MDS SD4$ Series
Secure, Long Range IP/Ethernet & Serial
Technical Manual
Covering ES/SS Units with Firmware Version 4.x
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. 01
Anatel Homologation Manual
JULY 2011
Installation and Operation Guide
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Need Quick-Start instructions for this product? Please refer to publication 05-4847A01.
All GE MDS user guides are available online at www.gemds.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Conventions Used in This Manual ................................................................................................. 1
2.0 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Front Panel Connectors and Indicators .........................................................................................3
2.2 Key Product Features .................................................................................................................... 4
Media Access Control (MAC)...........................................................................................................4
VLAN Capability............................................................................................................................... 5
Terminal Server Capability ............................................................................................................... 5
Store and Forward Capability...........................................................................................................5
2.3 SD Model Offerings .......................................................................................................................6
2.4 Operating Modes and Applicable Manuals .................................................................................... 6
2.5 Accessories and Spares ................................................................................................................ 7
Protected Network Station ............................................................................................................... 8
Dual Protected Configurations ......................................................................................................... 9
3.0 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS .................................................................................................. 10
3.1 Operating Parameters ................................................................................................................. 10
3.2 Example Systems ........................................................................................................................ 11
Multiple Address Systems (MAS) ..................................................................................................11
Point-to-Point System .................................................................................................................... 11
IP/Ethernet Polling and Terminal Server Operation ....................................................................... 12
Port Sharing with Multiple Hosts .................................................................................................... 13
Push Communication (Report-by Exception) ................................................................................. 14
IP Polling of Serial Remotes ..........................................................................................................14
Serial Remotes with Two Serial Ports............................................................................................15
4.0 INSTALLATION PLANNING ............................................................................................... 17
4.1 Mounting Options ........................................................................................................................17
Optional DIN Rail Mounting ........................................................................................................... 18
4.2 Antennas and Feedlines .............................................................................................................. 19
Antennas........................................................................................................................................ 19
Feedlines ....................................................................................................................................... 19
4.3 DC Power Connection .................................................................................................................20
4.4 Grounding Considerations ........................................................................................................... 21
4.5 Ethernet Data Interface (RJ-45) .................................................................................................. 21
4.6 Serial Data Interfaces .................................................................................................................. 22
COM1 (Serial) Connection............................................................................................................. 23
COM2 (Data) Connections.............................................................................................................24
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual i
5.0 STEP-BY-STEP INSTALLATION ........................................................................................ 26
5.1 Initial Configuration ...................................................................................................................... 27
Web-Based Management .............................................................................................................. 27
Alternative Management Methods .................................................................................................28
Web Browser Connection .............................................................................................................. 28
5.2 Initial Startup & Checkout ............................................................................................................ 30
Ethernet Connector LEDs .............................................................................................................. 31
5.3 Optimizing the Radio Network ..................................................................................................... 31
Modem Type Setting......................................................................................................................31
Inter-Packet Gap Settings..............................................................................................................32
Baud Rate Setting..........................................................................................................................32
Ethernet Settings ........................................................................................................................... 32
Antenna SWR Check .....................................................................................................................33
6.0 USING THE DEVICE MANAGER....................................................................................... 34
6.1 Navigating the Screens ............................................................................................................... 34
Overview Screen............................................................................................................................ 35
6.2 Management Tasks ..................................................................................................................... 36
6.3 Configuration Screens ................................................................................................................. 41
Radio.............................................................................................................................................. 41
Store and Forward Operation......................................................................................................... 45
Features......................................................................................................................................... 50
Understanding the Use of Virtual Radio Channels (VRCs)............................................................55
Using the Terminal Server—Typical Example................................................................................ 59
Communications Ports...................................................................................................................63
Security ..........................................................................................................................................66
6.4 Maintenance & Status Screen .....................................................................................................68
Event Log....................................................................................................................................... 69
Alarm Summary ............................................................................................................................. 69
Performance .................................................................................................................................. 71
Radio Test...................................................................................................................................... 73
Firmware Utilities ........................................................................................................................... 76
Configuration Files ......................................................................................................................... 81
7.0 TROUBLESHOOTING....................................................................................................... 83
7.1 LED Indicators ............................................................................................................................. 84
7.2 Checking for Alarms/Events ........................................................................................................85
Major Alarms vs. Minor Alarms ...................................................................................................... 85
Status and Informational Events .................................................................................................... 85
Event Code Definitions .................................................................................................................. 86
7.3 Operating Constraints .................................................................................................................. 87
8.0 TECHNICAL REFERENCE ................................................................................................ 88
8.1 Performing Network-Wide Remote Diagnostics .......................................................................... 88
Setting Up Diagnostics................................................................................................................... 89
8.2 Over-the-Air Firmware Upgrades ................................................................................................ 89
Intrusive vs. Passive (Non-Intrusive) Mode ................................................................................... 90
OTA Reprogramming Overview .....................................................................................................91
ii SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
Cancelling OTA Reprogramming ................................................................................................... 92
Error Conditions/Recovery.............................................................................................................92
Execution and Screen Examples ...................................................................................................92
8.3 COM1 Operating Modes ............................................................................................................. 93
Changing COM1 Modes ................................................................................................................ 93
8.4 Implementing Sleep Mode ........................................................................................................... 94
8.5 User-Programmable I/O Functions ..............................................................................................95
8.6 Technical Specifications ............................................................................................................. 95
8.7 dBm-Watts-Volts Conversion Chart ............................................................................................. 97
9.0 GLOSSARY OF TERMS & ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................... 98
Copyright and Trademark
This manual and all software described herein is protected by Copyright: 2011 GE MDS, LLC. All
rights reserved. GE MDS, LLC reserves its right to correct any errors and omissions in this publication. Modbus® is a registered trademark of Schneider Electric Corporation. All other trademarks
and product names are the property of their respective owners.
