GarrettCom Quad User Manual

Magnum Quad-Series

Fiber Switches

Installation and User Guide

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)



Magnum

Quad-Series

Fiber Switches

Installation and User Guide

Part #: 84-00063 (Rev. D 12/02)

Trademarks
Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation
NEBS is a trademark of Telcordia Technologies
UL is a registered trademark of Underwriters Laboratories
GarrettCom, Magnum and Personal Switch are trademarks and Personal Hub is a

registered trademark of GarrettCom, Inc.

Important: The Magnum Quad Series Fiber Switch contains no user
serviceable parts. Attempted service by unauthorized personnel shall render all
warranties null and void. If problems are experienced with Magnum Quad
Series Fiber Switch products, consult Section 6, Troubleshooting, of this User
Guide.

Copyright  2003 GarrettCom, Inc. All rights reserved. No part
of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from
GarrettCom, Inc.

Printed in the United States of America.

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

Contacting GarrettCom, Inc

Please use the mailing address, phone and fax numbers and email address listed below:

GarrettCom, Inc.

47823 Westinghouse Dr.

Fremont, CA 94539

Phone [phone]

Fax [phone]

Website: http://www.GarrettCom.com

email [e-mail]

Federal Communications Commission

Radio Frequency Interference Statement

This equipment generates, uses and can radiate frequency energy and if not
installed and used properly, that is in strict accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions, may cause interference to radio communication. It has been tested and
found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device in accordance with the
specifications in Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide
reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial
environment. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
interference, in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever
measures may be required to correct the interference.

