Gossen MetraWatt METRAHIT MULTICAL Operating Instructions Manual

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METRACAL⏐MC

Multimeter, Calibrator

Operating Instructions

3-349-566-03

7/2.15

2 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Standard Equipment Contact Persons

Scope of Delivery

1 Multimeter, calibrator 1 KS29 measurement cable set 2 Batteries 1 Condensed operating instructions 1 CD ROM (content: operating instructions, data sheet and

more)

1 DAkkS calibration certificate

Overview of Features included

For 46,000 measured values, sampling rate adjustable from 0.1 second to 9 hours

Functions Multimeter

Calibrator /

Simulator

V AC / Hz TRMS

•

—

V DC

••

Hz (V AC)

•

Pulse generator /

frequency generator

A AC / Hz TRMS

•

—

A DC

•

Current sensor /

current sink

Hz (A AC)

•

—

Resistance Ω

••

Continuity

•

—

Diode ... 6 V

•

—

Temperature TC

••

Temperature RTD

••

Capacitance

•

—

Min-Max / data hold

•

—

16 MBit memory

•

—

Features

IR Interface

•

Power pack socket

•

Protection (housing)

IP 65

Measuring category

300 V CAT II

—

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 3

Contact Persons

Accessories (sensors, plug inserts, adapters, consumable materials)

The accessories available for your instrument are checked for compliance with currently valid safety regulations at regular intervals, and are amended as required for new applications. Currently up-to-date accessories which are suitable for your measuring instrument are listed at the following web address along with photo, order number, description and, depending upon the scope of the respective accessory, data sheet and operating instructions: www.gossenmetrawatt.com

See also section 11 on page 80.

Product Support

Technical queries (use, operation, software registration) If required please contact:

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Product Support Hotline

Phone: +49 911 8602-0 Fax: +49 911 8602-709 e-mail: support@gossenmetrawatt.com

Software Enabling for METRAwin 10

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Front Office

Phone: +49 911 8602-111 Fax: +49 911 8602-777 e-mail: info@gossenmetrawatt.com

Training

Training in Nürnberg, on-site training at customer facilities (scheduling, prices, registration, travel, accommodation)

If required please contact:

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Training Division

Phone: +49 911 8602-406 Fax: +49 911 8602-724 e-mail: training@gossenmetrawatt.com

4 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Standard Equipment Contact Persons

Recalibration Service

Our service center calibrates and recalibrates (e.g. after one year as part of your test equipment monitoring system, prior to use etc.) all instruments from GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH and other manufacturers, and offers free test equipment management.

Repair and Replacement Parts Service Calibration Center* and Rental Instrument Service

If required please contact:

GMC-I Service GmbH Service Center Thomas-Mann-Str. 20 90471 Nürnberg · Germany Phone: +49 911 817718-0 Fax: +49 911 817718-253 e-mail: service@gossenmetrawatt.com www.gmci-service.com

This address is only valid in Germany. Please contact our representatives or subsidiaries for service in other countries.

* DAkkS Calibration laboratory for measured electrical quantities,

D-K-15080-01-01, accredited in accordance with DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005

Accredited measured quantities: direct voltage, direct current values, DC resistance, alternating voltage, alternating current values, AC active power, AC apparent power, DC power, capacitance, frequency and temperature

Competent Partner

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH is certified in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9001:2008.

Our DAkkS calibration laboratory is accredited by the Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle GmbH (National accreditation body for the Federal Republic of Germany) in accordance with DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 under registration number D-K-15080-01-01.

We offer a complete range of expertise in the field of metrology: from test reports and proprietary calibration certificates right on up to DAkkS calibration certificates.

Our spectrum of offerings is rounded out with free test equipment management.

As a full service calibration laboratory, we can calibrate instruments from other manufacturers as well.

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 5

Contact Persons

6 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Table of Contents

Contents Page Contents Page

1 Safety Features and Precautions ....................................... 8

1.1 Use for Intended Purpose ................................................................10

1.2 Meanings of Danger Symbols ..........................................................11

1.3 Meanings of Acoustic Warning Signals ............................................11

Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols 12

3 Initial Start-Up .................................................................. 16

3.1 Inserting Batteries or Rechargeable Batteries ...................................16

3.2 Switching the Instrument On ...........................................................16

3.3 Setting the Operating Parameters ....................................................16

3.4 Switching the Instrument Off ...........................................................17

4 Control Functions ............................................................. 18

4.1 Selecting Measuring Functions and Measuring Ranges .....................18

4.1.1 Automatic Range Selection .............................................................18

4.1.2 Manual Measuring Range Selection .................................................18

4.1.3 Quick Measurements ......................................................................19

4.2 Zero Offset / Relative Measurements ...............................................19

4.3 Display (LCD) .................................................................................20

4.3.1 Exceeding the Measuring Range .....................................................20

4.4 Measured Value Storage: DATA (auto-hold / compare) ......................21

4.4.1 Saving Minimum and Maximum Values – Min/Max Function .............22

4.5 Measurement Data Recording .........................................................23

5 Measurements ................................................................. 26

5.1 Switching from the Calibration Function to the Measuring Function ...26

5.2 Voltage Measurement .....................................................................27

5.2.1 Direct Voltage Measurement, V DC ..................................................28

5.2.2 Alternating Voltage and Frequency Measurement, V AC and Hz .........29

5.2.3 Transient Overvoltages ...................................................................30

5.3 Resistance Measurement Ω .........................................................31

5.4 Continuity Test ..............................................................................32

5.5 Diode Testing with Constant Current of 1 mA ..................................33

5.6 Temperature Measurement ............................................................34

5.6.1 Measurement with Thermocouples, Temp TC .................................. 34

5.6.2 Measurement with Resistance Thermometers ..................................35

5.7 Capacitance Measurement ............................................................37

5.8 Current Measurement .................................................................... 38

5.8.1 Direct Current Measurement, A DC .................................................39

5.8.2 Alternating Current and Frequency Measurement,

Direct Connection, mA AC and Hz ................................................... 40

5.8.3 Direct Current Measurement with Current Clamp Sensor, mA DC ......41

5.8.4 AC Measurement with Current Clamp Sensor, A AC and Hz ..............42

5.8.5 Direct and Alternating Current Measurement with Current Clamp

Transformer, mA DC, mA AC and Hz ...............................................43

6 Calibration Functions ........................................................ 44

6.1 Switching from the Measuring Function to the Calibration Function ...44

6.2 Voltage Source [V] ..........................................................................45

6.3 Pulse, Frequency Generator (positive square-wave pulse) [Hz] ..........46

6.4 Resistance Simulation [Ω] ..............................................................47

6.5 Temperature Simulation [°C / °F] .................................................... 48

6.5.1 Temperature Simulation for Resistance Thermometers –

RTD Temperature Setting ...............................................................49

6.5.2 Temperature Simulation for Thermocouples –

TC Temperature Setting ..................................................................49

6.6 Current Source and Current Sink [mA] .............................................51

6.6.1 Current Sink – Simulation of a 2-Wire Transmitter ..........................52

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 7

Table of Contents

Contents Page Contents Page

6.6.2 Current Source ............................................................................. 52

6.7 Interval Functions, Ramp Functions ................................................. 53

6.7.1 Interval Sequences – INT Function .................................................. 53

6.7.2 Read-Out a Periodic Ramp – RAMP Function .................................. 56

6.7.3 Dual Mode (simultaneous simulation and measurement) .................. 58

7 Device and Measuring Parameters ...................................60

7.1 Paths to the Various Parameters .................................................... 61

7.2 List of All Parameters .................................................................... 61

7.3 Querying Parameters – InFo Menu (as moving letters) ...................... 62

7.4 Entering Parameters – SETUP Menu ............................................... 62

7.5 Default Settings ............................................................................. 64

8 Interface Operation ...........................................................66

8.1 Activating the Interface ...................................................................66

8.2 Configuring Interface Parameters .................................................... 67

9 Technical Data .................................................................68

10 Maintenance and Calibration ............................................ 76

10.1 Displays – Error Messages ............................................................ 76

10.2 Batteries ....................................................................................... 76

10.3 Fuse ............................................................................................. 77

10.4 Housing Maintenance .................................................................... 78

10.5 Return and Environmentally Sound Disposal ....................................78

10.6 Recalibration ................................................................................. 79

10.7 Manufacturer’s Guarantee .............................................................. 79

11 Accessories .......................................................................80

11.1 General ......................................................................................... 80

11.2 Technical Data for Measurement Cables

(scope of delivery: KS29 safety cable set) ........................................ 80

11.3 NA X-TRA Power Pack (not included) .............................................. 80

11.4 Interface Accessories (not included) ................................................ 81

12 Keyword Index ..................................................................82

8 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Safety Precautions

1 Safety Features and Precautions

You have selected an instrument which provides you with high levels of safety.

This instrument fulfills all requirements of applicable European and national EC directive. We confirm this with the CE mark. The relevant declaration of conformity can be obtained from GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH.

The device has been manufactured and tested in accordance with safety regulations IEC 61010–1/DIN EN 61010–1/ VDE 0411–1. When used for its intended purpose (see page 10), safety of the operator, as well as that of the instrument, is assured. Their safety is however not guaranteed, if the instrument is used improperly or handled carelessly.

In order to maintain flawless technical safety conditions, and to assure safe use, it is imperative that you read the operating instructions thoroughly and carefully before placing your instrument into service, and that you follow all instructions contained therein.

Measuring Categories and their Significance per IEC 61010-1

The measuring category and the maximum rated voltage which are printed on the device apply to your measuring instrument, e.g. 300 V CAT II.

Refer to section 11.2 regarding use of the measurement cables.

Observe the following safety precautions:

• The multimeter may not be used in potentially explosive

atmospheres.

• The multimeter may only be operated by persons who are

capable of recognizing contact hazards and taking the appropriate safety precautions. Contact hazards according to the standard exist anywhere, where voltages of greater than 33 V RMS or 70 V DC may occur. Avoid working alone when taking measurements which involve contact hazards. Be certain that a second person is present.

• Maximum permissible voltage

between the voltage measuring sockets or all connector sockets and ground is 300 V for measuring category II.

• Be prepared for the occurrence of unexpected voltages at

devices under test (e.g. defective devices). For example, capacitors may be dangerously charged.

CAT Definition

Measurements in electrical circuits which are not directly connected to the mains,

e.g. electrical systems in motor vehicles and aircraft, batteries etc.

Measurements in electrical circuits which are directly connected to the low-voltage mains

via plug, e.g. in household, office and laboratory applications etc.

III

Measurements in building installations: stationary consumers, distributor terminals, devices connected permanently to the distributor

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 9

Safety Precautions

• Make certain that the measurement cables are in flawless condition, e.g. no damage to insulation, no interruptions in cables or plugs etc.

• Device functions may not be executed in electrical circuits with corona discharge (high-voltage).

• Special care is required when measurements are made in HF electrical circuits. Dangerous pulsating voltages may be present.

• Measurements under moist ambient conditions are not permitted.

• Be absolutely certain that the measuring ranges are not overloaded beyond their allowable capacities. Limit values are included in section 9, “Technical Data”, in the table entitled “Measuring Functions and Measuring Ranges” in the “Overload Capacity” column.

• The multimeter may only be operated with installed batteries or rechargeable batteries. Dangerous currents and voltages are otherwise not indicated, and the instrument may be damaged.

• The instrument may not be operated if the fuse cover or the battery compartment lid has been removed, or if its housing is open.

• The input for the current measuring range is equipped with a fuse link. Maximum permissible voltage for the measuring circuit (= rated voltage of the fuse) is 300 V AC/DC. Use specified fuses only (see page 73)! The fuse must have a

breaking capacity of at least 1,5 kA.

Special Safety Precautions for the Calibrator

• If necessary, use the multimeter section of the instrument to make sure that no dangerous contact voltages are present in the signal circuits to which the instrument is to be connected.

• In order to prevent damage to the instrument, observe the maximum allowable voltage and current values indicated at the jacks. With the exception of the resistance simulation and mA SINK operating modes, the connected signal circuits should not feed any voltage or current back to the calibrator. In order to avoid damage to the instrument when interference voltages are applied (within allowable limit values), the mA SINK and mA SOURCE circuits are equipped with an fuse, which makes this circuit highly resistive in the event that excessive current should occur in case of a fault for the duration of overloading.

10 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Safety Precautions

Opening of Equipment / Repair

The equipment may be opened only by authorized service personnel to ensure the safe and correct operation of the equipment and to keep the warranty valid.

Even original spare parts may be installed only by authorized service personnel.

In case the equipment was opened by unauthorized personnel, no warranty regarding personal safety, measurement accuracy, conformity with applicable safety measures or any consequential damage is granted by the manufacturer.

Repair and Parts Replacement

When the instrument is opened, voltage conducting parts may be exposed. The instrument must be disconnected from the measuring circuit before performing repairs or replacing of parts. If repair of a live open instrument is required, it may only be carried out by trained personnel who are familiar with the dangers involved.

Defects and Extraordinary Strains

If it may be assumed that the instrument can no longer be operated safely, it must be removed from service and secured against unintentional use. Safe operation can no longer be relied upon:

• If the device demonstrates visible damage

• If the instrument no longer functions, or if malfunctioning occurs

• After long periods of storage under unfavorable conditions, e.g. humidity, dust or extreme temperature (see “Ambient Conditions” on page 73).

1.1 Use for Intended Purpose

• The multimeter is a portable device which can be held in the hand during the performance of measurements.

• Only those types of measurements described in section 5 may be performed with the measuring instrument.

• The measuring instrument, including measurement cables and plug-on test probes, may only be utilized within the specified measuring category (see section 9 and the table on page 8 regarding significance).

• Overload limits may not be exceeded. See technical data on section 9 for overload values and overload limits.

• Measurements may only be performed under the specified ambient conditions. See section 9 regarding operating temperature range and relative humidity.

• The measuring instrument may only be used in accordance with the specified degree of protection (IP code) (see section 9).

Warning!

The instrument may not be operated in explosive atmospheres, or connected to intrinsically safe electrical circuits.

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 11

Safety Precautions

1.2 Meanings of Danger Symbols

Warning concerning a source of danger (attention: observe documentation!)

