Genexis OCG-218, OCG-220, OCG-2018, OCG-2020 User Manual

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User Manual

Routed Ethernet Gateway

OCG-218 / OCG-220 / OCG-2018 / OCG-2020

PRELIMINARY - JAN. 2011

Table of Contents

Installation guide........................................................................................................3

Introduction...........................................................................................................................3

Product overview....................................................................................................................3

The front of the router............................................................................................................................3

...........................................................................................................................................................3

The side of the router.............................................................................................................................4

Installation.............................................................................................................................5

Getting started.......................................................................................................................7

Configuring the router (optional)...............................................................................................9

Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................10

Appendix: Router settings.........................................................................................11

Basic...................................................................................................................................11

Network Settings..................................................................................................................................11

Advanced ............................................................................................................................14

Virtual Server......................................................................................................................................14

Special Applications .............................................................................................................................15

Port Forwarding....................................................................................................................................16

Routing...............................................................................................................................................16

Access Control.....................................................................................................................................17

Website Filter.......................................................................................................................................17

Firewall Settings...................................................................................................................................18

Inbound Filter......................................................................................................................................20

Advanced Network................................................................................................................................21

Tools ..................................................................................................................................22

Administrator Settings..........................................................................................................................22

Time...................................................................................................................................................22

System...............................................................................................................................................23

Dynamic DNS......................................................................................................................................23

System Check......................................................................................................................................23

Schedules...........................................................................................................................................24

Status .................................................................................................................................25

Device Info..........................................................................................................................................25

Routing...............................................................................................................................................25

Logs...................................................................................................................................................25

Statistics.............................................................................................................................................25

Internet Sessions.................................................................................................................................26

Firewall Holes......................................................................................................................................26

Installation guide

Introduction

Congratulation on your acquiring of the Genexis Routed Ethernet Gateway. The Routed Ethernet Gateway will enable you to utilize your internet connection at maximum speeds.

This document describes how to install and how to configure the Genexis router.

Product overview

The front of the router

The front of the router is shown below. The status LEDs on the front of the router can be used to get status information. A short description is given in the table below.

The side of the router

The side of the router is shown below. A short description of the port connections is given in the table below. The presence of the POTS voice ports, and the F-connector for CATV are depending on the configuration of your router, and may not be present.

Installation

Step 1. Connect the 12V plug of the supplied adapter to the router and connect the adapter to a power socket.

Step 2. The unit will now start up. The start-up sequence takes less than 3 minutes. After the start-up sequence

Step 3. Connect a computer to one of the routed LAN port on the Genexis router, using an Ethernet cable with a

the following LEDs should be on: PWR, WAN, M1, and M3.

If any of above mentioned LEDs is off or blinking for more than 3 minutes after powering on the router, please refer to the troubleshooting section.

RJ-45 connector. Your provider can tell you which ports routing is enabled.

Step 4. This step is optional, and is only relevant if the router has voice ports

The indicators T1 and T2 indicate if voice is enabled (LED ON) on voice port T1 and/or voice port T2 respectively. A standard analog telephone can be connected to the active ports, using a RJ-11 connector.

Step 5. This step is optional, and is only relevant if the router has a CATV receiver

The indicator RTV indicates if the (radio and) television signal is enabled (LED ON). Your radio or television can be connected using a coaxial cable with a male F-connector.

Getting started

Step 1. Setup your network adapter properly:

Windows XP/Vista

➢ Go to "Start" and click on "Control panel" ➢ The Control Panel window will appear. Double click on "Network Connections" ➢ The Network Connections window will appear. Identify the correct network card, and right click on

correct "Local Area Connection" and click "Properties"

➢ Select "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)". Click on "Properties"

➢ Make sure "Obtain an IP address automatically", and "Obtain DNS server address automatically" are

selected. Save the settings by clicking "OK"

MacOS X

➢ Go to "Apple-symbol" and click on "System Preferences" ➢ The System Preferences window will appear. Click on "Network" ➢ The Network window will appear. Click on "Ethernet" ➢ Make sure "Using DHCP" is selected. Save the settings by clicking "Apply"

Step 2. Launch the web browser and check if your connection is working. If your connection is not working,

please refer to the troubleshooting section.

Configuring the router (optional)

Note: changing the configuration is only advised for advanced users and might interrupt your connection. Please refer to the troubleshooting section on how to reset the router settings back to the factory default settings.

Step 1. Launch the web browser on your computer and enter the router's default IP address '192.168.0.1' in

Step 2. Log in as 'Admin' or 'User' which both default to a blank password. It is recommended to change the

Step 3. Configure the router to the desired configuration. Information about the settings can be found in the

the address field.

password after the first log in.

"Router settings" sections.

Troubleshooting

Appendix: Router settings

Basic

Network Settings

Router Settings

These are the settings of the LAN (Local Area Network) interface for the router. The router's local network (LAN) settings are configured based on the IP Address and Subnet Mask assigned in this section. The IP address is also used to access this Web-based management interface. It is recommended that you use the default settings if you do not have an existing network.

Router IP Address

Subnet Mask The subnet mask of your router on the local area network.

The IP address of your router on the local area network. Your local area network settings are based on the address assigned here. For example, 192.168.0.1.

Local Domain Name

Enable DNS Relay When DNS Relay is enabled, the router plays the role of a DNS server. DNS requests sent

RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

RIP enables the router to share routing information with other routers and hosts on the LAN.

Enable RIP Enable RIP if the LAN has multiple routers or if the LAN has other hosts that listen for RIP

Accept Updates The "Accept Updates" option controls whether the router updates its routing tables when

RIP Operating mode

This entry is optional. Enter a domain name for the local network. LAN computers will assume this domain name when they get an address from the router's built in DHCP server. So, for example, if you enter mynetwork.net here, and you have a LAN side laptop with a name of chris, that laptop will be known as chris.mynetwork.net. Note, however, the entered domain name can be overridden by the one obtained from the router's upstream DHCP server.

to the router are forwarded to the ISP's DNS server. This provides a constant DNS address that LAN computers can use, even when the router obtains a different DNS server address from the ISP upon re-establishing the WAN connection. You should disable DNS relay if you implement a LAN-side DNS server as a virtual server.

messages, such as auto-IP devices or the Windows XP RIP Listener Service.

it receives RIP messages from other LAN devices. Disable "Accept Updates" if not needed or if RIP messages could originate from an insecure device on the LAN. Enable "Accept Updates" only if operation of your network requires updates from other routers, and if you have assured the security of RIP messages on your network.

