MAXIMUM CAFS ENGINE RPM ___________________________
CAFS ENGINE SPEED RANGE ___________________________
NOTICE !
Class1 cannot assume responsibility for product failure resulting from improper
maintenance or operation. Class1 is responsible only to the limits stated in the
product warranty. Product specifications contained in this manual are subject to
change without notice.
All Class1 products are quality components -- ruggedly designed, accurately
machined, precision inspected, carefully assembled and thoroughly tested. In
order to maintain the high quality of your unit, and to keep it in a ready condition, it
is important to follow the instructions on care and operation. Proper use and good
preventive maintenance will lengthen the life of your unit.
ALWAYS INCLUDE THE UNIT SERIAL NUMBER
IN YOUR CORRESPONDENCE.
ECO NOREVCHANGE FROMBYDATEAPVD
0032AINITIAL RELEASELwH02/14/2005
Manual p/n: 029-0020-75-0, Rev. -A
Printed in U.S.A.
THE HALE CAFSPRO® PUMP SYSTEM (OR CAFSPRO) IS DESIGNED FOR
OPTIMUM SAFETY OF ITS OPERATORS. FOR ADDED PROTECTION, PLEASE
FOLLOW THE SAFETY GUIDELINES LISTED IN THIS SECTION AND ADHERE
TO ALL WARNING, DANGER, CAUTION AND IMPORTANT NOTES FOUND
WITHIN THIS MANUAL.
THIS SECTION ON SAFETY MUST BE CAREFULLY READ, UNDERSTOOD
AND ADHERED TO STRICTLY BY ALL INSTALLERS AND OPERATORS
BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO INSTALL OR OPERATE THE CAFSPRO PUMP
SYSTEM.
CAFSPro is a registered trademark of Hale Products, Incorporated. All other
brand and product names are the trademarks of their respective holders.
Safety Precautions ❑
IMPORTANT !
1.1SAFETY GUIDELINES
READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS THOROUGHLY BEFORE BEGINNING
ANY INSTALLATION PROCESS.
❑This manual covers basic operation of the Hale CAFSPro Pump Sys-
tem installed on the apparatus and related subsystems.
For detailed operation and maintenance instructions refer to the component manuals supplied with the individual components.
❑A compressed air foam system can be a valuable fire fighting tool;
however, proper operation and proper tactical use of this tool needs to
be addressed through training and education.
Further education and training on foam and compressed air foam is
required for effective and safe fire fighting use of this equipment.
Dry foam is not recommended for structural fire suppression or direct
fire attack.
❑Make sure proper personal protective equipment is used when operat-
ing or servicing apparatus.
❑Rotating drive line parts can cause injury. Be extremely careful that
NO part of your body (head, feet, arms, legs, finger, hair) is in an area
of rotating parts where you could be subject to injury.
CAFSPro User Operation Manual
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7
❑ Safety Precautions
❑Before attempting to start the CAFSPro make sure to close all manual
drains and discharge valves.
❑Adding compressed air to the hose line dramatically increases the
energy content.
Hose lines charged with compressed air foam have very little weight
but contain large amounts of energy.
❑CAFS Systems add power to the fire stream via compressed air.
Proper education, training and nozzle selection are required for operational effectiveness and safety. Greater nozzle reaction can be
expected from some nozzles.
❑Nozzle selection – Hale does not recommend any specific type or
brand of nozzle for use with the CAFSPro system.
Each fire department must conduct its own evaluation to ensure an
appropriate nozzle choice for the various types of hazards they expect
to encounter. Each fire department must develop associated operational procedures and guidelines. Hale Products, Inc. does not recommend or claim suitability or fitness for any given nozzle brand or
style.
WARNING !
ONCE A NOZZLE HAS BEEN SELECTED IT IS IMPERATIVE TO PROVIDE
AMPLE TRAINING IN THE USE OF THE NOZZLE. OPEN CAFS NOZZLES
SLOWLY AND MAKE SURE THE NOZZLE IS SECURED AGAINST REACTION
FORCE.