1.3 Meanings of Acoustic Warning Signals

Warning for dangerous voltage at the measurement input: U > 33 V AC or U > 70 V DC (double acoustic signal)

Warning for excessive current in the 300 mA measuring range: > 310 mA (intermittent acoustic signal)

Voltage warning: > 310 V (intermittent acoustic signal)

(2x)

...

12 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols

1 Display (LCD) (see page 13 for significance of symbols) 2 MAN / AUTO Shift key for manual/automatic measuring range selection

 Increase parameter values

Operating mode menu: Selection of individual menu entries against direction of flow

ON / OFF | LIGHT

key for switching device and display illumination on and off

4 OUT | ENTER

OUT: Switch calibrator output on and off Operating mode menu: Acknowledge entry (ENTER)



Increase measuring range or move decimal point to the right (MAN function)

6 Rotary switch for measuring functions (white) and calibration functions

(red), (see page 13 for significance of symbols) 7 DAkkS calibration mark 8 Connector jacks for calibrator output 9 Connector jacks for measuring and sensing inputs

10 DATA / MIN / MAX

Key for freezing, comparing and deleting the measured value, and for the

Min-Max function

 Decrease values

Operating mode menu: Selection of individual menu entries in the direction of flow

11 MEASURE / CAL | SETUP

Key for switching between measuring, calibration and menu functions

12 ZERO / SEL | ESC

Key for zero balancing and for selecting double functions

Operating mode menu: Exit current menu level and return to a higher level.

Exit parameters entry function without saving. Pause ramp/interval



Decrease measuring range or move decimal point to the left (MAN function) 14 Power pack connector jack 15 Infrared interface

→

section 4.3

→

section 3

→

section 5

→

section 8

→

section 7

→

section 3

→

section 6

→

section 4.1.2

Max. 300 V !

section 4.1←

section 4.4

←

section 7

←

section 3

←

section 7

←

section 3.1

←

→

section 1.2

Not a measuring input!

Do not connect external voltage except for current sink.

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 13

Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols

Symbols Used in the Digital Display

1 Battery level indicator 2 NUM: Numeric entry of the output signal 3 INT: Interval sequence active 4 RAMP: Ramp function active 5 SINK: Current sink active 6 SOURCE: Current source active 7 ON: Calibrator output active 8 IR: infrared interface indicator

9 Auxiliary display with decimal point and polarity display 10 STORE: memory mode active 11 Selected type of current 12 Transformation ratio (current clamp factor) 13 Diode measurement selected 14 Unit of measure 15 Continuity test with acoustic signal active 16 : Continuous operation (automatic shutdown deactivated) 17 Digital display with decimal point and polarity display 18 RTD: selected nickel or platinum resistance thermometer 19 TC: temperature measurement with thermocouple types B through U 20 MAN: manual measuring range selection active 21 DATA: display memory, “freeze measured value” 22 max/min: Min-Max value storage 23 Δ: relative measurement with reference to offset 24 ZERO: zero balancing active

1 28

654 7

Battery full

Battery OK

Battery weak

Battery (almost) dead, U < 1.8 V

Data transmission ↓ to / ↑ from calibrator active

IR interface in stand-by mode (ready to receive power-up commands)

Battery Level Indicator

Interface Indicator (with rotary switch setting ≠ OFF)

22 242120

* Calibration function: current I

Sink

possible (U > 2.3 V)

14 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols

Symbols Used for Rotary Switch Positions

Rotary Switch

SEL

Display ZERO Measuring Function – White Printing

V —mV, V DC • Direct voltage V~ 0/2 mV, V ~ AC TRMS • Alternating voltage, AC TRMS, full bandwidth Hz (V) 1 Hz, kHz ~ AC — Voltage frequency, full bandwidth

0/2 Ω, kΩ, MΩ•(DC) resistance

1 ς — Continuity test Ω with acoustic signal

—

V DC — Diode voltage

Temp. T C —

°C types B ... U

— Temperature, type K thermocouple

Temp. R T D — °C Pt100/1000

°C Ni100/1000

• Temperature with resistance thermometer

—nF μF • Capacitance mA —μA, mA DC • Direct current value mA~ — μA, mA ~ AC TRMS • Alternating current amperage, AC TRMS

Rotary Switch

SEL

Display Calibration Function – Red Printing V — V DC Direct voltage simulator Hz — Hz Pulse / frequency generator

0/2 ς (DC) Resistance simulator

Temp. T C —

°C types B ... U

Thermocouple simulator

Temp. R T D — °C Pt100/1000

°C Ni100/1000

Resistance thermometer simulator

mA — mA Current sink mA — mA Current sensor

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 15

Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols

User Interface Symbols in the Following Sections

 ...  Scroll through main menu

 ...  Scroll through submenu

  Select decimal point

 Increase/decrease value

time Submenu/parameter (7-segment font)

1nFo Main menu (7-segment font, boldface)

Symbols on the Device

Warning concerning a source of danger (attention: observe documentation!)

Ground

CAT II

Overvoltage category II (see also “Measuring Categories and their Significance per IEC 61010-1

” on page 8

)

Continuous, doubled or reinforced insulation

EC label of conformity

s IR t Position of the infrared interface, window on the top of

the instrument

See also section 3.1 regarding location of the power pack adapter socket.

Fuse for current measuring ranges, see section 10.3

This device may not be disposed of with the trash. Further information regarding the WEEE mark can be accessed on the Internet at www.gossenmetrawatt.com by entering the search term WEEE (see also section 10.5).

Calibration mark (blue seal):

See also “Recalibration” on page 79.

5V/600mA

Serial number

Registration number Date of calibraion (year – month)

German Accrediation Body GmbH – Calibration lab

XY123

2012-08

D-K-

15080-01-01

16 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Initial Start-Up – Setup

3 Initial Start-Up

3.1 Inserting Batteries or Rechargeable Batteries

Be certain to refer to section 10.2 regarding correct battery installation.

Momentary battery voltage can be queried in the Info menu (see section 7.3).

Attention!

Disconnect the instrument from the measuring circuit before opening the battery compartment lid in order to replace the batteries.

Operation With Power Pack (accessory, not included, see section 11.3)

Installed batteries are disconnected electronically if the power pack is used, and need not be removed from the instrument. If rechargeable batteries are used, they must be recharged externally. If the external power supply is switched off, the device is switched to battery operation without interruption.

3.2 Switching the Instrument On

Switching the Instrument On Manually

Ð Press the ON / OFF | LIGHT key until the display appears.

Power-up is acknowledged with a brief acoustic signal. As long as the key is held depressed, all of the segments at the liquid crystal display (LCD) are illuminated. The LCD is depicted on page 13. The instrument is ready for use as soon as the key is released.

Display Illumination

After the instrument has been switched on, background illumination can be activated by briefly pressing the ON / OFF | LIGHT key. Illumination is switched back off by once again pressing the same key, or automatically after approximately 1 minute.

Switching the Instrument On with a PC

The multimeter is switched on after transmission of a data block from the PC, assuming that the “irStb” parameter has been set to “ir on” (see section 7.4).

However, we recommend using the power saving mode “ir off”.

Note

Electrical discharge and high frequency interference may cause incorrect displays to appear, and may disable the measuring or calibrating sequence. Disconnect the device from the measuring circuit. Switch the instrument off and back on again in order to reset. If the problem persists, briefly dislodge the battery from the connector contacts (see also section 10.2).

3.3 Setting the Operating Parameters

Setting Time and Date

See the “t iME” and “dAtE” parameter in section 7.4.

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 17

Initial Start-Up – Setup

3.4 Switching the Instrument Off

Switching the Instrument Off Manually

Ð Press the ON / OFF | LIGHT key until 0FF appears at the display.

Shutdown is acknowledged with a brief acoustic signal. Ð Complete shutdown of all functions including the IR interface

is accomplished by turning the rotary switch to OFF. In the calibration function, the output can be shut down separately with the OUT | ENTER key. Shutdown is acknowledged with a brief acoustic signal. Exceptions:

If a dangerous voltage is present at the input, shutdown is blocked and an acoustic signal is generated. The instrument must be disconnected from the measuring cables before being switched off.

Automatic Shutdown – DMM

The instrument is switched off automatically if the measured value remains unchanged for a long period of time (maximum measured value fluctuation of approx. 0.8% of the measuring range per minute, or 1° C or 1° F per minute), and if none of the keys or the rotary switch have been activated before a selected period of time in minutes has elapsed (see “APoFF” parameter on page 63). Shutdown is acknowledged with a brief acoustic signal. Exceptions: Transmission and memory mode operation, continuous operation and whenever a dangerous voltage is applied to the input (U > 33 V AC or U > 70 V DC).

Automatic Shutdown – Calibrator

The device is switched off automatically after the selected time, “APoFF ” (see page 63), has elapsed. The display is shut down after one additional minute, assuming that neither the rotary switch nor any of the keys are activated. The display can also be switched off by pressing the ON / OFF | LIGHT key. Automatic shutdown of the outputs is disabled in the continuous operation mode (AP oFF = on).

Disabling Automatic Shutdown

The instrument can be set to continuous operation.

Ð Simultaneously press the

and keys to this end.

Select AP oFF = on in the setup menu (see “

APoFF

” on page 63.)

Continuous operation is indicated at the display with the

symbol.

The “Continuous On” setting can only be canceled by changing the respective parameter, and not by switching the instrument off if automatic shutdown has been deactivated in the setup menu (see “APoFF” on page

63).

ON / OFF

LIGHT

OUT

ENTER

18 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Control Functions

4 Control Functions

4.1 Selecting Measuring Functions and Measuring Ranges

The desired measuring function (white symbols) is selected with the rotary switch. Double functions like Hz and continuity testing are selected with the OUT | ENTER key.

4.1.1 Automatic Range Selection

The multimeter is equipped with auto-ranging for all measuring functions except for temperature measurement, and diode and continuity testing. Auto-ranging is active as soon as the instrument is switched on. The instrument automatically selects the measuring range which allows for highest possible resolution of the applied quantity. When the instrument is switched to frequency measurement, the previously selected voltage measuring range remains active.

AUTO-Range Function

The multimeter is switched automatically to the next higher range at ±(30,999 d + 1 d → 31,000 d) and to the next lower range at ±(2700 d - 1 d → 2699 d).

Exception, capacitance measurement:

The multimeter is switched automatically to the next higher range at ±(3099 d + 1 d → 310 d) and to the next lower range at ±(270 d - 1 d → 2699 d).

4.1.2 Manual Measuring Range Selection

Auto-ranging can be deactivated and measuring ranges can be selected manually in accordance with the following table by pressing the MAN / AUTO button.

The desired measuring range can then be selected with the

 or

 scroll key.

The instrument is automatically returned to range selection when the MAN / AUTO key is pressed, the rotary switch is activated or the instrument is switched off and back on again.

Overview: Auto-Ranging and Manual Range Selection

* Via manual measuring range selection only ** The momentary measured value is used as a reference point during zero

balancing, and is subtracted from future measured values. Maximum correction is 50% of the measuring range. If the measuring range is changed with the help of the MAN key, the ZERO function remains active (at the display and in memory).

Note

Use short or shielded measurement cables in case of high-impedance resistance (3 MΩ or 30 MΩ range).

Function Display

MAN / AUTO

Manual mode active:

Utilized measuring range is fixed

MAN

 or 

Range switching sequence for:

∗∗

: 60 mV* ↔ 300 mV* ↔ 3 V ↔ 30 V ↔ 300 V

Hz: 300 Hz

↔

3 kHz ↔ 30 kHz ↔ 300 kHz

∗∗

300 Ω ↔ 3 kΩ ↔ 30 k

Ω ↔

300 k

Ω ↔

3 M

Ω ↔

30 M

A∗∗:

300 μA ↔ 3 mA ↔ 30 mA ↔ 300 mA

30 nF ↔ 300 nF ↔ 3 μF ↔ 30 μF ↔ 300 μF

MAN

MAN / AUTO

Return to automatic measuring range selection —

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 19

Control Functions

4.1.3 Quick Measurements

Measurements performed using a suitable fixed measuring range are executed more quickly than those which utilize automatic range selection. Quick measurement is made possible with the following two functions:

• Manual measuring range selection, i.e. selection of the measuring

range with the best resolution (see section 4.1.2)

•With the DATA function (see section 4.4). In this way, the

appropriate measuring range is selected automatically after the first measurement, and the second measurement is executed more quickly.

The selected measuring range remains active for the subsequent series of measurements with these two functions.

4.2 Zero Offset / Relative Measurements

Zero balancing or a reference value for relative measurements can be stored to memory depending upon deviation from the zero point:

The relevant reference or correction value is deducted individually for the respective measuring function as an offset from all future measurements and remains in memory until deleted, or until the multimeter is switched off.

Zero balancing and reference value adjustment can be used for auto-ranging, as well as for manual measuring range selection.

Zero Balancing

Ð Plug the measuring cables into the instrument and connect the

free ends to each other, except for capacitance measurement in which case the ends of the cables are not connected to each other.

Ð Briefly press the ZERO / SEL | ESC key.

The instrument acknowledges zero balancing with an acoustic signal, and the “D ZERO” symbol appears at the LCD. The value measured at the moment the key is pressed serves as a reference value.

Ð Zero balancing can be cleared by once again pressing the

ZERO / SEL | ESC key.

Note

As a result of TRMS measurement, the multimeter displays a residual value of 1 to 30 digits with short-circuited measurement cables as the zero point for V AC/I AC measurements (non-linearity of the TRMS converter). This has no influence on specified accuracy above 2% of the measuring range (or 3% in the mV range).

Deviation from zero point – with short-circuited measurement cables for V, Ω, mA, RTD – with open input for capacitance unit of measure F

Display

0 to 200 digits Δ ZERO

> 200 to 15000 digits Δ

20 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Control Functions

4.3 Display (LCD)

4.3.1 Exceeding the Measuring Range

Measured Value, Unit of Measure, Type of Current, Polarity

The measured value appears at the digital display with decimal and plus or minus sign. The selected unit of measure and current type are displayed as well. A minus sign appears to the left of the value during the measurement of zero-frequency quantities, if the plus pole of the measured quantity is applied to the “⊥” input.

Overranging If the upper range limit of 31,000 digits is exceeded “0L” (overload)

appears at the display. Exceptions: “0L” appears as of 3100 digits for capacitance measurement, and as of 61,000 digits for diode testing.

