Page 1
Goulds Pumps
Installation, Operation, and
Maintenance
Model VIT
Page 2
Page 3
Table of Contents
Introduction and Safety...................................................................................................................................................3
Safety...................................................................................................................................................................................3
Safety message levels.....................................................................................................................................................3
Environmental safety.....................................................................................................................................................3
User health and safety...................................................................................................................................................4
Safety regulations for Ex-approved products in potentially explosive atmospheres...........................................5
Product warranty............................................................................................................................................................7
Transportation and Storage............................................................................................................................................8
Receive the unit..................................................................................................................................................................8
Unpack the unit.................................................................................................................................................................8
Pump handling...................................................................................................................................................................8
Lifting methods..............................................................................................................................................................8
Pump storage requirements...........................................................................................................................................10
Prepare the pump for long-term storage.................................................................................................................11
Product Description........................................................................................................................................................12
General description.........................................................................................................................................................12
Nameplate information..................................................................................................................................................12
Table of Contents
Installation.........................................................................................................................................................................15
Preinstallation...................................................................................................................................................................15
Inspect the sub-base....................................................................................................................................................15
Concrete foundation requirements...........................................................................................................................15
Install the pump on a structural-steel foundation...................................................................................................17
Piping checklists...........................................................................................................................................................17
Install a partially-assembled pump...............................................................................................................................18
Install the bowl assembly...............................................................................................................................................19
Install the threaded coupling.........................................................................................................................................20
Column installation.........................................................................................................................................................20
Install the open lineshaft.............................................................................................................................................20
Install the enclosed lineshaft......................................................................................................................................22
Install the discharge head...............................................................................................................................................24
Stuffing box installation.................................................................................................................................................24
Install the type A and B stuffing boxes....................................................................................................................26
Install the type C stuffing box....................................................................................................................................27
Mechanical seal options..................................................................................................................................................27
Install the mechanical seal..........................................................................................................................................28
Assemble a single inside-mounted mechanical seal................................................................................................32
Assemble a single outside-mounted mechanical seal.............................................................................................33
Install the high-pressure seal......................................................................................................................................34
Install the dual mechanical seals................................................................................................................................35
Install the tube tension plate.........................................................................................................................................36
Tension the enclosing tube.........................................................................................................................................37
Install the tension nut..................................................................................................................................................38
Install a solid-shaft driver...............................................................................................................................................39
Install the coupling hub..............................................................................................................................................42
Impeller adjustment.....................................................................................................................................................42
Adjust the impeller for a solid-shaft driver..............................................................................................................44
Install a hollow-shaft driver...........................................................................................................................................44
Assemble the type AR rigid-flanged coupling.........................................................................................................46
Complete the hollow-shaft driver installation.........................................................................................................47
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 1
Page 4
Table of Contents
Adjust the impeller for a hollow-shaft driver..........................................................................................................48
Set up the lubrication system.........................................................................................................................................49
Installation and startup checklist...................................................................................................................................49
Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown............................................................................................52
Preparation for startup...................................................................................................................................................52
Prepare for startup.......................................................................................................................................................52
Pump priming..................................................................................................................................................................53
Start the pump.................................................................................................................................................................54
Pump operation precautions.........................................................................................................................................54
Mechanical seal leaks......................................................................................................................................................55
Stuffing box leaks............................................................................................................................................................55
Shut down the pump......................................................................................................................................................56
Lubricate the thrust pot during a shutdown period...................................................................................................56
Maintenance......................................................................................................................................................................57
Maintenance schedule.....................................................................................................................................................57
Adjust and replace the packing.....................................................................................................................................57
Adjust the packing when leaking is excessive..........................................................................................................58
Adjust the packing when there is overheating or no leaks....................................................................................58
Thrust pot lubrication guidelines..................................................................................................................................58
Disassembly......................................................................................................................................................................59
Disassembly precautions.............................................................................................................................................59
Disassemble the head and column............................................................................................................................59
Bowl disassembly.........................................................................................................................................................60
Remove the turbine bowl and impeller wear rings.................................................................................................60
Remove the bowl, suction bell, and lineshaft bearings..........................................................................................60
Pre-assembly inspections...............................................................................................................................................61
Replacement guidelines...............................................................................................................................................61
Reassembly.......................................................................................................................................................................62
Install the turbine bowl and impeller wear ring.......................................................................................................62
Install the bowl, suction bell, and lineshaft bearings..............................................................................................62
Install the taper collet bowl assembly.......................................................................................................................62
Install the keyed bowl assembly.................................................................................................................................64
Pump shaft setup dimensions....................................................................................................................................64
Troubleshooting...............................................................................................................................................................65
Operation troubleshooting............................................................................................................................................65
Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings.........................................................................................................68
VIT FF product lube......................................................................................................................................................68
VIT FF enclosed lineshaft.............................................................................................................................................71
Local ITT Contacts.........................................................................................................................................................74
Regional offices................................................................................................................................................................74
2 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 5
Introduction and Safety
Safety
WARNING:
• The operator must be aware of safety precautions to prevent physical injury.
• Any pressure-containing device can explode, rupture, or discharge its contents if it is over-pressurized.
Take all necessary measures to avoid over-pressurization.
• Operating, installing, or maintaining the unit in any way that is not covered in this manual could cause
death, serious personal injury, or damage to the equipment. This includes any modification to the
equipment or use of parts not provided by ITT. If there is a question regarding the intended use of
the equipment, please contact an ITT representative before proceeding.
• Installation, Operation, and Maintenance manuals clearly identify accepted methods for disassembling
units. These methods must be adhered to. Trapped liquid can rapidly expand and result in a violent
explosion and injury. Never apply heat to impellers, propellers, or their retaining devices to aid in their
removal.
• Do NOT change the service application without the approval of an authorized ITT representative.
• NEVER operate the pump below the minimum rated flow, when dry, or without adequate submergence.
• NEVER operate the pump without safety devices installed.
• NEVER operate the pump with the discharge valve closed.
• NEVER operate the pump when the strainer is clogged.
Introduction and Safety
Safety message levels
Definitions
Safety message level Indication
NOTICE:
Environmental safety
DANGER:
WARNING:
CAUTION:
Electrical Hazard:
A hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will
result in death or serious injury
A hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury
A hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in minor or moderate injury
The possibility of electrical risks if instructions are
not followed in a proper manner
• A potential situation which, if not avoided,
could result in an undesirable result or state
• A practice not related to personal injury
The work area
Always keep the pump station clean to avoid and/or discover emissions.
Recycling guidelines
Always recycle according to these guidelines:
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 3
Page 6
Introduction and Safety (Continued)
1. If the unit or parts are accepted by an authorized recycling company, then follow local recycling laws
and regulations.
2. If the unit or parts are not accepted by an authorized recycling company, then return them to the
nearest ITT representative.
Waste and emissions regulations
Observe these safety regulations regarding waste and emissions:
• Dispose appropriately of all waste.
• Handle and dispose of the pumped fluid in compliance with applicable environmental regulations.
• Clean up all spills in accordance with safety and environmental procedures.
• Report all environmental emissions to the appropriate authorities.
Reference for electrical installation
For electrical installation requirements, consult your local electric utility.
User health and safety
Safety equipment
Use safety equipment according to the company regulations. The following safety equipment should be
used within the work area:
• Helmet
• Safety goggles (with side shields)
• Protective shoes
• Protective gloves
• Gas mask
• Hearing protection
The work area
Observe these regulations and warnings in the work area:
• Always keep the work area clean.
• Pay attention to the risks presented by gas and vapors in the work area.
• Avoid all electrical dangers. Pay attention to the risks of electric shock or arc flash hazards.
Product and product positioning requirements
Observe these requirements for the product and the product positioning:
• Never operate a pump unless safety devices are installed.
• Never operate a pump unless a coupling guard is installed.
• Never force piping to make a connection with a pump.
• Never start a pump without the proper submergence.
• Never run a pump below the minimum rated flow or with the discharge valve closed.
Electrical connections regulations
Electrical connections must be made by certified electricians in compliance with all international, national,
state, and local regulations.
Observe the following guidelines and warnings for electrical connections:
• Make sure that the product is isolated from the power supply and cannot be energized by mistake.
This guideline applies to the control circuit as well.
• Make sure that the thermal contacts are connected to a protection circuit according to the product
approvals, and that they are in use.
Earthing (grounding)
All electric equipment must be earthed (grounded). This rule applies to pumps and mixers as well as
monitoring equipment.
4 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
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Precautions before work
Observe the following safety precautions before working with the product or in connection with the product:
• Provide a suitable barrier around the work area, for example, a guard rail.
• Make sure that all safety guards are in place and secure.
• Make sure that the equipment is properly insulated when operating at extreme temperatures.
• Allow all system and pump components to cool before you handle them.
• Make sure that you have a clear path of retreat.
• Make sure that the product cannot roll or fall over and injure people or damage property.
• Make sure that the lifting equipment is in good condition.
• Use a lifting harness, a safety line, and a breathing device as required.
• Make sure that the product has been thoroughly cleaned.
• Make sure that there are no poisonous gases within the work area.
• Make sure that a first-aid kit is close at hand.
• Disconnect and lock out power before servicing.
• Check the explosion risk before welding or using electric hand tools.
Precautions during work
Observe these safety precautions when you work with the product or are in connection with the product:
• Never work alone.
• Always wear protective clothing and hand protection.
• Stay clear of suspended loads.
• Always lift the product by its lifting device.
• Beware of the risk of a sudden start if the product is used with an automatic level control.
• Beware of the starting jerk, which can be powerful.
• Rinse the components in water after you disassemble the pump.
• Do not exceed the maximum working pressure of the pump.
• Do not open any vent or drain valve or remove any plugs while the system is pressurized. Ensure that
the pump is isolated from the system and that pressure is relieved before you disassemble the pump,
remove plugs, or disconnect piping.
• Never operate a pump without a coupling guard that has been correctly installed.
Introduction and Safety (Continued)
Clean chemicals from the eyes
1. Hold your eyelids apart forcibly with your fingers.
2. Rinse the eyes for at least 15 minutes.
Use an eyewash or running water.
3. Seek medical attention.
Clean chemicals from the body
1. Remove contaminated clothing.
2. Wash the skin with soap and water for at least one minute.
3. Seek medical attention, if required.
Safety regulations for Ex-approved products in potentially explosive atmospheres
Description of ATEX
The ATEX directives are a specification enforced in Europe for electrical and non-electrical equipment.
ATEX deals with the control of potentially explosive atmospheres and the standards of equipment and
protective systems used within these atmospheres. The relevance of the ATEX requirements is not limited
to Europe. You can apply these guidelines to equipment installed in any potentially explosive atmosphere.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 5
Page 8
Introduction and Safety (Continued)
General guidelines
WARNING:
Installation, Operation, and Maintenance manuals clearly identify accepted methods for disassembling
units. These methods must be adhered to. Trapped liquid can rapidly expand and result in a violent
explosion and injury. Never apply heat to impellers, propellers, or their retaining devices to aid in their removal.
If there are any questions regarding these requirements, the intended use, or if the equipment requires
modification, contact an ITT representative before you proceed.
Personnel requirements
ITT disclaims all responsibility for work done by untrained and unauthorized personnel.
These are the personnel requirements for Ex-approved products in potentially explosive atmospheres:
• All work on the product must be carried out by certified electricians and ITT-authorized mechanics.
Special rules apply to installations in explosive atmospheres.
• All users must know about the risks of electric current and the chemical and physical characteristics of
the gas and/or vapor present in hazardous areas.
• The maintenance operation for Ex approved products must be made in conformity to the
international or national standards (IEC/EN 60079-17).
Product and product handling requirements
These are the product and product handling requirements for Ex-approved products in potentially
explosive atmospheres:
• The product may be used only in accordance with the approved motor data stated on the nameplates.
• The Ex-approved product must never run dry during normal operation. Dry running during service
and inspection is only permitted outside the classified area.
• Never start a pump without the proper submergence.
• Before you start working with the product, make sure that the product and the control panel are
isolated from the power supply and the control circuit, so they cannot be energized.
• Do not open the product while it is energized or in an explosive gas atmosphere.
• Make sure that thermal contacts are connected to a protection circuit according to the approval
classification of the product.
• Intrinsically safe circuits are normally required for the automatic level-control system by the level
regulator if mounted in zone 0.
• The yield stress of fasteners must be in accordance with the approval drawing and the product
specification.
• Make sure that the equipment is properly maintained:
• Monitor the pump components and the end temperature of the liquid.
• Maintain proper bearing lubrication.
• Do not modify the equipment without approval from an authorized ITT representative.
• Only use parts that have been provided by an authorized ITT representative.
Equipment for monitoring
For additional safety, use condition-monitoring devices. Condition-monitoring devices include but are not
limited to these devices:
• Pressure gauges
• Flow meters
• Level indicators
• Motor load readings
• Temperature detectors
• Bearing monitors
• Leak detectors
• PumpSmart control system
6 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
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Product warranty
Coverage
ITT undertakes to remedy these faults in products sold by ITT under these conditions:
• The faults are due to defects in design, materials, or workmanship.
• The faults are reported to an ITT representative within the warranty period.
• The product is used only under the conditions described in this manual.
• The monitoring equipment incorporated in the product is correctly connected and in use.
• All service and repair work is done by ITT-authorized personnel.
• Genuine ITT parts are used.
• Only Ex-approved spare parts and accessories authorized by ITT are used in Ex-approved products.
Limitations
The warranty does not cover faults caused by these situations:
• Deficient maintenance
• Improper installation
• Modifications or changes to the product and installation made without consulting ITT
• Incorrectly executed repair work
• Normal wear and tear
ITT assumes no liability for these situations:
• Bodily injuries
• Material damages
• Economic losses
Introduction and Safety (Continued)
Warranty claim
ITT products are high-quality products with expected reliable operation and long life. However, should the
need arise for a warranty claim, please contact your ITT representative.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 7
Page 10
Transportation and Storage
Transportation and Storage
Receive the unit
1. Inspect the package for damaged or missing items upon delivery.
2. Note any damaged or missing items on the receipt and freight bill.
3. File a claim with the shipping company if anything is out of order.
Unpack the unit
1. Remove packing materials from the unit.
Dispose of all packing materials in accordance with local regulations.
2. Inspect the unit to determine if any parts have been damaged or are missing.
3. Contact your ITT representative if anything is out of order.
Pump handling
WARNING:
• Make sure that the pump cannot roll or fall over and injure people or damage property.
