Goulds Pumps API 3171 User Manual

Goulds Pumps

Installation, Operation, and
Maintenance Manual

Model API 3171

Table of Contents

Introduction and Safety...................................................................................................................................................4

Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................................4

Safety...................................................................................................................................................................................4

Safety terminology and symbols..................................................................................................................................4

Environmental safety.....................................................................................................................................................5

User safety.......................................................................................................................................................................6

Ex-approved products...................................................................................................................................................7

Product warranty...............................................................................................................................................................8

Transportation and Storage............................................................................................................................................9

Inspect the delivery...........................................................................................................................................................9

Inspect the package........................................................................................................................................................9

Inspect the unit...............................................................................................................................................................9

Transportation guidelines.................................................................................................................................................9

Pump handling................................................................................................................................................................9

Lifting methods..............................................................................................................................................................9

Storage guidelines............................................................................................................................................................10

Pump storage requirements........................................................................................................................................10

Prepare the pump for long-term storage.................................................................................................................11

Table of Contents

Product Description........................................................................................................................................................12

General description.........................................................................................................................................................12

Enclosed lineshaft........................................................................................................................................................13

Nameplate information..................................................................................................................................................14

Permissible temperatures...............................................................................................................................................16

Installation.........................................................................................................................................................................17

Preinstallation...................................................................................................................................................................17

Inspect the pump.........................................................................................................................................................17

Pump location guidelines............................................................................................................................................18

Concrete foundation requirements...........................................................................................................................18

Support plate installation...............................................................................................................................................19

Install the support plate with a pit cover..................................................................................................................19

Install the support plate without a pit cover............................................................................................................19

Stuffing box installation.................................................................................................................................................20

Install the packed stuffing box...................................................................................................................................21

Install the pump, driver, and coupling.........................................................................................................................21

Motor installation and coupling alignment.................................................................................................................22

Install the motor...........................................................................................................................................................22

Alignment checks.........................................................................................................................................................22

Permitted indicator values for alignment checks....................................................................................................23

Align the coupling........................................................................................................................................................23

Float control installation................................................................................................................................................23

Install the Square D 9036 simplex and 9038 duplex float controls.....................................................................24

Piping checklists..............................................................................................................................................................26

General piping checklist..............................................................................................................................................26

Suction piping for optional dry pit, outside tank mount, and tailpipe applications..........................................27

Steam lines.....................................................................................................................................................................28

Final piping checklist...................................................................................................................................................28

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown............................................................................................29

Preparation for startup...................................................................................................................................................29

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 1

Table of Contents

Check the rotation...........................................................................................................................................................29

Thrust bearing lubrication.............................................................................................................................................30

Flush the steady bearings............................................................................................................................................30

Sealed bearings.............................................................................................................................................................30

Lubricate the sealed bearings with grease cups.......................................................................................................31

Shaft sealing with a mechanical seal.............................................................................................................................32

Shaft sealing with a stuffing box...................................................................................................................................33

Steam jacket pumps (molten sulfur construction).....................................................................................................33

Impeller-clearance setting..............................................................................................................................................33

Set the impeller clearance - dial indicator method .................................................................................................33

Set the impeller clearance - feeler gauge method ...................................................................................................34

Pump priming..................................................................................................................................................................35

Install the coupling guard...............................................................................................................................................35

Start the pump.................................................................................................................................................................36

Pump operation precautions.........................................................................................................................................37

Shut down the pump......................................................................................................................................................37

Make the final alignment of the pump and driver......................................................................................................38

Maintenance......................................................................................................................................................................39

Maintenance schedule.....................................................................................................................................................39

Bearing maintenance.......................................................................................................................................................39

Thrust bearings............................................................................................................................................................40

Lubricate the bearings after a shutdown period......................................................................................................40

Lubricating-grease requirements...............................................................................................................................40

Steady bearings.............................................................................................................................................................41

Shaft-seal maintenance...................................................................................................................................................41

Mechanical-seal maintenance.....................................................................................................................................41

Packed stuffing-box maintenance..............................................................................................................................42

Disassembly......................................................................................................................................................................42

Disassembly precautions.............................................................................................................................................42

Tools required...............................................................................................................................................................43

Drain the pump............................................................................................................................................................43

Remove the pump from the sump............................................................................................................................43

Remove the impeller....................................................................................................................................................45

Disassemble the column.............................................................................................................................................46

Preassembly inspections.................................................................................................................................................47

Replacement guidelines...............................................................................................................................................47

Shaft replacement guidelines......................................................................................................................................48

Bearings inspection......................................................................................................................................................48

Bearing fits and tolerances..........................................................................................................................................49

Reassembly.......................................................................................................................................................................49

Assemble the column and support plate..................................................................................................................49

Assemble the rotating element...................................................................................................................................50

Assemble the column..................................................................................................................................................51

Assemble the impeller, suction cover, and strainer.................................................................................................51

Troubleshooting...............................................................................................................................................................53

Operation troubleshooting............................................................................................................................................53

Assembly troubleshooting.............................................................................................................................................54

Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings.........................................................................................................55

Cross-sectional diagram.................................................................................................................................................55

Dimensional drawings....................................................................................................................................................56

Parts list.............................................................................................................................................................................57

Other Relevant Documentation or Manuals...........................................................................................................60

For additional documentation.......................................................................................................................................60

2 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Table of Contents

Local ITT Contacts.........................................................................................................................................................61

Regional offices................................................................................................................................................................61

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 3

Introduction and Safety

Introduction and Safety

Introduction

Purpose of this manual

The purpose of this manual is to provide necessary information for:

• Installation

• Operation

• Maintenance

CAUTION:

Read this manual carefully before installing and using the product. Improper use of the product can cause

personal injury and damage to property, and may void the warranty.

NOTICE:

Save this manual for future reference, and keep it readily available at the location of the unit.

Safety

WARNING:

• The operator must be aware of safety precautions to prevent physical injury.

• Any pressure-containing device can explode, rupture, or discharge its contents if it is over-pressurized.
Take all necessary measures to avoid over-pressurization.

• Operating, installing, or maintaining the unit in any way that is not covered in this manual could cause
death, serious personal injury, or damage to the equipment. This includes any modification to the
equipment or use of parts not provided by ITT. If there is a question regarding the intended use of
the equipment, please contact an ITT representative before proceeding.

• This manual clearly identifies accepted methods for disassembling units. These methods must be
adhered to. Trapped liquid can rapidly expand and result in a violent explosion and injury. Never apply
heat to impellers, propellers, or their retaining devices to aid in their removal.

• Do not change the service application without the approval of an authorized ITT representative.

CAUTION:

You must observe the instructions contained in this manual. Failure to do so could result in physical injury,
damage, or delays.

Safety terminology and symbols

About safety messages

It is extremely important that you read, understand, and follow the safety messages and regulations
carefully before handling the product. They are published to help prevent these hazards:

• Personal accidents and health problems

• Damage to the product

• Product malfunction

4 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Hazard levels

Hazard level Indication

A hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will

DANGER:

WARNING:

CAUTION:

result in death or serious injury

A hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury

A hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in minor or moderate injury

Introduction and Safety

Hazard categories

The Ex symbol

NOTICE:

Hazard categories can either fall under hazard levels or let specific symbols replace the ordinary hazard
level symbols.

Electrical hazards are indicated by the following specific symbol:

Electrical Hazard:

These are examples of other categories that can occur. They fall under the ordinary hazard levels and may
use complementing symbols:

• Crush hazard

• Cutting hazard

• Arc flash hazard

The Ex symbol indicates safety regulations for Ex-approved products when used in atmospheres that are
potentially explosive or flammable.

• A potential situation which, if not avoided,
could result in undesirable conditions

• A practice not related to personal injury

Environmental safety

The work area

Always keep the station clean to avoid and/or discover emissions.

Waste and emissions regulations

Observe these safety regulations regarding waste and emissions:

• Appropriately dispose of all waste.

• Handle and dispose of the processed liquid in compliance with applicable environmental regulations.

• Clean up all spills in accordance with safety and environmental procedures.

• Report all environmental emissions to the appropriate authorities.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 5

Introduction and Safety

Electrical installation

For electrical installation recycling requirements, consult your local electric utility.

Recycling guidelines

Always follow local laws and regulations regarding recycling.

User safety

General safety rules

These safety rules apply:

• Always keep the work area clean.

• Pay attention to the risks presented by gas and vapors in the work area.

• Avoid all electrical dangers. Pay attention to the risks of electric shock or arc flash hazards.

• Always bear in mind the risk of drowning, electrical accidents, and burn injuries.

Safety equipment

Use safety equipment according to the company regulations. Use this safety equipment within the work
area:

• Helmet

• Safety goggles, preferably with side shields

• Protective shoes

• Protective gloves

• Gas mask

• Hearing protection

• First-aid kit

• Safety devices

NOTICE:

Never operate a unit unless safety devices are installed. Also see specific information about safety
devices in other chapters of this manual.

Electrical connections

Electrical connections must be made by certified electricians in compliance with all international, national,
state, and local regulations. For more information about requirements, see sections dealing specifically with
electrical connections.

Precautions before work

Observe these safety precautions before you work with the product or are in connection with the product:

• Provide a suitable barrier around the work area, for example, a guard rail.

• Make sure that all safety guards are in place and secure.

• Allow all system and pump components to cool before you handle them.

• Make sure that you have a clear path of retreat.

• Make sure that the product cannot roll or fall over and injure people or damage property.

• Make sure that the lifting equipment is in good condition.

• Use a lifting harness, a safety line, and a breathing device as required.

• Make sure that the product is thoroughly clean.

• Make sure that there are no poisonous gases within the work area.

• Make sure that you have quick access to a first-aid kit.

• Disconnect and lock out power before servicing.

• Check the explosion risk before you weld or use electric hand tools.

Wash the skin and eyes

Do the following if chemicals or hazardous fluids have come into contact with your eyes or your skin:

6 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Introduction and Safety

If you need to wash
your...

Eyes

Skin

Then...

1. Hold your eyelids apart forcibly with your fingers.

2. Rinse the eyes with eyewash or running water for at least 15 minutes.

3. Seek medical attention.

1. Remove contaminated clothing.

2. Wash the skin with soap and water for at least one minute.

3. Seek medical attention, if required.

Ex-approved products

Follow these special handling instructions if you have an Ex-approved unit.

Personnel requirements

These are the personnel requirements for Ex-approved products in potentially explosive atmospheres:

• All work on the product must be carried out by certified electricians and ITT-authorized mechanics.
Special rules apply to installations in explosive atmospheres.

• All users must know about the risks of electric current and the chemical and physical characteristics of
the gas, the vapor, or both present in hazardous areas.

• Any maintenance for Ex-approved products must conform to international and national standards
(for example, IEC/EN 60079-17).

ITT disclaims all responsibility for work done by untrained and unauthorized personnel.

Product and product handling requirements

These are the product and product handling requirements for Ex-approved products in potentially
explosive atmospheres:

• Only use the product in accordance with the approved motor data.

• The Ex-approved product must never run dry during normal operation. Dry running during service
and inspection is only permitted outside the classified area.

• Before you start work on the product, make sure that the product and the control panel are isolated
from the power supply and the control circuit, so they cannot be energized.

• Do not open the product while it is energized or in an explosive gas atmosphere.

• Make sure that thermal contacts are connected to a protection circuit according to the approval
classification of the product, and that they are in use.

• Intrinsically safe circuits are normally required for the automatic level-control system by the level
regulator if mounted in zone 0.

• The yield stress of fasteners must be in accordance with the approval drawing and the product
specification.

• Do not modify the equipment without approval from an authorized ITT representative.

• Only use parts that are provided by an authorized ITT representative.

Description of ATEX

The ATEX directives are a specification enforced in Europe for electrical and non-electrical equipment
installed in Europe. ATEX deals with the control of potentially explosive atmospheres and the standards
of equipment and protective systems used within these atmospheres. The relevance of the ATEX
requirements is not limited to Europe. You can apply these guidelines to equipment installed in any
potentially explosive atmosphere.

