GeoDesy FSO Giga Next User Manual

. 6

Giga Ne

Users’ Manual

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H-1116 Budapest, Kondorfa str

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Xt

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Table of contents

1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 4

1.1 What is FSO?........................................................................................................... 4

1.2 Why is it important? ............................................................................................... 4

1.3 Optical Free-space Transmission .......................................................................... 6

1.4 Typical applications ................................................................................................ 7

2 Interfaces for the X Series ............................................................................................... 8

2.1 1000Mbps TP interface........................................................................................... 8

2.2 1000 Mbps FO interface ......................................................................................... 8

3 Sites of installation ........................................................................................................... 9

3.1 Key factors of operation ......................................................................................... 9

3.2 Preferred installation sites ..................................................................................... 9

3.3 Distance measurement .......................................................................................... 11

3.4 Direct sunshine ...................................................................................................... 11

4 Eye safety ........................................................................................................................ 12

5 The mounting bracket .................................................................................................... 13

5.1 Mounting brackets for the X Series .................................................................... 13

6 System installation ......................................................................................................... 15

6.1 On the table test .................................................................................................... 15

6.1.1 Alignment of the X se

How to use the alignment base .............................................................................. 16

Fine tuning ................................................................................................................. 17

6.1.2 GigaPinto-X setting at the installation site ........................................................ 17

6.1.3 Meanings of the LEDs ........................................................................................ 20

6.1.4 Connecting to your Network ............................................................................... 21

PoE 802.3 af connection. ........................................................................................... 21

System layout .............................................................................................................. 21

System scematics ........................................................................................................ 22

7 Management ................................................................................................................... 23

7.1 Features .................................................................................................................. 23

Connecting the management in the network .............................................................. 23

Login Screen and password ........................................................................................ 24

Head information screen ............................................................................................. 24

Status info screen ........................................................................................................ 25

Device setup ................................................................................................................ 26

IP Setup ....................................................................................................................... 27

SNMP Setup ............................................................................................................. 28

Security ...................................................................................................................... 29

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Network statistics page ........................................................................................... 29

Additional features ...................................................................................................... 30

GigaPinto-NEXT extra MGM functions .................................................................... 31

Mandatory Management Activation ........................................................................... 33

Firmware update ......................................................................................................... 34

7.2 Setting up SMP in the LB-View Box ................................................................ 36

7.2.1 SNMPc Installation ............................................................................................. 37

7.2.2 Configuration of the SNMPc Management console ........................................... 38

7.2.3 Compiling GeoDesy-FSO Mib file ..................................................................... 41

7.2.4 Using SNMP to monitor the link ........................................................................ 43

7.2.5 Generating failure ............................................................................................... 45

7.2.6 SNMP Technology.............................................................................................. 47

Trap event list ........................................................................................................... 54

8 Warranty conditions ....................................................................................................... 55

9 Privacy statement ........................................................................................................... 56

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1 Introduction

1.1 What is FSO?

FSO

is free space optics provides point-point broadband communications using

Laser Light as the transmission medium.

FSO

is a state of art data communication method which is based on a very old
communication solution. Ancient Chinese developed a protection system against the
Mongol tribes, building watchtowers within the line of site to other towers. And as
soon as the towers saw some hostile sign on the horizon they use they shield to
reflect the sun to the remote towers. In this way the area could be prepared against

the attack in a very short period of time.

In the ancient times for this communication use the mirror
as a transmitter and the sunlight was the light source, and
the receiver was the remote guard’s eye. This basic
signalling method was developed later into up
communication device which used „line coding”. This
allowed the guards to tell the number of enemy, or the
direction they are coming from.

FSO

Current
and a receptor diode (photo diode) to receive the signals
coming from the laser diode from the transmitter side. But
the basic elements are still the same: line of site between

the communication nodes, and individual line coding. It is all about performance.

GeoDesy FSO

the market.

offers

FSO

systems with the highest power budget available on

systems use a laser-diode as a light source,

1.2 Why is it important?

Because of in the ancient Chinese times, the rain, the fog, or even the cloudy
weather, could impact the operation of the whole system.

In the
solved, but development conditions still can impair
performance. To go throw the rain, the fog, or snow you
need more and more power to be seen from the remote
side. Achievable power levels are limited by a number of
factors including eye safety.

In this way there is no other choice to see more than
„training the eye”. Making the receiver more and more
sensitive to sense delight emitted from the remote side.

GeoDesy FSO

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FSO

units, comprising light source and receiver the cloud problem was

offers high transmit power and also

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very hard receiver sensitivity. These two factors combined to provide one of the best
performing

To meet the demands for every higher bandwidth,
continues to invest heavily in research and development with the newest product line
which offers Gigabit speeds being launched.

This manual describes the
transmission system.

The

GeoDesy FSO Next

laser transmission for two Mbps up to 1000 Mbps data to the air, where a clean line
of site is available. It delivers the most effective point-to-point connection between
computer networks or telephone exchanges.
No need for installing cables, no rental costs, no licensing requirements.

Ideal for urban areas or city centres, where the use of these lines are expensive.
Suitable for factories or industrial environments where high noise level can interfere
with the transmitted data. The best choice to make a connection across rivers and
other natural or artificial obstacles, where cable is not available.

The transmission technique used in the
transparent and wire-speed data transfer with virtually zero latency. Because they

use infrared light as the transmission medium,
require frequency licenses and the transmission is not effected by electro-magnetic

or radio-frequency interference. Basically the
considered as a virtual fibre in the air, which ends in real fibre optic cable at both
ends.
Our product is built using high quality components for operation in even the most
adverse conditions.

Metal housing gives robust, waterproof environment for the electronics.
The shield protects the device from direct sunlight and provides extra air isolation.

GeoDesy FSO

The
one at each end. The interface connections are housed in the outdoor unit together
with the PSU of the system.

Best practises were employed in cost engineering throughout the development of

GeoDesy FSO

FSO

systems on the market today.

GeoDesy FSO Next

product range offers cost effective reliable free space

X systems comprise two laser-heads

.

GeoDesy FSO

series of free space laser

GeoDesy FSO

GeoDesy FSO

GeoDesy FSO

(

Europe)

devices provides

system do not

link can be

Limited

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1.3 Optical Free-space Transmission

The principle used in free space laser transmission is very similar to the one is used
for fibre optic transmission. The difference is while fibre optic devices use electronics
and optics optimized for transmission to the air. Also one can observe to the
similarity in the transmission properties. No galvanic contact, no ground-loops, no
need for surge protection, noise immunity, long distances, high bandwidth.