• These pumps use ceramic silicon carbide components. Do not drop the pump or subject it to shock
loads as this can damage the internal ceramic components.
NOTICE: Use a forklift truck or an overhead crane with sufficient capacity to move the pallet with the
pump unit on top. Failure to do so can result in equipment damage.
Lifting methods
WARNING:
Table 1: Methods
Pump type Lifting method
A fully-assembled pump Use suitable lifting devices attached to the lifting lugs on the discharge head or
A partially-assembled
pump
A disassembled pump Use suitable lifting devices attached to the component lifting lugs or suitable
• Assembled units and their components are heavy. Failure to properly lift and support this equipment
can result in serious physical injury and/or equipment damage. Lift equipment only at the specifically
identified lifting points. Lifting devices such as eyebolts, slings, and spreaders must be rated, selected,
and used for the entire load being lifted.
• The pump and the components can be heavy. Make sure to use proper lifting methods, and wear steeltoed shoes at all times. Failure to do so can result in physical injury or equipment damage.
• Do not attach sling ropes to shaft ends.
suitable eye bolts through the discharge-head base flange.
Use suitable lifting devices attached to the component or sub-assembly lifting
lugs or suitable eye bolts through the component flanges.
eye bolts through the component flanges.
8 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 11
Examples
1
2
Transportation and Storage (Continued)
1. Horizontal position
2. Vertical position
Figure 1: VIT lifted from horizontal to vertical (for pumps up to 15 feet [4.6 meters] in length)
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 9
Page 12
1
2
3
Transportation and Storage (Continued)
1. Horizontal position
2. Intermediate position
3. Vertical position
Figure 2: VIT lifted from horizontal to vertical (for pumps up to 30 feet [9.1 meters] in length)
Pump storage requirements
Requirements
Vertical pumps require proper preparation for storage and regular maintenance during storage. The pump
is considered in storage when it has been delivered to the job site and is awaiting installation.
For specific requirements for storing motors, gearheads, and engines, contact the equipment manufacturer.
10 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
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Storage preparation
Condition Proper preparation
Indoor storage area (preferred)
Outdoor storage area (when indoor
storage is not available)
Placement of pumps and component
parts
Stacking of pumps or component parts
Rotation of the pump and bowl
assembly shaft
Controlled storage facilities
Uncontrolled storage facilities (may
have uneven temperatures, higher
humidity, and/or dusty conditions)
• Pave the area.
• Clean the area.
• Drain the area and keep it free from flooding.
• Observe all indoor storage requirements.
• Use weather-proof coverings such as flame-resistant sheeting
or tarpaulins.
• Place coverings in a manner that maximizes drainage and air
circulation.
• Tie coverings down to protect the pump from wind damage.
• Place the pump on skids, pallets, or shoring higher than 6 in.
(15 cm) from the ground for good air circulation.
• Sort to permit easy access for inspection and/or
maintenance without excessive handling.
• Make sure that racks, containers, or crates bear the full
weight of pumps or parts to prevent distortion.
• Keep identification markings readily visible.
• Immediately replace any cover you remove for internal access.
• Rotate the pump and bowl assembly shaft counterclockwise
once a month, at a minimum.
• Never leave the shaft in a previous position or in the extreme
raised or lowered lateral position.
• Make sure that the shaft rotates freely.
• Maintain an even temperature of 10°F (6°C) or higher above
the dew point.
• Keep the relative humidity to less than 50%.
• Make sure that there is little or no dust.
• Inspect the pump periodically to make sure that all
preservatives are intact.
• Seal all pipe threads and flanged pipe covers with tape.
Transportation and Storage (Continued)
When pump is not in regular operation
If a pump has been installed, but is not in regular operation for an extended period of time, such as during
a seasonal shutdown, operate it for at least 15 minutes every two weeks, if possible.
Prepare the pump for long-term storage
For storage periods over six months, you must follow the pump storage requirements and this procedure:
1. Inspect the lube-oil and seal-flush piping and either fill the piping with rust-preventative oil, or recoat
the piping periodically in order to prevent corrosion.
2. Place 10 lbs (4.5 kg) of moisture-absorbing desiccant or 5.0 lbs (2.3 kg) of vapor-phase inhibitor
crystals near the center of the pump.
3. If the pump is assembled, place an additional one pound (0.5 kg) in the discharge nozzle and securely
fasten the nozzle to the discharge elbow.
4. Install a moisture indicator near the perimeter of the pump.
5. Cover the pump with black polyethylene with a minimum thickness of 6.0 mil (0.15 mm), and seal it
with tape.
6. Provide a small ventilation hole approximately 0.5 in. (12.0 mm) in diameter.
7. Provide a roof or shed shelter to protect the pump from direct exposure to the elements.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 11
Page 14
Product Description
Product Description
General description
The Model VIT pump is a vertical, industrial, turbine-type pump designed to meet a wide range of
applications.
This pump has these capabilities:
• Capacities up to 70,000 gpm (15,900 m3/h)
• Heads up to 4,500 ft. (1,372 m)
• Power up to 5,000 hp (3,730 kW)
Bowl assembly
The bowl construction is flanged for accurate alignment and ease of assembly and disassembly. Impellers
are either open or enclosed, depending on the design requirements. For temperatures over 180°F (82°C)
and in the larger size bowls, impellers are keyed to the shaft. Low NPSH first-stage impellers are available
for special applications.
Column
Flanged column construction provides positive shaft and bearing alignment, and also eases assembly and
disassembly. The lineshaft is supported within the column with the use of bearing retainers that are spaced
to provide vibration-free operation and to ensure long bearing and shaft wear.
Discharge head
The discharge head is designed to support the pump and to align the driver to the pump. Driver support
windows provide access to seal piping and allow for easy adjustment of seals and couplings.
Thrust pot
A thrust pot is an option that is used when the driver is not designed to carry the axial pump thrust.
Drivers
Solid shaft drivers are used with most industrial applications. The rigidity of the rotor enhances vibrationfree operation when mechanical seals are used.
You can use hollow shaft drivers in applications that specify packing or an enclosed lineshaft.
Nameplate information
Important information for ordering
Every pump has a nameplate that provides information about the pump. The nameplate is located on the
discharge head.
When you order spare parts, identify this pump information:
• Model
• Size
• Serial number
• Item numbers of the required parts
Item numbers can be found in the spare parts list.
Nameplate types
Nameplate Description
Pump Provides information about the hydraulic characteristics of the pump.
ATEX If applicable, your pump unit might have an ATEX nameplate affixed to the pump, the
baseplate, or the discharge head. The nameplate provides information about the ATEX
specifications of this pump.
12 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 15
Discharge head nameplate
SERIAL NO.
P.O. NO.
R.P.M.
MODEL
M.A.W.P. DISCH.
RATED FLOW
M.A.W.P. SUCT.
CASE HYDROSTATIC TEST PRESSURE
DISCHARGE
SUCTION
YEAR BUILT
ITEM NO.
ROTOR LIFT
SIZE
RATED HEAD
INSPECTED BY
(800) 422-5873 (562) 949-2113
ROTATION
NP105_06
ITT
GOULDS PUMPS
Engineered for life
Product Description (Continued)
ATEX nameplate
Table 2: Explanation of discharge head nameplate
Nameplate field Explanation
SERIAL NO. Serial number of the pump
ITEM NO. Customer's pump item number
P.O. NO. Customer's purchase order number
MODEL Pump model
SIZE Size of the pump
R.P.M. Rated pump speed, revolutions per minute
ROTOR LIFT Axial lift of the pump shaft and impellers
RATED FLOW Rated pump flow, gpm (m3/hr)
RATED HEAD Rated pump head, ft (m)
M.A.W.P. DISCH. Maximum allowable working pressure, psi (kg/cm2)
M.A.W.P. SUCT. N/A
DISCHARGE Discharge head hydrostatic test pressure, psi (kg/cm2)
SUCTION N/A
YEAR BUILT Year the pump was built
INSPECTED BY Quality control identification stamp
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 13
Page 16
Product Description (Continued)
Nameplate field Explanation
II Group 2
2 Category 2
G/D Pump can be used when gas and dust are present
T4 Temperature class
NOTICE: Make sure that the code classifications on the pump are compatible with the specific
environment in which you plan to install the equipment. If they are not compatible, do not operate the
equipment and contact your ITT representative before you proceed.
14 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 17
Installation
1
2
3
4
5
6
Preinstallation
Inspect the sub-base
1. If an optional sub-base is furnished, remove it from the pump discharge head when it is shipped
assembled.
2. Completely clean the underside of the sub-base.
You might need to coat the underside of the sub-base with an epoxy primer which you can purchase
as an option.
3. Remove the rust-preventative solution from the machined topside with an appropriate solution.
Concrete foundation requirements
Requirements
Make sure that you meet these requirements when you prepare the pump foundation:
• The foundation must be able to absorb any vibration.
• The foundation must be able to form a permanent and rigid support for the pumping unit.
• The foundation must be of adequate strength to support the complete weight of the pump and driver,
plus the weight of the liquid that passes through it.
Installation
Typical installation
A typical installation has these characteristics:
• Bolts with a pipe sleeve that is two and a half times the size of the bolt diameter embedded in the concrete
• Properly sized
• Located in accordance with the dimensions given in the example drawing
• Enough space inside the pipe sleeves to allow the final position of the foundation bolts to align with
the holes in the sub-base flange
1. Sub-base, or discharge head base flange
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 15
2. Foundation
3. Sleeve
4. Dam
5. Shims
6. Anchor bolt
Figure 3: Example of a typical installation
Page 18
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Installation (Continued)
Install the sub-base on a concrete foundation
CAUTION:
You must earth (ground) all electrical equipment. This applies to the pump equipment, the driver, and any
monitoring equipment. Test the earth (ground) lead to verify that it is connected correctly.
1. Remove water and debris from the anchor bolt holes and sleeves prior to grouting.
2. For sleeve-type bolts, fill the sleeves with packing or rags to prevent grout from entering.
3. Carefully lower the sub-base onto the foundation bolts and hand-tighten the bolt nuts.
4. Use a machinist's level to level the sub-base or a machine surface of the discharge head using leveling
wedges.
In order to ensure an accurate reading, check that the surface being leveled is free from all
contaminants, such as dust.
1. Sub-base
2. Levelling wedges
3. Floor sleeve (optional)
4. Foundation
5. Dam
6. Grout
7. Centerline anchor bolt
5. Level the sub-base in two directions at 90° on the machined surface.
Table 3: Levelness tolerances
Commercial API
0.005 inches per foot (0.127 mm per meter) 0.001 inches per foot (0.025 mm per meter)
Grout the sub-base
Non-shrink grout is recommended for this procedure.
1. Inspect the foundation for dust, dirt, oil, chips, and water.
2. Remove any contaminants.
Do not use oil-based cleaners since they do not bond well with grout. Refer to the instructions from
the grout manufacturer.
3. Build a dam around the foundation.
4. Thoroughly wet the foundation.
5. Pour grout to a minimum thickness of 0.375 in. (9.520 mm) between the sub-base and concrete
foundation, up to the level of the dam.
6. Remove any air bubbles from the grout as it is poured by either puddling, using a vibrator, or
pumping the grout into place.
7. Allow the grout to set at least 48 hours.
16 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 19
8. Tighten the foundation bolts.
Install the pump on a structural-steel foundation
1. Locate the pump directly over - or as near as possible to - the main building members, beams, or
walls.
2. Bolt the discharge-head mounting flange, or sub-base to the support in order to avoid distortion,
prevent vibration, and retain proper alignment.
3. Level the sub-base or discharge head using shims.
Piping checklists
General piping checklist
Precautions
CAUTION:
• Never draw piping into place by using force at the flanged connections of the pump. This can impose
dangerous strains on the unit and cause misalignment between the pump and driver. Pipe strain
adversely affects the operation of the pump, which results in physical injury and damage to the equipment.
• Vary the capacity with the regulating valve in the discharge line. Never throttle the flow from the
suction side. This action can result in decreased performance, unexpected heat generation, and
equipment damage.
Installation (Continued)
Piping guidelines
Checklist
NOTICE:
Flange loads from the piping system, including those from the thermal expansion of the piping, must not
exceed the limits of the pump. Discharge head deformation can result in contact with rotating parts, which
can result in excess heat generation, sparks, and premature failure.
Guidelines for piping are given in the Hydraulic Institute Standards available from the Hydraulic Institute
at 9 Sylvan Way, Parsippany, NJ 07054-3802. You must review this document before you install the pump.
Check Explanation/comment Checked
Check that all piping is supported
independently of, and lined up
naturally with, the pump flange.
Check that only necessary fittings
are used.
Do not connect the piping to the
pump until:
• The grout for the dischargehead base flange or sub-base
has hardened.
• The hold-down bolts for the
pump have been tightened.
Make sure that all the piping
joints and fittings are airtight.
If the pump handles corrosive
fluids, make sure that the piping
allows you to flush out the liquid
before you remove the pump.
This helps to prevent:
• Strain on the pump
• Misalignment between the pump and the drive unit
• Wear to the pump bearings, seal, and shafting
This helps to minimize friction losses.
—
This prevents air from entering the piping system or
leaks that occur during operation.
—
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 17
Page 20
Installation (Continued)
Check Explanation/comment Checked
If the pump handles liquids at
elevated temperatures, make sure
that the expansion loops and
joints are properly installed.
Make sure that all piping
components, valves and fittings,
and pump branches are clean
prior to assembly.
Discharge-piping checklist
Checklist
Check Explanation/comment Checked
Check that an isolation valve is
installed in the discharge line.
Check that a check valve is installed in
the discharge line, between the
isolation valve and the pump discharge
outlet.
If increasers are used, check that they
are installed between the pump and the
check valve.
If quick-closing valves are installed in
the system, check that cushioning
devices are used.
If increasers are used, they must be of
the eccentric type.
This helps to prevent misalignment due to thermal
expansion of the piping.
—
The isolation valve is required for:
• Priming
• Regulation of flow
• Inspection and maintenance of the pump
The location between the isolation valve and the
pump allows inspection of the check valve.
The check valve prevents damage to the pump and
seal due to the back flow through the pump, when
the drive unit is shut off. It is also used to restrain
the liquid flow.
—
This protects the pump from surges and water
hammer.
This prevents air from collecting at the top of the
discharge pipe.