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page

1.0 SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................... 1

1.1 Technical Specifications...................................................................... 1

1.2 Ordering Information........................................................................... 3

2.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 4

2.1 Inspecting the Package and Product .................................................... 4

2.2 Product Description - Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches.............. 5

2.2.1 Magnum Quad-Series chassis models.......................................... 5

2.2.2 Quad-port modules, 100Mb fiber ......................................................7

2.2.3 Quad-port modules, 10 Mb

fiber.................................................. 7

2.2.4 Quad-Port Module, RJ-45 (copper)............................................. 8

2.2.5 Combo “3 + 1” Quad Port Modules, 3@RJ-45 and 1@fiber....... 8

2.2.6 Frame Buffering and Latency...................................................... 9

2.3 Features and Benefits......................................................................... 11

2.4 Applications....................................................................................... 12

3.0 INSTALLATION................................................................................15

3.1 Locating Magnum Quad-Series Switches.......................................... 15

3.2 Connecting Ethernet Media ...............................................................16

3.2.1 Connecting Fiber Optic ST-type

3.2.2 Connecting Fiber Optic SC-type

3.2.3 Connecting Single-Mode

Fiber Optic........................................ 17

, “twist-lock”.......................... 16

, "Snap-In".............................. 17

3.2.4 Connect Twist Pair (RJ-45,CAT3, CAT5, Unsh or Shiel)......... 17

3.3 Table-Top or Shelf Mounting............................................................ 18

3.3.1 Wall (or Vertical Surface) Mounting, 8-port QS580................. 18

3.3.2 Rack-mounting, models QS5108 and QS5116........................... 18

3.4 RJ-45 ports, int jump set for 10/100Mb............................................. 20

3.5 Fiber 100Mb ports, int jump set for 100Mb fixed............................. 21

3.6 Combo(3+1) ports, int jump set for 10/100 RJ-45 Auto-Neg............ 22

3.7 Fiber 10Mb ports, int jump set for 10Mb fixed Half- or.................... 23

3.8 Powering the Magnum Quad-Series Switch...................................... 24

3.9 Quad Port Module (QPM) Installation............................................... 25

3.9.1 Preparation for Installing and Removing QPMs........................ 25

3.9.2 Installing QPM Cards in the Magnum Q-Series........................ 27

3.9.3 Removing QPM Cards............................................................... 29

4.0 OPERATION....................................................................................... 30

4.1 Switching Functionality..................................................................... 30

4.2 Status LEDs ....................................................................................... 31

4.3 Manual Switches for Up-link push-button, for RJ-45 quad-port....... 31

4.4 Auto-negotiation, for Fast Ethernet copper ports............................... 31

4.5 Auto-negotiation for 10 Mb ports, half- or full-duplex mode............ 33

4.6 Flow-control, IEEE 802.3x standard ................................................. 33

4.7 Power Budget Calculations for Quad-Series QPM’s with Fiber ....... 34

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

5.0 INTRODUCTION - MAGNUM QUAD-SERIES (QPM)............... 35

5.1 Inspecting the Package and Product .................................................. 35

5.2 Product Description ........................................................................... 35

5.2.1 QPM-MST, 100Mb multi-mode FX-ST Quad-port Mod .......... 36

5.2.2 QPM-MSC 100Mbps multi-mode FX-SC Quad-port, “snap-in”37

5.2.3 QPM-SSC 100Mbps single-mode

5.2.4 QPM-MTRJ, 100Mb multi-mode FX Quad-Port, MTRJ small-

5.2.5 QPM-MV45, 100Mbps multi-mode FX Quad-Port VF45 small-

FX-SC-type, “snap-in” con. 37

38

38

5.2.6 QPM-RJ45 (Twisted Pair), 10/100Mb TP Quad-Port................39

5.2.7 QPRJ-MSC, “3 + 1” 3@10/100Mb RJ-45 and 1@100Mb Fib.. 40

5.2.8 QPRJ-MST, “3 + 1” 3@10/100Mb RJ-45 and 1@100Mb Fib.. 41

5.2.9 QPRJ-SSC, “3 + 1” 3@10/100Mb RJ-45 and 1@100Mb Fib... 41

5.2.10 QPM-FP..................................................................................... 41

6.0 TROUBLESHOOTING...................................................................... 42

6.1 Before Calling for Assistance............................................................ 42

6.2 When Calling for Assistance ............................................................. 43

6.3 Return Material Authorization (RMA) Procedure............................. 43

6.4 Shipping and Packaging Information................................................. 44

APPENDIX A: WARRANTY INFORMATION

......................................... 44

APPENDIX B: MAGNUM INTERNAL DC POWER SUPPLY OPTION44
APPENDIX C

: MAGNUM INTERNAL DC DUAL-SOURCE POWER.. 47

Revisions

Rev D 12/02 : Updated Appendices B and C for 100VDC (90 to 160v range) option
Rev C 06/02 : Updated the Rack Mounting and Appendix B & C with 24VDC and

125VDC Power Supply option

Rev B 04/01 : Change the company name to GarrettCom, Inc. (Formerly it was
Garrett Communications). There are no changes to the content of the material at
this time
Rev A 08/99 : This revision is the initial release of the

Switch

user manual.

Magnum Quad Series Fiber

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

The Magnum Line

ETHERNET CONNECTIVITY PRODUCTS

"DESIGNED AND MANUFACTURED IN THE USA"

OVERVIEW

GarrettCom, Inc.offers the premium-quality Magnum line of Ethernet LAN
connectivity products with industry-standard functionality and built-in fiber
configurability. Magnum products are designed for use in demanding Carrier Class,
Industrial Grade and OEM applications where reliability is a primary consideration.

6K25 Managed Fiber Switches, Gigabit, 100 and 10 Mbps, fiber and copper ports,
mix-and match. Features SFF fiber for up to 25 fiber ports in a 1U unit.
4K-Series Switches, 100 and 10 Mbps, copper ports with optional fiber port, with
auto-negotiating full switching performance.
Quad-Series Fiber Switches, 100 & 10Mbps, fiber and copper ports, mixed-speed
and mixed-media types, full switching performance.
P62-Series “Outdoor Ethernet Switches, for temperature uncontrolled applications

6 10/100 and 2 100Mb fiber ports, managed and unmanaged models, all fiber types.