❑Do not remove the cap from the FS series foam strainer while the Hale
FoamLogix unit is running and the fire pump is engaged or connected
to a pressurized water supply.
❑Projectiles can cause injury. DO NOT use a blank hose cap on CAFS
discharges. CAFS stores energy, in the form of compressed air, in
piping that could turn a blank hose cap into a projectile when
removed.
❑Wet surfaces become slippery. Use care when climbing on the appa-
ratus during operations.
❑Attack hoses for use with CAFS systems must be suitable for use with
CAFS. Refer to Hale Bulletin 686 for a listing of attack hoses
approved by hose manufacturers for use with Hale CAFSPro systems.
❑With the foam selector in the flush position or with water in the foam
tanks, the operator is proportioning water into the discharge stream
and slug flow can result. Always select foam tank prior to starting
operations when the apparatus is equipped with a dual foam tank
system.
8
CAFSPro User Operation Manual
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Safety Precautions ❑
❑DO NOT perform maintenance on the Hale CAFSPro system while the
unit is running. Make sure the system is shut down and components
have cooled before attempting maintenance.
❑The operating pressure range of the CAFSPro compressed air foam
system is 75-150 psi (5.2-10.4 BAR).
WARNING !
DO NOT EXCEED 150 PSI (10.3 BAR).
❑Do not use a pump pressure governor in the pressure control mode
with a CAFS system. Reduced pump speed, inherent in a pressure
governor in the PSI mode, reduces the effectiveness of the CAFS fire
fighting output streams. Use only the RPM or Speed Control modes.
CAUTION !
THE PROPER OIL LEVEL MUST BE MAINTAINED IN THE AIR COMPRESSOR
SYSTEM AT ALL TIMES. LOW OIL LEVEL OR NO OIL COULD RESULT IN
EXCESSIVE COMPRESSOR TEMPERATURE AND POSSIBLE COMPRESSOR
FIRE. OVER FILLING AIR COMPRESSOR SYSTEM WILL RESULT IN SYSTEM
MALFUNCTIONING.
THE FIRE PUMP IS EQUIPPED WITH A MECHANICAL SEAL. DO NOT RUN
PUMP DRY FOR EXTENDED PERIODS OF TIME OR SEAL DAMAGE COULD
RESULT.
DO NOT EXCEED 195°F (91°C) DURING AIR COMPRESSOR SYSTEM
OPERATION.
❑DO NOT remove or alter any guard or insulating devices, or attempt to
operate the system when these guards are removed.
Make sure all access/service panels and covers are installed, closed
and latched tight, where applicable.
❑DO NOT remove or alter any hydraulic or pneumatic connections,
electrical devices, etc. DO NOT tamper with or disconnect safety features or modify protective guards (such as covers or doors). DO NOT
add or remove structural parts.
CAFSPro User Operation Manual
p/n: 029-0020-75-0
Doing so voids the CAFSPro warranty.
Any of the above could affect system capacity and/or safe operation of
the system and is a serious safety violation which could cause personal injury, weaken the construction of the system or affect safe operation of the CAFSPro Pump System.
9
❑ Safety Precautions
NO MODIFICATIONS OR ADDITIONS MAY BE MADE TO THE CAFSPRO PUMP
SYSTEM WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION FROM:
Hale Products, Incorporated
Fire Suppression Division
700 Spring Mill Avenue
Conshohocken, PA 19428 U.S.A.
Telephone:......610-825-6300
Fax:.................610-825-6440
Web.............www.haleproducts.com
❑To prevent electrical shock always disconnect the primary power source
before attempting to service any part of the Hale CAFSPro pump
system.
WARNING !
❑All electrical systems have the potential to cause sparks during service.
Take the necessary precautions to eliminate explosive or hazardous
environments during any installation/service.
❑To prevent system damage or electrical shock, the main power supply
wire must be the last connection made to the CAFSPro system electrical
distribution box.
❑Hale CAFSPro system is designed for use on negative (-) ground, direct
current, electrical systems only.
