DOC022.52.00641JUN04
PORTABLE TURBIDIMETER
Model 2100P
Instrument manual
© Hach Company, 2004. All rights reserved. Original: bb 6/04 10ed
http://www.hach.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CERTIFICATION .................................................................................................... 5
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ...................................................................................... 8
SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................. 9
OPERATION..........................................................................................11
Section 1 Description............................................................................................. 13
1.1 General Description........................................................................................... 13
1.2 Accessories ........................................................................................................ 13
1.3 Principle of Operation ....................................................................................... 13
1.4 Preparation for Use............................................................................................ 14
1.4.1 Battery Installation..................................................................................... 14
1.4.2 Using the Battery Eliminator and Rechargeable Batteries ........................ 15
1.4.3 Calibration ................................................................................................. 15
Section 2 OPERATION......................................................................................... 17
2.1 Operational Controls and Indicators.................................................................. 17
2.2 Signal Averaging ............................................................................................... 18
2.3 Calibration ......................................................................................................... 19
2.3.1 StablCal Stabilized Formazin Standards ................................................... 19
2.3.2 Correcting for Turbidity of Dilution Water ............................................... 21
2.3.3 Calibrating the Turbidimeter ..................................................................... 21
Section 3 TURBIDITY MEASURE ..................................................................... 25
3.1 Turbidity Measurement ..................................................................................... 25
3.1.1 Turbidity Measurement Procedure ............................................................ 25
MAINTENANCE ...................................................................................27
Section 4 MAINTENANCE .................................................................................. 29
4.1 Lamp Replacement............................................................................................ 29
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Table of contents, continued
Section 5 TROUBLE SHOOTING .......................................................................30
5.1 Instrument Diagnostics.......................................................................................30
5.1.1 Display Test ................................................................................................30
5.2 Error Messages...................................................................................................30
5.2.1 Flashing Numeric Display..........................................................................30
5.2.2 Error Messages ...........................................................................................30
5.2.3 CAL? ..........................................................................................................30
Replacement Parts & Accessories ...........................................................................32
HOW TO ORDER ..................................................................................................34
REPAIR SERVICE .................................................................................................35
WARRANTY ..........................................................................................................36
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4650098 GBTOC.fm
CERTIFICATION
Hach Company certifies this instrument was tested thoroughly, inspected and found
to meet its published specifications when it was shipped from the factory.
The Model 2100P Portable Turbidimeter has been tested and is certified as indicated
to the following instrumentation standards:
Product Safety:
Battery/Eliminator Power Supply Only:
120 Vac, 60 Hz, UL Listed & CSA Certified, Class 2
230 Vac, 50 Hz, VDE Approved, GS & CE marked
Immunity:
Instrument Tested with external 230 V, 50 Hz Power Supply:
EN 50082-1 (European Generic Immunity Standard) per 89/336/EEC EMC:
Supporting test records with Dash Straus and Goodhue, Inc. (now Intertek Testing
Services), certified compliance by Hach Company.
Standards include:
IEC 801-2 Electro-Static Discharge
IEC 801-3 Radiated RF Electro-Magnetic Fields
IEC 801-4 Electrical Fast Transients/Burst
Emissions
2100P Turbidimeter Tested with external Battery/Eliminator Power Supply:
EN 50081-1 (Emissions) per 89/336/EEC EMC: Supporting test records by Amador
Corp. (now TUV Product Services), certified compliance by Hach Company
Standards include:
EN 55022 (CISPR 22) Emissions, Class B LimitsAdditional Emissions
Canadian Radio Interference-Causing Regulation, Chapter 1374, Class A:
Supporting test records by Amador Corp. (now TUV Product Services), certified
compliance by Hach Company
This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian InterferenceCausing Equipment Regulations. Cet appareil numérique de la classe A respecte
toutes les exigences du Reglement sur le matériel brouilleur du Canada.
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4650098 cert.fm
Certification, continued
FCC Part 15, Class “A” Limits: Supporting test records by Amador Corp. (now
TUV Product Services), certified compliance by Hach Company.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept
any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is
operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful
interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his
own expense. The following techniques of reducing the interference problems are
applied easily.Externes Netzteil vom Gerät trennen, um sicherzugehen, dass die
Störung nicht durch das Messgerät verursacht wird.
1. Disconnect the external power supply or remove the batteries from the 2100P
Portable Turbidimeter to determine whether it is the source of the interference.
2. Move the 2100P Portable Turbidimeter and its power supply away from the
device receiving the interference.
3. Move the device receiving the interference to a different location.
4. Try combinations of the above.
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4650098 cert.fm
Certification, continued
4650098 cert.fm
Page 7
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Please read this entire manual before unpacking, setting up, or operating this instrument. Pay particular attention to all danger and caution statements. Failure to do so
could result in serious injury to the operator or damage to the equipment.
To ensure the protection provided by this equipment is not impaired, do not use or
install this equipment in any manner other than that which is specified in this
manual.
Use of Hazard Information
If multiple hazards exist, this manual will use the signal word (Danger, Caution,
Note) corresponding to the greatest hazard.