Install a partially-assembled pump
Pumps 20 feet (6 meters) or less in length are usually shipped partially assembled, with the exception of
these parts:
• Driver
• Packing
• Mechanical seal with piping
• Coupling assembly, spacer or non-spacer type
Refer to the Certified Pump Outline Drawing for the location of the anchor-bolt holes.
1. If a sub-base is supplied, install it.
2. Clean the sub-base and the bottom of the discharge head base.
3. Attach shackles to the discharge hand lifting lugs or thread two eye bolts through the bolt holes in the
mounting flange.
4. Hoist the unit into position over the foundation.
Make sure that the shackles, eye bolts, and sling are rated to handle in excess of the pump weight. See
the outline drawing.
5. Carefully guide the unit so that it does not strike the sides of the sub-base or foundation.
6. Lower the unit until the discharge-head flange engages and rests firmly on the sub-base or foundation,
then secure it with the capscrews provided.
7. When a lineshaft is shipped separately, complete these steps:
18 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 21
a) Check that the average total runout does not exceed 0.005 in. TIR (0.127 mm) for every 10 ft.
(3 m).
The shaft must be within tolerance prior to installation.
b) Remove the stuffing box, if it is installed, and carefully slide the shaft through the top column of
the bearing retainer and bearing.
c) Thread the shaft into the coupling after you replace the stuffing box or seal housing.
Install the bowl assembly
WARNING:
Do not work under a heavy and suspended object unless there is a positive support and safeguards that
will protect you if a hoist or sling fails.
CAUTION:
• Do not attempt to lift the bowl assembly by the pump shaft. This can result in damage to the pump
shaft.
• Do not drop any foreign object into the bowl assembly. This can cause serious damage to the pump
and any downstream components. Any foreign object dropped into the bowl assembly must be
retrieved before you continue with assembly.
Installation (Continued)
1. Check that all capscrews are tight and turn the pump shaft by hand to make sure it turns freely.
2. Remove all accumulated dust, oil, or other foreign material from the external surfaces.
3. Place two I-beam supports across the baseplate opening that are strong enough to safely support the
weight of the entire pump assembly.
Connect these I-beams with threaded rods and nuts so you can clamp them firmly together for the
portion to be supported.
4. Place a suitable hoist or derrick over the baseplate opening with the hook in the center.
5. Install two threaded eye bolts through the discharge bowl bolt holes 180º apart.
6. Attach a sling to the eye bolts and hoist it into position over the foundation opening.
7. Carefully lower the bowl assembly, guiding the unit so it does not strike the sides of the opening, until
the discharge bowl flange rests firmly on the I-beam supports.
8. Place a cover over the discharge bowl opening to prevent the entrance of dirt or other foreign matter
until you are ready to install the column assembly.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 19
Page 22
Installation (Continued)
Install the threaded coupling
If you have a keyed coupling, see the Install the column section of this manual.
CAUTION:
Use Molykote Dow-Corning or an equivalent for all galling material such as 316 stainless steel.
Shaft threads are left hand.
1. Coat the threads with a light coat of oil for a non-galling material, or Molykote for galling material.
2. Install the threaded coupling onto the pump shaft by threading it on for one-half its length.
You can insert a fine wire in the drill hole at the center of the coupling that serves as a gauge in order
to determine when the coupling is correctly positioned on the pump shaft.
3. Remove the wire.
Column installation
This section describes how to install the two lineshaft options available for the column assembly:
• Open lineshaft
• Enclosed lineshaft
Install the open lineshaft
CAUTION:
Use Molykote Dow-Corning or an equivalent for all galling material such as 316 stainless steel.
The bearing retainer is integral with the column. The top flange of the column has a male register and the
bottom flange of the column has a female register.
1. Check the headshaft and lineshaft for straightness.
The average TIR should be less than 0.0005 in. (0.013 mm) per ft. (0.305 m) and not exceed 0.005 in.
(0.127 mm) for every 10 ft. (3 m).
2. Apply a thin film of oil to the lineshaft.
3. Install the coupling:
Shaft threads are left hand.
If your
lineshaft
coupling
is...
Threaded
Then...
1. Apply a thin film of oil to the coupling threads if it is a non-galling material. Use a
2. Manually start the thread until you feel resistance.
3. Remove the wire after you install the coupling.
4. Complete the joint using a pair of pipe wrenches, one on top of the pump shaft and
5. Run the upper lineshaft into the coupling and hand-tighten.
For an illustration of the threaded coupling, see the VIT-FF product lube in the Parts List
chapter.
suitable anti-seize if the coupling is a galling material.
Use a fine wire inserted in the drill hole at the center of the coupling as a gauge to
determine when the coupling is correctly positioned on the shaft.
the other on the coupling.
Do not apply wrenches on the bearing journal surfaces.
20 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 23
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Installation (Continued)
If your
lineshaft
coupling
is...
Keyed
Then...
1. Insert the key into the pump shaft.
2. Lower the sleeve over the pump shaft, to approximately 1.0 in. (25.4 mm) below the
top of the shaft.
3. Lower the lineshaft until it touches the pump shaft.
4. Insert the split ring into the grooves of the pump shaft and lineshaft.
5. Raise the sleeve until it covers the split ring.
6. Insert the key into the lineshaft.
7. Raise the sleeve to the top of the key.
8. Secure the sleeve to the split ring with a lock screw and lock wire.
1. Lineshaft
2. Sleeve
3. Key
4. Split ring
5. Key
6. Pump shaft
7. Lock screw/lock wire
4. Attach the column to the bowl assembly:
a) Lower the column over the lineshaft, taking care as the shaft passes through the lineshaft bearing,
until the column flange engages the top-bowl flange register.
b) Attach a sling to the eyebolts and to the hoist hook.
c) Hoist the column section over the bowl assembly.
d) Lower the column over the lineshaft until the column flange engages the discharge-bowl flange
register.
e) Insert as many capscrews through both flanges as possible and gradually tighten them in
diametrically-opposite pairs.
5. Lift the bowl and column assembly high enough to allow for the removal of the I-beam supports.
6. Install and tighten the remaining capscrews.
7. Place the bowl and column assembly on the foundation:
a) Lift the entire assembly by the column pipe eyebolts and remove the supports.
b) Slowly lower the bowl and column assembly.
c) Place the supports on the foundation and continue to lower the assembly until the upper column
flange comes to rest on the supports.
8. If required, install the coupling and lineshaft to the protruding end of the lineshaft.
9. Assemble the next column section, or top column:
a) Make sure that the bottom-column register engages the top-column register.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 21
Page 24
Installation (Continued)
b) Secure the columns with capscrews and hex nuts until all column and lineshaft sections required
for the proper pump setting are assembled.
c) Tighten the capscrews into the hex nuts gradually and uniformly.
Install the enclosed lineshaft
CAUTION:
Do not use automotive oils.
Pump lineshafts are connected with either threaded or keyed couplings. This section describes both
procedures.
See the Certified Pump Outline Drawing for the number of column and shaft sections required.
1. Check the headshaft and lineshaft for straightness.
The average TIR should be less than 0.0005 in. (0.013 mm) per ft. (0.305 m) and not exceed 0.005 in.
(0.127 mm) for every 10 ft. (3 m).
2. Install the coupling:
If your
lineshaft
coupling
is...
Threaded
Keyed
Then...
1. Apply a thin film of oil to the coupling threads if it is a non-galling material. Use a
suitable anti-seize if the coupling is a galling material.
2. Manually start the thread until you feel resistance.
Use a fine wire inserted in the drill hole at the center of the coupling as a gauge to
determine when the coupling is correctly positioned on the shaft.
3. Remove the wire after you install the coupling.
4. Complete the joint using a pair of pipe wrenches, one on top of the pump shaft and
the other on the coupling.
5. Run the upper lineshaft into the coupling and hand-tighten.
Do not apply wrenches on the bearing journal surfaces.
For an illustration of the threaded coupling, see the VIT-FF product lube in the Parts List
chapter.
1. Insert the key into the pump shaft.
2. Lower the sleeve over the pump shaft, to approximately 1.0 in. (25.4 mm) below the
top of the shaft.
3. Lower the lineshaft until it touches the pump shaft.
4. Insert the split ring into the grooves of the pump shaft and lineshaft.
5. Raise the sleeve until it covers the split ring.
6. Insert the key into the lineshaft.
7. Raise the sleeve to the top of the key.
8. Secure the sleeve to the split ring with a lock screw and lock wire.
22 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 25
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Installation (Continued)
If your
lineshaft
coupling
is...
Then...
1. Lineshaft
2. Sleeve
3. Key
4. Split ring
5. Key
6. Pumpshaft
7. Lock screw/lock wire
3. Attach a small, adjustable, pipe-vise type of lifting device to a section of enclosing tube.
If such a device is not available, use a piece of light manila line, fastened to the tubing by a clove hitch
or a double-half hitch.
4. Raise up and then lower the enclosing tube over the first length of shaft attached to the bowl.
5. Apply an anti-sieze compound to the matching threads of the pump-top screw bearing and securely
tighten.
6. Install the first length of column pipe over the tube:
a) Install two eyebolts diametrically opposite each other in the upper flange of the bottom column.
b) Attach a sling to the eyebolts and to the hoist hook.
c) Hoist the column section over the bowl assembly.
d) Lower the column over the enclosing tube until the column flange engages the discharge-bowl
flange register.
e) Insert as many capscrews through both flanges as possible and gradually tighten them in
diametrically-opposite pairs.
7. Lift the entire assembly by the column pipe eyebolts and remove the supports.
8. Slowly lower the bowl and column assembly.
9. Place the supports on the foundation and continue to lower the assembly until the upper column
flange comes to rest on the supports.
10. Pour one quart of light turbine oil into the top tubing section and screw the tube bearing into the top
length until it bottoms, ready to receive the next length of tubing assembly.
11. Install the lineshaft coupling onto the projecting end of the shaft.
If your lineshaft
coupling is...
Threaded
Keyed
Then...
1. Install it on the projecting end of the lineshaft for half the length of the coupling.
2. Repeat this step until all joints are installed.
1. Install it onto the projecting end of the shaft as described in step 2.
2. Repeat this step until all joints are installed.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 23
Page 26
Installation (Continued)
Install the discharge head
CAUTION:
• Do not bump or scrape the shaft protruding above the column. This could result in a bent or
damaged shaft.
• Packed stuffing boxes are not allowed in an ATEX-classified environment.
• The mechanical seal used in an Ex-classified environment must be properly certified. Prior to startup,
make sure that all areas that could leak pumped fluid to the work environment are closed.
NOTICE:
Make sure that the eyebolts or slings are rated to handle more than the pump weight.
Mechanical seals are shipped separately. If the seal housing is assembled to the discharge head, remove the
seal before you begin this procedure.
For the enclosed lineshaft option, only perform steps 3 and 4 in this procedure:
1. If the stuffing box is assembled to the head, remove it and all attached piping.
2. Remove the coupling guard:
a) Attach shackles to the discharge head lifting lugs, or thread two eyebolts in the head driver-
support mounting holes diametrically opposite each other.
b) Hoist the discharge head over the protruding headshaft.
3. Orient the discharge head in the required position:
a) Lower the head while you center the vertical hole with the headshaft that protrudes above the
column.
Stop when the discharge head engages the column.
b) Install the capscrews and secure the discharge head to the column.
c) Tighten the capscrews gradually in diametrically-opposite pairs.
4. Lift the pump assembly high enough to allow for the removal of the supports.
5. Install and tighten the remaining capscrews until all capscrews are uniformly tight.
6. Hoist the bowl, column, and head assembly and remove the supports.
7. Lower the bowl, column, and head assembly until the discharge-head mounting flange engages the
anchor bolts or the sub-base.
8. Secure the discharge head to the foundation or the sub-base.
Stuffing box installation
CAUTION:
• Make sure the split gland fits squarely in the stuffing box. A split gland that is not properly seated can
cause uneven compression of the packing and damage to the shaft or sleeve.
• Packed stuffing boxes are not allowed in an ATEX-classified environment.
Stuffing box types
The stuffing box installation has three types:
• Type A
• Type B
• Type C
24 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 27
1
2
3
4
5
6
1. Bypass line
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2. Packing washer
3. Bearing
4. Packing box
5. Packing rings
6. Split gland
Figure 4: Type A stuffing box
Installation (Continued)
1. Setscrew
2. Bypass line
3. Packing washer
4. Bearing
5. O-ring
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 25
6. Sleeve
7. Packing box
8. Packing rings
9. Split gland
Figure 5: Type B stuffing box
Page 28
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Installation (Continued)
1. Setscrew
2. Bypass line
3. Lantern ring
4. Packing washer
5. Bearing
6. O-ring
7. Sleeve
8. Packing box
9. Packing rings
10. Grease cup
11. Split gland
Figure 6: Type C stuffing box
Install the type A and B stuffing boxes
The style B stuffing box is the same as style A with the exception that it has a shaft sleeve with an O-ring.
1. Lubricate the O-ring and the shaft threads.
2. Slip the sleeve onto the shaft and carefully rotate it counterclockwise while you gently push down until
the O-ring is clear of the shaft threads.
3. Locate the sleeve on the shaft and secure it with setscrews.
4. Position the gasket on the discharge head.
5. Slide the stuffing box down over the shaft and into position on the gasket.
6. Secure the stuffing box with capscrews.
7. If the packing washer is provided, insert it into the stuffing box.
The packing washer is not required on shaft sizes 2.19 in. (55.63 mm) and larger.
8. Grease the packing rings for easier installation.
9. Install the packing rings:
a) Twist each of the five packing rings sideways in order to easily get them around the shaft.
You can set the sixth ring aside until the packing is adjusted for leakage after the first startup.
b) Start the first ring into the stuffing box.
c) Use your fingers to position the entire ring in the stuffing box.
d) Tap each ring down using a split wooden bushing and push the packing ring down firmly until it
seals on the shaft and bore of the stuffing box.
e) Stagger the ring joints 90° apart.
You can use the split gland as a tamper for the top ring.
10. Install the split gland and thread the nuts on the split gland studs.
11. Finger-tighten the nuts.
12. If an optional bypass line is furnished, attach it to the tube fitting in the stuffing box.
26 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 29
Final adjustment of the stuffing box must be made at pump start up. This final adjustment applies to all
stuffing box styles. A properly packed stuffing box needs to be loose enough to allow you to turn the shaft.