❑Always disconnect the power cable, ground straps, electrical wires and
control cables from the control unit or other CAFSPro system equipment
before electric arc welding at any point on the apparatus. Failure to do
so could result in a power surge through the unit that could cause irreparable damage.
❑Before connecting the cord sets and wiring harnesses, inspect the seal
washer in the female connectors. If the seal washer is missing or damaged, water can enter the connector causing pins and terminal corrosion.
This results in possible system failure.
❑Relieve all system pressure, then drain all foam concentrate and water
from the system before servicing any of its component parts.
❑Foam tank “low level” sensors must be utilized to protect the foam pro-
portioner from dry running. Failure to use “low level” sensors voids the
warranty.
10
❑Use only pipe, hose and fittings, from the foam pump outlet to the injector
fitting, which are rated at or above the maximum pressure rating at which
the water pump system operates.
CAFSPro User Operation Manual
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Safety Precautions ❑
❑DO NOT mount a radio transmitter or transmitter cables in direct or close
contact with the CAFSPro control unit. Direct contact could cause electrical interference and disrupt the control panel or radio operations.
❑DO NOT connect the foam pump main power lead to small leads that are
supplying some other device, such as a light bar or siren. The Hale
FoamLogix Model 3.3 and Model 5.0 require 60 AMP minimum current
and a 200 AMP (peak) minimum disconnect.
❑When operating the Hale FoamLogix in Simulated Flow Mode an outlet
for the foam concentrate must be provided to prevent excessive pressure
buildup in the discharge piping or hoses.
❑Make sure the foam tank and foam concentrate suction hoses are clean
before making final connection to foam pump. If necessary, flush the
tank and hoses prior to making any connections.
A normal Compressed Air Foam System (CAFS) combines the fire-fighting properties of water and foam concentrate along with the power of compressed air. (See
Figure 2-1: ‘Normal Compressed Air Foam System.’)
Overview ❑
CAFSPro User Operation Manual
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Figure 2-1: Normal Compressed Air Foam System
The Hale CAFSPro® system controls the combination of three components, water,
foam concentrate and compressed air – to make compressed air foam. (See Figure 2-2: ‘Hale CAFSPro Compressed Air Foam System,’ on page 14.) The CAFSPro system injects foam concentrate into the water discharge stream using the
Hale FoamLogix Foam Proportioning System. Air is then supplied by the Air Compressor System. The CAFSPro system monitors the water flow rate and foam concentrate injection. The CAFSPro system only allows air injection if water is flowing
and foam concentrate is being injected by the FoamLogix into the water stream.
13
❑ Overview
Figure 2-2: Hale CAFSPro Compressed Air Foam System
The Hale FoamLogix foam proportioning system uses a rugged Class 1 flow sensor
to measure water flowing out the foam capable discharge(s). The Hale FoamLogix
control unit has a computer chip that constantly compares the water flow and foam
concentrate flow rates to inject the proper amount of foam concentrate based on
the operator selected injection rate. The operator can select any foam concentrate
injection rate at the control unit from 0.1% to 10.0% dependent on fire ground
requirements. The control unit provides the operator with the water flow rate as
well as total water flowed, foam concentrate injection rate and total foam concentrate used.
14
CAFSPro User Operation Manual
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Overview ❑
Foam solution is available once the foam concentrate is added to the fire pump discharge. Discharge valves, plumbed into the system, provide foam solution, not
CAFS. To obtain CAFS, air must be added to create compressed air foam.
The Compressor System is designed to deliver continuous duty performance.
Compressed air is added proportionally into the foam solution flow, controlled by
the CAFSPro controller. The CAFSPro monitors the air flow and provides a digital
readout on the control panel.
Mixers, downstream of the air injection point, assure proper foam mixing before discharge. Compressed air foam is available through the compressed air foam discharge valves on the apparatus.
The Air Compressor includes a closed-loop lubrication system that both lubricates
and cools the compressor. A water-to-oil heat exchanger is added to cool the air
compressor oil. An “optional” standby air to oil cooler is an additional option to
reduce the amount of heat transferred into the pump water in warm climates.