DANGER
Indicates a potentially or imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in minor or moderate injury.
NOTE
Information that requires special emphasis.
Precautionary Labels
Read all labels and tags attached to the instrument. Personal injury or damage to the
instrument could occur if not observed.
!
This symbol, if noted on the instrument, references the instruction manual for
operational and/or safety information.
Page 8
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
4650098 safety.fm
SPECIFICATIONS
Specifications are subject to change without notice. Operating specifications
applicable at 25 °C unless noted. Program software copyrighted by Hach Company,
1991.
Measurement Method: Ratio Nephelometric signal (90°) scatter light ratio to
transmitted light
Range: 0–1000 NTU (=FNU) with automatic decimal point placement or manual
range selection of 0–9.99, 0–99.9 and 0–1000 NTU (=FNU)
Accuracy: ± 2% of reading plus stray light from 0–1000 NTU
Resolution: 0.01 NTU on lowest range
Repeatability: ± 1% of reading or 0.01 NTU, whichever is greater
Response Time: 6 seconds for full step change without signal averaging in constant
reading mode
Stray Light: <0.04 NTU
Standardization: StablCal® Stabilized Formazin primary standards or Formazin
primary standards
Display: Four-digit liquid crystal; 10.16 mm high digits with custom icons
Light Source: Tungsten filament lamp
Detectors: Silicon photovoltaic
Signal Averaging: Operator selectable on or off
Sample Cells: (Height X width) 60.0 X 25 mm Borosilicate glass with screw caps,
marking band and fill line
Sample Required: 15 mL
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4650098 specs.fm SPECIFICATIONS
SPECIFICATIONS, continued
Storage Temperature: –40 to 60 °C (instrument only)
Operating Temperature: 0 to 50 °C (instrument only)
Operating Humidity Range: 0 to 90% RH noncondensing at 30 °C;
0 to 80% RH noncondensing at 40 °C;
0 to 70% RH noncondensing at 50 °C
Power Requirements: Four AA Alkaline cells or optional battery eliminator
Battery Life: Typically 300 tests with signal average mode off; 180 tests with
signal average mode on
Battery Eliminator (optional): For 120 V eliminator: CSA and UL approved for
120 V ac ± 10%, 60 Hz, 6 V at 800 mA dc output
For 230 V eliminator: CE (VDE) approval pending for 230 V ac ± 10%, 50 Hz, 6 V
at 900 mA dc output
Enclosure: High impact ABS plastic
Dimensions: 22.2 X 9.5 X 7.9 cm
Instrument Weight: 520 kg
Shipping Weight: 3.1 kg
Page 10
SPECIFICATIONS
4650098 specs.fm
OPERATION
DANGER
Handling chemical samples, standards, and reagents can be dangerous. Review the necessary Material
Safety Data Sheets and become familiar with all safety procedures before handling any chemicals.
DANGER
La manipulation des échantillons chimiques, étalons et réactifs peut être dangereuse. Lire les Fiches de
Données de Sécurité des Produits (FDSP) et se familiariser avec toutes les procédures de sécurité avant
de manipuler tous les produits chimiques.
PELIGRO
La manipulación de muestras químicas, estándares y reactivos puede ser peligrosa. Revise las fichas de
seguridad de materiales y familiarícese con los procedimientos de seguridad antes de manipular
productos químicos.
GEFAHR
Das Arbeiten mit chemischen Proben, Standards und Reagenzien ist mit Gefahren verbunden. Es wird
dem Benutzer dieser Produkte empfohlen, sich vor der Arbeit mit sicheren Verfahrensweisen und dem
richtigen Gebrauch der Chemikalien vertraut zu machen und alle entsprechenden
Materialsicherheitsdatenblätter aufmerksam zu lesen.
PERIGO
A manipulação de amostras, padrões e reagentes químicos pode ser perigosa. Reveja a folha dos dados
de segurança do material e familiarize-se com todos os procedimentos de segurança antes de manipular
quaisquer produtos químicos.
PERICOLO
La manipolazione di campioni, standard e reattivi chimici può essere pericolosa. La preghiamo di prendere
conoscenza delle Schede Techniche necessarie legate alla Sicurezza dei Materiali e di abituarsi con tutte
le procedure di sicurezza prima di manipolare ogni prodotto chimico.
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4650098 opstop.fm
Section 1 Description
1.1 General Description
The Hach Model 2100P Portable Turbidimeter (Figure 1) measures turbidity from
0.01 to 1000 NTU (=FNU). The instrument operates on four AA alkaline batteries
or with an optional battery eliminator. Rechargeable nickel-cadmium cells may be
used, but cannot be recharged in the instrument. The carrying case holds teh
instrument, all standard accessories, and the optional battery eliminator.
Figure 1 2100P Turbidimeter and Accessories
Note: Avoid prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light and sunlight.
Note: When taking a reading, place the instrument on a level, stationary surface. It should not be held in
the hand during measurement.
1.2 Accessories
Accessories supplied with the turbidimeter include six sample cells; one sealed vial
each of: <0.1-NTU, 20-NTU, 100-NTU, and 800-NTU StablCal® Stabilized
Formazin Standards; 4 AA alkaline batteries; 15 mL of silicone oil; oiling cloth;
carrying case; instrument manual; and quick reference card.