What makes it unique – and difficult to design – is that it does not require any
transmission medium like fibre or copper, but it has to cope with the dynamically
changing parameters. For instance while the attenuation of an optical fibre is
constant, the attenuation of the atmosphere between the laser units can change
dramatically (depending on the weather conditions).
The laser-heads are usually placed on top of building, where the clean line of site is
guaranteed and the beam cannot be interrupted.

In the head the incoming signal is amplified, encoded, and then drives the laser­diode. The transmitter optics assures the proper beam shape and controls the beam
divergence. The receive optics perceives and directs the transmitter signal to the
photo diode. The diode converts it back into electrical, than it is decoded, amplified
and converted.

There are several things that can influence the quality of transmission. We can
classify those factors into three main groups.
System conditions - transmitting power, transmitter’s wavelength, beam divergence,
receiver optics diameter, receiver sensitivity, parameters of optical system and
casing. These parameters determine the system’s characteristic at a certain
distance and are controlled by system design and factory set up.

Weather conditions - molecular absorption, particle scattering and turbulence. These
elements have great effect on the operational conditions of the system. We do not
have very much influence on them; proper product selection can eliminate the
undesirable effects.

Environmental conditions - building movements, direct sunlight, refractive surfaces.
These are also key factors related to the installation sites and can be controlled by
appropriate site survey and system installation

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. 6

Typical applications

GeoDesy FSO

s. The system is protocol transparent, thus other applications also can be taken into

consideration. Appropriate interface converters are needed and system bandwidth

Here we collected some circumstance

is the most adequate

Areas with natural or artificial obstacles

Where only leased lines are available with

limited speed, and high rental cost. With

links you can establish on line

Where high bandwidth is required. ISP’s can offer

speed links to their customers or trunks can be

established between ISP’s instead of expensive leased lines.

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is used to interconnect LAN

ployment of the

Where cable is actually not an alternative, like across

rivers or railways or in rugged terrain.

Where you have noisy environment with high EMI or

dings, airport objects can be

Corporate

LA

ISP

1.4

Most typically the

must be matched for that.

FSO

Those are:

Next

as a cost effective solution.

Urban areas

product are

s, where the de

-

GeoDesy

GeoDesy FSO
LAN-to-LAN connections.

Industrial areas

ISP connections

high-

RFI. Factory buil
connected through laser link.

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2 Interfaces for the X Series

2.1 1000Mbps TP interface

The

GeoDesy FSO X PoE

and cost-effective solution for interconnecting Local Area Networks. By utilizing
standard Category 5e cable and using standard IEEE802.3af interface the
deployment of the system is easier than ever before. The transparent and wire
speed data transfer together with virtually zero latency assures the easy integration
of the system in all environments.

X PoE

The
installation distance between the head and the network device is 100m. The
distance on a back to back site is maximum 5 meters, between the heads without
signal regeneration.

The

X PoE

the power required for operation and the data. The system requires IEEE 802.3af
Power over Ethernet switch or power injector. The power consumption suits to the
standards described in the standard. Also provides fast and easy connection for the
management system for more details please see the chapters below. The system is

certified

systems should be considered as repeaters in the network. So the

systems connecting to the network with two RJ 45 cable which provides

Class 1M product

series products are designed to provide easy-to-use

, this way 100% eye safe.

2.2 1000 Mbps FO interface

As a new feature the GeoDesy FSO Giga Next POE system is ready to be upgraded
with Single or Multi mode SC fiber interface with SX or LX option.

The power is provided via the same cable as in the case of the TP interface
systems.

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3 Sites of installation

3.1 Key factors of operation

There are four key issues that the site survey has to shed light on. Proper system
operation cannot be guaranteed without satisfying all of the four requirements.

Clear line of sight

of any obstacles. It not only means that one has to see the other side, but other
possible sources of disturbance should also be taken into consideration. For
example there might be turbulence above the roofs and other constructions, and this
can cause fraction or scattering of the beam or snow accumulation on roofs too
close to the beam can influence or even interrupt communication.

Solid mount surface

the beam is limited, it is extremely important to mount the unit on a stable structure
with the possible smallest movement. This way the receiver of the remote unit
cannot get out of the beam due to the movement of the opposite head.

East-West orientation

filters to protect the receiver diode from the effect of undesired light sources, direct
sunshine can cause saturation of the diode. This prevents the system from working
properly for several minutes a day at certain times of the year. In most cases this
effect can be avoided by careful selection of the mounting spot.

In order to comply with the requirements of the successful installation - including the
discussed four key factors and other criteria - the following matters should be taken
into consideration.

- The entire optical path between the two ends must be free

- is the key for long-term operation. Since the diameter of

- although the receiver optics are equipped with optical

3.2 Preferred installation sites

All buildings and constructions have a certain movement of their own. It’s
determined by the structure and material of the building. Metal structures can shift or
twist due to temperature changes. Wooden construction can expand or shrink with
any changes in humidity. Give preference to concrete or brick buildings. On the
other hand high structures like towers, skyscrapers or poles are always subject to
movement. Mount the support frame to walls of the building or near corners, as they
are the most stable spots. Use appropriate consoles for wall mounting. If a stand is
used on the top of
building, secure it directly to the ceiling or to the concrete cornice wherever is
possible. Do not fix stands to insulating materials as they can slowly sink under the
weight of the unit and with temperature changes. Big chimneys and smokestacks
may look stable, but as their inner temperature varies they can also move. Vibration
caused by heavy traffic, trains and elevators etc. may slowly move the system out of
its specified direction. Another important consideration is to provide enough space

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Preferred installation

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for alignment and to have the potential for future maintenance. Consider that the
support frame is usually heavy, so the selected spot should be easily accessible.

Pay attention to Avoid (*)

sites

Concrete wall Behind window Soft materials
Brick wall Old constructs Chimneys
Microwave towers Wooden constructs
Metal masts or Frames
Hidden heat isolations,

like Styrofoam

(*)
In cases where installations are listed under “AVOID” cannot be avoided than special mounting
accessories to be designed and special installations must be used.

It is not only the building that has to be solid, but the support structure too. Antenna
poles and security camera holders are not suitable for the

GeoDesy FSO

units.

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3.3 Distance measurement

Because the units were designed, and calibrated for certain distance operations the
higher distance will decrease the availability. GeoDesy FSO pre-calibrates and pre­tests every unit shipped to the customer. To ensure that the unit you are about to

buy fits to the needs, the first step
is to measure the distance. The
best way to measure it is by GPS
(Global Positioning
System), these units
are accurate enough to
determine the distance
between two points.
For more details
please refer to the
GPS manufacturer
handbook. Also there are several
other ways to measure the
distance. If you know the exact

address you can use mapping software like MapPoint or Auto route.