Install the type C stuffing box
The style C stuffing box is provided with a shaft sleeve, O-ring, lantern ring, and grease cup.
1. Lubricate the O-ring and the shaft threads.
2. Slip the sleeve onto the shaft and carefully rotate counterclockwise while you gently push down until
the O-ring is clear of the shaft threads.
3. Locate the sleeve on the shaft and secure it with setscrews.
4. If the packing washer is provided, insert it into the stuffing box.
The packing washer is not required on shaft sizes 2.19 in. (55.63 mm) and larger.
5. Grease the packing rings for easier installation.
6. Install the packing rings:
a) Twist each of the five packing rings sideways in order to get them around the shaft easily.
You can set the sixth ring aside until the packing is adjusted for leakage after the first startup.
b) Start the first ring into the stuffing box.
c) Use your fingers to position the entire ring in the stuffing box.
d) Tap each ring down using a split wooden bushing and push the packing ring down firmly until it
seals on the shaft and bore of the stuffing box.
e) Stagger the ring joints 90° apart.
You can use the split gland as a tamper for the top ring.
f) Insert the lantern ring into the stuffing box so that it aligns with the lubrication passage in the
stuffing box.
g) Install two packing rings and stagger the ring joints 90° apart.
7. Install the split gland and thread the nuts on the split gland studs.
8. Finger-tighten the nuts.
9. Attach a bypass line to the tube fitting in the stuffing box.
10. Grease the stuffing box:
a) Thread a grease cup into the stuffing box.
b) Fill the grease cup with a high grade of grease.
c) After the stuffing box is completely assembled, apply grease to the lantern ring by turning the grease-
cup cap several turns.
Installation (Continued)
Final adjustment of the stuffing box must be made at pump start up. This final adjustment applies to all
stuffing box styles. A properly packed stuffing box needs to be loose enough to allow you to freely turn
the shaft.
Mechanical seal options
Pumps are shipped without mechanical seals installed. If they are not, then refer to the mechanical seal
manufacturer's installation instructions.
These are the mechanical seal options for this pump:
• Cartridge mechanical seal
• Conventional inside component mechanical seal
• Conventional outside component mechanical seal
• High-pressure seal
• Dual mechanical seal
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 27
Page 30
Installation (Continued)
Install the mechanical seal
NOTICE:
• Do not bump carbon inserts against the shaft as they can chip, crack, or break.
• Do not overtighten the capscrews on the gland. This can distort the seal seat and cause seal failure.
• Do not remove the seal spacer or eccentric washer, adjust the seal, or tighten the setscrews until after
you adjust the impellers.
• Reset the seal after you adjust the impeller.
1. Install the O-ring or gasket between the seal housing and seal:
a) Install the seal over the shaft and ease it into position against the face of the seal box.
b) Take care when you pass the sleeve and O-ring over the keyways or threads in order to avoid
damage to the O-ring.
2. Position the seal gland on the discharge-head seal housing and secure it with capscrews (or nuts for
studs).
3. Tighten the capscrews gradually and uniformly in a criss-cross pattern, taking two or three passes.
4. Install all seal piping as required.
5. Before you make the final connections of the sealing-liquid pressurizing lines, make sure the seal
housing and all sealing-liquid lines are flushed free of dirt, scale, and other particles.
6. Install the driver and coupling.
7. Take these flatness and concentricity measurements:
Runout of
driver shaft
Concentricity
of driver shaft
Procedure
1. Install the dial indicator as shown, with the base attached to the motor support.
2. Rotate the driver shaft by hand while you read the dial.
Make sure that the runout does not exceed NEMA standards, 0.002 in. (0.05
mm) maximum TIR.
3. If the indicator reads higher than 0.002 in. (0.05 mm) TIR, loosen the four driver
hold-down bolts and relocate the driver on the motor base register.
4. Obtain the desired position.
5. Tighten the hold-down bolts and repeat the indicator reading.
28 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 31
Installation (Continued)
Runout of
driver shaft
Procedure
Flatness of the
seal housing
For this measurement, remove the mechanical seal if the dial indicator stylus cannot
rotate 360° on the top surface of the seal gland.
1. Remove the lower coupling components and attach the base of the dial indicator
to the driver shaft.
2. Place the stylus at the top surface of the seal gland, or at the top surface of the
seal housing.
3. Rotate the driver shaft slowly 360°.
4. Check that the face of the seal housing is square with the shaft to within 0.002 in.
(0.05 mm) TIR.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 29
Page 32
Installation (Continued)
Runout of
driver shaft
Procedure
Concentricity
of the seal
housing
This measurement requires that you remove the mechanical seal.
1. Install the dial indicator as shown.
2. Rotate the driver shaft by hand and run the indicator in the inside-machined
surface of the seal housing to determine the concentricity.
3. If the indicator reads higher than 0.004 in. (0.10 mm) TIR, loosen the four driver
hold-down bolts and relocate the driver on the motor base register.
4. Obtain the desired position.
5. Tighten the hold-down bolts and repeat the indicator reading.
30 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 33
Installation (Continued)
Runout of
driver shaft
Procedure
Concentricity
of the head
shaft
1. Reinstall the mechanical seal if it was removed for the flatness or concentricity
measurement.
2. Install the coupling assembly and adjust the impeller.
3. Attach the base of the dial indicator on the discharge head or driver support.
4. Place the stylus on the shaft between the top of the seal and the bottom of the
pump coupling.
5. Rotate the driver shaft slowly 360°.
6. Check that the shaft runout is within 0.004 in. (0.10 mm) TIR, or as required by
specification.
7. Drill and dowel the pin in three places to secure the driver to the motor base
after you obtain the required runouts.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 31
Page 34
Installation (Continued)
Runout of
driver shaft
Procedure
8. Position and install the drive collar of the seal by tightening the setscrews using the instructions from
the mechanical seal manufacturer.
9. Save the seal spacer or eccentric washer.
You can use these in order to hold the correct seal spacing in the event that you have to remove the
seal. You must loosen the seal setscrews to re-adjust the impellers.
10. Seals that use half-dog-point setscrews might require that the shaft be spot faced or drilled in order to
provide a secure placement:
a) Cover the seal and seal housing.
b) Remove the setscrews one at a time from the collar and spot face or drill the shaft and then
tighten the setscrews into position.
c) Remove any metal chips in order to avoid damage to the seal.
Assemble a single inside-mounted mechanical seal
Single inside-mounted mechanical seals have these characteristics:
• They are cartridge seals.
• They have glands and sleeves.
• They are assembled as a unit by the seal manufacturer.
Follow the special instructions from the seal manufacturer in the event that non-cartridge seals are installed.
Assemble the seal:
If the seal is... Then...
An O-ring type Assemble the complete unit over the shaft.
Use care when you pass the sleeve and O-ring over the keyways or threads to
avoid damaging the O-ring.
32 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 35
If the seal is... Then...
1
A Teflon wedgering type
1. Remove the sleeve collar and Teflon wedge ring.
2. Assemble them separately after the sleeve is in position.
3. Tighten the collar on the threads to seal the Teflon wedge around the shaft.
Installation (Continued)
1. Bypass to suction
Assemble a single outside-mounted mechanical seal
These seals are provided in two sub-assemblies:
• Stationary unit
• Rotary unit
1. Install the stationary unit, which is the seal-gland assembly.
The stationary unit will face up.
2. Install the rotary unit and take care not to disengage the rotary parts.
Installation becomes difficult when the rotary unit parts become disengaged.
IMPORTANT: Do not tighten the setscrews or adjust the seal until the impellers are adjusted.
3. Adjust the seal:
a) Refer to the spring gap which is stamped on the collar and shown on the seal assembly drawing.
b) Tighten the setscrews so that the compression ring is maintained at the same distance from the
collar at all points.
c) Before you start the pump, make sure that the spring gap and the distance from the face of the
stuffing box to the collar are the same as shown on the seal assembly drawing.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 33
Page 36
1
Installation (Continued)
1. Bypass to suction
Install the high-pressure seal
High-pressure seals have these characteristics:
• Usually cartridge seals
• Shipped assembled and ready for installation
• Are either single or dual seals
Mechanical seals on pumps with over 1200 psi (85 kg/cm2) gauge discharge pressure, or a pressure level
specified by the seal manufacturer, are normally fitted with backup rings. These rings are installed after the
seal installation, between the drive collar of the seal and the bottom of the flanged-pump coupling.
1. Install the backup ring:
a) Thread the bottom backup ring into the top backup ring until it bottoms out.
b) Slide the backup ring assembly over the shaft and position it on the seal.
2. Install the spacer coupling and the driver.
3. Set the seal into position.
4. Check the TIR on the headshaft above the mechanical seal.
5. Adjust the backup ring assembly.
34 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 37
1
2
Installation (Continued)
1. Back-up rings
2. Bypass to suction
Install the dual mechanical seals
Dual seals are cartridge seals that are shipped assembled. This procedure only applies if a non-cartridgetype seal is furnished, and there are no instructions provided by the seal manufacturer.
1. Scribe a mark on the shaft or sleeve that is flush with the face of the seal housing.
Use this reference mark to set the seal to the seal assembly.
2. Install the inner insert face:
a) Lubricate the stuffing-box bore and OD of the inner (or lower) stationary insert.
b) Protect the inner insert face with a soft and clean material, such as gasketing or sheet rubber.
c) Install the inner insert face into the bottom of the seal housing with hand pressure only.
d) If the insert includes a holding pin, make sure that the pin is aligned with the slot or hole in the
bottom of the seal housing.
3. Carefully place the gland ring and outer stationary insert over the shaft.
4. Lubricate the shaft or sleeve before you install any of the rotary unit parts.
5. Install the seal collar, or collars, on the shaft or sleeve:
a) Locate the collar so that it aligns with the reference mark you created in step 1 and to the setting
dimension given on the seal assembly drawing.
b) Tighten the setscrews to lock the collar to the shaft or sleeve.
6. Install the remaining rotary unit parts on the shaft or sleeve in the proper sequence and complete the
assembly of equipment.
7. If it is provided, install the shaft packing on the shaft or sleeve individually.
Use care to avoid nicks or damage that can cause the seal to leak.
8. Seat the gland ring and gland gasket against the face of the seal housing:
a) Tighten the nuts or bolts evenly and firmly.
b) Make sure that the gland ring is not cocked.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 35
Page 38
1
2
3
1
2
Installation (Continued)
c) Tighten the nuts or bolts just enough to seal at the gland ring gasket.
1. Connection to external seal lubrication
2. Bypass to suction
3. Connection to external seal lubrication
Figure 7: Tandem-mounted seal (dual unpressurized)
1. Bypass to suction
2. Connection to external seal lubrication
Figure 8: Double-mounted seal (dual pressurized)
Install the tube tension plate
36 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
1. Lubricate the tube threads and the underside of the tension-plate flange with a thread compound.
2. Thread the tension plate onto the enclosing tube nipple manually until its shoulder rests on the
discharge head.
Page 39
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Installation (Continued)
1. Stud
2. Hex nut
3. Packing
4. Tension nut
5. Bearing
6. Capscrew
7. Packing rings
8. Tension plate
9. Tube nipple
10. Line assembly water flush
11. Gland
Figure 9: Tension plate - water flush
Tension the enclosing tube
The enclosing tube sags from its own weight as it is installed and must be pulled tight (tensioned) to make
it straight. This section describes two methods you can use to tension the tube:
• Direct pull method is more precise and is preferred.
• Wrenching method is given as an alternate.
The correct tension is equal to the weight of the enclosing tube plus 10%. Weights per unit length for each
tube size are given in this table. Multiply by the total length of the tube to determine the total weight.
Table 4: Tube weight
Tube diameter in inches (millimeters) Weight in pounds (kilograms) per foot of length
1.25 (31.75) 2.99 (1.36)
1.50 (38.10) 3.63 (1.65)
2.00 (50.80) 5.02 (2.28)
2.50 (63.50) 7.66 (3.47)
3.00 (76.20) 10.25 (4.65)
3.50 (88.90) 12.50 (5.67)
4.00 (101.60) 14.98 (6.80)
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 37
Page 40
Installation (Continued)
Tube diameter in inches (millimeters) Weight in pounds (kilograms) per foot of length
5.00 (127.00) 20.78 (9.43)
6.00 (152.40) 28.57 (12.96)
Tension the enclosing tube using the direct pull method
This method requires the use of a dynamometer scale and an adapter fitting to grip the tube. A tube
tension adapter is available through the factory.
1. Use a hoist to pull the upper end of the tube in order to obtain the predetermined tension value.
2. With the tension plate installed manually but not tightened, thread the special fitting onto the top of
the tube to full engagement.
3. Attach the dynamometer scale to the fitting, and connect the upper end of the scale to the hoist hook.
4. Operate the hoist hook to apply the required tension.
This pulls the tension plate off the discharge head.
5. Manually thread the tension plate in order to reset it.
6. Release the tension from the hoist.
7. Remove the dynamometer scale and special fitting.
Tension the enclosing tube using the wrenching method
If a dynamometer scale is not available, you can tension the tube by wrenching the tube-tension plate.
1. Make up a spanner wrench to straddle the projecting threaded tube end and engage the tube-tension
plate capscrew holes by two lugs.
2. Torque the tension plate to take all the slack out of the shaft tubing and induce a reasonable amount
of tension by turning the tension plate counterclockwise.
For tubing 2.50 in. (63.50 mm) and larger, a man's full strength on a 3 ft. (0.9 m) lever arm is
sufficient. For smaller sizes, you must utilize less pull.
Do not turn the tension plate clockwise to align the holes in the tension plate and discharge head.
Install the tension nut
CAUTION:
Be sure that the top of the enclosing tube does not interfere with the tension nut.
1. Install the capscrews in the tension plate.
2. Pour one pint of oil down the oil tube.
3. Install the packing in the tension plate.
4. Thread the tension nut and tighten it firmly against the packing.
5. Perform these steps if a packed-type tension nut is used for water flush:
a) Install the packing and packing gland.
b) Secure the packing and the packing gland with a stud and nut and finger tighten.
c) Install the line assembly and connect it to the flush liquid supply.
6. If the top of the tube interferes with the tension nut, determine the distance:
If the tube is... Then...
Too short Replace the tube with a longer tube of the correct length.
Too long Cut the tube to the correct length and re-thread it.
7. Reinstall and re-level the pump.
38 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 41
Install a solid-shaft driver
WARNING:
• When installing in a potentially explosive environment, make sure that the motor is properly certified.