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 21

Control Functions

4.4 Measured Value Storage: DATA (auto-hold / compare)

An individual measured value can be automatically “frozen” with the DATA function (auto-hold). This is useful, for example, when contacting the measuring points with the test probes requires your full attention. After the measuring signal has been applied and the measured value has settled in in accordance with the “condition” listed in the table below, the measured value is frozen in the top left section of the auxiliary display as well as the associated „freeze time“ in the top right section and an acoustic signal is generated. The test probes can now be removed from the measuring points, and the measured value can be read from the digital display. If the measuring signal falls below the value specified in the table, the function is reactivated for storage of the next value.

Measured Value Comparison (DATA Compare)

If the currently frozen value deviates from the first saved value by less than 100 digits, the acoustic signal is generated twice. If deviation is greater than 100 digits, only a brief acoustic signal is generated.

Note

However, when the digital display is “frozen”, the decimal point is fixed as well (fixed measuring range, symbol: MAN). The selected measuring range should not be manually changed as long as the DATA function is active.

The DATA function is deactivated by pressing and holding the DATA/MIN/MAX key (approx. 1 second), when the measuring function is changed or when the instrument is switched off and back on again.

Reactivation results from falling short of specified measured value limits.

Two acoustic signals are generated the first time a measured value is saved as a reference value. For subsequent data hold, two acoustic signals are only generated if the currently frozen value deviates from the first saved value by less than 100 digits.

Key: MV = measured value, MR = measuring range

DATA

Function

Data/

Min/Max

Key

Condition Response from Instrument

Measuring

Function

Measuring

Signal

Auxiliary Display Acous-

tic Sig-

nal

top left top right

Activate Brief Once

Save (stabilized measured

value)

V, A, F, Hz,

> 10%

rdg.

frozen

MV is

indicated

„Freeze time“ is

indicated

Once

Twi ce

RTD TC Ω

≠ 0L

Reactivate

V, A, F, Hz,

< 10%

rdg.

Stored

RTD TCΩ

= 0L

Change to

Min/Max

Brief See table, section 4.4.1

Exit Long

Is deleted Is deleted

Tw ic e

V, mA, Hz

t [s]

100%

10%

Activated

Reactivated

Save

30,000 Digits

of Measuring Range

31,000 Digits

22 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Control Functions

Example

The voltage measuring range is set manually to 10 V. The first measured value is 5 V and is stored to memory because it is greater than 10% of the measuring range. As soon as the measured value drops to less than 10% of the measuring range, i.e. amounts to less than 1 V which corresponds to removal of the test probes from the measuring point, the instrument is ready to store a new value.

4.4.1 Saving Minimum and Maximum Values – Min/Max Function

Minimum and maximum measured values applied to the measuring instrument’s input after the Min/Max function has been activated can be “frozen” at the display. The most important use of this function is the determination of minimum and maximum values during long-term measured value observation.

The Min/Max function can be activated in all measuring functions. Apply the measured quantity to the instrument and set the mea-

suring range with the MAN / AUTO key before activating the Min/ Max function.

The Min/Max function is deactivated by pressing and holding the DATA/MIN/MAX key (approx. 1 second), when the measuring function is changed or when the instrument is switched off and back on again.

Note

As opposed to the DATA function, the Min/Max function can also be used for temperature measurement.

Min-Max Function

Data/

Min/Max

Key

Min. and Max.

Measured Values

Response from Instrument

Display

Acous

tic

Sig-

nal

Digital

Measured

Valu e

Max.

Min.

Activate

and save

1 x brief Are saved

Current

measured

value

Min.

Once

Save and

display

Brief

Storage continues in background, new min. and max.

values are displayed together

with the point in time of

occurrence.

Saved min.

value

Min.

Once

Brief

Saved max.

value

Max.

Once

Stop Long Are deleted

Current

measured

value

deleted

Twi ce

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 23

Control Functions

4.5 Measurement Data Recording

The multimeter is capable of recording measurement data using an adjustable sampling rate for long periods of time in the form of measurement series. Data are stored to a battery backed memory module, and are retained even after the multimeter is switched off. The system acquires measured values relative to real-time.

Stored measured values can subsequently be read out with the help of METRAwin 10 software. The only prerequisite is a PC which is connected by means of an interface cable to the USB X-TRA bidirectional interface adapter, which is plugged onto the digital multimeter. See also section 8.

Memory Parameters Overview

The STORE Menu Function

Ð First set the sampling rate for memory mode operation

(see section 7.4 the rAtE parameter), and then start memory mode operation.

Ð Select the desired measuring function and an appropriate

measuring range.

Ð Check the battery charge level before starting long-term

measurement recordings (see section 7.3). Connect the NA X-TRA power pack if applicable.

Starting Recording via Menu Functions

Ð Switch to the “SETUP” mode by pressing MEAS / CAL | SETUP and

select the “StorE” menu.

1nFo

 ...  StorE StArt StorE

Ð Memory mode operation is started by acknowledging with

OUT | ENTER. The small STORE segment appears, indicating that the memory mode has been activated. “Store” appears at the digital display, indicating that you’re still in the menu function.

Ð Press MEAS / CAL | SETUP in order to return to the measuring

function.

Parameter Page: Header

CLEAr

24: Clear Memory

EMpty

24: Clear Memory – appears after CLEAr

0CCvP

24: Querying Memory Occupancy

rAtE

62: rAtE – set the sampling rate

StArt

23: Starting Recording via Menu Functions

StoP

24: Ending Recording

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

STORE

24 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Control Functions

During Recording

In order to be able to observe measured values during recording, switch to the measuring function by pressing MEAS / CAL | SETUP. After pressing MEAS / CAL | SETUP once again, the display is returned to the 1nfo menu where memory occupancy can be queried with the 0CuPP parameter.

Note

As soon as memory is full, the “Store” segment is cleared from the display.

A new memory block is created when another measuring function is selected with the rotary switch or the OUT | ENTER key. Data storage then continues automatically.

Ending Recording

store stop store

Ð Press MEAS / CAL | SETUP in order to return to the measuring

function.

Ð Memory mode operation can also be exited by switching the

multimeter off.

Querying Memory Occupancy

Memory occupancy can be queried during recording with the help of the “1nFo” menu (see also section 7.3).

Memory occupancy range: 000.1% to 099.9%.

1nFo

bAtt: 

... 

0CCvP

017.4

Memory occupancy can be queried before recording is started via the “1nfo” menu.

1nFo

 ...  StorE 017.4 %  StArt

Clear Memory

This function deletes all measured values from memory! This function cannot be executed during memory mode operation.

1nFo

 ...  StorE StArt

 Clear 

yes

empty → StorE

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 25

Control Functions

26 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5 Measurements

5.1 Switching from the Calibration Function to the Measuring Function

If any calibration function is active, press and hold the MEASURE / CAL | SETUP key in order to activate the measuring function.

0230.6

0050.0

MEAS/CAL

SETUP

CALIBRATOR MULTIMETER

15.000 calibV

Long

–+ +

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 27

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.2 Voltage Measurement

Notes Regarding Voltage Measurement

• The multimeter may only be operated with installed batteries or rechargeable batteries. Dangerous voltages are otherwise not indicated, and the instrument may be damaged.

• The multimeter may only be operated by persons who are capable of recognizing contact hazards and taking the appropriate safety precautions. Contact hazards exist anywhere, where voltages of greater than 33 V (RMS) may occur. The test probes may only be only gripped up to the finger guard. Do not touch the metallic test probes under any circumstances.

• Avoid working alone when taking measurements which involve contact hazards. Be certain that a second person is present.

• Maximum permissible voltage between the connector sockets, (9 and 10) and ground (8) is 300 V for measuring category II.

• Be prepared for the occurrence of unexpected voltages at devices under test (e.g. defective devices). For example, capacitors may be dangerously charged.

• No measurements may be made with this instrument in electrical circuits with corona discharge (high-voltage).

• Special care is required when measurements are made in HF electrical circuits. Dangerous pulsating voltages may be present.

Scope of Functions, Voltage Measurement

Scope of Functions, Current Measurement via Current Clamp Sensor

Function

V AC / Hz TRMS

•

V DC

•

Frequency response, V AC

20 kHz

Function

Transformation Ratio

A AC / Hz

A DC

Hz (A AC)

... 10 kHz

28 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.2.1 Direct Voltage Measurement, V DC

Note

Set the CL iP parameter to 0FF in the current clamp setup menu.

Otherwise all measured values are displayed in mA, corrected by the amount resulting from the selected transformation ratio for an interconnected current clamp sensor.

1nFo  ...  SET time  ...  CL IP

1 / 10/100/1000 / 0ff



Ð In accordance with the voltage to be measured, turn the rotary

switch to V .

Ð Connect the measurement cables as shown.

The “⊥” connector jack should be grounded.

Note

An intermittent acoustic signal warns the operator if the measured value exceeds the upper range limit in the 300 V range.

Make sure that a current measuring range (“A”) has not been activated, when the multimeter is connected for voltage measurement! If the fuse’s blowing limits are exceeded as a result of operator error, both the operator and the instrument are in danger!

With the rotary switch in the V position, the multimeter is always in the 1 V measuring range immediately after it is switched on. As soon a the MAN / AUTO key is pressed, and assuming the measured value is less than 310 mV, the multimeter is switched to the mV measuring range.

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

–+ +

– (+)

+ (–)

020.00

> 33 V AC or > 70 V DC:

MB 300 V > 310 V:

Warnings regarding dangerous voltages:

Measuring ranges:

...

(2x)

V= : 60mV / 30mV /

3 V / 30 V / 300 V

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 29

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.2.2 Alternating Voltage and Frequency Measurement, V AC and Hz

Ð In accordance with the voltage or frequency to be measured,

turn the rotary switch to V~.

Ð Connect the measurement cables as shown.

The “⊥” connector jack should be grounded.

Note: See note regarding the CL iP parameter in section 5.2.1.

Voltage Measurement

Note

An intermittent acoustic signal warns the operator if the measured value exceeds the upper range limit in the 300 V range.

Make sure that a current measuring range (“mA”) has not been activated, when the multimeter is connected for voltage measurement! If the fuse’s blowing limits are exceeded as a result of operator error, both the operator and the instrument are in danger!

Ð Repeatedly press the multifunction key OUT | ENTER until the

unit of measure V appears at the display.

Frequency measurement

Ð Connect the measured quantity in the same way as for voltage

measurement.

Ð Manually select the measuring range for the voltage amplitude.

When the instrument is switched to frequency measurement, the previously selected voltage measuring range remains active.

Ð Repeatedly press the multifunction key OUT | ENTER until the

unit of measure Hz appears at the display. Lowest measurable frequencies and maximum allowable voltages are included in section 9, “Technical Data”.

–+ +

max. 300 V (< 10 kHz)

V~: 60mV ... 300 V

Hz: 300 Hz ... 300 kHz

max. 100 V (> 10 kHz)

max

= 3 x 106 V x Hz

Measuring ranges:

for U > 100 V

0230.6

050.03

ZERO/SEL

ESC

> 33 V AC or > 70 V DC:

MB 300 V > 310 V:

Warnings regarding dangerous voltage:

(2x)

...

30 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

Voltage Comparator for Displaying Dangerous Voltage

The input signal or measuring signal is checked by a voltage comparator for dangerous peaks. Where U > 33 V AC or U > 70 V DC, two acoustic signals are generated.

5.2.3 Transient Overvoltages

The multimeters are protected against transient overvoltages of up to 8 kV with wave-front durations of 1.2 ms and halftimes of 50 μs in the voltage measuring range. If longer pulse durations are expected, for example when conducting measurements at transformers or motors, we recommend the use of our KS30 measuring adapter. It provides protection against transient overvoltages of up to 6 kV with wave-front durations of 10, and halftimes of 1000 μs. Continuous load capacity amounts to 1200 V

RMS

. Additional influence error caused by the KS30

measuring adapter amounts to approximately -2%.

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 31

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.3 Resistance Measurement Ω

Ð Disconnect supply power from the electrical circuit of the

device to be measured, and discharge all high-voltage capacitors.

Ð Make sure that the device under test is voltage-free.

Interference voltages distort measurement results! Refer to section 5.2.1 regarding testing for the absence of voltage with the help of the direct voltage measurement.

Ð Set the rotary switch to “Ω”.

Ð Connect the device under test as shown.

Note

Use short or shielded measurement cables in the case of high-impedance resistance.

Improving Accuracy by means of Zero Balancing

Cable resistance and contact resistance can be eliminated in all measuring ranges by means of zero balancing (see section 4.2). Maximum correction amounts to 50% of the measuring range.

–+ +

0V !

000.00

300 Ω … 30 MΩ

Measuring ranges:

32 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.4 Continuity Test

Ð Disconnect supply power from the electrical circuit of the

device to be measured, and discharge all high-voltage capacitors.

Ð Make sure that the device under test is voltage-free.

Interference voltages distort measurement results!

Ð Set the rotary switch to Ω.

Ð Press the SEL key.

Ð Connect the conductor path under test as shown.

Depending upon the selected limit value, the multimeter generates a continuous acoustic signal in the case of continuity or short-circuiting, i.e. at a value of less than the selected limit value.

“0L ” appears at the display in the case of an open connection. The limit value can be adjusted in the “SET” menu (see also

section 7.4):

1nFo  ...  SET time  ...  bEEP

1, 10, 20, 30, 40, ... 300 Ω



(10 = default setting)

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

–+ +

0V !

0000.8

R < 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, ... 300 Ω

ZERO/SEL

ESC

0000.8

...

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 33

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.5 Diode Testing with Constant Current of 1 mA

Ð Disconnect supply power from the electrical circuit of the

device to be measured, and discharge all high-voltage capacitors.

Ð Make sure that the device under test is voltage-free.

Interference voltages distort measurement results! Refer to section 5.2.1 regarding testing for the absence of voltage with the help of the direct voltage measurement.

Ð Set the rotary switch to .

Ð Connect the device under test as shown.

Attention!

Observe open-circuit voltage of 7 V during diode testing. Circuits must be laid out accordingly.

Forward Direction and Short-Circuit

The instrument displays forward voltage in volts (display: 4 places). As long as voltage drop does not exceed the maximum display value of 6 V, several series connected components or reference diodes can be tested with a small reference voltage and Z-diodes.

Reverse Direction and Interruption

The measuring instrument indicates overload 0L.

Note

Resistors and semiconductor paths connected in parallel to the diode distort measurement results!