3.4 Direct sunshine

To prevent the sun shining directly
into the receiver optics, first one
has to determine the orientation of
the link. Try to avoid East-West
orientation wherever it is possible.
Examine both sides of the link at
sunset and sunrise and find a
position where the sun cannot get
behind any of the heads. Be aware
that the path of the sun is changing
throughout the year.

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. 6

There are no two installation spots of the same kind, the buildings or structures, the

available space and the accessibility of the place will be different

Nevertheless, as a general rule it is very important to select the installation site so

that nobody can look directly into the transmitter. For this reason place the head

either so high (on the side wall of the building) or so close to the ed

(on a parapet on the rooftop) that no person can approach it accidentally and can

get into the beam path. Set up barriers if necessary and put warning signs at

The laser heads are provided with all labels and hazard war

laser standard. There are warning labels on both the left and right side of the

protective cover next to the optical window and there is a warning and an informative

label on the rear side of the laser head.

INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION

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48VDC IEEE 802.3af compilant

Manufactured by: GeoDesy FSO 1162 Budapest,

-

www.GeoDesy FSO.com

ge of the building

nings required by the

4 Eye safety

prominent places.

in each case.

7440 Fax.:[phone]

DO NOT VIEW DIRECTLY WITH

OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS

CLASS 1M LASER PRODUCT

Type : LB X-0200-E1000TP/FO
S/ : LBH-«s/n»

Input Power : ­Laser : 1M
Wavelength : 785nm

Kondorfa u. 6-8, HUNGARY, Tel.:+36-1-453

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5 The mounting bracket

In the following chapter you will find detailed description of the bracket fastenings.

5.1 Mounting brackets for the X Series

GeoDesy FSO

for X series units. A simple fixing technique of this bracket can be seen on the
following figure, required tools are as follows:

- drilling machine

- 10 mm wrench

provides the mounting bracket and all the necessary components

Bracket sizes:

Length: 463mm
Leg Width: 263mm
Head Width: 130mm
Drill size: 10mm wall drilling

Installation steps:

• Place the bracket on the wall

• Mark the wall with a permanent marker

• Use your 10mm wall drill to drill all of the holes into the wall

• Clean the holes

• Place the wall-plugs into the holes (please note that some times you need to

use hammer to put the wall-plugs into the hole, if you have to please be
careful not to break the wall-plug )
Place the bracket to the wall an line it up to the holes

•

• Put the screws into the wall-plug through the hole on the leg of the bracket

(please see the figure above)

• Tighten up the screws

Packet list for the bracket:

3pcs 8x110 screw for bracket fixing

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3pcs 8x100 plastic wall-plug for bracket fixing

2pcs M6x90 bolt Head fixing
3pcs M6x25 screw Head fixing
3pcs M6 bolt head fixing
6pcs 6mm spacer bracket and head fixing
6pcs 6mm spring spacer bracket and head fixing

Mounting Hole Patterns

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6 System installation

6.1 On the table test

Warning!

this distance even the reflected laser beam can be dangerous to your eyes.
Operating the system on much shorter distance than presumed originally can cause
saturation or even permanent damage to the receiver. Always use optical
attenuators for this kind of test.
The on-the-table test needs careful planning and careful use during the test period.
The units should be placed at about 2 m distance from each other with optical
windows facing one another. Put an appropriate optical attenuator (Attenuating foil
or cardboard with several small holes) between the heads. Make all the necessary
connection as described below to connect your network equipment (computer or
protocol analyzer) to the heads and power up the units. Turn ON the Outdoor
Interconnection Units and check if the power LED is ON on the head.
You should be able to align the units without any tool and get full received level on
the signal strength LED’s. Make sure that the “Saturation” indicator is OFF. Adjust
your attenuators if necessary to avoid saturation of the receivers.

Please note that at this short distance, specially the longer distance links can reflect
to the remote site or even to the same head. If you experience full receiving level,
with no traffic throughput, in that case try to move the heads slightly units out of the
reflection zone.

Please also take in consideration that the laser beam is concentrated and in such a
short distance can harm your eyes, every time you test the units on short distance,
do it with extra care. Never look into the sighting device if the remote laser is turned
on. We strongly suggest to double check the power connection before you turn on
the device. Handle the power connection with extra care. Safety first.

After obtaining the desired received level, check the data connection between
devices. Using computers or appropriate testing devices.
On the table tests are perfect for troubleshooting (If there is a transmission problem,
check the status of the connecting devices (e.g. Link signal or cable polarity) and
cables.) in a controlled area. If you experience some problems during the test,
please try to test the connected equipments with a direct connection.

Do not look either into the transmitter or the receiver optics because at

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6.1.1 Alignment of the X series

The first step after the unit was placed to

Power

Local level

RX OK TP-LK FO-LK R-V/TP

the bracket, and turns the units facing
each other.

On the back of the receiver

Remote level

you can find the LEDs for the local
received level and the remote received level. This help will be very
useful because as soon as you have received – which is very easy to
achieve – you can see the effect of your local sides movement to the
other side. For further information please check the Meanings of the
LEDs chapter.

How to use the alignment base

1. Loose the Coarse locker on the
horizontal as well as on the
vertical side with a 10mm
spanner

2. Move the head left - right up

down you should use the built in
telescope to lit up a few LEDs on
the remote end.

3. When you have lined the unit up

to a rough position lock the
coarse locker with a 10mm
spanner.

epeat step 1-4 on the remote

4. R

end.

5. On the bottom of the unit you
can find fine tuning screws one for horizontal and one for vertical.

6. No tightening is needed on any other screw than the coarse locker.

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Fine tuning

1. Site A start moving the
laserhead with the
horizontal fine adjustment
screw by looking at the
Remote end received
level

2. Using the fine adjustment
screws, lighten as many
LEDs as possible

3. Repeat step 1-2 on Site B.

f necessary try step 1-2

4. I

on both sites again.

6.1.2 GigaPinto-X setting at the installation site

The installation of the GigaPinto-X is as described above with the only difference
that the two transmitters can be moved separately. (use only if there is no
connection between the two heads or they need adjustment). During installation the
motor control has to be switched off. It can be switched off by making an unfinished
booting.
Transmitter setting screws can be approached after removing the 4 screws on the
front of the head. See image:

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The transmitters can be moved both in vertical and horizontal directions. See image:

Important to note that we need a minimum 35cm long philips screw driver. When the
screws are fitted the transmitters should be covered in the least necessary grade.

e fine adjustment should be done by Geodesy-FSO trained engineers

Th
only. Unauthorized access might cause permanent damage, or calibration
error to the laserhead.