Guidelines for compliance

Compliance is fulfilled only when you operate the unit within its intended use. Do not change the
conditions of the service without the approval of an ITT representative. When you install or maintain
explosion proof products, always comply with the directive and applicable standards (for example, IEC/
EN 60079–14).

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 7

Introduction and Safety

Product warranty

Coverage

ITT undertakes to remedy faults in products from ITT under these conditions:

• The faults are due to defects in design, materials, or workmanship.

• The faults are reported to an ITT representative within the warranty period.

• The product is used only under the conditions described in this manual.

• The monitoring equipment incorporated in the product is correctly connected and in use.

• All service and repair work is done by ITT-authorized personnel.

• Genuine ITT parts are used.

• Only Ex-approved spare parts and accessories authorized by ITT are used in Ex-approved products.

Limitations

The warranty does not cover faults caused by these situations:

• Deficient maintenance

• Improper installation

• Modifications or changes to the product and installation made without consulting ITT

• Incorrectly executed repair work

• Normal wear and tear

ITT assumes no liability for these situations:

• Bodily injuries

• Material damages

• Economic losses

Warranty claim

ITT products are high-quality products with expected reliable operation and long life. However, should the
need arise for a warranty claim, then contact your ITT representative.

8 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Transportation and Storage

Inspect the delivery

Inspect the package

1. Inspect the package for damaged or missing items upon delivery.

2. Note any damaged or missing items on the receipt and freight bill.

3. File a claim with the shipping company if anything is out of order.

If the product has been picked up at a distributor, make a claim directly to the distributor.

Inspect the unit

1. Remove packing materials from the product.

Dispose of all packing materials in accordance with local regulations.

2. Inspect the product to determine if any parts have been damaged or are missing.

3. If applicable, unfasten the product by removing any screws, bolts, or straps.

For your personal safety, be careful when you handle nails and straps.

4. Contact your sales representative if anything is out of order.

Transportation and Storage

Transportation guidelines

Pump handling

WARNING:

• Make sure that the pump cannot roll or fall over and injure people or damage property.

• These pumps might use carbon or ceramic silicon carbide components. Do not drop the pump or
subject it to shock loads as this can damage the internal ceramic components.

NOTICE: Use a forklift truck or an overhead crane with sufficient capacity to move the pallet with the
pump unit on top. Failure to do so can result in equipment damage.

Lifting methods

WARNING:

• Assembled units and their components are heavy. Failure to properly lift and support this equipment
can result in serious physical injury and/or equipment damage. Lift equipment only at the specifically
identified lifting points. Lifting devices such as eyebolts, slings, and spreaders must be rated, selected,
and used for the entire load being lifted.

• Crush hazard. The unit and the components can be heavy. Use proper lifting methods and wear steel­toed shoes at all times.

• Do not attach sling ropes to shaft ends.

Use the supplied lifting lugs and suitable slings in order to lift the entire pump to a vertical position and
lower the unit into the sump. Then use the lifting lugs on the motor and a suitable sling in order to hoist
the motor into position. Use a tag line attached to the casing end in order to prevent the pump from
swinging.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 9

Transportation and Storage

Examples

Figure 1: Example of lifting motor properly with
lifting lugs

Figure 2: Example of lifting pump properly with
sling

Storage guidelines

Pump storage requirements

Requirements

Vertical pumps require proper preparation for storage and regular maintenance during storage. The pump
is considered in storage when it has been delivered to the job site and is awaiting installation.

For specific requirements for storing motors, gearheads, and engines, contact the equipment manufacturer.

Storage preparation

Condition Proper preparation

Indoor storage area (preferred)

Outdoor storage area (when indoor
storage is not available)

Placement of pumps and component
parts

Stacking of pumps or component parts

• Pave the area.

• Clean the area.

• Drain the area and keep it free from flooding.

• Observe all indoor storage requirements.

• Use weather-proof coverings such as flame-resistant sheeting
or tarpaulins.

• Place coverings in a manner that maximizes drainage and air
circulation.

• Tie coverings down in order to protect the pump from wind
damage.

• Place the pump on skids, pallets, or shoring higher than 6 in.
(15 cm) from the ground for good air circulation.

• Sort the parts in order to permit easy access for inspection
and/or maintenance without excessive handling.

• Make sure that racks, containers, or crates bear the full
weight of pumps or parts in order to prevent distortion.

• Keep identification markings readily visible.

• Immediately replace any cover you remove for internal
access.

10 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Condition Proper preparation

Rotation of the pump and bowl
assembly shaft

Controlled storage facilities

Uncontrolled storage facilities that have
uneven temperatures, higher humidity,
and/or dusty conditions)

When pump is not in regular operation

If a pump has been installed, but is not in regular operation for an extended period of time, such as during
a seasonal shutdown, then operate it for at least 15 minutes every two weeks, if possible.

Prepare the pump for long-term storage

For storage periods over six months, you must follow the pump storage requirements and this procedure:

1. Inspect the lube-oil and seal-flush piping and either fill the piping with rust-preventative oil, or recoat
the piping periodically in order to prevent corrosion.

2. Place 10 lbs (4.5 kg) of moisture-absorbing desiccant or 5.0 lbs (2.3 kg) of vapor-phase inhibitor
crystals near the center of the pump.

3. If the pump is assembled, place an additional one pound (0.5 kg) in the discharge nozzle and securely
fasten the nozzle to the discharge elbow.

4. Install a moisture indicator near the perimeter of the pump.

5. Cover the pump with black polyethylene with a minimum thickness of 6.0 mil (0.15 mm), and seal it
with tape.

6. Provide a small ventilation hole approximately 0.5 in. (12.0 mm) in diameter.

7. Provide a roof or shed shelter in order to protect the pump from direct exposure to the elements.

Transportation and Storage

• Rotate the pump and bowl assembly shaft counterclockwise
once a month, at a minimum.

• Never leave the shaft in a previous position or in the extreme
raised or lowered lateral position.

• Make sure that the shaft rotates freely.

• Maintain an even temperature of 10°F (6°C) or higher above
the dew point.

• Keep the relative humidity to less than 50%.

• Make sure that there is little or no dust.

• Inspect the pump periodically to make sure that all
preservatives are intact.

• Seal all pipe threads and flanged pipe covers with tape.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 11

Product Description

Product Description

General description

Product description

The Model API 3171 is a vertical submerged bearing sump and process pump that meets the requirements
of the 10th and 11th editions of API Standard 610 (ISO 13709).

This model is based on three bearing frames with 17 hydraulic sizes. The S/ST group has identical
bearings with a slightly different shaft on the impeller end for the S and ST. The M/MT group is identical
in all aspects for the power end. However, the liquid end of the MT is common with the S group except
that the MT is modified to accept a larger shaft. There are two MT sizes that are common with the S/ST
group.

This table shows the number of hydraulic sizes available for each drive-unit size group. Note that each
pump has a choice of two different discharge pipes which results in four combinations.

Drive-unit size group Number of hydraulic sizes

S/ST 9

M/MT 8

L 2

Casing

Impeller

Strainer

Discharge elbow

Column pipe

The casing has these features:

• A tangential discharge

• Is self-venting

• Has an integral bearing retainer

• Is precision-bored in order to ensure permanent alignment between the column casing, suction cover,
and bearing

The impeller is fully open, keyed to the shaft, and held in place by a self-locking capscrew in order to
ensure positive locking and prevent damage from reverse rotation. Impellers are spin-balanced (single
plane) to ISO G2.5. The impeller is provided with back vanes in order to reduce the axial thrust and
prevent the entrance of solids.

The impellers on this pump do not meet the dimensional requirements for dynamic balancing.

The flat plate strainer is designed to maximize draw-down in a given sump depth. Openings are sized to
prevent the entrance of large solids that are commonly found in open sumps.

The discharge elbow is designed to allow the pump to fit into the smallest possible opening. A threaded
connection to the discharge pipe allows the pipe to be changed without removing the pump from the
sump.

The column pipe has flanged connections that are machined in order to ensure true parallelism and to
maintain steady bearings concentric with the shaft.

Shaft

The standard design uses a one-piece shaft in order to ensure accurate alignment. The shaft is precision­ground, polished, and straightened to keep vibration and deflection to a minimum. Standard bearing spans
keep the shaft well below first critical speed for all sizes.

12 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Bearings

Seals

Motor support

Product Description

The thrust bearing is grease- or oil-mist-lubricated and consists of a pair of single-row, angular contact ball
bearings arranged back-to back. The bearing is shouldered and locked to the shaft and housing. This
enables the bearing to carry all of the thrust loads and some of the radial load. All fits are precision­machined to industry standards. The steady bearings are press fit sleeve bearings. Fits are designed for
optimum life under all operating conditions.

This pump has three seals:

Seal type Description

Upper labyrinth seal This seal is used to exclude dirt and water from the thrust

bearing.

Lower labyrinth seal This seal is used below the thrust bearing in order to contain the

grease and exclude any possible contamination.

Carbon Teflon® casing collar This seal is installed immediately behind the impeller in the casing

in order to minimize recirculation back to the sump and
maximize hydraulic efficiency.

Motor supports are cast construction and precision-machined in order to maintain proper alignment
between the motor and pump shaft with minimal shimming. Motor supports are designed for vertical C­face motors as standard. P-base supports and IEC adapters are available upon request.

Direction of rotation

The shaft rotates clockwise when you look down on the pump shaft.

Enclosed lineshaft

The enclosed lineshaft design lends itself well for applications where abrasives are present in the pumped
fluid, or when a bearing lubricant other than the pumped fluid is required.

Lubrication system

CAUTION:

The fluid must run continuously to ensure flow out of the column at all times. If the flush stops, the fluid
in the sump can back up into the column. This contaminates the bearings.

The main feature of this modified design is a positive lubrication system for all bearings. This design
requires a minimum of lubrication fluid due to the bushing located at the bottom of the column adapter
housing directly above the impeller.

Acceptable leak rates

Leaks (flows) across the bushing for certain pressure differentials are shown in this table. Higher pressures
will result in higher leaks.

Pressure differential (PSI) Approximate leak rate (GPM)

3.0 0.33

5.0 0.44

7.5 0.60

Standard materials of construction

• Floating bushings are 18-8 stainless steel housing and spring with a glass-filled Teflon bushing.

• Flush tubing is steel.

Drawing

Positive flow must be maintained at all times.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 13

2

1

Product Description

1. Flush Inlet connection 1/4 pressure = 3 PSI + "P" PSI

2. Maximum liquid level "P" PSI above suction

Nameplate information

Important information for ordering

Every pump has a nameplate that provides information about the pump. The nameplate is located on the
motor support.

14 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

When you order spare parts, identify this pump information:

• Model

• Size

• Serial number

• Item numbers of the required parts

Refer to the nameplate on the pump casing for most of the information. See Parts List for item numbers.

Nameplate on the pump casing using English units

Table 1: Explanation of nameplate on the pump casing

Nameplate field Explanation

IMPLR. DIA. Impeller diameter, in inches

MAX. DIA. Maximum impeller diameter, in inches

GPM Rated pump flow, in gallons per minute

FT HD Rated pump head, in feet

RPM Rated pump speed, revolutions per minute

MOD. Pump model

SIZE Size of the pump

STD. NO. ANSI standard designation

MAT L. CONST. Material of which the pump is constructed

SER. NO. Serial number of the pump

MAX DSGN PSI

Maximum pressure at 100ºF according to the pump design

@ 100F

Product Description

Nameplate on the pump casing using metric units

Table 2: Explanation of the nameplate on the pump casing

Nameplate field Explanation

IMPLR. DIA. Impeller diameter

MAX. DIA. Maximum impeller diameter

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 15

Product Description

ATEX nameplate

Nameplate field Explanation

M3/HR Rated pump flow, in cubic meters per hour

M HD Rated pump head, in meters

RPM Rated pump speed, in revolutions per minute

MOD. Pump model

SIZE Size of the pump

STD. NO. ANSI standard designation

MAT L. CONST Material of which the pump is constructed

SER. NO. Serial number of the pump

MAX. DSGN KG/CM3 @
20°C

Nameplate field Explanation

II Group 2

2 Category 2

G/D Pump can be used when gas and dust are present

T4 Temperature class

Kilograms per cubic centimeter at 20°C

NOTICE: Make sure that the code classifications on the pump are compatible with the specific
environment in which you plan to install the equipment. If they are not compatible, do not operate the
equipment and contact your ITT representative before you proceed.