–+ +

Forward Direction Reverse Direction

0V !

0.654

0.L

to 6 V

Measuring range:

–

1.8569

34 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.6 Temperature Measurement

Temperature measurement is performed with a thermocouple (accessory, not included), which is connected to the voltage input. Alternatively, a resistance thermometer can be used.

Selecting the Unit of Measure for Temperature

1nFo

 ...  setup time  ... 

temp unit °C / °F



(°C = default setting)

5.6.1 Measurement with Thermocouples, Temp TC

Ð Set the rotary switch to “Temp

”.

Note

The last selected temperature sensor remains in memory and is accordingly displayed.

Ð The reference temperature is measured at the internal

reference junction. It is shown in the right-hand auxiliary display or else can be queried (see parameter “1tEMP” in section 7.3 regarding querying).

Note

The internal reference temperature (temperature of the internal reference junction) is measured by a temperature sensor inside of the instrument. This may be somewhat above room temperature as a result of internal heat-up, or moving from warmer to colder surroundings or vice versa.

Ð Connect the sensor to the two accessible jacks. The

instrument displays the measured temperature using the selected unit of measure.

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

–+ +

Temp

100.5

TE (TC)

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 35

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.6.2 Measurement with Resistance Thermometers

Ð Set the rotary switch to “Temp

RTD

”.

The last selected resistance thermometer type remains in memory and is accordingly displayed.

There are two different ways to compensate for cable resistance:

Automatic Compensation

Ð Press and hold the ZERO / SEL | ESC key.

The “short leads” prompt appears at the display.

If you prefer to enter cable resistance directly, you can skip the following paragraph.

Ð Short circuit the measuring instrument’s connector cables.

Meas rLEADS appears at the display. A value of “000.00” settles in. After pressing the OUT | ENTER key, automatic compensation of cable resistance is activated for all subsequent measurements.

The short-circuit can now be eliminated, and the

device is ready for use.

Entering Cable Resistance

Ð Press the ZERO / SEL | ESC key once again in the automatic

compensation menu.

Ð Enter the known resistance of the connector cables with the

scroll keys: Select the digit to be changed with the   keys, and change the respectively selected digit with the  keys. The default value is 0.43 Ω. Values can be selected within a range of 0 to 50 Ω.

Ð Upon pressing the OUT | ENTER key, the selected value is

activated and the display is returned to the measuring function. Cable resistance is taken into consideration for future

measurements, and appears at the top left of the measurement display. Cable resistance remains in memory even after the instrument has been switched off.

36 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

–+ +

MULTIMETER

100.5

Pt1000

RTD

001.00

short leads

Enter cable resistance

OUT

ENTER

ZERO/SEL

ESC

ZERO/SEL

ESC

OUT

ENTER

00.4

meas rleads

set leads

Temp

RTD

Long

Pt100

ZERO/SEL

ESC

MAN / AUTO

DATA/MIN/MAX

Pt1000 Ni100 Ni1000

OUT

ENTER

R < 50 Ω

RL 0.4

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 37

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.7 Capacitance Measurement

Ð Disconnect supply power from the electrical circuit of the

device to be measured, and discharge all high-voltage capacitors.

Ð Make sure that the device under test is voltage-free.

Capacitors must always be discharged before measurement is performed. Interference voltages distort measurement results! Refer to section 5.2.1 regarding testing for the absence of voltage with the help of the direct voltage measurement.

Ð Set the rotary switch to “ ”.

Ð Connect the (discharged!) device under test to the sockets

with the measurement cables as shown.

Note

The “–” pole of polarized capacitors must be connected to the “⊥” jack. Resistors and semiconductor paths connected in parallel to the capacitor distort measurement results!

Improving Accuracy by means of Zero Balancing

Cable capacitance can be eliminated in all measuring ranges by means of zero balancing (see section 4.2). Maximum correction amounts to 50% of the measuring range.

–+ +

0V !

10.38

–

30 nF ... 300 μF

Measuring range:

38 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.8 Current Measurement

Notes Regarding Current Measurement

• The multimeter may only be operated with installed batteries or rechargeable batteries. Dangerous currents are otherwise not indicated, and the instrument may be damaged.

• Set up the measuring circuit in a mechanically secure fashion, and secure it against inadvertent breaks. Select conductor cross-sections and lay out connections such that they do not overheat.

• An intermittent acoustic signal (250 ms on, 250 ms off) warns of current which exceeds 310 mA in the 300 mA range.

• The input for the current measuring range is equipped with a fuse link. Maximum permissible voltage for the measuring circuit (= rated voltage of the fuse) is 1000 V AC/DC. Use specified fuses only! The fuse must have a breaking capacity of at least 1.5 kA.

• If the fuse for the active current measuring range blows, “FUSE” appears at the digital display, and an acoustic signal is generated at the same time.

• If a fuse should blow, eliminate the cause of overload before placing the instrument back into service!

• Fuse replacement is described in section 10.3.

• Be absolutely certain that the measuring ranges are not overloaded beyond their allowable capacities. Limit values are included in section 9, “Technical Data” in the table entitled “Measuring Functions and Measuring Ranges” in the “Overload Capacity” column.

Scope of Functions, Current Measurement, Direct Connection

Scope of Functions, Current Measurement via Current Clamp Sensor

Function mA AC / Hz ~ 300 μA

3/30/300 mA

A DC 300 μA

3/30/300 mA

400 V fuse

•

Function

Transformation Ratio

—

A AC / Hz

—

A AC+DC

—

A DC

—

Hz (A AC)

... 10 kHz

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 39

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.8.1 Direct Current Measurement, A DC

Ð First disconnect supply power from the measuring circuit or

the power consumer (1), and discharge any capacitors.

Ð Set the rotary switch to mA .

Ð Safely connect the measuring instrument (without contact

resistance) in series to the power consumer (2) as shown.

Ð Switch supply power to the measuring circuit back on (3).

Ð Read the display. Make a note of the measured value if the

instrument is not being operated in the memory mode or the transmission mode.

Ð Disconnect supply power from the measuring circuit or the

power consumer (1) once again, and discharge any capacitors.

Ð Remove the test probes from the measuring point and return

the measuring circuit to its normal condition.

–+ +

I > 310 mA

003.50

300 μA / 3 mA 30 mA / 300 mA

8.8.8.8.8

Current

Measuring ranges:

Current measurement only with batteries installed!

MR 300 mA

...

40 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.8.2 Alternating Current and Frequency Measurement,

Direct Connection, mA AC and Hz

Ð First disconnect supply power from the measuring circuit or

the power consumer (1), and discharge any capacitors.

Ð In accordance with the current or frequency to be measured,

turn the rotary switch to A~ or Hz.

Ð Select the desired measured quantity by briefly pressing the

OUT | ENTER multifunction key. Each time the key is pressed, AC

TRMS

and Hz are alternately selected, and switching is

acknowledged with an acoustic signal.

Ð Safely connect the measuring instrument (without contact

resistance) in series to the power consumer as shown.

Ð Switch supply power to the measuring circuit back on (3).

Ð Read the display. Make a note of the measured value if the

instrument is not being operated in the memory mode or the transmission mode.

Ð Disconnect supply power from the measuring circuit or the

power consumer (1) once again, and discharge any capacitors.

Ð Remove the test probes from the measuring point and return

the measuring circuit to its normal condition.

mA~

003.50

TRMS

050.10

8.8.8.8.8

Current measurement only with batteries installed!

Current

300 μA / 3 mA 30 mA / 300 mA

Measuring ranges:

ZERO/SEL

ESC

I > 310 mA

MR 300 mA

–+ +

...

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 41

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.8.3 Direct Current Measurement with Current Clamp Sensor, mA DC

Voltage/Current Transformer Output

When a current clamp sensor is connected to the multimeter ( V input / mA input), all current displays appear with the correct value in accordance with the selected transformation ratio. The only prerequisite is that the current sensor is equipped with at least one of the below listed transformation ratios, and that the ratio has been previously selected in the following menu (Cl ip ≠ 0FF) (see also section 7.4).

Current Clamp Setup Menu

1nFo

 ...  SET rAtE  ...  CLIP

1 / 10/100/1000 / 0ff



The maximum allowable operating voltage is equal to the nominal voltage of the current transformer.

When reading the measured value, additional error resulting from the current clamp sensor must also be taken into consideration.

(default setting: OFF)

Tra ns fo rme r Ratios

DMM Measuring Ranges Clamp Types

300 mV 3 V 30 V

1:1

1mV/1mA

300,00 mA 3,0000 A 30,000 A WZ12C

1:10

1mV/10mA

3,0000 A 30,000 A 300,00 A WZ12B, Z201A

1:100

1mV/100mA

30,000 A 300,00 A 3000,0 A Z202A

1:1000

1 mV/1 A

300,00 A 3000,0 A (3000,0 A)

Z202A, Z203A, WZ12C

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

–+ +

Current

003.50

1:1000

Ri = 1 MΩ/9 MΩ

42 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.8.4 AC Measurement with Current Clamp Sensor, A AC and Hz

Voltage/Current Transformer Output

When a current clamp sensor is connected to the multimeter ( V input / mA input) all current displays appear with the correct value in accordance with the selected transformation ratio. The only prerequisite is that the current sensor is equipped with at least one of the below listed transformation ratios, and that the ratio has been previously selected in the following menu (Cl ip ≠ 0FF) (see also section 7.4).

Current Clamp Setup Menu

1nFo

 ...  SET rAtE  ...  CLIP

1 / 10/100/1000 / 0ff



The maximum allowable operating voltage is equal to the nominal voltage of the current transformer.

When reading the measured value, additional error resulting from the current clamp sensor must also be taken into consideration.

(default setting: OFF)

Tra ns fo rma tion Ratios

CL IP

DMM Measuring Ranges Clamp Types

300 mV 3 V 30 V

1:1

1mV/1mA

300,00 mA 3,0000 A 30,000 A WZ12C

1:10

1mV/10mA

3,0000 A 30,000 A 300,00 A WZ12B, Z201A

1:100

1mV/100mA

30,000 A 300,00 A 3000,0 A Z202A

1:1000

1 mV/1 A

300,00 A 3000,0 A (30000,0 A)

Z202A, Z203A, WZ12C

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

003.50

050.10

–+ +

Current

Ri = 1 MΩ/9 MΩ

mA~

ZERO/SEL

ESC

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 43

V/Hz, Ω, Temperature, and A/Hz Measurements

5.8.5 Direct and Alternating Current Measurement with Current Clamp Transformer, mA DC, mA AC and Hz

Current/Current Transformer Output

When a current clamp transformer is connected to the multimeter ( mA input), all current displays appear with the correct value in accordance with the selected transformation ratio. The only prerequisite is that the current transformer is equipped with at least one of the below listed transformation ratios, and that the ratio has been previously selected in the following menu (Cl ip ≠ 0FF) (see also section 7.4).

Current Clamp Setup Menu

1nFo

 ...  SET rAtE  ...  CLIP

1 / 10/100/1000 / 0ff



(default setting: OFF)

CL IP

Tra ns fo rme r Ratios

DMM Measuring Ranges Clamp Types

300 mV 3 V 30 V

1:1

1mA/1mA

300,00 mA 3,0000 A 30,000 A

1:10

1mA/10mA

3,0000 A 30,000 A 300,00 A

1:100

1mA/100mA

30,000 A 300,00 A 3000,0 A

1:1000

1 mA/1 A

300,00 A 3000,0 A (30000,0 A)

WZ12A, WZ12D, WZ11A, Z3511, Z3512, Z3514

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

003.50

–+ +

Current

Ri ≤ 1 Ω

mA~

003.50

050.10

ZERO/SEL

ESC

44 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

6 Calibration Functions

6.1 Switching from the Measuring Function to the Calibration Function

If any measuring function is active, press and hold the MEASURE / CAL | SETUP key in order to switch the calibration function.

The standby function is automatically activated during switchover.

0030.6

0000.1

V/Hz

MEAS/CAL

SETUP

CALIBRATORMULTIMETER

0.000 calibV

Long

–+ +

V; Hz, Ω; °C;

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 45

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

6.2 Voltage Source [V]

Voltages within the following ranges can be simulated: 0 … ±60 mV, 0 … ±300 mV, 0 … 3 V, 0 … 10 V and 0 … 15 V. Resistance of the connected circuit should not be any less than 1kΩ.

Ð Select the V calibration function with the rotary switch. Ð Switch the calibrator on by pressing the ON / OFF | LIGHT key.

The last selected voltage range is displayed. Ð Connect the device to be calibrated with the measurement

cable as shown.

Ð Setting the voltage value:

ON indicates: Voltage is applied directly to the output!

Select the digit to be changed with the  keys, and change the respectively selected digit with the  keys.

Ð Connect the device to be calibrated with the measurement

cable as shown.

Ð The output can be activated with the OUT | ENTER key, or

deactivated [

Stdby] once again.

Selecting a Voltage Range for the Fixed Value Function Ð Press the ZERO / SEL | ESC key in order to switch to the

[

select range] menu.

Ð Select the desired voltage range with the  keys.

Acknowledge your selection with OUT | ENTER. The display is switched to the voltage value entry window, but the selected voltage range still appears in the auxiliary display.

Selecting the Voltage Range for the Interval or Ramp Function

Ð Press the ZERO / SEL | ESC key in order to switch to the

[

select range] menu. Select the desired voltage range with

the  keys.

Ð Switch to the interval or ramp function menu with the 

keys (see section 6.7). Start the respective function with

OUT | ENTER.

Abbreviated Instructions

Select calibration function.

Select voltage range and acknowledge for fixed value function.

select range 15 V  …  60 mV

Change the fixed value.

000.00 V  

(Negative values within a range of ±60 mV or ±300 mV can be selected by scrolling with the

 key to below the zero point.)

Activate output:

–+ +

–

Input

Device to be Calibrated e.g. Measuring Transducer

≥1kΩ

ON/OFF

LIGHT

ZERO/SEL

ESC

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

46 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

6.3 Pulse, Frequency Generator (positive square-wave pulse) [Hz]

Voltage and frequency can be set independent of each other for frequency generators. The output signal is a square wave. Resistance of the connected circuit should not be any less than 1 kΩ.

Ð Select the /HZ calibration function with the rotary switch. Ð Switch the calibrator on by pressing the ON / OFF | LIGHT key. Ð Connect the device to be calibrated with the measurement

cable in the same way as specified for the voltage simulator.