This router supports both version 2 and version 1 of the RIP specification.

V1. Use if none of the routers supports Version 2.

V2 Broadcast. Use if some routers are capable of Version 2, but some are only capable of Version 1.

V2 Multicast. Use if this is the only router on the LAN or if all the routers support Version

Router Metric The additional cost of routing a packet through this router. The normal value for a simple

Act as default router

RIP Password This router supports the use of clear-text passwords in RIP version 2 messages. Only

network is 1. This metric is added to routes learned from other routers; it is not added to static or system routes.

Make this router the preferred destination for packets that are not otherwise destined.

routers with the same RIP password can share routes via RIP. RIP passwords serve more as a mechanism to limit route sharing rather than as a security mechanism. You might use RIP passwords, for example, to prevent routes from one subnet from being seen by a router on another subnet that has conflicting IP addresses. Enter the password twice for verification. Leave both password fields empty if RIP passwords are not used.

DHCP Server Settings

DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. The DHCP section is where you configure the built-in DHCP Server to assign IP addresses to the computers and other devices on your local area network (LAN).

Enable DHCP Server

Once your router is properly configured and this option is enabled, the DHCP Server will manage the IP addresses and other network configuration information for computers and other devices connected to your Local Area Network. There is no need for you to do this yourself.

The computers (and other devices) connected to your LAN also need to have their TCP/IP configuration set to "DHCP" or "Obtain an IP address automatically".

When you set Enable DHCP Server, the following options are displayed.

DHCP IP Address Range

DHCP Lease Time The amount of time that a computer may have an IP address before it is required to

These two IP values (from and to) define a range of IP addresses that the DHCP Server uses when assigning addresses to computers and devices on your Local Area Network. Any addresses that are outside of this range are not managed by the DHCP Server; these could, therefore, be used for manually configured devices or devices that cannot use DHCP to obtain network address details automatically.

It is possible for a computer or device that is manually configured to have an address that does reside within this range. In this case the address should be reserved (see DHCP Reservation below), so that the DHCP Server knows that this specific address can only be used by a specific computer or device.

Your router, by default, has a static IP address of 192.168.0.1. This means that addresses

192.168.0.2 to 192.168.0.254 can be made available for allocation by the DHCP Server.

Example:

Your router uses 192.168.0.1 for the IP address. You've assigned a computer that you want to designate as a Web server with a static IP address of 192.168.0.3. You've assigned another computer that you want to designate as an FTP server with a static IP address of 192.168.0.4. Therefore the starting IP address for your DHCP IP address range needs to be 192.168.0.5 or greater.

Example:

Suppose you configure the DHCP Server to manage addresses from 192.168.0.100 to

192.168.0.199. This means that 192.168.0.3 to 192.168.0.99 and 192.168.0.200 to

192.168.0.254 are NOT managed by the DHCP Server. Computers or devices that use addresses from these ranges are to be manually configured. Suppose you have a web server computer that has a manually configured address of 192.168.0.100. Because this falls within the "managed range" be sure to create a reservation for this address and match it to the relevant computer (see Static DHCP Client below).

renew the lease. The lease functions just as a lease on an apartment would. The initial lease designates the amount of time before the lease expires. If the tenant wishes to retain the address when the lease is expired then a new lease is established. If the lease expires and the address is no longer needed than another tenant may use the address.

Always Broadcast If all the computers on the LAN successfully obtain their IP addresses from the router's

NetBIOS announcement

Learn NetBIOS from WAN

NetBIOS Scope This is an advanced setting and is normally left blank. This allows the configuration of a

NetBIOS node type

DHCP server as expected, this option can remain disabled. However, if one of the computers on the LAN fails to obtain an IP address from the router's DHCP server, it may have an old DHCP client that incorrectly turns off the broadcast flag of DHCP packets. Enabling this option will cause the router to always broadcast its responses to all clients, thereby working around the problem, at the cost of increased broadcast traffic on the LAN.

Check this box to allow the DHCP Server to offer NetBIOS configuration settings to the LAN hosts. NetBIOS allows LAN hosts to discover all other computers within the network, e.g. within Network Neighbourhood.

If NetBIOS advertisement is switched on, switching this setting on causes WINS information to be learned from the WAN side, if available. Turn this setting off to configure manually.

NetBIOS 'domain' name under which network hosts operate. This setting has no effect if the 'Learn NetBIOS information from WAN' is activated

Indicates how network hosts are to perform NetBIOS name registration and discovery.

Broadcast only: Local network broadcast only. This setting is useful where there are no WINS servers available, however, it is preferred you try Mixed Mode operation first. This setting has no effect if the 'Learn NetBIOS information from WAN' is activated.

Point-to-Point: Use WINS servers only. This setting is useful to force all NetBIOS operation to the configured WINS servers. You must have configured at least the primary WINS server IP to point to a working WINS server.

Mixed Mode: First, the Broadcast operation is performed to register hosts and discover other hosts, if broadcast operation fails, WINS servers are tried, if any. This mode favours broadcast operation which may be preferred if WINS servers are reachable by a slow network link and the majority of network services such as servers and printers are local to the LAN.

Hybrid: First WINS servers are tried, if any, followed by local network broadcast. This is generally the preferred mode if you have configured WINS servers.

Primary WINS Server IP address

Secondary WINS Server IP address

Add/Edit DHCP Reservation

This option lets you reserve IP addresses, and assign the same IP address to the network device with the specified MAC address any time it requests an IP address. This is almost the same as when a device has a static IP address except that the device must still request an IP address from the router. The router will provide the device the same IP address every time. DHCP Reservations are helpful for server computers on the local network that are hosting applications such as Web and FTP. Servers on your network should either use a static IP address or use this option.

Enable Specifies whether the entry will be active or inactive.

Computer Name You can assign a name for each computer that is given a reserved IP address. This may

IP Address The LAN address that you want to reserve.

MAC Address To input the MAC address of your system, enter it in manually or connect to the router's

Configure the IP address of the preferred WINS server. WINS Servers store information regarding network hosts, allowing hosts to 'register' themselves as well as discover other available hosts, e.g. for use in Network Neighbourhood. This setting has no effect if the 'Learn NetBIOS information from WAN' is activated.

Configure the IP address of the backup WINS server, if any. This setting has no effect if the 'Learn NetBIOS information from WAN' is activated.

help you keep track of which computers are assigned this way. Example: Game Server.

Web-Management interface from the system and click the Copy Your PC's MAC Address button.