Permissible temperatures

Code Maximum permissible surface

temperature

T1 842°F (450°C) 700°F (372°C)
T2 572°F (300°C) 530°F (277°C)
T3 392°F (200°C) 350°F (177°C)
T4 275°F (135°C) 235°F (113°C)
T5 212°F (100°C) Option not available
T6 185°F (85°C) Option not available

NOTICE:

The code classification marked on the equipment must be in accordance with the specified area where you
plan to install the equipment. If it is not, contact your ITT representative before you proceed.

Maximum permissible liquid
temperature

16 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Installation

A

Preinstallation

Precautions

WARNING:

• When installing in a potentially explosive environment, make sure that the motor is properly certified.

• You must earth (ground) all electrical equipment. This applies to the pump equipment, the driver, and
any monitoring equipment. Test the earth (ground) lead to verify that it is connected correctly.

NOTICE: Supervision by an authorized ITT representative is recommended to ensure proper installation.
Failure to do so may result in equipment damage or decreased performance.

Inspect the pump

1. Remove the plastic shipping plugs from the vent holes in the head column and the casing.

Installation

• "A" represents the location of the plugs

2. Remove all the equipment from the shipping containers.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 17

3. Completely clean the underside of the support plate and both sides of the optional pit cover, if
supplied.

4. Remove any grease from the machined surfaces.

Installation

Pump location guidelines

WARNING:

Assembled units and their components are heavy. Failure to properly lift and support this equipment can
result in serious physical injury and/or equipment damage. Lift equipment only at the specifically identified
lifting points. Lifting devices such as eyebolts, slings, and spreaders must be rated, selected, and used for
the entire load being lifted.

Guideline Explanation/comment

Make sure that the space around the pump is
sufficient.

If you require lifting equipment such as a hoist
or tackle, make sure that there is enough space
above the pump.

Protect the unit from weather and water damage
due to rain, flooding, and freezing temperatures.

Do not install and operate the equipment in
closed systems unless the system is constructed
with properly-sized safety devices and control
devices.

Take into consideration the occurrence of
unwanted noise and vibration.

Concrete foundation requirements

Requirements

Make sure that you meet these requirements when you prepare the pump foundation:

• The foundation must be able to absorb any vibration.

• The foundation must be able to form a permanent and rigid support for the pumping unit.

• The foundation must be of adequate strength in order to support the complete weight of the pump
and driver, plus the weight of the liquid that passes through it.

• There should be at least 0.5 in.(12.7 mm) clearance between the sides of the pump and any portion of
the pit.

This facilitates ventilation, inspection, maintenance, and
service.

This makes it easier to properly use the lifting
equipment and safely remove and relocate the
components to a safe location.

This is applicable if nothing else is specified.

Acceptable devices:

• Pressure relief valves

• Compression tanks

• Pressure controls

• Temperature controls

• Flow controls
If the system does not include these devices, consult the

engineer or architect in charge before you operate the
pump.

The best pump location for noise and vibration
absorption is on a concrete floor with subsoil
underneath.

Typical installation

A typical installation has these characteristics:

• Bolts with a pipe sleeve that is two and a half times the size of the bolt diameter embedded in the
concrete

• Properly sized

• Located in accordance with the dimensions given in the example drawing

• Enough space inside the pipe sleeves to allow the final position of the foundation bolts to align with
the holes in the sub-base flange

18 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

1
2

3

4

5

6

1. Hex nut

2. Washer

3. Support plate

4. 0.5 in. (12.5 mm) anchor bolt

5. Anchor bolt sleeve

6. Foundation (by customer)

Figure 3: Example of a typical installation

Installation

Support plate installation

Install the support plate with a pit cover

If access to the bottom of the pit cover is not possible during the installation process, you must assemble
and install the pump (without the motor), support plate, and pit cover as a unit. You must install the pit
cover perfectly level in order to make sure that the pump remains straight up and down when installed.

The vapor-proof option includes machined, gasketed fits between the support plate/pit cover and the pit
cover/foundation. You must install these gaskets in order to ensure emissions performance. Bolt the pit
cover to a metal sole plate with a machined surface in order to ensure an air tight seal.

1. Carefully lower the pit cover onto the foundation bolts.

2. Use as long a level as possible in order to level the pit cover in all directions with shims or wedges.

3. Hand tighten the anchor bolts. Check the level and re-shim if necessary.

4. Tighten all anchor bolts in a star pattern in order to avoid distorting the pit cover.

5. If access to the bottom side is possible, carefully lower the pump and support plate onto the pit cover.

6. Install all bolts and hand tighten.

7. Check the level on the support plate and re-shim if necessary.

8. Tighten all bolts in a star pattern in order to avoid distorting the support plate.

Install the support plate without a pit cover

1. Carefully lower the pump and support plate onto the foundation bolts.

2. Level the support plate in all directions using shims and wedges.

3. If you use the vapor-proof option, then perform one of these actions in order to make sure that you
have an air-tight seal:

Support plate

Action

type

Standard Insert the supplied gasket between the two flanges. Bolt the support plate to a

Tank flange Install the supplied gasket between the two flanges. Make sure that the mating

metal sole plate that has a machined surface.

flange on the tank is level. Use gasket material between the flanges in order to
make minor adjustments.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 19

2

3

6

9

8

7

5

4

1

Installation

Figure 4: Layout for a standard support plate with the vapor-proof option

4. Hand tighten the anchor bolts. Check the level and re-shim if necessary.

5. Tighten all anchor bolts in a star pattern in order to avoid distorting the support plate.

Stuffing box installation

This pump is a sealless design. Therefore, when temperatures exceed 180°F (82°C), you must move the
thrust bearing away from the heat source in the pump by adding the upper stuffing box. Air can then
circulate around the bearing in order to keep it cool.

The upper stuffing box is also used to minimize vapor emissions when the pump handles controlled
substances.

1. Motor support

20 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

2. Upper stuffing box

3. Gasket

4. Discharge pipe

5. Support plate

6. Gasket

7. 3 in. (76.2 mm) NPT female connection

8. Pit cover

9. Gasket

Install the packed stuffing box

355

193I

494V

367B

106

221
107

353

355C

105

364A

190G

WARNING:

Packed stuffing boxes are not allowed in an ATEX-classified environment.

The stuffing box is packed at the factory. The packing is lubricated by a grease cup supplied with the
pump.

1. Fill the grease cup with any lithium-based #2 grease.

2. Install the grease cup on the tapped opening on the stuffing box.

3. Turn the cap on the grease cup several turns in order to inject the grease into the packing.

4. Hand-tighten the gland nuts.

Installation

105 Lantern ring 353 Gland stud
106 Packing set 355 Gland nuts
107 Gland 355C Insert nuts
190G Pipe nipple 364A Packed box insert
193I Grease cup 367B Insert gasket
221 Stuffing box support 494V Pipe elbow

Install the pump, driver, and coupling

1. Mount and fasten the pump on the baseplate. Use applicable bolts.

2. Mount the driver on the baseplate. Use applicable bolts and hand tighten.

3. Install the coupling.

See the installation instructions from the coupling manufacturer.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 21

Installation

Motor installation and coupling alignment

WARNING:

• Follow shaft alignment procedures in order to prevent catastrophic failure of drive components or
unintended contact of rotating parts. Follow the coupling installation and operation procedures from
the coupling manufacturer.

• Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any installation or
maintenance tasks. Failure to disconnect and lock out driver power will result in serious physical
injury.

NOTICE: Proper alignment is the responsibility of the installer and the user of the unit. Check the
alignment of frame-mounted units before you operate the unit. Failure to do so can result in equipment
damage or decreased performance.

Install the motor

Use NEMA Vertical C-face motors with this pump. P-base motor adapters and IEC motor adapters are
available as options.

1. Install both coupling halves before you mount the motor.

Refer to the instructions from the coupling manufacturer.

2. Use the lifting lugs on the motor in order to carefully lower the motor onto the pump.

Make sure to align the bolt holes.

3. Before you connect the coupling, wire the motor and check the direction of rotation.

The rotation arrow is on the motor support. The correct rotation is clockwise as you look down from
the drive at the impeller.

Alignment checks

When to perform alignment checks

You must perform alignment checks under these circumstances:

• The process temperature changes.

• The piping changes.

• The pump has been serviced.

Types of alignment checks

Type of check When it is used

Initial alignment (cold alignment)
check

Final alignment (hot alignment)
check

Initial alignment (cold alignment) checks

When Why

Before you grout the baseplate This ensures that alignment can be accomplished.

After you grout the baseplate This ensures that no changes have occurred during the grouting

After you connect the piping This ensures that pipe strains have not altered the alignment.

Prior to operation when the pump and the driver are at ambient
temperature.

After operation when the pump and the driver are at operating
temperature.

process.

22 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Final alignment (hot alignment) checks

When Why

After the first run This ensures correct alignment when both the pump and the driver

are at operating temperature.

Periodically This follows the plant operating procedures.

Permitted indicator values for alignment checks

NOTICE: The specified permitted reading values are valid only at operating temperature. For cold
settings, other values are permitted. You must use the correct tolerances. Failure to do so can result in
misalignment and reduced pump reliability.

When dial indicators are used to check the final alignment, the pump and drive unit are correctly aligned
when these conditions are true:

• The total indicator runout is a maximum of 0.002 in. (0.05 mm) at operating temperature.

• The tolerance of the indicator is 0.0005 in./in. (0.0127 mm/mm) of indicator separation at operating
temperature.

Align the coupling

WARNING:

• Disconnect and lock out electrical power before installing or servicing the pump.

• When installing in a potentially explosive environment, make sure that the motor is properly certified.

• The coupling used in an ATEX classified environment must be properly certified.

Installation

Alignment of the pump and motor is of extreme importance for trouble-free mechanical operation.
Straight-edge alignment by an experienced installer is adequate for most installations. Use dial indicators
for disc couplings and applications where alignment to tighter tolerances is desirable. In these cases, use
standard dial indicator procedures.

1. Check for coupling alignment by using either the reverse dial indicator method or laser alignment
tools.

2. Move the motor until you achieve the correct alignment.

Refer to the coupling manufacturer literature for proper alignment criteria.

3. Install discs between the hubs per the manufacturer's directions included with the pump data package.

4. Tighten all motor bolts.

Float control installation

ITT supplies several different float controls. Refer to the float control installation instructions provided
with the controls for the proper installation procedure. This topic describes the Square D 9036 Simplex
and Square D 9038 Duplex float controls.

How float controls work

The on and off levels of the Square D 9036 simplex and the Square D 9038 duplex are controlled by
adjusting the collars (335). As the liquid level rises, the float rises to contact the upper collar and the
upward movement of the float rod causes the mechanical switch inside the control to close. This
completes the circuit to the starter. Operation continues until the liquid level drops low enough for the
float to contact the lower collar. This pulls the rod down, opening the switch and turning off the pump.

The only difference between the Square D 9036 simplex and the Square D 9038 duplex is in the operating
sequence. For the Square D 9038 duplex, the first pump starts as the water level rises. This allows the float
to contact the upper collar. When the water level drops down and shuts off the first pump, a lever arm
inside the control mechanically switches to the second pump and it comes on for the next cycle.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 23

1

2

3

5

6

7

4

Installation

APEX high level alarm

If the first pump fails to keep up with demand, or not come on at all, then a continued rise in the level
turns both pumps on. Both pumps run until the low-water level is reached. If both pumps are unable to
keep up with the demand, then an optional high-water alarm switch can be supplied in the alternator to
close a switch if the water level rises past the second pumps on the level. This switch can be wired into a
customer-supplied alarm horn or light.

