FH16-D
Flow heaters
Operating instructions
Type: FH16 - D
Flow Heaters
CONTENTS
1 Safety 4
2 Installation 5
2.1 Unpacking 5
2.2 Assembly 5
2.2.1 Open tanks 5
2.2.2 Closed systems 5
2.2.3 Low volume 5
2.2.4 Low flow rates 5
2.2.5 Working below room temperature 5
2.2.6 Temperature sensors 5
3 Operation 6
3.1 Controls and indicator lamps 6
3.1.1 Power 6
3.1.2 Power lamp 6
3.1.3 Heater lamp 6
3.1.4 Temperature display 7
3.1.5 Set temperature knob 7
3.1.6 Alarm lamp 7
3.1.7 Set overtemperature knob 7
3.2 Filling 7
3.3 Switching on and setting up 8
3.3.1 Connecting to supply 8
3.3.2 Setting the temperature 8
3.3.3 Over temperature cut-out 8
4 Accessories 8
4.1 FC1 8
4.2 BS15 9
4.3 Pipe insulation PF2 9
4.4 Remote temperature probes 9
4.4.1 FF16 9
4.4.2 LL16 9
5 Fault diagnosis 9
6 Technical specification 10
7 Maintenance and service 10
7.1 Cleaning 10
7.2 Fuses 11
8 Guarantee 11
9 Service 11
Part No: 15630/Issue 3 Page March 2003
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Flow Heaters
1 Safety
The following symbols marked on the equipment mean:-
Caution: Read these operating instructions fully before use and pay particular attention to
sections containing this symbol
Caution: Surfaces can become hot during use.
Always observe the following safety precautions
• Use only as specified by the operating instructions, or the intrinsic protection may be impaired.
• After transport or storage in humid conditions, dry out the unit before connecting it to the supply
voltage. During drying out the intrinsic protection may be impaired.
• Connect only to a power supply with a voltage corresponding to that on the serial number label.
• Connect only to a power supply which provides a safety earth (ground) terminal.
• Before moving, disconnect at the power supply socket.
• Do not check the temperature by touch, use the temperature display or a thermometer.
• To reduce the risk of eye injury during high temperature operation, use safety goggles or
• Do not touch surfaces which become hot during high temperature operation.
• Ensure that the operating temperature is less than the maximum operating temperature of liquid
• Set the adjustable overtemperature cut-out after setting or changing the set temperature, and
• Ensure that the mains switch is easily accessible during use.
• Do not block or restrict ventilation slots.
• If liquid is spilt inside the unit, disconnect it from the power supply and have it checked by a
• It is the user’s responsibility to carry out appropriate decontamination if hazardous material is
• Do not connect to a power supply or switch on before filling the system.
• Take care when topping up or draining, as the liquid in the system may be very hot or cold.
• If the alarm lamp is illuminated do not touch the liquid it may be very hot. Refill carefully, a hot
• Always use a lid or polypropylene spheres when operating above 60°C. Take care when raising
• Drain before moving the unit. Before draining allow the liquid to cool to below 50°C.
• Use only liquids specified in the operating instructions, within the specified temperature range. If
• When pumping to external apparatus, always use connecting pipe or hose suitable for the
• To prevent excessive pressure occurring during closed loop circulation, fill the system to a
• Do not disconnect any pipes or hoses while they contain very hot or cold liquid.
spectacles.
in the system.
reset it at monthly intervals to check that the cut-out is operating correctly.
competent person.
spilt on or inside the equipment.
heater can cause a spattering of very hot water droplets and scalding steam.
and removing the lid, it may be hot. Steam and hot vapours can cause scalding.
the alarm lamp is illuminated the liquid temperature may be above its recommended maximum:
do not inhale the vapours given off as they may be toxic; liquids should be safely discarded and
replaced.
operating temperature and liquid used, and check that the pipe connections are secure.
maximum of 95% of the total volume, to allow for liquid expansion.
Part No: 15630/Issue 3 Page March 2003
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Flow Heaters
2 Installation
2.1 Unpacking
Remove packing materials carefully, and retain for future shipment or storage of the unit.