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Note: Geodesy FSO shall not be responsible for any failures from improper handling of the
device. If any other screw than the coarse lockers or the fine adjustment is moved, might
decrease the stability of the installation.

Trick for the reliable alignment

Please note that the beam has a powerfull ring on the side of the head and easily can be

help. Or contact GeoDesy FSO technical support.

set to this ring but this is far not as big as the core
part of the beam. So every time you have an
alignment please make sure that when you see the
maximum LED s or a relativly high received level.
Keep on moving to determine where the core part of
the beam is. This can be done easily by looking at
the received level you will see that the received level moves up then it will start move
down than up again. During this time you just had the head moving into one direction. If
you have any doubt on how to do the alignment please contact your distributor for further

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19

. 6

Meanings of the LEDs

Received beam is good for communication

Copper link between the head and the Network equipment.

interface can be synchronized to remote side’s clocking signal.

(green)

synchronization is faulty (generally faulty GBIC module

Received level

The 10 th LED has three functions showing that the recived level reached its

optimum this is green, it maximum it is yellow or the receiver got saturated and this

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remote side isconnected to the

6.1.3

Power:

The head is powered up.

RX-OK:

TP Lk:

R-LS:

Red if the Gigabit

RV/T-LS:

Remote side is Visible
local side see page 23
Red if the GBIC

Top Level LEDs:

Local Received level

Bottom Level LEDs:

.

if the management of

)

Remote Sites

10th LED:

is red

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. 6

8. Brown

-

VIN

Connecting to your Network

connection.

PoE system is connected to the network via

The first cable

for the

The second

connection point

Please see the connectio

Telefon: 06

info@geodesy

http://www.

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management data

plug houses the Gigabit TP or the Fibre optic

IEEE802.3af connector layout.

6.1.4

PoE 802.3 af

3. Green/White RX+

4. Blue +VIN

5. Blue/White +VIN

6. Green RX-

7. Brown/White -VIN

System layout

2. Orange TX

cable.

1. Orange/White TX+

provides the power and the

GeoDesy FSO Giga Next laser head

of the

two twisted pair

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. 6

To the mains

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LAN

System scematics

P

GigaBit Data TP /FO

t
n
e

m
e

g
a
n
a

M
+

r

o

w

e

r

+

M

a

n

a

g

LAN 1

e

m

e

n

t

POE Injector

Management connection to the

Management connection to the

network

network

To the mains

POE Injector

Internet

firewall

e

w
o
P

GigaBit Data TP /FO

2

GeoDesy Kft.
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7 Management

7.1 Features

The Inband network-monitoring unit is a newly developed highly featured monitoring
for GeoDesy FSO manufactured laser links. This high quality equipment allows the
user to monitor the link statuses such as detector voltage transmitter status, and
many other features of the Laser link. Nevertheless, this chapter is intended to
describe the usage of this network monitoring, and its connection and relationship
with the GeoDesy FSO laserheads.

Connecting the management in the network

On the bottom of the device there are two IP67 RJ45 plug. Plug Nr1 (left hand side)
connects the power supply unit and the management. Plug Nr2 connects the data
flow. To enable the remote display on the system, please connect the cable to the
network switch where port Nr2 is connected.

For details return to page 32.The Monitoring system is a fully function feature in the
Giga Next systems. It needs activation. For activation, please make a note ot the
serial number and and contact GeoDesy FSO technical support, for activation code.

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Login Screen and password

The GeoDesy FSO unit arrives with preset values. Such
as user name and password. We strongly recommend
you to change the password after the unit was installed.
The default username is admin, and the password is
admin. If you forget your password contact technical
support to receive your fail-safe password.

Head information screen

The head information screen is the main navigation panel through this screen you
will be able to navigate into the submenu, of the monitoring system.

Device Name: displays the name of the device. Individually can be changed

System Uptime: Diplays the elapsed time from the last boot of the device

IP address: Displays the IP(Internet Protocol) address of the device which must be a
unique identifier in the network.

Managed head: displays the managed head type.

Head Serial Number: This is the head serial number and during the Activation
process we will ask for this number.

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Status info screen

Clicking on the Device Setup you will enter the main status information screen,
which will give you good summarized information of the device, such as status
information of the transmitters, detector level, or temperature values.

Laser ON: Transmitter transmitts

Laser OK: Transmitter works properly, transmitts and the transmitted signal is valid.

Temperature: ambient temperature inside the device. These units were designed for
extreme conditions and should not have any problems under -20C to 70C. In fact the
unit is emitting some heat so the temperature displayed is not the air temperature
outside the head. For example the temperature can be -10C outside but in the
device it wont go below -1 or -2. The value will display error depeding on the setting
was done device setup. There is no default value for this setting, only a suggested
value, which is 60C.

Detector level: shows the local heads received level. In volts, the maximum is 7 volts
and the minimum is 0.2 volts. The value will display error depeding on the setting
was done device setup.

Remote Detector level: this value is dispalyed form reception of the remote head.
The maximum is 7 volts and the minimum is 0.2 volts.

TP_Link: displays that there is connection over the TP cable.

FSO Link: displays that there is valid signal received from the remote end.

Remote is visible: this status information is a good information about the connection
over the two laserheads if this status is OK that means that there is data transferred
over the link.

Remote TP Link: shows that whether the remote end is connected into the switch
and the TP interface is available.

PSU: The PSU of the device is sending the OK signal.

RX OK: this information is showing that the receiver is enabled. It basically means
that there is valid signal with necessary strenght is received in the local end.

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Device setup

The device setup screen leads you to the main monitoring options. Here the alarms
can be set and main information about the Laser head.

Device name: uniqe identifier of
the device

Managed head: Type of the laserhead

Detector alert level: when the
received level reach this value,
the alarm will be triggered.

Temperature alert level: when the temperature reach this value, the alarm will be
triggered.

Auto MDI/MDI-X: this enables
the Auto setting for the
MDI/MDI-X, some old switch
types might report
incompatibility here it can be switched off. (Auto MDI/MDI-X can be turned off even
in the Xs systems)

Motherboard Firmware version: This is the version number of the Firmware For the
update procedure please referr to the Firmware update section.

File image version: Version number of the file image

Motherboard Serial number: Mainboard serial number inside the head (Not the same
as the Head Serial Number)

Head Serial number: Serial number of the unit. Should be the same number as the
one on the back of the unit. If the number is missing or not match up with the one on
the back, during activation this is the number you will have to let the support know.

