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Operation Manual – HVRP
H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 HVRP Configuration....................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Introduction to HVRP.........................................................................................................1-1
1.1.1 Background.............................................................................................................1-1
1.1.2 Basic Concepts of HVRP........................................................................................1-1
1.1.3 Operating Mechanism of HVRP..............................................................................1-2
1.1.4 Network Topologies Supported by HVRP...............................................................1-4
1.2 HVRP Configuration Task.................................................................................................. 1-5
1.2.1 Configuring HVRP...................................................................................................1-6
1.2.2 Configuring HVRP Time Parameters and Attributes...............................................1-7
1.2.3 Configuring VLAN Attributes of HVRP.................................................................... 1-8
1.3 Displaying and Maintaining HVRP Configuration.............................................................. 1-9
1.4 HVRP Configuration Example ........................................................................................... 1-9
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Chapter 1 HVRP Configuration
When configuring HVRP, go to these sections for information you are interested in:
z Introduction to HVRP
z Configuring HVRP
z Displaying and Maintaining HVRP Configuration
z HVRP Configuration Example
1.1 Introduction to HVRP
1.1.1 Background
Currently, metropolitan area networks (MANs) established by carriers usually adopt a
ring topology or a tree topology. Whichever topology is in use, it is always necessary
that devices on the distribution layer support the learning of a large number of MAC
addresses in order to satisfy the network access needs of all connected users. With the
continuous increase of network users, the current number of MAC addresses that a
switch can learn may no longer meet the actual demands. This means that MAC
addresses of some users cannot be learnt by the switch, resulting in packets being
broadcast within the VLAN, taking up extra bandwidth and undermining network
functionality.
To address the issue, the Hierarchy VLAN Register Protocol (HVRP) was introduced.
HVRP enables dynamic registration and aging of VLANs for a given port in certain
networking environments by differentiating user VLANs (local VLANs) from non-user
VLANs. It thus saves the amount of space needed for storing MAC addresses,
increasing the user capacity of the whole device.
1.1.2 Basic Concepts of HVRP
I. HVRP
In certain network environments, HVRP can be used to save MAC address storage
space for switches, and therefore, improve network scalability.
II. HVRP ports
Ports with HVRP configured, that is, ports that can send and receive HVRP packets.
III. Root HVRP port
A port with HVRP configured, also configured as a root port on a spanning tree.
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IV. Designated HVRP ports
A port with HVRP config ured, also configur ed as a design ated port on a sp annin g tree.
V. Local VLANs
Local VLANs are the VLANs to which the ports with HVRP disabled belong.
VI. Registration of VLAN
Add VLANs that meet certain criteria to the list of VLANs interconnecting a given HVRP
port.
VII. Aging of VLAN
Delete a specified VLAN from the list of VLANs interconnecting a given HVRP port.
VIII. Permanent VLAN
Permanent VLANs are VLANs that will never be aged out by HVRP-enabled ports af ter
being created.
IX. Sending local VLAN
An HVRP packet contains the local VLAN information. With STP enabled, the
HVRP-enabled root port is responsible for sending HVRP packets.
X. VLAN registration timer
VLAN registration timer determines the interval for a root port to send HVRP registered
VLAN packets.
XI. VLAN registration ageing timer
If a port does not receive a specific HVRP VLAN registration packet within the
registered-VLAN aging time, the corresponding VLAN will be aged out.
1.1.3 Operating Mechanism of HVRP
By means of dynamic VLAN registration and aging, HVRP ages VLANs that no longer
participate in packet forwarding and o nly keeps those needed. When there are no more
than two ports left in a VLAN, no MAC address will be learnt and data packets will be
broadcast within the VLAN, which does not affect the network bandwidth.
Figure 1-1 shows an illustrative example of HVRP mechanism.
z Enable STP throughout the network.
z Connect the switches through trunk ports with HVRP enabled. They carry the
same set of VLANs, VLAN 201 through VLAN 600 in this example.
z Disable HVRP on the ports that do not belong to an STP ring.
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Figure 1-1 Illustrate HVRP
1) VLAN Registration
z Each device sends out its local VLAN information periodically through the HVRP
root port.
z Each device forwards the received local VLAN information through its root port,
and in the meantime registers the local VLAN information received through the
designated port on the receiving port.
z The root bridge only registers received local VLANs with the ports that have
received HVRP packets.
z VLAN registration can be carried out only on HVRP designated ports.
z Only VLANs that have been statically configured on a given port can be registered
with that port. For example, VLAN 999 cannot be registered with a port that does
not belong to it even if the port has received the local VLAN information that
contains VLAN 999.
z Registration of a VLAN can affect its aging.
