Graupner and KG MX 16 20 User Manual
mx-16
33116.mx-16 HoTT.1.gb
HOPPING TELEMETRY TRANSMISSION
Programming Manual
Contents
General Information
Safety Notes .................................................................. 3
Safety notes and handling instr
to Nickel-Metal-Hydride rechargeable batteries ............8
Foreword ......................................................................10
Description of radio control set .................................... 11
Recommended battery chargers .................................13
Transmitter power supply .............................................14
Receiver power supply ................................................16
Environmental protection notes ................................... 16
Adjusting the stick length ............................................. 17
Opening the transmitter case ......................................17
Changing the stick mode ............................................. 18
Description of transmitter............................................. 20
Transmitter controls ............................................... 20
Rear of transmitter .................................................21
Headphone socket ................................................21
Mini-USB socket .................................................... 21
Data socket ...........................................................21
DSC (Direct Servo Control) ................................... 22
Data storage / card slot .........................................22
Screen and keypad ...............................................24
Operating the “Data Terminal” ............................... 25
Short-cuts .............................................................. 25
Language selection, screen contrast .....................26
On-screen warnings ..............................................28
On-screen function fi elds.......................................28
Position indicator, rotary controls CTRL 7 + 8 ....... 29
Input lock ............................................................... 29
Using the transmitter for the fi rst time ..........................30
Using the receiver for the fi rst time .............................. 32
Installation notes .......................................................... 34
Receiving system power supply ............................ 35
Defi nition of terms ....................................................... 38
uctions relating
Switch and transmitter control assignment .................. 39
Digital trims .................................................................. 40
Fixed-wing model aircraft.............................................42
Receiver socket sequence ...............................43/44
Model helicopters ........................................................46
Receiver socket sequence ....................................47
Program descriptions
Setting up a new model memory ................................. 48
“Model memories” ......................................................
“Base settings” (model)
Fixed-wing model aircraft ......................................56
Binding receivers .............................................61
Range-checking .............................................. 62
Model helicopter .................................................... 64
Binding receivers .............................................70
Range-checking .............................................. 70
“Servo settings” ..........................................................72
“Transmitter control settings”
Fixed-wing model aircraft ......................................74
Model helicopter .................................................... 76
Throttle limit function ....................................... 79
Basic idle setting .............................................79
“D/R Expo”
Fixed-wing model aircraft ......................................82
Model helicopter .................................................... 84
“Phase trim” (fi xed-wing) ............................................86
What is a mixer? .......................................................... 88
“Wing mixer” ..............................................................
“Heli mix
General notes re. freely programmable mixers ..........106
er” ................................................................ 94
Setting up throttle and collective pitch curves .....100
Auto-rotation setting ............................................104
52
88
“Free mixers” ........................................................... 107
Examples............................................................. 111
“Swashplate mixers” ...............................................112
“Servo display” .........................................................113
“Basic settings” ........................................................ 114
“Fail-Safe” .................................................................116
“Telemetry” ............................................................... 117
Setting & Data view ............................................. 118
Satellite operation with two receivers ............ 126
Simple data view .................................................127
RF status view ..................................................... 129
Voice trigger ........................................................130
“Trainer mode”
Wiring diagrams ..................................................135
Wireless HoTT system ........................................136
“Info” ........................................................................140
Programming examples
Introduction ................................................................ 142
Fixed-wing model aircraft
First steps ............................................................ 144
Including an electr
E-motor and Butterfl y (crow) using Ch1 stick ...... 150
Operating timers .................................................. 153
Use of fl ight phases ............................................. 154
Servos running in parallel .................................... 155
Deltas and fl ying wings .............................................. 156
F3A models ...............................................................160
Model helicopters ......................................................164
Appendix
Appendix .................................................................... 170
Confor
mity declaration ............................................... 174
Guarantee certifi cate ................................................. 175
.........................................................
wer system .....................148
ic po
132
2
Contents
Safety Notes
Please read carefully!
We all want you to have many hours of pleasure in our
mutual hob
aspect of this. It is absolutely essential that you read
right through these instructions and take careful note
of all our safety recommendations. We also strongly
recommend that you register without delay at http://
www.graupner.de/en/service/product_registration, as
this ensures that you automatically receive the latest
information relating to your product by e-mail.
If you are a beginner to the world of radio-controlled
model aircraft, boats and cars, we strongly advise that
you seek out an experienced modeller in your fi eld, and
ask him or her for help and advice.
If you ever dispose of this transmitter, these instructions
must be passed on to the new owner.
Application
This radio control system may only be used for the
purpose for which the manufacturer intended it, i. e. for
operating radio-controlled models which do not carry hu-
mans. No other type of use is approved or permissible.
Safety notes
Even small models can cause serious personal injury
and damage to property if they are handled incompetently, or if an accident occurs due to the fault of others.
Technical problems in electrical and mechanical systems can cause motors to rev up or burst into life unexpectedly, with the result that parts may fl y off at great
speed, causing considerable injury.
Short-circuits of all kinds must be avoided at all times.
by of modelling, and safety is an important
SAFETY IS NO ACCIDENT
and
RADIO-CONTROLLED MODELS
ARE NOT PLAYTHINGS
Short-circuits can easily destroy parts of the radio control system, but even more dangerous is the acute risk
of fi re and explosion, depending on the circumstances
and the energy content of the batteries.
Aircraft and boat propellers, helicopter rotors, open
gearboxes and all other rotating parts which are driven
by a motor or engine represent a constant injury hazard.
Do not touch these items with any object or part of your
body. Remember that a propeller spinning at high speed
can easily slice off a fi nger! Ensure that no other object
can make contact with the driven components.
Never stand in the primary danger zone, i. e. in the rotational plane of the propeller or other rotating parts, when
the motor is running or the drive battery is connected.
Please note that a glowplug engine or electric motor
could burst into life accidentally if the receiving system
is switched on when you are transmitting the transmitter.
To be on the safe side, disconnect the fueltank or the
fl ight battery.
Protect all electronic equipment from dust, dirt, damp,
and foreign bodies. Avoid subjecting the equipment
to vibration and excessive heat or cold. Radio control
equipment should only be used in “normal” ambient
temperatures, i. e. within the range -15°C to +55°C.
Avoid subjecting the equipment to shock and pressure.
Check the units at regular intervals for damage to cases
and leads. Do not re-use any item which is damaged or
has become wet, even after you have dried it out thoroughly.
Use only those components and accessories which
we expressly recommend. Be sure to use only genuine
matching Graupner connectors of the same design with
contacts of the same material.
When deploying cables ensure that they are not under
strain, are not tightly bent (kinked) or broken. Avoid
sharp edges, as they can chafe through insulating
materials.
Before you use the system, check that all connectors
are pushed home fi rmly. When disconnecting components, pull on the connectors themselves – not on the
wires.
It is not permissible to carry out any modifi cations to the
RC system components, as any such changes invalidate
both your operating licence and your insurance cover.
Installing the receiving system
In a model aircraft the receiver must be packed in soft
foam and stowed behind a stout bulkhead, and in a
model boat or car it should be protected effectively from
dust and spray.
The receiver must not make direct contact with the
fuselage, hull or chassis at any point, otherwise motor
vibration and landing shocks will be transmitted directly
to it. When installing the receiving system in a model
with a glowplug or petrol engine, be sure to install all
the components in well-protected positions, so that no
exhaust gas or oil residues can reach the units and
get inside them. This applies above all to the ON / OFF
switch, which is usually installed in the outer skin of the
model.
Secure the receiver in such a way that the aerial, servo
leads and switch harness are not under any strain. The
receiver aerial should be at least 5 cm away from all
large metal parts and any wiring which is not connected
directly to the receiver. This includes steel and carbon
fi bre components, servos, electric motors, fuel pumps,
cabling of all kinds, etc..
Ideally the receiver should be installed well away from
Safety Notes
3
Safety Notes
any other installed equipment in the model, but in an
easily accessible position. Under no circumstances allow servo leads to run close to the aerial, far less coiled
round it!
Ensure that cables are fastened securely, so that they
cannot move close to the receiver aerial when the model
is fl ying.
Deploying the receiver aerial(s)
The receiver and its aerials should be installed as far
away as possible from all kinds of power system. If your
model has a carbon fi bre fuselage, the aerial tips must
always be deployed outside the fuselage. The orientation
of the aerial(s) is not critical, but we recommend installing them vertically (upright) in the model. If the receiver
features aerial diversity (two aerials), the second aerial
should be arranged at 90° to the fi rst.
Installing the servos
Always install servos using the vibration-damping
grommets supplied. The rubber grommets provide some
degree of protection from mechanical shock and severe
vibration.
Installing control linkages
The basic rule is that all linkages should be installed in
such a way that the pushrods move accurately, smoothly
and freely. It is particularly important that all servo output
arms can move to their full extent without fouling or rubbing on anything, or being obstructed mechanically at
any point in their travel.
It is essential that you should be able to stop your motor
at any time. With a glow motor this is achieved by adjusting the throttle so that the barrel closes completely when
you move the throttle stick and trim to their end-points.