• Do not test the motor for direction of rotation when it is coupled to the pump. If the pump rotates in
the wrong direction, serious damage to the pump, motor, and personnel will result.
• Do not work under a heavy and suspended object unless there is a positive support and safeguards
that will protect you if a hoist or sling fails.
NOTICE:
• When the pump is supplied with a thrust pot, do not secure the driver to the discharge head until after
the thrust pot and flexible coupling are installed. A separate supplement for thrust pots will be
furnished as required.
• Read and follow the motor manufacturer's instructions before lubricating the motor bearings.
Excessive lubrication can cause the bearings to overheat and fail prematurely.
The coupling between the driveshaft and the discharge-head shaft can either be a non-spacer type or a
spacer type. The spacer type is used on pumps furnished with a mechanical seal to permit servicing of the
seal without the removal of the driver.
Installation (Continued)
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 39
Page 42
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Installation (Continued)
1. Driveshaft
2. Driver key, supplied by motor vendor
3. Driver hub
4. Adjusting plate
5. Pump hub
6. Pump key
7. Headshaft
8. Hex nut
9. Capscrew
10. Split ring
Figure 10: Non-spacer type coupling
40 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 43
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Installation (Continued)
1. Driveshaft
2. Driver key, supplied by motor vendor
3. Driver hub
4. Spacer
5. Adjusting plate
6. Pump hub
7. Pump key
8. Headshaft
9. Capscrew
10. Hex nut
11. Hex nut
12. Capscrew
13. Split ring
Figure 11: Spacer-type coupling
1. If a driver support is furnished and not installed, perform these steps:
a) Hoist the driver support and inspect the mounting surfaces and register.
b) Clean these surfaces thoroughly.
c) Install the driver support on the discharge head and secure it with capscrews.
2. Attach a sling to the lifting lugs of the driver and hoist the motor.
3. Inspect the mounting surface, register, and shaft extension, and then clean these surfaces thoroughly.
If any burrs are found, remove them with a smooth mill file.
4. Orient the motor-conduit box in the required position:
a) Align the motor-mounting holes with the mating-tapped holes on the discharge head.
b) Lower the motor until the registers engage and the motor rests on the discharge head.
c) Secure the motor with capscrews.
5. On drivers with a non-reverse ratchet or pins, manually turn the driver shaft clockwise when viewed
from the top, until the non-reverse ratchet or pins fully engage.
6. Lubricate the motor bearings according to the instructions on the lubrication plate attached to the
motor frame.
7. Make temporary electrical connections according to the tagged leads or the diagram attached to the
motor.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 41
Page 44
Installation (Continued)
The motor must rotate counterclockwise when viewed from the top. See the arrow on the pump
nameplate. If the motor does not rotate counterclockwise, change the rotation by interchanging any
two leads (for three phase only). For single-phase motors, see the instructions from the motor
manufacturer.
If motor shaft-end-play adjustment is required, check it using a dial indicator before you connect the pump
coupling to the solid-shaft motor. Consult the applicable motor manufacturer instruction manual for
detailed information on motor shaft end play.
Install the coupling hub
1. Apply a thin film of oil on the pump key and insert the key into the headshaft keyway seat.
2. Gently lower the pump half of the coupling hub onto the headshaft.
3. Thread the adjusting plate onto the headshaft until it is flush with the top of the headshaft.
4. Apply a thin film of oil to the driver key and insert the key into the drive-shaft keyway seat.
5. Place the driver half of the coupling hub onto the drive shaft with the key and slide it up the drive
shaft until the annular groove is exposed.
6. Install the split ring in the groove and slide the driver half of the coupling hub down over the split
ring to capture it.
7. If the pump is supplied with an adjustable spacer coupling, install the spacer between the headshaft
and the drive shaft hubs.
8. Secure with capscrews and hex nuts.
Impeller adjustment
NOTICE:
• When a mechanical seal is provided, make sure it is not secured to the shaft during impeller
adjustment. The shaft must move up or down within the seal assembly.
• For pumps that handle liquids between -50°F to 200°F (-45°C to 93°C), you can make impeller
adjustments under ambient conditions. For liquids in excess of this range, make any impeller
adjustments after the pump reaches the temperature of the liquid. In situations where this is not
feasible due to safety considerations, or impossible due to external ice buildup in cryogenic
applications, refer to the factory for specific instructions.
• Improper impeller adjustment could cause contact between the rotating and stationary parts, resulting
in sparks and heat generation.
Example figures
Impeller adjustment is identical for all drivers. Adjust the impeller by turning the adjusting plate.
At location A in thesetwo figures, measure the impeller adjustment before you tighten the coupling capscrews:
42 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 45
1
2
3
A
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1. Driveshaft
1
2
3
4
A
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
2. Driver key, supplied by the motor vendor
3. Driver hub
4. Pump hub
5. Pump key
6. Headshaft
7. Capscrew
8. Adjusting plate
9. Hex nut
10. Split ring
Figure 12: Adjustable coupling (Type A)
Installation (Continued)
1. Driveshaft
2. Driver key, supplied by motor vendor
3. Driver hub
4. Spacer
5. Adjusting plate
6. Pump hub
7. Headshaft
8. Pump key
9. Capscrew
10. Hex nut
11. Hex nut
12. Capscrew
13. Split ring
Figure 13: Spacer coupling (Type AS)
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 43
Page 46
Installation (Continued)
Adjust the impeller for a solid-shaft driver
IMPORTANT: The determination of the driver-shaft end-play can be critical and should be added to the
impeller setting noted in this topic. For larger pumps over 8.00 in. (20.32 cm), this amount might not be
sufficient. Refer to the pump outline drawing for details.
When impellers are reset, you must also reset the seal.
Complete these steps based on your impeller type:
If your
impeller is
an...
Open
impeller
Enclosed
impeller
Then...
1. With the impellers touching the bottom of the bowls, turn the adjusting plate
towards the driver hub or spacer to obtain a 0.015 in. (0.381 mm) clearance
between the adjusting plate and driver hub or spacer for the first 10 ft. (3 m) of
column.
2. Add 0.010 in. (0.254 mm) for each additional 10 ft. (3 m) of column.
For example, if the total pump length is 50 ft. (15 m), set the open impellers at
0.055 in. (1.397 mm).
3. Align the adjusting plate with the pump hub, and tightly draw the coupling flanges
together with capscrews and nuts.
4. Set the seal:
a. Securely tighten all setscrews in the collar.
b. Remove the spacer between the gland plate and the collar.
c. Retain the spacer for future resetting of the seal.
1. Obtain the impeller setting from the Certified Pump Outline Drawing.
2. Align the adjusting plate with the pump hub, and tightly draw the coupling flanges
together with capscrews and nuts.
3. Set the seal:
a. Securely tighten all setscrews in the collar.
b. Remove the spacer between the gland plate and the collar.
c. Retain the spacer for future resetting of the seal.
Install a hollow-shaft driver
WARNING:
Do not work under a heavy and suspended object unless there is a positive support and safeguards that
will protect you if a hoist or sling fails.
IMPORTANT: When a pump is supplied with a thrust pot, do not secure the driver to the discharge
head until after the thrust pot and flexible coupling are installed.
This figure shows the driving mechanism of all hollow-shaft drives. The drive shaft extends up through the
quill or hollow shaft of the motor (or gear drive) and is held in place by an adjusting nut. This adjusting nut
carries all the static and hydraulic thrust of the impellers and shaft, and also provides the adjustment for
the impeller clearances:
44 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 47
1
2
3
4
6
5
Installation (Continued)
1. Drive shaft
2. Capscrew adjusting nut
3. Hold-down bolt
4. Drive coupling
5. Gib key
6. Adjusting nut
This procedure refers to either a VHS-type electric motor or hollow-shaft type gear drive.
1. If a driver support is furnished and not installed, perform these steps:
a) Hoist the driver support and inspect the mounting surfaces and register.
b) Clean these surfaces thoroughly.
c) Install the driver support on the discharge head and secure it with capscrews.
2. Inspect the driver:
a) Attach a sling to the lifting lugs of the driver and hoist the motor.
b) Inspect the mounting surface, register, and shaft extension.
c) Clean these surfaces thoroughly.
d) If any burrs are found, remove these burrs with a smooth mill file and thoroughly clean afterward.
3. Orient the motor-conduit box in the required position:
a) Align the motor-mounting holes with the mating-tapped holes on the discharge head.
b) Lower the motor until the registers engage and the motor rests on the discharge head.
c) Secure the motor with capscrews.
4. On drivers with a non-reverse ratchet or pins, manually turn the driver shaft clockwise when viewed
from the top, until the non-reverse ratchet or pins fully engage.
5. Lubricate the motor bearings according to the instructions on the lubrication plate attached to the
motor case.
7. Screw the adjusting nut loosely onto the end of the drive shaft.
6. Remove the drive coupling and hold-down bolts.
8. Clean the drive shaft thoroughly and attach a light line below the nut.
9. Lower the drive shaft through the motor-quill shaft and examine closely for dirt or burrs between the
10. Raise the drive shaft and adjusting nut assembly to allow room to install the rigid-flanged coupling.
shaft ends.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 45
Page 48
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Installation (Continued)
Assemble the type AR rigid-flanged coupling
1. Drive shaft
2. Driver key
3. Drive hub
4. Ring-threaded
5. Pump hub
6. Pump key
7. Headshaft
8. Hex nut
9. Ring-threaded
10. Ring-alignment
11. Capscrew
1. Disassemble the coupling:
a) Check that all components are clean and no foreign matter is lodged in any of the machined
recesses or registers.
b) Insert the driver key into the drive shaft keyway and slide the driver hub onto the drive shaft.
c) Position the hub so that the threaded shaft end is exposed enough to allow for the mounting of
threaded sleeves on the shaft end.
To ease the assembly, you can temporarily secure the hub in this position using tape or a rope.
d) Screw the threaded ring onto the driver shaft until the ring extends beyond the shaft end between
0.06 in. and 0.09 in. (1.52 mm and 2.29 mm).
This ensures that the driver and pumpshaft ends will not contact each other when the coupling is
completely assembled.
2. Insert the pump key into the pumpshaft keyway and slide the pump hub onto the pumpshaft.
Position the hub so that the threaded shaft end is exposed.
3. Screw the threaded ring onto the pumpshaft until the ring extends beyond the shaft end between 0.06
in. and 0.09 in. (1.52 mm and 2.29 mm).
4. Slide the pump hub towards the threaded ring until the threaded ring is fully seated in its register in
the hub.
46 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 49
Hold the hub in this position.
5. Insert the alignment ring into the register in the pump hub.
6. Slide the driver hub towards the pump hub until the driveshaft threaded ring is fully seated in the
register in the driver hub.
7. Insert all the coupling hub capscrews and hex nuts and hand-tighten only.
8. Measure the gap between the coupling hub faces.
In a properly assembled coupling, the gap will be between 0.014 in. and 0.026 in. (0.35 mm and 0.66
mm). This ensures that the threaded rings are properly clamped.
If the gap is not correct:
a) Disassemble the coupling.
b) Check that all parts are clean and free of foreign matter.
c) Reassemble the coupling.
The alignment ring will be compressed between the coupling hubs.
9. Tighten all coupling hub capscrews.
Complete the hollow-shaft driver installation
CAUTION:
Never check the motor rotation with the drive coupling in place. The bore clearance between the drive
coupling and the pump shaft OD is close enough that if the motor spins while this shaft is stationary, then
galling and locking together is likely to occur.
Installation (Continued)
1. Remove the sling and see if the drive shaft centers inside the driver quill within 0.010 in. (0.25 mm).
If it does not, this indicates misalignment. Perform these steps:
a) Check to see if you have a bent drive shaft, burrs, or foreign matter between the shaft ends or any
of the mounting flanges:
• Driver-to-driver support
• Driver support to discharge head
• Discharge head to sub-base or foundation
b) Check to see if the sub-base and discharge head are level.
If it is not, shim between the sub-base and the discharge head in order to correct the problem.
c) Check the concentricity of the motor-to-motor stand to discharge head.
2. Connect the electricity and check that the motor rotation is counterclockwise when viewed from the
top.
See the arrow on the pump nameplate. If the motor does not rotate counterclockwise and you have a
three-phase motor, change the rotation by interchanging any two leads. For single-phase motors, refer
to the instructions from the motor manufacturer.
3. Install the motor-drive coupling:
a) Insert ratchet pins if you are using a non-reverse ratchet.
b) Match the coupling lugs with the corresponding holes in the motor.
c) Pull down the hold-down bolts evenly.
d) Make sure that the drive coupling is properly seated in the register fit.
4. Fit the gib key into the keyway so that there is a snug, but sliding, fit.
Make sure that you can remove the key with gentle leverage using a screwdriver.
5. Make sure that the gib key is not so high that it prevents the adjusting nut from seating on the drive
coupling.
6. Install the adjusting nut and hand tighten.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 47
Page 50
AA
A
B
E
F
1
2
C
D
H
G
BB
3
Installation (Continued)
Adjust the impeller for a hollow-shaft driver
NOTICE:
• If your hollow-shaft driver has a mechanical seal, you must disengage it prior to impeller adjustment.
• Improper impeller adjustment could cause contact between the rotating and stationary parts, resulting
in sparks and heat generation.
This procedure applies to the open and enclosed impeller:
1. Make sure that the shafting is all the way down and that the impellers are resting on their seats.
2. Turn the adjusting nut in a counterclockwise direction to lift the shaft until the impellers just clear
their seats and the shaft turns freely by hand.
This removes all deflection from the shaft.
3. Align hole A in the adjusting nut and hole C in the motor coupling.
If you are careful, you can reach an initial impeller clearance between 0.001 in. to 0.003 in. (0.02 mm
to 0.07 mm) depending on the shaft size and thread data shown in this table:
Shaft size Thread Vertical movement in 1/20th
¾ in. (19 mm) ¾-16 LH 0.003 in. (0.076 mm)
1 in. (25 mm) 1-12 LH 0.004 in. (0.10 mm)
1 3/16 in. (30 mm) 1-12 LH 0.005 in. (0.12 mm)
1½ in. (38 mm) 1-10 LH 0.005 in. (0.12 mm)
1 11/16 in. (42 mm) 1-10 LH 0.005 in. (0.12 mm)
1 15/16 in. (49 mm) 1-10 LH 0.005 in. (0.12 mm)
2 3/16 in. (55 mm) 1-10 LH 0.005 in. (0.12 mm)
2 7/16 in. (62 mm) 1-10 LH 0.005 in. (0.12 mm)
2 11/16 in. (68 mm) 1-8 LH 0.006 in. (0.15 mm)
turns - adjusting nut
48 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
1. Lower impeller
2. Raise impeller
3. Correct impeller rotation
Page 51
4. Insert a capscrew into hole B provided that these are the nearest-matching holes for counterclockwise
rotation of the adjusting nut.