Packs should contain:
Flow heater
Operating instruction
2.2 Assembly
2.2.1 Open tanks
Connect the outlet pipe of FH to the input pipe at the bottom of the tank. Return to the FH from
the top of the tank. Fill the tank, then fill the flow heater and tubing from a low pressure water
supply or with a hand syphon pump. Disconnect the supply tubing under water to avoid letting air
into the system.
2.2.2 Closed systems (BS15 cannot be used)
Fit a T-connection and a tap at the highest and lowest accessible points of the system. Fill
through the lower tap from a low pressure water supply or with a hand syphon pump; clear air
through the upper tap. Close the taps and switch on. Trapped air in the liquid can cause
damage to the pump and reduce the flow rate. Ensure that all hose clips are tight or air may be
drawn in at the joints. To clear air from the liquid, switch the circulator on and off at 15 second
intervals. Repeat until no bubbles of air are seen to come out of liquid in the pipes and pump
runs quietly.
To prevent excessive pressures occurring when circulating liquid in any closed loop system,
allowances for the expansion of the liquid with temperature must be made. Therefore the system
should not be filled to more than 95% of its total volume, thus leaving 5% for expansion at the
top of the system.
2.2.3 Low volume
If the volume of liquid within the system is low, less than one litre, temperature control can be
improved by adding an insulated reservoir between the flow heater output and the external
apparatus.
2.2.4 Low flow rates
Use a BS15 bypass if the external apparatus has restrictions which reduce the flow rate below
two litres per minute; connect the upper large pipe (15mm outside diameter) on the BS15 to the
flow heater outlet and the lower to the inlet. Connect the small pipes (6 mm outside diameter)) to
the external apparatus. Fill by removing the top cap and filling through the small header/vent
tank. Remove air as above, keeping BS15 the full by adding liquid as necessary.
2.2.5 Working below room temperature
When a BS15 bypass is used, connect the flow cooler between the BS15 and the FH inlet.
FC1 water cooled flow cooler can be used for temperatures down to 15°C above tap water.
2.2.6 FH16 - D external temperature sensor
Use for improved control in external apparatus. Control is assumed by the external sensor when
it is plugged in to the socket. The tip of the external sensor should always be immersed at least
25mm in the circulating liquid. Position the sensor at the point in the system at which optimum
control is required.
Part No: 15630/Issue 3 Page March 2003
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3 Operation
Flow Heaters
Set overtemperature cutout
Temperature control
Figure 1 (front view)
Inlet pipe Mains lead Outlet pipe
3.1 Controls and indicator lamps
Figure 2 (rear view)
Probe socket Mains switch
3.1.1 Power
The power (mains) switch is located on the front panel. The switch is illuminated when the
power is ON.
If the unit does not come on, check whether the "alarm" lamp is illuminated (see 3.1.6).
3.1.2 Power lamp
The power lamp on the front panel indicates that the mains power supply is on.
3.1.3 Heater lamp
The heater lamp (orange) on the front panel indicates when the heater is on. While the liquid is
warming up, the lamp is on continuously, and it starts to flash as the temperature reaches set
point. When the unit is controlling at set temperature it flashes intermittently.
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Flow Heaters
3.1.4 Temperature display
Digital units
The temperature display normally shows the temperature in °C of liquid being controlled. It
displays set temperature when the push to set °C knob is pressed.
Analogue units
The set temperature is indicated on the dial.
3.1.5 Set temperature knob
Digital units
Push to set °C
Press knob to change display from liquid temperature to set temperature, and at the same time
rotate the knob to set the required operating temperature.
Analogue units
Turn the set temperature knob to required temperature.
3.1.6 Alarm lamp
The alarm lamp (red) on the front panel illuminates when the over temperature cut-out has
operated.
When the alarm lamp is illuminated, first check the liquid level and refill if necessary, press the
overtemperature cut-out button to reset the cut-out. If the alarm lamp does not go out, set
overtemperature as described in 3.3.