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IP Setup

Clicking on the IP Setup link you can have access to the Ethernet module of the
system, this will make easy access to the IP number and/or port settings. These
settings are sensitive setting and some of them cannot be restored by the user.
Please always do the changes with extra care! If you have doubt in any step, do not
hesitate to contact the technical support of the manufacturer website for further
information.

Local IP: the IP address of the local
device can be set in this box. If the IP
address is set retype it to your browser.
Enter only valid IP addresses, if you forget the IP address, you will have to turn to
our support and in some cases return the device for reseting the IP address. Please
always do the IP change with care.

Subnet mask: you can set the subnet
mask of the local device.

Default gateway: The default getway
setting for the local device.

Remote IP:This will tell this device what
the IP address of the remote device is.
This setting wont change the remote
units IP address, this just identify the remote device for the local device. If the IP
address is not valid all diplays will go error and the display of the remote sites
received level on the laserhead will be disabled!

SWAP: swaps the local and the remote IP address. This function will require a swap
on the remote end to make the entire system working. If this function is used restart
the system.

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SNMP Setup

One of the main features of the device is the SNMP(Simple Network Monitoring
Protocol). The SNMP settings can be set on this page.

Trap address: The IP address of the SNMP trap over the network.

Trap events in the system you have
possibility to setup three different trap
event.
For further details on the trap event see
Trap event list chapter of this book. In this section there are the settings of the
SNMP Agent.

SNMP trap address: IP address of the
SNMP tarp computer

Read Community and Read Write
community To the setup of the Read
and the Read-Write community, the
preset value is public

Agent UDP Port the SNMP agent UDP
port number (1Q1000) the preset value
is 162

Trap UDP Port: the SNMP trap UDP
port number (1Q1000) the preset value
is 161

Traps:
The Laserhead is sending two different traps:

LaserHeadAlarm

of the alarms will go on (for alarm setting please see chapter 5.4)
LaserHeadAlarmCancel (OID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.17857.0.1202) After the alarm goes off
this trap will be sent

(OID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.17857.0.1201) This trap will be sent after any

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Security

On the security section you can set the username and the password for the unit. If
you have forget the usernam and/or the password please contact The technical
support.

Network statistics page

As a new feature of the Next series of products, you can monitor the live traffic flows
over the link. These figures are showing the reception on a port of FO(fibre optic
from the remote end) or TP(Twisted pair, form the local connected equipment).

Unicast: sending of information packets to a single destination

Multicast: is the delivery of information to a group of destinations simultaneously
using the most efficient strategy to deliver the messages over each link of the
network only once and only create copies when the links to the destinations split.
The word "Multicast" is typically used to refer to IP Multicast, the implementation of
the multicast concept on the IP routing level, where routers create optimal spanning
tree distribution paths for datagram sent to a multicast destination address in real­time. But there are also other implementations of the multicast distribution strategy
listed below.

Broadcast: refers to transmitting a packet that will be received (conceptionally) by
every device on the network. In practice, the scope of the broadcast is limited to a
broadcast domain. Not all computer networks support broadcasting; for example,
neither X.25 nor frame relay supply a broadcast capability, nor is there any form of
Internet-wide broadcast. Broadcasting is largely confined to local area network
(LAN) technologies, most notably Ethernet and Token Ring, where the performance
impact of broadcasting is not as large as it would be in a wide area network. Both
Ethernet and IPv4 use an all-ones broadcast address to indicate a broadcast packet.

Fragments: datagram can be fragmented into pieces small enough to pass over a
link with a smaller MTU than the original datagram size.

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Jabber: transmission of a packet on a computer network that is larger than the
network's MTU. Such transmissions hog bandwidth and congest the network. Many
network switches have a built-in capability to detect when a device is jabbering and
block it until it resumes proper operation.
Alignment error:Decoded package alignment is faulty.
Symbol error: Coding symbol is missing or faulty.
CRC error: cyclic redundancy check is a type of hash function used to produce a
checksum – a small, fixed number of bits – against a block of data, such as a packet
of network traffic or a block of a computer file. The checksum is used to detect errors
after transmission or storage. A CRC is computed and appended before
transmission or storage, and verified afterwards by the recipient to confirm that no
changes occurred on transit. CRCs are popular because they are simple to
implement in binary hardware, are easy to analyze mathematically, and are
particularly good at detecting common errors caused by noise in transmission
channel.

Additional features

On the Additional features page you will be able to set a remote or a local loopback. Please
note that enabling the Loopback mode will cause outage in the transmission. The loopback
mode is for troubleshooting purposes only.

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GigaPinto-EXT extra MGM functions

Additional functions

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Transmitter on and off: you can switch the transmitters on and off separately.

ACM: (aperture control mechanism)

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Default: auto mode, the system will automatically regulate the incoming light to the
optimal level of Udet, preventing the system to get oversaturated.

Manual: The incoming light can be regulated manually, the use of the manual mode
is strongly suggested during installation. The controller won’t start the regulation of
the incoming light, so the alignment will be much more accurate. (it can be set by
doing an unfinished booting during log in so we do not have to log on to the web
during the installation process).

Calibrating: it is an extra service. The attenuation can be set manually (according to
the scale) and the motor can also be skipped manually via the web. In order to see
where the motor is there are cadences. The system has to make a calibration of the
length of the circuit between the two end station in order to see how many steps are
left. Follow-up calibration can be made with the calibrate button.

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Mandatory Management Activation

Thank you for buying our product. Please read this note carefully. From software
version (3.2.1218/R090x)!
The product you have bought has fully functional management software, which has
limitation only in time. The unit activation request should be sent to

[e-mail]. And the activation code will be issued, later and sent

to the email address give, or can be accessed from your local distributor.

After 90 days if the system was not activated the data transmission will be

degraded!

Activation process:

1. Login to the devices through a web browser using the
IP:192.168.100.220,192.168.100.221

2. Default login name:admin and password:admin

3. Click on Evaluation period

4. Click on Get a key

5. Fill in the table and click on send

6. We will return the activation key

Limitations:

- All Next-Series(100MB/s) limitation course 1-60 days unlimited, for 61-80 days
10MB/s, for 81-90 days 1MB/s, beyond 90 days 100KB/s (MGM-Option).

- All GigaNext-Series(1000 MB/s) will be limited after the 90th day, when the whole

ndwidth will be blocked, except the management system.

ba

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Firmware update

The firmware update has the following steps:

Run FTP client
Log-in to the Laser-head
Copy Geodesy_FWUpdate_Vxx.sys over
Log in the laserhead
Click on update
Wait 50-60 seconds
Restart the laserhead

Run FTP client
FTP client setup
IP address: the IP address of the device (192.168.100.220 or 192.168.100.221 as a
factory default ) or the IP address you gave to the system earlier – same as the IP
address for the Web management.