Quality Policy Statement
We, the employees of GE MDS, are committed to understanding and exceeding our customer’s
needs and expectations.
• We appreciate our customers’ patronage. They are our business.
• We promise to serve them and anticipate their needs.
• We are committed to providing solutions that are cost effective, innovative and reliable, with
consistently high levels of quality.
We are committed to the continuous improvement of all of our systems and processes, to improve
product quality and increase customer satisfaction.
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual iii
RF Safety Notice
Concentrated energy from a directional antenna may pose a health hazard to
humans. Do not allow people to come closer to the antenna than the distances
listed in the table below when the transmitter is operating. More information on
RF exposure can be found online at the following website:
www.fcc.gov/oet/info/documents/bulletins.
Antenna Gain vs. Minimum RF Safety Distance
Safety Distance (SD4) 0.79 meter 1.41 meters 3.05 meters
Antenna Gain
0–5 dBi 5–10 dBi 10–16.5 dBi
FCC Part 15 Notice
Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may
cause undesired operation. Any unauthorized modification or changes to this device without the
express approval of the manufacturer may void the user’s authority to operate this device. Furthermore, this device is intended to be used only when installed in accordance with the instructions outlined in this manual. Failure to comply with these instructions may void the user’s authority to
operate this device.
Industry Canada Notice
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
Manual Revision and Accuracy
This manual was prepared to cover a specific version of firmware code. Accordingly, some screens
and features may differ from the actual unit you are working with. While every reasonable effort
has been made to ensure the accuracy of this publication, product improvements may also result in
minor differences between the manual and the product shipped to you. If you have additional questions or need an exact specification for a product, please contact GE MDS using the information at
the back of this guide. In addition, manual updates can often be found on our web site at
www.gemds.com.
iv SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
Environmental Information
Battery Disposal
—This product may contain a battery. Batteries must be disposed of properly,
and may
not
documentation for specific battery information. Batteries are marked with a symbol, which may
include lettering to indicate cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), or mercury (Hg). For proper recycling
return the battery to your supplier or to a designated collection point. For more information see:
www.weeerohsinfo.com
The manufacture of this equipment has required the extraction and use of natural resources.
Improper disposal may contaminate the environment and present a health risk due to hazardous
substances contained within. To avoid dissemination of these substances into our environment, and
to limit the demand on natural resources, we encourage you to use the appropriate recycling systems for disposal. These systems will reuse or recycle most of the materials found in this equipment
in a sound way. Please contact GE MDS or your supplier for more information on the proper disposal of this equipment.
be disposed of as unsorted municipal waste in the European Union. See the product
Product Test Data Sheets
Test Data Sheets showing the original factory test results for this unit are available upon request
from the GE MDS Quality Leader. Contact the factory using the information at the back of this
manual. Serial numbers must be provided for each product where a Test Data Sheet is required.
BSD License Information
The SD Series products contain source code originally released as part of “WPA Supplicant” which
is copyrighted as indicated below and is redistributed under the terms of the BSD license:
WPA Supplicant
Copyright (c) 2003-2010, Jouni Malinen <j@w1.fi> and contributors
All Rights Reserved.
BSD License
------Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted pro-
vided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and
the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. Neither the name(s) of the above-listed copyright holder(s) nor the names of its contributors may
be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written
permission.
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual v
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
“AS IS” AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
vi SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This Technical Manual is one of two publications for users of the MDS
SD Series Transceiver shown in Figure 1. It contains an overview of
common applications, installation planning data, specifications, troubleshooting, and instructions on using the web-based Device Manager for
user control. This manual is intended for technical personnel who perform network design, configuration, and troubleshooting of the equipment.
A companion Setup Guide is also available (Part no. 05-4847A01). The
scope of the Setup Guide is limited to installing the transceiver and
placing it in service for the first time. All product documentation may be
downloaded free of charge from the GE MDS website at
www.gemds.com. The website also contains links to Application Bulletins
and other product information.