Mixed-Media Fiber Hub, 16-port Stackable,10/100 auto-sensing
Dual Speed 8-port and 16-port Stackables, 10/100 auto-sensing
Stackable Hubs, SNMP Optional

10Mb series and 100Mb series, both w/ optional port modules
Personal Switches, 10/100Mb

8 port dual speed, Auto-negotiable with fiber option
Personal Hubs, 100Mb or 10/100Mb

8-port, with two switched ports (1 fiber built in)
Personal Hubs, 10Mb series
8-port + AUI, stackable to 5 high, + optional BNC of fiber port

8 or 9-port and 4 or 5-Port Personal Hubs, w/ man. up-link sw.
Media Converters, 10Mb and 100Mb series, regular and Hardened with integral
DC power, all fiber media port types inc l. fiber ST, SC, mm., single-mode, SFF

The “X-line” of configurable MiXed Media products:
Stackable Concentrators, SNMP optional, 13-Ports
Mini-Concentrators, 7 Ports, Repeaters, 2-Ports
Repeater Port Modules (RPMs), 6 types for Ethernet media
Bridge Port Modules (BPMs), 4 types, for segment isolation
Transceivers, 10Mb series Mini-Transceivers and Coax Models

June, 03

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

1.0 SPECIFICATIONS

1.1 Technical Specifications

Performance

Aggregate Filtering Rate: 2,380,800 frames/sec for 16 100Mbps ports
(for Magnum QS5116)
(all ports are wire speed) 1,190,400 frames/sec for 8 100Mbps ports
(for Magnum QS580 & QS5108)
Aggregate Forwarding Rate: (for Magnum QS Fast Ethernet ports)
(all ports are wire speed) 1,190,400 frames per second, 16-port units
595,200 frames per second, 8-port units
Data Rate: 10 Mbps and 100Mbps

Address Table Capacity: 24K node addresses, self-learning (12K on

8-port models), with address aging
Packet buffer size : 8 MB dynamic (4MB for 8-port)
Latency: 5 s + packet time (100 to 100Mbps)
15 s + packet time (10 to 10 Mbps, and 10 to 100Mbps)
Network Standards
Ethernet V1.0/V2.0 IEEE 802.3: 10BASE-T,
IEEE 802.3u: 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-FX

Maximum 10 Mbps Ethernet Segment Lengths
Unshielded twisted pair - 100 m (328 ft)
Shielded twisted pair - 150 m (492 ft)
10BASE-FL multi-mode fiber optic - 2 km (6,562 ft)
10BASE-FL single-mode fiber optic - 10 km (32,810 ft)

Maximum Standard Fast Ethernet Segment Lengths:
10BASE-T (CAT 3, 4, 5 UTP) - 100 m (328 ft)

100BASE-TX (CAT 5 UTP) - 100 m (328 ft)
Shielded twisted pair - 150 m (492 ft)

100BASE-FX, half-duplex, multi-mode - 412 m (1350 ft)
100BASE-FX, full-duplex, multi-mode - 2.0 km (6,562 ft)
100BASE-SX, short wavelength HDX m.m. - 300 m ( 935 ft)

100BASE-FX, half-duplex, single-mode - 412 m (1350 ft)

100BASE-FX, full-duplex, single-mode - 15.0 km (49,215 ft)

Connectors for copper wiring
Twisted Pair at 10/100Mb: RJ-45 shielded, female, front mounted
(for Magnum Quad-Series Fast Ethernet copper ports, use Cat 5 cable)

Fiber Multi-mode connector types:

Fiber Port, SC-type (snap-in): Fiber optic multi-mode, 100BASE-FX

Fiber Port, ST-type (twist-lock): Fiber optic multi-mode, 100BASE-FX

Fiber Port, MTRJ-type (plug-in): Fiber optic multi-mode, 100BASE-FX

Fiber Port, VF-45 type (plug-in): Fiber optic multi-mode, 100BASE-FX

Fiber Port, ST-type (twist-lock): Fiber optic multi-mode, 10ASE-FL

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

Fiber Single-mode connector types:

Fiber Port, SC-type: Fiber optic single-mode, 100BASE-FX
Manual switch-selections and jumpers

Up-link Push-button: Crossover sw for one RJ-45 port per QPM-RJ45
Fiber default: Full-duplex (Internal jumpers may select HDX mode)
Copper default: Auto-negotiation (Internal jumpers may alternatively
select fixed 100Mb full-duplex, or fixed 100Mbps half-duplex)
LEDs: Per Port
LK: Steady ON when media link is operational
ACT: ON with receiver port activity
FDX/HDX: ON = Full-Duplex Mode
OFF = Half-Duplex Mode
100/10: ON = 100Mbps speed
OFF = 10 Mbps

Operating Environment

Ambient Temperature: 32 to 120 F (0 to 50C)
Storage Temperature: -40to 185F (-40to 85C)
Ambient Relative Humidity: 10% to 95% (non-condensing)

Packaging

Enclosure: Rugged High strength metal. Suitable for stand-alone or rack­ mounting
Dimensions: 1.75 in H x 17.0 in W x 9.13 in D (10.0 in W for QS580)

4.45cm H x 43.2cm W x 23.2cm D (25.4 cm W for QS580)
Weight: 4.0 lb. (1.8 Kg) for rack-mount models, 2.5 lb. for table-top
Cooling method: Fan cooled, @ 9 cfm
Power Supply (Internal)

Input Voltage: 110 to 240 VAC (auto-ranging)
Input Frequency: 47 to 63 Hz (auto-ranging)
Power Consumption: 20 watts typical (8 port model)
35 watts typical (16 port model)

DC Power Supply (Options)

AC Power Connector: IEC-type, male recessed at rear of chassis,

with adjacent manual ON-OFF switch (on AC models only)

Redundant power supplies available as options

-48VDC Power Input Voltage : 36 to 70 VDC

24VDC Power Input Voltage : 20 to 36VDC

125VDC Power Input Voltage : 120 to 160VDC

Std. Terminal Block : “ -, GND, + ”

Power Consumption: same as for AC models, see above

For Dual Source and Redundant DC for –48VDC, 24VDC Power &

125VDC supply options (Optional), see Appendices

For optional 23” Telco rack-mount brackets, order Model # RMB-23W

Agency Approvals

UL listed (UL1950), cUL, CE

Emissions meet FCC Part 15 Class A
Warranty Three years, return to factory Made in USA

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

1.2 Ordering Information

Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches

MODEL DESCRIPTION

Magnum QS580 8-port 10/100 Switch, holds up to 2 Quad-port Modules

with 4 switched ports each. Shelf or table-top mounting.
For mixed-media flexibility, combinations of RJ-45 and
various fiber port connector types, modes, and speeds can
be configured. Full speed filtering and forwarding at
100Mbps speed across all ports, self-learning 12K-node
address table, and large 4MB packet buffers. Front­mounted LEDs, internal auto-ranging power supply

Magnum QS5108 Same as Model QS580 Switch, but in a 19” rack-mount

package, with mounting brackets.

Magnum QS5116 Same as Model QS5108, but with 24K-node address table

and 8MB packet buffers. Holds up to 4 Quad-port Modules
(QPMs), 19” rack-mount package, with mounting brackets.

Magnum Quad-Series Port Modules
QPM-MSC Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four

100Mbps multi-mode FX SC connectors

QPM-MST Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four

100Mbps multi-mode FX ST connectors

QPM-SSC Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four

100Mbps single-mode FX SC connectors

QPM-MV45 Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four

100Mbps multi-mode FX “VF-45” connectors

QPM-MTRJ Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four

100Mbps multi-mode FX “MTRJ” connectors

QPM-RJ45 RJ-45 module for Quad-Series Switches, with four

100Mbps auto-negotiating RJ-45 ports, one of which has
an up-link push-button

QPRJ-MSC 3TP+1F “3+1 combo” module for Quad-Series Switches,

with three 10/100MB auto-negotiating RJ-45 ports and one
fiber port with 100Mbps multi-mode FX SC connector

QPRJ-MST 3TP+1F “3+1 combo” module, same as QPRJ-MSC but

with fiber ST-type connector

QPRJ-SSC 3TP+1F “3+1 combo” module, same as QPRJ-MSC but

with fiber single-mode FX SC connector

QPM10-FST Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four 10 Mbps

multi-mode FL ST-type connectors

GarrettCom, Incl. reserves the right to change specifications, performance
characteristics and/or model offerings without notice.

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

2.0 INTRODUCTION

2.1 Inspecting the Package and Product

Examine the shipping container for obvious damage prior to installing this
product; notify the carrier of any damage that you believe occurred during shipment or
delivery. Inspect the contents of this package for any signs of damage and ensure that
the items listed below are included.

This package should contain:

1 Magnum QS580, QS5108 or QS5116 Fiber Switches
1 AC Power Cord (U.S. and other 115 VAC only)
1 Set of two wall-mounting brackets (for QS580 Model only)
1 Set of metal “Ears” for optional “19” rack mounting (for QS5108 &

QS5116 only)

1 Installation and User Guide (this manual)
1 Product Registration Card
Remove the items from the shipping container. Be sure to keep the shipping

container should you need to re-ship the unit at a later date. To validate the product
warranty, please complete and return the enclosed Product Registration Card to
GarrettCom, Inc. as soon as possible.

In the event there are items missing or damaged, contact the party from whom
you purchased the product. If the unit needs to be returned, please use the original
shipping container if possible. Refer to Section 6, Troubleshooting, for specific return
procedures.

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

2.2 Product Description - Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches

Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches boost the performance of large Ethernet
LANs, and have the flexibility of both fiber and twisted-pair switched ports. Their
“mixed-media” capability provides for a variety of configurations including various
types of fiber port connectors and modes, as well as allowing a mix of 10/100Mb RJ-45
(copper) ports in the same unit. This flexibility is achieved via a family of quad-port
modules that can be integrated with a base unit, in the factory and in the field, to adapt
the unit to the individual application’s changing mixed-media requirements for a 10/100
Switch product.

The Magnum Quad-Series provide the switching speed and the reliability to
smoothly support multiple workgroups at 100Mbps or 10 Mbps speed. The Quad-Series
offers the flexibility of four, eight, twelve or sixteen switched 100Mbps or 10 Mbps fiber
and/or 10/100 twisted pair ports, in all the popular connector types. The Magnum Quad­Series offers the QS580, QS5108 and QS5116 models, each with a configuration of four
port modules (Quad-port Modules) for fiber types and for copper, as well as “3+1”
combo (3@RJ-45 and 1@fiber) port modules. The Quad-port Modules can be configured
into a Quad-Series Switch base unit in any mix of port connector or media types.

Designed for use in departments with multiple workgroups, in remote offices
and in network traffic centers, the Magnum Quad-Series Switches are easy to install and
use. Addresses of attached nodes are automatically learned and maintained, adapting the
switching services to network changes and expansions. Front-mounted LEDs provide
status information on each port. The Magnum Quad-Series Switches provide high
performance plug-and-play operation in convenient table-top and rack-mount packages.

2.2.1 Magnum Quad-Series chassis models

Magnum Quad-Series Switches come in three chassis sizes, an 8-port table-top,

an 8-port rack-mount, and a 16-port rack-mount. Each is configurable with a selection of
quad-port (i.e., 4-port) modules, providing the capability of 4, 8, 12, and 16 switched
ports. The quad-port modules are normally factory installed, but may be changed or
added in the field. (See Section 5)

The 8-port QS580 table-top chassis is compact in size and suitable for shelf­mounted use in network wiring centers. The QS5108 and QS5116 are 19” rack-

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

mountable Switches with two or four quad-port slots in the front, i.e., with a capacity of
8 or 16 switched ports. The QS5108 and QS5116 rack-mount units are typically used in
larger network wiring centers.

Figure 2.2.1a: Front view, 8-

Magnum QS580 PWR

Fiber Switches

GARRETT

Magnum QS5108

Fiber Switch

Fiber Switch

GARRETT

FDX/HDX

1 2 3 4

LK

Fiber Switch

1
2
3
4

8 Ports Table-Top

PWR

FDX/HDX

1 2 3 4

LK

1
2
3
4

ACT

1 2 3 4

LK

ACT

x

100/10

FDX/HDX

1 2 3 4

ACT

LK

FDX/HDX

100/10

8-Port Rack Mount

ACT

FDX/HDX

ACT

FDX/HDX

port Magnum QS580 table­top, 8-port QS5108 and 16­port QS5116 Mixed-Media
Switches

Magnum QS5116

Magnum QS5116

Magnum QS5116

Fiber Switch

Fiber Switch

GARRETT

GARRETT

PWR

FDX/HDX

1
2
3
4

1 2 3 4

LK

ACT

1 2 3 4

LK

x

100/10

FDX/HDX

FDX/HDX

1 2 3 4

ACT

LK

1
2
3
4

ACT

FDX/HDX

1 2 3 4

LK

1
2
3
4

ACT

16-Port Rack Mount

. Mixed-media combination modules (4-port modules with three fiber ports and
one twisted-pair port) are supported in all of the Quad-Series Fiber Switch models. All
quad-module manual-selection switches and LED’s are located on the front panel, with
the IEC standard AC power connector (and a manual ON - OFF power switch) located at
the rear. Fan-driven cooling air flows left to right.

110-220

VAC

47-63Hz

1.0-0.5A

ON

OFF

110-220

47-63Hz

1.0-0.5A

ON

VAC

OFF

Figure 2.2.1b: Rear view - Magnum table-top & rack-mount Quad-Series Switches

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

2.2.2 Quad-port modules, 100Mb fiber

FDX/HDX

1
2

3

4

1 2 3 4

LK

ACT

ST-Type

FDX/HDX

1
2
3

4

1 2 3 4

LK

ACT

SC-Type

Fig.2.2.2 Fiber Quad-Port Modules, QPM ST, QPM-SC, QPM-MTRJ, QPM-MV45

In a fiber quad-port module, all of the fiber ports are of the same speed, the
same multi- or single-mode, and the same connector type. Multi-mode 100Mbps models
are available with ST, SC, MTRJ, and VF-45 connectors. Single-mode 100Mbps models
are available with SC connectors.

The 100Mb fiber quad-port modules on the Magnum Q-Series normally are set
(factory default) to operate in full-duplex mode for best fiber distance and performance.
On the Magnum Q-Series, the user may select full- or half-duplex mode per-port with an
internal jumper setting (See Section 3.4) for the flexibility to adapt to any type of Fast
Ethernet devices.

FDX/HDX

1 2 3 4

1

LK

2
3
4

VF45-Small Form Factor

FDX/HDX

1 2 3 4

LK

1
2

3
4

MTRJ-Small Form Factor

ACT

ACT

On Magnum fiber QPMs, there are three LED’s per fiber port. The Link (LK)
LED indicates “ready for operation” when lit, another LED indicates operation in full­duplex mode when ON (when it is OFF, operation is half-duplex), and an LED indicates
Receiving Activity (ACT) on the port. A fiber cable must be connected to each 100Mb
port and a proper link (LK lit) must be made with the device at the other end of the cable
in order for the LK LEDs to provide valid indications of operating conditions.

2.2.3 Quad-port modules, 10 Mb

fiber

The 10 Mb model QPM10-MST

fiber quad-port module is the same as the

FDX/HDX

1
2

3

4

1 2 3 4

LK

ST-Type

ACT

100Mb QPM-MST, except for 10 Mb speed

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

rather than 100Mb speed. It supports distances according to the 10Base-FL standard, i.e.,
2Km distance for multi-mode fiber. (Single-mode for 10km distance may be available as
a special order).

2.2.4 Quad-Port Module, RJ-45 (copper)

The Magnum Q-Series
copper port module, model QPM­RJ45, provides four 10/100Mb
switched. RJ-45 ports. The 10/100Mb
switched ports are independently N­way auto-negotiating. QPM-RJ45

for operation at 10 or 100Mb speed in full- or half-duplex mode (as a default setting).
They independently move to half-duplex mode at 10 Mb or at 100Mb speed if the device
at the other end of the twisted pair cable is half-duplex or is not an auto-negotiating
device.

On the model QPM-RJ45 , there are four LED’s for each port. The LK (Link)
indicates “ready for operation” when lit. The ACT (Activity) indicates receiving activity
on that port when lit. The 10/100 LED indicates operation at 100Mb speed when ON and
at 10 Mb speed when OFF (when auto-negotiation is not disabled ). The FDX/HDX LED
is ON to indicate full-duplex operation and OFF to indicate half-duplex mode. A twisted
pair cable must be connected into each RJ-45 10/100Mb port and a proper Link (LK lit)
must be made with the device at the other end of the cable in order for the LEDs to
provide valid indications of operating conditions.

1 2 3 4

LK

x

100/10

ACT

FDX/HDX

Internal jumper settings (See Section 3.4) allow technicians to over-ride the
auto-negotiation feature and to manually set each port at full-duplex or half-duplex. One
port on each RJ-45 quad-port module is equipped with a Media Dependent Interface­Crossover (MDI-X) push-button switch to simplify cascaded or up-link connections.

2.2.5 Combo “3 + 1” Quad Port Modules, 3@RJ-45 and 1@fiber

The combo quad-port modules are
combination of copper and fiber media,
available as three 10/100 switched RJ-45

LK

1 2 3 4

FDX/HDX

100/10

copper ports and one 100Mb switched multi­mode fiber ST or SC or single mode SC-type port. QPRJ-MSC

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

The RJ-45 ports run at 10/100Mbps with N-way auto-negotiation capability,
whereas the fiber port runs at 100Mbps with half- or full-duplex capability manually
selected. The default condition is full-duplex. Internal jumper settings allow technicians
to set the 100Mb fiber port to half-duplex mode. (See Section 3.4).

On Magnum Combo Quad-port modules, there are four LED’s for each RJ-45
port, which indicate status as described for the QPM-RJ45 in Section 2.2.4 above. The
fiber port is fixed at 100Mbps speed at all times, and has LEDs that indicate status the
same way as described for the Fiber Quad-port modules in Section 2.2.2 above.

2.2.6 Frame Buffering and Latency

The Magnum Quad-Series are store-and-forward switches. Each frame (or

packet) is loaded into the Switch’s memory and inspected before forwarding can occur.
This technique ensures that all forwarded frames are of a valid length and have the
correct CRC, i.e., are good packets. This eliminates the propagation of bad packets,
enabling all of the available bandwidth to be used for valid information.

While other switching technologies such as "cut-through" or "express" impose
minimal frame latency, they will also permit bad frames to propagate out to the Ethernet
segments connected. The "cut-through" technique permits collision fragment frames,
which are a result of late collisions, to be forwarded to add to the network traffic. Since
there is no way to filter frames with a bad CRC (the entire frame must be present in order
for CRC to be calculated), the result of indiscriminate cut-through forwarding is greater
traffic congestion, especially at peak activity. Since collisions and bad packets are more
likely when traffic is heavy, the result of store-and-forward operation is that more
bandwidth is available for good packets when the traffic load is greatest.

