Furuno CSH-5 MARK-2 User Manual
COLOR SCANNING SONAR
CSH-5 MARK-2
(
C
9-52, Ashihara-cho,
Nishinomiya, Japan
Telephone: 0798-65-2111
Telefax: 0798-65-4200
All rights reserved.
Printed in Japan
Your Loc al Agent/Dealer
FIRST EDITION : NOV. 1995
E : DEC. 6, 2000
PUB. No. OME-12990
DAMI)
CSH-5 MARK2
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD
Immediately turn off the power at the
switchboard if water leaks into the
equipment or something is dropped in
the equipment.
Continued use of the equipment can cause
fire or electrical shock. Contact a FURUNO
agent for service.
Do not disassemble or modify the
equipment.
Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can
result.
Do not open the equipment.
Only qualified personnel
should work inside the
equipment.
WARNING
Keep heater away from equipment.
A heater can melt the equipment’s power
cord, which can cause fire or electrical
shock.
Use the proper fuse.
Fuse rating is shown on the equipment.
Use of a wrong fuse can result in equipment
damage.
Do not operate the equipment with wet
hands.
Electrical shock can result.
Do not place liquid-filled containers on
the top of the equipment.
Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid
spills into the equipment.
Immediately turn off the power at the
switchboard if the equipment is emitting
smoke or fire.
Continued use of the equipment can cause
fire or electrical shock. Contact a FURUNO
agent for service.
Make sure no rain or water splash leaks
into the equipment.
Fire or electrical shock can result if water
leaks in the equipment.
iiiiiiiiiiiii
i
CAUTION
CAUTION
Do not exceed 18 knots when operating
the equipment and do not exceed 16
knots when lowering or raising the
transducer.
The transducer may become damaged.
The zinc block attached near the
transducer must be replaced yearly.
The junction between the transducer and
main shaft may corrode, which can result
in loss of the transducer or water leakage
inside the ship.
Do not use the equipment for other
than its intended purpose.
Use of the equipment as a stepping stool,
for example, may result in personal injury
or equipment damage.
A warning label is attached to the equipment. Do not remove the label. If the
label is missing or damaged, contact
a FURUNO agent or dealer.
WARNING
To avoid electrical shock, do not
remove cover. No user-serviceable
parts inside.
Name: Warning Label (1)
Type: 86-003-1011-0
Code No.: 100-236-230
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. FOREWORD _________________________________________ 1
2. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION_____________________________ 2
3. CONTROLS _________________________________________ 3
Operating Controls .......................................................................................................... 3
Main Panel .......................................................................................................................4
Control Box Panel ...........................................................................................................5
Menu Screen .................................................................................................................... 7
4. BASIC OPERATION __________________________________ 10
General .......................................................................................................................... 10
Turning the Power On/Off.............................................................................................10
Lowering the Transducer............................................................................................... 11
Selecting a Display Range .............................................................................................11
Setting the Tilt Angle ..................................................................................................... 11
Adjusting the Gain......................................................................................................... 15
5. FINE TUNING THE PICTURE___________________________ 16
General .......................................................................................................................... 16
Eliminating Unwanted Feeble Echoes...........................................................................16
Displaying Surface Fish Clearly.................................................................................... 17
Suppressing Seabed Tail ................................................................................................17
Suppressing Seabed and Sea Surface Reflections in Shallow Fishing Grounds ........... 18
Rejecting Sonar Interference and Noise ........................................................................ 18
Selecting Horizontal Beamwidth................................................................................... 19
Selecting Vertical Beamwidth........................................................................................ 19
6. ADVANCED OPERA TION______________________________ 20
General .......................................................................................................................... 20
Measuring Range and Bearing to a Target.....................................................................20
Detecting Fish Schools Aurally .....................................................................................20
Relocating Fish School for Easy Observation ...............................................................21
Finding Fish School Center ........................................................................................... 22
Registering F1/F2 (function) key and Recalling ........................................................... 22
7. MARK AND DATA____________________________________ 24
Marks .............................................................................................................................24
Data................................................................................................................................25
8. INTERPRETING THE DISPLAY _________________________ 26
