Giga-tronics 12520A, 12422A, 12428A, 12508A, 12408A Operation Manual

www.gigatronics.com

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

Giga-tronics Incorporated v 4650 Norris Canyon Road, San Ramon, CA 94583

925.328.4650/800.726.4442/925.328.4700 (Fax)

v Customer Service: 800.444.2878/925.328.4702 (Fax)

Operation Manual

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All technical data and specifications in this publication are subject to change without prior notice and do not represent a change without prior
notice and do not represent a commitment on the part of Giga-tronics Incorporated.

© 2002 Giga-tronics Incorporated. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA.

WARRANTY

Giga-tronics Series 12000A instruments are
warranted against defective materials and
workmanship for one year from date of shipment.
Giga-tronics will at its option repair or replace
products that are proven defective during the
warranty period. This warranty DOES NOT cover
damage resulting from improper use, nor
workmanship other than Giga-tronics service.
There is no implied warranty of fitness for a
particular purpose, nor is Giga-tronics liable for any
consequential damages. Specification and price
change privileges are reserved by Giga-tronics.

MODEL NUMBERS

The Series 12000A has model numbers for each instrument with a specific frequency range as described in
Chapter 1. All models are referred to in this manual by the general term 12000A, except where it is necessary to
make a distinction between the models. In these cases, the specific model number(s) will be used.

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

1

Introduction

Contents

About this Publication .................................................................................................................................xi

Conventions ..............................................................................................................................................xiii

Configuration Data .....................................................................................................................................xv

Record of Publication Changes .................................................................................................................xvii

Special Configurations ...............................................................................................................................xix

1.1 General Information ..................................................................................................................1-1

1.1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1-1

1.1.2 Features ............................................................................................................. 1-2

1.1.3 Environmental Standards ................................................................................... 1-2

1.1.4 Items Furnished ................................................................................................. 1-2

1.1.5 Items Required ................................................................................................... 1-2

1.1.6 Cooling ............................................................................................................... 1-3

1.1.7 Cleaning ............................................................................................................. 1-3

1.1.8 Receiving Inspection .......................................................................................... 1-3

1.1.9 Reshipment Preparation .................................................................................... 1-3

1.2 Installation................................................................................................................................1-4

1.3 Inputs/Outputs..........................................................................................................................1-4

1.3.1 I/O Connectors (Front Panel) ............................................................................. 1-5

1.3.2 I/O Connectors (Rear Panel) .............................................................................. 1-6

1.3.3 Computer Interface ............................................................................................ 1-8

1.3.3.1 GPIB ............................................................................................. 1-8

1.3.4 Power ............................................................................................................... 1-10

1.3.3.2 EIA-232 ......................................................................................... 1-9

1.3.4.1 Line Fuse .................................................................................... 1-10

1.3.4.2 Fuse Installation.......................................................................... 1-10

1.4 Specifications.........................................................................................................................1-11

1.4.1 CW Operation ...................................................................................................1-11

1.4.2 RF Output ......................................................................................................... 1-13

1.4.3 Spectral Purity.................................................................................................. 1-15

1.4.4 Step Frequency Sweep .................................................................................... 1-16

1.4.5 Step Power Sweep ........................................................................................... 1-17

1.5 Supplemental Specifications ...................................................................................................1-18

1.5.1 General Specifications ..................................................................................... 1-18

1.5.2 Weight & Dimensions ....................................................................................... 1-18

1.5.3 Option 20 (High Power) Specifications ............................................................ 1-19

1.6 Specifications (Series 12500A/12700A).................................................................................1-20

1.6.1 Ramp Frequency Sweep .................................................................................. 1-20

1.6.2 Ramp Power Sweep ........................................................................................ 1-22

1.7 Modulation Parameters & Operational Modes......................................................................... 1-23

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

1.7.1 Amplitude Modulation (AM) .............................................................................. 1-23

1.7.1.1 AM Envelope Parameters........................................................... 1-23

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

1.7.1.2 Externally Supplied AM Envelope............................................... 1-24

1.7.1.3 Internally Generated AM Envelope ............................................. 1-24

1.7.2 Scan Modulation .............................................................................................. 1-24