Ensure that no metal parts are able to rub against each
other, e. g. when controls are operated, when parts
rotate, or when motor vibration affects the model. Metalto-metal contact causes electrical “noise” which can
interfere with the correct working of the receiver.
Directing the transmitter aerial
Transmitter fi eld strength is at a minimum in an imaginary line extending straight out from the transmitter
aerial. It is therefore fundamentally misguided to “point”
the transmitter aerial at the model with the intention of
obtaining good reception.
When several radio control systems are in use on adjacent channels, the pilots should always stand together in
a loose group. Pilots who insist on standing away from
the group endanger their own models as well as those
of the other pilots.
However, if two or more pilots operating 2.4 GHz radio
control systems stand closer together than 5 m, the
down-link channel may be swamped, triggering a very
premature range warning. If this should occur, walk
away from the other pilots until the range warning
ceases again.
Pre-fl ight checking
Before you switch on the receiver, ensure that the throt-
tle stick is at the stop / idle end-point.
Always switch on the transmitter fi rst,
and only then the receiver.
Always switch off the receiver fi rst,
and only then the transmitter.
If you do not keep to this sequence, i. e. if the receiver
is at any time switched on when “its” transmitter is
switched OFF, then the receiver is wide open to signals
from other transmitters and any interference, and may
respond. The model could then carry out uncontrolled
movements, which could easily result in personal injury
or damage to property.
Please take particular care if your model is fi tted with
a mechanical gyro: before you switch your receiver off,
disconnect the power supply to ensure that the motor
cannot run up to high speed accidentally.
As it runs down, the gyro can generate such a high
voltage that the receiver picks up apparently valid
throttle commands, and the motor could respond by
unexpectedly bursting into life.
Range checking
Before every session check that the system works properly
in all respects, and has adequate range.
adequately, and ensure that no persons are standing in
front of the model.
Carry out at least one complete function check on the
ground, followed by a complete simulated fl ight, in order
to show up any errors in the system and the model’s
programming. Be sure to read the notes on pages 62
and 70 in this regard.
When operating a model, i. e. when fl ying or driving,
do not operate the transmitter without the aerial fi tted.
Check that the transmitter aerial is fi rmly seated.
Operating your model aircraft, helicopter, boat or car
Never fl y directly over spectators or other pilots, and
take care at all times not to endanger people or animals.
Keep well clear of high-tension overhead cables. Never
operate your model boat close to locks and full-size vessels. Model cars should never be run on public streets or
motorways, footpaths, public squares etc..
Secure the model
4
Safety Notes
Checking the transmitter and receiver batteries
It is essential to stop using the radio control system and
recharge the batter
discharged. In the case of the transmitter this means –
at the very latest – when the message “battery needs
charging” appears on the screen, and you hear an
audible warning signal.
It is vital to check the state of the batteries at regular
intervals – especially the receiver pack. When the battery is almost fl at you may notice the servos running
more slowly, but it is by no means safe to keep fl ying or
running your model until this happens. Always replace or
recharge the batteries in good time.
Keep to the battery manufacturer’s instructions, and
don’t leave the batteries on charge for longer than
stated. Do not leave batteries on charge unsupervised.
Never attempt to recharge dry cells, as they may explode.
Rechargeable batteries should always be recharged before every session. When charging batteries it is important to avoid short-circuits. Do this by fi rst connecting the
banana plugs on the charge lead to the charger, taking
care to maintain correct polarity. Only then connect the
charge lead to the transmitter or receiver battery.
Disconnect all batteries and remove them from your
model if you know you will not be using it in the near
future.
Capacity and operating times
This rule applies to all battery types: capacity diminishes
with each charge. At low temperatures the battery’s
internal resistance rises, and capacity falls. This means
that its ability to deliver current and maintain voltage is
reduced.
ies well before they are completely
Frequent charging, and / or the use of maintenance
programs, tends to cause a gradual reduction in battery
capacity. We recommend that you check the capacity of
all your rechargeable batteries at least every six months,
and replace them if their performance has fallen off
signifi cantly.
Use only genuine Graupner rechargeable batteries!
Suppressing electric motors
All conventional (brushed) electric motors generate
sparks between the commutator and the brushes, which
cause more or less serious interference to the radio
control system, depending on the type of motor. If an
RC system is to work correctly, it is therefore important
to suppress the electric motors, and in electric-powered
models it is essential that every motor should be effectively suppressed. Suppressor fi lters reliably eliminate
such interference, and should always be fi tted where
possible.
Please read the notes and recommendations supplied
by the motor manufacturer.
Refer to the main Graupner FS catalogue or the Internet
website at www.graupner.de for more information on
suppressor fi lters.
Servo suppressor fi lter for extension leads
Order No. 1040
Servo suppressor fi lters are required if you are obliged
to use long servo extension leads, as they eliminate the
danger of de-tuning the receiver. The fi lter is connected
directly to the receiver input. In very diffi cult cases a
second fi lter can be used, positioned close to the servo.
Using electronic speed controllers
The basic rule is that the electronic speed controller
must be chosen to suit the size of the electric motor it is
required to control.
There is always a danger of overloading and possibly
damaging the speed controller, but you can avoid this by
ensuring that the controller’s current-handling capacity is
at least half the motor’s maximum stall current.
Particular care is called for if you are using a “hot” (i. e.
upgrade) motor, as any low-turn motor (small number of
turns on the winding) can draw many times its nominal
current when stalled, and the high current will then burn
out the speed controller.
Electrical ignition systems
Ignition systems for internal combustion engines can
also produce interference, which has an adverse effect
on the working of the radio control system.
Electrical ignition systems should always be powered by
a separate battery – not the receiver battery.
Be sure to use effectively suppressed spark plugs and
plug caps, and shielded ignition leads.
Keep the receiving system an adequate distance away
from the ignition system.
Static charges
Lightning causes magnetic shock waves which can
interfere with the operation of a radio control transmitter
even if the thunderstorm actually occurs several kilometres away. For this reason …
… cease fl ying operations immediately if you notice
an electrical storm approaching. Static charges
through the transmitter aerial can be life-threatening!
Caution
In order to fulfi l the FCC RF radiation regulations •
Safety Notes
5
Safety Notes
applicable to mobile transmitting apparatus, the
equipment’s aer
person when the system is in use. We therefore do
not recommend using the equipment at a closer
range than 20 cm.
Ensure that no other transmitter is closer than 20 cm •
from your equipment, in order to avoid adverse
effects on the system’s electrical characteristics and
radiation pattern.
The radio control system should not be operated •
until the Country setting has been set correctly at
the transmitter. This is essential in order to fulfi l the
requirements of various directives - FCC, ETSI, CE
etc. Please refer to the instructions for your particular
transmitter and receiver for details of this procedure.
Check all working systems and carry out at least one •
full range check on the ground before every fl ight, in
order to show up any errors in the system and the
model’s programming.
Never make any changes to the programming of the •
transmitter or receiver whilst operating a model.
Care and maintenance
Don’t use cleaning agents, petrol, water or other solvents to clean your equipment. If the case, the aerial etc.
gets dirty, simply wipe the surfaces clean with a soft dry
cloth.
Components and accessories
As manufacturers, the company of Graupner GmbH &
Co. KG recommends the exclusive use of components
and accessories which have been tested by Graupner
and approved for their capability, function and safety. If
you observe this rule, Graupner accepts responsibility
for the product.
Safety Notes
6
ial must be at least 20 cm from any
Graupner cannot accept liability for non-approved
components or accessories made by other manufacturers. It is not possible for Graupner to assess
every individual item manufactured by other companies, so we are unable to state whether such parts
can be used without incurring a safety risk.
Liability exclusion / Compensation
It is not possible for Graupner to ensure that the user
observes the installation and operation instructions, and
the recommended conditions and methods when installing, operating, using and maintaining the radio control
components. For this reason Graupner denies all liability
for loss, damages or costs which arise through misuse
or mishandling of this equipment, or are connected with
such use in any way.
Unless obliged by law, Graupner’s obligation to pay compensation, regardless of the legal argument employed,
is limited to the invoice value of that quantity of Graup-
ner products which were immediately involved in the
event in which the damage occurred, unless the company is deemed to have unlimited liability on account of
deliberate or gross negligence.
The sole purpose of this manual is to provide information; it is subject to amendment without prior notifi cation.
Graupner accepts no responsibility or liability for errors
or inaccuracies which may occur in the information
section of this manual.
Environmental protection
This symbol on the product, in the operating instructions
or the packaging indicates that the product must not be
discarded via the normal household refuse at the end
of its useful life. Instead it must be taken to a collection
point for the recycling of electrical and electronic apparatus.
The materials can be re-used according to their identifi cation code. You can make an important contribution to
the protection of our shared environment by recycling
old equipment and making use of its
basic materials.
Dry and rechargeable batteries must
be removed from the device and taken
to the appropriate collection point.
Please ask your local authority for
the location of your nearest waste
disposal site.