2) Aging of VLAN
If the HVRP designated port does not receive any VLAN registration information within
the VLAN aging time, the corresponding VLANs on the port will be aged out.
3) Sending and maintenance of local VLAN information
When a local VLAN change takes place (for instance, invalidation of a local VLAN due
to configuration change), the switch sends the local VLAN information immediately
through the HVRP root port.
In addition, the HVRP root port sends local VLAN registration packets periodically.
4) Actions taken when an HVRP-enabled port goes up or do wn
When an HVRP-enabled port is brought up or shut down, packets may be forwarded
improperly in the network because some VLANs are aged. Therefore, upon detecting
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HVRP-enabled port state changes (port up or down events), the system sends restore
packets to have all the switches in the network reregister the aged VLANs on their
previous ports.
5) Actions upon STP port role change
When the STP role of an HVRP port has changed, the aged VLANs for this given port
should be immediately reregistered with this port.
6) Counting of ports within a given VLAN
z The number of ports for a given VLAN should be updated whenever the following
events occurred: a new port is added to the VLAN, a port has left the VLAN, a
VLAN is registered, and the VLAN has aged.
z An aggregation port is treated as a single port.
7) MAC address learning in a given VLAN
z Learn MAC addresses when more than two non-aged ports are present in the
VLAN.
z Pause MAC address learning and remove dynamic MAC address entries that
have been learnt when only two or less than two non-aged ports are prese nt in the
VLAN.
1.1.4 Network Topologies Supported by HVRP
I. Single Ring Networks
Figure 1-2 An HVRP-supported single ring network
Features of single ring networks:
z STP is enabled network wide.
z Switch 1, Switch 2, Switch 3, Switch 4, and Switch 5 are all Layer 2 switches.
Switch 1 is the root bridge and the rest connect to layer 3 devices via Switch 1.
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z The link between Switch 3 and Switch 4 is blocked by STP.
z The clients illustrated in Figure 1-2 include all clients connected with the device,
including terminal clients and DSLAM clients.
z In practice, Switch 1 can be either a Layer 2 or a Layer 3 device.
II. Multi-Ring Networks
Figure 1-3 An HVRP-supported multi-ring network
Features of multi-ring networks:
z MSTP is enabled network wide, with each ring corresponding to an MSTP
instance. All the devices belong to the same domain.
z Switch 1-2, Switch 1-3, Switch 1-4, Switch 1-5, Switch N-2, Switch N-3, Switch
N-4, and Switch N-5 are all Layer 2 switches. Switch 1 is the root bridge of all
instances and the other dev ices connect to Layer 3 dev ices via Switch 1 (S witch 1
can be either a Layer 2 or a Layer 3 device).
1.2 HVRP Configuration Task
Complete the following tasks to configure HVRP:
z Configuring HVRP
z Configuring HVRP Time Parameters and Attributes
z Configuring VLAN Attributes of HVRP
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1.2.1 Configuring HVRP
HVRP can be enabled in system view or in Ethern et port view. When HVRP is disabled
globally in system view or disabled in Ethernet port view , all the other HV RP-dependent
configurations will be disabled as a result.
I. Configuration Prerequisites
z HVRP-enabled ports must be Trunk ports.
z STP is enabled globally.
z GVRP is disabled globally.
II. Configuring HVRP
Follow these steps to configure HVRP in system view:
To do … Use the command … Remarks
Enter system view
Enable HVRP
system-view
hvrp enable
Follow these steps to configure HVRP in port view:
To do … Use the command … Remarks
Enter system view
Enter Ethernet port view
Enable HVRP
system-view
interface interface-type
interface-num
hvrp enable
—
Required
By default, HVRP is
disabled globally.
—
—
Required
By default, HVRP is
disabled.
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Caution:
z HVRP enabled ports must be Trunk ports.
z Before enabling HVRP on a port, it is recommended to remove VLAN 1 from the
port.
z You can enable HVRP for an Ethernet port only after enabling HVRP globally.
z Disabling HVRP globally will disable HVRP for all ports.
z After you enable HVRP, do not use the mac-address max-count command on a
VLAN.
z HVRP configuration cannot be copied between ports.
z HVRP and GVRP are mutually exclusive.
z XP4 boards (except XP4L boards) do not support HVRP.
1.2.2 Configuring HVRP Time Parameters and Attributes
The parameter and attribute configuration tasks include:
z Configuring the VLAN registration timer
z Configuring the registered-VLAN aging interval
I. Configuration Prerequisites
The following conditions must be met:
z HVRP is enabled globally.
z HVRP is enabled on a specified port.