5. Turn the adjusting nut counterclockwise until holes B and D line up.
Table 5: Normal impeller clearances
Impeller type Distance/size Clearance
Open First 10 ft (3 m) of column 0.015 in. (0.381 mm)
Enclosed Bowl sizes up to 8 in. (20.32 cm) 0.12 in. (3.05 mm)
Set up the lubrication system
1. Connect the solenoid valve, if provided, and the oil lines.
2. Fill the oil reservoir with oil.
3. Check the lubricator feed and make sure that the oil reservoir is flowing freely.
In the case of a solenoid valve, temporary power connections are required.
4. Set the proper drops per minute on the regulator as this table shows:
The shaft is the headshaft (OD). The adjustment is a manual adjustment on the regulator valve.
Shaft size in inches Shaft size in millimeters Drops per minute per 100 feet
0.75 to 1.00 19 to 25 mm 8
1.19 to 1.94 30 to 50 mm 16
2.19 and larger 55 mm and larger 20
Installation (Continued)
Each additional 10 ft (3 m) of
column
Bowls larger than 8 in. (20.32 cm) 0.1875 in. (4.750 mm)
0.010 in. (0.254 mm)
(30.48 meters) of shaft
Installation and startup checklist
Use this checklist in conjunction with the standard instruction manual furnished with the equipment.
Initial each completed item or write N/A if the item is not applicable. After you complete this checklist,
forward a copy to the VPD field service for entry into the quality assurance records. Use a separate
checklist for each individual pump.
Part 1: System and installation inspections
Check Checked
Check that the pump foundation is level to within 0.005 in. per ft. (0.0123 cm per m) of diameter. For API units,
the level requirement is 0.001 in. per ft. (0.003 cm per m) of diameter.
Check that the foundation can handle the weight and loading of the pump.
Check that the foundation is properly grouted using a high quality non-shrink grout.
Check that all the anchor bolts are tight.
Check that the discharge piping is properly supported and that there is no excess nozzle loading on the
discharge flange.
On units with flexible or expansion joints attached to the pump discharge, check that tie rods are in place and
properly installed.
Check these items for all valves:
• Operate freely
• Properly installed for the direction of flow
• Have the proper pressure
Check where the pumped fluid is going and that the system is properly lined up for the test.
Check that the pumped fluid supply will be continuously available for the duration of the test.
It is very important that the initial run is at least ten minutes in duration in order to completely flush the pump.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 49
Page 52
Installation (Continued)
Check Checked
If possible, check the cleanliness of the pumped fluid and piping. If you are present during the installation, check
that the sump, barrel, and piping are clean.
Part 2: Pump assembly pre-start inspections
Check Checked
Verify that the drivers are properly lubricated before start-up. On drives with grease-lubricated motor bearings,
insist that the motor vendor grease them on-site. Lubrication information is located on special motor tags or in
the motor manuals.
Determine the allowable number of cold/hot starts with the motor vendor.
The general rule of thumb is two cold or one hot start per hour. Exceeding the recommended starts breaks
down the motor insulation and can cause failure. Megger the motor if possible.
Before you couple the driver to the pump, verify the proper rotation of the driver by bumping it. The proper
rotation for vertical pumps is counterclockwise when viewed from above.
Run the pump uncoupled to check that the driver runs smooth and sounds normal.
• For VHS motors, remove the driveshaft if a coupling is provided, and the steady bushing and driver
coupling if one is not provided.
• On drivers with NRRs. remove the rachet pins, if possible. Otherwise, rotate the drive coupling clockwise
until the pin stops tight against the rachet plate.
If a customer refuses to allow you to check the rotation, have the customer sign and date this checklist before
you proceed.
After you verify the proper rotation of the driver, you can couple the pump to the driver.
• On VSS units with a flanged coupling except for the AR type, set the impeller lift.
• On VHS units, set the impeller lift using the adjusting nut on top of the motor after you make up the
threaded or AR coupling.
See either the pump nameplate or the outline drawing for the specific impeller lift required for an individual pump.
Check the alignment on pumps that are equipped with jacking bolts since they require that the motor be
physically aligned to the pump.
Special alignment of the pump to the motor is not usually required since all components are equipped with
register fits.
Use a dial indicator in order to check that the shaft runout above the sealing element is not excessive:
• Packing limit is a maximum of 0.008 in. (0.020 cm)
• Mechanical seal limit is a maximum of 0.005 in. (0.0123 cm) For API, the maximum is 0.002 in. (0.005 cm)
On units with seals, check these items:
• Check that the seal rotates freely.
• Check that the seal spacers are removed.
• Check that the seal piping is properly installed.
On water-lubricated, enclosed lineshaft units, check these items:
• Check the water PSI and flow rate.
• Check the solenoid valve and its connection for proper operation.
On oil-lubricated, enclosed lineshaft units, check these items:
• Check that the oil tank is completely full and allow the oil to drip overnight prior to start-up.
• Check the solenoid valve and its connection for proper operation.
• Check the oil tank and refill.
Part 3: Unit startup
Check Complete
After you complete all of the checks in Parts 1 and 2, conduct a start-up meeting with customer in order to
discuss the actual procedures they might require during start-up and commissioning. Also, verify with the
customer that their system is ready for pumped fluid.
When the system is ready, push the start button and adjust the discharge valve in order to meet the design point
(if required).
50 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 53
Installation (Continued)
Check Complete
Watch for signs of trouble. The unit must run at least ten minutes in order to flush out the pump and system.
Verify that the unit runs smoothly with no unusual noise, vibration, or over heating.
Run the unit for one hour in order to test the system.
Measurements
Reading Value
Impeller lift
Shaft runout
Megger
Vibration
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 51
Page 54
Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown
Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and
Shutdown
Preparation for startup
Hazard statements
WARNING:
• Failure to follow these precautions before you start the pump will lead to serious personal injury and
equipment failure.
• DO NOT operate the pump below the minimum rated flows or with the discharge valves closed.
These conditions can create an explosive hazard due to vaporization of pumped fluid and can quickly
lead to pump failure and physical injury.
• Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any installation or
maintenance tasks. Failure to disconnect and lock out driver power will result in serious physical injury.
• Operating the pump in reverse rotation can result in the contact of metal parts, heat generation, and
breach of containment.
Precautions
NOTICE:
• Verify the driver settings before you start the pump.
• Make sure that the warm-up rate does not exceed 2.5°F (1.4°C) per minute.
You must follow these precautions before you start the pump:
• Flush and clean the system thoroughly to remove dirt or debris in the pipe system in order to prevent
premature failure at initial startup.
• Bring variable-speed drivers to the rated speed as quickly as possible.
• Run a new or rebuilt pump at a speed that provides enough flow to flush and cool the close-running
surfaces of the stuffing-box bushing.
• Run a new or rebuilt pump at a speed that provides enough flow to flush and cool the close-running
surfaces of the stuffing-box or seal-housing bearing.
• If temperatures of the pumped fluid will exceed 200°F (93°C), then warm up the pump prior to
operation. Circulate a small amount of fluid through the pump until the casing temperature is within
100°F (38°C) of the fluid temperature.
• Rubber bearings must be wet prior to startup if the non-submerged (dry column) length is greater
than 50 ft (15 m). You can only use clean water or clean sea water.
At initial startup, do not adjust the variable-speed drivers or check for speed governor or over-speed trip
settings while the variable-speed driver is coupled to the pump. If the settings have not been verified, then
uncouple the unit and refer to instructions supplied by the driver manufacturer.
Prepare for startup
WARNING:
• For the VSS motor, do not check the motor rotation unless the motor is bolted to the pump and the
driver hub is disconnected from the pump hub.
• For a VHS motor, do not check the motor rotation unless the motor is bolted to the pump and the
drive coupling is removed.
• Do not test the motor for direction of rotation when it is coupled to the pump. If the pump rotates in
the wrong direction, serious damage to the pump, motor, and personnel will result.
52 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
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Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown (Continued)
Consult the applicable manufacturer instructions for detailed information for the prime mover (electric
motor, engine, or steam turbine), coupling, drive shaft, gear-head, or mechanical seal.
1. Confirm that you have completed these procedures:
a) Connected the driver to a power supply.
b) Verified that the driver rotates counterclockwise when viewed from above.
c) Checked the alignment between the pump and driver.
d) Adjusted the impeller.
e) Attached the mechanical-seal lock collar to the shaft.
2. Verify that the mechanical seal is properly lubricated and that all piping to the seal is connected.
3. Verify that all cooling, heating, and flushing lines are operating and regulated.
4. Verify that all connections to the driver and starting device match the wiring diagram.
5. Verify that the voltage, phase, and frequency on the motor nameplate agree with the line current.
6. Rotate the shaft manually to make sure that the impellers are not binding.
7. Verify that the driver bearings are properly lubricated and check the oil level in the housing.
8. Verify that the auxiliary seal components are properly vented.
9. Inspect the discharge-piping connection and pressure gauges for proper operation.
10. For the enclosed lineshaft construction, turn on the oil drip or water flush for a minimum of five minutes.
11. For oil-lubricated lineshafts, set the sight feed dripper for the number of drops per minute as directed
in this table:
Lineshaft size (OD) Drops per minute per 100 ft. (39 m) of shaft
¾ to 1 in. (19 mm to 25 mm) 8
1 3/16 to 1 15/16 in. (30 mm to 49 mm) 16
2 3/16 in. and larger (55 mm and larger) 20
Pump priming
CAUTION:
• The pump must be properly vented through the discharge head connections. This is important for
• Vary the capacity with the regulating valve in the discharge line. Never throttle the flow from the
NOTICE:
Net positive suction head available (NPSHA) must always exceed NPSH required (NPSHR) as shown on
the published performance curve of the pump.
Requirements
• The minimum submergence must always be as indicated on the Certified Pump Outline Drawing.
• Never run the pump dry as this can cause the rotating parts within the pump to gall and seize to the
• The parts are lubricated by the liquid being pumped unless the enclosed linshaft option is purchased
liquids with suction pressures close to their vapor pressures. Vent piping must continuously rise back
to the source so that liquid cannot collect in the vent line.
suction side. This action can result in decreased performance, unexpected heat generation, and
equipment damage.
stationary parts.
to lubricate the lineshaft bearings with a clean fluid.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 53
Page 56
Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown (Continued)
Start the pump
CAUTION:
• Observe the pump for vibration levels, bearing temperature, and excessive noise. If normal levels are
exceeded, shut down the pump and resolve the issue.
Before you start the pump, you must perform these tasks:
• Open any recirculation or cooling lines.
1. Fully close or partially open the discharge valve, depending on system conditions.
2. Start the driver.
3. Slowly open the discharge valve until the pump reaches the desired flow.
4. Immediately check the pressure gauge to ensure that the pump quickly reaches the correct discharge
pressure.
5. If the pump fails to reach the correct pressure, perform these steps:
a) Stop the driver.
b) Confirm the minimum submergence.
c) Restart the driver.
6. Monitor the pump while it is operating:
a) Check the pump for bearing temperature, excessive vibration, and noise.
b) If the pump exceeds normal levels, then shut down the pump immediately and correct the problem.
A pump can exceed normal levels for several reasons. See Troubleshooting for information about
possible solutions to this problem.
7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 until the pump runs properly.
Pump operation precautions
General considerations
CAUTION:
• Vary the capacity with the regulating valve in the discharge line. Never throttle the flow from the
suction side since this can result in decreased performance, unexpected heat generation, and
equipment damage.
• Do not overload the driver. Driver overload can result in unexpected heat generation and equipment
damage. The driver can overload in these circumstances:
• The specific gravity of the pumped fluid is greater than expected.
• The pumped fluid exceeds the rated flow rate.
• Make sure to operate the pump at or near the rated conditions. Failure to do so can result in pump
damage from cavitation or recirculation.
Operation at reduced capacity
WARNING:
Never operate any pumping system with a blocked suction and discharge. Operation, even for a brief
period under these conditions, can cause confined pumped fluid to overheat, which results in a violent
explosion. You must take all necessary measures to make sure that this condition is avoided.
54 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 57
CAUTION:
• Avoid excessive vibration levels. Excessive vibration levels can damage the bearings, stuffing box or
seal chamber, and the mechanical seal, which can result in decreased performance.
• Avoid increased radial load. Failure to do so can cause stress on the shaft and bearings.
• Avoid heat build-up. Failure to do so can cause rotating parts to score or seize.
• Avoid cavitation. Failure to do so can cause damage to the internal surfaces of the pump.
Operation under freezing conditions
NOTICE:
Do not expose an idle pump to freezing conditions. Drain all liquid that is inside the pump and the cooling
coils. Failure to do so can cause liquid to freeze and damage the pump.
Mechanical seal leaks
NOTICE:
The mechanical seal used in an Ex-classified environment must be properly certified. Prior to startup,
make sure that all areas that could leak pumped fluid to the work environment are closed.
Occasional leaks
If the seal leaks slightly at start-up, allow a reasonable amount of time for the seal to adjust itself. Fluids
with good lubricating qualities normally take longer to adjust than fluids with lesser lubricating qualities.
When a seal starts out with a slight leak and the leak decreases while running, it indicates leaks across the
seal faces. Run the pump continuously in order to eliminate this issue.
Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown (Continued)
Continuous leaks
When immediate leaks occur and remain constant, even during operation, it usually indicates either
secondary seal (shaft packing) damage, or seal faces that are warped or cracked. See Troubleshooting for
probable causes.
Stuffing box leaks
CAUTION:
Packed stuffing boxes are not allowed in an ATEX-classified environment.
Normal leaks
With the pump in operation, there should be some leaking at the stuffing box packing. The correct leak
rate is a rate which keeps the shaft and stuffing box cool. This rate is approximately one drop per second.
Check the temperature of the leaked fluid as well as the discharge head.