For your notes
7
Safety notes and handling instructions relating to Nickel-Metal-Hydride rechargeable batteries
As with all sophisticated technical products, it is vitally
important that you observe the following safety notes
and handling instructions if you wish the equipment to
operate safely and reliably for an extended period.
Safety notes
Individual cells and rechargeable batteries are not •
playthings, and must be kept well away from children.
Store rechargeable cells and batteries out of the
reach of children.
Check that the batteries are in perfect, serviceable •
condition before every use. Do not re-use defective or
damaged cells or batteries.
Rechargeable cells and batteries must be used •
within the specifi ed limits stated for the corresponding cell type.
Do not heat, incinerate or short-circuit rechargea-•
ble cells or batteries, and never charge them with
excessive currents or reversed polarity.
Never use rechargeable batteries consisting of •
parallel-wired cells, combinations of old and new
cells, cells of different construction, size, capacity, make, brand or cell type.
Batteries installed inside equipment should always be •
removed from the device when it is not in use and not
about to be used. Always keep equipment switched
off in order to avoid deep-discharged cells. Batteries
must be recharged in good time.
The battery to be charged should be placed on a •
non-infl ammable, heat-resistant, non-conductive
surface for the whole of the charge period. Keep
infl ammable and volatile objects and materials well
clear of the charging area.
Batteries must always be supervised when on •
Safety Notes
8
charge. Never exceed the maximum fast-charge current specifi ed for the cell type in use.
If the battery heats up to more than 60°C whilst on •
charge, halt the charge process immediately and
allow the pack to cool down to about 30°C.
Never recharge a battery which is already charged, •
hot, or not completely discharged.
Do not make any modifi cations to batteries. Never •
solder or weld directly to cells.
If incorrectly handled, rechargeable batteries are at •
risk of combustion, explosion, corrosive action and
burns. Suitable extinguishing materials include fi re
blankets, CO2 fi re extinguishers and sand.
Escaped electrolyte is corrosive - do not allow it to •
contact skin or eyes. In an emergency rinse the area
immediately with plenty of clean water before seeking
medical help.
In hermetically sealed spaces such as airtight boats, •
Ni-MH batteries are only of limited suitability, as
hydrogen can escape from the cells (explosion risk).
Good ventilation and cooling are necessary, especially where continuous currents lie above 30 A.
The cells’ air vents must never be blocked or sealed, •
e. g. by solder. When soldering, the iron temperature
should not exceed 220°C, and each joint should be
completed in less than twenty seconds.
To avoid cell deformation, do not exert excessive •
mechanical pressure on battery cells.
If a battery should be accidentally overcharged, use •
the following procedure:
Simply disconnect the battery and leave it on a noninfl ammable surface (e. g. stone fl oor) until it has
cooled down. Never hold the battery in your hand, as
there is a risk that cells might explode.
Always observe the recommended rates for charging •
and discharging.
General information
The capacity of your rechargeable battery diminishes
with every charge / discharge process. Stored batteries
may eventually exhibit reduced capacity.
Storage
Batteries should not be stored in a completely discharged state. Store them in a dry enclosed space at an
ambient temperature of +5°C to +25°C. If you are storing
a battery for a period longer than four weeks, ensure
that the cell voltage does not fall below 1.2 V
Balancing individual battery cells
To balance new battery cells, i. e. to bring them all •
to the same state of charge, charge them at what
is known as the ‘normal’ rate until they are full. As a
general guideline a fully discharged battery needs to
be charged for a period of twelve hours at a current
corresponding to one tenth of the capacity printed on
the cell label (the “1/10C” method). After this treatment all the cells will be fully charged, and exhibit
the same voltage. This method of balancing battery
cells should be repeated after every ten fast-charge
processes, so that the cells are repeatedly balanced;
this helps to ensure an extended useful life for your
batteries.
If you have the facilities to discharge individual cells, •
we recommend that you make use of this before
every charge process. Otherwise the battery pack
should be run down to a discharge voltage of 0.9
V per cell. For example, this equates to a fi nal discharge voltage of 5.4 V for a six-cell pack.
Charging
Ni-MH batteries should only be charged using the specifi ed currents, charge times and temperature range, and
should be supervised constantly when on charge. If you
do not have access to a suitable fast charger, i. e. one
which allows you to set the charge current accurately,
then the battery should always be recharged using the
“normal” charge rate of 1/10C; see the example stated
above.
Wherever possible, transmitter batteries should
always be recharged at the 1/10C rate, in order to
avoid differences in cell states. The charge current
must never exceed the maximum permissible value
stated in the transmitter instructions.
Temperature charging
You can use this method if you have access to a suitable
battery charger with temperature cut-off system, fi tted
with a temperature sensor. However, the battery should
always be taken out of the device beforehand.
Cut-off temperature when charging at 1C: maximum 40
… 50°C.
Never charge to a higher temperature than 60°C, •
and ensure that the temperature sensor has good,
reliable contact with the battery. Check that the correct temperature is displayed, and that the charge
process is terminated at the correct point. For this
reason the temperature sensor should be as small as
possible; if in any doubt, set a cut-off temperature 10
… 15°C lower than stated above.
Note:
Charging to a temperature higher than 45°C causes
a slight reduction in the effective life of the cells.
Never start a new charge process if the battery is •
already or still warm.
Never leave batteries on charge unsupervised.•
Fast charging
The delta peak charge cut-off voltage should be set •
to 10 … 20 mV per cell. Most battery chargers are
set to a fi xed cut-off value of 15 … 20 mV per cell
by default, which makes them suitable for use with
NiCd and Ni-MH batteries. If you are not sure about
this, please refer to the operating instructions supplied with your charger, or ask at your local model
shop whether your charger is also suitable for Ni-MH
packs. If in any doubt, charge your batteries at half
the stated maximum charge current.
It is always best to charge your batteries immediately •
before you plan to use them, as Ni-MH packs only
deliver their optimum performance directly after
charging, i. e. when still warm (40 to 50°C). These
batteries exhibit a high rate of self-discharge, and
quickly lose 10 … 30% of their capacity over just a
few hours. The internal resistance of Ni-MH cells also
rises enormously when they are cold.
Discharging
All rechargeable batteries sold by Graupner and GMRacing are suitable for a maximum continuous current
load of 6C … 13C, according to battery type (refer to the
manufacturer’s specifi cation!). The higher the continuous
current load, the shorter the batteries’ useful life.
Use your battery until its performance falls off, or until •
the low voltage warning is triggered.
Caution:
When stored for a long period, the cell voltage should
not be allowed to fall below 1.2 V. This means that
you may have to recharge the battery before stor-
ing it.
Refl ex charging and charge / discharge (cycle) •
programs shorten the effective life of batteries unnecessarily, and are only suitable for checking battery
quality or “reviving” relatively old cells. It also makes
no sense to charge / discharge a battery before using
it - unless you simply wish to check its quality.
Disposal of exhausted dry and rechargeable batteries
The German Battery Order places a legal requirement
on every consumer to return all used and exhausted
dry cells and rechargeable batteries. It is prohibited to
dispose of these items in the ordinary domestic waste.
At no charge to the user, old dry and rechargeable
batteries can be surrendered at local authority collection points, Graupner retail outlets, and any other shop
where dry and rechargeable batteries of the same type
are sold. You can also send batteries supplied by us to
the following address - with adequate pre-paid postage
- for disposal:
Graupner GmbH & Co. KG
Service: Gebrauchte Batterien (Used batteries)
Henriettenstr. 94 - 96
D-73230 Kirchheim unter Teck
You can make an important contribution to environmen-
tal protection in this way.
Caution:
Damaged batteries may require special packaging before despatch, as some contain highly toxic materials!!!!!
Safety Notes
9
mx-16 the latest generation of radio control technology
HoTT (Hopping Telemetry Transmission) is the synthesis of expertise, engineering and world-wide testing by
professional pilots. The equipment operates on the 2.4
GHz band, and offers bi-directional communication between transmitter and receiver via a down-link channel
integrated into the receiver.
The mx-16 HoTT RC system is based on the Graup-
ner/JR mc-24 computer radio control system which
was introduced back in 1997. It has been developed
specifi cally for the beginner, but the mx-16 HoTT is
still capable of controlling all current model types without problem - whether fi xed-wing model or helicopter,
model boat or car.
In the area of fi xed-wing models and helicopters it is
often necessary to employ complex mixer functions
for the control surfaces or the swashplate actuation
system. Computer technology enables you to activate
a vast range of functions to cope with special model
requirements – just by pressing a button. With the mx-
16 HoTT all you do is select the appropriate model
type, and the software then presents you automatically
with the appropriate mixer and coupling functions. This
means that the transmitter requires no additional modules in order to implement complex coupled functions,
and you can forget all about old-fashioned mechanical
mixers in the model. The mx-16 HoTT provides an
extremely high level of safety and reliability in use.
The mx-16 HoTT offers twenty model memories, each
of which can store model settings for different fl ight
phases. Individual phases can be called up in fl ight
simply by operating a switch, so that you can try out
various settings quickly and without risk. This can be
for test purposes or for varying parameters for different
phases of fl ight.