3.1.7 Set overtemperature knob
Set overtemperature (push to reset) control. The cut-out operating temperature is adjustable. If
the liquid temperature rises above the cut-out set temperature the heater and stirrer are switched
off. The cut-out is re-set by pressing the knob.
Digital units
The front of the knob has a hole through which adjustment can be made with a screwdriver.
Analogue units
The control knob can be adjusted with fingers.
3.2 Filling
Before filling the bath, disconnect the mains power supply.
When the system is fully loaded, fill to the correct level (see 2.2.2).
+5 to 80°C Water, recommended temperature range.
Use a lid or polypropylene spheres above 60°C to reduce evaporation and
heat loss when operating with an open load.
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Flow Heaters
3.3 Switching on and setting up
3.3.1 Connection to supply
Connect the inlet and outlet pipes to your external circuit.
Connect the control unit to a grounded (earthed) electrical power supply with voltage and
frequency within the range specified on the serial number plate.
DO NOT SWITCH ON BEFORE FILLING THE SYSTEM.
Running with no liquid in the pump can destroy the pump
Before switching on for the first time, turn the set overtemperature control fully clockwise. Press
Switch the power on and check that the power lamp is illuminated.
3.3.2 Setting temperature
Press the push to set °C knob and rotate to set the required operating temperature.
Wait until the liquid temperature has stabilised at the operating temperature.
the knob to ensure that it is reset.
3.3.3 Over-temperature cut-out
After the temperature has stabilised at the required set temperature, adjust the set
overtemperature control as follows:
Turn the control anticlockwise, using a screwdriver, until the alarm lamp comes on. Press the
knob to reset it and turn slowly clockwise until the alarm lamp goes out. This gives an
overtemperature trip point of approximately 30°C above set temperature.
If a trip temperature nearer to the set temperature is required, note the position of the set
overtemperature control at the points where the alarm lamp comes on and where it goes off.
Then turn the control anticlockwise three quarters of the way back towards the point where the
alarm lamp came on. This prevents liquid temperature rising more than about 10°C above set
temperature in the event of a malfunction.
4 Accessories
4.1 FC1
FC1 water-cooled heat exchanger is designed for use with tap water, and can be used when the
required operating temperature is 2°C or more above the temperature of the tap water, down to a
minimum of 15°C. Inlet and outlet pipes are 15mm o.d, cooling water connection 6mm o.d. If a
lot of heat is produced in the external equipment, and FC1 flow cooler can be placed.
Part No: 15630/Issue 3 Page March 2003
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Flow Heaters
4.2 BS15 filler/de-aerator and bypass system
Good temperature control depends on an adequate flow through the flow heater. If narrow tubes
or small cells restrict flow, a bypass system is required. The bypass ensures that most of the
flow takes place in a large bore loop, with a smaller flow through the external circuit. The BS15
simplifies filling and de-aerating of closed systems; the top of the bypass chamber has a vent
hole to release trapped air and the whole top can be removed for filling. Connecting pipes for
the external circuit are 6mm o.d. connections to the flow heater are 15, o.d.
4.3 Pipe insulation PF2
PF2 foamed polyurethane tubing for insulating flexible pipes between flow heaters, coolers and
other equipment; supplied in 2 metre lengths 16mm internal diameter and 9mm wall.
4.4 Remote temperature probes: FH16-D
Remote, plug-in temperature probes may improve the accuracy of control or display by sensing
temperature in the external apparatus being controlled. Standard probes are fitted with two
metres of cable.
Special probes can be supplied for use in corrosive liquids.
4.4.1 The FF17 probe has a very fast response, with the sensing element at the end of a flexible
nylon probe 10mm long and 4.5mm external diameter.
4.4.2 The LL17 stainless steel probe is more robust but has a slower response. It is 125mm long
and 5mm diameter.