1.3 Principle of Operation
The Model 2100P Portable Turbidimeter operates on the nephelometric principle of
turbidity measurement. This instrument meets the design criteria specified by the
United States Environmental Protection Agency, Method 180.1.
The ratio optical system (Figure 2) includes a tungsten-filament lamp, a 90° detector
to monitor scattered light, and a transmitted light detector. The microprocessor
Page 13
4650098 intro.fm Description
Section 1, continued
calculates the ratio of the signals from the 90° and transmitted light detector. This
ratio technique corrects for interferences from color and/or light absorbing materials
(such as activated carbon) and compensates for fluctuations in lamp intensity,
providing long-term calibration stability. The optical design also minimizes stray
light, increasing measurement accuracy.
Figure 2 Ratio Optical System
90°
Detector
Transmitted
Light
Detector
Lamp
Lens
Sample
Cell
1.4 Preparation for Use
1.4.1 Battery Installation
The instrument is shipped without the batteries installed. Before use, install the four
AA alkaline batteries (Figure 3) or connect the battery eliminator. For battery
operation:
1. Remove the battery compartment cover on the instrument bottom.
2. Install the batteries.
3. Correct battery polarity is shown on the battery holder. Reinstall the battery
compartment cover.
Page 14
Preparation for Use
4650098 intro.fm
Section 1, continued
Figure 3 Battery Installation
1.4.2 Using the Battery Eliminator and Rechargeable Batteries
Plug the eliminator jack into the connector on the turbidimeter side. The optional
battery eliminator may be used with or without the batteries installed. The
eliminator will not charge batteries. Rechargeable batteries may be used in the
instrument, but must be removed for recharging. See HOW TO ORDER on page 34
for ordering information. To prolong battery life, the instrument lamp turns on
temporarily when the READ key is pressed.
1.4.3 Calibration
The 2100P Portable Turbidimeter is calibrated with Formazin Primary Standard at
the factory and does not require recalibration before use. See Calibration 2.3 on
page 19 for calibration instructions.
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4650098 intro.fm Preparation for Use
Section 1, continued
Page 16
Preparation for Use
4650098 intro.fm
Section 2 OPERATION
2.1 Operational Controls and Indicators
2100P TURBIDIMETER
DIAG
AUTO RNG SIG AVG
EDIT
MODE
CAL
RANGE READ
DIAG
CAL?
NTU
SIGNAL
AVERAGE
POWER
Key Description
I
O
READ
Power key turns instrument on and off. If no keys are pressed for 5.5 minutes, the instrument turns off automatically.
Performs a measurement. To conserve battery power, the lamp turns on only when READ
is pressed. A reading is displayed about 12 seconds after the key is pressed. After the reading is displayed, the lamp turns off and the reading continues to be displayed. After a
measurement is taken, there is a 4-second recovery time before another can be started. If
Read is pressed during the recovery time, the display will flash but the lamp will not turn
on until the recovery time is complete. If no key strokes occur for 5.5 minutes, the meter
turns off.
Hold this key for continuous reading if the meter is not in the Signal Averaging mode.
After the initial delay, the reading is updated every 1.2 seconds.
CAL
Performs a calibration or review calibration data. Also terminates a calibration or calibration review and returns to the 2100P measurement mode.
Edits a flashing digit in the calibration mode, or scrolls through the calibration standards
(S0,S1, S2, S3) or diagnostic menu.
Moves the editing cursor to the digits being edited in the calibration mode or initiate
editing of a standard value.
SIGNAL
AVERAGE
Turns the signal averaging function on or off.
DIAG
4650098 operation.fm OPERATION
Selects the diagnostic mode.
Page 17
Section 2, continued
Key Description
Scrolls between Auto Range, Manual Range, 0.00–9.99 NTU range, 10–99.9 NTU range,
and 100–1000 NTU range. The range selection cannot be changed when a reading or calibration is in progress.
When the meter is turned on it defaults to the last used range mode and measurement
range.
Key Description
DIAG
CAL
CAL?
S__
SIG AVG
AUTO RNG
8888
Turns on after DIAG is pressed. A number displayed under the DIAG icon (1–9) indicates
which diagnostic function is active.
Turns on after CAL is pressed and remains on during the calibration.
Appears after calibration if a value entered during calibration is outside an acceptable
range. May indicate an operator error or possible instrument malfunction. Flashing CAL?
indicates the default calibration coefficients are being used (even after a user-calibration
has been done) or that no calibration data is currently stored.
Appears during calibration. The S is followed by a number to indicate which standard
value is currently being edited or displayed. The flashing number is prompting user for
measurement of S0, S1, S2 or S3 to establish a calibration. Steady number identifies
which standard value is being displayed.
Flashes when the battery voltage drops to 4.4 volts indicating to change batteries. At <4.0
volts, the instrument automatically shuts off.