The large graphic screen makes operating the transmitter a simple, intuitive process. Mixers and other
functions can be displayed in graphic form, and this is
extraordinarily helpful.
The beginner quickly becomes familiar with the different
functions thanks to the clear, logically arranged program structure. Four-way touch-sensitive buttons to left
and right of the high-contrast screen are used to enter
settings, allowing the user to exploit all the options he
needs, in accordance with his experience in handling
radio-controlled models.
In theory the Graupner HoTT process allows more than
200 models to be operated simultaneously. Although in
practice the mixed operation of different technical systems in the 2.4 GHz ISM band – as required by the approval regulations – reduces this number considerably.
Generally, however, it will always be possible to operate
even more models simultaneously on the 2.4 GHz band
than on the 35 / 40 MHz frequency bands which we
have used to date. However, the actual limiting factor –
as it has always been – is likely to remain the size of the
(air-) space available. The simple fact that no frequency
control procedure is necessary equates to an enormous
gain in safety, especially at fl ying sites such as gliding
slopes where groups of pilots may be distributed over a
large area, with nobody in overall control.
The integral Telemetry menu provides a simple means
of accessing data and programming HoTT receivers.
For example, this method can be used to map receiver
outputs, distribute control functions to multiple servos,
and match servo travels and directions to each other.
This manual describes each menu in detail, and also
provides dozens of useful tips, notes and programming
examples to complement the basic information. More
general modelling terms, such as Transmitter controls,
Dual-Rates, Butterfl y (Crow) and many others, are all
explained in the manual.
Please refer to the Appendix for additional information
on the HoTT system. This manual concludes with the
transmitter’s conformity declaration and guarantee
certifi cate.
Please read the safety notes and the technical information. We recommend that you read right through the
instructions with great care, and check all the functions
as described in the text. This can be carried out simply
by connecting servos to the supplied receiver, and
watching their response as you program the transmitter. However, please read the notes on page 20 in this
regard. This is the quickest method of becoming familiar
with the essential procedures and functions of the mx-
16 HoTT.
Always handle your radio-controlled model with a
responsible attitude to avoid endangering yourself and
others.
The Graupner team wishes you great pleasure and success with your mx-16 HoTT - a radio control system of
the latest generation.
Kirchheim-Teck, March 2011
10
Introduction
mx-16 Computer System
Eight-channel radio control set with Graupner HoTT 2.4 GHz technology (Hopping Telemetry Transmission)
Micro-computer radio control system exploiting the •
latest Graupner HoTT 2.4 GHz technology
Bi-directional communication between transmitter •
and receiver
Five different languages•
German and English; subsequent software updates
will offer French, Italian and Spanish.
Ultra-fast response times through direct, ultra-reliable •
data transmission from the main processor to the
2.4 GHz RF module. No additional delay caused by
detours through a module processor.
Telemetry menu for displaying telemetry data, and •
programming receiver outputs and optional sensors.
Telemetry display shows numerous programming and •
analysis functions directly on the transmitter screen.
Speech output can be called up using freely pro-•
grammable switches
User-selectable servo cycle times for digital servos, •
min. 10 ms
Short, folding aerial•
Methods of operation and programming based on the •
proven concepts of the mc-19 to mc-24
High-contrast graphic screen with blue backlighting •
ensures perfect monitoring of set-up parameters,
such as model type, model memory, timers and
Graupner HoTT technology offers extreme reliability
in use, with bi-directional communication between
transmitter and receiver, integrated telemetry,
speech output via earphone socket and ultra-fast
response times.
Simplifi ed programming technology with capacitive
programming touch-buttons.
High-contrast, eight-line graphic screen with blue
backlighting for ultra-clear display of all set-up parameters and telemetry data. Telemetry data is stored
on a micro-SD memory card.
12-bit / 4096-step channel signal resolution for extremely fi ne control characteristics.
USB socket for reading out and saving model memory data, and loading fi rmware updates.
operating voltage.
Function encoder with two four-way touch-sensitive •
buttons for simplifi ed programming and accurate
settings
Key-Lock function to guard against accidental opera-•
tion.
Four programmable fl ight phases•
Twenty model memories, with storage of all model-•
Description of radio control set
11
mx-16 Computer System
Eight-channel radio control set with Graupner HoTT 2.4 GHz technology (Hopping Telemetry Transmission)
specifi c programming and set-up parameters
en switches (two three-way switches, three two-•
Sev
way switches and two momentary switches), plus
three digital controls - already installed and extremely
versatile
Unrestricted assignment of all switches to switched •
functions simply by operating the appropriate switch
Internal real-time clock for dating log fi les•
User-replaceable CR2032 buffer battery for internal •
real-time clock
Storage of model memories using the latest battery-•
free back-up system
Eight control functions with simplifi ed, very conven-•
ient assignment of transmitter controls for auxiliary
functions, such as switches and proportional controls
Convenient mode selector provides simple method •
of changing the stick mode (modes 1 - 4, e. g. throttle
right / throttle left).
When you change modes, all the affected settings
are switched at the same time.
Graphical servo display provides a straightforward •
overview of the servo set-up, and a swift method of
checking servo travels
Receiver output swap•
Comprehensive programs for fi xed-wing model •
aircraft and helicopters:
Fixed-wing menu for: 1 AIL, 2 AIL, 2 AIL + 2 FLAP, V-
tail, delta / fl ying wing, two elevator servos
Fixed-wing mixer: diff aile, diff.fl aps, ail ¼ rudd, ail
¼ fl aps, brake ¼ elev, brake ¼ fl ap, brake ¼ aile,
elev ¼ fl ap, elev ¼ aile, fl ap ¼ elev, fl ap ¼ aile
and diff. reduction
Heli menu: 1-point, 2-point, 3-point and 4-point •
linkages (1 servo, 2 servo, 3sv(2roll), 3sv(140°),
3sv(2nick (pitch-axis)), 4 SV (90°))
Swashplate limiter•
Servo travel adjustment +/- 150% for all servo out-•
puts, variable separately for each side (Single Side
Servo Throw)
Variable sub-trim, range +/- 125%, for adjusting the •
neutral position of all servos
Servo reverse, programmable for all servos•
EXPO / DUAL-RATE system, separately variable, can •
be switched in-fl ight, fl ight phase programmable
Stopwatch / count-down timer with alarm function•
Model memory copy function•
Integral DSC socket for use with fl ight simulators and •
Trainer systems
General features of the HoTT system
Simple, ultra-fast binding of transmitter and receiver•
Multiple receivers can be bound per model for paral-•
lel operation
Extremely fast re-binding, even at maximum range•
Two-receiver satellite operation using special cable •
connection
Range-check and warning function•
Receiver low-voltage warning on transmitter screen•
Ultra-wide receiver operating voltage range: 3.6 V to •
8.4 V (fully operational down to 2.5 V)
Fail-Safe•
Unrestricted channel assignment (channel-mapping), •
mixer functions and all servo settings programmable
in the Telemetry menu
our ser
Up to f
as a block, with a servo cycle time of 10 ms (digital
vos can be actuated simultaneously •
servos only)
Optimised frequency hopping and broad channel •
spread for maximum interference rejection
Intelligent data transmission with corrective function•
Real-time telemetry analysis•
More than 200 systems can be operated simultane-•
ously
Future-proof update capability using USB port•
Description of radio control set
12
Set contents
Order No. 33116:
mx-16 HoTT micro-computer transmitter with integral
4NH-2000 RX RTU fl at-pack Ni-MH transmitter battery (specifi cation reserved), Graupner GR-16 HoTT
bi-directional receiver, switch harness and plug-type
battery charger
Recommended battery chargers (optional)
Suitable for
the following
battery types
Order
No. Description
220 V mains conn.
12 V DC connect.
NiCd
Ni-MH
LiPo
Lead-ac.
6407 Multilader 3 x x x x
6411 Ultramat 8 x x x x x
6425 Twin Charger x x
6427 Multilader 3 x x x x
6455 Multilader 7E x x x x
6463
Ultramat 12 plus
Pocket
xxxxx
6464 Ultramat 14 plus x x x x x x
6466 Ultra Trio plus 14 x x x x x x
6468 Ultramat 16S x x x x x x
6470 Ultramat 18 x x x x x x
Specifi cation, mx
-16 HoTT transmitter
Frequency band 2,4 … 2,4835 GHz
Modulation FHSS
Transmitter power see Country setting, page 115
Control functions Eight functions; four with trims
Temperature range -10 … +55 °C
Aerial folding
Operating voltage 3,4 … 6 V
Current drain approx. 180 mA
Dimensions approx. 190 x 195 x 90 mm
Weight approx. 770 g with transmitter
battery
Integral charge. lead
Accessories
Order No. Description
1121 Neckstrap, 20 mm wide
70 Neckstrap, 30 mm wide
3097 Wind-shield for hand-held transmitter
Trainer leads for mx-16 HoTT:
see page 135
Specifi cation, GR-16 HoTT receiver
Operating voltage 3,6 … 8,4 V
Current drain ca. 70 mA
Frequency band 2,4 … 2,4835 GHz
Modulation FHSS
Aerial Diversity aerials,
2 x approx. 145 mm long,
approx. 115 mm encapsulated and approx. 30 mm
active
Servo sockets 8
Sensor socket 1
Temperature range approx. -15° … +70 °C
Dimensions approx. 46 x 21 x 14 mm
Weight approx. 12 g
To recharge the mx-16iFS system you will also need the transmitter
charge lead, Order No. 3022, and the receiver battery charge lead,
Order No. 3021, unless stated otherwise in the table.