1.7.3 Frequency Modulation (FM) ............................................................................. 1-25

1.7.4 Phase Modulation (fM) ..................................................................................... 1-28

1.7.5 Pulse/Square Wave Modulation (PM) .............................................................. 1-30

1.8 Supplemental Specifications (Series 12500A/12700A)............................................................1-32

1.8.1 Option 24 (Internal Modulation Generator) Specifications ............................... 1-32

1.8.2 Option 29 (Scan Modulation) Specifications .................................................... 1-36

1.7.3.1 Wide Mode Envelope Parameters .............................................. 1-25

1.7.3.2 Narrow Mode Envelope Parameters ........................................... 1-26

1.7.3.3 Internally Generated FM Envelope ............................................. 1-27

1.7.3.4 Externally Supplied FM Envelope............................................... 1-27

1.7.4.1 Wide Mode Envelope Parameter................................................ 1-28

1.7.4.2 Narrow Mode Envelope Parameters ........................................... 1-28

1.7.4.3 Internally Generated PM Envelope ............................................. 1-29

1.7.4.4 External Supplied FM Envelope ................................................. 1-29

1.7.5.1 PM Basic Operation.................................................................... 1-30

1.7.5.2 Internally Generated PM Envelope ............................................. 1-31

1.7.5.3 Externally Generated PM Envelope............................................ 1-31

1.8.1.1 Amplitude Modulation Source..................................................... 1-32

1.8.1.2 Frequency Modulation Source.................................................... 1-33

1.8.1.3 Pulse Modulation Source............................................................ 1-33

1.8.1.4 Pulse Start Variable Delay .......................................................... 1-34

1.8.1.5 Pulse Width................................................................................. 1-34

1.8.1.6 Pulse Modes ............................................................................... 1-35

1.8.1.7 Externally Triggered PM Envelope ............................................. 1-35

1.8.1.8 PM Sync Output.......................................................................... 1-35

1.8.1.9 PM Video Output ........................................................................ 1-35

1.8.2.1 Envelope Parameters ................................................................. 1-36

1.8.2.2 Scan Mode.................................................................................. 1-36

1.8.2.3 Internally Generated Scan/AM Envelope.................................... 1-37

1.8.2.4 Power.......................................................................................... 1-37

2

Front Panel Operation

2.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................2-1

2.2 Front Panel Description.............................................................................................................2-1

2.2.1 Series 12000A Front Panel Layout Descriptions ............................................... 2-3

2.3 Front Panel Applications ...........................................................................................................2-9

2.3.1 Direct Entry .......................................................................................................2-11

2.3.2 Set a CW Signal ............................................................................................... 2-12

2.3.3 Step Frequency Sweep Configuration ............................................................. 2-15

2.3.4 Add Markers to a Frequency Sweep ................................................................ 2-17

2.3.5 List Set Up ........................................................................................................ 2-19

2.3.1.1 Numeric Keypad Entry ................................................................ 2-11

2.3.1.2 Increment/Decrement ................................................................. 2-11

2.3.1.3 Individual Digit Changes ............................................................. 2-11

2.3.2.1 Transfer To/From a Marker......................................................... 2-12

2.3.2.2 Change Output Phase ................................................................ 2-13

2.3.2.3 Change Resolution ..................................................................... 2-14

2.3.3.1 Step Frequency Sweep Parameters ........................................... 2-16

2.3.5.1 LIST MODE Menu Navigation .................................................... 2-19

2.3.5.2 List Table .................................................................................... 2-20

2.3.5.3 Repeat Mode .............................................................................. 2-20

ii Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

Preface

2.3.5.4 Trigger Types.............................................................................. 2-20

2.3.5.5 Configuring Points ...................................................................... 2-20

2.3.5.6 Edit List ....................................................................................... 2-21

2.3.6 List Entry Speed Up ......................................................................................... 2-23

2.3.7 List Execution Speed Up .................................................................................. 2-23

2.3.7.1 Lists Precompilation.................................................................... 2-23

2.3.7.2 Multiple Precompiled Lists .......................................................... 2-23

2.3.7.3 Individual Point Execution Speed Up (Fast Option).................... 2-24

2.3.8 List Points Storage ........................................................................................... 2-25

2.3.8.1 CPU Busy Clock ......................................................................... 2-26

2.3.8.2 Keyboard Abort ........................................................................... 2-26

2.3.9 Step Power Sweep Configuration .................................................................... 2-27

2.3.10 ALC Operation ................................................................................................. 2-29

2.3.11 Ramp Frequency Sweep Configuration (Series 12700A Only) ........................ 2-32

2.3.12 Ramp Power Sweep Configuration (Series 12700A Only) ............................... 2-34

2.3.13 External Amplitude Modulation (Series 12500A/12700A Only) ........................ 2-36

2.3.14 Internal Amplitude Modulation (Series 12500A/12700A Only) ......................... 2-37

2.3.15 External Scan Amplitude Modulation (Opt. 29) (Series 12500A/12700A Only) 2-39

2.3.16 Internal Modulation (Opt. 24) with Scan AM (Opt. 29) Selected ...................... 2-41

2.3.17 External Frequency Modulation (Series 12500A/12700A Only) ....................... 2-42

2.3.18 Internal Frequency Modulation (Series 12500A/12700A Only) ........................ 2-44

2.3.19 Phase Modulation (Series 12500A/12700A Only) ............................................ 2-46

2.3.20 External Pulse Modulation (Series 12500A/12700A Only) ............................... 2-47

2.3.21 Internal Pulse Modulation (Series 12500A/12700A Only) ................................ 2-48

2.3.22 Interface Configuration ..................................................................................... 2-50

2.3.23 System Reset ................................................................................................... 2-52