Appears constantly when the lamp is on and flashes after a reading if a marginal light
level reaches the transmitted light detector. When flashing, it indicates the sample may be
too turbid (not within measurement range) and needs dilution or the lamp needs replacing.
Indicates the signal averaging mode is on. The icon turns off if signal averaging is not selected.
Indicates instrument is in automatic range mode. The icon turns off when manual range
mode is selected.
The 4-digit display is active when the instrument is on (measurements are displayed to
three digits). After the
READ key is pressed - - - - is displayed during wait periods.
2.2 Signal Averaging
Signal averaging measures and averages ten measurements while displaying
intermediate results. The initial value is displayed after about 11 seconds and the
display is updated every 1.2 seconds until all ten measurements are taken (about 22
seconds). Afterwards, the lamp turns off, but the final measured turbidity value
continues to be displayed until another key is pressed.
When signal averaging is off, the instrument takes three measurements, the
microprocessor averages them, then displays the average. If the READ key is held
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Signal Averaging
4650098 operation.fm
Section 2, continued
during measurement, the initial value is displayed in 12 seconds and is updated
every 1.2 seconds as long as the READ key is held.
When the instrument is turned on, the instrument defaults to the signal averaging
mode which was used during the last measurement.
2.3 Calibration
Calibration of the 2100P Turbidimeter is based on formazin, the primary standard
for turbidity. The electronic and optical design provide long-term stability and
minimize the need for frequent calibration. The two-detector ratioing system
compensates for most fluctuations in lamp output. A formazin recalibration should
be performed at least once every three months, more often if experience dictates.
When calibration is necessary, use a primary standard such as StablCal™ Stabilized
Standards or formazin standards.
For Hach turbidimeters, use only StablCal® Stabilized Formazin or formazin
standards. Hach Company cannot guarantee the performance of the turbidimeter if
calibrated with co-polymer styrene divinylbenzene beads or other suspensions.
2.3.1 StablCal Stabilized Formazin Standards
2.3.1.1 Storing and Handling StablCal Stabilized Standards
For optimum results when using StablCal Stabilized Standards, adhere to the
following recommendations:
• Do not transfer the standard to another container for storage.
• Do not return standard from the sample cell back into the its original container.
Standard contamination will result.
• Store standards between 0 and 25 °C.
• For long-term storage, refrigeration at 5 °C is recommended. Do not store above
25 °C.
• Allow the standard to acclimate to ambient instrument conditions before use (not
to exceed 40 °C).
Page 19
4650098 operation.fm Calibration
Section 2, continued
• Store away from direct sunlight. Store vials in their respective kit or shipping box
with the cover in place.
2.3.1.2 Preparing Bulk StablCal Stabilized Standards
Bulk standards that have been sitting undisturbed for longer than a month must be
shaken to break the condensed suspension. Start at step 1 for these standards. If the
standards are used on at least a weekly interval, start at step 3.
Note: When using <0.1-NTU StablCal Standards, do not shake or invert.
1. Shake the standard vigorously for 2–3 minutes to suspend particles.
2. Allow the standard to stand undisturbed for 5 minutes.
3. Gently invert the bottle of StablCal 5 to 7 times.
4. Rinse the sample cell at least once with the standard and discard the rinse.
5. Immediately fill the sample cell with the standard. Cap the sample cell and let it
stand for one minute. The standard is now ready for use in the calibration
procedure, Section 2.3.3 on page 22.
2.3.1.3 Preparing StablCal Stabilized Standards in Sealed Vials
Sealed vials that have been sitting undisturbed for longer than a month must be
shaken to break the condensed suspension into its original particle size. Start at step
1 for these standards. If the standards are used on at least a weekly interval, start at
step 3.
Note: When using <0.1-NTU* StablCal Standards do not shake or invert.
1. Shake the standard vigorously for 2–3 minutes to suspend particles.
2. Allow the standard to stand undisturbed for 5 minutes.
3. Gently invert the vial of StablCal 5 to 7 times.
4. Let the vial stand for one minute. The standard is now ready for use in the
calibration procedure, see Calibrating the Turbidimeter on page 21.
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Calibration
4650098 operation.fm
Section 2, continued
2.3.2 Correcting for Turbidity of Dilution Water
The 2100P Turbidimeter automatically compensates for turbidity contributed by
dilution water when calculating the true value of the lowest formazin standard. Use
high quality distilled or deionized water less than 0.5 NTU (=FNU). The instrument
will display “E 1” after calibration if the dilution water turbidity is greater than 0.5
NTU. In this case, prepare the water as directed below.
The value of the dilution water can be arbitrarily forced to zero using the calibration
procedure. This is not recommended for most applications and, if done, should be
done only if the dilution water turbidity is less than 0.2 NTU.
2.3.2.1 Preparing Dilution Water
Note: Use the same dilution water for all dilutions and the sample blank.
Collect at least 1000 mL of high quality dilution water (distilled or deionized water).
The 2100P Turbidimeter, as received from the factory, is precalibrated and may be
used to check the dilution water turbidity. If the turbidity is greater than 0.5 NTU
(=FNU), filter the water with the Sample Filtration and Degassing Kit (Cat. No.