Invisible place holder
Software & Device
Manager Notations
Model Number
Notations
Figure 1. MDS SD$ Transceiver
1.1 Conventions Used in This Manual
This product is designed for software control via a connected PC. To
show the names of screen items, keyboard entries, or other information
displayed on a PC, a distinctive bolded font is used throughout the
manual that appears as follows:
Bolded font example (for screen names and keyboard entries)
To show the navigation path leading to a particular screen, this same
font is used with forward-pointing arrows between screen names. For
example, suppose you wish to access the radio’s Packet Settings Screen.
The navigation string shown for it would appear as follows:
Configuration>>Packet Settings
The term “SD” or “SD Series” is used in this manual to denote all
models in the SD product line. Specific model numbers are used only
when necessary to reference model-specific features.
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 1
Authorization
Features
Some features of the radio are dependent on purchased options and
applicable regulatory constraints. A “key” icon is shown near the
heading of any such features. In some cases a feature upgrade may be
available. Contact your sales representative for additional information.
2 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
2.0 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
ANTENNA
CONNECTOR (TNC)
SERIAL DATA
CONNECTORS (DB-9)
DC INPUT
POWER
LED INDICATOR
PANEL
ETHERNET
CONNECTOR (RJ-45)
COM1 used for radio management
The SD Transceiver is a software-configurable, industrial radio for use
in licensed data acquisition networks. It may be interfaced with a variety
of data control equipment including remote terminal units (RTUs), programmable logic controllers (PLCs), flow computers, and similar
devices. Data interface connections may be made for both serial
(RS-232/RS-485) and Ethernet protocols. It is designed for use with
both polled networks and report-by-exception (push) systems.
The radio employs digital signal processing (DSP) technology and a
fully digital transmit and receive IF chain to provide robust communications even under adverse conditions. DSP technology also helps eliminate the effects of component variations or temperature changes,
resulting in optimized performance at all times.
2.1 Front Panel Connectors and Indicators
Figure 2 shows the transceiver’s front panel connectors and indicators.
These items are referenced in the installation steps and in various other
locations in the manual. The transceiver’s LED functions are described
in Table 10 on Page 31.
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Figure 2. Front Panel Connectors & Indicators
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 3
2.2 Key Product Features
The transceiver is designed to meet the demanding needs of today’s
wireless networks in a compact, and rugged package. It offers an array
of features in a single hardware platform:
• Software-configurable via a built-in Device Manager—no manual controls or adjustments.
• Media Access Control (MAC) to prevent data collisions when two
or more radios try to use the radio channel at the same time.
• Available encryption of payload data (AES 128-bit)
• Supports Virtual LAN (VLAN) operation
• Terminal Server capability to enable IP addressing of serial
interface ports on individual radios
• Store and Forward capability
• Supports a wide variety of modem speeds and bandwidths for regulatory compliance in virtually all regions of the world
• Ethernet & serial interfaces—ideal for migration to IP networks
• Dual serial functionality (RS-232 and RS-485)
• Over-the-air reprogramming of remote units—no unnecessary
trips to radio sites
• Licensed 5-watt design, maximizes communications range with
low interference risk from other users
• Configurable via software as a Remote or a Master unit
• Low power “sleep mode”—ideal for battery-powered solar sites
• Virtual Radio Channels (VRC) support multiple polling applications on one radio
NOTE: Some features may not be available on all units, depending on the
options purchased and regulatory constraints for the region in which
the radio will operate.
Media Access Control (MAC)
An important feature of the SD Transceiver is Media Access Control
(MAC). The SD's MAC is specifically designed for use with narrow
bandwidth, half duplex radio networks such as those commonly used in
licensed telemetry systems. When the MAC is enabled, it provides efficient support of multiple data traffic models including multiple hosts,
synchronous and asynchronous polls, and report-by-exception (push
traffic).
Coordination of
Channel Access
The main objective of the MAC is to coordinate channel access for all
radios in the network, preventing data “collisions” that can occur with
simultaneous transmissions from radios on the same RF frequency.
With MAC operation a single radio is configured as an Access Point
(AP) and other units are designated as Remotes. The AP serves as the
controller of the RF network. Remotes request permission from the AP
4 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
to use the RF channel before sending payload data, thus avoiding collisions of data, and creating a highly reliable wireless network. The MAC
is responsible for allocating which unit gets access to the broadcast
medium (the RF channel), when, and for how long.
Data Validation Additionally, the MAC validates all messages and purges corrupted data
from the system. Successful delivery of data is ensured through the use
of retries and acknowledgements. Minimal overhead is used to accomplish these tasks, which translates to increased bandwidth efficiency of
the radio channel with minimal latency, ensuring that messages are
delivered in a timely manner.
VLAN Capability
A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is essentially a limited broadcast domain, meaning that all members of a VLAN receive broadcast
frames sent by members of the same network, but not frames sent by
members of a different network.
The SD supports port-based VLAN at the Ethernet interface and over
the air, according to the IEEE 802.1Q standard. When VLAN Mode is
enabled, the wireless ports of both AP and Remote radios act as a “trunk
port” to carry data.