Decreased leaks
If the pump runs hot and the leaks begin to decrease, stop the pump and allow it to cool down. Loosen
the packing gland in order to allow the packing to resume leaking. After pump has cooled, restart pump
and run it for 15 minutes. Then check the leaks. If the leak exceeds two drops per second, adjust the packing.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 55
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Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown (Continued)
Shut down the pump
WARNING:
The pump can handle hazardous and toxic fluids. Identify the contents of the pump and observe proper
decontamination procedures in order to eliminate the possible exposure to any hazardous or toxic fluids.
Wear the proper personal protective equipment. Potential hazards include, but are not limited to, high
temperature, flammable, acidic, caustic, explosive, and other risks. You must handle and dispose of
pumped fluid in compliance with the applicable environmental regulations.
1. Slowly close the discharge valve.
2. Shut down and lock the driver to prevent accidental rotation.
3. If the driver is not equipped with a non-reverse ratchet (NRR), be certain that the unit is completely
stopped before you restart the pump.
Lubricate the thrust pot during a shutdown period
1. Completely immerse the bearings in oil.
This helps to avoid oxidation of the anti-friction bearings during shutdown periods lasting longer than
one week.
2. Fill the oil reservoir until the oil runs over the oil retainer tube and down the shaft.
Before startup, drain the oil to its required level.
56 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
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Maintenance
Maintenance schedule
Maintenance inspections
A maintenance schedule includes these types of inspections:
• Routine maintenance
• Routine inspections
• Three-month inspections
• Annual inspections
Shorten the inspection intervals appropriately if the pumped fluid is abrasive or corrosive or if the
environment is classified as potentially explosive.
Routine maintenance
Perform the following tasks whenever you perform routine maintenance:
• Lubricate the bearings on pumps supplied with thrust pots.
• Inspect the packing or mechanical seal.
Routine inspections
Perform the following tasks whenever you check the pump during routine inspections:
• Check for unusual noise, vibration, and bearing temperatures.
• Check the pump and piping for leaks.
• Analyze the vibration.
Maintenance
Three-month inspections
Perform the following tasks every three months:
• Check that the foundation and the hold-down bolts are tight.
• Check the packing if the pump has been left idle, and replace as required.
Annual inspections
Perform the following inspections one time each year:
• Check the pump capacity.
• Check the pump pressure.
• Check the pump power.
If the pump performance does not satisfy your process requirements, and the process requirements have
not changed, then do the following:
1. Disassemble the pump.
2. Inspect it.
3. Replace worn parts.
Adjust and replace the packing
CAUTION:
Do not over-tighten the stuffing box. Excessive pressure can wear out packing prematurely and seriously
damage the shaft.
NOTICE:
Packed stuffing boxes are not allowed in an ATEX-classified environment.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 57
Page 60
Maintenance (Continued)
Adjust the packing when one of the following conditions occurs:
• The leakage rate exceeds two drops per second.
• There is overheating or no leakage.
Adjust the packing when leaking is excessive
Perform this procedure if leaks exceed two drops per second.
1. With the pump in operation, tighten the gland nuts one-quarter turn.
2. Before you make any more adjustments, check to see if the packing has equalized against the increased
pressure by making sure the leakage has decreased to a steady state.
If the leaks decrease to two drops per second, then you are finished. If the leaks continue to exceed
two drops per second, continue to the next step.
3. Shut down the pump.
4. Allow the packing to compress enough so that the gland is about to contact the upper face of the
stuffing box.
5. Remove the split gland, add one extra packing ring, and readjust.
6. If this fails to reduce the leak to two drops per second, then remove all packing rings and replace
them with new rings:
a) Remove the packing with the aid of a packing hook.
b) If a lantern ring is provided, remove it by inserting a wire hook in the slots of the ring and pull it
from the stuffing box.
c) Thoroughly clean the stuffing box of all foreign matter.
7. If the replacement packing is in the form of a continuous coil or rope, cut it into rings before
installing:
a) Tightly wrap one end of the packing material around the top shaft like one coil spring.
b) Cut through the coil with a sharp knife.
See Installation for details about how to properly reinstall the stuffing box.
Adjust the packing when there is overheating or no leaks
CAUTION:
If there are no leaks or the stuffing box overheats, do not back off the gland nuts while the pump is
running. This causes the entire set of packing rings to move away from the bottom of the box without
relieving pressure of the packing on the shaft.
A small amount of leaking is required in order to prevent overheating.
1. Stop the pump and allow the packing to cool.
2. Restart the pump.
3. Repeat these steps until two drops of liquid per second comes through.
4. If this fails to fix the problem, then you must replace the packing.
Thrust pot lubrication guidelines
Flushing the oil reservoir
Flush the oil reservoir in order to remove all grit particles in the oil reservoir sump. Use the same type of
oil to flush the reservoir as specified for lubrication. Always keep a supply of turbine oil on-hand.
NOTICE:
Pumps are shipped without oil. Oil-lubricated anti-friction bearings must be lubricated at the job site.
58 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 61
Oil levels
Pump status Oil level
Not operating At or lower than 1/8 in. to 1/4 in. (0.635 to 0.3175 mm) from the top of the oil sight
gauge. Never operate the pump when the oil in the sight gauge is not at the required level.
Operating Lower than the required level as indicated on the oil sight gauge.
Changing the oil
The frequency with which you change the oil depends on the severity of the environment. When the oil in
the sight gauge is a dark brown color, it is time for an oil change. However, for a longer bearing life, it is
recommended that you change the oil every six months. Be sure to flush the oil reservoir with each oil change.
Disassembly
Disassembly precautions
WARNING:
• Make sure that the pump is isolated from the system and that pressure is relieved before you
disassemble the pump, remove plugs, open vent or drain valves, or disconnect the piping.
• Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any installation or
maintenance tasks. Failure to disconnect and lock out driver power will result in serious physical injury.
• The pump and the components can be heavy. Make sure to use proper lifting methods, and wear steeltoed shoes at all times. Failure to do so can result in physical injury or equipment damage.
• The pump can handle hazardous and toxic fluids. Identify the contents of the pump and observe
proper decontamination procedures in order to eliminate the possible exposure to any hazardous or
toxic fluids. Wear the proper personal protective equipment. Potential hazards include, but are not
limited to, high temperature, flammable, acidic, caustic, explosive, and other risks. You must handle
and dispose of pumped fluid in compliance with the applicable environmental regulations.
Maintenance (Continued)
NOTICE:
Make sure that all replacement parts are available before you disassemble the pump for overhaul.
Disassemble the head and column
WARNING:
Never try to lift the entire pump assembly by the lifting lugs or eyebolts furnished for the driver only.
Always lift the pump with shackles through the lifting lugs or with eyebolts inserted through the flanges.
1. If equipped with mechanical seals, loosen the setscrews that fasten the seal to the pump shaft so that
the pump shaft can slide up or down within the seal.
2. Remove the necessary components:
If the pump is... Then remove...
Gear-driven The driveshaft between the gear and the prime mover.
Electric-motor driven The electrical connections at the conduit box and label the
3. Uncouple the driver, or gear box, from the pump shaft and mounting flanges, and then lift off by the
lifting lugs or eyebolts as furnished.
4. Disconnect the discharge head from the discharge piping.
5. Remove all hold-down bolts and integral piping.
6. Remove the coupling, packing box, or mechanical seal.
7. Continue with disassembly down to the bowls as described in the next section.
electrical leads so they can be reassembled correctly.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 59
Page 62
Maintenance (Continued)
Bowl disassembly
The bowl assembly is composed of these parts:
• Suction bell
• Intermediate bowls
• Top bowl
• Impellers and securing hardware
• Bearings
• Pump shaft
Turbine bowl impellers are secured to the shaft by either a taper collet or a key and split-thrust ring. Follow
only the procedures that apply to your particular construction. These types of impeller attachment can
apply to any vertical pump less than 18 in. (46 cm) in diameter.
NOTICE:
Mark the components in sequence to aid reassembly.
Disassemble the taper collet bowl
1. Remove the capscrews that secure the top bowl to the intermediate bowl.
2. Slide the top bowl off the pump shaft.
3. Pull the shaft out as far as possible and strike the impeller hub using a collet driver or equivalent,
sliding along the pump shaft to drive the impeller off the taper collet.
4. After the impeller is freed, insert a screwdriver into the slot in the taper collet, spread it, and remove
the taper collet.
5. Slide the impeller off the pump shaft.
6. Repeat these steps until the bowl assembly is completely disassembled.
Disassemble the keyed bowl
1. Remove the capscrews that secure the top bowl to the intermediate bowl.
2. Slide the top bowl off the pump shaft.
3. Remove the capscrews and the split-thrust ring from the pump shaft.
4. Slide the impeller off the pump shaft and remove the key.
NOTICE:
If the impeller is seized to the shaft, then strike the impeller with a fiber mallet and drive the impeller
off the pump shaft.
5. Repeat these steps until the bowl assembly is completely disassembled.
Remove the turbine bowl and impeller wear rings
1. Remove the setscrews or grind off the tack weld if the rings are furnished with those locking methods.
2. Use a diamond-point chisel in order to cut two V-shaped grooves on the bowl or impeller wear ring
approximately 180° apart.
Use extreme care not to damage the wear ring seat.
3. With a chisel or drift punch, knock the end of one half of the ring in, and pry the ring out.
4. On high-alloy materials such as chrome steel, set up the bowl or the impeller in a lathe and machine
the wear ring off, using extreme care not to machine or damage the ring seat.
Remove the bowl, suction bell, and lineshaft bearings
NOTICE:
Bowl bearings are press fit. Do not remove the bowl bearings unless replacement is necessary.
60 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 63
1. Using an arbor press and a piece of pipe or sleeve with an outside diameter slightly smaller that the
diameter of the bowl or lineshaft bearing housing bore, press the bearing off.
2. Remove the suction bell bearing by setting the suction bell in a lathe and machining the bearing off.
The suction bell bearing can also be removed using bearing pullers to pull the bearings out.
Pre-assembly inspections
Guidelines
Before you assemble the pump parts, make sure you follow these guidelines:
• Inspect the pump parts according to the information in these pre-assembly topics before you
reassemble your pump. Replace any part that does not meet the required criteria.
• Ensure that the parts are clean. Clean the pump parts in solvent to remove oil, grease, and dirt.
NOTICE: Protect machined surfaces while you clean the parts. Failure to do so may result in
equipment damage.
Replacement guidelines
Casing check and replacement
Inspect the casing for cracks and excessive wear or pitting. Thoroughly clean gasket surfaces and alignment
fits to remove rust and debris.
Maintenance (Continued)
Impeller replacement
This table shows the criteria for replacing the impeller parts.
Impeller parts When to replace
Impeller vanes
Vane edges When you see cracks, pitting, or corrosion damage
Keyway and bores When you see damage
Gaskets, O-rings, shims, and seats replacement
• Replace all gaskets, O-rings, and shims at each overhaul and disassembly.
• Inspect the seats. They must be smooth and free of physical defects. To repair worn seats, skin cut
them in a lathe while maintaining dimensional relationships with other surfaces.
• Replace parts if seats are defective.
Bearing retainer check
Check the bearing retainer for deformation and wear.
Shaft checks
• Check the shafts for straightness and excessive wear on the bearing surfaces.
• Check the deflection of shafts. The average total runout should not exceed 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) TIR
for every 10 ft. (3 m) of shaft length.
Mechanical seal checks
On pumps equipped with a mechanical seal, check that the shaft or sleeve is free of pits, burrs, or sharp
edges to prevent cutting or improper sealing of the seal O-rings. Remove any burrs and sharp edges by
polishing with a fine emery cloth.
• When grooved deeper than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm), or
• When worn evenly more than 1/32 in. (0.8 mm)
Impeller and bowl checks
Visually check impellers and bowls for cracks and pitting. Check all bowl bearings for excessive wear and
corrosion.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 61
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Maintenance (Continued)
Reassembly
Install the turbine bowl and impeller wear ring
1. Place the chamfered face of the bowl or impeller wear ring towards the ring seat and press the ring
into the seat.
2. Use an arbor press or equivalent and make sure the ring is flush with the edge or the wear ring seat.
Install the bowl, suction bell, and lineshaft bearings
Make sure you have an arbor press or equivalent for pressing the bearings.
1. Press the bearing into the retainer.
2. Press the bearing into the suction bell.
The top of the bearing should protrude above the suction hub equal to the depth of the counter bore
in the sand collar.
3. Press the bearings into the intermediate bowl and the top bowl.
4. Place the bowl with the flange downward and press the bearing through the chamfered side of bowl
hub until the bearing is flush with the hub.
Install the taper collet bowl assembly
WARNING:
Wear protective gloves and use appropriate eye protection to prevent injury when handling hot parts.
1. Apply a thin film of turbine oil to all mating and threaded parts.
2. If the pump is equipped with a sand collar, then perform these steps:
a) If the sand collar is not assembled to the shaft, then heat the sand collar until it slips over the shaft
and quickly position it so that the top of the sand collar is even with the locating groove before it
cools.
The sand collar is attached to the shaft with a shrink fit. The shaft is machined with a 0.01 in. (0.25
mm) groove to locate the sand collar. The large diameter of the counterbore of the sand collar
goes toward the suction bell bearing.
b) Slide the end of the pump shaft with the sand collar into the suction bell bearing until the sand
collar rests against the suction bell.
c) Skip the next step and proceed to installing the impellers.
3. If the pump is not equipped with a sand collar, then locate the pump shaft with respect to the suction
bell:
a) Insert the pump shaft into the suction bell bearing until it bottoms out.
b) Pull the shaft out until the distance between the groove on the shaft and the top of the suction
bell hub, and not the top of the bearing, is correct for the particular pump.
Use the X dimension in the Pump shaft dimensions table in the Maintenance chapter.
62 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
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X
1
4
3
2
1
2
3
4
5
Maintenance (Continued)
1. Suction bell
2. Capscrew screwed into the tapped hole in the shaft with washers, as required
3. Suction bell hub
4. 0.01 in. (0.25 mm groove)
c) Hold the shaft in this position by inserting a capscrew with a washer into the hole in the end of
the suction bell and then into the threaded hole in the end of the shaft.
4. Install the impeller:
a) Slide the first impeller over the shaft until it seats on the suction bell.
b) Insert a screwdriver into the slot in the taper collet, spread the slot, and slide the collet over the
pump shaft.
c) Hold the impeller against the bowl and slide the collet into the impeller hub.
5. Hold the shaft with a capscrew and washer against the suction bell and drive the taper collet into place
with a collet driver.