2.3.9.1 Step Power Sweep Parameters.................................................. 2-28

2.3.10.1 ALC Menu without Step Attenuator ............................................ 2-29

2.3.10.2 ALC Mode................................................................................... 2-30

2.3.10.3 Sensor ........................................................................................ 2-30

2.3.10.4 Attenuator Mode ......................................................................... 2-30

2.3.10.5 High Power ................................................................................. 2-30

2.3.10.6 Power Slope ............................................................................... 2-30

2.3.10.7 Offset .......................................................................................... 2-31

2.3.10.8 Level Correction.......................................................................... 2-31

2.3.11.1 Ramp Frequency Sweep Parameters......................................... 2-33

2.3.12.1 Ramp Power Sweep Parameters (Series 12700A Only) ............ 2-35

2.3.22.1 Network Analyzer Sweep Settings (Series 12700A Only) .......... 2-51

2.3.23.1 NVRAM Description.................................................................... 2-52

2.3.23.2 Boot-Up NVRAM Initialization Menus ......................................... 2-52

3

Remote Operation

3.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................3-1

3.1.1 Languages Available .......................................................................................... 3-1

3.2 SCPI Command Codes...............................................................................................................3-2

3.2.1 SCPI Command Format ..................................................................................... 3-2

3.2.2 SCPI Mandated Commands .............................................................................. 3-4

3.2.3 SCPI SOURCe Commands ............................................................................... 3-7

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 iii

3.2.3.1 AM Subsystem Commands (Series 12500A/12700A Only) ......... 3-8

3.2.3.2 FM Subsystem Commands (Series 12500A/12700A Only)........ 3-11

3.2.3.3 FREQuency Subsystem Commands .......................................... 3-13

3.2.3.4 LIST Subsystem Commands ...................................................... 3-17

3.2.3.5 MARKer Subsystem Commands ................................................ 3-22

3.2.3.6 POWer Subsystem Commands.................................................. 3-23

3.2.3.7 PULse Modulation Subsystem Commands(12500A/12700A) .... 3-25

3.2.3.8 SWEep Subsystem Commands ................................................. 3-26

3.2.3.9 SYSTem Subsystem Commands ............................................... 3-28

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

3.2.4 SCPI Status Commands .................................................................................. 3-29

3.2.5 Sample SCPI Commands ................................................................................ 3-31

3.2.3.10 TRIGger Subsystem Commands................................................ 3-28

3.3 Native Command Codes ..........................................................................................................3-32

3.3.1 IEEE 488 Interface ........................................................................................... 3-33

3.3.2 Command Syntax ............................................................................................. 3-33

3.3.3 Native Command Code Set ............................................................................. 3-35

3.3.4 IEEE Common Commands .............................................................................. 3-41

3.3.5 Fixed Frequency/Level Commands ................................................................. 3-42

3.3.6 List Mode Commands ...................................................................................... 3-44

3.3.7 Manipulating Lists via GPIB ............................................................................. 3-49

3.3.8 Step Frequency Sweep Commands ................................................................ 3-55

3.3.9 Ramp Frequency Sweep Commands (Series 12700A Only) ........................... 3-59

3.3.10 Marker Commands ........................................................................................... 3-63

3.3.11 Step Power Sweep Commands ....................................................................... 3-64

3.3.12 Ramp Power Sweep Commands (Series 12700A Only) .................................. 3-67

3.3.13 Amplitude Modulation Commands (Series 12500A/12700A Only) .................. 3-70

3.3.14 Frequency Modulation Commands (Series 12500A/12700A Only) ................. 3-73

3.3.15 Pulse Modulation Commands (Series 12500A/12700A Only) ......................... 3-75

3.3.16 Output Commands ........................................................................................... 3-77

3.3.17 ALC Commands............................................................................................... 3-81

3.3.18 Instrument Control Commands ........................................................................ 3-83

3.3.2.1 Function Codes........................................................................... 3-33

3.3.2.2 Address Assignment ................................................................... 3-33

3.3.2.3 Command Interpretation ............................................................. 3-34

3.3.7.1 Controlling List Execution ........................................................... 3-49

3.3.7.2 List Entry Speed Up .................................................................... 3-50

3.3.7.3 List Precompilation ..................................................................... 3-51

3.3.7.4 Multiple Precompiled Lists .......................................................... 3-52

3.3.7.5 List Points Storage...................................................................... 3-53

3.3.7.6 Precompiling Saved Lists ........................................................... 3-54

4

Performance Verification

4.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................4-1

4.1.1 Recommended Equipment ................................................................................. 4-1

4.2 Performance Tests....................................................................................................................4-2