A MAC address is usually located on a sticker on the bottom of a network device. The MAC address is comprised of twelve digits. Each pair of hexadecimal digits are usually separated by dashes or colons such as 00-0D-88-11-22-33 or 00:0D:88:11:22:33. If your network device is a computer and the network card is already located inside the computer, you can connect to the router from the computer and click the Copy Your PC's MAC Address button to enter the MAC address.

As an alternative, you can locate a MAC address in a specific operating system by following the steps below:

Go to the Start menu, select Run, type in winipcfg, and hit Enter. A Windows 98 Windows Me

Windows 2000 Windows XP

Mac OS X

popup window will be displayed. Select the appropriate adapter from the

pull-down menu and you will see the Adapter Address. This is the MAC

address of the device.

Go to your Start menu, select Programs, select Accessories, and select

Command Prompt. At the command prompt type ipconfig /all and hit

Enter. The physical address displayed for the adapter connecting to the

router is the MAC address.

Go to the Apple Menu, select System Preferences, select Network, and

select the Ethernet Adapter connecting to the router. Select the Ethernet

button and the Ethernet ID will be listed. This is the same as the MAC

address.

Save/Update Record the changes you have made into the following list.

Clear Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.

DHCP Reservations List

This shows clients that you have specified to have reserved DHCP addresses. Click the Enable checkbox at the left to directly activate or de-activate the entry. An entry can be changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the item is highlighted, and the "Edit DHCP

Reservation" section is activated for editing.

Number of Dynamic DHCP Clients

In this section you can see what LAN devices are currently leasing IP addresses.

Revoke The Revoke option is available for the situation in which the lease table becomes full or

nearly full, you need to recover space in the table for new entries, and you know that some of the currently allocated leases are no longer needed. Clicking Revoke cancels the lease for a specific LAN device and frees an entry in the lease table. Do this only if the device no longer needs the leased IP address, because, for example, it has been removed from the network.

Reserve The Reserve option converts this dynamic IP allocation into a DHCP Reservation and adds

the corresponding entry to the DHCP Reservations List.

Advanced

Virtual Server

The Virtual Server option gives Internet users access to services on your LAN. This feature is useful for hosting online services such as FTP, Web, or game servers. For each Virtual Server, you define a public port on your router for redirection to an internal LAN IP Address and LAN port.

Example:

You are hosting a Web Server on a PC that has LAN IP Address of 192.168.0.50 and your ISP is blocking Port 80.

1. Name the Virtual Server (for example: Web Server)

2. Enter the IP Address of the machine on your LAN (for example: 192.168.0.50

3. Enter the Private Port as [80]

4. Enter the Public Port as [8888]

5. Select the Protocol (for example TCP).

6. Ensure the schedule is set to Always

7. Click Save to add the settings to the Virtual Servers List

8. Repeat these steps for each Virtual Server Rule you wish to add.

With this Virtual Server entry, all Internet traffic on Port 8888 will be redirected to your internal web server on port 80 at IP Address 192.168.0.50.

Add/Edit Virtual Server

Enable Specifies whether the entry will be active or inactive.

Name Assign a meaningful name to the virtual server, for example Web Server. Several well-

known types of virtual server are available from the "Application Name" drop-down list. Selecting one of these entries fills some of the remaining parameters with standard values for that type of server.

IP Address The IP address of the system on your internal network that will provide the virtual

Protocol Select the protocol used by the service. The common choices -- UDP, TCP, and both UDP

Public Port The port that will be accessed from the Internet.

Private Port The port that will be used on your internal network.

Schedule Select a schedule for when the service will be enabled. If you do not see the schedule

Inbound Filter Select a filter that controls access as needed for this virtual server. If you do not see the

service, for example 192.168.0.50. You can select a computer from the list of DHCP clients in the "Computer Name" drop-down menu, or you can manually enter the IP address of the server computer.

and TCP -- can be selected from the drop-down menu. To specify any other protocol, select "Other" from the list, then enter the corresponding protocol number (as assigned by the IANA) in the Protocol box.

you need in the list of schedules, go to the Tools Schedules→ screen and create a new schedule.

filter you need in the list of filters, go to the Advanced Inbound Filter screen and create→ a new filter.

Save/Update Record the changes you have made into the following list.

Clear Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.

Virtual Server List

This is a list of the defined Virtual Servers. Click the Enable checkbox at the left to directly activate or deactivate the entry. An entry can be changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the item is highlighted, and the "Edit Virtual Servers" section is activated for editing.

Note: You might have trouble accessing a virtual server using its public identity (WAN-side IP-address of the gateway or its dynamic DNS name) from a machine on the LAN. Your requests may not be looped back or you may be redirected to the "Forbidden" page.

This will happen if you have an Access Control Rule configured for this LAN machine.

The requests from the LAN machine will not be looped back if Internet access is blocked at the time of access. To work around this problem, access the LAN machine using its LAN-side identity.

Requests may be redirected to the "Forbidden" page if web access for the LAN machine is restricted by an Access Control Rule. Add the WAN-side identity (WAN-side IP-address of the router or its dynamic DNS name) on the Advanced Web→ Filter screen to work around this problem.

Special Applications

An application rule is used to open single or multiple ports on your router when the router senses data sent to the Internet on a "trigger" port or port range. An application rule applies to all computers on your internal network.

Add/Edit Application Rule

Example:

You need to configure your router to allow a software application running on any computer on your network to connect to a web-based server or another user on the Internet.

Enable Specifies whether the entry will be active or inactive.

Name Enter a name for the Special Application Rule, for example Game App, which will help you

identify the rule in the future. Alternatively, you can select from the Application Name list of common applications.

Application Name Instead of entering a name for the Special Application rule, you can select from this list

Trigger Ports Enter the outgoing port range used by your application (for example 6500-6700).

Trigger Traffic Type

Firewall Ports Enter the port range that you want to open up to Internet traffic (for example 6000-

Firewall Traffic Type

Schedule Select a schedule for when this rule is in effect. If you do not see the schedule you need

Save/Update Record the changes you have made into the following list.

Clear Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.

With the above example application rule enabled, the router will open up a range of ports from 6000-6200 for incoming traffic from the Internet, whenever any computer on the internal network opens up an application that sends data to the Internet using a port in the range of 6500-6700.

of common applications, and the remaining configuration values will be filled in accordingly.

Select the outbound protocol used by your application (for example Both).

6200).