Ð Set the voltage range (300 mV, 3 V, 10 V or 15 V):

Switch to the voltage range menu by pressing the ZERO / SEL | ESC key twice [

select range]. Select the desired

voltage range with the  keys. Acknowledge your selection with OUT | ENTER. The display is switched to the voltage amplitude entry window.

Ð Set voltage amplitude (0 … 15 V):

Select the digit to be changed with the   keys, and change the respectively selected digit with the  keys. Acknowledge your selection with OUT | ENTER. The display is switched to the frequency entry window, but the selected voltage amplitude still appears in the auxiliary display.

Ð Set frequency (1 … 2000 Hz):

ON indicates: Voltage is applied directly to the output using the selected frequency!

Select the digit to be changed with the   keys, and change the respectively selected digit with the  keys.

Ð The output can be activated with the OUT | ENTER key, or

deactivated [

Stdby] once again.

Note

The following error messages are possible: “HiCurr” (high current – current at overload limit) where I

max

.=18mA,

“0ut0l” and 3 acoustic signals (out of limit – limit value exceeded) where I > 27 mA; the simulator is switched off.

Attention!

No external voltage may be applied to the calibrator jacks in this operating mode. The calibrator is protected against brief application of large external voltages with a replaceable fuse in the event of operator error (see section 10.3).

Abbreviated Instructions

Select calibration function.

Set the voltage range (starting from frequency display).

select range 15 V  …  60 mV

Set voltage amplitude (starting from frequency display).

000.00 V  

Set frequency.

0000.0 Hz  

Activate output:

ON/OFF

LIGHT

ZERO/SEL

ESC

ZERO/SEL

ESC

OUT

ENTER

ZERO/SEL

ESC

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 47

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

6.4 Resistance Simulation [Ω]

The resistance simulator is capable of simulating resistors using 2-wire connection for the following range: 5 … 2000 Ω.

Ð Select the Ω calibration function with the rotary switch. Ð Switch the calibrator on by pressing the ON / OFF | LIGHT key. Ð Connect the device to be calibrated with the measurement

cable as shown.

Ð Set the resistance simulation value:

ON indicates: The output is active!

Select the digit to be changed with the   keys, and change the respectively selected digit with the  keys.

Ð The output can be activated with the OUT | ENTER key, or

deactivated [

Stdby] once again.

Switching Between the Fixed Value, Interval and Ramp Functions

Ð Press the ZERO / SEL | ESC key in order to switch to the

[

select range] menu.

Ð Switch to the interval or ramp function menu with the 

keys. Start the respective function with OUT | ENTER.

Abbreviated Instructions

Select the calibration function.

Change the fixed value.

0000.0 Ω  

Activate output:

Note

The following error messages are possible: “HiCurr” (high current – current value to high) where I > 4.5 mA and “LoCurr” (low current – current too low or reversed polarity) where I < 40 μA (corresponds to unconnected sockets).

No external voltage may be applied to the calibrator jacks in this operating mode. The calibrator is protected against brief application of a large external voltages with a replaceable fuse in the event of operator error (see section 10.3).

Response time of the calibrator output to the specified resistance value after measuring current is applied is max. 30 ms. Devices under test with non-continuous measuring current (e.g. scanned measuring inputs) result in erroneous measured values, if measurement is started before response time has elapsed. The calibrator cannot be used for devices of this type.

–+ +

2-Wire Resistance Calibrator

Device to be Calibrated

–

Input

Measuring Current: 50 μA ... 5 mA

ON/OFF

LIGHT

OUT

ENTER

48 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

6.5 Temperature Simulation [°C / °F]

The temperature simulator is capable of simulating resistance temperature detectors (RTD) or thermocouples (TC) with

specification of the external reference junction temperature. Ð Select the Temp RTD or Temp TC calibration function with the

rotary switch. Ð Switch the calibrator on by pressing the ON / OFF | LIGHT key. The last selected temperature sensor is displayed. Ð Connect the device to be calibrated with the measurement

cables. Ð Set the temperature value:

Simulated resistance or simulated voltage is applied directly to the

output!

Select the digit to be changed with the   keys, and change

the respectively selected digit with the  keys. As an

alternative, press and hold the  keys with the cursor at

any entry position until the higher value digits are scrolled

through as well. Ð The output can be activated with the OUT | ENTER key, or

deactivated [

Stdby] once again.

Selecting Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) or Thermocouple (TC) for Fixed Value, Interval or Ramp Function

Ð Switch to the fixed value, interval or ramp function menu by

pressing the ZERO / SEL | ESC key. Ð Select the [

select sensor] menu with the  keys.

Ð Select the desired sensor with the  keys. Acknowledge

your selection with OUT | ENTER. The display is switched to the

window for temperature value entry, but the selected

sensor still appears in the auxiliary display.

The reference temperature is indicated in the auxiliary display.

Parameter Entries for Thermocouple Temperature Simulation

Select unit of measure °C or °F – SEt menu.

info  set

time  ... temp intern

unit set °F  °C

Select internal reference temperature – SEt menu.

info  set time  ... temp extern

unit set temp set extern  intern

temp intern 23.7 °C

Select and set external reference temperature – SEt menu.

info  set

time  ... temp intern

unit set temp set intern  extern

extern set 21.0 °C  

temp extern 22.4 °C

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 49

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

6.5.1 Temperature Simulation for Resistance Thermometers – RTD Temperature Setting

Resistance temperature detectors (types Pt100, Pt1000, Ni100 and Ni1000) are simulated by means of resistance values.

Abbreviated Instructions

Select calibration function.

Select sensor value and acknowledge for fixed value function.

select sensor Pt100  ... ni1000

Set temperature simulator value.

120.0 °C  

Activate output:

6.5.2 Temperature Simulation for Thermocouples – TC Temperature Setting

Thermocouples (types B, E, J, K, L, N, R, S, T and U) are simulated with voltage. Internal or external temperature compensation is possible.

Abbreviated Instructions

Select calibration function.

Select sensor value and acknowledge for fixed value function.

select sensor b  ... u

Set temperature simulator value.

120.0 °C  

Select internal or external reference temperature, set external reference temperature (see page 48).

RTD

ON/ OFF

LIGHT

ZERO/SEL

ESC

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

ON/ OFF

LIGHT

ZERO/SEL

ESC

OUT

ENTER

50 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

Function Description and Applications

10 different types of thermocouples can be selected, and can be simulated within the temperature ranges specified by IEC/DIN. Selection can be made between an internally measured reference junction temperature, or numeric entry of an external reference junction temperature within a range of -30 to +60° C.

Important Notes Regarding Reference Temperature

Internal reference temperature is continuously measured with an integrated temperature sensor. The reference temperature is generally measured at the thermocouple connector jack for devices to be calibrated with a thermocouple measuring input. The two measurements may yield different results, and differences are registered as errors during thermocouple simulation. The following methods help to reduce this error:

a) The device to be calibrated is connected to the jacks at the

calibrator with equalizing leads for the thermocouple to be simulated.

b) The temperature of the thermocouple connector jack at the

device to be calibrated is measured with a precision temperature measuring instrument, and the resulting value is entered to the calibrator as a reference temperature. The calibrator and the device to be calibrated are connected with copper wire.

Otherwise, the external reference temperature is entered in all cases where temperature measurement at the device to be calibrated is accomplished by means of a thermostatic reference junction (end of the thermocouple equalizing lead).

–+ +

Device to be

Terminal Block

Equalizing Leads

Device to be

Copper Wire

Temperature measurement, e.g. using multimeter with temperature sensor

Example for a) Internal Ref. Junction

Example for b) External Ref. Junction

calibrated

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 51

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

6.6 Current Source and Current Sink [mA]

Ð Select the mA current sink ( ) or mA current source ( )

calibration function with the rotary switch.

Ð Switch the calibrator on by pressing the ON / OFF | LIGHT key. The last selected current range is displayed.

Ð Connect the device to be calibrated with the measurement

cables (see example in section 6.6.1).

Ð Set the current simulation value:

SINK ON indicates that the current sink is active! SOURCE ON indicates that the current source is active!

Select the digit to be changed with the   keys, and change the respectively selected digit with the  keys.

Ð The current sink / current source can be deactivated by

pressing the OUT | ENTER key [SINK/SOURCE

Stdby], or activated

once again.

Selecting a Current Range for the Fixed Value Function

Ð Press the ZERO / SEL | ESC key in order to switch to the

[select range] menu.

Ð Select the desired current range with the keys (0 …

20 mA, 4 … 20 mA or 0 … 24 mA). Acknowledge your selection with OUT | ENTER. The display is switched to the current value entry window, but the selected current range still appears in the auxiliary display.

Selecting the Current Range for the Interval or Ramp Function

Ð Press the ZERO / SEL | ESC key in order to switch to the

[

select range] menu. Select the desired current range with the

 keys.

Ð Switch to the interval or ramp function menu with the 

keys. Start the respective function with OUT | ENTER.

Abbreviated Instructions

Select the calibration function.

Select current range and acknowledge for fixed value function.

select range 0 … 20  0 … 24  4 … 20

Change the fixed value.

15.00 mA  

Activate output:

% read-out (relationship of setting value to simulator’s upper range limit)

The display is switched from mA to % by pressing and holding the

OUT | ENTER key.

ON/ OFF

LIGHT

ZERO/SEL

ESC

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

52 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

6.6.1 Current Sink – Simulation of a 2-Wire Transmitter

A current sink (0 … 24 mA) or current loop load can be simulated with this function. The calibrator regulates the current, which flows via the calibrator jacks from an external power supply, independent of direct voltage applied to the jacks (4 … 27 V). The calibrator varies internal resistance such that the selected current value is maintained.

Note

The last selected simulation range is saved to memory. Voltage at the calibrator jacks may not exceed 27 V in the current sink operating mode, because thermal overload would otherwise occur and the fuse would blow. LoVolt appears at the display if voltage is too low.

Example of a 2-Wire Transmitter Measuring Circuit

6.6.2 Current Source

Internal supply power is used to simulate a current source.

Note

The current source’s internal control loop is monitored: If voltage drop at the external load (burden) is greater than 20 V, or if the electrical circuit is interrupted, “Hi burd” appears at the display.

–+ +

Periphery Devices

24 V

4 ... 20 mA = 0 ... 100° C

–

Power Supply

–+ +

Periphery Devices

–

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 53

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

6.7 Interval Functions, Ramp Functions

Two types of setpoint sequences can be generated in order to simulate sensor conditions at the inputs of transducers, transmitters and buffer amplifiers:

• Interval sequences (see section 6.7.1) automatic (periodic) or manually controlled sequences

• Ramp sequences (see section 6.7.2)

endless loops (periodic) or one-time only sequences

The above mentioned sequences can be conveniently generated at a PC with the help of METRAwin



90-2 software as an

accessory.

6.7.1 Interval Sequences – INT Function

Output ranges are divided into rising or falling interval steps with this function, and the number of interval steps, as well as their duration, can be specified. This function is above all suitable for calibrating analog displays and recorders during one-man operation.

Input parameters for interval sequences:

• All simulation functions except for Hz can be adjusted as

output quantities.

•A lower (

Start) and an upper (End) range limit can be selected

for each output quantity from within the overall range.

• The number of steps can be set within a range of 1 … 99.9.

The number of steps can be entered as a whole number as well, which is especially practical for analog indicators and recorders with non-standardized scale divisions.

• The interval duration per step (t1) can be selected from within

a range of 1 second to 60 minutes.

• Step jumps can be executed manually (

1nt mode = manual) with

the  and  keys, or automatically (

1nt mode = Auto) with

selectable time per step.

Examples of Automatic Interval Sequences

Examples of Manual Interval Sequences

Auto

Final Value

Initial Value

Final Value

manual

54 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

Setting the Interval Parameters

seleCt range 300 mV … 15 V   1nt

Initial value:

1nt start 02.000 V  

Final value:

1nt end 10.000 V  

Steps: 1nt steps 03.0  

Dwell time:

1nt t1 00.05 min.s  

Repetition:

1nt mode auto  manual

(Auto = automatic sequence, MAnuAL = manual sequence)

Manually Controlled Interval Sequence

After entering all parameters for the “manual interval sequence” output function (

1nt mode = manual) and starting the function with

the

key, the individual steps are triggered with the  and  keys. The relationship between the output signal and each of the key operations is depicted with the help of the following example.

Example of a Manually Controlled Interval Sequence

Key

1 When 1nt

ready appears at the display

Start the sequence by pressing

2 The sequence is continued in the corresponding direction by

pressing the  or  key.

3 Stop the interval sequence by pressing the key.

ZERO/SEL

ESC

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

t[s]

Source

Manual Stop

[mA]

âô

ESC

The time intervals depend on the operator (they’re only identical in the automatic mode).

  

OUT

ENTER

ZERO/SEL

ESC

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 55

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

Automatic Interval Sequence

Automatic execution of a programmed sequence range is above all advisable if feed to the signal circuit and scanning of the peripheral device under test are physically separated. After entering all parameters for the “automatic interval sequence” output function (see above) (I

nt, mode = auto), the sequence can

be started and stopped whenever desired, as well as resumed.

Example of an Automatic Interval Sequence

Interval parameters: output quantity: U (range of 0 … 15 V),

start =2V, end = 10 V, number of interval steps = 3, t1 =5s, mode = auto

Key

1 When 1nt

ready appears at the display:

Start the sequence by pressing

2 The sequence is stopped by pressing the  or the  key.

Interval time elapsed thus far is saved as tx.

3 The sequence is resumed by pressing the  key, and

remaining sequence duration t

=t1–tx.

4 Stop the interval sequence by pressing the key.

4.6

7.3

t[s]

[V]

run up stop

âûê

5101520250

run dn hold run up run dn

HOLD CONT

LCD :







ESC/

OUT

ENTER

ZERO/SEL

ESC

56 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

6.7.2 Read-Out a Periodic Ramp – RAMP Function

Ramp-type signals can be used to test the dynamic performance of devices to be calibrated, or entire measuring circuits. An example would be performance of a control loop with a setpoint specified via the analog setpoint input at the controller. The instrument can be used to replace costly hardware and software for the set-up of long-term test bays with cyclical time sequences. Parameters for the ramps are depicted below:

• The following functions can be adjusted as output quantities: voltage U, current sink I Sink, current source I Source, resistance R or temperature temp (TC or RTD).