4.2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 4-2

4.2.2 Frequency Range, Resolution & Accuracy ........................................................ 4-3

4.2.3 Spurious Signals Tests ....................................................................................... 4-4

4.2.4 Single Sideband Phase Noise ............................................................................ 4-6

4.2.5 RF Output Power Tests ...................................................................................... 4-7

4.2.2.1 Description .................................................................................... 4-3

4.2.2.2 Equipment Required ..................................................................... 4-3

4.2.2.3 Procedure ..................................................................................... 4-3

4.2.3.1 Description .................................................................................... 4-4

4.2.3.2 Equipment Required ..................................................................... 4-4

4.2.3.3 Procedure ..................................................................................... 4-4

4.2.4.1 Description .................................................................................... 4-6

4.2.4.2 Equipment Required ..................................................................... 4-6

4.2.4.3 Procedure ..................................................................................... 4-6

4.2.5.1 Description .................................................................................... 4-7

4.2.5.2 Equipment Required ..................................................................... 4-7

4.2.5.3 Procedure (Output Power)............................................................ 4-7

4.2.5.4 Procedure (Attenuator Test: Option 26)........................................ 4-8

iv Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

Preface

4.3 Calibration................................................................................................................................4-9

4.3.1 Equipment & Documentation Required .............................................................. 4-9

4.3.1.1 All Models ..................................................................................... 4-9

4.3.1.2 Additional Requirements (Series 125XXA/127XXA Only) .......... 4-10

4.3.2 Timebase Calibration ....................................................................................... 4-10

4.3.3 Output Amplitude Calibration ........................................................................... 4-10

4.3.4 Instrument Self Adjustment During Power Up ...................................................4-11

4.3.5 Factory Calibrations ......................................................................................... 4-12

4.4 Performance Tests (Series 12500A/12700A)..........................................................................4-13

4.4.1 Amplitude Modulation Test ............................................................................... 4-14

4.4.2 Frequency Modulation Test .............................................................................. 4-16

4.4.3 Pulse Modulation On/Off Ratio Test ................................................................. 4-19

4.4.4 Pulse Modulation Rise & Fall Time Test ........................................................... 4-20

4.4.5 Pulse Modulation Overshoot & Settling Time ................................................... 4-21

4.4.6 Pulse Modulation Accuracy Test ...................................................................... 4-22

4.3.3.1 Power vs. Detector Voltage ........................................................ 4-10

4.3.3.2 Modulator Control vs. Applied Voltage ....................................... 4-10

4.3.3.3 Amplitude vs. Frequency Correction Factors.............................. 4-11

4.3.4.1 YIG Oscillator Coarse Tuning Adjustment .................................. 4-11

4.3.4.2 Tracking Filter Linearity .............................................................. 4-11

4.3.4.3 ALC Offset .................................................................................. 4-11

4.3.5.1 ALC Temperature Compensation ............................................... 4-12

4.4.1.1 Description .................................................................................. 4-14

4.4.1.2 Equipment Required ................................................................... 4-14

4.4.1.3 Procedure (AM Depth)................................................................ 4-14

4.4.1.4 Procedure (AM Bandwidth)......................................................... 4-15

4.4.2.1 Description .................................................................................. 4-16

4.4.2.2 Equipment Required ................................................................... 4-16

4.4.2.3 Delay Discriminator Description .................................................. 4-16

4.4.2.4 Procedure ................................................................................... 4-18

4.4.3.1 Description .................................................................................. 4-19

4.4.3.2 Equipment Required ................................................................... 4-19

4.4.3.3 Procedure ................................................................................... 4-19

4.4.4.1 Description .................................................................................. 4-20

4.4.4.2 Equipment Required ................................................................... 4-20

4.4.4.3 Procedure ................................................................................... 4-20

4.4.5.1 Description .................................................................................. 4-21

4.4.5.2 Equipment Required ................................................................... 4-21

4.4.5.3 Procedure ................................................................................... 4-21

4.4.6.1 Description .................................................................................. 4-22

4.4.6.2 Equipment Required ................................................................... 4-22

4.4.6.3 Procedure ................................................................................... 4-22

4.5 Calibration (Series 12500A/12700A Native)...........................................................................4-23

4.5.1 Frequency Modulation Calibration ................................................................... 4-23

4.5.2 Amplitude Modulation Calibration .................................................................... 4-23

4.5.3 Mode Related Calibrations ............................................................................... 4-24

A

Accessories & Options

A.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................A-1

A.2 Accessories ..............................................................................................................................A-2

A.2.1 A001: Cable Kit (SMA) ......................................................................................... A-2

A.2.2 A002: Rack Mount with Slides ............................................................................. A-2

A.2.3 A003: Rack Mount without Slides ........................................................................ A-2

A.2.4 A010: Operation Manual ...................................................................................... A-2

A.2.5 A011: Ruggedized Carrying Case........................................................................ A-2

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 v

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

A.3 Options.....................................................................................................................................A-3

A.3.1 Option 20: High Power RF Out ............................................................................ A-3

A.3.2 Option 22: Rear Panel RF Output Connector ...................................................... A-3

A.3.3 Option 23: Type N RF Output Connector............................................................. A-3