5 Fault diagnosis
Symptom Possible Cause Action Required
Unit does not operate Unit not switched on
Switch on
Power lamp off
Unit not plugged into power supply
Plug in, switch on
Fuse blown in the unit or, for UK
units, in the plug
Check and replace
Electrical power supply failure Check that other electrical
appliances on same circuit
are working
Set temperature is too close to
Temperature control circuit fault Have unit checked by a
Alarm light on
Temperature does not
rise when expected
Overtemperature cut-out has
operated
Set temperature is lower than
liquid temperature
ambient
Reset cut-out as described in
4.6
Check set temperature
Raise the set temperature or
fit accessory cooling
competent person
Temperature control circuit fault Have unit checked by a
Temperature
continues to rise
when not expected
Set temperature is higher than
liquid temperature
Check set temperature
competent person
Pump does not
operate
Pump obstructed Clear obstruction
Part No: 15630/Issue 3 Page March 2003
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Flow Heaters
6 Technical Specification
This equipment is for indoor use and will meet its performance figures within an ambient
temperature range 10 to 35°C with maximum relative humidity of 80%.
Installation category II (transient voltages). Pollution degree 2 in accordance with IEC 664. For
operation at altitudes up to 2000 metres.
FH16 - D
Temperature Range Ambient 15°C to 80°C (FC1 is required for operation
at or below ambient)
Stability (DIN 58966) at 37°C ± 0.004
Supply voltage range 220-240V 50/60 Hz
110-120V 50/60 Hz
Power rating - 230V 0.85kW
Heater power - 230V 0.75kW
Overall dimensions l/w/h (mm) 340/205/140
Overtemperature protection is by variable resettable cut-out.
Pump Performance: Max head 2.2m
Max flow 19 lit/min at zero head.
Pump bore 6mm
7 Maintenance and service
All Grant Laboratory products are designed to comply with IEC1010-1 and can be flash tested.
Some are fitted with radio frequency interference suppressers. Therefore it is recommended that
only a d.c. test is performed.
Inspect and replace where necessary any worn or damaged hoses.
The overtemperature cut-out should be checked periodically by turning the set overtemperature
control anticlockwise until the alarm lamp comes on. The cut-out should then reset and set-up. If
the alarm lamp fails to light with the knob fully turned anticlockwise the unit should be checked by
a competent person.
No other routine maintenance is required.
DO NOT RETURN THE TANK
7.1 Cleaning
The cases can be cleaned with a damp cloth after disconnection. Do not use solvents. The
immersed parts can be cleaned using proprietary heating element cleaners. CAUTION: these
may be toxic - follow the cleaner manufacturer's instructions.
Before using any decontamination or cleaning method except that recommended, check with our
Service Department, or in other countries with our distributor, that the proposed method will not
damage the equipment.
Part No: 15630/Issue 3 Page March 2003
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Flow Heaters
7.2 Replacement of fuses
Digital unit
Disconnect the unit from the power supply socket.
Locate the fuses on the front panel.
Use screwdriver of correct size to turn the fuse holder cap a quarter turn anti-clockwise to
release the fuse holder cap.
Check and replace fuse if necessary.
Replace with the correct fuse: 1.25 x 0.25 inch ceramic quick acting.
Rating: 220-240 V 5 AF
115 V 15 AF (check on rating plate label)
8 Guarantee
When used in laboratory conditions and according to these working instructions, this bath is
guaranteed for THREE YEARS against faulty materials or workmanship.
9 Service
For service, return for repair to our Service Department in the UK or, in other countries, to our
distributor.
Service Address: Grant Instruments (Cambridge) Ltd.
SHEPRETH
Cambridgeshire.
SG8 6GB
England
Tel: +44 (0) 1763 260811
Fax: +44 (0) 1763 262410
Part No: 15630/Issue 3 Page March 2003
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Grant Instruments
(Cambridge) Ltd
Shepreth
Cambridgeshire
SG8 6GB
England
Tel: +44 (0) 1763 260811
Fax: +44 (0) 1763 262410
Email: kevin.hardy@grant.co.uk
www.grant.co.uk
Flow Heaters
Part No: 15630/Issue 3 Page March 2003
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Flow Heaters
Part No: 15630/Issue 3 Page March 2003
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