To minimize the possibility of dropping frames on congested ports, each
Magnum Quad-Series QS5116 Switches dynamically allocates buffer space from an 8
MB memory pool, ensuring that heavily used ports receive very large buffer space for
packet storage. (Many other switches have their packet buffer storage space divided
evenly across all ports, resulting in a small, fixed number of packets to be stored per port.
When the port buffer fills up, dropped packets result.) The other two Q-Series Switches
QS580 and QS5116 dynamically allocates buffer from an 4MB memory pool. This
dynamic buffer allocation provides the capability for the maximum resources of the

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

Magnum Quad-Series unit to be applied to all traffic loads, even when the traffic activity
is unbalanced across the ports. Since the traffic on an operating network is constantly
varying in packet density per port and in aggregate density, the Magnum Quad-Series
Switches are constantly adapting internally to provide maximum network performance
with the least dropped packets.

When the Switch detects that its free buffer queue space is low, the Switch
sends industry standard (full-duplex only) PAUSE packets out to the devices sending
packets to cause “flow control”. This tells the sending devices to temporarily stop
sending traffic, which allows a traffic catch-up to occur without dropping packets. Then,
normal packet buffering and processing resumes. This flow-control sequence occurs in a
small fraction of a second and is transparent to an observer. See Section 4.6 for
additional details.

Another feature implemented in Magnum Quad-Series Switches is a collision­based flow-control mechanism (when operating at half-duplex only). When the Switch
detects that its free buffer queue space is low, the Switch prevents more frames from
entering by forcing a collision signal on all receiving half-duplex ports in order to stop
incoming traffic.

The latency (the time the frame spends in the Switch before it is sent along or
forwarded to its destination) of the Quad-Series Switches varies with the port-speed
types, and the length of the frame is a variable here as it is with all store-and-forward
switches. For 10 Mb-to-10 Mb or 10 Mb-to-100Mb or 100Mb-to-10 Mb forwarding, the
latency is 15 microseconds plus the packet time at 10 Mb. For 100Mb-to-100Mb
forwarding, the latency is 5 microseconds plus the packet time at 100Mb.

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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)

2.3 Features and Benefits

 100Mb switching services for large, high performance Ethernet LANs

Magnum Quad-Series Switches provide Fast Ethernet switching on all

ports. They perform high speed filter/forward operations on the traffic,
giving each port’s segment a full 100Mb (or 10 Mb) of bandwidth.

 Configurable with fiber ports, all connector types and speeds

Quad-port modules are available with 100Mb mm ST, SC, VF-45, MTRJ

single-mode SC, and 10 Mb ST-type connectors. The configuration of the
fiber ports, in the factory or in the field, allows the Quad-Series Switches
to adapt to mixed and changing fiber types in any application.

 Configurable with RJ-45 (copper) ports, 10/100 auto-negotiation

RJ-45 Quad-port modules provide twisted pair segment connections, with

N-way auto-negotiation or with manual speed and mode settings per port

 Mixed-media configurations for maximum flexibility

Combinations of port module types can be configured in the same unit,

adapting the Quad-Series Switches to varying quantities and types of fiber
vs. copper media. Port module changes can even be done in the field.

 Full-duplex or Half-duplex operation, auto-sensing

All fiber and RJ-45 (copper) ports are capable of half- or full-duplex,

individually selected. All RJ-45 ports support 10/100 auto-negotiation, or
can be user-selected for the desired operating mode and speed.

 16-port, 12-port, 8-port and 4-port models

With two chassis sizes (16-port and 8-port) configurable with 4-port

QPMs, capacity options complement the mixed-media configurability.

 Plug-and-Play installation for high performance switching

Magnum Quad-Series Switches are self-learning for node addresses. They
can be placed into operation without complex set-up procedures, even in
large networks. They operate transparent to system software.

 Front-mounted LEDs, world-wide AC power supply
Front panel LED’s on each quad-port module display the status of each

port for easy monitoring. An internal auto-ranging AC power supply
allows any Magnum Quad-Series Switches to be used throughout the
world. (A 48VDC power supply is optional, see Appendix B).\

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