Select the protocol used by the Internet traffic coming back into the router through the opened port range (for example Both).

in the list of schedules, go to the Tools Schedules screen and create a new schedule. →

Application Rules

This is a list of the defined application rules. Click the Enable checkbox at the left to directly activate or deactivate the entry. An entry can be changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the item is highlighted, and the "Edit Application Rule" section is activated for editing.

Port Forwarding

Multiple connections are required by some applications, such as internet games, video conferencing, Internet telephony, and others. These applications have difficulties working through NAT (Network Address Translation). This section is used to open multiple ports or a range of ports in your router and redirect data through those ports to a single PC on your network. You can enter ports in various formats:

Range (50-100) Individual (80, 68, 888) Mixed (1020-5000, 689)

Example:

Suppose you are hosting an online game server that is running on a PC with a private IP Address of

192.168.0.50. This game requires that you open multiple ports (6159-6180, 99) on the router so Internet users can connect.

Add/Edit Port Forwarding Rule

Use this section to add a Port Forwarding Rule to the following list or to edit a rule already in the list.

Enable Specifies whether the entry will be active or inactive.

Name Give the rule a name that is meaningful to you, for example Game Server. You can also

select from a list of popular games, and many of the remaining configuration values will be filled in accordingly. However, you should check whether the port values have changed since this list was created, and you must fill in the IP address field.

IP Address Enter the local network IP address of the system hosting the server, for example

TCP Ports Enter the TCP ports to open (for example 6159-6180, 99).

UDP Ports Enter the UDP ports to open (for example 6159-6180, 99).

Schedule Select a schedule for the times when this rule is in effect. If you do not see the schedule

Inbound Filter Select a filter that controls access as needed for this rule. If you do not see the filter you

Save/Update Record the changes you have made into the following list.

Clear Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.

With the above example values filled in and this Port Forwarding Rule enabled, all TCP and UDP traffic on ports 6159 through 6180 and port 99 is passed through the router and redirected to the Internal Private IP Address of your Game Server at 192.168.0.50.

Note that different LAN computers cannot be associated with Port Forwarding rules that contain any ports in common; such rules would contradict each other.

Port Forwarding Rules

This is a list of the defined Port Forwarding Rules. Click the Enable checkbox at the left to directly activate or deactivate the entry. An entry can be changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the item is highlighted, and the "Edit Port Forwarding Rule" section is activated for editing.

192.168.0.50. You can select a computer from the list of DHCP clients in the "Computer Name" drop-down menu, or you can manually enter the IP address of the server computer.

you need in the list of schedules, go to the Tools Schedules screen and create a new→ schedule.

need in the list of filters, go to the Advanced Inbound Filter screen and create a new→ filter.

Routing

Add/Edit Route

Adds a new route to the IP routing table or edits an existing route.

Enable Specifies whether the entry will be enabled or disabled.

Route is via another gateway

When checked, the Gateway box is displayed and must be completed with the IP address of the gateway/router to which this route corresponds. Datagrams sent to this route are forwarded onto the given Gateway IP address for further processing. When unchecked, this route represents a local route for which this router has its own IP address with which to communicate.

Name Assign a meaningful name to this route for your own use.

Netmask One bits in the mask specify which bits of the IP address must match.

Metric The route metric is a value from 1 to 16 that indicates the cost of using this route. A

Interface Specifies the interface -- LAN or WAN -- that the IP packet must use to transit out of the

Save/Update Record the changes you have made into the following list.

Clear Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.

Routes via another gateway

Destination IP The IP address of packets that will take this route.

Gateway Specifies the next hop to be taken if this route is used.

Routes not via another gateway

Router's IP Routes not via another gateway are routes to PC connected directly to one of the router's

Routes List

The section shows the current routing table entries. Certain required routes are predefined and cannot be changed. Routes that you add can be changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the item is highlighted, and the "Edit Route" section is activated for editing. Click the Enable checkbox at the left to directly activate or de-activate the entry.

value of 1 is the lowest cost, and 15 is the highest cost. A value of 16 indicates that the route is not reachable from this router. When trying to reach a particular destination, computers on your network will select the best route, ignoring unreachable routes.

router, when this route is used.

own interfaces. The IP address this router uses when talking to devices on this route is specified here.

Access Control

The Access Control section allows you to control access in and out of devices on your network. Use this feature as Parental Controls to only grant access to approved sites, limit web access based on time or dates, and/or block access from applications such as peer-to-peer utilities or games.

Enable By default, the Access Control feature is disabled. If you need Access Control, check this

Add Policy Click this button to start creating a new access control policy.

Policy Wizard The Policy Wizard guides you through the steps of defining each access control policy. A

Policy Table

This section shows the currently defined access control policies. A policy can be changed by clicking the Edit icon, or deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the Policy Wizard starts and guides you through the process of changing a policy. You can enable or disable specific policies in the list by clicking the "Enable" checkbox.

option.

Note: When Access Control is disabled, every device on the LAN has unrestricted access to the Internet. However, if you enable Access Control, Internet access is restricted for those devices that have an Access Control Policy configured for them. All other devices have unrestricted access to the Internet.

policy is the "Who, What, When, and How" of access control -- whose computer will be affected by the control, what internet addresses are controlled, when will the control be in effect, and how is the control implemented. You can define multiple policies. The Policy Wizard starts when you click the button below and also when you edit an existing policy.

Website Filter

The Web sites listed here are used when the Web Filter option is enabled in Advanced Access Control. →

Add Web Filtering Rule

This section is where you add the Web sites to be used for Access Control.

Website URL/Domain

Enter the URL (address) of the Web Site that you want to allow; for example:

google.com. Do not enter the http:// preceding the URL. Enter the most inclusive domain; for example, enter example.com and access will be permitted to both www.example.com and support.example.com.

Save Record the changes you have made into the following list.

Note: Many web sites construct pages with images and content from other web sites. Access will be forbidden if

you do not enable all the web sites used to construct a page. For example, to access my.yahoo.com, you need to enable access to yahoo.com, yimg.com, and doubleclick.net.

Website Filtering Rules

The section lists the currently allowed web sites.

Firewall Settings

The router provides a tight firewall by virtue of the way NAT works. Unless you configure the router to the contrary, the NAT does not respond to unsolicited incoming requests on any port, thereby making your LAN invisible to Internet cyberattackers. However, some network applications cannot run with a tight firewall. Those applications need to selectively open ports in the firewall to function correctly. The options on this page control several ways of opening the firewall to address the needs of specific types of applications. See also Advanced Virtual Server, Advanced Port Forwarding, Advanced Application Rules, and Advanced Network→ → → → (UPnP) for related options.