1. Shaft
2. Collet
3. Impeller
4. Location to hold impeller against the bowl and drive collet into impeller hub
5. Collet driver assembly position
6. After collet is in place, recheck the X dimension.
7. Slide the intermediate bowl onto the shaft and secure it with the capscrews provided.
8. Repeat preceding procedure for number of stages required.
9. Remove the capscrew and washer and make sure of the following:
• The shaft rotates freely without dragging or binding.
• There is adequate lateral end play.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 63
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Maintenance (Continued)
Install the keyed bowl assembly
1. Install the key into the keyway of the pump shaft, slide the impeller over the shaft, and position the
impeller on the key.
2. Install a split-thrust ring on the pump shaft groove and secure it to the impeller with capscrews.
3. Slide an intermediate bowl over the pump shaft and secure it to the suction bell with capscrews.
4. Repeat these steps for the number of stages required.
Pump shaft setup dimensions
The size of the pump is stated on the nameplate and on the Certified Pump Outline Drawing.
Pump size X dimension (inches) X dimension (millimeters)
4D 1.31 33.27
6A 1.37 34.80
6D 1.37 34.80
6J 1.37 34.80
7A 1.37 34.80
8A 1.37 34.80
8D 1.37 34.80
8J 1.37 34.80
9A 1.37 34.80
10A 1.75 44.45
10D 1.75 44.45
10J 1.75 44.45
10L 2.12 53.85
11A 2.12 53.85
12D 2.25 57.15
12J 2.12 53.85
14D 2.75 69.85
14H 2.75 69.85
14J 2.75 69.85
16D - Bell 1.75 44.45
16D - Bowl 2.75 69.85
18H 2.75 69.85
20H 0.87 22.10
28T 4.50 114.30
36T 6.25 158.75
64 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 67
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Operation troubleshooting
Symptom Cause Remedy
Pump does not start. The electrical circuit is open or not complete. Check the circuit and make any necessary
corrections.
The impellers are binding against the bowls. Reset the impeller adjustment. See Installation
for details.
The electric driver is not receiving enough
voltage.
The motor is defective. Consult an ITT representative.
The pump is not delivering liquid. The bowl assembly is not submerged enough. Adjust the liquid level in the sump as necessary.
The suction strainer is clogged. Remove the obstructions.
There is an obstruction in the liquid passage. Pull the pump and inspect the impeller and bowl.
The discharge head is not properly vented. Open the vent.
The pump is not producing the
rated flow or head.
There is not enough pressure. The impellers are not rotating fast enough. Make sure that the turbine is receiving full
The pump starts and then stops
pumping.
The impellers are not rotating fast enough. Make sure that the driver is wired correctly and
The impellers are rotating the wrong
direction.
The total pump head is too high. Check the pipe friction losses. Use larger
The liquid passages are partially obstructed. Inspect the impellers and bowls and remove
There is cavitation. Insufficient NPSH is available.
The impellers are too high (semi-open
construction only).
The liquid passage is obstructed. Inspect the impellers and bowls and remove
The impellers are rotating the wrong
direction.
The impellers are too high (semi-open
construction only).
Excessive power is required. Use a larger driver. Consult an ITT
The pump is pumping a higher viscosity or
different specific gravity liquid than it was
designed to handle.
Critical parts have experienced mechanical
failure.
The impellers are rotating too fast. Check the frequency on the motor.
The pump and driver are misaligned. Realign the pump and driver.
The discharge head is not properly vented. Open the vent.
Make sure that the driver is wired correctly and
receiving full voltage.
receiving full voltage.
Make sure the impellers are spinning
counterclockwise when viewed from above.
Check the engagement of the motor coupling.
discharge piping.
any obstructions.
Reset the impeller adjustment. See Installation
for details.
steam pressure.
any obstructions.
Make sure the impellers are spinning
counterclockwise when viewed from above.
Check the engagement of the motor coupling.
Reset the impeller adjustment. See Installation
for details.
representative.
Test the liquid for viscosity and specific
gravity. Consult an ITT representative.
Check the bearings, wear rings, and impellers
for damage. Any irregularities in these parts
will cause a drag on the shaft. Replace any
damaged parts as necessary.
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 65
Page 68
Troubleshooting (Continued)
Symptom Cause Remedy
The pump requires excessive power. The impellers are damaged. Inspect the impeller for damage and replace it
if necessary.
A foreign object is lodged between the
Remove the object.
impeller and the bowl.
The liquid is heavier than expected. Check the specific gravity and viscosity.
The liquid viscosity is too high or the
pumped fluid is partially freezing.
Check for both conditions. They can cause
drag on the impeller. Consult an ITT
representative.
The bearings are defective. Replace the bearings and check the shaft or
shaft sleeve for scoring.
The stuffing-box packing is too tight. Release the gland pressure and retighten. Keep
the leakage flowing. If there is no leakage, then
check the packing, sleeve, or shaft.
See Maintenance for details.
The pump is noisy. The pump is cavitating. Increase the liquid level in the sump.
The shaft is bent. Straighten as necessary.
Rotating parts are binding, loose, or broken. Replace parts as necessary.
The bearings are worn. Replace the bearings.
The discharge head is not properly vented. Open the vent.
The pump is vibrating excessively. One of these conditions might exist:
• The coupling is misaligned.
• The shaft is bent.
Determine the cause by using a vibration
frequency analyzer or by disassembling the
pump. A complex problem might require the
assistance of an ITT representative.
• The impellers are not balanced.
• The bearings are worn.
• There is cavitation.
• There is strain on the discharge piping.
• There is resonance.
The driver shaft is not adjusted properly. Readjust the driver. See Installation for details.
There is excessive leakage from the
stuffing box.
The packing is defective. Replace any packing that is worn or damaged.
The wrong kind of packing was used. Consult an ITT representative.
The stuffing box is overheating. The packing is too tight. Release the gland pressure and retighten. Keep
the leakage flowing. If there is no leakage, then
check the packing, sleeve, or shaft.
See Maintenance for details.
The packing is not lubricated. Release the gland pressure and replace any
packing that is burned or damaged. Regrease
the packing as necessary.
The wrong grade of packing was used. Consult an ITT representative.
The stuffing box was improperly packed. Repack the stuffing box.
The packing wears out too fast. The shaft or shaft sleeve is worn or scored. Remachine or replace any parts as necessary.
There is insufficient leakage across the
packing.
Repack the stuffing box and make sure that the
packing is loose enough to allow some leakage.
The stuffing box was improperly packed. Repack the stuffing box properly, making sure
that all old packing is removed and the stuffing
box is clean.
The wrong grade of packing was used. Consult an ITT representative.
66 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 69
Symptom Cause Remedy
The mechanical seal leaks. The seal faces are not flat due to the gland
bolts being too tight, causing warpage of
Remove the gland bolts and then reinstall them
properly.
the gland and insert.
The shaft packing has been chipped during
Replace the packing.
installation.
One of these conditions exists:
• The carbon insert is cracked.
Remove the mechanical seal, inspect, and
replace as necessary.
• The insert face or seal ring was chipped
during installation.
The seal faces are scored from foreign
particles between the faces.
Install a strainer, and then filter or cyclone the
separator as required to filter out any foreign
particles.
The seal squeals during operation. There is an inadequate amount of liquid at
the seal faces.
A bypass flush line is necessary. If a bypass line
is already in use, then enlarge it to produce
more flow.
Carbon dust is accumulating on the
outside of the gland ring.
There is an inadequate amount of liquid at
the seal faces.
Liquid film is flashing and evaporating
Bypass the flush line. If a bypass line is already
in use, then enlarge it to produce more flow.
Consult an ITT representative.
between the seal faces and leaving residue,
which is grinding away the carbon.
The seal leaks but nothing appears
The seal faces are not flat. Relap or replace the seal faces.
to be wrong.
The seal is wearing out too quickly. Product is abrasive, causing excessive seal
face wear.
Determine the source of the abrasives and
install a bypass flushing to prevent abrasives
from accumulating in the seal area. Install a
cyclone separator as necessary.
Abrasives are forming due to the process
liquid cooling and crystallizing or partially
solidifying in the seal area.
Install a bypass flush line to hold the liquid
temperature around the seal above the
crystallization point.
The seal is running too hot. Check for possible rubbing of the seal
components. Recirculation or a bypass line
may be necessary.
The wrong kind of seal was used. Consult an ITT representative.
Troubleshooting (Continued)
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 67
Page 70
C
610
722
759
613
735
614
730
760/735
718
620
616
600
608
760A
641
760B
735A
642
646
653
644
649
660
760C
672
669
760E
670
760F
760K
698
689
747
690
692
681
680
673
730
725
759
653
652
A
E
D
624
617
779
760L
739/735
718
602
760M
B
Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings
Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings
VIT FF product lube
This image shows the VIT-FF with motor support (two-piece head construction):
68 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
This pump has these features:
• Flanged adjustable coupling
• Standard stuffing box
Page 71
Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings (Continued)
• Flanged column with integral bearing retainer and lineshaft bearing
• Bowl assembly:
• Keyed impellers
• Bowl and impeller wear rings
• Strainer (basket type)
Label Part name
A Optional, on duplicate pumps
B VSS motor
C Motor key, supplied by the motor vendor
D Mounting holes
E Bypass, return to sump
600 Head
602 Motor support
608 Headshaft
610 Hub motor
613 Adjusting plate
614 Pump hub
616 Stuffing box
617 Bearing
620 Packing
624 Bypass line assembly, tube and fitting
641 Top column
642 Intermediate column
644 Bottom column
646 Lineshaft
649 Lineshaft coupling
652 Bearing retainer
653 Lineshaft bearing
660 Pump shaft
669 Top bowl
670 Intermediate bowl
672 Bowl bearing
673 Impeller
680 Bowl wear ring
681 Impeller wear ring
689 Suction bell
690 Suction bearing
692 Sand collar
698 Basket type strainer
718 Coupling guard
722 Retaining ring
725 Thrust ring
730 Key
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 69
Page 72
Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings (Continued)
Label Part name
735 Hex nut
739 Stud
747 Pipe plug
759 Socket head capscrew
760 Capscrew
760A Column/head capscrew
760B Column/column capscrew
760C Column/bowl capscrew
760E Bowl/bowl capscrew
760F Bowl/bell capscrew
760K Strainer capscrew
760L Support head capscrew
779 Gasket
70 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 73
VIT FF enclosed lineshaft
D
E
610
722
759
613
735
614
730
747
600
629
760A
608
641
654
656
642
760B
735
646
644
649
668
760C
666
660
760D
664
669
760E
670
760F
760K
698
689
747
690
692
681
680
673
730
725
759
B
F
760L
718
602
760M
A
A1
626
747
628
760
620
625
629
818
A2
739
735
620
626
628
760
620
625
629
635
618
B2*
B2.1
B1*
B1.1
C
Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings (Continued)
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 71
Label Part name
A Tension plate, oil lube and water flush
A1 Tension plate – oil lubricated
A2 Tension plate – water flushed
B Tube stabilizer
B1 Tube stabilizer
B1.1 Integral tube stabilizer (welded to column)
Page 74
Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings (Continued)
Label Part name
B2 Tube stabilizer
B2.1 Tube stabilizer (optional on duplicate pumps)
C 32 in. (81 cm) and larger bowl assembly (with flush
D VSS motor
E Motor key, supplied by motor vendor
F Mounting holes
600 Head
602 Motor support
608 Headshaft
610 Hub motor
613 Adjusting plate
614 Pump hub
618 Gland
620 Packing
625 Tension plate
626 Tension nut
628 Bearing
629 Tube nipple
635 Line assembly, water flush
641 Top column
642 Intermediate column
644 Bottom column
646 Lineshaft
649 Lineshaft coupling
654 Enclosed tube
656 Bearing tube
660 Pump shaft
664 Bearing throttle
666 Discharge bowl
668 Bearing adapter
669 Top bowl
670 Intermediate bowl
673 Impeller
680 Bowl wear ring
681 Impeller wear ring
689 Suction bell
690 Suction bearing
692 Sand collar
698 Basket type strainer
718 Coupling guard
722 Retaining ring
only)
72 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 75
Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings (Continued)
Label Part name
725 Thrust ring
730 Key
735 Hex nut
739 Stud
747 Pipe plug
759 Socket head capscrew
760 Capscrew
760A Column/head capscrew
760B Column/column capscrew
760C Column/bowl capscrew
760D Bowl/discharge bowl capscrew
760E Bowl/bowl capscrew
760F Bowl/bell capscrew
760K Strainer capscrew
760L Support head capscrew
760M Motor/support capscrew
818 Lubricator assembly
Stabilizers provided:
• Every 10 ft. (3 m) up to 40 ft. (12 m) of column
• Every 40 ft. (12 m) over 40 ft. (12 m) of column
Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance 73
Page 76
Local ITT Contacts
Local ITT Contacts
Regional offices
Region Address Telephone Fax
North America (Headquarters) ITT - Goulds Pumps
Vertical Products Operation
3951 Capitol Avenue
City of Industry, CA 90601–1734
USA
Asia Pacific ITT Industrial Process
10 Jalan Kilang #06-01
Singapore 159410
Europe ITT - Goulds Pumps
Millwey Rise Industrial Estate
Axminster, Devon, England
EX13 5HU
Latin America ITT - Goulds Pumps
Camino La Colina # 1448
Condominio Industrial El Rosal
Huechuraba – Santiago
8580000
Chile
Middle East and Africa ITT - Goulds Pumps
Achileos Kyrou 4
Neo Psychiko 115 25 Athens
Greece
+1–562–949–2113 +1–562–695–8523
+65–627–63693 +65– 627–63685
+44–1297–630250 +44–1297–630256
+562–544–7000
+30–210–677–0770 +30–210–677–5642
+562–544–7001
74 Model VIT Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
Page 77
Page 78
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Contact Us
Goulds Pumps has offices, warehouses and manufacturing facilities worldwide,
while doing business in over 100 countries in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East
and Asia Pacific. To find your nearest distributor, use our convenient Sales and
Service Locator found on our Web site.
Visit our Web site for the latest version of this document and more information
www.gouldspumps.com
ITT - Goulds Pumps Vertical Products Operation
3951 Capitol Avenue
City of Industry, CA 90601-1734
USA
Tel. (562) 949-2113
Fax (562) 695-8523
© 2009 ITT Corporation. Original Instructions. IVIT 04/2009
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