43975-10) or equivalent. When measuring low range turbidity, clean all glassware
with 1:1 hydrochloric acid and rinse several times with dilution water. If the
glassware is not used immediately, use stoppers to prevent contamination from
small particles.
2.3.3 Calibrating the Turbidimeter
NOTES
• If the I/O key is pressed during calibration, the new calibration data is lost and the
old calibration will be used for measurements. Once in calibration mode, only the
READ, I/O, ×, and Ö keys function. Signal averaging and range mode must be sel-
ected before entering the calibration mode.
• If “E 1” or “E 2” are displayed, an error occurred during calibration. Check the
standard preparation and review the calibration; repeat the calibration if necessary. Press DIAG to cancel the error message (E 1 or E 2). To continue without
repeating the calibration, press I/O twice to restore the previous calibration. If
“CAL?” is displayed, an error may have occurred during calibration. The pre-
Page 21
4650098 operation.fm Calibration
Section 2, continued
vious calibration may not be restored. Either recalibrate or use the calibration as
is.
• To review a calibration, press CAL and then × to view the calibration standard
values. As long as READ is never pressed and CAL is not flashing, the calibration
will not be updated. Press CAL again to return to the measurement mode.
Note: For accuracy, use the same sample cell or four matched sample cells for all measurements during
calibration. Always insert the cell so the orientation mark placed on the cell during the matching
procedure is correctly aligned.
1. Rinse a clean sample cell several times with dilution water. Fill the cell to the
line (about 15 mL) with dilution water or use StablCal <0.1 NTU standard.
Note: The same dilution water used for preparing the standards must be used in this step.
2. Insert the sample cell in the cell compartment by aligning the orientation mark
on the cell with the mark on the front of the cell compartment. Close the lid.
Press I/O.
3. Choose signal average mode option (on or off) before pressing CAL. The SIGNAL
AVERAGE key is not functional in calibration mode.
4. Press CAL. The CAL and S0 icons will appear (the 0 will flash). The 4-digit display
will show the value of the S0 standard for the previous calibration. If the blank
value was forced to 0.0, the display will be blank. Press the right key to get a
numerical display.
5. Press READ. The meter will count from 60 to 0, (67 to 0 if signal average is on),
read the blank, and use it to calculate a correction factor for the 20 NTU standard
measurement. If the dilution water is >0.5 NTU, E1 will appear when the
calibration is calculated (See Preparing Dilution Water on page 21 for more
dilution water information). The display will automatically increment to the next
standard.
6. Remove the sample cell from the cell compartment.
The turbidity of the dilution water can be “forced” to zero by pressing the Ö key
rather than reading the dilution water. The display will show “S0 NTU”. Press
the × key to continue with the next standard.
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Calibration
4650098 operation.fm
Section 2, continued
7. The display will show “S1” (with the 1 flashing) and 20 NTU or the value of the
S1 standard for the previous calibration. If the value is incorrect, edit using the
arrow keys.
8. Fill a clean sample cell to the line with well mixed 20 NTU StablCal Standard or
20 NTU formazin standard. Insert the sample cell into the cell compartment by
aligning the orientation mark on the cell with the mark on the front of the cell
compartment. Close the lid.
9. Press READ. The instrument will count from 60 to 0 (67 to 0 if signal average is
on). The display will automatically increment to the next standard.
10. Remove the sample cell from the cell compartment.
11. The display will show “S2” (with the 2 flashing) and “100 NTU” or the value of
the S2 standard for the previous calibration. If the value is incorrect, edit using
the arrow keys.
12. Fill a clean sample cell to the line with well mixed 100 NTU StablCal Standard
or 100 NTU formazin standard. Insert the sample cell into the cell compartment
by aligning the orientation mark on the cell with the mark on the front of the cell
compartment. Close the lid.
13. Press READ. The instrument will count from 60 to 0 (67 to 0 if signal average is
on). The display will automatically increment to the next standard.
14. Remove the sample cell from the cell compartment.
15. The display will show “S3” (with the 3 flashing) and “800 NTU” or the value of
the S3 standard for the previous calibration. If the value is incorrect, edit using
the arrow keys.
16. Fill a clean sample cell to the line with well mixed 800 NTU StablCal Standard
or 800 NTU formazin standard. Insert the sample cell into the cell compartment
by aligning the orientation mark on the cell with the mark on the front of the cell
compartment. Close the lid.
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4650098 operation.fm Calibration
Section 2, continued
17. Press READ. The instrument will count from 60 to 0 (67 to 0 if signal average is
on). The display will increment back to the S0 display. Remove the sample cell
from the cell compartment.
18. Press CAL to accept the calibration. The instrument will return to measurement
mode automatically.
Note: If calibration errors occurred during calibration, error messages will appear after CAL is pressed.
Note: The standards must have a difference of at least 60 NTU.
Page 24
Calibration
4650098 operation.fm
Section 3 TURBIDITY MEASURE
3.1 Turbidity Measurement
Measurements may be made with the signal average mode on or off and in manual
or automatic range selection mode.
With signal average mode off, the final value is displayed after approximately 12
seconds.