General .......................................................................................................................... 26
Interpreting the Display .................................................................................................26
iii
9. WARNING __________________________________________ 30
Overvoltage W arning.....................................................................................................30
Unretracted Transducer Warning................................................................................... 30
10. MENU ____________________________________________ 32
General .......................................................................................................................... 32
Changing Menu Settings ............................................................................................... 32
11. INTERFACE MODULE CSH-5060 ______________________ 35
Specifications................................................................................................................. 35
Operation .......................................................................................................................36
Indications .....................................................................................................................47
Marks and Data.............................................................................................................. 51
Event Mark Position Output ..........................................................................................52
12. MAINTENANCE ____________________________________ 53
General .......................................................................................................................... 53
13. UNIT DIAGNOSTIC TESTS ___________________________ 54
Description of Unit-diagnostic Tests .............................................................................54
14. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ULTRASONIC WAVE IN
WATER___________________________________________ 58
Sound Velocity...............................................................................................................58
Absorption and Attenuation........................................................................................... 59
Refraction ......................................................................................................................60
Adverse Effect of Air Bubbles....................................................................................... 61
Reflection at Seabed and Fish School ........................................................................... 62
SPECIFICATIONS____________________________________ SP-1
INDEX
iv
1. FOREWORD
The FURUNO CSH-5 MARK-2 Color Scanning Sonar is a fullcircle,multibeam electronic scanning sonar which detects and instantaneously displays fish schools and underwater conditions in 16 colors
on a 14" non-glare, high resolution CRT screen. Its ease of operation,
versatility and compact size make it the perfect match for any class
of fishing vessel.
Some of the prominent features of the CSH-5 MARK-2 are as follows;
• Compact 8" tube retraction tank
• V ivid 16-color display greatly improves recognition of seabed, and
concentration, distribution and volume of fish schools.
• Various on-screen indications keep operator abreast of fishing conditions.
• Change of control setting is indicated by displaying the new setting in larger characters for five seconds.
• High power MOS FET transmitter ensures reliable operation under any condition.
• Control box, for operation from a distance.
The CSH-5 MARK-2 is a highly sophisticated instrument which performs its intended functions only when operated properly . Please carefully read and follow the recommended procedures for operation and
maintenance to take full advantage of the many features this unit has
to offer.
1
2. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
System Configuration
2
Operating Controls
The CSH-5 MARK-2 provides intuitive operation. If you change a
control setting you will see the associated reaction on the screen almost immediately . All operations are carried out from the main panel
and the control box. The front panel incorporates mainly controls
which do not require frequent adjustment, such as brilliance, interference rejector, and audio volume. The control box, which is connected
to the display unit via a 7 m-long connection cable, houses the mostoften used functions, including transducer operation controls, and
range and gain controls.
3. CONTROLS
DISPLAY UNIT
CONTROL BOX
Main Panel
DEMAG Button
demagnetizes the
display for cleaning
irregular picture color.
Control Panel
3
Main Panel
AGC suppresses the echo tail of strong targets, e.g., the
seabed, for easy recognition of fish schools adjacent to the sea
bottom. Position "1" or "2" is the normal setting.
NOISE LIM is used to reject noise which is displayed over the
screen in light blue. Position "3" is the normal setting.
6
3
6
6
8
8
8
4
2
0
NOISE LIM
1
OFF
4
2
0
CONTRAST
4
2
0
AUDIO
ON
OFF
6
10
2
3
IR
6
10
6
10
2
OFF
2
2
4
0
AGC
2
1
VP
4
0
BRILL
4
0
DIMMER
POWER
10
10
10
COLOR SCANNING SONAR
VP (Video Processor) adjusts the after-image of the echoes for
8
proper period; echoes are stretched in the radial direction. Set
at "1" for ordinary use.
IR (Interference Rejector) rejects random noise and
interference caused by other echo sounders or sonars.
BRILL adjusts brightness of the screen in eleven steps.
8
CONTRAST adjusts the range of brightness between
highlights and shadows on the produced image.
8
DIMMER adjusts panel (main panel and control box panel)
illumination.
AUDIO controls the volume of the built-in loudspeaker for
monitoring a target echo appearing the bearing mark.
POWER switches on and off the entire system.
Note:
When the power is turned off before r etracting the transducer,
the transducer is automatically retracted. However, for safety
purposes, do not forget to retract the transducer before turning the power off.
4
Control Box Panel
TRANSDUCER retracts and lower the transducer. The lamp above the switch flickers while
the transducer is moving and lights when stopped.