The APEX high level alarm is an independent device used to sense fluid level and close a switch that
activates a separate alarm. The switch is mounted on a pipe above the support plate. The pipe must extend
into the sump 4 to 6 in. (10 to 15 cm) below the required actuation point. As the liquid level rises in the
pipe, trapped air causes bellows inside the switch to inflate and trip a microswitch. The switch can then
activate a light, horn, relay, solenoid valve, or other electric device.

1. High water alarm

2. Reducing adapter, 0.5 in. x 1.0 in. (13.0 mm x 26.0 mm)

3. Nipple, 1.0 in. (26.0 mm)

4. Coupling, 1.0 in (26.0 mm)

5. Pit cover

6. Pipe, 1.0 in (26 mm), 8.0 in. (204 mm) shorter than the pump length

7. Cut the pipe 2.5 in. (64 mm) below the required switch actuation point

Magnetrol displacer-type liquid level switch

The Magnetrol displacer-type liquid level switch is closed by a magnetic seal inside a sealed tube. Switch
operation is controlled by the buoyancy of weighted displacers suspended on a spring. As liquid level rises,
the resulting change in buoyancy moves the spring upwards. The spring movement causes a magnetic
sleeve to attract a pivoted magnet, closing the actuating switch. Refer to installation guide supplied by the
manufacturer for proper installation and configuration.

Float ball switches

Float balls are individual switches that are used in multiple configurations to control the pump circuit. The
float balls are suspended in the sump to the desired control level. When the fluid level rises to the float
ball, the switch begins to float. The float is either anchored to a pipe or weighted. This allows the switch to
tilt when the fluid continues to rise. When the float tilts, a switch closes that you can use in order to turn
the pump on, activate a high-level alarm, or control any other electrical device.

Install the Square D 9036 simplex and 9038 duplex float controls

A single float and rod assembly is used with the 9036 float switch on a simplex unit or the 9038 duplex
alternator. Refer to the wiring diagram from the manufacturer for the correct wiring of the switch.

If a pit cover is supplied with the pump, the float switch support pipe (435) and the upper rod guide (337)
are installed by the factory. If the pit cover is supplied by others, you must locate, drill, and tap the holes
before you install the switch.

24 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

339

435

335

398

337

437

335

342

335
334

336

366

Installation

1. Diameter of the coverplate (A)

2. Radius (B)

3. CL of the pump

4. Radius of 7.0 in. (178.0 mm)

5. 1.25 in. (31.8 mm) NPT float switch NTG
column

6. 0.38 in. (9.5 mm) NPT for the float rod guide

7. 8 in. (203.0 mm) diameter of float (standard)

Figure 5: Location of the float, rod, and switch

Number Coverplate diameter (A) Radius (B)

1 22 in. (559 mm) 14.50 in. (368 mm)
2 26.50 in. (673 mm) 16.50 in. (419 mm)
3 31.00 in. (787 mm) 18.50 in. (470 mm)

1. Before you install the pump in the sump, attach the lower guide arm (366) and the float rod guide
(336) to the correct suction cover bolt (based on the layout).

2. Thread the float switch support pipe (435) and the upper rod guide (337) into the pit cover.

3. Attach the float switch bracket (398) to the float switch support pipe.

You can rotate the float switch around the center line of the pump on the radius (B).

4. Install the float rod (334), float (342), and collars (335).

You must maintain the radius (4) between the float switch column and the float.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 25

Installation

Piping checklists

General piping checklist

Precautions

CAUTION:

• Never draw piping into place by using force at the flanged connections of the pump. This can impose
dangerous strains on the unit and cause misalignment between the pump and driver. Pipe strain
adversely affects the operation of the pump, which results in physical injury and damage to the
equipment.

• Vary the capacity with the regulating valve in the discharge line. Never throttle the flow from the
suction side. This action can result in decreased performance, unexpected heat generation, and
equipment damage.

Checklist

Check Explanation/comment Checked

Check that all piping is supported
independently of, and lined up
naturally with, the pump flange.

Keep the piping as short as
possible.

Check that only necessary fittings
are used.

Do not connect the piping to the
pump until:

• The grout for the baseplate or
sub-base becomes hard.

• The hold-down bolts for the
pump and the driver are
tightened.

Make sure that all the piping
joints and fittings are airtight.

If the pump handles corrosive
fluids, make sure that the piping
allows you to flush out the liquid
before you remove the pump.

If the pump handles liquids at
elevated temperatures, make sure
that the expansion loops and
joints are properly installed.

Make sure that all piping
components, valves and fittings,
and pump branches are clean
prior to assembly.

Make sure that the isolation and
check valves are installed in the
discharge line.

This helps to prevent:

• Strain on the pump

• Misalignment between the pump and the drive unit

• Wear on the pump bearings and the coupling

• Wear on the pump bearings, seal, and shafting

This helps to minimize friction losses.

This helps to minimize friction losses.

—

This prevents air from entering the piping system or
leaks that occur during operation.

—

This helps to prevent misalignment due to linear
expansion of the piping.

—

Locate the check valve between the isolation valve and
the pump. This will permit inspection of the check valve.
The isolation valve is required for regulation of flow, and
for inspection and maintenance of the pump. The check
valve prevents pump or seal damage due to reverse flow
through the pump when the driver is turned off.

26 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Check Explanation/comment Checked

Use cushioning devices. This protects the pump from surges and water hammer

if quick-closing valves are installed in the system.

Alignment criteria for pump flanges

Type Criteria

Axial The flange gasket thickness is ±0.03 in. (0.8 mm).

Parallel Align the flange to be within 0.001 in./in. to 0.03 in./in. (0.025 mm/mm to 0.8 mm/mm) of

the flange diameter.

Concentric You can easily install the flange bolts by hand.

Suction piping for optional dry pit, outside tank mount, and tailpipe applications

Checklist

Check Explanation/comment Checked

Install an elbow at the pump. Whenever possible, perform these actions:

• Use long radius elbows.

• Move the elbow further from the suction.

• Eliminate unneeded elbows.

Installation

Make sure the suction piping is a larger
diameter than the pump suction.

Install separate suction lines when more
than one pump is operating from the same
source of supply.

Make sure that the suction piping contains
no air pockets.

Make sure that the suction piping slopes
upwards toward the pump.

Make sure that all joints are air tight. —

Provide a method to prime the pump. For outside tank mount and dry pit applications,

For outside tank mount and dry pit
applications, install an isolation valve in the
suction line at least two pipe diameters
from the suction.

Make sure that the entrance to the suction
pipe is kept adequately submerged below
the free liquid surface.

For an outside tank mount application,
make sure that a column assembly is
installed.

—

—

—

—

allow the fluid level inside the tank or pit to rise
above the casing level.

In tailpipe applications, submerge the casing
before you start the pump.

This allows the line to be closed for pump
inspection and maintenance. The isolation valve
must be kept fully open during operation.

This prevents vortices and air entrainment.

The column assembly allows the fluid that comes
through the lower bushings to flow up through the
column and back through the connection at the
top of the column back to the tank.

Connect the pipe at the top of the pump column
back to the source tank in order to prevent fluid
from entering the thrust bearing.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 27

Installation

Steam lines

Checklist

Check Explanation/comment Checked

Before you install the pump,
become familiar with the location
of the steam lines.

Determine which method to use
in order to connect the steam
lines.

Before you install the pump,
check the fittings for leaks. Use
plant air or high pressure water.

Provide source of steam at 35 psi
and 300°F (149°C).

After the pump is brought to
temperature for the first time,
shut down the unit temporarily
and readjust the impeller
clearance.

There are three connections above the support plate:

• Two steam connections

• One condensate return connection.

The steam connections are connected to the tops of the
column and discharge jackets.

There are two methods you can use in order to connect
the steam lines:

• You can use both steam lines as input for steam
(preferred method).

• You can use one steam line as input for steam, while
the other steam line is used as a feed through to
additional pumps.

Only use this method if absolutely necessary, because
it is difficult to control the steam at subsequent
pumps.

The jackets are hydrotested by the factory at 100 psi
before shipment. However, the tube fittings can become
loose during transit.

If you use air to check for leaks, use a soap solution at
each joint in order to check for air bubbles.

Less than ideal conditions require higher pressure steam
in order to keep the correct temperature.

Refer to Impeller clearance setting in the Operations
chapter.

Final piping checklist

Check Explanation/comment Checked

Check that the shaft rotates smoothly. Rotate the shaft by hand. Make sure there is no

Re-check the alignment to make sure that
pipe strain has not caused any
misalignment.

rubbing that can lead to excess heat generation or
sparks.

If pipe strain exists, then correct the piping.

28 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and
Shutdown

Preparation for startup

WARNING:

• Failure to follow these precautions before you start the unit will lead to serious personal injury and
equipment failure.

• Do not operate the pump below the minimum rated flows or with the suction or discharge valves
closed. These conditions can create an explosive hazard due to vaporization of pumped fluid and can
quickly lead to pump failure and physical injury.

• Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any installation or
maintenance tasks. Failure to disconnect and lock out driver power will result in serious physical
injury.

• Operating the pump in reverse rotation can result in the contact of metal parts, heat generation, and
breach of containment.

Precautions

NOTICE:

• Verify the driver settings before you start any pump.

• Make sure that the warm-up rate does not exceed 2.5°F (1.4°C) per minute.

You must follow these precautions before you start the pump:

• Flush and clean the system thoroughly to remove dirt or debris in the pipe system in order to prevent
premature failure at initial startup.

• Bring variable-speed drivers to the rated speed as quickly as possible.

• Run a new or rebuilt pump at a speed that provides enough flow to flush and cool the close-running
surfaces of the stuffing-box bushing.

• If temperatures of the pumped fluid will exceed 200°F (93°C), then warm up the pump prior to
operation. Circulate a small amount of fluid through the pump until the casing temperature is within
100°F (38°C) of the fluid temperature.

At initial startup, do not adjust the variable-speed drivers or check for speed governor or over-speed trip
settings while the variable-speed driver is coupled to the pump. If the settings have not been verified, then
uncouple the unit and refer to instructions supplied by the driver manufacturer.

Check the rotation

WARNING:

• Operating the pump in reverse rotation can result in the contact of metal parts, heat generation, and
breach of containment.

• Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any installation or
maintenance tasks. Failure to disconnect and lock out driver power will result in serious physical
injury.

1. Lock out power to the driver.

2. Make sure that the coupling hubs are fastened securely to the shafts.

3. Make sure that the coupling spacer is removed.

The pump ships with the coupling spacer removed.

4. Unlock power to the driver.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 29

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown

5. Make sure that everyone is clear, and then jog the driver long enough to determine that the direction
of rotation corresponds to the arrow on the bearing housing, or close-coupled frame.

6. Lock out power to the driver.

Thrust bearing lubrication

WARNING:

Make sure to properly lubricate the bearings. Failure to do so can result in excess heat generation, sparks,
and premature failure.

Grease lubrication

Grease-lubricated bearings have zerk fittings installed for each bearing. Bearings are pre-lubricated at the
factory. Unscrew the fittings and confirm there is grease in the line. Replace the fitting and add grease if
necessary.

Pure oil-mist lubrication

The inlet (IN), outlet (OUT), and drain (DRN) ports are stamped on the thrust housing. The DRN port is
located on the bottom of the thrust housing and is below the floorplate on pumps without a stuffing box.
Connect the oil mist system supply to the IN port of the thrust housing. The outlet for the thrust housing
can be connected to the OUT port or DRN port. The recommended oil for the oil mist is an ISO VG

100. See the table for recommended oil mist airflows. Follow the instructions from the oil mist system

supplier. The oil mist system must be interconnected with the pump so that the pump will shut down if
the mist system fails.

This data is based on an oil/air ratio of 0.4 cubic inch (0.22 ounce) per hour per cfm.