For details of additional battery chargers, and details of the chargers
listed here, please refer to the main Graupner FS catalogue, or our
Internet site at www.graupner.de.
Replacement parts
Order No. Description
2498.4FBEC
4NH-2000 RX RTU, fl at-pack
33800 HoTT transmitter aerial
Description of radio control set
13
Operating Notes
Transmitter power supply
The mx-16 HoTT transmitter is fi tted as standard with
a high-capacity rechargeable 4NH-2000 RX RTU Ni-MH
battery (Order No. 2498.4FBEC) (specifi cation reserved). When delivered, the standard rechargeable
battery is not charged.
When you are using the transmitter you can monitor
the battery voltage on the LCD screen. If the voltage of
the transmitter battery falls below a certain point, you
will hear an audible warning signal. The screen then
displays a message reminding you that the transmitter
battery needs to be recharged.
0:00
0:00
HoTT
0.0V
#01
4.7V
0:22h
stop
battery
needs
charging!!
x
Mx
Always recharge the transmitter battery in good time.
When you see this message, cease operations immediately and recharge the transmitter battery.
Charging the transmitter battery
The rechargeable Ni-MH transmitter battery can be
recharged with the battery charger (Order No. 33116.2)
supplied in the set, using the charge socket located on
the right-hand side of the transmitter. Leave the battery
inside the transmitter for charging, to avoid premature
damage to the internal battery socket.
As an approximate guideline a discharged battery
should be charged for twelve hours at a current corresponding to one tenth of the capacity printed on the
pack. If you are using the standard transmitter battery
and the charger supplied in the set, this current is
Operating Notes
14
200 mA.
The transmitter must be switched “OFF” for the whole
period of the charge process. Never switch on the
transmitter when it is still connected to the charger; even
a very brief interruption in the process can cause the
charge voltage to rise to the point where the transmitter
is immediately damaged. For this reason check carefully
that all connectors are secure, and are making really
good contact.
Polarity of the mx-16 HoTT charge socket
Commercially available battery charge leads produced
by other manufacturers are often made up with the opposite polarity. For this reason it is essential to use only
the genuine Graupner charge lead, Order No. 3022.
Using automatic battery chargers
Although the standard transmitter charge socket is protected against reversed polarity, it is still possible to use
suitable chargers to fast-charge the transmitter battery.
If possible, set the delta peak voltage difference of your
fast charger to a value in the range 10 mV … 20 mV or
equivalent, as described in the charger’s instructions;
this ensures that it is suitable for fast-charging Ni-MH
cells.
First connect the banana plugs on the charge lead
to the charger, and only then connect the other end
of the charge lead to the charge socket on the transmitter. When the charge lead is connected to the
transmitter, never allow the bare ends of the plugs to
touch! To avoid damage to the transmitter, the charge
current must never exceed 1 A. If necessary, limit the
current on the charger itself.
Removing the transmitter battery
To remove the transmitter battery, fi rst disengage the
cover over the battery compartment on the back of the
transmitter, then lift it off:
Remove the battery, then carefully pull on the power
lead to disconnect the transmitter battery connector.
Installing the transmitter battery
Hold the connector attached to the transmitter battery
in such a way that the black or brown wire faces the
aerial, and the unused socket of the battery connector
is on the side facing the bottom, then push the battery
connector onto the three pins projecting out of the inside
of the transmitter, in the direction of the
circuit board. (The battery connector is
protected against reversed polarity by
two chamfered edges; see illustration).
Finally place the battery in the compartment, and close the cover.
Polarity of
transmitter battery
connector
Battery timer, bottom left corner of the screen
This timer displays the cumulative operating time of the
transmitter since the last time the transmitter battery
was charged.
This timer is automatically reset to “0:00” when the
transmitter detects that the voltage of the transmitter
battery is signifi cantly higher than the last time it was
switched on, e. g. as a result of a charge process.
stop
#01
6.1V
0:00h
CR 2032 lithium battery
On the left-hand side of the transmitter circuit board you
will fi nd a holder fi tted with a user-replaceable CR 2032
lithium battery:
The purpose of this battery is to protect the system from
loss of date and time if the transmitter’s power supply is
disconnected; for example, when the transmitter battery
is replaced.
99%
flt
Mx
0:00
0:00
HoTT
0.0V
Operating Notes
15
Operating Notes
Receiver power supply
A wide range of rechargeable four-cell and fi ve-cell NiMH
batteries varying in capacity is available for use as the
receiver power supply. If you are using digital servos we
recommend that you use a fi ve-cell (6 V) pack of generous capacity. If your model is fi tted with a mixture of
digital and analogue servos, it is important to check the
maximum permissible operating voltage of all the types.
The PRX unit, Order No. 4136, provides a stabilised
receiver power supply with a user-variable voltage from
one or two receiver batteries; see Appendix.
For reasons of safety battery boxes or dry cells should
never be used.
The voltage of the airborne power supply is displayed on
the transmitter screen while the model is fl ying:
stop
#01
5.2V
2:22h
If the voltage falls below the pre-set warning threshold -
3.8 Volt as standard, b
see page 126 - a visual and audible low-voltage warning
is triggered.
Nevertheless it is important to check the state of the
batteries at regular intervals. Don’t put off charging
the batteries until the warning signal is triggered.
Note:
Please refer to the main Graupner FS catalogue or visit
the Internet site at www.graupner.de for full details of
batteries, chargers, measuring equipment and battery
monitor units.
51%
flt
M
ut variable in the Telemetry menu;
0:00
0:00
HoTT
5.5V
Charging the receiver battery
The charge lead, Order No. 3021, can be connected
directly to the NC receiver battery for charging. If the
battery is installed in a model and you have installed one
of the following switch harnesses: Order No. 3046, 3934
or 3934.1 or 3934.3, the battery can be charged via the
separate charge socket, or the charge socket which is
built into the switch. The switch on the switch harness
must be left at the “OFF” position for charging.
Polarity of the receiver battery connector
General notes on battery charging
Observe the recommendations provided by the •
charger manufacturer and the battery manufacturer
at all times.
Keep to the maximum permissible charge current •
stated by the battery manufacturer.
The maximum charge current for the transmitter •
battery is 1.5 A. Limit the charge current to this value
on the charger.
If you wish to charge the transmitter battery at a •
current higher than 1.5 A, you must fi rst remove the
pack from the transmitter, otherwise you risk damaging the circuit board through overloading the conductor tracks, and / or overheating the battery.
Carry out a series of test charges to ensure that the •
automatic charge termination circuit works correctly
with your battery. This applies in particular if you
wish to charge the standard Ni-MH battery using an
automatic charger designed for Ni-Cd batteries.
You may need to adjust the Delta Peak trigger volt-•
age, if your charger provides this option.
Do not discharge the battery or carry out a battery •
maintenance program via the integral charge socket.
The charge socket is not suitable for this application.
Always connect the charge lead to the charger fi rst, •
and only then to the transmitter or receiver battery.
Observing this rule eliminates the danger of accidental short-circuits between the bare contacts of the
charge lead plugs.
If the battery becomes hot when on charge, it is time •
to check the pack’s condition. Replace it if necessary,
or reduce the charge current.
Never leave batteries unsupervised when on •
charge.
Environmental protection notes
Important information on the disposal of dry and
rechargeable batteries:
The German Battery Order places a legal requirement
on every consumer to return all used and exhausted
dry cells and rechargeable batteries. It is prohibited to
dispose of these items in the ordinary domestic waste.
At no charge to the user, old dry and rechargeable
batteries can be surrendered at local authority collection points, Graupner retail outlets, and any other shop
where dry and rechargeable batteries of the same type
are sold. You can also send batteries supplied by us to
the following address - with adequate pre-paid postage
- for disposal:
Graupner GmbH & Co. KG
Service: Gebrauchte Batterien (Used batteries)
Henriettenstr. 94 - 96
D-73230 Kirchheim unter Teck
You can make an important contribution to environmen-
tal protection in this way.
Operating Notes
16
Adjusting stick length
Both sticks are infi nitely variable in length over a broad
range, enabling you to set them to suit your personal
preference.
Hold the bottom half of the knurled grip fi rmly, and
unscrew the top section:
Now screw the stick top in or out (shorter or longer) to
the length you prefer before tightening the top and bottom sections against each other to fi x the stick top.