Terminal Server Capability
The unit’s Terminal Server option allows serial port data to be sent over
the air in the form of IP packets. It works by encapsulating data from the
serial (COM1/COM2) ports as IP packets, then transmitting it over the
air. At the receiving end, the data is decapsulated and delivered to the
appropriate COM port. See “Terminal Server COM1/2 Configuration”
on Page 58 for more information.
Store and Forward Capability
Store and forward (SAF) capability is available in Packet with MAC
mode. It allows a radio to store up incoming data, and retransmit it a
short time later to other stations. This can be used to link outlying
remote stations to the AP when direct communication is not possible due
to terrain, distance, or other obstructions.
Communication routes are automatically discovered and traffic is intelligently filtered so that only store and forward traffic is sent through the
SAF unit, conserving critical bandwidth in your network.
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 5
2.3 SD Model Offerings
The radio is offered in three model types, using one hardware platform:
• Ethernet—All SD features and functionality
• Standard—All SD features, except over-the-air Ethernet data
• x710—Direct, drop-in compatibility for networks using a mix of
SD and older MDS x710 radios
Model Number
Codes
Standard Modes
Covered by This
Manual
The unit’s complete model number is printed on the bottom label. Additional unit details are available through the Overview Screen, described
later in this manual.
2.4 Operating Modes and Applicable Manuals
The radio may be configured to operate in any of the following modes:
• Packet Mode—Payload data from the radio’s serial and Ethernet
ports is assembled into packets and transmitted over the air.
Packet mode supports Ethernet Bridging, AES 128-bit encryption, and Virtual Radio Channels (VRC). This mode requires an
all SD radio network.
• Packet w/MAC—This mode is similar to the above, but adds a
Media Access Control (MAC) layer to the feature set. The MAC
provides robust collision avoidance, with an AP controlling
which unit can access the communication channel, and when, for
maximum efficiency of the radio channel. This mode supports
push traffic, data retry, and store and forward operation. This
mode requires an all SD radio network.
• Transparent Mode—This mode is over-the-air compatible with
MDS x710 transceivers, while supporting payload data encapsulated in IP at the Ethernet port. This mode is ideal for mixed networks containing SD and older MDS x710 radios. It allows
currently deployed x710 networks to add support for Ethernet
data at either the master or remote radios. Note that Ethernet
Bridging is not supported in this mode. This manual covers
Transparent Mode radios.
x710 Mode (Different
Manual Required)
6 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
• x710 Mode—This mode provides direct, drop-in compatibility
with MDS x710 (4710 or 9710) transceivers, and uses the same
core command set as these radios. It is designed for use in systems
containing a mix of newer SD radios and legacy MDS x710 units.
This manual does not cover x710 Mode operation. Refer instead
to the following manuals for x710 instructions:
• Start-Up Guide (x710 Mode)— Part No. 05-4669A01
• Technical Manual (x710 Mode)—Part No. 05-4670A01
Invisible place holder
Figure 3. SD Transceivers offer compatibility with older MDS x710
Transceivers (left), and may be used for replacement and/or
interoperability in these networks. A retrofit kit is available for
connector conversion (see Table 1).
2.5 Accessories and Spares
Table 1 lists common accessories and spare items for the transceiver.
GE MDS also offers an Accessories Selection Guide listing additional
items that may be used with the product. Visit www.gemds.com or contact
your factory representative to obtain a copy of the guide.
Table 1. Accessories & Spare Items
Accessory Description Part Number
DC Power Plug,
2-pin, polarized
Retrofit Kit, Digital Contains adapters and connectors
Retrofit Kit, Analog Contains adapters and connectors
Setup Guide
(for Packet and
Transparent Modes)
Flat Mounting
Brackets
(Standard)
Flat Mounting
Brackets
(x710-compatible)
Mates with power connector on radio
case. Screw terminals provided for
wires, threaded locking screws to
prevent accidental disconnect.
needed to facilitate the replacement
of an existing MDS x710A/C/M
digital transceiver.
needed to facilitate the replacement
of an existing MDS x710A/C/M
analog transceiver.
Describes the installation and setup
of the transceiver. A companion to
this Technical Manual.
Brackets that attach to the bottom of
the unit. Used for mounting to a flat
mounting surface.
Brackets that attach to the bottom of
the unit. Used for mounting to a flat
mounting surface. Bracket matches
MDS x710 Transceiver mounting
holes.
73-1194A53
03-4696A01
03-4697A01
05-4847A01
03-4123A14
Consult
Factory
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 7
Table 1. Accessories & Spare Items (Continued)
Accessory Description Part Number
DIN Rail Mounting
Bracket Kit
Reprogramming
Application for
Firmware Upgrade
Contains bracket for mounting the
transceiver to standard 35 mm DIN
rails commonly used in equipment
cabinets and panels.
Automated software program for
upgrading the radio’s internal
firmware code. This application is
under development at press time.
Check with your factory
representative for availability.
03-4125A04
06-6241A01
Protected Network Station
The transceiver is available in a protected network configuration, known
as the SDxP (Figure 4), where x denotes the particular model of SD
transceiver installed inside the chassis (i.e., SD.