User name: same as for the web management (default admin)
Password: same as for the web management (default admin)

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If you have passive mode please turn it off, otherwise the system will not connect.

copy the file over to the Laserhead

Log off the FTP server

Now the Update button will be active

Click on update and the update process will start it takes upto 60 seconds. The
LEDs on the back of the device will go off than lit one after the other.

Make sure that the system power is fixed and the power will not go off during the
update process. If the LEDs froze, wait 2-3 minutes before unplugging the power
cable, and repluging again.

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. 6

Setting up SNMP in the LB

Please check the LB view manual for details how to proceed to this point

On Figure 1 you can see our test setting. The LB

of the alarms will go on (for alarm setting please see chapter

(OID:

1.3.6.1.4.1.17857.0.1103) This trap is being sent when the

Even if you have one laerhead attached to one L

network you can generate traps without, causing any problems, with the testing.

For these testing purposes please set Alarm1 to RS485(this will generate traps), and

Alarm2 Alarm3 to transmitter(this wont generate traps, so w

On figure 2 the settings can be seen.

Change the Trap address to the MGM console IP address which will have the

Enabled must be set to on the function will disable the SNMP

After this was set the LB view is ready to send out the Trap messages, to the Trap

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View is sending 3 traps

1.3.6.1.4.1.17857.0.1201) This trap will be sent after any

1.3.6.1.4.1.17857.0.1202) After the alarm goes off

View, or you are on the live

ont disturb the testing)

agent.

7.2

LaserHeadAlarm (OID:

LaserHeadAlarmCancel

this trap will be sent
DeviceDown (OID:
SNMP agent is disabled

-View Box

1. Figure

-

5.4)

B-

SMNPc installed

Addressed PC

GeoDesy Kft.
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2. Figure

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7.2.1 SNMPc Installation

First run snmpc600eval.exe file from the CD.

Run through the setup process by clicking next

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When the setup asks for the discovery seed
enter you own IP address, Subnet mask a
community

After the setup was finished hit OK. Your PC might ask for a restart, in that cases
please restart your PC

SNMPC

7.2.2 Configuration of the SNMPc Management console

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Click on Start => Programs => SNMPc network manager => Startup system. This
will start the SNMPc Management console. Can be seen on Figure 3

3. Figure

To add the LB-View to the console click on Insert => Map Object => Device. As it is
shown on Figure 4

4. Figure

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After the Map Onject was added, the properties should be set:
Label : GeoDesy-FSO MGM (cannot contain spaces, or special caracters) see
Figure

On the Access Tab
Read Access Mode: SNMPV1
Read/Write Access Mode: SNMPV1
Read community: public
Read/Write Community: public
Trap community: public
The rest of the setting can be left on factory default.

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7.2.3 Compiling GeoDesy-FSO Mib file

First copy the Mib file (GeoDesy-FSO.mib [Source: CD:\Mib\V07\GeoDesy­FSO.mib]). Copy this file over to : C:\Program Files\SNMPc Network
Manager\mibfiles\
To Compile the MIB file to the SNMPc Click on Config=>Mib Database

After opening the Mib Database, you should add the MIB file to the Database:
Click on Add. Add Mib files: find GeoDesy-FSO.mib, then click OK

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After you hit OK you have added the Mib file to the database now you will have to
compile it to the management console. So find again GeoDesy-FSO.mib and
highlight it. Than Hit compile. It will ask you whether you want to compile it click on
Yes.

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7.2.4 Using SNMP to monitor the link

First click on the GeoDesy-FSO Object to highlight it.
Open mgmt/system/SystemInfo right click on the object and view Table

This table will show you the main System information Table:

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To see the head entries open: private/GeoDesy-FSO/headData
Right click on the head entry table and view table.

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Now the SNMP is completely set up.

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7.2.5 Generating failure

While the SNMP is working, if you would like to see that actually, it really does what
it suppose to be, unplug the RJ11 (RS485) cable from the LB-View.

After a few seconds the trap message should arrive to your PC.

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After reconnecting the RS485 cable the trap message should arrive that the alarm
was canceled
You can acknowledge the alarm with a right click on the alarm.

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7.2.6 SNMP Technology

SNMP is part of the Internet network management architecture. This architecture is
based on the interaction of many entities, as described in the following section.

The Internet Management Model

As specified in Internet RFCs and other documents, a network management system
comprises:

Network elements -- Sometimes called managed devices, network elements are
hardware devices such as computers, routers, and terminal servers that are
connected to networks.

Agents -- Agents are software modules that reside in network elements. They collect
and store management information such as the number of error packets received by
a network element.

Managed object -- A managed object is a characteristic of something that can be
managed. For example, a list of currently active TCP circuits in a particular host
computer is a managed object. Managed objects differ from variables, which are
particular object instances. Using our example, an object instance is a single active
TCP circuit in a particular host computer. Managed objects can be scalar (defining a
single object instance) or tabular (defining multiple, related instances).

Management information base (MIB) -- A MIB is a collection of managed objects
residing in a virtual information store. Collections of related managed objects are
defined in specific MIB modules.

Syntax notation -- A syntax notation is a language used to describe a MIB's
managed objects in a machine-independent format. Consistent use of a syntax
notation allows different types of computers to share information. Internet
management systems use a subset of the International Organization for
Standardization's (ISO's) Open System Interconnection (OSI) Abstract Syntax
Notation 1 (ASN.1) to define both the packets exchanged by the management
protocol and the objects that are to be managed.

Structure of Management Information (SMI) -- The SMI defines the rules for
describing management information. The SMI is defined using ASN.1.

Network management stations (NMSs) -- Sometimes called consoles, these devices
execute management applications that monitor and control network elements.
Physically, NMSs are usually engineering workstation-caliber computers with fast
CPUs, megapixel color displays, substantial memory, and abundant disk space. At
least one NMS must be present in each managed environment.

Parties -- Newly defined in SNMPv2, a party is a logical SNMPv2 entity that can
initiate or receive SNMPv2 communication. Each SNMPv2 party comprises a single,

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. 6

unique party identity, a logical network location, a single authentication protocol, and

a single privacy protocol. SNMPv2 messages are communicated between two

parties. An SNMPv2 entity can

parameters. For example, different parties can use different authentication and/or

privacy protocols.

A management protocol is used to convey management

information between agents and N

standard management protocol.