Accurate turbidity measurement depends on good measurement technique by the
analyst, such as using clean sample cells in good condition and removing air
bubbles (degassing).
3.1.1 Turbidity Measurement Procedure
1. Thoroughly clean
the sample cell.
2. Collect a
representative sample
in a clean container.
Fill a sample cell to the
line (about 15 mL),
taking care to handle
the sample cell by the
top. Cap the cell.
3. Wipe the cell with a
soft, lint-free cloth to
remove water spots and
fingerprints.
4. Apply a thin film of
silicone oil. Wipe with
a soft, lint-free cloth to
obtain an even film
over the entire surface.
Note: Applying a thin coat
of silicone oil will mask
minor imperfections and
scratches which may
contribute to turbidity or
stray light. Use silicone oil
equivalent to Hach Cat. No.
1269-36, which has the
same refractive index as
glass.
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4650098 measure.fm TURBIDITY MEASURE
Section 3, continued
I
O
5. Wipe off the excess
so that only a thin coat
of oil is left. Excess oil
may retain dirt and
contaminate the
instrument cell
compartment.
The cell should appear
nearly dry with little or
no visible oil.
Note: Soft, lint-free cloth
(velvet) works well for
oiling. Store the oiling cloth
with the sample cells and
keep it free of dirt. After a
few applications of oil, the
cloth will contain enough
residual oil that simply
wiping the cell with the
oiled cloth will provide a
sufficient oil coat on the
sample cell. Periodically,
add a small amount of oil to
the sample cell surface to
replenish the oil in the cloth.
6. Press: I/O. 7. Insert the sample
cell in the instrument
cell compartment so the
diamond or orientation
mark aligns with the
raised orientation mark
in front of the cell
compartment. Close
the lid.
8. Press: RANGE. Select
mannual or automatic
range mode.
SIGNAL
AVERAGE
9. Press: SIGNAL
AVERAGE
Page 26
Turbidity Measurement
.
READ
10. Press: READ
The display will show
the turbidity in NTU.
Record the turbidity
after the lamp symbol
turns off.
Note: The instrument defaults to the last operating mode
selected. If automatic range mode and signal averaging
were used on the previous measurements, these options will
automatically be selected for subsequent samples.
4650098 measure.fm
MAINTENANCE
Some of the following manual sections contain information in the form of warnings, cautions and notes
that require special attention. Read and follow these instructions carefully to avoid personal injury and
damage to the instrument. Only personnel qualified to do so, should conduct the maintenance tasks
described in this portion of the manual.
Certains des chapitres suivants de ce mode d’emploi contiennent des informations sous la forme
d’avertissements, messages de prudence et notes qui demandent une attention particulière. Lire et suivre
ces instructions attentivement pour éviter les risques de blessures des personnes et de détoriation de
l’appareil. Les tâches d’entretien décrites dans cette partie du mode d’emploi doivent être seulement
effectuées par le personnel qualifié pour le faire.
Algunos de los capítulos del manual que presentamos contienen muy importante información en forma de
alertas, notas y precauciones a tomar. Lea y siga cuidadosamente estas instrucciones a fin de evitar
accidentes personales y daños al instrumento. Las tareas de mantenimiento descritas en la presente
sección deberán ser efectuadas únicamente por personas debidamente cualificadas.
Einige der folgenden Abschnitte dieses Handbuchs enthalten Informationen in Form von Warnungen,
Vorsichtsmaßnahmen oder Anmerkungen, die besonders beachtet werden müssen. Lesen und befolgen
Sie diese Instruktionen aufmerksam, um Verletzungen von Personen oder Schäden am Gerät zu
vyyyermeiden. In diesem Abschnitt beschriebene Wartungsaufgaben dürfen nur von qualifiziertem
Personal durchgeführt werden.
Algumas das seguintes secções do manual contêm informações em forma de advertências, precauções e
notas que requerem especial atenção. Leia e siga atentamente as presentes instruções para evitar
ferimentos pessoais e não danificar o instrumento. As tarefas de manutenção descritas nesta parte do
manual só poderão ser executadas por pessoal qualificado.
Page 27
4650098 mainstop.fm MAINTENANCE
Page 28
MAINTENANCE
4650098 mainstop.fm
Section 4 MAINTENANCE
4.1 Lamp Replacement
The procedure below explains lamp installation and electrical connections. Use a
small screwdriver to remove and install the lamp leads in the terminal block. The
instrument requires calibration after lamp replacement.
1. Orient the instrument so it is upside down and the top faces away from you.
Remove the battery cover and at least one battery.
2. Remove the lamp assembly by grasping the tab on the left side of the assembly
and remove the old lamp leads.
3. Insert the new lamp at the same way.
4. Replace the batteries and battery cover.
5. Insert the 800 NTU formazin standard into the sample cell. Press and hold READ.
Then press I/O. Release the READ key after the software version number disappears
from the display.
6. Adjust the scattered light amplifier output by inserting a small flat-blade
screwdriver into the trimpot hole (located on bottom). Adjust the display to read
2.5 ± 0.3 volts.
7. Press
I/O to exit gain adjust mode.