The SDxP is a tabletop or rack-mount unit designed to hold two transceivers, two power supplies, and a switchover logic board that automatically selects between transceiver A or B as the active unit. Manual
selection may also be made using a front panel switch.
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Figure 4. Protected Network Station
With two transceivers and two power supplies installed, the unit continues to communicate even if a failure occurs in one of the transceivers,
or its associated power supply. This capability is important in critical
applications where uninterrupted service is required. Refer to publication 05-4161A01 for detailed information on this product.
8 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
Dual Protected Configurations
Two dual transceiver configurations are offered for the SD Series. They
are known as the SDxDT and the SDxDP. These configurations are used
for the following purposes:
• When full duplex operation is desired using dedicated Transmit
and Receive transceivers.
• When a Master or Repeater site requires bandpass duplexers due
to the presence of co-located antennas.
• When streaming Repeater operation is desired using dedicated
Transmit and Receive transceivers
SDxDT
Configuration
SDxDP
Configuration
The SDxDT uses the same chassis as the SDxP described above. However, one radio is configured with the transmit frequency and the other
for the receive frequency with appropriate connections between them. It
also includes a bandpass duplexer tuned to a specific frequency for
simultaneous transmission and reception (full duplex) operation. Note
that the SDxDT provides one serial port and one Ethernet port for user
equipment.
The SDxDP is a protected, full duplex Master or Repeater site configuration. This consists of two SDxP chassis described earlier, with appropriate interconnect cabling between the units. The radios in one SDxP
are configured with the transmit frequency and the radios in the other
are configured with the receive frequency. The SDxDP also includes a
bandpass duplexer tuned to a specific frequency for simultaneous transmission and reception (full duplex) operation.
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 9
3.0 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
This section describes common scenarios the transceiver may be used
in. A number of variations are possible; If you have unique requirements
not found here, it is recommended that you consult a support specialist
at GE MDS. Contact information is provided at the back of this manual.
3.1 Operating Parameters
The transceiver can operate in both poll-response and “push” communication/report-by-exception networks. In poll-response networks a central Master unit communicates with a number of Remote radios one at a
time. The Master exchanges data with the currently-connected Remote,
and when finished, it establishes a new connection with the next Remote
in the polling order. In push communication/Report by Exception networks, a Remote can also transmit if it has data to send, typically
prompted by a change in status conditions from connected data equipment.
The radio includes a number of parameters which may be set to suit the
requirements of a particular application. Table 2 provides a summary of
common applications, protocols, and radio modes used. Refer to the
table to determine what applications can be supported and the required
radio settings.
Table 2. Application Types vs. Key Radio Settings
Application
Polled Bridged Ethernet MODBUS TCP Packet w/MAC May also use Packet mode and enable LBT
Bridged Ethernet IP(ICMP/TCP/UDP/
Mixed Serial and Bridged
Ethernet
Report by Exception Serial and/or IP Packet w/MAC
Single Poll Multiple
Response
Two or more concurrent
serial polling applications
(COM2, COM1, and /or
IP Payload at master
Single Port Serial Polling
with encryption (COM2 or
COM1)
Single Port Serial Polling
without encryption
(COM2, COM1, or IP
Payload at master)
Protocol
(Example)
MODBUS TCP)
MODBUS RTU & IP Packet w/MAC
Serial and/or IP Packet w/MAC
DNP3 and Modbus
RTU
Modbus RTU Packet AES On
Modbus RTU Transparent AES Off
Recommended
Radio Mode
Packet w/MAC May also use Packet mode and enable LBT
Packet w/MAC
Notes
w/Listen on RX.
w/Listen on RX.
10 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
3.2 Example Systems
RTU
MASTER STATION
REMOTE RADIO
REMOTE RADIO
RTU
HOST SYSTEM
OR: SDA-Augmented
Master Station
RTU
REMOTE RADIO
RTU
REMOTE RADIO
The following sections describe common system arrangements for the
SD transceiver. Other variations are possible, and if you have questions
about a specific application not covered here, you may contact your factory representative using the information at the back of this guide. For
typical radio settings in these systems, refer to Table 2 on Page 10.
Multiple Address Systems (MAS)
This is a common application for the transceiver. It consists of a central
master unit and several associated remote units as shown in Figure 5. An
MAS network provides communication between a central host computer and remote terminal units (RTUs) or other data collection devices
in the field. Often, such a system is used to carry telemetry data to and
from widely separated remote radios.
Typical MAS applications may be for automatic, remote monitoring of
gas wells, water tank levels, electric power distribution systems, and
similar control and measurement functions.
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Point-to-Point System
Where permitted, the transceiver may also be used in a point-to-point
arrangement. A point-to-point system consists of just two radios—one
master and one remote (see Figure 6). It provides a simplex (or
half-duplex) communications link for the transfer of data between two
locations.