Firewall Settings

Enable SPI SPI ("stateful packet inspection" also known as "dynamic packet filtering") helps to

prevent cyberattacks by tracking more state per session. It validates that the traffic passing through that session conforms to the protocol. When the protocol is TCP, SPI checks that packet sequence numbers are within the valid range for the session, discarding those packets that do not have valid sequence numbers.

Whether SPI is enabled or not, the router always tracks TCP connection states and ensures that each TCP packet's flags are valid for the current state.

NAT Endpoint Filtering

The NAT Endpoint Filtering options control how the router's NAT manages incoming connection requests to ports that are already being used.

Endpoint Independent

Address Restricted

Port And Address Restricted

Note that some of these options can interact with other port restrictions. Endpoint Independent Filtering takes priority over inbound filters or schedules, so it is possible for an incoming session request related to an outgoing session to enter through a port in spite of an active inbound filter on that port. However, packets will be rejected as expected when sent to blocked ports (whether blocked by schedule or by inbound filter) for which there are no active sessions. Port and Address Restricted Filtering ensures that inbound filters and schedules work precisely, but prevents some level of connectivity, and therefore might require the use of port triggers, virtual servers, or port forwarding to open the ports needed by the application. Address Restricted Filtering gives a compromise position, which avoids problems when communicating with certain other types of NAT router (symmetric NATs in particular) but leaves inbound filters and scheduled access working as expected.

UDP Endpoint Filtering

Once a LAN-side application has created a connection through a specific port, the NAT will forward any incoming connection requests with the same port to the LAN-side application regardless of their origin. This is the least restrictive option, giving the best connectivity and allowing some applications (P2P applications in particular) to behave almost as if they are directly connected to the Internet.

The NAT forwards incoming connection requests to a LAN-side host only when they come from the same IP address with which a connection was established. This allows the remote application to send data back through a port different from the one used when the outgoing session was created.

The NAT does not forward any incoming connection requests with the same port address as an already establish connection.

Controls endpoint filtering for packets of the UDP protocol.

TCP Endpoint Filtering

Formerly, the terms "Full Cone", "Restricted Cone", "Port Restricted Cone" and "Symmetric" were used to refer

Controls endpoint filtering for packets of the TCP protocol.

to different variations of NATs. These terms are purposely not used here, because they do not fully describe the behavior of this router's NAT. While not a perfect mapping, the following loose correspondences between the "cone" classification and the "endpoint filtering" modes can be drawn: if this router is configured for endpoint independent filtering, it implements full cone behavior; address restricted filtering implements restricted cone behavior; and port and address restricted filtering implements port restricted cone behavior.

NAT Port Preservation

NAT Port preservation (on by default) tries to ensure that, when a LAN host makes an Internet connection, the same LAN port is also used as the Internet visible port. This ensures best compatibility for internet communications.

Under some circumstances it may be desirable to turn off this feature.

Anti-Spoof checking

Enabling this option can provide protection from certain kinds of "spoofing" attacks. However, enable this option with care. With some modems, the WAN connection may be lost when this option is enabled. In that case, it may be necessary to change the LAN subnet to something other than 192.168.0.x (192.168.2.x, for example), to re-establish the WAN connection.

DMZ Host

DMZ means "Demilitarized Zone." If an application has trouble working from behind the router, you can expose one computer to the Internet and run the application on that computer.

When a LAN host is configured as a DMZ host, it becomes the destination for all incoming packets that do not match some other incoming session or rule. If any other ingress rule is in place, that will be used instead of sending packets to the DMZ host; so, an active session, virtual server, active port trigger, or port forwarding rule will take priority over sending a packet to the DMZ host. (The DMZ policy resembles a default port forwarding rule that forwards every port that is not specifically sent anywhere else.)

The router provides only limited firewall protection for the DMZ host. The router does not forward a TCP packet that does not match an active DMZ session, unless it is a connection establishment packet (SYN). Except for this limited protection, the DMZ host is effectively "outside the firewall". Anyone considering using a DMZ host should also consider running a firewall on that DMZ host system to provide additional protection.

Packets received by the DMZ host have their IP addresses translated from the WAN-side IP address of the router to the LAN-side IP address of the DMZ host. However, port numbers are not translated; so applications on the DMZ host can depend on specific port numbers.

The DMZ capability is just one of several means for allowing incoming requests that might appear unsolicited to the NAT. In general, the DMZ host should be used only if there are no other alternatives, because it is much more exposed to cyberattacks than any other system on the LAN. Thought should be given to using other configurations instead: a virtual server, a port forwarding rule, or a port trigger. Virtual servers open one port for incoming sessions bound for a specific application (and also allow port redirection and the use of ALGs). Port forwarding is rather like a selective DMZ, where incoming traffic targeted at one or more ports is forwarded to a specific LAN host (thereby not exposing as many ports as a DMZ host). Port triggering is a special form of port forwarding, which is activated by outgoing traffic, and for which ports are only forwarded while the trigger is active.

Few applications truly require the use of the DMZ host. Following are examples of when a DMZ host might be required:

• A host needs to support several applications that might use overlapping ingress ports such that two

port forwarding rules cannot be used because they would potentially be in conflict.

• To handle incoming connections that use a protocol other than ICMP, TCP, UDP, and IGMP (also GRE and

ESP, when these protocols are enabled by the PPTP and IPSec ALGs ).

Enable DMZ Note: Putting a computer in the DMZ may expose that computer to a variety of security

risks. Use of this option is only recommended as a last resort.

DMZ IP Address Specify the LAN IP address of the LAN computer that you want to have unrestricted

Non-UDP/TCP/ICMP LAN Sessions

When a LAN application that uses a protocol other than UDP, TCP, or ICMP initiates a session to the Internet, the router's NAT can track such a session, even though it does not recognize the protocol. This feature is useful because it enables certain applications (most importantly a single VPN connection to a remote host) without the need for an ALG.

Note that this feature does not apply to the DMZ host (if one is enabled). The DMZ host always handles these kinds of sessions.

Enable Enabling this option (the default setting) enables single VPN connections to a remote

Internet communication. If this computer obtains its address Automatically using DHCP, then you may want to make a static reservation on the Basic Network Settings page so→ that the IP address of the DMZ computer does not change.

host. (But, for multiple VPN connections, the appropriate VPN ALG must be used.)

Disabling this option, however, only disables VPN if the appropriate VPN ALG is also disabled.