Opening the transmitter case
Please read the following notes carefully before you
open the transmitter. If you have no experience in such
matters, we recommend that you ask your nearest
Graupner Service Centre to carry out the work for you.
The transmitter should only be opened in the following
cases:
When a self-neutralising stick needs to be converted •
to non-neutralising action, or a non-neutralising stick
to a self-neutralising action.
If you wish to adjust the stick centring spring tension.•
Before opening the transmitter check that it is switched
off (move Power switch to “OFF”).
Open the battery compartment and remove the transmitter battery as described on the previous double-page.
After this, use a PH1-size cross-point screwdriver to
undo the six screws recessed into the back panel of the
transmitter, as shown in the illustration:
Arrangement of the case back screws
Hold the two case sections together with your hand, and
turn the unit over to allow these six screws to fall out
onto the table. Now carefully raise the case back and
fold it open to the right, as if you were opening a book.
C A U T I O N
Two multi-core cables connect the lower shell to the
transmitter electronics located in the top section.
Please take great care not to damage this cable!
Important:
Do not modify the transmitter circuit in any way, •
as this invalidates your guarantee and offi cial approval for the system.
Do not touch any part of the circuit boards with •
any metal object. Avoid touching the contacts
with your fi ngers.
Never switch the transmitter on while the case is •
open.
Please note the following points when closing the
transmitter:
Make sure that no cables are jammed between the •
transmitter case sections when you close the back.
Check that the two case sections fit together flush all •
round before fitting the retaining screws. Never force
the two case components together.
Fit the case screws in the existing threads, and tight-•
en them gently. Over-tightening them will strip the
threads in the plastic.
Operating Notes
17
Operating Notes
Do not touch trans-
mitter circuit board
Do not touch trans-
mitter circuit board
Left-hand stick unit
Right-hand stick unit
Folding aerial
Converting the dual-axis stick units
Self-centring action
Either or both sticks can be converted from self-neutralising to non self-neutralising action: start by opening the
transmitter as described on the previous page.
If you wish to change the standard stick unit arrangement, start by locating the screw on the left-hand stick
unit shown circled in white in the photo below.
Self-centring screw
Brake springs
Adjuster screws
Right-hand stick unit
Charge socket
User-replaceable CR2032 lithium
cell, acting as buffer battery for the
integral real time clock
mitter circuit board
Do not touch trans-
Do not touch trans-
mitter circuit board
Adjuster screws for stick centring force
Left-hand stick unit
Memory card slot
Note:
The right-hand stick unit is of mirror-image construction,
i. e. the screw you require is located on the right, below
centre.
Self-centring screw
Brake springs
Adjuster screws
Turn this screw clockwise until the stick on that side
moves freely from one end-stop to the other; alternatively unscrew it until the stick is fully self-centring again.
Operating Notes
18
horizontal
vertical
Brake spring and ratchet
You can alter the braking force of the stick by adjusting
the outer of the two screws circled in white in the next
picture; adjusting the inner screw alters the strength of
the ratchet:
Note:
The right-hand stick unit is of mirror-image construction,
i. e. the screw you require is located on the right, below
centre.
Stick centring force
The centring force of the sticks is also variable to suit
your preference. The adjustment system is located
adjacent to the centring springs; see the white circles in
the following photo.
You can set the preferred centring spring force by rotating the corresponding adjuster screw using a cross-point
screwdriver:
Turn to the right = harder spring tension;•
Turn to the left = softer spring tension.•
vertical
horizontal
Note:
The right-hand stick unit is of mirror-image construction,
i. e. the screw you require is located on the right, below
centre.
Operating Notes
19
Description of transmitter
Transmitter controls
Attaching the transmitter neckstrap
You will fi nd a strap lug mounted in the centre of the
front face of the mx-16 HoTT transmitter, as shown in
the drawing on the right. This lug is positioned in such a
way that the transmitter is perfectly balanced even when
suspended from a neckstrap.
Order No. 1121 Neckstrap, 20 mm wide
Order No. 70 Neckstrap, 30 mm wide
Important note:
In the transmitter’s standard form any servos connected
to the receiver can initially only be operated using the
dual-axis sticks. For maximum fl exibility, all the other
transmitter controls (CTRL 6 ... 8, SW 1 ... 9) are “free”
in software terms, and can be assigned to any channels
you like, enabling you to set up the system to suit your
personal preference or the requirements of a particular
model. This is carried out in the “contr set.” menu, as
described on pages 74 (fi xed-wing models) and 76
(model helicopters).
Description of transmitter
20
Aerial with folding / rotating base
Rotary proportional control CTRL 7
2-position switch SW 8
3-position switch SW 4/5
2-position momentary
switch SW 1
Rotary proportional
control CTRL 6
Left-hand stick
Tr im
ON / OFF switch
Left-hand touch-button
Central Status LED
Neckstrap lug
Rotary proportional control CTRL 8
Carry handle
2-position switch SW 9
2-position switch SW 1
3-possition switch SW 6/7
2-position switch SW 3
Right-hand stick
Tr im
Right-hand touch-button
LCD screen
Data socket for connecting
Smart-Box, Order No. 33700
DSC socket for connecting
fl ight simulators and for Teacher
mode
Case screw
Case screw
Case screw
Earphone / headphone socket
Five-pin mini-USB socket for
connecting transmitter to a PC
Case screw
Headphone socket
The central socket at the bottom edge of the back panel
name plate is intended for connecting a standard commercial earphone or headphones fi tted with a 3.5 mm
barrel plug (not included in the set).
Signals and voice messages associated with the Telemetry menu are generated via this socket, as are
the transmitter’s audible signals. The default language
for speech output is German. For more information on
this please refer to “Voice messages” in the “HIDDEN
MODE” section starting on page 26, and the “Telemetry” section starting on page 130.
The volume of the headphone output can be adjusted in
the “Voice volume” line of the “General Settings” menu;
see page 115.
mini-USB socket
This socket can be used to connect the transmitter to
a PC running Windows XP, Vista or 7. The software
required at the PC, including a suitable USB driver, can
be found in the Download section for that product at
www.graupner.de.
Once you have installed the software required, you can
update the transmitter via this connection as and when
required, or simply set the correct date and time of day.
Transmitter battery
charge socket
Case screw
Battery compartment cover
Case screw
Data socket
For connecting the optional Smart-Box, Order No. 33700.
For more details about the Smart-Box please refer to the
main Graupner FS catalogue, or refer to that product on
the Internet at www.graupner.de.
Description of transmitter
21
DSC
Direct Servo Control
The original function of this socket was for “Direct Servo
Control”, and that’s why the abbreviation is still in use.
However, for technical reasons “direct servo control” is
no longer possible with the HoTT system using a diagnosis lead.
The mx-16 HoTT transmitter’s standard two-pole DSC
socket is now used as a Trainer (buddy box) socket
(Teacher or Pupil), and as an interface for fl ight simulators.
For the DSC connection to work you must check the
following:
Carry out any adjustments required in the appropri-1.
ate menus:
See page 132 for information on setting up the mx-
16 HoTT transmitter to work as part of a Trainer system.
ALWAYS2. leave the transmitter’s On / Off switch in
the “OFF” position when using a fl ight simulator, and
when using the mx-16 HoTT transmitter as a Pu-
pil unit in a Trainer system, for only in this position is
the RF section of the transmitter module switched off
(no RF signal) even when the DSC lead is plugged
in. At the same time the transmitter’s current drain is
reduced slightly.
The central Status LED should now glow a constant red, and the abbreviation “DSC” appears in the
transmitter’s base display on the left, below the model number. At the same time the display of telemetry
symbols is suppressed:
PUPIL
#11
DSC
6.0V
0:01h
The transmitter is now ready for use.
In contrast, when the mx-
Teacher mode, the transmitter must be switched on
before the appropriate cable is plugged in.
3. Connect the other end of the connecting lead to
the appropriate apparatus, taking into account the
operating instructions supplied with that device.
Important:
Ensure that all connectors are fi rmly seated in
their sockets.
Note regarding fl ight simulators:
The range of fl ight simulators available commercially
is now very wide, and you may fi nd that it is necessary
to swap over certain contacts at the barrel connector
or the DSC module. This work must be carried out by a
Graupner Service Centre.
99%
stop
flt
16 HoTT is used in
0:00
0:00
HoTT
Data storage
Card slot
micro-SD and micro-SDHC
When you switch off the mx-16 HoTT transmitter and
remove the battery compartment cover, you will see the
card slot for memory cards (of the micro-SD and microSDHC type) in the right-hand side of the compartment:
Any standard commercial micro-SD memory card with a
capacity of up to 2 GB can be used, and also any microSDHC card of up to 32 GB. However, the manufacturer
recommends the use of memory cards with capacities
up to only 4 GB, as these are completely adequate in all
normal circumstances.
The memory cards for which the transmitter is intended
are familiar from their use in digital cameras and mobile
telephones. Place the card in the slot with the contacts
facing up, towards the back panel, and push it in until it
locks. Re-install the battery and close the battery compartment; the transmitter can now be switched on again.