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 11
Figure 5. Typical MAS Point-to-Multipoint Network
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HOST
COMPUTER
REMOTE RADIO
MASTER RADIO
RTU
MASTER UNIT
To Ethernet Port
REMOTE RADIO
(One of several possible sites)
Ethernet
Serial RTU
(Terminal Server Connection)
REMOTE RADIO
(One of several possible sites)
Ethernet RTU
Ethernet
Serial
Figure 6. Typical Point-to-Point Link
IP/Ethernet Polling and Terminal Server Operation
Modern data/control networks often employ IP/Ethernet connectivity
throughout the system. The SD transceiver is well suited to provide connectivity between such sites using its RJ-45 modular connector on the
front panel and enabling Ethernet Bridging capabilities. Figure 7 shows
an overview of such a system.
Note that the Remote radio on the right side of the illustration uses a
serial connection. The SD radio’s Terminal Server feature allows direct
IP/addressing of serial ports on selected radios. See “Terminal Server
COM1/2 Configuration” on Page 58 for more details.
Figure 7. IP/Ethernet Polling Example
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12 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
This type of network can also be used for general Ethernet bridging as
supported by the over-the-air bandwidth of the system. Bridge filters are
available to reduce Ethernet traffic over the RF channel, and improve
performance.
Port Sharing with Multiple Hosts
The transceiver allows for several external data networks to use the
same RF network without confusing the data streams. In such a system,
multiple host computers at the Master Unit poll their respective RTUs,
which may be alone or co-located at the Remote sites. Figure 8 shows
an example of such a system. In this case, two host computers (Host A
and Host B) are connected to the Master Unit via the applicable data
ports.
At the Remote sites, serial and Ethernet-based RTUs are employed, and
responding to a specific host computer. In the case of the Remote shown
on the lower right side of the figure, two RTUs are co-located, but
responding to different host computers and handling entirely different
data streams.
The SD eliminates the need for an external adapter or special external
configuration and handshaking when multiple host systems are connected to an SD network. The SD automatically controls access to the
RF channel by multiple hosts when Packet w/MAC is activated. Virtual
Radio Channels (VRCs) are used to separate serial data streams on
COM2, COM1, or IP payload ports. Packet With MAC operation provides Media Access Control. It is the recommended method of operation
for port sharing systems.
NOTE: An option exists to operate in Packet mode without MAC.
However, this Packet mode option should only be used for
systems that use legacy methods of collision avoidance
including Multihost and Listen Before Transmit (LBT). The
mode Packet with MAC provides superior performance and
better network reliability, collision avoidance and better
overall throughput. See corresponding sections of this manual
for more information on Packet mode options.
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 13
MASTER RADIO
HOST COMPUTER
(Host A)
To Ethernet Port
REMOTE RADIO
(One of several possible sites)
Radio Mode: Packet w/MAC
Ethernet
HOST C
HOST COMPUTER
(Host B)
Device Settings Screen
Serial
To COM2
Serial Port
Ethernet RTU Responding to
Host A
Serial RTU Responding to
Host B
Ethernet
REMOTE RADIO
(One of several possible sites)
Serial RTU Responding to
Host B
Co-located RTUs
Responding to
Different Hosts
Figure 8. Multihost Arrangement Using Packet With MAC
Push Communication (Report-by Exception)
Push Communication, sometimes referred to as Report-by-Exception
(RBE), differs from polled response in that a remote radio can also
transmit when it has data to send. It does not depend on polling from a
master radio to initiate a transmission. Some typical characteristics of
push communication systems are as follows:
• Remotes transmit asynchronously
• May contain large amounts of data
• Buffering, flow control are used
DNP3 and IEC 104 are examples of protocols that implement push communication. Note that both the serial and Ethernet versions of DNP3
support push communication.
IP Polling of Serial Remotes
The transceiver is ideal for use in systems employing a mix of serial and
Ethernet protocols. While many variations are possible, Figure 9 shows
a typical arrangement with an Ethernet host at the Master Unit that is
polling serial-based RTUs at Remote sites.
14 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
In this example, the Host Computer is connected directly to the radio’s
MASTER RADIO
(TCP Client)
HOST COMPUTER
(TCP Server)
REMOTE RADIO
(One of several possible sites)
MODBUS® SERIAL RTU
To COM2
Serial Port
To Ethernet Port
REMOTE RADIO
(One of several possible sites)
To COM2
Serial Port
Ethernet Data Port Menu
MODBUS RTU
Protocol
MODBUS® SERIAL RTU
Ethernet port, and the RTUs at the Remote sites are connected to the
transceiver via the radio’s COM2 serial data ports. The IP Payload feature, used at the Master, efficiently passes TCP payload over the air, and
eliminates the need for an external terminal server. (COM1 may also be
used for payload data if properly configured via the menu system. See
next example.)
Invisible place holder
Serial Remotes with Two Serial Ports
In some cases, it is necessary to poll more than one RTU at a Remote
site. Figure 10 shows an example of such a system. Here, two RTUs are
connected to each Remote transceiver, both using the radio’s serial
ports—COM1 and COM2.