A.3.4 Option 24: Internal Modulation Generator............................................................ A-3

A.3.5 Option 26: Step Attenuator (20 GHz Instruments) ............................................... A-4

A.3.6 Option 29: Scan Modulation................................................................................. A-4

Index

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers .............................................................................................Index-1

B

Firmware Field Upgrade

B.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................B-1

B.2 Series 12000A Firmware Upgrade Procedure ............................................................................B-1

vi Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

Preface

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 vii

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

Illustrations

Figure 1-1: Series 12000A Front Panel Inputs/Outputs (All Models) ............................................. 1-5

Figure 1-2: Series 12000A Rear Panel Inputs/Outputs (All Models).............................................. 1-6

Figure 1-3: Fuse Holder ............................................................................................................... 1-10

Figure 2-1: Series 12000A Front Panel Layouts ............................................................................ 2-2

Figure 2-2: Display Screen with Interactive Softkeys..................................................................... 2-3

Figure 2-3: Data Entry Field (All Models) ....................................................................................... 2-4

Figure 2-4: System Configuration Selection (Preset)..................................................................... 2-7

Figure 2-5: Fixed Frequency Menu with Softkeys........................................................................ 2-11

Figure 2-6: Phase Adjustment Selection...................................................................................... 2-12

Figure 2-7: Phase Adjustment Selection (Phase Change)........................................................... 2-12

Figure 2-8: Step Frequency Sweep Menu ................................................................................... 2-14

Figure 2-9: Marker Configuration Menu ....................................................................................... 2-16

Figure 2-10: List Sweep Configuration Menu................................................................................. 2-18

Figure 2-11: Edit List 1 Sweep Parameters Menu ......................................................................... 2-20

Figure 2-12: List 1 Range Menu..................................................................................................... 2-21

Figure 2-13: Fast Option Display Mode Selection.......................................................................... 2-23

Figure 2-14: CPU Busy Clock Feature........................................................................................... 2-25

Figure 2-15: Step Power Sweep Configuration Menu.................................................................... 2-26

Figure 2-16: Automatic Leveling Control Selection ........................................................................ 2-28

Figure 2-17: ALC Menu with Low Power Correction Feature......................................................... 2-28

Figure 2-18: Power Slope Selection...............................................................................................2-29

Figure 2-19: Ramp Frequency Sweep Menu ................................................................................. 2-31

Figure 2-20: Ramp Power Sweep Configuration Menu.................................................................. 2-33

Figure 2-21: Amplitude Modulation Selection ................................................................................ 2-35

Figure 2-22: Amplitude Modulation Selection (Internal) ................................................................. 2-36

Figure 2-23: Scan Modulation Selection ........................................................................................ 2-38

Figure 2-24: Scan AM (Internal)..................................................................................................... 2-40

Figure 2-25: Frequency Modulation Selection ............................................................................... 2-41

Figure 2-26: Frequency Modulation (Internal)/Phase Modulation (Deviation) Selections .............. 2-43

Figure 2-27: Phase Modulation Selection ...................................................................................... 2-45

Figure 2-28: Pulse Modulation Selection ....................................................................................... 2-46

Figure 2-29: Pulse Modulation Selection (Internal) ........................................................................ 2-47

Figure 2-30: System Configuration Selection................................................................................. 2-49

Figure 2-31: System Configuration Selection (GPIB Parameters Screen)..................................... 2-49

Figure 2-32: System Configuration Selections (Network Analyzer) ............................................... 2-50

Figure 2-33: NVRAM CheckSum Selection ................................................................................... 2-51

Figure 2-34: NVRAM Signature Selection...................................................................................... 2-52

Figure 2-35: Power-Up Preset Selection........................................................................................ 2-52

Figure 4-1: Frequency Range, Resolution & Accuracy .................................................................. 4-3

Figure 4-2: Spurious Signals Tests ................................................................................................ 4-4

Figure 4-3: Single Sideband Phase Noise ..................................................................................... 4-6

Figure 4-4: RF Output Power Test .................................................................................................4-7

Figure 4-5: RF Output Power Attenuator Test ............................................................................... 4-8

Figure 4-6: Amplitude Modulation Test ........................................................................................ 4-14

Figure 4-7: Frequency Modulation Test ....................................................................................... 4-16

Figure 4-8: Pulse Modulation On/Off Ratio Test .......................................................................... 4-19

Figure 4-9: Pulse Modulation Rise/Fall Time Test ....................................................................... 4-20

Figure 4-10: PM Overshoot and Setting Time................................................................................ 4-21

Figure 4-11: Pulse Modulation Accuracy Test ............................................................................... 4-22

viii Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

Tables

Preface

Table 1-1: Series 12000A Model Numbers.................................................................................. 1-1

Table 1-2: Series 12000A I/O Connector Descriptions................................................................ 1-7

Table 1-3: Series 12000A IEEE 488.2 Hardware Configurations ................................................ 1-8