Application Level Gateway (ALG) Configuration

Here you can enable or disable ALGs. Some protocols and applications require special handling of the IP payload to make them work with network address translation (NAT). Each ALG provides special handling for a specific protocol or application. A number of ALGs for common applications are enabled by default.

PPTP Allows multiple machines on the LAN to connect to their corporate networks using PPTP

protocol. When the PPTP ALG is enabled, LAN computers can establish PPTP VPN connections either with the same or with different VPN servers. When the PPTP ALG is disabled, the router allows VPN operation in a restricted way -- LAN computers are typically able to establish VPN tunnels to different VPN Internet servers but not to the same server. The advantage of disabling the PPTP ALG is to increase VPN performance. Enabling the PPTP ALG also allows incoming VPN connections to a LAN side VPN server (refer to Advanced Virtual Server). →

IPSec (VPN) Allows multiple VPN clients to connect to their corporate networks using IPSec. Some VPN

RTSP Allows applications that use Real Time Streaming Protocol to receive streaming media

Windows/MSN Messenger

FTP Allows FTP clients and servers to transfer data across NAT. Refer to the Advanced Virtual→

H.323 (Netmeeting)

SIP Allows devices and applications using VoIP (Voice over IP) to communicate across NAT.

Wake-On-LAN This feature enables forwarding of "magic packets" (that is, specially formatted wake-up

clients support traversal of IPSec through NAT. This option may interfere with the operation of such VPN clients. If you are having trouble connecting with your corporate network, try disabling this option.

Check with the system administrator of your corporate network whether your VPN client supports NAT traversal.

Note that L2TP VPN connections typically use IPSec to secure the connection. To achieve multiple VPN pass-through in this case, the IPSec ALG must be enabled.

from the internet. QuickTime and Real Player are some of the common applications using this protocol.

Supports use on LAN computers of Microsoft Windows Messenger (the Internet messaging client that ships with Microsoft Windows) and MSN Messenger. The SIP ALG must also be enabled when the Windows Messenger ALG is enabled.

Server page if you want to host an FTP server.

Allows H.323 (specifically Microsoft Netmeeting) clients to communicate across NAT. Note that if you want your buddies to call you, you should also set up a virtual server for NetMeeting. Refer to the Advanced Virtual Server page for information on how to set up→ a virtual server.

Some VoIP applications and devices have the ability to discover NAT devices and work around them. This ALG may interfere with the operation of such devices. If you are having trouble making VoIP calls, try turning this ALG off.

packets) from the WAN to a LAN computer or other device that is "Wake on LAN" (WOL) capable. The WOL device must be defined as such on the Advanced Virtual Server page.→ The LAN IP address for the virtual server is typically set to the broadcast address

192.168.0.255. The computer on the LAN whose MAC address is contained in the magic packet will be awakened.

MMS Allows Windows Media Player, using MMS protocol, to receive streaming media from the

internet.

Inbound Filter

When you use the Virtual Server, Port Forwarding, or Remote Administration features to open specific ports to traffic from the Internet, you could be increasing the exposure of your LAN to cyberattacks from the Internet. In these cases, you can use Inbound Filters to limit that exposure by specifying the IP addresses of internet hosts that you trust to access your LAN through the ports that you have opened. You might, for example, only allow access to a game server on your home LAN from the computers of friends whom you have invited to play the games on that server.

Inbound Filters can be used for limiting access to a server on your network to a system or group of systems. Filter rules can be used with Virtual Server, Gaming, or Remote Administration features. Each filter can be used for several functions; for example a "Game Clan" filter might allow all of the members of a particular gaming group to play several different games for which gaming entries have been created. At the same time an "Admin" filter might only allows systems from your office network to access the WAN admin pages and an FTP server you

use at home. If you add an IP address to a filter, the change is effected in all of the places where the filter is used.

Add/Edit Inbound Filter Rule

Here you can add entries to the Inbound Filter Rules List below, or edit existing entries.

Name Enter a name for the rule that is meaningful to you.

Action The rule can either Allow or Deny messages.

Remote IP Range Define the ranges of Internet addresses this rule applies to. For a single IP address, enter

Save/Update Record the changes you have made into the following list.

Clear Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.

Inbound Filter Rules List

The section lists the current Inbound Filter Rules. An entry can be changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the item is highlighted, and the "Edit Inbound Filter Rule" section is activated for editing.

In addition to the filters listed here, two predefined filters are available wherever inbound filters can be applied:

Allow All Permit any WAN user to access the related capability.

Deny All Prevent all WAN users from accessing the related capability. (LAN users are not affected

the same address in both the Start and End boxes. Up to eight ranges can be entered. The Enable checkbox allows you to turn on or off specific entries in the list of ranges.

by Inbound Filter Rules.)

Advanced Network

UPnP

UPnP is short for Universal Plug and Play, which is a networking architecture that provides compatibility among networking equipment, software, and peripherals. This router has optional UPnP capability, and can work with other UPnP devices and software.

Enable UPnP If you need to use the UPnP functionality, you can enable it here.

Allow Users to disable Internet Access

Disabling this option prevents UPnP clients from terminating the WAN connection.

Allow Users to modify Virtual Server Mappings

PPPoE Pass Through

This option controls whether LAN computers can act as PPPoE clients and negotiate PPP sessions through the router over the WAN ethernet link.

Enable PPPoE Pass Through

LAN Auto IP

Enables the router to automatically generate its LAN-side IP address and communicate with other LAN computers that also implement auto-IP, even when the router's DHCP server function is disabled.

Enable LAN Auto IP

Disabling this option prevents UPnP clients from adding, modifying, deleting, or disabling virtual server entries.

Enabling this option allows LAN computers to act as PPPoE clients. Disabling this option prevents LAN computers from establishing PPPoE pass-through connections.

This option should normally remain enabled.

Tools

Administrator Settings

The Administrator Settings section is used to set-up secure access to the Web-based management. By default no password is configured. It is highly recommended that you create a password to keep your new router secure.

Admin Password

Enter a password for the user "admin", who will have full access to the Web-based management interface.

User Password

Enter a password for the user "user", who will have read-only access to the Web-based management interface.

Gateway Name

The name of the router can be changed here.

Administration

Inactivity Time Out

If the router does not detect any administrative activity (from WAN or LAN) during this number of minutes, it logs the administrator off.

Enable Remote Management

Remote Admin Port

Remote Admin Inbound Filter

Enabling Remote Management allows you to manage the router from anywhere on the Internet. Disabling Remote Management allows you to manage the router only from computers on your LAN.