Compressed Air Foam produced by the Hale CAFSPro system varies in consistency from WET to DRY by adjusting the CAFSPro control on the pump operator
panel. DRY foam contains more air than water. This can be valuable in exposure
protection, creating a thick long lasting foam blanket. WET foams generally have
approximately 0.5 to 1.0 SCFM of air for every GPM of water and are usually used
for direct attack.
WARNING !
A COMPRESSED AIR FOAM SYSTEM CAN BE A VALUABLE FIRE FIGHTING
TOOL. HOWEVER, PROPER OPERATION AND TACTICAL USE OF THIS
TOOL NEEDS TO BE ADDRESSED THROUGH TRAINING AND EDUCATION.
THIS MANUAL COVERS BASIC OPERATION OF THE HALE CAFSPRO SYSTEM. FURTHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING ON FOAM AND COMPRESSED
AIR FOAM IS REQUIRED FOR EFFECTIVE AND SAFE FIRE FIGHTING USE OF
THIS EQUIPMENT.
DRY FOAM IS NOT RECOMMENDED FOR STRUCTURAL FIRE SUPPRESSION
OR DIRECT FIRE ATTACK.
CAFS discharge hoses are handled differently than plain water hoses at the same
pressure.
❑Lighter Hoses
Because a CAFS hose line is filled with almost half air in the form of foam
bubbles, a 1-3/4” (45 mm) hose line handles more like a 1” (25.4
mm) line. The hose line floats on water and is easier to advance.
CAFSPro User Operation Manual
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15
❑ Overview
❑Nozzle Reaction/Compressibility of Air
Compressed air foam hose lines, by definition, contain a mixture of compressed air, foam and water. Since compressed air stores energy, a
surge is felt when opening the nozzle as the air escapes.
Open the nozzle slowly to minimize this surge. Also see Section “1
Safety Precautions” on page 7 for additional nozzle reaction information.
To better understand nozzle reaction and the high energy nature of compressed air
foam, the compressibility of air as defined by Boyle’s Law can be studied.
Boyle’s Law
states: If the
temperature is
kept constant, the
volume of a gas
will vary inversely
as the absolute
pressure, while
the density will
vary directly as
the pressure.
Since the pressure and volume
of a gas are
inversely related
— the higher the
pressure, the
smaller the volume, and vice
versa.
Figure 2-3: Boyle’s Law -
Schematic Representation
The formula for
Boyle’s law is: PV=C.
Where P = Absolute Pressure; V = Volume and C = Constant
Figure 2-3: “Boyle’s Law - Schematic Representation“ shows that the original volume of compressed air is reduced as the pressure increases by a
directly proportionate factor.
As the schematic shows, with six more atmospheres [88.2 PSI (6 BAR)] of
pressure added, the air pressure is now seven atmospheres [102.9 PSI (7
BAR)], and the original volume has been reduced by a factor of one-seventh
(1/7). As more pressure is added, each atmosphere [14.7 PSI (1 BAR)] of
pressure directly reduces the volume of air by the factor shown.
16
CAFSPro User Operation Manual
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Overview ❑
In addition to the normal hydraulics at work in a fire ground operation, using CAFS
also adds pneumatics. Therefore, “hydro-pneumatics” is the governing physics at
work when using CAFS.
Pump operators and firefighters should keep the following items in mind:
WARNING !
ADDING COMPRESSED AIR TO THE HOSE LINE WILL DRAMATICALLY
INCREASE THE ENERGY CONTENT. IF PERSONNEL ARE NOT PREPARED,
A DANGEROUS SITUATION CAN RESULT. HOSE LINES CHARGED WITH
COMPRESSED AIR FOAM HAVE VERY LITTLE WEIGHT BUT CONTAIN
LARGE AMOUNTS OF ENERGY. “OPEN CAFS NOZZLES SLOWLY.”
The operating pressure on CAFS hose lines can be lowered to make them easier to
handle. CAFS hand lines are typically “pumped” at 90 to 100 PSI (6-7 BAR) for a
typical pre-connected 1-3/4” (45 mm) hose line.