Table 1-4: EIA-232 Pin Assignments........................................................................................... 1-9

Table 2-1: Phase Shift Completion Times ................................................................................. 2-13

Table 2-2: Factory Default Settings ........................................................................................... 2-53

Table 3-1: SCPI Status Commands........................................................................................... 3-29

Table 3-2: Sample SCPI Commands......................................................................................... 3-31

Table 3-3: Implemented IEEE 488 Subsets............................................................................... 3-33

Table 3-4: 12000A Native Command Set.................................................................................. 3-35

Table 4-1: Series 12000A Recommended Equipment................................................................. 4-1

Table A-1: Accessories & Options................................................................................................ A-1

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 ix

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

x Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

About this Publication

This publication describes the local (front panel) and remote (GPIB) operation of the Giga-tronics
Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers:

Preface

In addition to a comprehensive Table of Contents and general information about the publication, the
Preface also contains a record of changes made to the publication since its production, and a
description of Special Configurations. If a user-specific publication was purchased, please refer to
page xix for a description of the special configuration.

:

Chapters:

1 – Introduction

Brief introduction to the instrument and its performance parameters for all three models.
Section 1.6 begins data for native performance specifications for the Series 125XXA/127XXA
models.

2 – Front Panel Operation

User’s guide to the instrument’s front panel. All control and features are fully described for all
three models.

3 – Remote Operation

Describes how to operate the instrument from a remote location over the General Purpose
Interface Bus (GPIB). All programming codes are presented in this chapter with various
applications to aid in understanding the operation.

4 – Performance Verification

Defines procedures to verify the performance of the 12000A series. Section 4.4 begins
modulation related performance verification issues that are native to the Series 125XXA/
127XXA models.

Appendices:

A - Accessories & Options

Describes the accessories and options that are available for the Series 12000A Microwave
Synthesizers. Each accessory and option is described under its respective heading.

B - Firmware Field Upgrade

Provides the process to update the Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers firmware.

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 xi

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

Index - Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

A subject listing of contents for the Series 12000A.

Changes that occur after production of this publication, and Special Configuration data will be
inserted as loose pages in the publication binder. Please insert and/or replace the indicated pages as
detailed in the Technical Publication Change Instructions included with new and/or replacement
pages.

xii Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

Conventions

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The following conventions are used in this publication. Additional conventions not included here will
be defined at the time of usage.

Warning

WARNING

WARNING

The WARNING statement is encased in gray and centered in the
page. This calls attention to a situation, or an operating or
maintenance procedure, or practice, which if not strictly
corrected or observed, could result in injury or death of personnel.
An example is the proximity of high voltage.

Caution

Notes

☛

CAUTION

The CAUTION statement is enclosed with single lines and
centered in the page. This calls attention to a situation, or an
operating or maintenance procedure, or practice, which if not
strictly corrected or observed, could result in temporary or
permanent damage to the equipment, or loss of effectiveness.

NOTE: A NOTE Highlights or amplifies an essential operating or maintenance
procedure, practice, condition or statement.

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 xiii

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

xiv Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

Configuration Data

Giga-tronics: Serial, Code, Model, Option or Configuration Label

Examine the code, model serial, option or config. label affixed to the rear panel.

Serial Number

Each instrument has a seven-digit serial number, shown on the label on the rear panel.

Code Number

Each instrument has a two-digit number. This number is the Manufacturing Configuration Code.

Model Number

Each instrument has a 5-digit serial number and one suffix character which designates the
Series 12000A. Suffix character A is the Series version.

Model Type

(124XXA) CW, No Modulation
(125XXA) Step
(127XXA) Step & Ramp

Frequency Range

(12X08A) 0.01 to 8 GHz
(12X20A) 0.01 to 20 GHz
(12X28A) 2 to 8 GHz
(12X22A) 2 to 20 GHz

Option Number

If the line is blank, there are no options installed. Option(s) are installed when one or more 2 digit
numbers are on the line which correspond to the option numbers in Appendix A.

Configuration Number

If the Config. line contains a three digit number (e.g., 241), there is a combination of options and/or
special modifications installed in the instrument. Information relating to special configurations will be
contained in supplemental pages included with this manual.

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 xv

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

xvi Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

Record of Publication Changes

This table is provided for your convenience to maintain a permanent record of publication change data.
Replacement pages will be issued as a TPCI (Technical Publication Change Instructions), and will be
inserted at the front of the binder. Remove the corresponding old pages, insert the new pages, and
record the changes here.

TPCI Number TPCI Issue Date

Date
Entered

Comments

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 xvii

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

xviii Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

Special Configurations

When the accompanying product has been configured for user-specific application(s), supplemental
pages will be inserted at the front of the publication binder. Remove the indicated page(s) and replace it
(them) with the furnished Special Configuration supplemental page(s).

