Global Sun Technology GL242201-MT0 Users Manual
APPENDIX A: TROUBLESHOOTING
This chapter provides solutions to frequently encountered problems that can occur
during the installation and operation of the 22Mbps Wireless Network PC Card.
Please read through the following to solve your problems.
1. The wireless clients cannot access the network in the infrastructure mode.
¾ Check that the wireless network device is being installed and working
properly.
Go to “Start” >
Right mouse click
on “My Computer”
> “Properties”
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Go to “Hardware”
Go to “Device
Manager”
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Right mouse click
on the wireless
network adapter
Go to “Properties”
22Mbps WLAN Adapter
22Mbps WLAN Adapter
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Check and make
sure that the
network adapter is
22Mbps WLAN Adapter
working properly
2. What is the difference between 22Mbps and 11Mbps wireless products?
What’s the benefit of 22Mbps Wireless Access Point?
The 22Mbps is made possible by the new modulation method called PBCC
developed by TI, which is different from the current CCK modulation method
for 11Mbps. The 22Mbps Wireless Access Point offers double data rate than that
of 11Mbps with 20% more distance coverage. The 22Mbps wireless products
also operate in the 2.4GHz ISM band and they are backward compatible with
11Mbps wireless products.
3. What is Roaming?
Roaming is the ability of portable computers, e.g., Packet PC and notebook, to
have consistent and continuous data transmission/reception throughout an area
covered by more than one Wireless Access Point. In order to achieve seamless
connectivity, all the wireless clients and Access Points must be set to use the
same SSID. When a user walked out of the coverage area of one AP into
another, the wireless client network device will automatically reestablish
connection with the new AP.
4. What is a MAC Address?
The Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique number assigned by the
manufacturer to any Ethernet networking devices, e.g. a network adapter, that
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allows the network to identify it at the hardware level. Unlike IP addresses,
which can be changed or dynamically assigned by the network, the MAC
address of a networking device is permanent.
5. What is WEP?
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a type of data encryption mechanism
described in the IEEE 802.11 standard. The 22Mbps Wireless Access Point
supports 64/128/256 bit shared key for WEP.
6. Would the information be transmitted securely in the air?
WLAN offers two layers of protection for security. First layer is on the hardware
level. As with Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technology, it has the
inherent security feature of scrambling. Second of all, on the software level, the
security control is made possible by Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) for access
control.
7. What is ISM band?
The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth for
unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. The 2.4GHz
unlicensed ISM band is available worldwide, which presents the opportunity for
the global market of 802.11b high speed wireless products.
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APPENDIX B: NETWORKING BASIS
This chapter will help you learn the basics of home networking.
Using the Windows XP Network Setup Wizard
Go to Start menu >
Control Panel >
Network Connections
In the menu on the left
side of the window,
select “Set up a home
or small office
network”
Click “Next” to
procced
Click “Next” to
continue
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Select the option
that best describes
how you connect
your computer to the
Internet.
In the case of using
router in the
network, choose the
second option.
Click “Next” to
continue.
1. Enter a short
description for your
computer.
2. Enter a name for
your computer to be
recognized among
the network.
3. Click “Next” to
continue.
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Enter “Workgroup
name” for your
home network.
Click “Next” to
continue”
Click “Next” and
wait for the wizard
to apply the settings.
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You may create a
network setup disk
which saves you the
trouble of having to
configure every PCs
in your network.
Select the first
choice, and insert a
floppy disk into
your disk drive
Click “Next” to
continue.
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Click “Format
Disk” if you wish to
format the disk.
Click “Next” to
copy the necessary
files to the disk.
Click “Next” to
continue with the
Network Setup
Wizard
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!Note: Now you may use the Network Setup Disk you just created in any PCs in your
network that you wish to setup. Simply insert the Network Setup Disk into the disk
drive of a PC, and open to browse the content of the disk with “My Computer” or
“Windows File Manager”. Double-click and run the file “netsetup” for the program
to handle the rest.
Click “Finish” to
complete the
Network Setup
Wizard.
System will now
have to restart in
order for the new
settings to be
effective.
Click “Ye s ” to
restart the computer
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Checking IP Address of Your Computer In Windows XP
Sometimes you will need to know the IP address of the computer that you are using.
For example, when you want to make sure that your computer is in the same network
domain as that of your Access Point for you can configure and access the AP.
Go to Start menu >
Run > type
“command”
Click “OK”
When the command prompt window appears, type command “ipconfig /all” and press
Enter. This command will display the IP addresses of all the network adapters in
your computer.
In this case, the IP address of your network adapter is 192.168.0.23, which means
your Access Point must have an IP address of 192.168.0.xxx in order for you to be
able to access it.
If the IP address is assigned by DHCP server on the network, there are chances you
might have to release the IP and acquire it from DHCP server again. Here is how
you do it.
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Go to Start menu >
Run > type
“command”
Click “OK”
Type command, “ipconfig /renew” in the command prompt window and press Enter.
This command releases the current IP address and acquire it from the network, i.e.
DHCP server, once more.
In this case, the IP address that we acquired is the same as previous one, 192.
168.0.23. However, it’s often that the acquired IP address of the network adapter
might would not be the same.
!Note: To renew IP under Windows 98 and Windows ME, you will have to go to the
Start menu > Run > type winipcfg and click “OK”. The Windows IP
Configuration Menu window would appear, where you first click “release” button to
release the current IP address, followed by clicking of “Renew” to acquire a new IP
address from network.