•A lower (

Start) and an upper (End) range limit can be selected

for each output quantity from within the overall range.

• Rise time t1 and fall time t3 are adjustable from 0 seconds … 60 minutes.

• Dwell time t2 at the upper and lower range limits is adjustable from 0 seconds … 60 minutes.

• There are 2 ramp sequences: – One-time only (

onCE): t1, t2, t3

– Repetition (

repeat): t1, t2, t3, t2, t1, t2, t3, …

Examples of Ramp Sequences

3,0,0 (t1, t2, t3)

1,0,4

0,2,0

0,1,2

0,0,3 (t1, t2, t3)

2,0,2

2,1,0

2,1,2

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 57

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

Setting Ramp Parameters

seleCt range 300 mV … 15 V   ramp

Initial value: ramp start 02.000 V  

Final value:

ramp end 10.000 V  

Rise time:

ramp t1 00.05 min.s  

Dwell time: ramp t2 00.08 min.s  

Fall time:

ramp t3 00.05 min.s  

Repetition:

ramp mode repeat  onCe

(rEPEAT = endless loop, onCE = one-time only)

Example of a Periodic Ramp Sequence

Manually Controlled Ramp Sequence

After entering all parameters, start with . Rising or falling ramps can be triggered with the  or  key.

The relationship between the output signal and each of the key operations is depicted with the help of the following example.

ZERO/SEL

ESC

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

Start

End

Output

OUT

ENTER

58 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

Example of a Periodic Ramp Sequence Controlled by Manual Intervention

Ramp parameters: output quantity: U (range of 0 … 15 V),

start =2V, end =10V, t1 =5s, t2 =8s, t3 =5s, repeat

for periodic ramp

Key

1 When ramp

ready appears at the display:

Start the sequence by pressing

2 Stop the falling ramp within fall time t3 with the  or the 

key.

3 Start a rising ramp within remaining fall time t3 with the  key. 4 Stop the ramp sequence by pressing the  or the  key. 5 Start a falling ramp with the  key, remaining dwell time t2 is

cleared.

6 Stop the ramp sequence by pressing .

6.7.3 Dual Mode (simultaneous simulation and measurement)

All simulation functions can be activated and, at the same time, transmitter signal U or I can be measured in the most commonly used measuring ranges (30 V DC or 30 mA DC) in the dual operating mode.

Special case: simulation and measurement of voltage or current without an external circuit. For example, if voltage output needs to be tested, you only need to connect the Calibrator+ and Sense+ sockets to each other, because the Calibrator– and Sense– jacks are connected internally.

Activating the Dual Mode

Ð Select a simulator function with the rotary switch. The calibra-

tion operating mode must be activated (see section 6.1).

Ð Press and hold the ZERO / SEL | ESC key for approximately 2

seconds, and select the U

or Idc measuring function with the

  keys.

Ð Press the OUT | ENTER key in order to acknowledge your

selection.

Ð Depending upon the calibration function, select either the

simulator range or the sensor with the ZERO / SEL | ESC key.

Ð Set the simulation value in the main display with the

  keys.

Ð Activate the output by pressing the OUT | ENTER key.

The respective measured values appear in the left-hand auxiliary display, and DUAL appears to the right of the measured values.

Ð Exit the “dual mode” function by turning the rotary switch, or

by pressing and holding the ZERO / SEL | ESC key for approximately 2 seconds, selecting OFF in the menu with the

  keys and acknowledging with OUT | ENTER.

10 V

t1 t2 t3

LCD :

t3 t2

âêôûáé

t1 up t2 run t3 dn t3 hld t3 up t3 run t3 hld t1 dn

[V]



HOLD CONT









ESC

OUT

ENTER

ZERO/SEL

ESC

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 59

Calibration Functions: V – Hz – Ω – Temp – mA – mA

0FF

Acknowledge

ZERO/SEL

ESC

SET

DUAL

Long

1dc 30Vdc 30

0ff

mAV

02.000

00.340

DUAL

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

Acknowledge

Te mp

Deactivate Dual Mode

0FF

ZERO/ SEL

ESC

SET

DUAL

Long

V mA

Select Range

select range / select sensor

Change Value

000.00  

ZERO/SEL

ESC

OUT

ENTER

–+ +

60 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Device and Measuring Parameters

7 Device and Measuring Parameters

The instrument’s “SET” mode (menu mode) makes it possible to set operating and measuring parameters, query information and activate the interface.

Ð The menu mode is accessed by pressing the

MEAS / CAL | SETUP key, assuming that the instrument is switched on and set to “Measure” (measuring mode). “1nFo” appears at the display.

Ð The main menus, i.e. the “SETUP”, “ tEMP” “SEnd” and “StorE”

menus, are accessed, and the display is once again returned to “InFo”, by activating the

  keys (in any direction).

Ð After selecting the desired main menu, sub-menus are

accessed by pressing the OUT | ENTER key.

Ð The desired parameter is selected by repeatedly pressing the

 key.

Ð In order to check or change a parameter, acknowledge it with

the OUT | ENTER key.

Ð The

  keys can be used to position the cursor at the entry

position. The desired value is selected with the help of the  keys.

Ð Changes can only be accepted with the OUT | ENTER key.

Ð You can return to the sub-menu without making any changes

by pressing the ZERO / SEL | ESC key, and to the main menu by pressing the ZERO / SEL | ESC key once again etc.

Ð You can switch to the measuring mode from any menu level by

pressing the OUT | ENTER key.

After repeatedly pressing the MEAS / CAL | SETUP key (without first turning the multimeter off), you can return to the last selected menu or parameter from the measuring mode.

Example: Setting Time

1nFo  ...  set rAte  ...  t iME

10:24 (hh:mm)

 

Setting hours and minutes:

 

Advance to desired entry position.

 Change the setting, the entry position blinks.

Press and hold the key

to change the setting rapidly.

The new time setting is activated after acknowledgment.

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 61

Device and Measuring Parameters

7.1 Paths to the Various Parameters 7.2 List of All Parameters

bAtt: 0CCvP: dAtE:/

t iME: caldat

1tEMP:

1nFo

SEnd SET StorE

StArt

StoP

000.0

CLEAr StArt/

StoP

Sub-Menus/Parameters ↓

tempext

tempunit

beep

rAtE

APoFF

bEEP

irStb

Addr

dAtE

tiME

Main Menus →

Query Set Set Set

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

1nfo

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

020.00

TRMS

Acknowledge

OUT

ENTER

Acknowledge

OUT

ENTER

Acknowledge

OUT

ENTER

Parameter

Page: Header

0.diSP

62: 0.diSP – show/hide leading zeros

Addr

67: Configuring Interface Parameters

APoFF

63: APoFF – specified time for automatic shutdown and continuous ON

bAtt

62: bAtt – query battery voltage

bEEP

63: bEEP – set limit value for continuity testing

caldat

62: cALdAt – query calibration date

CLEAr

23: Measurement Data Recording

CLAMP

41: Direct Current Measurement with Current Clamp Sensor, mA DC 42: AC Measurement with Current Clamp Sensor, A AC and Hz 43: Direct and Alternating Current Measurement with Current Clamp Transformer, mA DC, mA AC and Hz

dAtE

62: query date and time 64: dAtE – enter date

EMpty

23: Measurement Data Recording

1nfo

62: Querying Parameters – InFo Menu (as moving letters)

irStb

67: Configuring Interface Parameters

1tEMP

62: ItEMP – query reference temperature

0CCvP

23: Measurement Data Recording

rAtE

62: rAtE – set the sampling rate

SEnd

66: Activating the Interface

SET

62: Entering Parameters – SETUP Menu

StArt

23: Measurement Data Recording

StoP store tEMP

34: Temperature Measurement

t iME

62: querying date and time, 64: tiME – set time

62 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Device and Measuring Parameters

7.3 Querying Parameters – InFo Menu (as moving letters)

bAtt – query battery voltage

1nFo bAtt: 3.1 V.

OCCUP – query memory occupancy

1nFo

bAtt: 

... 

0CCvP: 000.0

querying date and time

1nFo bAtt:



...  31.12.

2009 (DD.MM.YYYY)

t iME:

13:46:56 (hh:mm:ss)

D = day, M = month, Y = year, h = hour, m = minute, s = second

Date and time must be reentered after replacing the batteries.

cALdAt – query calibration date

1nFo bAtt:

 caldat: 06.07.09 ver2.00

ItEMP – query reference temperature

The temperature of the internal reference junction is measured with a temperature sensor in close proximity to the input sockets.

1nFo bAtt:  ... 

1tEMP: 24

°C

7.4 Entering Parameters – SETUP Menu

rAtE – set the sampling rate

The sampling rate specifies the time interval after which the respective measured value is transmitted to the interface, or to measured value memory.

Any one of the following sampling rates can be selected: [mm:ss.t] 00:00.1, 00:00.2, 00:00.5, 00:01.0, 00:02.0, 00:05.0 [h:mm:ss.z] (h=hours, m=minutes, s=seconds

, z=tenths of a sec.

)

0:00:10, 0:00:20, 0:00:30, 0:00:40, 0:00:50, 0:01:00, 0:02:00, 0:05:00, 0:10:00, 0:20:00, 0:30:00, 0:40:00, 0:50:00, 1:00:00, 2:00:00, 3:00:00, 4:00:00, 5:00:00, 6:00:00, 7:00:00, 8:00:00, 9:00:00

Setting the Sampling Rate

1nFo



... 

SET time  ...  rAtE

00:00.1 ... 00:00.5 ... 9:00:00 

(00:00.5 = 0.5 s = default value)

0.diSP – show/hide leading zeros

This parameter determines whether or not leading zeros will appear in the measured value display.

1nFo



... 

SET time  ...  0.diSP

0000.0 : with leading zeros (default value)

0.0 : leading zeros suppressed



MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 63

Device and Measuring Parameters

APoFF – specified time for automatic shutdown and continuous ON DMM

The instrument is switched off automatically if the measured value remains unchanged for a long period of time, and if none of the keys or the rotary switch have been activated before the specified time “APoFF” (entered in minutes) has elapsed.

Calibrator

The instrument switches the output off automatically if none of the keys or the rotary switch have been activated during the time specified in minutes in “APoFF”. The display is also switched off after one additional minute.

Setting APoFF

If the on setting is selected, the multimeter is set to continuous operation and

ON appears in the display to the right of the battery

symbol. In this case, the multimeter can only be switched off manually. The “on” setting can only be canceled by changing the respective parameter, and not by switching the instrument off.

1nFo

 ...  SET time  ...  APoFF

10 ... 59 min on



(10 minutes = default setting)

bEEP – set limit value for continuity testing

1nFo

 ...  SET time  ...  bEEP

1, 10, 20, 30, 40 ... 300 Ω 

(10 Ω = default setting)

irStb – status of infrared receiver in the stand-by mode

See section 8.2 on page 67 regarding settings.

Addr – set device address

See section 8.2 on page 67.

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

64 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Device and Measuring Parameters

tiME – set time

Entering the correct time makes it possible to acquire measured values in real-time.

1nFo

 ...  SET time  ...  t iME

10:24:30 (hh:mm:ss)

 

Date and time must be reentered after replacing the batteries.

dAtE – enter date

Entering the current date makes it possible to acquire measured values in real-time.

1nFo  ...  SET time  ...  dAtE

31.12 (DD: day . MM: month)  

2005 (YYYY: year)

 

Date and time must be reentered after replacing the batteries.

7.5 Default Settings

Previously entered changes can be undone, and the default settings can be reactivated. This may be advisable under the following circumstances:

• After the occurrence of software or hardware errors

• If you are under the impression that the multimeter does not work correctly

Ð Disconnect the device from the measuring circuit.

Ð Remove the batteries temporarily (see also section 10.2).

Ð Simultaneously press and hold the and

keys, and connect the battery at the same time.

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

ZERO / SEL

ESC

ON / OFF

LIGHT

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 65

Device and Measuring Parameters

66 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Interface Operation

8 Interface Operation

The METRACAL MC is equipped with an infrared interface for communication with the PC. Commands are optically transferred through the instrument housing by means of infrared light to an interface adapter (accessory: USB X-TRA), which is plugged onto the METRACAL MC. The adapter’s USB interface allows connection to the PC via an interface cable.

Commands and parameters can be transmitted from the PC to the

METRACAL MC. The following functions can be executed:

DMM

• Configuration and read-out of measuring parameters

• Measuring function and measuring range selection

• Start measurement

• Read out stored measured values

Calibrator

• Configuration and read-out of calibration parameters

• Calibration function and measuring range selection

• Start calibration

• Programming of user-specific procedures (interval and ramp functions)

8.1 Activating the Interface

The interface is automatically activated for receiving operation (METRACAL MC receives data from the PC) as soon as the interface is addressed by the PC, assuming that the “irStb” parameter has been set to “on” (see section 8.2), or the instrument is already switched on (the first command wakes up the METRACAL MC, but does not yet execute any further commands).

The “continuous transmission” operating mode is selected manually as described below. In this operating mode, the instrument continuously transmits measurement data to the PC via the interface adapter, which can then be displayed with the help of a terminal program.

Starting Continuous Transmission Operation with Menu Functions

1nFo

 ...  SEnd StArt send

The symbol blinks at the display indicating interface operation.

Stopping Continuous Transmission Operation with Menu Functions

1nFo  ...  SEnd send

stop send

The symbol is cleared from the display.

Automatic Activation and Deactivation of Transmission Mode Operation

If the sampling rate is 10 seconds or longer, the display is switched off automatically between samples in order to prolong battery service life. The only exception is when the multimeter is set to continuous operation. As soon as an event occurs, the display is automatically switched back on.

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 67

Interface Operation

8.2 Configuring Interface Parameters

1rStb – Status of the Infrared Receiver in the Stand-by Mode

There are two possible switching statuses for the infrared interface when the multimeter is switched off:

ir on: IR appears at the display and the infrared interface is

active, i.e. signals such as making commands can be received, and power is consumed even though the multimeter is switched off.

ir oFF: IR does not appear at the display and the infrared

interface is switched off, signals cannot be received.

1nFo

 ...  SET time  ...  irStb

ir on / ir oFF 

(irstb = ir oFF = default setting)

Addr – Address

If several multimeters are connected to the PC via an interface adapter, a separate address can be assigned to each instrument. Address number 1 should be selected for the first instrument, 2 should be assigned to the second and so forth.