8. Perform a formazin calibration according to Calibrating the Turbidimeter on
page 21.
Page 29
4650098 maintenance.fm MAINTENANCE
Section 5 TROUBLE SHOOTING
5.1 Instrument Diagnostics
5.1.1 Display Test
Pressing and holding the I/O key turns on all the display icons and elements so you
can determine if all the elements and icons are functioning. The display test
sequence will cycle as long as the key is held down.
5.2 Error Messages
Error messages indicate sample interferences and/or instrument malfunction.
5.2.1 Flashing Numeric Display
If the highest value in the range selected is flashing in the display, the sample is too
turbid (or overrange) for the selected range. In automatic or manual range, 1000
flashes if the sample is over the instrument range. In manual range mode, select the
next higher range mode if 9.99 or 99.9 flashes. The display will stop flashing if a
sample within range is inserted and read.
5.2.2 Error Messages
An error message indicates either an instrument failure or an operation cannot be
performed. An error message can be cleared by pressing DIAG (display will return to
previous measurement or calibration value). The meter continues to operate as best
it can. If the message occurs during a calibration, calibration can continue. If the
error message occurs when a calibration is being calculated, the instrument will
discard the new calibration and retain the old calibration. Error messages and
corrective actions are listed below.
5.2.3 CAL?
A flashing CAL? appears when the instrument is using the default calibration
programmed at the factory. CAL? (not flashing) appears when a calibration has
questionable validity.
Page 30
TROUBLE SHOOTING
4650098 diagnostics.fm
Section 5, continued
Message Probable Cause Corrective Action
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
E6
E7
E8
Dilution water is ≥ 0,5 NTU. Start calibration over with better quality
dilution water or use a membrane filter to
filter the water before use.
Two standards have the same value or
their difference is less than 60 NTU.
Recheck preparation of standards and repeat
calibration.
Not all standards were read during the
calibration.
Standard 1 is too low (<10 NTU).
Low light error. Re-read measurement.
Check lamp
Check for obstructed light path.
Dilution may be necessary.
EEPROM malfunction. Check sum failed. Press I/O. If E4 reappears,
call Hach service. If CAL? appears,
recalibrate.
A/D overrange. Check for obstructed light path.
A/D underrange. Check for open lid during reading and re-
read. Check for obstructed light path. If
persists, call Hach Service.
Light Leak. Close lid before pressing READ.
Bad lamp circuit. Reinsert lamp leads at terminal block-make
sure the lead ends are not touching each
other.If this fails, call Hach Service.
Page 31
4650098 diagnostics.fm Error Messages
Replacement Parts & Accessories
REPLACEMENT PARTS
Description Cat. No.
AA Batteries, 4/pkg .........................................................................................................................1938004
Battery Door ....................................................................................................................................4600500
Carrying Case ..................................................................................................................................4650600
Lamp Assembly ...............................................................................................................................4653900
Oiling Cloth .....................................................................................................................................4707600
Sample Cells, 1 inch, with cap, 6/pkg..............................................................................................2434706
Silicone Oil, 15 mL............................................................................................................................126936
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES AND REAGENTS
Deionized Water, 3.78 L ......................................................................................................................27217
Bath, Ultrasonic, 2.8 L (0.75-gal), w/heater ....................................................................................2489500
Battery Charger, 120 V ....................................................................................................................4647900
Battery Charger, 230 V ....................................................................................................................4647901
Battery Eliminator, 120 V................................................................................................................4607900
Battery Eliminator, 230 V................................................................................................................4608000
Filter, 0.2 micron, 10/pkg.................................................................................................................2323810
Formazin, 4000 NTU (=FNU), 500 mL ............................................................................................246149
Formazin, 4000 NTU (=FNU),100 mL .............................................................................................246142
Hexamethylenetetramine, 100 g ........................................................................................................187826
Hexamethylenetetramine, 500 g ........................................................................................................187834
Hydrazine Sulfate, 20 g........................................................................................................................74246
Hydrazine Sulfate, 100 g......................................................................................................................74226
NiCad Rechargeable Battery (4 required)........................................................................................1607700
Pipet, serologic, 1.00 mL .....................................................................................................................53235
Pipet, TenSette®, 1-10 mL ..............................................................................................................1970010
Pipet Tips, for 1-10 mL TenSette Pipet, 50/pkg ..............................................................................2199796
Pipet Tips, for 1-10 mL TenSette Pipet, 1000/pkg ..........................................................................2199728
Pipet, Volumetric, Class A, 1.00 mL ...............................................................................................1451535
Pipet, Volumetric, Class A, 5.00 mL ...............................................................................................1451537
Pump, Vacuum, Hand-Operated ......................................................................................................1428300
Pump, Vacuum, 115 V, 60 Hz ..........................................................................................................1469700
Pump, Vacuum, 230 V, 50 Hz ..........................................................................................................1469702
Sample Degassing Kit......................................................................................................................4397500
Sample Filtration and Degassing Kit ...............................................................................................4397510
Page 32
Replacement Parts & Accessories
4650098 parts.fm
, continued
StablCal® Calibration Set for 2100P Turbidimeter
<0.1, 20, 100, 800 NTU (=FNU), 500 mL each ..............................................................................2659400
<0.1, 20, 100, 800 NTU (=FNU), 100 mL each ..............................................................................2659410
<0.1, 20, 100, 800 NTU (=FNU), sealed vials.................................................................................2659405
<0.1 NTU (=FNU) StablCal®Stabilized Formazin Standard, 100 mL ...........................................2659742
20 NTU (=FNU) StablCal® Stabilized Formazin Standard, 100 mL .............................................2660142
100 NTU (=FNU) StablCal® Stabilized Formazin Standard, 100 mL ...........................................2660242
800 NTU (=FNU) StablCal® Stabilized Formazin Standard, 100 mL ...........................................2660542
StablCal® Calibration Set for 2100P,sealed vials,
< 0.1 NTU, 20 NTU, 100 NTU, and 800 NTU................................................................................2659405
Triton-X Solution, 118 mL (4 oz) ....................................................................................................1409632
Volumetric Flask, 100 mL................................................................................................................1457442
Volumetric Flask, 200 mL................................................................................................................1457445
Page 33
4650098 parts.fm Replacement Parts & Accessories
HOW TO ORDER
By Telephone: By Mail:
6:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. MST
Monday through Friday
(800) 227-HACH
(800-227-4224)
By FAX: (970) 669-2932
Ordering information by E-mail: orders@hach.com
Hach Company
P. O . Bo x 3 89
Loveland, CO 80539-0389
U.S.A.