By default, the radio’s
functions with a connected PC, but it may be configured for data service
using the menu system. This arrangement allows two telemetry networks to share a single radio system.
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 15
Figure 9. IP Polling of Serial Remotes
COM1 port is configured for serial management
Packet With MAC is the recommended method of operation when both
MASTER RADIO
HOST COMPUTER
(Host A)
To Ethernet Port
REMOTE RADIO
(One of several possible sites)
TCP Ethernet
REMOTE RADIO
(One of several possible sites)
SERIAL RTU
SERIAL RTU
SERIAL RTU
SERIAL RTU
Radio Mode: Packet w/MAC
Device Settings Screen
serial ports are used to pass payload data if there are two hosts (e.g., Port
Sharing with multiple host case). If there is a single host polling all units,
packet or transparent mode is the preferred option (depending on
whether encryption is required or not) even if there are two RTUs connected to a Remote radio.
Figure 10. Serial Remotes with Two Serial Ports
16 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
4.0 INSTALLATION PLANNING
POWER SUPPLY
10.5–16 VDC @ 2.5A
Negative Ground Only
TRANSCEIVER
LOW-LOSS FEEDLINE
ANTENNA SYSTEM
ETHERNET
SERIAL
Master Stations typically use
omni-directional antenna
DATA TELEMETRY DEVICE
OR HOST COMPUTER
OR:
This section discusses the factors to be considered before installing the radio.
Careful planning of the installation site will help achieve optimal performance
from the transceiver. Step-by-step installation procedures begin on Page 26.
Figure 11 shows a typical remote station arrangement. The specific details at
an installation site may vary, but there are three main requirements for
installing the transceiver in all cases:
• Adequate and stable primary power
• An efficient and properly installed antenna system
• Correct interface connections between the transceiver and the data
device.
4.1 Mounting Options
The transceiver is normally provided with flat mounting brackets
attached to the bottom of the radio as shown in Figure 12. An optional
35mm DIN rail mounting bracket is also available, and is described
below.
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 17
Figure 11. Typical Station Arrangement (Remote shown)
Invisible place holder
6.675˝ (16.95 cm)
2.75˝ (7 cm)
Figure 12. Mounting Bracket Dimensions
NOTE: To prevent moisture from entering the radio, do not mount the case
with the cable connectors pointing up. Also, dress all cables to
prevent moisture from running along the cables and into the radio.
Optional DIN Rail Mounting
The unit may be mounted with an optional 35 mm DIN Rail Mounting
Bracket Kit (Part No. 03-4125A04). Equipment cabinets and racks of
modern design often employ this type of mounting. Once the DIN
bracket is attached to the radio, it allows for quick installation and
removal of the radio from its mounting rail without the need for tools.
The DIN Rail bracket attaches to the unit’s case as shown in Figure 13.
The entire assembly then attaches to the mounting rail.
18 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
Figure 13. Attachment & Mounting of DIN Rail Bracket
Step 1: Attach the bracket using the
Step 2: Clip the assembly onto the
DIN Rail. Removal is performed by
pulling down on the Release Tab.
Release T ab
two screws provided. (Attach to
the end opposite the unit’s connectors.)
(Unit shown is for example only, and is not an SD Transceiver.)
4.2 Antennas and Feedlines
Antennas
The transceiver may be used with a number of different antennas. The
exact style and gain factor depend on the physical size and layout of
your system. Connection is made to the radio via a TNC coaxial connector.
A directional Yagi (Figure 14) or corner reflector antenna is generally
used at remote sites to minimize interference to and from other users.
Antennas of this type are available from several manufacturers,
including GE MDS. Contact your factory representative for details.
Invisible place holder
Feedlines
The selection of an antenna feedline is very important. Poor quality
cable should be avoided as it will result in power losses that may reduce
the range and reliability of the radio system.
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 19
Figure 14. Typical Yagi Antenna (mounted to mast)
Table 3, Table 4, and Table 5 show the approximate losses that will
occur when using various lengths and types of coaxial cable in the 200,
400 and 960 MHz bands, respectively. Regardless of the type used, the
cable should be kept as short as possible to minimize signal loss.