1nFo

 ...  SET time  ...  Addr

00 ... 01 ... 15



(15 = default setting)

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

MEAS/ CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

OUT

ENTER

68 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Technical Data

9 Technical Data

Calibrator Section

The selection of frequencies as of 29 Hz is only possible within a limited raster.

Simulator for Temperature Sensors (resolution: 0.1 K)

Without internal reference junction, relative to fixed external reference temperature

and thermovoltage of the thermocouple, internal reference junction: intrinsic error of 2 K, external reference junction: entry of –30 … 60 °C

Key

S = setting value

Calibration

Function

Simulation Range

Resolution 30,000 Digits (4¾ places)

Intrinsic Uncertainty

Overload

Direct Voltage Source Minimum Load

Resistance

±(% S + mV) I

max

0…±60 mV 1 μV

1kΩ

0.1 + 0.01

18 mA

0…±300 mV 0.01 mV 0.05 + 0.02 0 … 3 V 0.1 mV 0.05 + 0.2 0 …10 V 1 mV 0.05 + 2 0 …15 V 1 mV 0.05 + 2

Pulse / Frequency Generator

Duty cycle (pulse-no-pulse ratio): 50%, Amplitude: 10 mV… 15 V

Minimum Load Resistance

±(% S + Hz) I

max

Hz 1 Hz ...2 kHz 0,1 …1 Hz 1 kΩ 0.05 + 0.2 18 mA Current Source Max. load ±(% S + μA)

4 … 20 mA

1 μA 17 V 0.05 + 20 … 20 mA

0 … 24 mA

Current Sink ±(% S + μA) U

max

4 … 20 mA

1 μAVin = 4 ... 27 V 0.05 + 2 27 V0 … 20 mA

0 … 24 mA

Resistance Simulation

Sensor Current [mA]

±(% S + Ω)I

max

5…2000 Ω 0.1 Ω 0.05...0.1..4...5 0.05 + 0.2 5 mA

Sensor Type Simulation

Range in °C

Simulation Range in °F

Intrinsic Uncertainty

Overload

°C / °F

Resistance Thermometer per IEC 751 ±(% S + K) I

max

Pt100 –200 …+ 850 – 328…+1562 0.1 + 0.5

5 mA

Pt1000 –200 …+ 300 –328 …+572 0.1 + 0.2 Resistance Thermometer per DIN 43760 ±(% S + K) I

max

Ni100 – 60 …+ 180 –76 …+356 0.1 + 0.5

5 mA

Ni1000 – 60 …+180 –76 …+ 356 0.1 + 0.2

RTD sensor current, 0.05 ... 0.1 ... 4

... 5 mA

Thermocouples per DIN and IEC 584-1 ΔU in mV

max

K (NiCr/Ni) –250…+ 1372 –418…+2501

±(0.05%

|Setting|

0.02)

18 mA

J (Fe/CuNi) –210…+1200 –346…+2192

T (Cu/CuNi) –270…+400 –454…+ 752

B (Pt30Rh/Pt6Rh) +500...+1820 +932…+ 3308

E (NiCr/CuNi) –270…+1000 –454…+ 1832

R (Pt13Rh/Pt) –50…+ 1768 –58…+3214

N (CU/Cu10) –270…+1300 –454…+2372

S (Pt10Rh/Pt) –50…+ 1768 –58…+3214

J (Fe/CuNi) –200…+ 900 – 328…+ 1652

U (Cu/CuNi) –200…+600 –328…+ 1112

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 69

Technical Data

Multimeter Section

Display: 3¾ places for capacitance measurement; a different resolution and sampling rate can be selected in the rAtE menu for saving and transmitting measured values.

20 … 45 … 65 Hz … 1 kHz sine, for alternating voltage TRMSAC, see page 4 for influences

At 0 ° ... + 40 °C

Only manually adjustable

ZERO is displayed for active “zero balancing” function, maximum correction: 50% rdg.

Meas.

Function

Measuring Range

Resolution at Upper

Range Limit

Input Impedance

Intrinsic Uncertainty at Highest Resolution

under Reference Conditions

Overload Capacity

±(...% rdg. + ... d) ±(...% rdg. + ... d)

30000

(60000)

3100

DC AC

2) 10

Value Time

60mV

1 μV>20MΩ —0.1+10 —

300 V

DC AC

TRMS

sine

Cont.

300 mV 10 μV>20MΩ 9MΩ // < 50 pF 0.08 + 10 0.5 + 30 (> 500 d)

3V 100μV11MΩ 9MΩ // < 50 pF 0.05 + 10 0.2 + 30 (> 100 d)

30 V 1 mV 10 MΩ 9MΩ // < 50 pF 0.05 + 10 0.2 + 30 (> 100 d)

300 V 10 mV 10 MΩ 9MΩ // < 50 pF 0.05 + 10 0.2 + 30 (> 100 d)

Voltage drop at approx. range limit

DC AC

2) 10

300 μA 10 nA 150 mV 150 mV 0.1 + 15 0.8 + 30 (> 100 d)

0.36 A Cont.

3 mA 100 nA 150 mV 150 mV 0.05 + 15 0.5 + 30 (> 100 d)

30 mA 1 μA 150 mV 150 mV 0.05 + 15 0.5 + 30 (> 100 d)

300 mA 10 μA 150 mV 150 mV 0.05 + 15 0.5 + 30 (> 100 d)

Open-circuit voltage

Measuring current at

range limit

±(...% rdg. + ... d)

300 Ω 10 mΩ 0.6 V 2 50 μA0.1+5

300 V

DC AC

TRMS

sine

5 minutes

3kΩ 0.1 Ω 0.6 V 150 μA0.1+5

30 kΩ 1 Ω 0.6 V 30 μA0.1+5

300 kΩ 10 Ω 0.6 V 3 μA0.2+5

3MΩ 100 Ω 0.6 V 360 nA 0.5 + 5

30 MΩ 1 Ω 0.6 V 100 nA 2 + 10

300 Ω 0.1 Ω 3V 1mA 2+5

Max. 10 s

6 V 1 mV 7 V Approx. 1 mA 0.5 + 3

300 V Max. 10 s

Discharge resistance U

0 max

±(...% rdg. + ... d)

30 nF 10 pF 1 MΩ 3 V 1 + 10

5) 10)

300 V

DC AC

TRMS

sine

5 minutes

300 nF 100 pF 100 kΩ 3 V 1 + 6

5) 10)

3 μF1nF1kΩ 3 V 1 + 6

10)

30 μF10nF1kΩ 3 V 1 + 6

10)

300 μF100nF3kΩ 3V 5 + 6

10)

70 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Technical Data

Display: 3¾ places for capacitance measurement; a different resolution and sampling rate can be selected in the rAtE menu for saving and transmitting measured values.

At 0 ° ... + 40 °C

Lowest measurable frequency for sinusoidal measuring signals symmetrical to the zero point

Range 300 mV~: UE≥ 40% of upper range limit

3/30/300 V~: U

≥ 10% of upper range limit

For voltage > 100 V: power limiting: 6 · 10

V · Hz

Plus sensor deviation

Without integrated reference junction; with internal reference temperature plus error ±2K

10)

The limits only apply for battery operation

Key

d = digit MR = measuring range rdg. = reading (measured value)

Meas. Func-

tion

Measuring Range

Resolution at Upper

Range Limit

Input Impedance

Intrinsic Uncertainty at Highest Resolution

under Reference Conditions

Overload Capacity

Value Time

30,000

(60,000)

3100

min

±(...% rdg. + ... d)

300 Hz 0.01 Hz

1Hz

0.05 + 5

7) 10)

300 V

Continuous

3kHz 0.1Hz 300 V

30 kHz 1 Hz 200 V

300 kHz 10 Hz 10 Hz 20 V

Meas.

Func-

tion

Temperature

Sensor

Measuring Range

Resolution

Intrinsic Uncertainty at

Highest Resolution under

Reference Conditions

±(...% rdg. + ... d)

OL Capacity

Value Time

°C/°F

Pt100

–200.0 … – 100.0 °C

0.1 K

0.3 + 10

300

DC RMS sine

min

–100.0 … + 100.0 °C

+100.0 … + 850.0 °C

Pt1000

–200.0 … + 100.0 °C

+100.0 … + 850.0 °C

Ni 100

–60.0 … +180.0 °C

Ni 1000

–60.0 … +180.0 °C

K (NiCr-Ni)

–250.0… +1372.0 °C

0.2 + 10

J (Fe-CuNi)

–210.0… +1200.0 °C

T (Cu-CuNi)

–270.0… +400.0 °C

B (Pt30Rh/Pt6Rh)

+500.0… +1820.0 °C

E (NiCr/CuNi)

–270.0… +1000.0 °C

R (Pt13Rh/Pt)

–50.0… +1768.0 °C

N (CU/Cu10)

–270.0… +1300.0 °C

S (Pt10Rh/Pt)

–50.0… +1768.0 °C

J (Fe/CuNi)

–200.0… +900.0 °C

U (Cu/CuNi)

–200.0… +600.0 °C

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 71

Technical Data

Influencing Quantities and Influence Error

With zero balancing

Specified error valid as of display values of 10% of the measuring range

Influencing

Quantity

Sphere of

Influence

Measured Quantity /

Measuring range

Influence Error

(... % rdg. + d)/10 K

Te mp er at u re

0 … +21 °C

and

+25...+40 °C

VDC, °C (TC) 0.1 + 10

V AC 0.5 + 10

3/30 mA DC 0.1 + 10

3/30 mA AC 0.5 + 10

300 mA DC, AC 0.5 + 10

300Ω/3/30/300 kΩ 2L 0.2 + 10

3MΩ 2L 0.5 + 10

30 MΩ 2L 1 + 10

30/300 nF/3/30/300 μF 0.5 + 10

Hz 0.1 + 10

°C (RTD) 0.2 + 10

Simulator quantity

mV/V, °C (TC) 0.1 + 10

Ω, °C (RTD) 0.2 + 10

mA source 0.1 + 10

mA sink 0.1 + 10

Influencing

Quantity

Frequency

Measured Qty. /

Meas. Range

Influence Error

± (... % rdg. + d)

Frequency

> 20 Hz ... 45 Hz

300.00 mV

…

300.0 V

2 + 30

> 65 Hz ... 1 kHz

> 1 kHz ... 20 kHz 3 + 30

Influencing

Quantity

Frequency

Measured Qty. /

Meas. Range

Influence Error

±(... % rdg. +... d)

Frequency

> 20 Hz ... 45 Hz 300 μA

3mA

30 mA

300 mA

2 + 30

> 65 Hz ... 10 kHz 3 + 30

Influencing

Quantity

Sphere of

Influence

Measured Quantity /

Measuring Range

Influence Error

Measured

Quantity

Waveform

Crest

Factor

1 … 2

VAC, AAC

±1% rdg.

2 … 4

±5% rdg.

4 … 5

±7% rdg.

Influencing

Quantity

Sphere of

Influence

Measured Quantity/

Measuring Range

Influence Error

Relative

Humidity

75%

3 days

Instrument off

V, A, Ω

F, H z

°C

1 x intrinsic uncertainty

10000 3000020000

Voltage and Current Measurement

Allowable crest factor CF of the periodic quantity to be measured is dependent upon the displayed value:

Digits

72 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Technical Data

Real-Time Clock

Resolution 0.1 s Accuracy ±1 minute per month Temp. Influence 50 ppm/K

Reference Conditions

Ambient temperature + 23 °C ±2K Relative humidity 40 … 60% Meas. quantity

frequency 45 … 65 Hz Meas. quantity

waveform Sinusoidal, deviation between RMS and

rectified value < 0.1%

Battery Voltage 3.0 V ±0.1 V

Response Time (multimeter functions)

Response Time (after manual range selection)

Display

LCD panel (65 x 35 mm) with display of up to 3 measured values, unit of measure, type of current and various special functions.

Display / char. height 7-segment characters

Main display: 12 mm Auxiliary displays: 7 mm

Number of places 4¾-places, 309 99 steps Overflow display “OL” or “–OL” appears Polarity display “–” sign is displayed if plus pole is

connected to “^”

LCD test All display segments available during

operation of the METRACAL MC are activated after the instrument is switched on.

Influencing

Quantity

Sphere of Influence

Measuring

Range

Attenuation

±dB

Common mode

interference

voltage

Interference quantity max. 250 V V > 90 dB

Interference quantity max. 250 V

50 Hz, 60 Hz sine

300 mV ...

30 V

> 80 dB

300 V > 70 dB

Series-mode

interference

voltage

Interference quantity V ,

respective nominal value

of the measuring range,

max. 250 V , 50 Hz, 60 Hz, sine

V> 60dB

Interference quantity max. 250 V V > 60 dB

Measured Quantity /

Measuring Range

Digital Display

Response Time

Measured Quantity

Jump Function

VDC, VAC ADC, AAC

1.5 s

From 0 to 80%

of upper range limit value

300 Ω ... 3MΩ 2s

From ∞ to 50%

of upper range limit value

30 MΩ 5s

Continuity < 50 ms

1.5 s

°C Pt100 Max. 3 s

3 nF ... 30 μFMax. 2s

From 0 to 50%

of upper range limit value

>10Hz Max. 1.5s

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 73

Technical Data

Power Supply

Battery 2 ea. 1.5 V mignon cell (AA),

alkaline manganese per IEC LR6 or equivalent rechargeable battery

Service life With alkaline manganese (2600 mAh)

If voltage drops below 1.8 V, the instrument is switched off automatically.

Battery test Battery capacity display with battery

symbol in 4 segments: “ ”. Querying of momentary battery voltage via menu function.

Mains Power

With NA X-TRA power pack

Power saving circuit

The device is switched off automatically if the measured value remains unchanged for a long period of time, and if none of the controls are activated before a selected period of time in minutes elapses. In the case of the simulator, the output is switched off first, followed by the display one minute later, if no controls have been activated (AP oFF = ON). Shutdown can be disabled.