Each fire department must conduct practical tests to find the appropriate pump
pressure required to move the agent (GPM/SCFM) into, through and out the end of
a hose line, monitor (if used) and the nozzle selected.
WARNING !
PLAIN WATER AND AIR DO NOT MIX.
WHEN AIR IS INJECTED INTO A WATER STREAM WITHOUT FOAM CONCENTRATE, A CONDITION CALLED “SLUG FLOW” WILL OCCUR. SLUG FLOW
CAN CREATE VIOLENT HOSE PULSATIONS. “CHATTER” IS THE CONDITION WHERE INSUFFICIENT FOAM CONCENTRATE IS BEING INJECTED.
THIS IS A LESS SEVERE FORM OF SLUG FLOW. SLUG FLOW AND CHATTER CAN DAMAGE HOSE LINES AND COULD CAUSE THE NOZZLE OPERATOR TO LOSE CONTROL OF THE NOZZLE. ALSO SEE HEADING “HALE
FOAMLOGIX SYSTEM” ON PAGE 17.
Hale FoamLogix System
The Hale CAFSPro Foam Proportioning System uses an exclusive safety
enhancement interlock to help prevent Slug Flow.
CAFSPro User Operation Manual
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Air and water do not mix, so it is important that foam chemical be added to
the water prior to air injection.
17
❑ Overview
Air is not allowed to flow into the discharge unless water flow and pressure
are available. The Hale FoamLogix system is activated and starts the foam
concentrate injection when the air compressor is engaged. This important
safety enhancement feature helps to prevent “slug flow” or air and water
only from being discharged into the hose line. If the water pump is not
primed, or the Hale FoamLogix foam system is OFF or out of foam, the Hale
CAFSPro control does not allow air injection.
When water and foam concentrate are properly supplied, the Hale CAFSPro air flowmeter safety interlock allows air to flow into the CAFS capable
discharge.
WITH WATER IN THE FOAM TANKS, THE OPERATOR IS PROPORTIONING
WATER INTO THE DISCHARGE STREAM AND SLUG FLOW CAN RESULT.
ALWAYS SELECT THE FOAM TANK PRIOR TO STARTING OPERATIONS,
WHEN THE APPARATUS IS EQUIPPED WITH A DUAL FOAM TANK SYSTEM.
WARNING !
ENSURE THE FOAM TANK CONTAINS AN APPROVED FOAM CONCENTRATE. (SEE APPENDIX A “FOAM CONCENTRATE COMPATIBILITY,”
BEGINNING ON PAGE 67.)
The operator panel of the apparatus contains controls and indicators that are necessary for its operation and for operation of the CAFSPro Pump System. Before
operating the apparatus and CAFSPro, the operator must become familiar with the
location and function of these controls.
The following is a summary of the controls and indicators used during operation of
the CAFSPro system, along with a description of their function. (See Figure 3-1:
‘Operator Panel Arrangement’ on page 21.) This panel arrangement is provided to
aid in component identification only. Each operator must become familiar with the
location of the controls and indicators on his/her individual apparatus.
3.1ENGINE CONTROLS AND INDICATORS
(See Figure 3-1: ‘Operator Panel Arrangement’ on page 21.)
The operator panel contains controls and indicators to monitor and control
operation of the apparatus engine during CAFSPro system operation. Consult the apparatus operation and maintenance manual provided by the
apparatus builder for a description of these controls.
Pump Controls
Controls are located on the operator panel to operate the apparatus fire
pump. Consult the apparatus operation and maintenance manual provided
by the apparatus builder for a description of these controls.
Pressure Gauges
The following pressure gauges provide an indication of water inlet and discharge pressures along with the compressed air discharge pressure.
Master Duplex Pressure Gauge
This gauge indicates the discharge pressure of water and compressed
air. The BLACK needle indicates the water pressure and the RED needle
indicates the air pressure.
During CAFS operation both the water pressure and air pressure are the
same when discharges are closed (no flow), normally 100 PSI (7 BAR).
22
CAFSPro User Operation Manual
p/n: 029-0020-75-0
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