Information Required
• Hach account number (if available) • Billing address
• Your name and phone number • Shipping address
• Purchase order number • Catalog number
• Brief description or model number • Quantity
In Europe, the Middle East, or Mediterranean Africa:
Dr. Bruno Lange GmbH & Co KG
Willstätterstr. 11
D-40549 Düsseldorf
Germany
Telefon: +49/(0)211.52.88.0
Fax: +49/(0)211.52.88.231
info@hach-lange.de
www.hach-lange.com
HACH LANGE LTD
Lennox Road
Basingstoke
Hampshire, RG22 4AP
Tel: +44(0) 12 56 33 34 03
Fax: +44(0) 12 56 33 07 24
info@hach-lange.co.uk
www.hach-lange.com
Page 34
HOW TO ORDER
4650098 end.fm
REPAIR SERVICE
Authorization must be obtained from Hach Company before sending any items for
repair. Please contact the HACH Service Center serving your location.
Dr. Bruno Lange GmbH & Co KG
Willstätterstr. 11
D-40549 Düsseldorf
Germany
Telefon: +49/(0)211.52.88.0
Fax: +49/(0)211.52.88.231
info@hach-lange.de
www.hach-lange.com
HACH LANGE LTD
Lennox Road
Basingstoke
Hampshire, RG22 4AP
Tel: +44(0) 12 56 33 34 03
Fax: +44(0) 12 56 33 07 24
info@hach-lange.co.uk
www.hach-lange.com
Page 35
4650098 end.fm REPAIR SERVICE
WARRANTY
Hach Company warrants this product to the original purchaser against any defects
that are due to faulty material or workmanship for a period of one year from date of
shipment.
In the event that a defect is discovered during the warranty period, Hach Company
agrees that, at its option, it will repair or replace the defective product or refund the
purchase price, excluding original shipping and handling charges. Any product
repaired or replaced under this warranty will be warranted only for the remainder of
the original product warranty period.
This warranty does not apply to consumable products such as chemical reagents; or
consumable components of a product, such as, but not limited to, lamps and tubing.
Contact Hach Company or your distributor to initiate warranty support. Products
may not be returned without authorization from Hach Company.
Limitations
This warranty does not cover:
damage caused by acts of God, natural disaster, labor unrest, acts of war (declared or
undeclared), terrorism, civil strife or acts of any governmental jurisdiction
• damage caused by misuse, neglect, accident or improper application or installa-
tion
• damage caused by any repair or attempted repair not authorized by Hach Com-
pany
• any product not used in accordance with the instructions furnished by Hach
Company
• freight charges to return merchandise to Hach Company
• freight charges on expedited or express shipment of warranted parts or product
• travel fees associated with on-site warranty repair
Page 36
WARRANTY
4650098 end.fm
, continued
This warranty contains the sole express warranty made by Hach Company in
connection with its products. All implied warranties, including without limitation,
the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, are expressly
disclaimed.
Some states within the United States do not allow the disclaimer of implied
warranties and if this is true in your state the above limitation may not apply to you.
This warranty gives you specific rights, and you may also have other rights that vary
from state to state.
This warranty constitutes the final, complete, and exclusive statement of warranty
terms and no person is authorized to make any other warranties or representations
on behalf of Hach Company.
Limitation of Remedies
The remedies of repair, replacement or refund of purchase price as stated above are
the exclusive remedies for the breach of this warranty. On the basis of strict liability
or under any other legal theory, in no event shall Hach Company be liable for any
incidental or consequential damages of any kind for breach of warranty or
negligence.
Page 37
4650098 end.fm WARRANTY
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