Fuses

Fuse links DMM (mA current measuring ranges):

FF0.63A/400V, 5 mm x 20 mm, breaking capacity: ≥ 1.5 kA at 380 V AC with ohmic load Calibrator: FF0.63A/400V, 5 mm x 20 mm, breaking capacity: ≥1.5 kA at 380 V AC with ohmic load

Multimeter Electrical Safety

Protection class II per

EN 61010-1:2010/VDE 0411-1:2011 Measuring category II Operating voltage 300 V Pollution degree 2 Test Voltage 2.2 kV~ per EN 61010-1:2010/

VDE 0411-1:2011

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Interference emission EN 61 326-1:2006 class B Interference Immunity EN 61326-1:2006

EN 61326-2-1:2006

Ambient Conditions

Accuracy range 0 °C … +40 °C Operating temp. range −10 °C … +50 °C Storage temp. range −25 °C … +70 °C (without batteries) Relative humidity 40% … 75%, no condensation allowed Elevation to 2000 m

Measuring Function Current Service life

V, Hz, mA, Ω

, F, °C 25 mA 70 h

Standby (MEM + clock) 350 μA Approx. 1 year

Calibration Function Service life

mV, thermocouple 80 mA 25 h

15 V 200 mA 10 h Ω, RTD 130 mA 15 h

Sink, 20 mA (25 V) 300 mA 5 h

Source, 20 mA max. load < 5V 200 mA 10 h

74 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Technical Data

Mechanical Design

Protection IP 65

Table Excerpt Regarding Significance of IP Codes

Dimensions 200 x 87 x 45 mm Weight Approx. 430 g with batteries

Data Interface

Type

Optical via infrared light through the housing Data transmission Serial, bidirectional (not IrDa compatible) Protocol Device specific Baud rate 38,400 baud Functions DMM: read data

Calibrator: set/query calibration functions

and parameters The USB X-TRA plug-in interface adapter (see accessories) is

used for adaptation to the PC’s USB port.

IP XY

digit X)

Protection against foreign

object entry

IP XY

(2nd digit Y)

Protection against the

penetration of water

6 dust-proof 5 jet-water

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Technical Data

76 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Maintenance – Calibration

10 Maintenance and Calibration

Attention!

Disconnect the instrument from the measuring circuit before opening the battery compartment lid or fuse cover in order to replace batteries or fuses!

10.1 Displays – Error Messages

10.2 Batteries

Note

Removing the Batteries During Periods of Non-Use

The integrated quartz movement draws power from the batteries even when the instrument is switched off. It is advisable to remove the batteries during long periods of non-use for this reason (e.g. vacation). This prevents excessive depletion of the batteries, which may result in damage under unfavorable conditions.

Note

Stored measurement data are lost when the batteries are replaced. In order to prevent data loss, it is advisable to backup your data to a PC with the help of METRAwin 10 software before replacing the batteries. The selected operating parameters remain in memory, although date and time must be reentered.

Charge level

The current battery charge level can be queried in the “1nfo” menu:

1nFo bAtt: 2.75 V.

Make sure that no battery leakage has occurred before initial start-up, as well as after long periods of storage. Continue to inspect the batteries for leakage at short, regular intervals.

If battery leakage has occurred, carefully and completely clean the electrolyte from the instrument with a damp cloth, and replace the battery before using the instrument.

If the “ ” symbol appears at the display, the batteries should be replaced as soon as possible. You can continue working with the instrument, but reduced measuring accuracy may result.

The instrument requires two 1.5 V batteries in accordance with IEC R 6 or IEC LR 6, or two equivalent rechargeable NiCd batteries.

Message Function Meaning

FUSE

Current Measurement Blown fuse

In all operating modes Battery voltage has fallen below 1.8 V

Measure Indicates overflow

MEAS / CAL

SETUP

OUT

ENTER

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Maintenance – Calibration

Replacing the Batteries

Attention!

Disconnect the instrument from the measuring circuit before opening the battery compartment lid in order to replace the batteries.

Ð Set the instrument face down onto the working surface.

Ð Turn the slotted screw on the lid with the battery symbols

counterclockwise.

Ð Lift off the lid and remove the batteries from the battery

compartment.

Ð Insert two new 1.5 V mignon batteries into the battery

compartment, making sure that the plus and minus poles match up with the provided polarity symbols.

Ð When replacing the battery compartment lid, insert the side

with the guide hooks first. Tighten the screw by turning it clockwise.

Ð Please dispose of depleted batteries in accordance with

environmental protection regulations!

10.3 Fuse

Testing the Fuse

The fuse is tested automatically:

• When the instrument is switched on with the rotary switch in the mA position

• When the instrument is already on and the rotary switch is turned to the mA position

• In the active current measuring range when voltage is applied

If the fuse is blown or has not been inserted, “FuSE” appears at the digital display. The fuse interrupts the current measuring ranges. All other measuring ranges remain functional.

Replacing the Fuse

If a fuse should blow, eliminate the cause of overload before placing the instrument back into service!

Attention!

Disconnect the instrument from the measuring circuit before opening the fuse cover in order to replace the fuse!

Ð Set the instrument face down onto the working surface.

Ð Turn the slotted screw on the cover with the fuse symbol

counterclockwise.

Ð Lift off the cover and pry the fuse out using the flat side of the

fuse cover.

Ð Insert a new fuse. Make sure that the fuse is centered, i.e.

between the tabs at the sides.

Ð When replacing the fuse cover, insert the side with the guide

hooks first. Tighten the screw by turning it clockwise.

Ð Dispose of the blown fuse with the trash.

Blown Fuse

fuse

78 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Maintenance – Calibration

Attention!

Use specified fuses only! If fuses with other blowing characteristics, other current ratings or other breaking capacities are used, the operator is placed in danger, and protective diodes, resistors and other components may be damaged. The use of repaired fuses or short-circuiting the fuse holder is prohibited.

Note

Testing the Fuse with the Instrument Switched On

After inserting the fuse with the instrument switched on, the instrument must be switched off briefly and then switched back on, or briefly switched to a non current measuring range and then back to the mA measuring range. If contact is poor or the fuse is blown, FUSE blinks at the display.

10.4 Housing Maintenance

No special maintenance is required for the housing. Keep outside surfaces clean. Use a slightly dampened cloth for cleaning. Avoid the use of cleansers, abrasives or solvents.

10.5 Return and Environmentally Sound Disposal

The instrument is a category 9 product (monitoring and control instrument) in accordance with ElektroG (German Electrical and Electronic Device Law). This device is subject to the RoHS-directive. Furthermore, we make reference to the fact that the current status in this regard can be accessed on the Internet at www.gossenmetrawatt.com by entering the search term WEEE.

We identify our electrical and electronic devices in accordance with WEEE 2012//19EU and ElektroG with the symbol shown to the right per DIN EN 50419.

These devices may not be disposed of with the trash. Please contact our service department regarding the return of old devices.

If you use batteries or rechargeable batteries in your instrument or accessories which no longer function properly, they must be duly disposed of in compliance with the applicable national regulations. Batteries or rechargeable batteries may contain harmful substances or heavy metal such as lead (PB), cadmium (CD) or mercury (Hg).

They symbol shown to the right indicates that batteries or rechargeable batteries may not be disposed of with the trash, but must be delivered to collection points specially provided for this purpose.

Pb Cd Hg

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Maintenance – Calibration

10.6 Recalibration

The respective measuring task and the stress to which your measuring instrument is subjected affect the ageing of the components and may result in deviations from the guaranteed accuracy.

If high measuring accuracy is required and the instrument is frequently used in field applications, combined with transport stress and great temperature fluctuations, we recommend a relatively short calibration interval of 1 year. If your measuring instrument is mainly used in the laboratory and indoors without being exposed to any major climatic or mechanical stress, a calibration interval of 2-3 years is usually sufficient.

During recalibration1 in an accredited calibration laboratory (DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025) the deviations of your instrument in relation to traceable standards are measured and documented. The deviations determined in the process are used for correction of the readings during subsequent application.

We are pleased to perform DAkkS or factory calibrations for you in our calibration laboratory. Please visit our website at www.gossenmetrawatt.com (→ Company → DAkkS Calibration Center or → FAQs → Calibration questions and answers).

By having your measuring instrument calibrated regularly, you fulfill the requirements of a quality management system per DIN EN ISO 9001.

10.7 Manufacturer’s Guarantee

All METRAHIT digital multimeters and calibration instruments are guaranteed for a period of 3 years after date of shipment. The manufacturer’s guarantee covers materials and workmanship. Damages resulting from use for any other than the intended purpose or operating errors, as well as any and all consequential damages, are excluded.

The calibration certificate confirms that the product conformed to the specified technical data at the time of calibration. We guarantee the observance of the specified technical data within the admissible tolerance limits for a period of 12 months from delivery.

Verification of specifications or adjustment services are not part of the calibration. For products from our factory, however, any necessary adjustment is frequently performed and the observance of the relevant specification is confirmed.

80 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Accessories

11 Accessories

11.1 General

The extensive accessories available for our measuring instruments are checked for compliance with currently valid safety regulations at regular intervals, and are expanded as required for new applications. Currently up-to-date accessories which are suitable for your measuring instrument are listed at the following web address along with photo, order number, description and, depending upon the scope of the respective accessory, data sheet and operating instructions: www.gossenmetrawatt.de (→ Measuring Technology – Portable → Digital Multimeters

→ METRAHIT ... → Multimeter Accessories).

11.2 Technical Data for Measurement Cables (scope of delivery: KS29 safety cable set)

Electricity Safety

Maximum rated voltage, measuring category 1000 V CAT III Max. rated current 16 A (with safety caps applied 1 A)

Ambient Conditions (EN 61010-031)

Temp erat ure –2 0 °C ... + 50 °C Relative humidity 50 ... 80% Pollution degree 2

Application

Attention!

In conformity with standard DIN EN 61010-031, measurements in an environment according to measuring category III may only be performed with the safety caps applied to the test probes of the measurement cables!

Please observe the maximum values of the electrical safety of the instrument (DMM).

For establishing contact in 4 mm jacks you have to remove the safety cap by levering out the snap lock of the safety cap with another sharp object (e. g. the second test probe).

11.3 NA X-TRA Power Pack (not included)

Use power packs from GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH only in combination with your instrument. This assures operator safety by means of an extremely well insulated cable, and safe electrical isolation (nominal secondary ratings: 5 V / 600 mA). Installed batteries are disconnected electronically if the power pack is used, and need not be removed from the instrument.

In the multimeter operating mode, capacitive coupling of the Z218G power pack may lead to an increased measuring error. We therefore recommed battery operation for the measurement of capacitance and AC quantities.

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Accessories

11.4 Interface Accessories (not included)

USB X-TRA Bidirectional Interface Adapter

This adapter makes it possible to connect the METRACAL MC to a USB port at a PC. The adapter allows for data transmission between the multimeter and the PC.

METRAwin 10 PC Analysis Software METRAwin 10 PC software is a multilingual, measurement data log-

ging program* for recording, visualizing, evaluating and documenting measured values from METRAHIT multimeters.

The detailed system requirements are indicated in the METRAwin

10/METRAwin 45 installation instructions.

METRAwin 90 Calibration Software METRAwin 90 calibration software is a multilingual program* for

controlling various calibrators for electrical quantities with the help of a PC, and for documenting calibration results. Please refer to the METRAwin 90 installation instructions for a description of the METRAwin 90-2, METRAwin 90-F and METRAwin 90-FJ product variants and their detailed system requirements.

* runs under an IBM compatible Windows operating system

82 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Keyword Index

12 Keyword Index

Numerics

0.diSP ................................................................... 62

Addr ...................................................................... 67

APoFF ................................................................... 63

Automatic Shutdown

Disabling .......................................................17

Specifying a Time .........................................17

AUTO-Range Function ......................................... 18

bAtt ....................................................................... 62

Batteries

Charge Level .................................................76

Periods of Non-Use ......................................76

Replacement .................................................77

bEEP ..................................................................... 63

Cable Resistance ................................................. 35

Capacitance Measurement ................................. 37

Continuity Test ..................................................... 32

Current Clamp Sensor ................................... 41, 42

Current Clamp Transformer ................................ 43

Current Measurement

Notes .............................................................38

Scope of Functions .......................................38

dAtE ...................................................................... 64

Default Settings .................................................... 64

Device Returns ..................................................... 78

Diode Test ............................................................. 33

Display Illumination ..............................................16

Error Messages ....................................................76

Fuse

Replacement

.................................................77

Interfaces

Not Included ..................................................81

Statuses .........................................................13

irStb ....................................................................... 67

itEMP .....................................................................62

Maintenance

Housing .........................................................78

Manufacturer’s Guarantee ................................... 79

Measured Value Storage

DATA Function ..............................................21

Min-Max Values ............................................22

Measurement Cables ........................................... 80

Measuring Category

Significance .....................................................8

Measuring Range Selection

Automatic ......................................................18

Manual ...........................................................18

Memory

Clear ..............................................................24

Ending Recording ..........................................24

Querying Occupancy .................................... 24

Start Recording ............................................. 23

OCCUP ...................................................................62

Overview

Keys and Connections

.................................. 12

Parameters ...................................................61

Power Pack

Connector Socket Location

.......................... 15

Initial Start-Up ............................................... 16

Not Inlcuded ................................................. 80

Product Support ......................................................3

Product Support Hotline .........................................3

rAtE ........................................................................62

Recalibration Service ........................................4, 79

Remote ..................................................................34

Repair and Replacement Parts Service .................4

Resistance Measurement .....................................31

Safety Precautions ..................................................8

Scope of Delivery ....................................................2

Software Enabling ...................................................3

Status of the Infrared Receiver in the

Stand-by Mode .....................................................67

Switching the Instrument On

Manual .......................................................... 16

Via PC ........................................................... 16

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Keyword Index

Symbols

Digital Display

...............................................13

Instrument .....................................................15

Rotary Switch Positions ................................14

Temperature Measurement

With Resistance Thermometers ...................35

With Thermocouples .....................................34

tiME ....................................................................... 64

Training ................................................................... 3

Use for Intended Purpose .................................... 10

Voltage Comparator ....................................... 29, 30

Voltage Measurement

Notes .............................................................27

Scope of Functions .......................................27

WEEE Mark ........................................................... 15

Edited in Germany • Subject to change without notice • PDF version available on the Internet

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH Südwestpark 15 90449 Nuremberg •

Germany

Phone: +49 911 8602-111 Fax: +49 911 8602-777 e-mail: info@gossenmetrawatt.com www.gossenmetrawatt.com

Gossen MetraWatt METRAHIT MULTICAL Operating Instructions Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual