The contents of this manual are the property of General Electric Canada Inc. No
part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
except as permitted in written license agreement with General Electric Canada Inc.
General Electric Canada Inc. has made every reasonable attempt to ensure the
completeness and accuracy of this document. However, the information contained in
this manual is subject to change without notice, and does not represent a
commitment on the part of General Electric Canada Inc.
Any attached hardware schematics and technical descriptions, or software listings
that disclose source code, are for information purposes only. Reproduction in whole
or in part to create working hardware or software for other than General Electric
Canada Inc. products is strictly prohibited, except as permitted by written license
agreement with General Electric Canada Inc.
TRADEMARK
NOTICES
WESDAC is a registered trademark of General Electric Company, General Electric
Canada Inc. and/or GE Harris Energy Control Systems Canada, Inc. All other
brand and product names mentioned in this document are trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective companies.
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User's Guide
Modification Record
VERSIONREVISIONDATEINITIALSCOMMENT
128-Feb-2002RFNCreated1.00
220-Mar-2002RFNCorrected errors as per review
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SWM0023 1.00 2General
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Table of Contents
About This Document
Purpose and Audience of this User’s Guide................................................................................. viii
Support Services and Training ........................................................................................................ix
Chapter 1:Connecting and Using the 68K Monitor
Connecting to the 68K Monitor ...................................................................................................1-2
Command Input and Response..................................................................................................... 1-3
The 68K Monitor is a feature of all GE Energy Services products that use a variant
of the Motorola 68000 series of microprocessor.
Since the introduction of the first D20 products, the commands that are available in
the 68K Monitor have changed, been added to, and enhanced to address the
requirements of the newer products and their software components.
This guide summarizes all of the commands that you will find in any of GE Energy
Services’ products to-date. You will see in the next chapters that not all commands
are available in all products. Some commands exist only for product and software
development, and are not found in end-user products.
This section of the document contains the following topics
TopicSee Page
Purpose and Audience of this User’s Guideviii
Support Services and Trainingix
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Purpose and Audience of this User’s Guide
68K System Monitor
User's Guide
Job Titles
Experience &
Abilities
Prerequisites
What This
Document
Provides
While only experienced programmers should use many of the commands found in
this guide, maintenance technicians and other support personnel will also find this
guide useful.
GE Energy Services’ customers and employees who wish to view detailed
information about the software and hardware should use this guide.
This document assumes that you are familiar with software and programming
terminology and practices, and have some knowledge of both the hardware and
software.
This guide covers the commands found in the 68K Monitors that run on these
platforms:
• CPM running CPM Base
• D20 running D20 Base software
• D20 with D20 ME running D20 Base software
• D20 and D200 using CCU Base software
• D20 and D200 with D20 ME processors running CCU Base
• D25
Notes will show where a command or feature is unique to a specific platform.
!
WARNING
What This
Document Does
Not Provide.
Document Style
and Convention
Rules
This guide is a user reference for the 68K Monitor. It describes in detail the contents
and usage for each available user command. These commands are useful for testing
and debugging hardware and software as they provide a means for controlling the
system environment at a very low level.
The functions provided by 68K Monitors enable you to alter and manipulate the
system at a very low level. At this low level, it is easy to seriously disrupt an
operational system.
You must be aware of this possibility at all times.
There are no procedures in this document as users should already be familiar with
accessing and using GE Energy Services’ WESMAINT and monitor maintenance
facilities.
This manual uses the Systeme International (SI) and the Microsoft Manual of Style as
a basis for styles and conventions.
viii
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Support Services and Training
GE Energy Services
General
Need Help?
Website
Technical
Support
Contacting Us
GE Energy Services provides professional assistance in the use of all of its software
and hardware products.
If you feel that the information provided in this document is unclear or in error,
please contact GE Energy Services for assistance.
http://www.gepower.com/geharrisenergy/
Unlimited access is available to a wide variety of information and company services
including:
• product information
• training and,
• technical services.
Representatives are available Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
Mountain Time.
GE Energy Services
2728 Hopewell Place NE
Calgary, Alberta Canada
T1Y 7J7
An application interface provides an input to and output from the 68K Monitor.
This allows the 68K Monitor to ‘connect’ to any application or subsystem, and to
any type of hardware (capable of stream or block transfers).
As examples:
• WESMAINT or the Login Process can connect the 68K Monitorto a serial port.
• WESMAINT and the TELNET application can connect it to the TELNET
session.
The 68K Monitor can also be ‘connected’ to a file system to receive (read)
commands from a file and send (write) responses to another file.
This Chapter of the document contains the following topics
TopicSee Page
Connecting to the 68K Monitor1-2
Command Input and Response1-3
68K Monitor Display1-6
Error Messages1-7
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Connecting to the 68K Monitor
68K System Monitor
User's Guide
One 68K
Monitor At-ATime
68K Monitor
Prompts
Examples
While any application running in the system can activate the 68K Monitor, only one
instance of the monitor can be active at any one time.
If a second application attempts to start the 68K Monitor, it will refuse the second
application’s request.
The prompt produced by the 68K Monitor depends on the hardware platform and
the mode the device is in.
As examples:
The table below shows examples of the prompts that you may see on various devices
in different modes of operation.
When this
device…
BootROM (this is known as the System
is operating out of…you will see this
prompt…
D25S>D25
Monitor)
FLASH (this is known as the Application
D25A>
Monitor)
Service ModeD20MES>D20 ME
(CCU Base)
Active ModeD20MEA>
Terminating a
68K Monitor
TELNET Session
Auto-Logout
Timer
CPM or
Any ModeD20M>
D20M(++)
The 68K Monitor will detect a loss of connection in a TELNET session and will end
the monitor session, allowing a new connection to be established.
The 68K Monitor itself never terminates or initiates a TELNET session. Whatever
process starts the 68K Monitor handles this functionality.
Since only one 68K Monitor session is allowed at a time, it automatically terminates
a session if no input is received for 5 minutes (default) or after a user-programmed
interval.
Refer to: Page 3-4, AL - Change Auto-logout Timer for details about how this timer
can be changed.
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Command Input and Response
GE Energy Services
Input to the 68K
Monitor
Command Line
Limitations
Command
Format
Common
Command
Syntax
Input to the 68K Monitor is read from the ‘connected’ application / subsystem. The
input takes the form of user-entered commands.
The 68K Monitor accepts a command line:
• that is no longer than 80 characters, and
• consists of no more than 16 separate words or symbols.
− The definition of a word or string is one or more characters separated by one
or more spaces.
− Input may be either upper or lower case, except where noted.
Input may be either upper- or lower-case.
The format of all commands is as follows:
<command_name> < parameters arguments>
Where:
• command_name is one of the recognized commands, and
• parameter arguments are an optional list of command parameters.
You must format these commands in a definite way or syntax. You must understand
command syntax to understand detailed command descriptions in the following
chapters.
List of
Characters
This tables lists some of the characters used in command syntax:
CharacterNameDescription
/switchidentifies that the character following it affects
the type of processing performed by the
command
[ ]square brackets any arguments listed within them are optional
parameters that the command may use but does
not require
|OR symbolonly one of several consecutive arguments listed
within parenthesis “( )” is to be used
( )multiple
arguments
when not separated by the OR “|” character
means that if one of the arguments is used, they
must all be used
Continued on next page
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Command Input and Response, Continued
68K System Monitor
User's Guide
Possible
Responses
An Example, the
EDIT Command:
By entering a command at the prompt and pressing ENTER, one of the following
responses will happen.
If you enterandthen
a recognized
command
a recognized
command
a recognized
command
it does not require
special parameters
required parameters
are provided
parameters are
missing or invalid
the system will execute the command.
the system will execute the command.
a reminder line showing the correct
command syntax will appear, including
required and optional parameters.
an unrecognizable
command
--a general error will be issued indicating
that the command was not recognized.
If you type:
e [/(b | w | l | f | d)] address
According to the syntax conventions:
• The first field, e, must be entered as is, because it has no special characters
around it.
− If you press
ENTER after typing just the e, the line above appears to show you
the command parameter syntax.
• The second field, [/(b | w | l | f | d)], because it is enclosed in [ ], is optional.
− Select one of the valid switches within the parenthesis ( ) or leave it blank.
• The last field, address, is required.
Entering
Commands
Regular
Keyboard Input
1-4
The 68K Monitor allows editing of the command line by using regular keyboard
input as well as a few special key combinations.
In addition to entering any printable ASCII character onto the command line, the
following characters can be used:
This key…performs this function
ESCdeletes all current data on the command line and returns to the first
character position. (except D20 base and CPM)
ENTERexecutes any command that has been entered on the command line.
BACKSPACEremoves the last character from the end of the current command
line and moves the cursor one character position to the left.
Continued on next page
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Command Input and Response, Continued
Regular Keyboard Input (continued)
GE Energy Services
Special Control
Characters
You can use these special control characters to perform advanced editing and screen
navigation functions.
CommandCharactersDescription
AbortCTRL-Creturns the Monitor to the command line prompt
and aborts most commands being processed.
Note:a
CTRL-C command does not work in
a TELNET connection.
DeleteCTRL-Ddeletes the current character of the previous
command line.
InsertCTRL-I or
TAB
toggles the current mode to/from overwrite or
insert. The monitor always starts in overwrite
mode.
AdvanceCTRL-Acauses the monitor to copy the character from
the previous command buffer reference location
to the current location in the input command
buffer.
This character also returns the monitor to
overwrite mode.
RepeatCTRL-Rallows editing and re-execution of the previous
command by copying the previous command
line from the character at the previous
command reference location (up to the end of
the previous command buffer) into the current
input command buffer
Note:D20ME and D25 have a 5-line
command buffer.
ExecuteCTRL-Xcopies the most previously used command to
the command line and executes it.
Xoff, XonCTRL-S
and CTRL-Q
the combination of CTRL-S (Xoff) and CTRL-Q
(Xon) stops and starts scrolling of the monitor’s
display.
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68K Monitor Display
68K System Monitor
User's Guide
Output from the
68K Monitor
Display Output
An Example:
The 68K Monitor’s output is a stream of ASCII characters written back to the
‘connected’ application / subsystem. The command executed determines the exact
contents of the output.
When encountering a system exception error, or a defined breakpoint, exception and
breakpoint handling routines will generate additional output.
While most output to the monitor port is a direct result of command input, some
occurs asynchronously of the command input.
This requires the use of two methods of output display.
• The first method uses the monitor-input process, which formats the output into
a common buffer and signals the output process that data is available.
− All output that occurs synchronously with the input uses this method,
including command data and input line display.
• The second method uses exception-handling routines to display data that may
or may not occur as the result of a monitor command, but cannot be expected to
occur synchronously with the input.
− A pSOS exchange sends this data (including unassigned exception and
breakpoint data displays) to the output process.
Once a breakpoint is set, the monitor cannot control when or if the system encounters
the breakpoint.
The exception and breakpoint display output may occur at any time, and this output
has priority over monitor input process output. This may cause occasional
interruption of a command or input in progress, or the lack of a prompt re-appearing
after displaying the data, but does not affect these functions in any way
1-6
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User's Guide
Error Messages
GE Energy Services
Introduction
Message
Summary
68K Monitor returns several general error messages resulting from input or syntax
errors in the command input, or system or test failures during execution.
These error messages are identified below:
The most general error is an incorrect number of arguments for the command
defined. This error causes a display of the correct use of the specified function.
Other possible error messages are listed below:
This Messageis displayed when…
Application which
activated the monitor
has been deleted! (or
a process or user requests an exit command, but the
process that called 68K Monitor is suspended or
deleted.
suspended)
Breakpoint defined!the specified address is already defined as a breakpoint,
the monitor will display this message when defining a
new breakpoint (DB).
Breakpoint not
suspended!
Cannot post to
exchange!
a breakpoint was not encountered when attempting a
resume (RB) or step (SB) breakpoint command.
a send (SX) or jam (JX) exchange command encounters
an error in sending the message to the specified
exchange.
Command aborted!the user replied NO when asked to verify a Return to
BootROM (RTB) command.
Command not found!the specified command is not located within 68K
Monitor’s command list.
FLASH invalid!a directory (DIR) command on a FLASH default
database fails (i.e., no default database could be
detected).
Invalid ID!the monitor cannot find the specified identification, or it
is incorrect. The ID can be a breakpoint number,
communications port, table name, or process or
exchange ID
Invalid switch!the user does not specify the mode for the chosen
function.
No free breakpoints!the define breakpoint (DB) command is attempted when
all available breakpoints are in use.
Numeric input error!a numeric field contains non-numeric characters.
Continued on next page
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Error Messages, Continued
Message Summary (continued)
This Messageis displayed when…
NVRAM invalid!the query RAM (QR) command specified NVRAM is
Protected process!attempting to suspend (SP) a critical system process.
Record error!an invalid record is detected during the download
68K System Monitor
User's Guide
but it is corrupt.
function (DL).
If You Find
Yourself in
Serious
Trouble...
Suspend all processes
first!
attempting a download without suspending all processes
first.
Test failed!a system error is detected.
Using the 68K Monitor it is possible to modify or change something in a device’s
system that can seriously disrupt the operation of the device
Use this procedure to restore the RTU to its former state, before you used the 68K
Monitor facility to make changes.
StepAction
1. Suspend all processes in the RTU.
2. Fill the NVRAM memory with zeros.
3. Re-download your configurations and/or Flash code.
4. Reboot the RTU.
1-8
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Chapter 2: Command Grouping
Overview
Seven Groups
In This Chapter
The 68K Monitor commands are grouped into seven groups.
The following pages list the commands in each of the groups, and provide a
functional cross-reference to help you locate them in this guide.
This Chapter of the document contains the following topics
TopicSee Page
General System Commands2-2
Diagnostic Commands2-3
Memory Commands2-4
Process Commands2-5
Exchange Commands2-6
Breakpoint Commands2-7
Configuration Maintenance Commands2-8
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General System Commands
68K System Monitor
User's Guide
Description
List of
Commands
This group of commands is essentially a list of unrelated commands that do not
logically fit into the other command groups.
This list shows the General System commands, in alphabetical order:
CommandDescriptionSee Page
ALChange Auto-logout Timer3-4
BAUDSet Baud Rate3-5
BOOTBoot3-7
CFCopy File3-15
CLSClear Screen3-16
DFDisplay File Data3-23
DHWDisplay Hardware Data3-24
DIRDirectory3-25
DLDownload3-27
ECHOEcho Toggle3-32
EXITExit3-36
FTFind Table3-38
HE or HELPHelp3-39
IMGDisplay Image Information3-41
JTFJump to Flash3-42
RRReport PAM Partitions3-58
RTBReturn to BootROM3-61
RZZModem Download3-64
SISystem Information3-71
ULUpload3-81
VERVersion3-82
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Diagnostic Commands
GE Energy Services
Description
List of
Commands
You can use these diagnostic commands for debugging, performance analysis and
hardware system testing.
This list shows the Diagnostic commands, in alphabetical order:
CommandDescriptionSee Page
CACHEControl Cache3-8
CALCalibrate Kernel Interface3-9
CSCheck Sum3-18
DEBUGDebug3-22
DMDebug Mode3-28
ELError Log3-33
ETHEthernet Address3-35
HTHDLC Test3-40
KIMKernel Interface Metrics3-44
PRProfile3-47
QRQuery RAM3-53
RTRAM Test3-59
RTCTest CCU Real Time Clock3-62
SASerial Analyzer3-66
STSerial Test3-74
SYSCSystem3-77
TESTInvoke Test Tool3-78
TRTrace3-79
WINMWIN Metrics3-84
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Memory Commands
68K System Monitor
User's Guide
Description
List of
Commands
!
WARNING
Use these memory commands to identify or change the contents of memory in the
system.
This list shows the Memory commands, in alphabetical order:
CommandDescriptionSee Page
DDump Memory3-19
EEdit Memory3-28
ERASEFlash Erase3-34
FFill Memory3-37
MMove Memory3-44
PRGProgram Flash3-49
Because executing these commands modifies the memory of your system, they can
disrupt operation.
Use caution before proceeding.
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Process Commands
GE Energy Services
Description
List of
Commands
Use these commands to examine and alter the state of pSOS processes.
Note:Some of these functions must only used for testing and debugging during
software development.
This list shows the Process commands, in alphabetical order:
CommandDescriptionSee Page
CPChange Priority3-16
QPQuery Process3-51
RPResume Process3-57
SPSuspend Process3-72
VPSignal Process3-83
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Exchange Commands
68K System Monitor
User's Guide
Description
List of
Commands
Use these commands to examine and alter pSOS exchange data in the system.
Note:Use these functions primarily for testing and debugging purposes during
software development.
This list shows the Exchange commands, in alphabetical order:
CommandDescriptionSee Page
JXJam Exchange3-43
QXQuery Exchange3-54
RXRequest Exchange3-62
SXSend Exchange3-76
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User's Guide
Breakpoint Commands
GE Energy Services
Description
List of
Commands
Use these commands with the 68K Monitor for control and display of process
breakpoints in the system.