Table 3: Recommended oil mist airflows

Frame size Airflow in cfm (l/m)

S/ST 0.10 (2.83)
M/MT 0.16 (4.53)
L 0.22 (6.23)

Flush the steady bearings

There are five 1/4-in. NPT pipe plugs on the standard support plate that you use to connect the flush
lines. Each plug connects with each of the five bearings. Pumps with less than five bearings still have five
plugs, but only the required number are connected to bearings.

1. Remove the plugs from the holes that are connected to flush lines.

2. Connect an external source of clean water to the taps.

The water source must be able to deliver 1 to 2 GPM to each bearing.

3. Turn on the water in order to begin the flush.

Sealed bearings

Sealed bearings have a lip seal above and below the bearing in order to keep grit out of the bearing. Sealed
bearings use a spring-loaded grease cup for lubrication. The bearings are pre-lubricated at the factory, but
the grease cups ship in a separate box in order to prevent shipping damage. Fill the grease cups with grease
and screw the cups into the taps that are connected to the bearings. Refill the cups with fresh grease as
needed. Frequently inspect the grease cups after startup in order to check usage and establish the best
relubrication interval.

30 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

123

333H

333H

369

197

213

369

123 Deflector

1

2

3

4

197 Steady bearings

213 Housing, steady bearings

333H Lip seal

369 Retaining ring, steady bearing

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown

Lubricate the sealed bearings with grease cups

For models with grease-lubricated bearings, the spring-operated automatic grease cups are designed to
maintain constant lubrication of the intermediate pump bearings that are fixed to the vertical pump
housing. The center stem protrudes out of the housing when the cup is full and gradually moves down
into the housing as the grease is used. After the wing nut is threaded against the stem zerk fitting and the
bottom of the wing nut rests on the cap of the grease cup, then the grease reservoir is empty and you must
refill it.

1. Zerk fitting

2. Wing nut

3. Grease reservoir

4. Throttling screw

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 31

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown

Fill the housing

1. Turn the wing nut clockwise until the center stem is raised all the way and the wing nut does not turn
any further.

2. Fit a pressurized grease gun to the top zerk fitting and pump the grease cup full until a small amount
of grease starts to come out of the side vent of the housing.

3. Unthread the wing nut in order to energize the grease cup. Allow the internal spring pressure to push
grease into the bearing lube line.

4. If the stem immediately recedes into the housing and the bearing has been purged, then complete
these steps:

a) Unthread the top lid in order to remove the top of the grease cup.
b) Inspect the plunger for defects.

If all the grease is found on the reverse (or back side) of the plunger, then it is defective and must be
replaced.

Adjust the flow (preferred method)

1. Unthread the wing nut completely against the zerk fitting of the center stem.

2. Unlock the hex nut of the throttling screw and turn the slotted screw clockwise approximately one­half turn at a time.

3. Relock the hex nut and monitor the stem movement.

If the grease in the grease cup is completely consumed in 1 to 2 weeks of operation, then the flow is
correct and will maintain the proper amount of grease to the bearings.

Adjust the flow (alternate method)

This method provides a more precise amount of grease to the bearings independent of changing operating
temperatures and surrounding conditions. However, you must have a more controlled maintenance
schedule in order to make sure this is done on a regular basis.

1. Leave the throttling screw locked and open.

2. Back off the wing nut several turns for every 2 to 3 days of operation.

Shaft sealing with a mechanical seal

Precautions

WARNING:

The mechanical seal used in an Ex-classified environment must be properly certified. Prior to startup,
make sure that all areas that could leak pumped fluid to the work environment are closed.

NOTICE:

• The mechanical seal must have an appropriate seal-flush system. Otherwise, excess heat generation
and seal failure can occur.

• Cooling systems such as those for bearing lubrication and mechanical-seal systems must be operating
properly to prevent excess heat generation, sparks, and premature failure.

• Sealing systems that are not self-purging or self-venting, such as plan 23, require manual venting prior
to operation. Failure to do so will result in excess heat generation and seal failure.

Shipping

Pumps may be shipped with or without a mechanical seal installed.

Cartridge-type mechanical seals

Cartridge-type mechanical seals are commonly used. Cartridge seals are preset by the seal manufacturer
and require no field settings. Cartridge seals installed by the user require disengagement of the holding
clips prior to operation, allowing the seal to slide into place. If the seal has been installed in the pump by
ITT, these clips have already been disengaged.

32 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown

Other mechanical seal types

For other types of mechanical seals, refer to the instructions provided by the seal manufacturer for
installation and setting.

Shaft sealing with a stuffing box

This pump is a sealless design. Therefore, when temperatures exceed 180°F (82°C), you must move the
thrust bearing away from the heat source in the pump by adding the upper stuffing box. Air can then
circulate around the bearing in order to keep it cool.

The upper stuffing box is also used to minimize vapor emissions when the pump handles controlled
substances.

Steam jacket pumps (molten sulfur construction)

The steam jacketed connections are located on the support plate. The "steam in" line is connected to an
appropriate source of steam, and the "steam out/condensate" connections are made as dictated by the
installation requirements. A suitable trap should be used.

Impeller-clearance setting

Importance of a proper impeller clearance

A proper impeller clearance ensures that the pump runs at high performance.

WARNING:

• The impeller clearance setting procedure must be followed. Improperly setting the clearance or not
following any of the proper procedures can result in sparks, unexpected heat generation, and
equipment damage.

The clearance is set at 0.015 in. (0.4 mm) off of the suction cover at the factory, but could change due to
piping attachment.

Set the impeller clearance - dial indicator method

WARNING:

Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any installation or maintenance
tasks. Failure to disconnect and lock out driver power will result in serious physical injury.

1. Remove the coupling guard.

2. Set the indicator so that the button contacts either the shaft end or the face of the coupling.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 33

370C

415

370D

A

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown

• A—Dial indicator

3. Loosen the jam nuts (415) on the jack bolts (370D) , and then back the bolts out about two turns.

4. Tighten the locking bolts evenly (370C), bringing the bearing housing (134A) towards the frame (228)
until the impeller contacts the casing.

5. Turn the shaft to ensure that there is contact between the impeller and the casing.

6. Set the indicator to zero and loosen the locking bolt (370C) about one turn.

7. Thread in the jack bolts (370D) until the jack bolts evenly contact the bearing frame.

8. Tighten the jack bolts evenly about one flat at a time, moving the bearing housing (134A) away from
the bearing frame until the indicator shows the correct clearance.

Refer to the impeller clearance table to determine the correct clearance.

9. Tighten the bolts evenly in this order:

a) Tighten the locking bolts (370C).
b) Tighten the jack bolts (370D).

Make sure to keep the indicator reading at the proper setting.

10. Make sure the shaft turns freely.

Set the impeller clearance - feeler gauge method

WARNING:

Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any installation or maintenance
tasks. Failure to disconnect and lock out driver power will result in serious physical injury.

1. Lock out the driver power and remove the coupling guard.

2. Remove the coupling, if required.

3. Loosen the jam nuts (415) on the jack bolts (370D), and then back the bolts out about two turns.

34 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

4. Evenly tighten the locking bolts (370C) in several turns until the impeller contacts the suction cover
(182).

5. Turn the shaft to ensure that there is contact between the impeller and the suction cover.

6. Loosen the locking bolts (370C) until a 0.015" feeler gauge can be inserted between the underside of
the bolt head and the bearing shell (134).

A

370C

240

134

370D

415

• A—Feeler guage

7. Evenly tighten the jam nuts (415).

8. Make sure the shaft turns freely.

9. Replace the coupling.

10. Replace the coupling guard.

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown

Pump priming

WARNING:

These pumps are not self priming and must be fully primed at all times during operation. Loss of prime
can lead to excessive heat and severe damage to the pump and seal.

CAUTION:

Do not run the pump dry.

Never start the pump until it has been properly primed. Fully submerge the pump casing prior to starting
the pump.

For dry pit/outside tank mount units:

1. Ensure the suction supply line has adequate fluid head to prime the pump.

2. Slowly open the suction valve.

Install the coupling guard

WARNING:

• Never operate the pump without the coupling guard correctly installed.

• Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any installation or
maintenance tasks. Failure to disconnect and lock out driver power will result in serious physical
injury.

• The coupling used in an Ex-classified environment must be properly certified and must be
constructed from a non-sparking material.

This pump is shipped without the coupling guard installed, because the motor and coupling are also not
installed.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 35

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown

1. Wrap the expanded metal shield (501) around the motor support.

2. Install the two guard springs (501L).

Start the pump

CAUTION:

• Immediately observe the pressure gauges. If discharge pressure is not quickly attained, stop the driver,
reprime, and attempt to restart the pump.

• Observe the pump for vibration levels, bearing temperature, and excessive noise. If normal levels are
exceeded, shut down the pump and resolve the issue.

Before you start the pump, you must perform these tasks:

• Open any recirculation or cooling lines.

• Start the external bearing flush, if specified.

• Make sure the shaft rotates freely.

1. Fully close or partially open the discharge valve, depending on system conditions.

2. Start the driver.

3. Slowly open the discharge valve until the pump reaches the desired flow.

4. Immediately check the pressure gauge to ensure that the pump quickly reaches the correct discharge
pressure.

5. If the pump fails to reach the correct pressure, perform these steps:

a) Stop the driver.
b) Prime the pump again.
c) Restart the driver.

6. Monitor the pump while it is operating:

a) Check the pump for bearing temperature, excessive vibration, and noise.
b) If the pump exceeds normal levels, then shut down the pump immediately and correct the

problem.

A pump can exceed normal levels for several reasons. See Troubleshooting for information about
possible solutions to this problem.

7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 until the pump runs properly.

36 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Pump operation precautions

General considerations

CAUTION:

• Vary the capacity with the regulating valve in the discharge line. Never throttle the flow from the
suction side since this can result in decreased performance, unexpected heat generation, and
equipment damage.

• Do not overload the driver. Driver overload can result in unexpected heat generation and equipment
damage. The driver can overload in these circumstances:

• The specific gravity of the pumped fluid is greater than expected.

• The pumped fluid exceeds the rated flow rate.

• Make sure to operate the pump at or near the rated conditions. Failure to do so can result in pump
damage from cavitation or recirculation.

Operation at reduced capacity

WARNING:

Never operate any pumping system with a blocked suction and discharge. Operation, even for a brief
period under these conditions, can cause confined pumped fluid to overheat, which results in a violent
explosion. You must take all necessary measures to avoid this condition.

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown

CAUTION:

• Avoid excessive vibration levels. Excessive vibration levels can damage the bearings, stuffing box or
seal chamber, and the mechanical seal, which can result in decreased performance.

• Avoid increased radial load. Failure to do so can cause stress on the shaft and bearings.

• Avoid heat build-up. Failure to do so can cause rotating parts to score or seize.

• Avoid cavitation. Failure to do so can cause damage to the internal surfaces of the pump.

Operation under freezing conditions

NOTICE:

Do not expose an idle pump to freezing conditions. Drain all liquid that is inside the pump. Failure to do
so can cause liquid to freeze and damage the pump.

Shut down the pump

WARNING:

The pump can handle hazardous and toxic fluids. Identify the contents of the pump and observe proper
decontamination procedures in order to eliminate the possible exposure to any hazardous or toxic fluids.
Wear the proper personal protective equipment. Potential hazards include, but are not limited to, high
temperature, flammable, acidic, caustic, explosive, and other risks. You must handle and dispose of
pumped fluid in compliance with the applicable environmental regulations.

1. Slowly close the discharge valve.

2. Shut down and lock the driver to prevent accidental rotation.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 37

Commissioning, Startup, Operation, and Shutdown

Make the final alignment of the pump and driver

WARNING:

• Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any installation or
maintenance tasks. Failure to disconnect and lock out driver power will result in serious physical
injury.

• Follow shaft alignment procedures in order to prevent catastrophic failure of drive components or
unintended contact of rotating parts. Follow the coupling installation and operation procedures from
the coupling manufacturer.

You must check the final alignment after the pump and driver are at operating temperature. For initial
alignment instructions, see the Installation chapter.

1. Run the unit under actual operating conditions for enough time to bring the pump, driver, and
associated system to operating temperature.

2. Shut down the pump and the driver.

3. Remove the coupling guard.

See Remove the coupling guard in the Maintenance chapter.

4. Check the alignment while the unit is still hot.

See Pump-to-driver alignment in the Installation chapter.

5. Reinstall the coupling guard.

6. Restart the pump and driver.

38 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Maintenance

Maintenance schedule

Maintenance inspections

A maintenance schedule includes these types of inspections:

• Routine maintenance

• Routine inspections

• Three-month inspections

• Annual inspections

Shorten the inspection intervals appropriately if the pumped fluid is abrasive or corrosive or if the
environment is classified as potentially explosive.

Routine maintenance

Perform these tasks whenever you perform routine maintenance:

• Lubricate the thrust bearings.

• Inspect the seal or packing, if present.

Routine inspections

Perform these tasks whenever you check the pump during routine inspections:

• Check for unusual noise, vibration, and bearing temperatures.

• Check the pump and piping for leaks.

• Analyze the vibration.

• Inspect the discharge pressure.

• Inspect the temperature.

• Check the float controls for the proper setting and operation.

• Check the seal chamber and stuffing box for leaks.

• Ensure that there are no leaks from the mechanical seal.

• Adjust or replace the packing in the stuffing box if you notice excessive leaking.

Maintenance

Three-month inspections

Perform these tasks every three months:

• Check that the foundation and the hold-down bolts are tight.

• Check the packing if the pump has been left idle, and replace as required.

• Check the shaft alignment, and realign as required.

Annual inspections

Perform these inspections one time each year:

• Check the pump capacity.

• Check the pump pressure.

• Check the pump power.

If the pump performance does not satisfy your process requirements, and the process requirements have
not changed, then perform these steps:

1. Disassemble the pump.

2. Inspect it.

3. Replace worn parts.

Bearing maintenance

These bearing lubrication sections list different temperatures of the pumped fluid. If the pump is ATEX­certified and the temperature of the pumped fluid exceeds the permitted temperature values, then consult
your ITT representative.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 39

Maintenance

Thrust bearings

The pump comes with a grease-lubricated duplex thrust bearing. The bearing is pre-lubricated at the
factory. Regrease the bearing according to the schedule in the following table.

Table 4: Lubricating intervals in operating hours

Drive-unit size
group

S/ST 2,000 2,000 1,200 750

M/MT 2,000 1,800 800 450

L 2,000 1,200 — —

Below 1800 RPM 1800 RPM 3000 RPM 3600 RPM

Lubricate the bearings after a shutdown period

1. Flush out the bearings and bearing frame with a light oil to remove contaminants.

During flushing, make sure to rotate the shaft slowly by hand.

2. Flush the bearing housing with the proper lubricating oil to ensure oil quality after cleaning.

Lubricating-grease requirements

Precautions

NOTICE:

• Never mix greases of different consistencies (NLGI 1 or 3 with NLGI 2) or with different thickeners.
For example, never mix a lithium-based grease with a polyurea-based grease. Doing so may result in
decreased performance.

• Remove the bearings and old grease if you need to change the grease type or consistency. Failure to
do so may result in equipment damage or decreased performance.

Bearing temperature

Bearing temperatures are generally about 20°F (18°C) greater than bearing-housing outer surface
temperatures.

This table shows the type of grease required for the operating temperature of the pump.

Bearing temperature Type of grease

5°F to 230°F (-15°C to 110°C) Use a lithium-based mineral-oil grease with a

Exceed 350°F (177°C) Use a high-temperature grease. Mineral-oil greases

Grease recommendations based on temperature

Most pumps use Sunoco 2EP grease. High temperature units that can pump fluids with a temperature
greater than 350°F (177°C) use Mobil SCH32.

This table shows which brand of grease to use when lubricating the pump.

Brand When temperature of pumped

Mobil Mobilux EP2 SCH32

Exxon Unirex N2 Unirex N3

Sunoco Mutipurpose 2EP N/A

SKF LGMT 2 LGMT 3

consistency of NLGI 2.

should have oxidation stabilizers and a consistency
of NGLI 3.

fluid is less than 350°F (177°C)
– NLGI consistency 2

When temperature of pumped
fluid is greater than350°F
(177°C) – NLGI consistency 3

40 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Regrease the thrust bearing

NOTICE:

Make sure that the grease container, the greasing device, and the fittings are clean. Failure to do this can
result in impurities entering the bearing housing when you regrease the bearings.

1. Wipe dirt from the grease fittings.

2. Remove the two grease-relief plugs from the bottom of the frame.

3. Fill both of the grease cavities through the fittings with a recommended grease until the fresh grease
comes out of the relief holes.

4. Make sure that the frame seals are seated in the bearing housing.

If they are not, press them in place with the drains located at the bottom.

5. Reinstall the grease-relief plugs.

6. Wipe off any excess grease.

7. Recheck the alignment.

The bearing temperature usually rises after you regrease due to an excess supply of grease. Temperatures
return to normal in about two to four operating hours as the pump runs and purges the excess grease
from the bearings.

Steady bearings

Check the ID of the casing collar (155) and steady bearing (197) per the dimensions in the Bearing fits and
tolerances table. If the ID is greater than what is allowed, remove the snap ring (369) and use a suitable
hydraulic press in order to remove these items for replacement. If sealed bearings are provided, then you
must also remove the lip seals (333H).

The bearing ID is slightly larger before you press it into the housing in order to allow for ID shrinkage
after you press it in place.

Maintenance

Shaft-seal maintenance

Mechanical-seal maintenance

WARNING:

The mechanical seal used in an Ex-classified environment must be properly certified. Prior to startup,
make sure that all areas that could leak pumped fluid to the work environment are closed.

CAUTION:

Never operate the pump without liquid supplied to mechanical seal. If you run a mechanical seal dry, even
for a few seconds, this can cause seal damage. Physical injury can occur if a mechanical seal fails.

NOTICE:

• Sealing systems that are not self-purging or self-venting, such as plan 23, require manual venting prior
to operation. Failure to do so will result in excess heat generation and seal failure.

• Cooling systems, such as those for bearing lubrication and mechanical-seal systems, must be operating
properly to prevent excess heat generation, sparks, and premature failure.

• The mechanical seal must have an appropriate seal flush system or excess heat generation and seal
failure can occur.

Reference drawing

The manufacturer supplies a reference drawing with the data package. Keep this drawing for future use
when you perform maintenance and seal adjustments. The seal drawing specifies the required flush fluid
and attachment points.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 41

Maintenance

Before you start the pump

Check the seal and all flush piping.

If the pump is shipped with oil-lubricated seals, keep the seal faces lubricated with oil at all times.

Packed stuffing-box maintenance

WARNING:

• Packed stuffing boxes are not allowed in an ATEX-classified environment.

• Never attempt to replace the packing until the driver is properly locked out and the coupling spacer is
removed.

Lubrication intervals

The lubrication intervals vary and depend upon the temperature and gland tightness. Keep the grease cup
full at all times.

Periodically make several turns on the grease-cup cap while you inject fresh grease into the stuffing box.
Check the pump daily upon initial operation, and extend this interval as required.

NOTICE:

Do not over-tighten the stuffing box. Excessive pressure can wear out packing prematurely and seriously
damage the shaft.

Packing replacement

Replace the packing in this sequence:

1. Three rings of packing

2. Lantern ring

3. Two rings of packing

4. Gland

Disassembly

Disassembly precautions

WARNING:

• This manual clearly identifies accepted methods for disassembling units. These methods must be
adhered to. Trapped liquid can rapidly expand and result in a violent explosion and injury. Never apply
heat to impellers, propellers, or their retaining devices to aid in their removal.

• Make sure that the pump is isolated from the system and that pressure is relieved before you
disassemble the pump, remove plugs, open vent or drain valves, or disconnect the piping.

• Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any installation or
maintenance tasks. Failure to disconnect and lock out driver power will result in serious physical
injury.

• Crush hazard. The unit and the components can be heavy. Use proper lifting methods and wear steel­toed shoes at all times.

• The pump can handle hazardous and toxic fluids. Identify the contents of the pump and observe
proper decontamination procedures in order to eliminate the possible exposure to any hazardous or
toxic fluids. Wear the proper personal protective equipment. Potential hazards include, but are not
limited to, high temperature, flammable, acidic, caustic, explosive, and other risks. You must handle
and dispose of pumped fluid in compliance with the applicable environmental regulations.

NOTICE:

Make sure that all replacement parts are available before you disassemble the pump for overhaul.

42 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Tools required

In order to disassemble the pump, you need these tools:

Drain the pump

CAUTION:

Maintenance

• Bearing puller

• Brass drift punch

• Cleaning agents and solvents

• Dial indicators

• Feeler gauges

• Hydraulic press

• Induction heater

• Lifting sling

• Micrometer

• Rubber mallet

• Screwdriver

• Snap-ring pliers

• Torque wrench with sockets

• Wrenches

• Allow all system and pump components to cool before you handle them to prevent physical injury.

1. Close the isolation valves on the suction and discharge sides of the pump.

You must drain the system if no valves are installed.

2. Open the drain valve.

Do not proceed until liquid stops coming out of the drain valve. If liquid continues to flow from the
drain valve, the isolation valves are not sealing properly and you must repair them before you proceed.

3. Leave the drain valve open.

Do not close the drain valve until the reassembly is complete.

4. Drain the liquid from the piping and flush the pump if it is necessary.

5. Disconnect all auxiliary piping and tubing.

6. Remove the coupling guard.

7. Disconnect the coupling.

Remove the pump from the sump

1. Remove the motor bolts (371).

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 43

501L

338

371L

240

501

351A

370H

182

187

317N

351

Maintenance

2. Place the sling on the motor lifting lugs and remove the motor.

3. Remove the support plate anchor bolts.

4. Attach the eyebolts to the support plate.

5. Use properly-sized slings in order to lift the pump from the sump.

Refer to the Installation chapter for the proper handling procedure.

6. Lay the pump horizontally on proper supports where there is sufficient clearance to disassemble the
pump.

7. Remove the bolts (317N) in order to remove the strainer (187).

44 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

8. Remove the suction cover (182).

9. Remove and discard the suction cover gasket (351).

Replace the gasket during reassembly.

10. Remove the discharge elbow-casing bolts (370H).

11. Disconnect any steady bearing flush tubing (190).

Remove the impeller

100

101

178

199

198

122

192/30

370G

536G

357V

100

155

CAUTION:

Wear heavy work gloves when you handle impellers. The sharp edges can cause physical injury.

1. Loosen the set screw at the end of the impeller nut.

2. Loosen and remove the impeller nut.

The impeller nut has left-hand threads.

3. Pull the impeller from the shaft.

Use a spanning-type puller if required.

Maintenance

4. Remove the impeller key.

Save the key for reassembly unless it is damaged.

5. For L group models only, do the following:

a) Remove the casing (100) to adapter (108) bolts.
b) Remove casing. Do not remove casing collar (155) at this time.
c) Remove the adapter (108) to column bolts.
d) Remove the adapter. Do not remove steady bearing (197) at this time.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 45

192

213

369

357X

306

536E

197

123

372B

136

382

112

370C

193B

134

369A

332A

361A

370D

415

113

333

400

122

M/MT/L Only

Maintenance

Disassemble the column

1. Remove the column down to the steady bearing housing bolts (372B).

If your pump has no intermediate steady bearings (only one column section), then skip this step since
you do not have any column extension (306) or steady bearing housing (213).

a) Start at the casing end of the pump and remove the column extensions (306), steady bearing

housings (213), and deflectors (123) one at a time. Support the shaft in order to prevent bending
while you remove these sections.

It is not necessary to remove the head column (192). Do not remove the steady bearings at this
time. Refer to inspection procedures prior to removal.