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 xix

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

xx Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

1.1 General Information

General Information

1

Introduction

Model

124XXA

125XXA/

127XXA

1.1.1 - Introduction

1.1.2 - Features

1.1.3 - Environmental Standards

1.1.4 - Items Furnished

1.1.5 - Items Required

1.1.6 - Cooling

1.1.7 - Cleaning

1.1.8 - Receiving Inspection

1.1.9 - Reshipment Preparation

1.1.1 Introduction

The Series 12000A are Microwave Synthesizers with Step, Ramp (Series 127XXA Only) and List
Sweep capability; the instruments operate over a wide range of microwave frequencies, power levels and
in a variety of modulation modes. The 12000A can generate output signals over a frequency range of
10 MHz to 20 GHz; the frequency range is dependent on the specific model number. Table 1-1 lists the
models with their respective frequency range. The RF output can be Fixed (CW), Step, Ramp or List
Sweep with External Frequency, Amplitude or Pulse Modulation. The Series 124XXA is a CW ONLY
Microwave Synthesizer. Option 29 (Scan Modulation) and Option 24 (Internal Modulation
Generator) are only available on Series 125XXA/127XXA models

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v

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.

Table 1-1: Series 12000A Model Numbers

Series 12400A

(CW Generator)

(Step Sweep, No Modulation) (Step Sweep, Modulation) (Step and Ramp Sweep Modulation)

12408A 12508A 12708A 10 MHz to 8 GHz

12428A 12528A 12728A 2 GHz to 8 GHz

12420A 12520A 12720A 10 MHz to 20 GHz

12422A 12522A 12722A 2 GHz to 20 GHz

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 1-1

Series 12500A

(Signal Generator)

Series 12700A

(Swept Signal Generator)

Frequency Range

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

Observe the publication’s legend header sections as a way to assist in the operability of the Series
12000A purchased. Operation from the instrument’s front panel is detailed in Chapter 2 and
Section 2.3 for native data involving the Series 125XXA/127XXA models. Instructions on how to
operate the instrument from a remote host computer over the GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus)
can be obtained from Chapter 3. Installation instructions for all three models can be found in
Section 1.2. Performance Specifications for all three 12000A models are detailed in Sections 1.4
(Series 124XXA) and 1.6 (Series 125XXA/127XXA - Native data).

1.1.2 Features

Features

124XXA

Model

125XXA/

127XXA

Advanced digital processing architecture, driving a high-speed, ferrite-based YIG oscillator

Spectrally pure output with a tuning resolution of 0.1 Hz

Optimum oscillator fast switching speed while maintaining low phase noise

Field-programmable gate arrays perform logic operations quickly while a digital signal
processor functions as a secondary processor for dynamic control and fast frequency
settings without burdening the primary processor.

The frequency ramp sweep technique provides an analog-like ramp sweep using a high­speed digital step sweep of the synthesizer between pre-defined start and stop
frequencies. Linearity errors are virtually eliminated because the frequency is stepped at a
faster rate than the PLL bandwidth, essentially producing a swept phase locked loop

1.1.3 Environmental Standards

All Series 12000A models are environmentally tested for compliance with MIL-PRF-28800F, Class 3.

1.1.4 Items Furnished

Accessories and Options are detailed in Appendix A of this publication. In addition to options and/or
accessories specifically ordered, the following items are furnished with the instrument:

• Operation Manual (P/N 31231)

• Power Cord, 6 ft. (P/N WMPO-030007)

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N/A

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(127XXA ONLY)

1.1.5 Items Required

No special tools are required to operate the Series 12000A. Test equipment required for performance
verification is described in Chapter 4 for the Series 124XXA and Section 4.4 for the Series 125XXA/
127XXA within.

• IEEE 488 Interface Cable (Needed for Remote Control Operation)

• RF Output Cabling (Made to fit Female Type SMA Output Connector) (Order Accessory Cable Kit
Accessory A001, P/N 29847)

1-2 Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

1.1.6 Cooling

*

A cooling fan is installed in all three models. The cooling air intake is located on the rear panel of all
models. Care must be taken to avoid obstructing the flow of air into the instrument.

1.1.7 Cleaning

The air intake screen for the all three models should be cleaned whenever a significant amount of dust
has accumulated on it. Whenever the instrument covers are removed, the interior should be blown out
with dry air at a low velocity.

1.1.8 Receiving Inspection

Use care in removing the instrument from the carton and check immediately for physical damage, such
as bent or broken connectors on the front and rear panels, dents or scratches on the panels, broken
extractor handles, etc. Check the shipping carton for evidence of physical damage and immediately
report any damage to the shipping carrier.

1.1.9 Reshipment Preparation

Introduction

If it is necessary to return the instrument to the factory, protect the instrument during reshipment by
using the best packaging materials available. If possible, use the original shipping container. If the
original container is not available, use a strong carton (350 lbs./sq.in. bursting strength) or a wooden
box. Wrap the instrument in heavy paper or plastic before placing it in the shipping container.
Completely fill the areas on all sides of the instrument with packaging material. Take extra precaution
to protect the front and rear panels. Seal the package with strong tape or metal bands. Mark the outside
of the package:

FRAGILE — DELICATE INSTRUMENT

If corresponding with the factory or the local Giga-tronics sales office regarding reshipment, please
provide the model and serial number. If the instrument is being returned for repair, be sure to enclose all
relevant information regarding the problem that has been found.