The base display shows a stylised memory card symbol
to indicate that a memory card is present:
Description of transmitter
22
stop
#01
5.2V
3:33h
Data recording / storage
The process of saving data on the SD card is coupled to
the fl ight timer: if the timer is started, then data saving
commences - provided that a suitable memory card is in
the card slot - and ceases again when the fl ight timer is
stopped. The fl ight timer is started and stopped as described in the “Timers” section on page 59 for fi xed-wing
models, and pages 67 and 68 for model helicopters.
When data is being recorded, the card symbol
fl ashes constantly and slowly.
When data is being written to the memory card, the
memory card symbol swells from left to right to indicate
the process.
When a data storage process is concluded, you will fi nd
an (empty) “Models” folder and a “Log-Data” folder on
the memory card. The latter contains the log fi les, stored
in sub-folders named “Model name”, using the format
0001 Year-Month-Day.bin, 0002 Year-Month-Day.bin etc.
However, if a model memory has not yet been named,
then you will fi nd the associated log fi les in a sub-folder
named “NoName” when you remove the memory card
from the transmitter and insert it in the card slot of a PC
or laptop. The data can subsequently be analysed on a
compatible PC using the PC program available on the
Download page for the transmitter at www.graupner.de.
50%
flt
M
0:00
0:00
HoTT
5.5V
Importing voice fi les
As mentioned in the “Headphone socket” section on
page 21, the signals associated with the Telemetry
menu and voice messages can be generated via this
socket, in addition to the transmitter’s audible signals.
These voice messages are collected in a voice package
and stored in the transmitter’s internal memory, but they
can be replaced by a voice package in another language
at any time. For more information on this please refer to
the “HIDDEN MODE” section starting on page 26.
Importing and exporting model memories
Any model memories can be copied onto a memory
card in the transmitter, or copied from the card into the
transmitter, so that you can exchange data between
identical transmitters, and also back up your data. For
more information please see the “Model memories”
section starting on page 52.
Note:
Some of the special characters used in certain model
names cannot be accepted due to specifi c limitations
of the FAT or FAT32 fi le system used by memory cards.
During the copy process they are replaced by a tilde (~)
character.
Description of transmitter
23
Screen and keypad
Visual display of the trim lever positions; alternatively - if rotary controls CTRL 7 … 9 are operated - display of the current
settings of these two controls
Model name
Model memory 1 … 20
Left-hand touch-key
ef cd leaf through
ef pressed briefl y together:
switches to Servo display
menu
ESC = interrupt / back
ESC touched for about three
seconds;
T
back to the base display
Batter
(If voltage falls below a particular level, a warning display
appears - see pictures on right-hand page; at the same time
a warning signal is emitted.)
Switches to the
elemetry menu, and
y voltage and charge state in %
Model type display
(fi xed-wing / helicopter)
See page 28 for possible warnings
Stopwatch in min:sec
(count-up / count-down)
Flight phase name
Switching between
fl ight phases using switch
Flight timer in min:sec
(count-up / count-down)
Right-hand touch-key
ef cd
leaf through / alter values
SET Select / Confi rm
Simultaneous brief press of
ef or cd = CLEAR
Receiver power supply voltage
Battery operating time since
last battery charge, in hr:min
Description of transmitter - screen and keypad
24
Signal strength indicator
Operating the “Data Terminal”
Input buttons ESC, SET, CLEAR,
symbols
On-screen telemetry symbols
The active model memory is not yet “bound”
Not fl ashing: RF switched off at transmitter
Flashing aerial symbol:
The last receiver bound to the active model is
inactive, or out of range
>M x No telemetry signal detected
Signal strength display
>M
Display of Pupil signal strength on the Teacher
>P
transmitter’s screen.
Buttons to the left of the screen
ESC• button
A brief press on the ESC
step within the function select system, taking you
ight back to the basic display. If you make a change
r
in the meantime, the change is retained.
If touched for about three seconds in the base display, ESC opens and closes the Telemetry menu.
uttons • ef cd
Arrow b
A brief press on one of these buttons allows you 1.
to leaf through lists, such as the Model Select or
Multi-Function list, always moving in the direction
of the arrow; the arrow buttons are also used to
move through menu lines within menus.
A brief simultaneous press of the 2. ef buttons
switches from the base transmitter display, and
from almost any menu position, into the “Servo
display” menu.
button returns you step by
Buttons to the right of the screen
SET• button
Starting from the base screen displa
pears when you switch the transmitter on - a brief
press of the SET button takes you to the multifunction menus
menu using the SET button.
Within the set-up menus you can activate (con-2.
fi rm) and disable the corresponding set-up fi elds
with a brief press of the SET button.
uttons • ef cd
Arrow b
1. “Leafs through” the multi-function menu and the
menu lines within the set-up menus, in the same
manner as the left-hand touch-key’s arrow buttons.
2. Selects and adjusts parameters in set-up fi elds after you have activated them by briefl y pressing
the SET button; the buttons fc and ed are
assigned the same function in each case
makes absolutely no difference which of the two
buttons you use.
3. A brief simultaneous press of the cd or ef
buttons resets an altered parameter value in the
active input fi eld to the default value (CLEAR).
Notes:
It is not the contact with the touch-key itself that trig-•
gers the corresponding action, but the cessation of
the touch.
If you switch the transmitter off and then immediate-•
ly on again, you may fi nd that the touch-keys have
no effect. This is not a fault! Switch the transmitter off
again, and wait a few seconds before switching it on
once more.
. You can also call up a selected
y - as it ap-1.
, i.
e. it
Short-Cuts
You can call up particular menus or options directly using the following button combinations:
CLEAR•
A brief simultaneous press of the cd or ef but-
tons of the right-hand touch-key resets an altered parameter value in the active input fi eld to the default
value.
“• Servo display”
A brief simultaneous press of the ef buttons of the
left-hand touch-key switches from the transmitter’s
base display, and from almost any menu position, to
the “Servo display”, menu; see page 113.
“• Telemetry”
Press the central ESC button of the left-hand touch-
e
y for about three seconds at the transmitter’s base
k
display; see section starting on page 117.
“• HIDDEN MODE”
(language selection and contrast)
Simultaneously press the arrow buttons cd of the
left-hand touch-key AND the central SET button of
ight-hand touch-k
the r
Input lock•
Can be activated and disabled at the transmitter’s basic display by simultaneously holding the ESC and
SET buttons pressed in for about two seconds.
ey; see next page.
Description of transmitter - screen and keypad
25
HIDDEN MODE
Language selection and screen contrast
The “HIDDEN MODE” (VERSTECKTER MODUS) menu
of the mx-16 HoTT transmitter can be accessed from
virtually any menu position by holding the arrow buttons
cd of the left-hand touch-key and the SET button of
the right-hand touch-k
seconds this display appears:
¿VERSTECKTER MODUS¿
KONTRAST
SPRACHE
ANSAGEN
CONTRAST
In the “CONTRAST” (KONTRAST) line you can adjust
the screen contrast to suit your preference by briefl y
pressing the central SET button of the right-hand
touch-k
y, as described in full on page 114 / 115. With a
e
second brief press of the SET or ESC button you return
to the line select point.
In the …
LANGUAGE
… (SPRACHE) line below it, which you can access by
briefl y pressing the arrow button d of the left-hand
or right-hand touch-key, you can select your preferred
language.
¿VERSTECKTER MODUS¿
KONTRAST
SPRACHE
ANSAGEN
ey pressed in; after about three
0
DEUTSCH
DEUTSCH
0
DEUTSCH
DEUTSCH
Activate the value fi eld by pressing the central SET button of the right-hand touch-key:
¿VERSTECKTER MODUS¿
KONTRAST
SPRACHE
ANSAGEN
0
DEUTSCH
DEUTSCH
Now replace the default language “DEUTSCH” (German) with your preferred language using the arrow
buttons of the right-hand touch-key. For example:
¿ HIDDEN MODE ¿
CONTRAST
LANGUAGE
VOICE
0
ENGLISH
DEUTSCH
If you change the language, all the settings stored in the
transmitter are retained in full. When this manual went to
press, the following two languages were available:
German•
English•
The languages French, Italian and Spanish will be made
available later on the Download page of the transmitter
at www.graupner.de in the form of an update.
VOICE MESSAGES
As mentioned in the “Headphone socket” section on
page 21, the signals associated with the Telemetry
menu and voice messages can be generated via this
socket, in addition to the transmitter’s audible signals.
The default language for these messages is German.
These voice messages are collected in a voice package
and stored in the transmitter’s internal memory, but they
can be replaced by a voice package in another language
at any time.
When this manual went to press, the following languages were available:
German•
English•
The languages French, Italian and Spanish will be made
available later on the Download page of the transmitter
at www.graupner.de in the form of additional voice fi les.
The active voice package can be replaced using either
the PC program which can be found on the transmitter’s
Download page at ww.graupner.de, or using an SD card,
as described below.
Preparation
If you have not already done so, insert your SD or
SDHC card in the transmitter, as described on page 22.