2. Remove the pump half coupling hub (233) and key.

3. Remove the locking bolts (370C) and then slide bearing shell (134) assembly with the shaft out
through the motor support (240).

CAUTION:

Two people should handle any shaft over 9 feet long. Improper handling can bend the shaft.

4. Use a screwdriver in order to pry the labyrinth seal (332A) from the bearing shell (134).

NOTICE:

We recommend that you replace the labyrinth seal every time the pump is inspected.

46 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

5. Remove the bearing retaining ring (361A).

6. Slide the bearing shell (134) off the bearing and shaft.

197

100

155

7. Remove the locknut (136) and the lockwasher (382).

8. Use a suitable bearing puller in order to remove the bearing (112).

Make sure to save the bearing for inspection.

9. Set the shaft on a table where it is adequately supported.

You do not need to disassemble the pump any further unless you need to replace bad parts.

Preassembly inspections

Replacement guidelines

Casing check and replacement

Inspect the casing for cracks and excessive wear or pitting. Thoroughly clean gasket surfaces and alignment
fits in order to remove rust and debris.

Repair or replace the casing if you notice any of these conditions:

• Localized wear or grooving that is greater than 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) deep

• Pitting that is greater than 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) deep

Maintenance

100 Casing
155 Casing collar
197 Steady bearing

• Check the I.D. of the casing collar (155) and steady bearing (197) per the dimensions in Bearing fits and

tolerances (page 49). If the I.D. is greater than what is allowed, remove the snap ring (369) and use a

suitable hydraulic press to remove these items for replacement. If sealed bearings have been provided,
you must also remove the lip seals (333H).

• Inspect the casing-to-column connection area for any cracks or excessive corrosion damage. Replace
if any of these conditions exist.

• Irregularities in the casing-gasket seat surface

Impeller replacement

This table shows the criteria for replacing the impeller:

Impeller parts When to replace

Impeller vanes

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 47

• When grooved deeper than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm),
or

• When worn evenly more than 1/32 in. (0.8 mm)

Maintenance

Impeller parts When to replace

Pumpout vanes When worn or bent more than 1/32 in. (0.8 mm)

Vane edges When you see cracks, pitting, or corrosion damage

Gaskets, O-rings, and seats replacement

• Replace all gaskets and O-rings at each overhaul and disassembly.

• Inspect the seats. They must be smooth and free of physical defects.

• Replace parts if the seats are defective.

Column sections

Inspect the column section(s) (306, 192) for any cracks or excessive corrosion damage. Replace if
necessary.

Motor support

Inspect the motor support (240) for any cracks or excessive corrosion damage. Replace if necessary.

Shaft replacement guidelines

Shaft measurement check

Check the bearing fits of the shaft. If any are outside the tolerances shown in the Bearing fits and
tolerances table, then replace the shaft.

Shaft straightness check

Check the shaft straightness. Use “V” blocks or balance rollers to support the shaft on the bearing fit
areas. Replace the shaft if runout exceeds 0.001 in. (0.03 mm).

NOTICE:

Do not use shaft centers for the runout check as they may have been damaged during the removal of the
bearings or impeller.

Shaft surface check

Check the shaft surface for damage, especially in areas indicated by the arrows in the following figure.
Replace the shaft if it is damaged beyond reasonable repair.

Bearings inspection

Condition of bearings

Do not reuse bearings. The condition of the bearings provides useful information on operating conditions
in the bearing frame.

Checklist

Perform these checks when you inspect the bearings:

• Inspect the bearings for contamination and damage.

• Note any lubricant condition and residue.

• Inspect the ball bearings to see if they are loose, rough, or noisy when you rotate them.

• Investigate any bearing damage to determine the cause. If the cause is not normal wear, correct the
issue before you return the pump to service.

48 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

• Inspect bearing shell (134) bore according to the dimensions in the Bearing fits and tolerances ­Thrust bearing fits table. Replace if dimensions exceed these values.

• Replace the lower grease seal (133) at every overhaul.

• Visually inspect for cracks and pits. Pay particular attention to the snap ring groove.

Bearing fits and tolerances

This table references the bearing fits and tolerances according to ISO 286 (ANSI/ABMA Standard 7) in
inches (millimeters).

Table 5: Steady bearing tolerances

Descript
ion

Carbon 1.132–

Bronze 1.129–

Fluted
elastomer

Rulon 1.132–

Casing
collar

Bearing ID (pressed into
place)

S/ST M/MT L S/ST M/MT L S/ST M/MT L

1.134
(28.753–

28.804)

1.131
(28.677–

28.727)

1.126–

1.130
(28.600–

28.702)

1.134
(28.753–

28.804)

1.183–

1.190
(30.048–

30.226)

1.633–

1.635
(41.478–

41.529)

1.629–

1.631

41.377–

41.427

1.627–

1.632
(41.326–

41.453)

1.633–

1.635
(41.478–

41.529)

1.678–

1.685
(42.621–

42.799)

2.258–

2.260
(57.353–

57.404)

2.256–

2.258
(57.302–

57.353)

2.253–

2.257
(57.226–

57.328)

2.258–

2.260
(57.353–

57.404)

2.299–

2.306
(58.395–

58.472)

Maintenance

Housing bore Running clearance (1/2

diametrical clearance)

1.621–

1.623
(41.173–

41.224)

1.621–

1.623
(41.173–

41.224)

1.621–

1.623
(41.173–

41.224)

- - - 0.0055–

1.811–

1.816
(45.999–

46.126)

2.121–

2.123
(53.873–

53.924)

2.121–

2.123
(53.873–

53.924)

2.121–

2.123
(53.873–

53.924)

2.243–

2.245
(56.972–

57.023)

2.994–

2.996
(76.048–

76.098)

2.994–

2.996
(76.048–

76.098)

2.994–

2.996
(76.048–

76.098)

3.243–

3.245
(82.372–

82.423)

0.0055–

0.0035
(0.140–

0.089)

0.004–

0.002
(0.102–

1.051)

0.0035–

0.0005
(0.089–

0.013)

0.0035
(0.140–

0.089)

0.0335–

0.029
(0.851–

0.737)

0.006–

0.004
(0.152–

0.102)

0.004–

0.002
(0.102–

1.051)

0.0045–

0.001
(0.114–

0.025)

0.006–

0.004
(0.152–

0.102)

0.031–

0.0265
(0.787–

0.673)

0.0065–

0.004
(0.165–

0.102)

0.0055–

0.003
(0.140–

0.076)

0.005–

0.004
(0.127–

0.102)

0.0065–

0.004
(0.165–

0.102)

0.029–

0.0245
(0.737–

0.622)

Table 6: Thrust bearing fits

Group Shaft OD Shell ID

S/ST 0.9848/0.9844

(25.0139/25.0038)

M/MT 1.5755/1.5749

(40.0177/40.0025)

L 2.1660/2.1655

(55.0164/55.0037)

Shaft runout tolerances

The following shaft runout tolerances apply to all size groups:

• Coupling end: 0.002 in. (0.051 mm)

• Shaft body: 0.0005 in./ft.

• Impeller end: 0.005 in. (0.127 mm)

Reassembly

Assemble the column and support plate

1. If you use the optional stuffing box, then attach the stuffing box (221) to support plate (189) with
bolts (370L).

2.4416/2.4409
(62.0166/61.9989)

3.5442/3.5433
(90.0227/89.9998)

4.7253/4.7240
(120.0226/119.9896)

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 49

240

370L

192

370M

189132

136

382

112

370C

193B

134

369A

122

400

333

113

415

370D

361A

332A

M/MT/L

Only

Maintenance

2. Attach the motor support (240):

If ... Then...

You use the stuffing box Attach the motor support (240) to the stuffing box with bolts (370J).

You do not use the stuffing box Attach the motor support (240) to the support plate (189) with bolts

(370J).

3. Attach the head column (192):

If... Then...

You use the stuffing box Attach the head column (192) to the stuffing box with bolts (370M).

You do not use the stuffing box Attach the head column (192) to the motor support with bolts

(370M).

Make sure that the vent holes are closer to the motor support.

Assemble the rotating element

CAUTION:

Two people should handle any shaft over 9 feet long. Improper handling can bend the shaft.

1. For all groups except S/ST, install the retaining ring (369A) on the shaft (122).

2. Install the thrust bearing (112) on the shaft.

50 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Maintenance

There are several methods that you can use in order to install bearings. The recommended method is
to use an induction heater that heats as well as demagnetizes the bearing.

CAUTION:

Wear insulated gloves when you use a bearing heater. Bearings get hot and can cause physical injury.

3. Install the lockwasher (382) on the shaft (122). Make sure that the tang of lockwasher is in the keyway
of the shaft.

4. Thread the locknut (136) onto the shaft and tighten the locknut until it is snug.

5. Bend any tang of the lockwasher into one of the slots on the locknut. Tighten the locknut if necessary
to align a lockwasher tab with a locknut slot.

6. Press the grease seal (333) into the bearing shell (134).

7. Slide the bearing shell onto the pump-end of the shaft and over the bearing.

8. Insert the retaining ring (361A) in the bearing shell groove. Make sure to keep the flat side against the
bearing.

9. Slide the labyrinth seal (332A) over the coupling-end of the shaft into the bearing shell until it is flush.

10. With the support plate in a vertical position, slide the shaft horizontally through the motor support.
Support the shaft and column with suitable stands.

11. Install the hold-down bolts (370C) and jacking bolts (370D) with jam nuts (415).

Assemble the column

If intermediate steady bearings are required, then you need additional column extensions (306) and steady
bearing housings (213).

1. Prepare the steady bearing housing assemblies, if applicable.

You do not need to precisely center the steady bearing, and the holes in the bearing do not need to
line up with the holes in the housing. A recessed area inside the housing (213) allows lubricants to find
the opening in the bearing.

a) Remove the snap ring (369), if applicable.
b) Use a hydraulic press in order to press out the old steady bearing (197).
c) Press in the new steady bearing.

A snap ring (369) is no longer required due to the fits. If your pump has a snap ring, then it is not
necessary to reinstall it. However, the snap ring is still required on sealed bearings.

2. Slide the casing assembly onto the shaft and seat the casing flange against the column flange.

Make sure the discharge nozzle is aligned with the discharge pipe hole in the support plate.

3. Install the bolts (371G).

Assemble the impeller, suction cover, and strainer

1. Add a film of oil to the shaft and place the impeller key (178) and impeller (101) on the shaft.

2. Check that all of the bearing shell bolts (370C and 370D) are completely backed off.

3. Install the impeller washer (199) and impeller screw (198).

When you tighten the impeller screw, the impeller will be seated on the shaft. The impeller screw has a
nylon insert to lock it in place. Do not exceed these torque values when you tighten the impeller
screw:

Group Torque value

S/ST 500 in-lbs (56 Nm)

M/MT and L 900 in-lbs (102 Nm)

4. Install the suction cover gasket (351), suction cover (182), and strainer (187) with bolts (317N).

Alloy strainers have extra-heavy spacer washers (533) between the strainer and the suction cover. If
the unit is supplied with a lower-float control guide arm (366), then use an extra-long bolt in this hole.

5. Check the axial travel of the impeller.

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 51

Maintenance

If the travel is less than 0.030 in. (0.762 mm), then add extra gaskets (351) in order to obtain the
minimum travel.

6. Install the discharge elbow gasket (351A) and the discharge elbow (315) using bolts (370H).

Accurate alignment of the elbow is critical in order to make sure that there is no obstruction to the
flow through the connection.

7. Install the discharge pipe (195), pipe nuts (242), and flange (195S, if used).

Make sure that the pipe nuts are tight and that there is no strain on the pump.

8. Rotate the shaft by hand in order to make sure that there is no binding.

9. Connect all auxiliary piping.

10. Replace the pump half coupling hub (233) and lubricate the pump bearings.

52 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Troubleshooting

Operation troubleshooting

Symptom Cause Remedy

The pump is not delivering
liquid.

The pump is not producing
the rated flow or head.