If the above methods for IP renew fail, you will have to try and restart the computer,
which will reinitializes the network adapter settings during startup including renewing
IP address. If you still have problems getting an IP address after computer restarts,
you will have to consult with your MIS in your office or call computer and network
technicians.
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Dynamic IP Address V.S. Static IP Address
By definition Dynamic IP addresses are the IP addresses that are being automatically
assigned to a network device on the network. These Dynamically assigned IP
addresses will expire and may be changed over time.
Static IP addresses are the IP addresses that users manually enter for each of the
network adapters.
Go to Start menu > Control
Panel > Network
Connections > Right-click on
the active Local Area
connection > Select
“Properties”
!Note: There might be two or more Local Area Connection to choose from. You must
select the one that you will use to connect to the network.
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The Local Area Connection
Properties would appear.
Select “Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP)” and Click
“Properties” to continue.
22Mbps WLAN Adapter
Dynamically Assigned IP Address
The TCP/IP Properties window
appears.
Select “Obtain an IP address
automatically” if you are on a
DHCP enabled network.
Click “OK” to close the window
with the changes made
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Static IP Address
Select “Use the following IP
address”
Enter the IP address and subnet
mask fields.
Enter the IP address of the Router
in the Default gateway field.
Enter the IP address of the Router
in the DNS server field
Click “Ok” to close the window
!Note: The IP address must be within the same range as the wireless route or Access
Point.
Wireless Network in Windows 2000
Go to Start menu > Settings >
Network and Dial-up
Connections > Double-click on
the Local Area Connection
Select “Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP)” and click
“Properties”
22Mbps WLAN Adapter
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The TCP/IP Properties window
appears.
Select “Obtain an IP address
automatically” if you are on a
DHCP enabled network.
Click “OK” to close the window
with the changes made
Select “Use the following IP
address”
Enter the IP address and subnet
mask fields.
Enter the IP address of the Router
in the Default gateway field.
Enter the IP address of the Router
in the DNS server field
Click “Ok” to close the window
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Wireless Network In Windows 98 and Windows ME
Go to Start menu > Settings >
Control Panel > Double-click on
Network
Select TCP/IP of the network
device
Click “Properties” to continue
The TCP/IP Properties window
22Mbps WLAN Adapter
appears.
Select “Obtain an IP address
automatically” if you are on a
DHCP enabled network.
Click “OK” to close the window
with the changes made
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Select “Use the following IP
address”
Enter the IP address and subnet
mask fields.
Enter the IP address of the Router
in the Default gateway field.
Enter the IP address of the Router
in the DNS server field
Click “Ok” to close the window
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APPENDIX C: 802.1x Authentication Setup
There are three essential components to the 802.1x infrastructure: (1) Supplicant, (2)
Authenticator and (3) Server. The 802.1x security supports both MD5 and TLS
Extensive Authentication Protocol (EAP). The 802.1x Authentication is a
complement to the current WEP encryption used in wireless network. The current
security weakness of WEP encryption is that there is no key management and no
limitation for the duration of key lifetime. 802.1x Authentication offers key
management, which includes key per user and key per session, and limits the lifetime
of the keys to certain duration. Thus, key decryption by unauthorized attacker
becomes extremely difficult, and the wireless network is safely secured. We will
introduce the 802.1x Authentication infrastructure as a whole and going into details of
the setup for each essential component in 802.1x authentication.
802.1x Authentication Infrastructure
802.11 Wireless
Clients
Support 802.1X
Access Points
Authentication Request
Public
802.11
Wireless
Networks
802.11 Wireless
Support 802.1X
RADIUS
Server
Authentication Success
Internet/
Intranet
The Infrastructure diagram showing above illustrates that a group of 802.11 wireless
clients is trying to form a 802.11 wireless network with the Access Point in order to
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have access to the Internet/Intranet. In 802.1x authentication infrastructure, each of
these wireless clients would have to be authenticated by the Radius server, which
would grant the authorized client and notified the Access Point to open up a
communication port to be used for the granted client. There are 2 Extensive
Authentication Protocol (EAP) methods supported: (1) MD5 and (2) TLS.
MD5 authentication is simply a validation of existing user account and password that
is stored in the server with what are keyed in by the user. Therefore, wireless client
user will be prompted for account/password validation every time when he/she is
trying to get connected. TLS authentication is a more complicated authentication,
which involves using certificate that is issued by the Radius server, for authentication.
TLS authentication is a more secure authentication, since not only the Radius server
authenticates the wireless client, but also the client can validate the Radius server by
the certificate that it issues. The authentication request from wireless clients and reply
by the Radius Server and Access Point process can be briefed as follows:
1. The client sends an EAP start message to the Access Point
2. The Access Point replies with an EAP Request ID message
3. The client sends its Network Access Identifier (NAI) – its user name – to the
Access Point in an EAP Respond message.
4. The Access Point forwards the NAI to the RADIUS server with a RADIUS
Access Request message.
5. The RADIUS server responds to the client with its digital certificate.
6. The client validates the digital certificate, and replies its own digital
certificate to the RADIUS server.
7. The RADIUS server validates client’s digital certificate.
8. The client and RADIUS server derive encryption keys.
9. The RADIUS server sends the access point a RADIUS ACCEPT message,
including the client’s WEP key.
10. The Access Point sends the client an EAP Success message along with the
broadcast key and key length, all encrypted with the client’s WEP key.
Supplicant: Wireless Network PC Card
Here is the setup for the Wireless Network PC Card under Windows XP, which is the
only Operating System that our driver supports for 802.1x. Microsoft is planning on
supporting 802.1x security in all common Windows Operating System including
Win98SE/ME/2000 by releasing Service Pack in 2003.
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