NOTE:

Service so that a return authorization number (RMA) can be assigned. Contact Giga­tronics via e-mail ([e-mail]) or by phone [phone]). (The 800
number is only valid within the US). Contact can also occur via our domestic line at

925.328.4650 or Fax at 925.328.4702.

If returning an instrument to Giga-tronics for service, first contact Customer

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 1-3

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

1.2 Installation

Model

Installation

All instruments are shipped in operational condition and no special installation procedures are required.
See Chapter 4 for warm-up time prior to calibration and testing for all models. Each Giga-tronics
instrument must pass rigorous inspections and tests prior to shipment. Following installation, the
performance of all models should be checked immediately to insure that operation has not been
impaired during shipment. The following below apply to all models:

• Warm-up time of 20 minutes for normal operation

• Performance Verification procedures detailed in Chapter 4 for all models, including modulation
related performance tests specifically for only the Series 125XXA/127XXA is found starting in
Section 4.4

1.3 Inputs/Outputs

Inputs/Outputs

1.3.1 - I/O Connectors (Front Panel)

1.3.2 - I/O Connectors (Rear Panel)

124XXA

125XXA/

127XXA

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Model

124XXA

125XXA/

127XXA

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1.3.3 - Computer Interface

Input/Output connector differentials between the 124XXA and 125XXA/127XXA models are
illustrated in Figure 1-1 for the front panel and Figure 1-2 for the rear. Table 1-2 contains the front and
rear panel I/O connector functional descriptions for all models. The front and rear BNC Connectors on
the Series 124XXA have only the ALC and no modulation functions. The Series 125XXA/127XXA
have all four connectors: ALC IN, AM IN, FM/

φ

M IN & PULSE IN.

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1-4 Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003

1.3.1 I/O Connectors (Front Panel)

Figure 1-1 illustrates the panel interface located on the front of the Series 12000A for all models. All
connectors are type BNC unless otherwise stated.

Introduction

STATUS

HELP

GPIB

REMOTE

LOCAL

LINE

STANDBY

STORE

RECALL

ALC INALC IN

GT12000A Microwave Synthesizer

0

SYSTEM

CONFIG

PRESET

Series 12400A Front Panel I/O

Figure 1-1: Series 12000A Front Panel Inputs/Outputs (All Models)

OUTPUT

ON/OFF

RF ON

RF OUT

STEP

CURSOR

STORE

RECALL

ALC INALC IN

DATA ENTRY

7

89

5

4

1

2

.

0

SYSTEM

CONFIG

PRESET

AM IN PULSE IN

nSec

GHz

dBm

m

Sec

MHz

6

dB

mSec

kHz

3

%

MANUAL

Sec

Hz

8K/-

MODULATION

AM

FM

FM/ M IN

f

Series 12500A/12700A Front Panel I/O

SWEEP LOCK

CW

SWEEP

MARKER

LIST

PULSE

POWERFREQUENCY

LEVEL

LEVEL

SWEEP

ALC

OUTPUT

ON/OFF

RF ON

RF OUT

Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003 1-5

Series 12000A Microwave Synthesizers

1.3.2 I/O Connectors (Rear Panel)

This section defines the panel interface and its functions located on the rear of the Series 12000A for all
models. Some connectors are duplicates of the front panel for all models (See Figure 1-1 for reference).
The RF Out Connector is installed on the front panel unless the instrument includes Option 22, which
relocates the connector to the rear panel (See Figure 1-2 below).

TRIGGER

IN

RAMP OUT

STOP SWP

I/O

AM IN

FM M INf

PULSE IN

PM EXT

TRIG

MARKER OUT

RF OUT

TRIGGER

OUT

.5V/GHz

OUT

BLANK/

Series 12400A Rear Panel I/O Connectors

Figure 1-2: Series 12000A Rear Panel Inputs/Outputs (All Models)

AM OUT

FM OUT

PM SYNC

OUT

PM VIDEO

OUT

(RAMP OUT for Only 127XXA)

LOCK/LEVEL

ALC IN

OUT

REF IN REF OUT

AM IN

FM M INf

PULSE IN

PM EXT

TRIG

AM OUT

FM OUT

PM SYNC

OUT

PM VIDEO

OUT

TRIGGER

IN

RAMP OUT

STOP SWP

I/O

MARKER OUT

RF OUT

TRIGGER

OUT

.5V/GHz

OUT

BLANK/

Series 12500A/12700A Rear Panel I/O Connectors

LOCK/LEVEL

ALC IN

OUT

REF IN REF OUT

1-6 Publication 31231, Rev. J, October 2003