The pump starts and then
stops pumping.

The bearings are running
hot.

The pump is not primed. Make sure the pit is filled with liquid above the

casing. On dry pit units, the casing and suction
pipe must be completely filled.

The discharge head it too high.

The motor speed is too low.

The suction line is clogged.

The impeller, discharge pipe, or strainer is
clogged.

The shaft is rotating in the wrong direction.

The suction lift is too high.

The amount of available NPSH is not
sufficient.

The shaft is rotating in the wrong direction. Change the rotation. The rotation must match the

The discharge head is higher than expected.

The impeller, discharge pipe, or strainer is
clogged.

The motor speed is too low.

The suction line is clogged.

The suction lift is too high.

The impeller is worn or broken.

The suction line has air or vapor pockets.

The amount of available NPSH is not
sufficient.

The pump is not primed. Re-prime the pump and check that the pump and

The float controls are not adjusted properly.

The strainer is clogged.

The suction line has air or vapor pockets.

The suction line has an air leak.

The pump and driver are not aligned properly. Realign the pump and driver.

There is not sufficient lubrication.

The lubrication was not cooled properly.

Check the total head, particularly friction loss.

Check the motor speed.

Remove the obstructions.

Remove obstructions or back-flush the pump.

Change the rotation. The rotation must match the
arrow on the bearing housing or pump casing.

Shorten the suction pipe.

Check the amount of NPSH available and required
and adjust accordingly.

arrow on the bearing housing or pump casing.

Check the total head, particularly friction loss.

Remove obstructions or back-flush the pump.

Check the motor speed.

Remove the obstructions.

Shorten the suction pipe.

Inspect and replace the impeller if necessary.

Rearrange the piping in order to eliminate air
pockets.

Check the amount of NPSH available and required
and adjust accordingly.

suction line are full of liquid.

Check the float controls.

Check the sump for large items that the pump may
be picking up. Check if the bearings are running
hot.

Rearrange the piping in order to eliminate air
pockets.

Repair the leak.

Check the lubricant for suitability and level.

Check the cooling system.

Troubleshooting

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 53

Troubleshooting

Symptom Cause Remedy

The pump is noisy or
vibrates.

The motor requires
excessive power.

The pump and driver are not aligned properly. Realign the pump and driver.

The impeller is partly clogged.

The impeller or shaft is broken or bent.

The foundation is not rigid.

The bearings are worn.

Rotating parts are loose, broken, or rubbing
against each other.

The suction or discharge piping is not anchored
or properly supported.

The pump is cavitating.

The discharge head has dropped below the
rated point and is pumping too much liquid.

The liquid is heavier than expected.

Rotating parts are rubbing against each other.

The motor speed is too high.

The impeller clearance is too tight.

Back-flush the pump in order to clean the impeller.

Replace the impeller or shaft as necessary.

Tighten the hold-down bolts of the pump and
motor. Make sure that the base plate is properly
grouted without voids or air pockets.

Replace the bearings.

Replace parts as necessary.

Anchor the suction or discharge piping as
necessary according to recommendations in the
Hydraulic Institute Standards Manual.

Locate and correct the system problem.

Install a throttle valve. If this does not help, then
trim the impeller diameter. If this does not help,
then contact your ITT representative.

Check the specific gravity and viscosity.

Check the parts that are wearing for proper
clearances.

Check the motor speed.

Adjust the impeller clearance.

Assembly troubleshooting

Table 7: Troubleshooting procedure

Symptom Cause Remedy

There is excessive shaft end play. The internal clearance of the bearings is

excessive.

The thrust-bearing end cover is loose. Tighten the screws.

There are too many shims under the thrust
bearing end cover.

The runout for the shaft is excessive. The shaft is bent. Replace the shaft.

The runout for the bearing-frame flange is
excessive.

The runout for the seal-chamber cover is
excessive.

The runout for the impeller wear ring is
excessive.

The shaft is bent. Replace the shaft.

The flange of the bearing frame is distorted. Replace the bearing-frame flange.

The seal-chamber cover is improperly seated
on the frame.

There is corrosion or wear on the seal­chamber cover.

The shaft is bent. Replace the shaft.

The wear ring was machined improperly. Replace or re-machine the impeller.

Replace the bearings with a bearing of
the correct type.

Remove the individual shims to obtain
the proper thickness.

Replace or re-machine the seal­chamber cover.

Replace the seal-chamber cover.

54 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

240

332A
136
134

193B*

361A

369A**

333

193I

494V

190G

540M

367B

106

105

364A

107

221

112C

382

113*

189

192

123

213

197

536E

122

316

190

195

190

123

197

108

155

100

536E

351

101

182

187

199

198

178

351A

571E

315

A-A

B-B1

B-B2

C-C

383

Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings

Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional
Drawings

Cross-sectional diagram

A-A Main pump components B-B2 Upper stuffing box with

mechanical seal

* Grease lube only

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 55

332A

382

361

370D

415

113 *

369A

333

240

107

105

364A

221

122

190G

494V

193I

134

193B *

370C

112C

136

Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings

B-B1 Upper stuffing box with

packing

Dimensional drawings

Exploded view A

C-C Detail of B-B1 ** M and MT groups only

56 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Exploded view B

189

122

192

372B

123

197

213

357X

316

370G

123

197

100

155

101

182

317N

187

351

198

199

351A

370H

315

195

190

178

Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings

Parts list

Table 8: Parts list with materials of construction

Item Quantity Part name S-1/S-4 S-3 S-5 S-6 S-8 A-8 D-1 D-2

100 1 Casing A216 WCB (1212)

A536

101 1 Impeller

105 1 Lantern ring As specified
106 Set Packing As specified
107 1 Gland 1000 or 1203

108 1

112C 2 Thrust bearing Angular contact with machined brass cage
113 1 Grease relief Steel

Casing from adapter (L group
only)

122 1 Shaft A582 S41600 (2218)

123

1

Deflector Neoprene

65-45-12
(1018)

A216 WCB (1212)

134 1 Bearing shell A216 WCB (1212)
136 1 Bearing locknut Steel
155 1 Casing bushing Carbon-filled PTFE (Teflon)

A436
Type 2
(1007)

A216
WCB
(1212)

A487
CA6NM
(1234)

A743
CF8M
(1203)

A743
CF8M
(1203)

A743
CF8M
(1203)

A743
CF8M
(1203)

A276
S31600
(2216)

A890
Grade
4A
(1360)

A890
Grade
4A
(1360)

A890
Grade
4A
(1360)

A276
S31803
(2478)

A890
Grade
5A
(1361)

A890
Grade
5A
(1361)

A890
Grade
5A
(1361)

A479
S32750
(3273)

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 57

Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings

Item Quantity Part name S-1/S-4 S-3 S-5 S-6 S-8 A-8 D-1 D-2

178 1 Impeller key 2229 2248

182 1 Suction cover A216 WCB (1212)

187 1 Strainer 3211

A743
CF8M
(1203)

A890
Grade
4A
(1360)

A890
Grade
4A
(1360)

A890
Grade
5A
(1361)

A890
Grade
5A

(1361)
189 1 Support plate 3201
190

1

Flush tubing As specified

190G 1 Pipe nipple Steel

192 1 Head column A53 Grade F (6501)

A312
316L
(6545)

A790
S31803
(6762)

A790

S32750

(6682)
193B 1 Grease fitting Steel
193I 1 Grease cup Steel

195 1 Discharge pipe A53 Grade F (6501)

197

1

Steady bearings Carbon or as specified

A312
316L
(6545)

A790
S31803
(6762)

A790

S32750

(6682)

198 1 Impeller screw 2229 2248
199 1 Impeller washer 2229 2248

213

A890

1

Steady bearing housing A216 WCB (1212)

Grade
4A
(1360)

A890

Grade

5A

(1361)
221 1 Stuffing box support 1000
240 1 Motor support 1000

306

1

Column extension A53 Grade F (6501)

315 1 Discharge elbow A216 WCB (1212)

A312
316L
(6545)

A351
CF3M
(1296)

A790
S31803
(6762)

A890
Grade
4A
(1360)

A790

S32750

(6682)

A890

Grade

5A

(1361)
332A 1 Labyrinth seal, upper Bronze INPRO
333 1 Labyrinth seal, lower Bronze INPRO

351 1

351A 1

Gasket, suction cover to
casing

Gasket, discharge elbow to
casing

Nitrile acrylic

Nitrile acrylic

361A 1 Retaining ring, thrust bearing Steel
364A 1 Stuffing box 1203
367B 1 Gasket, stuffing box insert Nitrile acrylic
369A 1 Bearing collar Steel
370C 3 Clamp bolt 2210
370D 3 Jack bolt 2210
370G 6 Bolt, column-to-casing A193 B8M (2272) 2248
370H 4 Bolt, elbow-to-casing A193 B8M (2272) 2248

370M 6

372B 6

Bolt, head column-to-motor
support

Bolt, head column-to-column
extension

A193 B8M (2272)

As specified

382 1 Bearing lockwasher Steel
383 1 Mechanical seal As specified
415 3 Jam nut for jack bolt 2210
494V 1 Pipe elbow 1000

58 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Parts Listings and Cross-Sectional Drawings

Item Quantity Part name S-1/S-4 S-3 S-5 S-6 S-8 A-8 D-1 D-2

536E

1

Tube fitting, steady bearing As specified
540M 1 Gasket, upper stuffing box As specified
543E

571E 1

1

The quantity depends on pump length.

Table 9: Material code cross reference

1

Tube fitting, support plate As specified

Discharge elbow flange (L

group only)

A216 WCB (1212)

A351
CF3M
(1296)

A890 Grade 4A
(1360)

Goulds code ASTM number

1000 A48 CL25B cast iron

1007 A436 Type 2 Ni-Resist

1018 A536-84 60-42-10 ductile iron

1203 A743 CF8M 316 stainless

1212 A216 WCB carbon steel

1234 A487 GR CA-6NM Class A

1296 A351 GR CF-3M

1360 A890 Grade 4A 22Cr-5Ni-Mo-N

1361 A890 Grade 5A 25Cr-7Ni-Mo-N

2210 A108 Gr1211 carbon steel

2216 A276 316 stainless ground and polished

2218 A582 Type 416 stainless steel

2229 A276-91A stainless

2248 B574 C-276 Hastelloy C

2272 A193 B8M AISI Grade 316 alloy steel

2478 A479 Type S 31083

3201 A283 Grade D carbon steel plate

3211 A240 316 steel plate

3273 A479 Alloy 2507 (annealed) turned, ground, and polished

6501 A53 Type F carbon steel schedule 40 pipe

6545 A312 316L stainless steel schedule 40 pipe

6682 A790 Alloy 2507 schedule 40 pipe

6762 A790 GR S 31803 stainless steel welded pipe

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 59

Other Relevant Documentation or Manuals

Other Relevant Documentation or Manuals

For additional documentation

For any other relevant documentation or manuals, contact your ITT representative.

60 Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual

Local ITT Contacts

Regional offices

Region Address Telephone Fax

North America (Headquarters) ITT - Goulds Pumps

240 Fall Street
Seneca Falls, NY 13148
USA

Asia Pacific ITT Industrial Process

10 Jalan Kilang #06-01
Singapore 159410

Europe ITT - Goulds Pumps

Millwey Rise Industrial Estate
Axminster, Devon, England
EX13 5HU

Latin America ITT - Goulds Pumps

Camino La Colina # 1448
Condominio Industrial El Rosal
Huechuraba – Santiago
8580000
Chile

Middle East and Africa ITT - Goulds Pumps

Achileos Kyrou 4
Neo Psychiko 115 25 Athens
Greece

[phone] [phone]

[phone] [phone]

[phone] [phone]

[phone]

[phone] [phone]

[phone]

Local ITT Contacts

Model API 3171 Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual 61

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while doing business in over 100 countries in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East
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USA
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

© 2010 ITT Corporation. The original instruction is in English. All non-English instructions are translations of the original

instruction. en_US.2010-11.IOM.API3171