The port that you will use to address the management interface from the Internet. For example, if you specify port 1080 here, then, to access the router from the Internet, you would use a URL of the form: http://my.domain.com:1080/.

Select a filter that controls access as needed for this admin port. If you do not see the filter you need in the list of filters, go to the Advanced Inbound Filter screen and create→ a new filter.

Time

The Time Configuration option allows you to configure, update, and maintain the correct time on the router's internal system clock. From this section you can set the time zone that you are in and set the Time Server. Daylight saving can also be configured to automatically adjust the time when needed.

Time Configuration

Current Router Time

Time Zone Select your local time zone from pull down menu.

Enable Daylight Saving

Daylight Saving Offset

DST Start and DST End

Displays the time currently maintained by the router. If this is not correct, use the following options to configure the time correctly.

Check this option if your location observes daylight saving time.

Select the time offset, if your location observes daylight saving time.

Select the starting and ending times for the change to and from daylight saving time. For example, suppose for DST Start you select Month="Oct", Week="3rd", Day="Sun" and Time="2am". This is the same as saying: "Daylight saving starts on the third Sunday of October at 2:00 AM."

Automatic Time Configuration

Enable NTP Server

NTP Server Used Select a Network Time Server for synchronization. You can type in the address of a time

Select this option if you want to synchronize the router's clock to a Network Time Server over the Internet. If you are using schedules or logs, this is the best way to ensure that the schedules and logs are kept accurate.

Note that, even when NTP Server is enabled, you must still choose a time zone and set the daylight saving parameters.

server or select one from the list. If you have trouble using one server, select another.

Set the Date and Time Manually

If you do not have the NTP Server option in effect, you can either manually set the time for your router here, or you can click the Copy Your Computer's Time Settings button to copy the time from the computer you are using. (Make sure that computer's time is set correctly.)

Note: If the router loses power for any reason, it cannot keep its clock running, and will not have the correct time when it is started again. To maintain correct time for schedules and logs, either you must enter the correct time after you restart the router, or you must enable the NTP Server option.

System

This section allows you to manage the router's configuration settings, reboot the router, and restore the router to the factory default settings. Restoring the unit to the factory default settings will erase all settings, including any rules that you've created.

Save To Local Hard Drive

This option allows you to save the router's configuration to a file on your computer. Be sure to save the configuration before performing a firmware upgrade.

Load From Local Hard Drive

Restore To Factory Default

Reboot The Device

Use this option to restore previously saved router configuration settings.

This option restores all configuration settings back to the settings that were in effect at the time the router was shipped from the factory. Any settings that have not been saved will be lost. If you want to save your router configuration settings, use the Save Settings option above.

This restarts the router. Useful for restarting when you are not near the device.

Dynamic DNS

The Dynamic DNS feature allows you to host a server (Web, FTP, Game Server, etc.) using a domain name that you have purchased (www.whateveryournameis.com) with your dynamically assigned IP address. Most broadband Internet Service Providers assign dynamic (changing) IP addresses. When you use a Dynamic DNS service provider, your friends can enter your host name to connect to your server, no matter what your IP address is.

Enable Dynamic DNS

Server Address Select a dynamic DNS service provider from the pull-down list.

Host Name Enter your host name, fully qualified; for example: myhost.mydomain.net.

Username or Key Enter the username or key provided by your service provider. If the Dynamic DNS

Password or Key Enter the password or key provided by your service provider. If the Dynamic DNS

Enable this option only if you have purchased your own domain name and registered with a dynamic DNS service provider. The following parameters are displayed when the option is enabled.

provider supplies only a key, enter that key in all three fields.

Verify Password or Key

Timeout The time between periodic updates to the Dynamic DNS, if your dynamic IP address has

Note: If a dynamic DNS update fails for any reason (for example, when incorrect parameters are entered), the

router automatically disables the Dynamic DNS feature and records the failure in the log.

Note: After configuring the router for dynamic DNS, you can open a browser and navigate to the URL for your domain (for example http://www.mydomain.info) and the router will attempt to forward the request to port 80 on your LAN. If, however, you do this from a LAN-side computer and there is no virtual server defined for port 80, the router will return the router's configuration home page. Refer to the Advanced Virtual Server→ configuration page to set up a a virtual server.

Re-type the password or key provided by your service provider. If the Dynamic DNS provider supplies only a key, enter that key in all three fields.

not changed. The timeout period is entered in hours.

System Check

Ping Test

"Ping" is an Internet utility function that sends a series of short messages to a target computer and reports the results. You can use it to test whether a computer is running, and to get an idea of the quality of the connection to that computer, based on the speed of the responses.

Host Name or IP Address

Ping Start pinging the specified host.

Stop The host is pinged repeatedly until you press this button.

Example:

Host Name or IP Address: www.whitehouse.gov

Ping Result

Please wait, resolving www.whitehouse.gov....

Resolved to 205.161.7.102.

Response from 205.161.7.102 received in 7 milliseconds.

Response from 205.161.7.102 received in 6 milliseconds.

Response from 205.161.7.102 received in 7 milliseconds.

User stopped ping.

Enter either the IP address of the target computer or enter its fully qualified domain name.

Schedules

Schedules can be created for use with enforcing rules. For example, if you want to restrict web access to Mon-Fri from 3pm to 8pm, you could create a schedule selecting Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, and Fri and enter a Start Time of 3pm and End Time of 8pm.

Add/Edit Schedule Rule

In this section you can add entries to the Schedule Rules List below or edit existing entries.

Name Give the schedule a name that is meaningful to you, such as "Weekday rule".

Day(s) Place a checkmark in the boxes for the desired days or select the All Week radio button to

All Day - 24 hrs Select this option if you want this schedule in effect all day for the selected day(s).

Start Time If you don't use the All Day option, then you enter the time here. The start time is

End Time The end time is entered in the same format as the start time. The hour in the first box

Save/Update Record the changes you have made into the following list.

Clear Re-initialize this area of the screen, discarding any changes you have made.

Schedule Rules List

This section shows the currently defined Schedule Rules. An entry can be changed by clicking the Edit icon or can be deleted by clicking the Delete icon. When you click the Edit icon, the item is highlighted, and the "Edit Schedule Rule" section is activated for editing.

select all seven days of the week.

entered in two fields. The first box is for the hour and the second box is for the minute. Email events are normally triggered only by the start time.

and the minutes in the second box. The end time is used for most other rules, but is not normally used for email events.