The most basic elements of the Internet management model are graphically

Figure 1: The Internet Management Model

Interactions between the NMS an

To monitor managed devices, NMSs read variables maintained by the

To control managed devices, NMSs write variables stored within the

NMSs use these operations to determine which variables a

managed device supports and to sequentially gather information from variable tables

(such as IP routing tables) in managed devices

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define multiple parties, each with different

MSs. SNMP is the Internet community's de facto

d managed devices can be any of four different

Management protocol --

represented in Figure 1.

types of commands:

Reads -­devices
Writes -­managed devices
Traversal operations --

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Traps -- Managed devices use traps to asynchronously report certain events to
NMSs

MIBs and Object Identifiers

A MIB can be depicted as an abstract tree with an unnamed root. Individual data
items make up the leaves of the tree. Object identifiers (IDs) uniquely identify or
name MIB objects in the tree. Object IDs are like telephone numbers -- they are
organized hierarchically with specific digits assigned by different organizations.
The object ID structure of an SNMP MIB defines three main branches: Consultative
Committee for International Telegraph and Telephone (CCITT), International
Organization for Standardization (ISO), and joint ISO/CCITT. Much of the current
MIB activity occurs in the portion of the ISO branch defined by object identifier

1.3.6.1 and dedicated to the Internet community.

The current Internet-standard MIB, MIB-II, is defined in RFC 1213 and contains 171
objects. These objects are grouped by protocol (including TCP, IP, User Datagram
Protocol [UDP], SNMP, and others) and other categories, including "system" and
"interfaces."

SMI Definitions

The SMI specifies that all managed objects should have a name, a syntax, and an
encoding. The name is the object ID, which was discussed in the preceding section.
The syntax defines the object's data type (for example, "integer" or "string"). A
subset of ASN.1 definitions are used for the SMI syntax. The encoding describes
how the information associated with the managed object is formatted as a series of
data items for transmission on the network. Another ISO specification, called the
Basic Encoding Rules (BERs), details SMI encodings.

SMI data types are divided into three categories: simple types, application-wide
types, and simply constructed types.

Simple types include four primitive ASN.1 types:

Integers -- Unique values that are positive or negative whole numbers, including
zero.

Octet strings -- Unique values that are an ordered sequence of zero or more octets.

Object IDs -- Unique values from the set of all object identifiers allocated according

to the rules specified in ASN.1.

Bit strings -- New in SNMPv2, these comprise zero or more named bits that specify
a value.

Application-wide data types refer to special data types defined by the SMI:

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Network addresses -- Represent an address from a particular protocol family.
Counters -- Non-negative integers that increment by positive one until they reach a

maximum value, when they are reset to zero. The total number of bytes received on
an interface is an example of a counter. In SNMPv1, counter size was not specified.
In SNMPv2, 32-bit and 64-bit counters are defined.

Gauges -- Non-negative integers that can increase or decrease, but latch at a
maximum value. The length of an output packet queue (in packets) is an example of
a gauge.

Time ticks -- Hundredths of a second since an event. The time since an interface
entered its current state is an example of a tick.

Opaque -- Represents an arbitrary encoding. This data type is used to pass arbitrary
information strings that do not conform to the strict data typing used by the SMI.
Integer -- Represents signed, integer-valued information. This data type redefines
the ASN.1 "integer" simple data type, which has arbitrary precision in ASN.1 but
bounded precision in the SMI.

Unsigned integer -- Represents unsigned integer-valued information. It is useful
when values are always non-negative. This data type redefines the ASN.1 "integer"
simple data type, which has arbitrary precision in ASN.1 but bounded precision in
the SMI.

Simply constructed types include two ASN.1 types that define multiple objects in
tables and lists:

Row -- References a row in a table. Each element of the row can be a simple type or
an application-wide type.

Table -- References a table of zero or more rows. Each row has the same number of
columns.

ISO document 8825 (Specification of Basic Encoding Rules for ASN.1) defines ISO's
BERs. The BERs allow dissimilar machines to exchange management information
by specifying both the position of each bit within the transmitted octets and the
structure of the bits. Bit structure is conveyed by describing the data type, length,
and value.

The SMI for SNMPv2 includes two documents: RFCs 1443 and 1444. RFC 1443
(Textual Conventions) defines the data types used within the MIB modules, while
RFC 1444 (Conformance Statements) provides an implementation baseline. The
SNMPv2 SMI also defines two new branches of the Internet MIB tree: security
(1.3.6.1.5) and SNMPv2 (1.3.6.1.6).

SNMP Operations

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SNMP itself is a sim

ple request/response protocol. NMSs can send multiple

requests without receiving a response. Six SNMP operations are defined:

Allows the NMS to retrieve an object instance from the agent.

Allows the NMS to retrieve the next object insta

within an agent. In SNMPv1, when an NMS wants to retrieve all elements of a table

from an agent, it initiates a Get operation, followed by a series of GetNext

New for SNMPv2. The GetBulk operation was added

acquire large amounts of related information without initiating repeated get

operations. GetBulk was designed to virtually eliminate the need for GetNext

Allows the NMS to set values for object instances within an agent.

Used by the agent to asynchronously Inform the NMS of some event. The

SNMPv2 trap message is designed to replace the SNMPv1 trap message.

New for SNMPv2. The Inform

send trap information to another.

SNMPv1 messages (packets) contain two parts

. The second part contains the actual SNMP protocol data

he operation to be performed ("Get," "Set," and so on) and the

object instances involved in the operation.

Figure 3: SNMP v1 Message Format

* Trap messages have a slightly different format; for information on this format,

consult the appropriate SNMP specification.

The version field is used to ensure that all network elements are running software

based on the same SNMP version. The communit

environment for a set of NMSs using that community name. NMSs within the

community can be said to exist within the same administrative domain. Because

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nce from a table or list

to make it easier to

operation was added to allow one NMS to

. The first part contains a

illustrates the SNMPv1 message

y name assigns an access

Get -­GetNext --

operations.

GetBulk --

operations.

Set -­Trap --

Inform --

and a community name
unit (PDU) specifying t

format.

-next

1

version

Figure 3

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devices that do not know the proper community name are precluded from SNMP

opera

tions, network management personnel also have used the community name as

a weak form of authentication.

The SNMP PDU has the following fields:

Specifies the type of PDU being transmitted.

Associates requests with responses.

Indicates an error and an error type. In SNMPv2 GetBulk operations,

this field becomes a NonRepeaters field. For these operations, this field defines the

ed variables listed that should be retrieved no more than once

the beginning of the request. The field is used when some of the variables are

scalar objects with only one variable.