The three restrictions with the definition of breakpoints are:
• You must define breakpoints in code that is in RAM.
− The program instruction changes to a 68000 family TRAP instruction.
• You must define all program breakpoints at the beginning of an instruction.
• Only define breakpoints in a process.
− If the interrupt mask is non-zero when you enter the breakpoint handler, the
assumption is that the calling routine is an interrupt service procedure (ISP)
and breakpoints are not valid.
Note:Diagnostic Commands are suspended in order to use breakpoints.
This list shows the Breakpoint commands, in alphabetical order:
CommandDescriptionSee Page
CBClear Breakpoint3-9
DBDefine Breakpoint3-21
PBPrint Breakpoint3-46
RBResume Breakpoint3-54
SBStep Breakpoint3-68
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Configuration Maintenance Commands
68K System Monitor
User's Guide
Description
List of
Commands
Use these commands to store and maintain configuration files.
This list shows the Configuration Maintenance commands, in alphabetical order:
CommandDescriptionSee Page
CCAChange Configuration File Attributes3-11
CCBCreate Configuration Control Block3-12
CCFClear Configuration File3-14
QCQuery Configuration Storage Parameters3-50
SCSelect Active Configuration3-69
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Chapter 3: 68K Monitor Commands
Overview
GE Energy Services
Introduction
In This Chapter
This Chapter is divided into two sections, the first providing a cross-reference table
where you can see which platform support what commands.
The second section details each command, listed in alphabetical order.
This Chapter of the document contains the following Sections and topics
TopicSee Page
Section 1: Command / Platform Cross-Reference3-2
Platform-Specific Commands3-2
Section 2: Monitor Commands3-4
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User's Guide
Section 1: Command / Platform Cross-Reference
Platform-Specific Commands
List of
Commands
This table lists all of the possible 68K Monitor commands in the left column, in
alphabetical order. The columns to the right show the platforms where the
commands will be available for you to use.
CommandCPM/D20D20MECCUCCUMED25
AL
BAUD
BOOT
CACHE
CAL
CB
CCA
CCB
CCF
CF
CLS
CP
CS
D
DB
DEBUG
DF
DHW
DIR
DL
DM
DSTAT
E
ECHO
EL
ERASE
ETH
EXIT
F
FT
HE or HELP
HT
IMG
***
*****
***
*****
*****
***
*****
**
*****
*****
***
*****
*****
*****
*****
***
***
***
*
***
***
***
**
*
**
*
**
*
***
**
**
3-2
Continued on next page
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Platform-Specific Commands, Continued
List of Commands (continued)
CommandCPM/D20D20MECCUCCUMED25
JTF
JX
KIM
M
PB
PR
PRG
QC
QP
QR
QX
RB
RP
RR
RT
RTB
RTC
RX
RZ
SA
SB
SC
SET
SI
SP
ST
SX
SYSC
TEST
TR
UL
VER
VP
WINM
*****
*****
***
*****
*****
*****
*****
***
*****
*****
*****
****
***
*****
*****
*****
****
*****
*****
GE Energy Services
*
*
***
***
*
***
**
***
**
Note K
K
KK
This indicates that these commands are only available when specially built
engineering or debugging software is running in the device.
If a product delivered to an end-user displays these commands, a mistake may have
occurred. Contact GE Energy Services if in doubt.
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Some of the commands, such as CAL and KIM, are not checked-off for any platform.
3-3
GE Energy Services
Section 2: Monitor Commands
AL - Change Auto-logout Timer
68K System Monitor
User's Guide
Platform
Description
Syntax
CPM
o
Use this command to change the monitor’s auto-logout timer duration from the
default of 5 minutes.
Below is usage and syntax information for this command
Command Format
Variables
Parameters
Example
Special
Considerations
o
D20
D20 Base
al timout (minutes)
None
minutes =0 to 32767 minutes. ‘0’ disables the timer.
Type al 15 and press ENTER.
Results: The monitor will log out after 15 minutes of
If the timer is disabled, (set to ‘0’) the monitor can be lockedout for any other user.
D20 ME
o
D20 Base
inactivity.
þ
D20/200
CCU Base
þ
D20/200 ME
CCU Base
þ
D25
3-4
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