Table 3. Signal Loss in Coaxial Cables (at 200 MHz)
10 Feet
Cable Type
RG-8A/U 0.26dB 1.27 dB 2.5 dB 5.07 dB
1/2 inch HELIAX
7/8 inch HELIAX
1-1/4 inch HELIAX
1-5/8 inch HELIAX
(3 Meters)
0.06 dB 0.38 dB 0.76 dB 1.6 dB
0.04 dB 0.21 dB 0.42 dB 0.83 dB
0.03 dB 0.16 dB 0.31 dB 0.62 dB
0.025 dB 0.13 dB 0.26 dB 0.52 dB
50 Feet
(15 Meters)
100 Feet
(30.5 Meters)
200 Feet
(61 Meters)
Table 4. Signal Loss in Coaxial Cables (at 400 MHz)
10 Feet
Cable Type
RG-8A/U 0.51dB 2.53 dB 5.07 dB 10.14 dB
1/2 inch HELIAX
7/8 inch HELIAX
1-1/4 inch HELIAX
1-5/8 inch HELIAX
(3 Meters)
0.12 dB 0.76 dB 1.51 dB 3.02 dB
0.08 dB 0.42 dB 0.83 dB 1.66 dB
0.06 dB 0.31 dB 0.62 dB 1.24 dB
0.05 dB 0.26 dB 0.52 dB 1.04 dB
50 Feet
(15 Meters)
100 Feet
(30.5 Meters)
200 Feet
(61 Meters)
Table 5. Length vs. Loss in Coaxial Cables (at 960 MHz)
10 Feet
Cable Type
RG-8A/U 0.85 dB 4.27 dB 8.54 dB 17.08 dB
1/2 inch HELIAX
7/8 inch HELIAX
1-1/4 inch HELIAX
1-5/8 inch HELIAX
(3.05 Meters)
0.23 dB 1.15 dB 2.29 dB 4.58 dB
0.13 dB 0.64 dB 1.28 dB 2.56 dB
0.10 dB 0.48 dB 0.95 dB 1.90 dB
0.08 dB 0.40 dB 0.80 dB 1.60 dB
50 Feet
(15.24 Meters)
100 Feet
(30.48 Meters)
200 Feet
(61 Meters)
4.3 DC Power Connection
The transceiver may be operated from any well-filtered 10.0 to 30 Vdc
power source. The supply must be capable of providing at least 2.5
Amperes continuously.
NOTE: Early SD4 models supported 10.5 to 16 Vdc power, not 10 to
30 Vdc. Always check the labeling above the power connector
to confirm the operating range for your unit.
20 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
A power connector with screw-terminals is provided with each unit (see
Lead
Screws (2)
Binding
Wire Ports (2)
(Polarity: Left +, Right –)
Retaining
Screws (2)
Figure 15). Strip the wire leads to 6 mm (1/4 inch) and insert in the wire
ports, tightening securely. Be sure to observe proper polarity as shown
in Figure 15.
Invisible place holder
Figure 15. DC Power Connector (P/N 73-1194A39)
NOTE: The radio is designed for use in negative ground systems only.
4.4 Grounding Considerations
To minimize the chance of damage to the transceiver and connected
equipment, a safety ground (NEC Class 2 compliant) is recommended
which bonds the antenna system, transceiver, power supply, and connected data equipment to a single-point ground, keeping all ground leads
as short as possible.
Normally, the transceiver is adequately grounded if the supplied flat
mounting brackets are used to mount the radio to a well-grounded metal
surface. If the transceiver is not mounted to a grounded surface, it is recommended that a safety ground wire be attached to one of the mounting
brackets or a screw on the transceiver’s case.
The use of a lightning protector is recommended where the antenna
cable enters the building; Bond the protector to the tower ground, if possible. All grounds and cabling must comply with applicable codes and
regulations.
4.5 Ethernet Data Interface (RJ-45)
The transceiver’s Ethernet Port is used to connect the unit to another
Ethernet device. The port has built-in MDIX (auto-sensing) capability,
allowing either a straight-through or crossover cable to be used.
Figure 16 and Table 6 show pinout data for the Ethernet port. The
Ethernet interface supports both radio management and payload data
transport functions.
For management, connecting to the radio via a web browser provides
enhanced functionality and ease-of-use over serial (
methods or Telnet. Web-based management is the preferred and primary
COM1) management
MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F SD Series Technical Manual 21
means of accessing the transceiver through the built-in SD Device Man-
8
1234
56
7
ager.
Telnet may also be used on this connector, and provides the same
menu-based user interface available via COM1. If you wish to use Telnet
for radio control, refer to the SD Serial/Telnet Management Supplement,
Part No. 05-6193A01.
Various options are available for passing Ethernet data on this connector, allowing system administrators to optimize the configuration for
maximum narrowband efficiency, based on the operating characteristics
of their system.
Figure 16. Ethernet Port (RJ-45) Pinout
(As viewed from the outside of the unit)
Table 6. Ethernet Port (IP/Ethernet) Pinouts
Pin Functions Ref.
1 Transmit Data (TX) High
2 Transmit Data (TX) Low
3 Receive Data (RX) High
4 Unused
5 Unused
6 Receive Data (RX) Low
7 Unused
8 Unused
4.6 Serial Data Interfaces
COM1 and COM2 on the front panel serve as the serial interface ports for
radio management and payload data, respectively. The following sections identify the pin functions used on each interface. These ports are
user-configurable for specific applications. The procedures for changing
their default operation are provided later in this guide.
NOTE: Not all PCs have a serial port. If one is not available, a
22 SD Series Technical Manual MDS 05-4846A01, Rev. F
USB-to-Serial adapter and appropriate driver software may be
used to provide serial connectivity. These adapters are available from several manufacturers, including GE MDS.
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