Associates the error with a particular object instance. In SNMPv2

GetBulk operations, this field becomes a Max Repetition

this field defines the maximum number of times that other variables beyond those

specified by the NonRepeaters field should be retrieved.

Comprises the data of an SNMP PDU. Variable bindings

articular object instances with their current values.

Like SNMPv1 messages, SNMPv2 messages (shown in

The second part of the SNMPv2 message (the PDU) is virtually identical to that of an

SNMPv1 message (see the previous descr

The first part of the SNMPv2 message contains the majority of the differences

between SNMPv1 and SNMPv2.

Figure 4: SNMP v2 Message Format

SNMPv2 message is often called a

authentication and privacy information in the form of destination and source parties.

As mentioned earlier, a party includes the specification of both an authentication and

a privacy protocol. In addition to a destination and a sourc

. A context specifies the managed objects visible to an operation.

The authentication protocol is designed to reliably identify the integrity of the

originating SNMPv2 party. It consists of authentication information

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s field. For these operations,

) contain two parts.

iption of an SNMP PDU for differences).

. The wrapper includes

e party, the wrapper

PDU type -­Request-ID -­Error-status --

number of request­from

Error-index --

Variable-bindings --

associate p

Figure 4

The first part of a

includes a context

wrapper

required to

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support the authentication protocol used. The privacy protocol is designed to protect
information within the SNMPv2 message from disclosure. Only authenticated
messages can be protected from disclosure. In other words, authentication is
required for privacy.

The SNMPv2 specifications discuss two primary security protocols: one for
authentication and one for privacy. These are the Digest Authentication Protocol and
the Symmetric Privacy Protocol.

The Digest Authentication Protocol verifies that the message received is the same
one that was sent. Data integrity is protected using a 128-bit message digest
calculated according to the Message Digest 5 (MD5) algorithm. The digest is
calculated at the sender and enclosed with the SNMPv2 message. The receiver
verifies the digest. A secret value, known only to the sender and the receiver, is
prefixed to the message. After the digest is used to verify message integrity, the
secret value is used to verify the message's origin.

To help ensure message privacy, the Symmetric Privacy Protocol uses a secret
encryption key known only to the sender and the receiver. Before the message is
authenticated, this protocol uses the Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm to
effect privacy. DES is a documented National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST) and American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard.

Originally, SNMPv1 specified that SNMP should operate over the User Datagram
Protocol (UDP) and IP. The SNMPv2 transport mapping document (RFC 1449)
defines implementations of SNMP over other transport protocols, including OSI
Connectionless Network Service (CLNS), AppleTalk's Datagram Delivery Protocol
(DDP), and Novell's Internet Packet Exchange (IPX). RFC 1449 also includes
instructions on how to provide a SNMPv1 proxy and use of the BER. UDP/IP is still
SNMPv2's preferred transport mapping because UDP is compatible with SNMPv1 at
both the transport and network layers.

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Trap event list

Alert disabled: there is no alert coming up for this trap
Temperature: The agent will send an alarm if the value goes above the preset value.
For further details please see Temperature alert level in the Device Setup chapter.
Detector: The agent will send an alarm if the value goes above the preset value. For
further details please see Detector alert level in the Device Setup chapter.
Transmitter: if the transmitter fails operating the agent will send an alarm.
Power supply: if the power supply reports fault the agent will send the alarm.
Receiver: If the receiver gets into disabled the agent will send an alarm. For further
details please see RX OK in the Status info screen chapter
Remote Failure: If the local head loses the connetion to the remote head the agent
will send an alarm. For further details please see Remote is visible in the Status
info screen chapter
FSO Link:The Agent will send an alarm if the valid signal is lost. . For further details
please see FSO Link in the Status info screen chapter.
TP Link: The Agent will send an alarm if the connection is lost on the local TP port.
For further details please see TP_Link in the Status info screen chapter.
Traffic error: The agent will send an alarm if any of the values on the Network
statistics page is incremented.

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8 Warranty conditions

GeoDesy FSO (Europe) LTD

purchased will free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1)
year from the date of purchase. This warranty period will not be extended by virtue
of a repair of the product or a replacement of any component of the product during
the warranty period.

This warranty covers only normal commercial use.

is not responsible for warranty service should the

LTD

identification marks, serial numbers or original seals be removed, altered, or broken,
or should the product fail to be properly maintained or fail to function properly as a
result of any modification, misuse, abuse, improper installation, neglect, improper
shipping, damage caused by disasters such as fire, flood, earthquake or lightning,

improper electrical current, or service other than by

LTD

or its authorised partners.

If the
warranty period,

replace the defective product at no additional charge.

In no event will
including loss of data, lost profits, lost savings, lost business, or other incidental or
consequential or indirect damages arising out of the installation, use, maintenance,

performance, failure or interruption of the

GeoDesy FSO

If you purchased the
not allow the limitation or exclusion of liability for incidental or consequential
damages, so the above limitation may not apply to you.

The purchaser or user shall have the responsibility to give

(Europe) LTD

purchased through an authorised partner of
notice may be given in writing to that authorised partner in the area in which the
product was being used.

The product may be returned to
Return Material Authorisation (RMA) number. The product must be shipped prepaid,
insured and in the original shipping package or similar package for safe shipment.
The RMA number must be marked on the outside of the shipping package. Any
product returned without an RMA number shall be rejected.

GeoDesy FSO

GeoDesy FSO (Europe) LTD

GeoDesy FSO (Europe) LTD

(Europe) LTD has been advised of the possibility of such damage.

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prompt written notice of any warranty claims. If the product was

product fails to operate as warranted at any time during the

warrants that the

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GeoDesy FSO (Europe)

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GeoDesy FSO (Europe)

will repair, or at its option,

be liable for any damages

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product in the United States, some states do

product, even if

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only if it has a

product

,

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Transportation charges for the return of the product will be paid by

(Europe) LTD

product was defective within the terms of the warranty; otherwise the purchaser or
user shall be responsible for costs of return handling and transportation.

If the
customer’s sole remedy shall be repair or replacement. The foregoing warranties
and remedies are exclusive and are in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or
implied, either in fact or by operation of law, statutory or otherwise, including

warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
neither assumes nor authorises any other person to assume for it any other liability
in connection with the sale, installation, use or maintenance of the product.

GeoDesy FSO

if it is determined by

product does not operate as warranted above, the

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that the

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9 Privacy statement

We will never share, sell, or rent individual personal information with anyone without
your advance permission or unless ordered by a court of law. Information submitted
to us is only available to employees managing this information for purposes of
contacting you or sending you emails based on your request for information and to
contracted service providers for purposes of providing services relating to our
communications with you.

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