II. Configuring Time Parameters and Attributes
Follow these steps to configure time parameters and attributes:
To do … Use the command … Remarks
Enter system view
Configure the VLAN
registration timer
Configure the
registered-VLAN aging
interval
system-view
hvrp timer registervlan
timer-num
hvrp timer
registervlan-age
timer-num
—
Optional
It is 5 seconds by default.
Optional
It is 15 seconds by
default.
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Caution:
z The VLAN registration timer must be smaller than the registered-VLAN aging
interval. It is recommended that the latter be at least three times the former.
z On a ring topology, all devices must have the same VLAN registration timer.
1.2.3 Configuring VLAN Attributes of HVRP
The VLAN attribute configuration tasks for HVRP include:
z Configuring a permanent VLAN
z Configuring the system to age all the VLANs
VLANs on a HVRP-enabled designated port can be aged out, while permanent VLANs
will never be aged out. Make sure all the specified VLANs are created before
performing the configurations below.
I. Configuring a permanent VLAN
The VLAN(s) on an HVRP port may be aged out while a perman ent VLAN will never be
aged out.
You cannot configure a VLAN as a permanent VLAN unless the VLAN has been
created.
Follow these steps to configure a permanent VLAN:
To do… Use the command … Remarks
Enter system view
Configure permanent
VLANs
system-view
hvrp permanent-vlan
vlan-id [ to vlan-id ]
—
Optional
By default, no permanent
VLAN exists.
Caution:
You are recommended to configure a VLAN with an IP address as a permanent VLAN.
II. Configuring the system to age all the VLANs
In a single-ring network or multi-ring network, you can configure the system to age all
VLANs or only local VLANs. The default configuration is recommended. You can use
the hvrp vlan-age all command to configure the system to age all the VLANs.
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A switch lo cated on the intersectio n point of the intersected rings must be configured to
age all the VLANs.
Follow these steps to configure the system to age all the VLANs:
To do … Use the command … Remarks
Enter system view
Configure the system to age all
the VLANs
system-view
hvrp vlan-age all
—
Optional
1.3 Displaying and Maintaining HVRP Configuration
To do … Use the command … Remarks
Display brief HVRP information
Display detailed information on
HVRP
Display local VLAN information
Display information on VLANs
that are actually allowed to
pass through the ports
Enable HVRP error debugging
Enable VLAN debugging of
HVRP
display hvrp brief
display hvrp verbose
display hvrp local-vlan
display hvrp port-vlan
debugging hvrp error
debugging hvrp info
Available in any view
Available in any view
Available in any view
Available in any view
Available in user view
Available in user view
1.4 HVRP Configuration Example
I. Network requirements
z The topology is a single ring network.
z STP is enabled network wide, with Switch 1 as the root bridge.
z Switch 1, Switch 2, Switch 3, Switch 4, and Switch 5 are all Layer 2 switches.
Switch 1 is the root bridge and the rest switches connect with Layer 3 devices via
Switch 1.
z The link between Switch 3 and Switch 4 is blocked by STP.
z User 1 and user 4 are household users who only want to visit the Internet through
Switch 1; user 2 and user 3 are enterprise users, and therefore in addition to
visiting the Internet, they also want to visit each other.
z Users refer to all users connected with the switches, including terminal users and
DSLAM users.
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II. Network diagram
Figure 1-4 HVRP Network diagram
III. Configuration procedure
# Create VLAN 201 to VLAN 600 on switches 1 through 5. Ports with user devices
attached are configured to enable the corresponding VLANs to p ass through the m. For
instance, Ethernet 3/1/1 on Switch 2 that connects with user 1 can be configured as
follows:
<H3C> system-view
System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.
[H3C] interface Ethernet 3/1/1
[H3C-Ethernet3/1/1] port link-type trunk
[H3C-Ethernet3/1/1] port trunk permit vlan 401 to 500
# Enable STP globally.
[H3C-Ethernet3/1/1] quit
[H3C] stp enable
# Enable HVRP globally.
[H3C] hvrp enable
# Configure Ethernet 3/1/2 in the ring network to be a trunk port, and configure th e port
to permit the corresponding VLANs to pass through.
<H3C> system-view
System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.
[H3C] interface Ethernet 3/1/2
[H3C-Ethernet3/1/2] port link-type trunk
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[H3C-Ethernet3/1/2] port trunk permit vlan 200 to 600
# Enable HVRP for Ethernet 3/1/2.
[H3C-Ethernet3/1/2] hvrp enable
The configuration of any other port in the STP ring is similar to that of Ethernet 3/1/2,
and the configuration of a port directly connecting to a user is similar to that of E thernet
3/1/1. So their configuration procedures are omitted here.
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