Status

Device Info

All of your Internet and network connection details are displayed on the Device Info page. The firmware version is also displayed here.

Note: Some browsers have limitations that make it impossible to update the WAN status display when the status changes. Some browsers require that you refresh the display to obtain updated status. Some browsers report an error condition when trying to obtain WAN status.

LAN Computers

This area of the screen continually updates to show all DHCP enabled computers and devices connected to the LAN side of your router. The detection "range" is limited to the address range as configured in DHCP Server. Computers that have an address outside of this range will not show. If the DHCP Client (i.e. a computer configured to "Automatically obtain an address") supplies a Host Name then that will also be shown. Any computer or device that has a static IP address that lies within the detection "range" may show, however its host name will not.

IGMP Multicast memberships

If IGMP is enabled, this area of the screen shows all multicast groups of which any LAN devices are members.

Routing

The Routing Status page shows both the static routes (configured in Advanced Routing ) and the dynamic→ routes (for example, from a DHCP assigned WAN address).

Logs

The router automatically logs (records) events of possible interest in its internal memory. If there is not enough internal memory for all events, logs of older events are deleted, but logs of the latest events are retained. The Logs option allows you to view the router logs. You can define what types of events you want to view and the level of events to view. This router also has external Syslog Server support so you can send the log files to a computer on your network that is running a Syslog utility.

What to View Select the kinds of events that you want to view.

• Firewall and Security

• System

• Router Status

View Levels Select the level of events that you want to view.

Apply Log Settings Now

Refresh Clicking this button refreshes the display of log entries. There may be new events since

Clear Clicking this button erases all log entries.

Save Log Select this option to save the router log to a file on your computer.

Statistics

Sent The number of packets sent from the router.

Received The number of packets received by the router.

TX Packets Dropped

RX Packets Dropped

Collisions The number of packets that were dropped due to Ethernet collisions (two or more devices

• Critical

• Warning

• Informational

Click this button after changing Log Options to make them effective and permanent.

the last time you accessed the log.

The number of packets that were dropped while being sent, due to errors, collisions, or router resource limitations.

The number of packets that were dropped while being received, due to errors, collisions, or router resource limitations.

attempting to use an Ethernet circuit at the same time).

Errors The number of transmission failures that cause loss of a packet.

Internet Sessions

The Internet Sessions page displays full details of active Internet sessions through your router. An Internet session is a conversation between a program or application on a LAN-side computer and a program or application on a WAN-side computer.

Local The IP address and, where appropriate, port number of the local application.

NAT The port number of the LAN-side application as viewed by the WAN-side application.

Internet The IP address and, where appropriate, port number of the application on the Internet.

Protocol The communications protocol used for the conversation.

State State for sessions that use the TCP protocol.

• NO: None -- This entry is used as a placeholder for a future connection that may

occur.

• SS: SYN Sent -- One of the systems is attempting to start a connection.

• EST: Established -- the connection is passing data.

• FW: FIN Wait -- The client system has requested that the connection be stopped.

• CW: Close Wait -- the server system has requested that the connection be stopped.

• TW: Time Wait -- Waiting for a short time while a connection that was in FIN Wait is

fully closed.

• LA: Last ACK -- Waiting for a short time while a connection that was in Close Wait is

fully closed.

• CL: Closed -- The connection is no longer active but the session is being tracked in

case there are any retransmitted packets still pending.

Dir The direction of initiation of the conversation:

Out: Initiated from LAN to WAN.

In: Initiated from WAN to LAN.

Priority The preference given to outbound packets of this conversation by the QoS Engine logic.

Time Out The number of seconds of idle time until the router considers the session terminated. The

Smaller numbers represent higher priority.

initial value of Time Out depends on the type and state of the connection.

300 seconds: UDP connections.

240 seconds: Reset or closed TCP connections. The connection does not close instantly so that lingering packets can pass or the connection can be re-established.

7800 seconds: Established or closing TCP connections.

Firewall Holes

An Internet session is a conversation between a program or application on a LAN-side computer and a program or application on a WAN-side computer. You can view current sessions on the Internet Sessions page. Normally, all connections are started by a LAN-side computer that initiates a session with an Internet-side (WAN-side) computer. Connections from LAN to WAN are always allowed, when possible and in accordance with any policies you set.

If an WAN-side computer attempts to start a connection with a LAN-side computer, that connection attempt will, under normal circumstances, be blocked by the "firewall", and a record of the attempt will be written in the Log.

However, certain useful kinds of Internet sessions are normally initiated from WAN-side computers. To allow connections to be started by WAN-side computers, a "hole" must be created in the firewall.

Firewall holes can be created by several means. You can explicitly create holes with Virtual Server, Port forwarding, and Gaming rules, for example. Also, UPnP devices and LAN-side computers can ask for a hole to be created -- typically the case with peer-to-peer programs, such as Bit Torrent, and IM programs, such as Windows Live Messenger Service -- but there are many other types. The router itself can even create holes for its own use.

The firewall holes page shows currently open holes. It shows you the types of connections that can be started by

Internet computers. It also shows the LAN-side computer that will receive any connection started by an Internet computer.

Local The IP address of the LAN-side computer that will receive packets started by an Internet

computer on this connection.

NAT If the router has more than one WAN-side IP address, the connection attempts are

Internet An IP address entry means that only that IP address can start a connection. An entry of

Protocol The internet protocol that this connection is allowed to use.

Private Ports The LAN-side ports used for the connection.

Public Ports The WAN-side ports used for the connection.

Type Specifies both how the hole was created and what the hole is used for. For example,

Active For holes that are created by scheduled rules, shows whether the rule is currently

limited to the address shown. An entry of "*.*.*.*" means any IP address.

"*.*.*.*" means any IP address. A policy-name entry means that the connection is limited to that policy.

"Virtual server \ SMTP" shows that the hole was created as a virtual server rule for the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol..

scheduled.

Genexis OCG-218, OCG-220, OCG-2018, OCG-2020 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Installation guide

Introduction

Product overview

The front of the router

The side of the router

Installation

Getting started

Configuring the router (optional)

Troubleshooting

Appendix: Router settings

Basic

Network Settings

Advanced

Virtual Server

Special Applications

Port Forwarding

Routing

Access Control

Website Filter

Firewall Settings

Inbound Filter

Advanced Network

Tools

Administrator Settings

Time

System

Dynamic DNS

System Check

Schedules

Status

Device Info

Routing

Logs

Statistics

Internet Sessions

Firewall Holes