When you switch the transmitter on, it immediately creates a “VoiceFile” folder on the memory card.
Remove the prepared memory card from the transmitter,
and insert it in a suitable card reader. Connect this to
your PC or laptop, and copy the voice package, typically
“voice_gb.vdf”, into this folder; this is the fi le which you
previously downloaded from the transmitter’s Download
page. Remove the memory card from the card reader,
and insert it in the transmitter once more. Switch the
transmitter on with RF switched off:
RF ON/OFF?
ON OFF
Description of transmitter
26
Changing the language
Use the arrow buttons of the left or right-hand touch-key
to move to the “VOICE” line:
¿ HIDDEN MODE ¿
CONTRAST
LANGUAGE
VOICE
0
ENGLISH
DEUTSCH
Activate voice output by pressing the central SET button
of the right-hand touch-key:
¿ HIDDEN MODE ¿
CONTRAST
LANGUAGE
VOICE
0
ENGLISH
DEUTSCH
Now use the arrow buttons of the right-hand touch-key
to replace the default language “DEUTSCH” (German)
with the language of your choice. For example:
¿ HIDDEN MODE ¿
CONTRAST
LANGUAGE
VOICE
0
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
¿ HIDDEN MODE ¿
CONTRAST
LANGUAGE
VOICE
22/100%
0
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
I
The loading process is fi nished when the progress bar
at the bottom edge of the screen disappears:
¿ HIDDEN MODE ¿
CONTRAST
LANGUAGE
VOICE
0
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
Finally switch the transmitter off to conclude the procedure.
All the settings stored in the transmitter are retained in
full even after you have switched languages.
Notes:
If the warning message …•
RF
MUST BE
OFF
OK
SD-CARD
INSERT
OK
… appears, then there is no memory card in the card
slot, or the card cannot be read.
If the war
ning …•
MISSING
IMPORT
DATA
OK
… appears, then there is no suitable voice fi le on the
SD card you have inserted.
Confi rm your selection by briefl y pressing the central
SET button of the right-hand touch-key again: the
selected voice package is now loaded into the transmitter’s memory:
… appears, then the transmitter’s RF section is still
active. Switch this section off in the “RF module” line
of the “Basic settings” menu, and repeat the procedure.
If the warning …•
Description of transmitter
27
battery
needs
charging
throttle
too
high !
Warnings
Warnings
BIND N/A
OK
RF ON/OFF?
ON
fail safe
setup
t.b.d
MISSING
IMPORT
DATA
OK
OFF
“Binding not present”
No receiver is bound to the
currently active model memory. A brief touch of the SET
button tak
es you directly to the
corresponding option.
Do you want the RF signal to
be “ON”
or “OFF?
Battery must be charged
Operating voltage too low
Fail-Safe not yet set up
No suitable voice fi les found
on the memory card
CAN‘T
RECEIVE
DATA
OK
no
student
signal
SD-CARD
INSERT
OK
No bound receiver in range.
No connection between
Teacher and Pupil tr
ansmitters
No SD or SDHC memory card
in the card slot, or card cannot
be read.
TRAINER
Wireless Link
INHACT
A “wireless Trainer connection” was used before the
transmitter w
as last switched off; do you wish that con-
nection to be continued (ACT), or switched OFF (INH)?
On-screen function fi elds
SEL, STO, SYM, ASY, ,
The bottom line of the screen displays function fi elds
which vary according to the menu selected.
SEL STO SYM ASY
The function fi elds are activated by touching the SET
button.
Function fi elds
SEL• select
STO• store (e. g. transmitter control position)
SYM• adjust values symmetrically
ASY• adjust values asymmetrically
• Switch symbol fi eld
(assigning switches of all kinds)
• Switch to second page (next menu)
within a menu
28
The throttle stick (or helicopter
limiter) is set too far in the
direction of full-throttle
Request to switch off the RF
RF
MUST BE
OFF
OK
section
(voice fi les can only be loaded
with the RF section switched
off)
Description of transmitter
Position display
Rotary proportional controls CTRL 7 and 8
As soon as you operate one of the two rotary controls
CTRL 7 + 8 on the centre console, a small symbol appears to the right of the tw
At the same time the position display of the two central
vertical bars switches for the duration of the actuation
from the display of the current trim position to the current position of the rotary controls CTRL 7 + 8.
As you would expect, the left-hand bar represents the
position of the left-hand rotary control CTRL 7, and the
right-hand bar refl ects the position of CTRL 8 (however,
both horizontal bars continue to show the current position of the corresponding transmitter stick trim levers):
#01
5.2V
3:33h
o vertical position indicators:
stop
flt
50%
M
0:00
0:00
HoTT
Input lock
To prevent programming errors, it is possible to lock
the touch-keys, and with them access to all the set-up
options, from the base display of the mx-16 HoTT
transmitter by touching the ESC and SET buttons for
about two seconds.
symbol at the centre point of the trim bars:
#01
5.2V
3:33h
The lock is immediately active, but the control system
remains ready for use.
Touching the ESC and SET buttons again for about two
seconds disengages the lock: the ne
the transmitter on, the lock is also disengaged.
This is indicated by an inverted key
stop
flt
50%
M
0:00
0:00
HoTT
5.5V
xt time you switch
About two seconds after you cease operating one of the
two rotary controls, the screen reverts to a display of the
current position of the four trim levers for the two dualaxis stick units.
Description of transmitter
29
Using the transmitter for the fi rst time
Preliminary notes regarding the mx-16 HoTT transmitter
For more information please visit our Internet site at www.graupner.de
Preliminary notes
In theory the Graupner HoTT system permits the simultaneous operation of more than 200 models.
However, in practice the mixed operation of different
technical systems in the 2.4 GHz ISM band - as required
by the approval regulations - reduces this number
considerably. Generally, however, it will always be possible to operate even more models simultaneously on
the 2.4 GHz band than on the 35 / 40 MHz frequency
bands which we have used to date. However, the actual
limiting factor - as it has always been - is likely to remain
the size of the (air-) space available. The simple fact that
no frequency control procedure is necessary - a great
convenience in itself - equates to an enormous gain in
safety, especially at fl ying sites where groups of pilots
may be distributed over a large area, with nobody in
overall control.
Battery charged?
When you take receipt of your transmitter, the battery
will be in the discharged state, so you must fi rst charge
it as described on page 14. If you do not do this, the
battery will soon fall below the
pre-set threshold voltage, and
you will see and hear a warning signal to remind you to
recharge it.
Switching the transmitter on
When you switch the transmitter on, the following display
appears in the centre of the transmitter screen for about
two seconds:
RF ON/OFF?
ON
OFF
Using the transmitter for the fi rst time
30
battery
needs
charging
Within this period you can switch off the RF signal if
required by moving the black fi eld to the right using the
c or f arrows of the right-hand touch-key; when you
do this, ON should appear normal, and OFF in inverse
lack background).
form (b
You can now switch the RF module off by briefl y pressing the central SET b
Until this point the central LED glowed blue, but it now
changes to red, and at the same time the screen switches to the transmitter’s base display:
#01
50%
5.2V
0:33h
The symbol combination means that the currently
active model memory is already “bound” to a Graupner
HoTT receiver, but there is currently no connection with
this receiver. (In our example we - of course - switched
off the RF signal!)
In contrast, if you switch the transmitter on without
switching off the RF signal, the central LED glows an
intense blue, and the symbolic transmitter mast fl ashes.
At the same time the transmitter emits an audible warning until a connection is made with the corresponding
receiver. Once this connection exists, a fi eld strength
indicator appears instead of the “x” at the base of the
symbolic aerial, for example
audible warnings cease.
RF ON/OFF?
ON OFF
utton of the right-hand touch-key.
stop
flt
M
, and the visual and
0:00
0:00
HoTT
0.0V
At the right of the same line a display in the same format
appears when a telemetry connection is made, showing
the strength of the telemetry signal picked up from the
receiver (>M
receiver power supply.
However, if the symbol combination
the central LED glows a constant red, the currently active model memory is not “bound” to any receiver.
Low-voltage warning
If the transmitter voltage falls below a particular value,
a visual and audible low-voltage warning is generated.
The default value is 4.7 V, but this can be varied in the
“General Settings” menu (page 114).
Firmware update
Firmware updates for the transmitter are carried out at
the owner’s discretion using the fi ve-pin mini-USB port
on the back of the transmitter, in conjunction with a PC
running Windows XP, Vista or 7. Be sure to back up all
stored model memories before carrying out the update, so that you can restore the data if necessary.
The latest software and information can be found in the
Download section for the corresponding product at www.
graupner.de.
Note:
Once you have registered your transmitter at http://
graupner.de/de/service/produktregistrierung you will
automatically be informed of new updates by e-mail as
they become available.
Any standard commercial USB lead with a fi ve-pin miniUSB plug at the transmitter end can be used to connect
the transmitter to the PC; a typical example is that supplied with the interface, Order No. 7168.6.
) together with the actual voltage of the
appears, and
Loading...