TX turns on the transmitter, freeze the display and turns off the
transmitter. The light above the switch is on when the transmitter is turned on
and flickers when off.
Note: The transmitter is turned off when the transducer is retracted even if
the light above the TX switch is on.
MENU turns the menu display on and off.
TRANSDUCER
RANGE
AUTO
MENUTX
TILT
SECTOR
SCAN
-+-+
F1
GAIN
F2
EVENT
EVENT
DELETE
R/B
OFF-
CENTER
GAIN adjusts the receiver sensitivity.
Adjust it for clear presentation of fish
school echoes. This control is also
used to change settings on menu
screens.
RANGE selects a picture display range. This control is
also used to select items on menu screens. Note that
this control endlessly turns in both directions.
TILT
TILT continuously varies the tilt
angle of the sounding beam
between 0° and - 55°. The operating
angle is always indicated on the
screen.
TRACKBALL moves the trackball mark ( ) to a desired position. The trackball
mark data, i.e., slant range, horizontal range, depth and bearing to the mark, are
always indicated on the screen. Additionally, this control is used to position the
own ship’s mark, enter event marks and set the alarm.
5
EVENT
EVENT displays the latest event mark “ + ” and its position data; i.e.,
horizontal range, depth and bearing measured from own ship’ s position. (optional interface board is required to use this function.)
EVENT
DELETE
R/B
OFF-
CENTER
To delete event mark, locate the cursor on a event mark you want to
delete and press EVENT DELETE key.
R/B draws a straight line, called Bearing Mark, from own ship position mark “
draws a circle called Range Mark with a radius of
” toward the trackball mark “ ” and simultaneously
to . Range
and bearing data of the intersection of the two marks are displayed on
the lower center of the screen. T o turn off the range and bearing marks,
move the trackball mark near the own ship position mark and press
the R/B key.
OFF-CENTER moves the own ship’s mark to a desired location on
the screen in steps of 1/6 of screen radius. To off center the screen,
place trackball mark on location to offcenter and press the OFF-CEN-
TER key. To reset the off-centered own ship’ s mark, press the OFF-
CENTER key again.
AUTO
TILT
SECTOR
SCAN
F1 F2
AUTO TIL T automatically tilts the sounding beam up and down within
the tilt angle set on the menu screen.
SECTOR SCAN scans the bearing mark in 2° steps within the area
selected on the menu screen. The echoes along the marker can be
monitored thru the built-in speaker. The lamp at the left of the switch
lights during sector scanning.
These keys provide user-defined sonar setting by one key operation.
These keys have factory settings. See page 22.
6
Menu Screen
The CSH-5 MARK-2 employs four menu screens; menu-l, menu-2
and system menu. Of the four menus, the menu-2 and system menu
contain preset items which do not require setting alteration if they are
once set at installation. See page 32 for further details. The menu-l
contains items to be set by the operator while using the sonar, taking
the fishing ground and fishing method into account. This menu can
be recalled on the lower part of the screen as “scan menu” during
normal operation. This let you adjust setting while observing the sonar picture.
noitacilppAesuotwoH
1-UNEM
2-UNEM
METSYS
UNEM
UNEMNACSgnittesresuroF
metsysroF
gnittes
.erutcip
smetitceleS.noitarugifnoc
.rettimsnartehtffogninrut
ybneercsunemehtllaceR
ehttsujdadnayekUNEM
Recalling Scan Menu
Press the MENU key , and 5 lines of the menu items are displayed on
the lower part of the screen. Note that the scan menu can be recalled
only when the transmitter is on.
SCAN MENU
**
HUE : 1 234
TX OUTPUT :8
PULSELENGTH : 7
TX CYCLE : 10
TVG NEAR : 6
**
( RANGE SW : U/D GAIN SW : L/R )
hcaetceles,noitallatsniretfA
metsysruoyotgnidroccameti
rorecudsnartehtgnisiarretfa
ranosytilauqtsebehtrofmeti
Changing Setting
T o change a setting, select item with the RANGE control and setting
with the GAIN control. The selected item is highlighted in green and
the selected setting is circumscribed in white. T o scroll the menu items,
turn the RANGE control counterclockwise.
Note:
The gain and range of the sonar picture can not be changed
while the scan menu is displayed.
7
Turning Off Scan Menu
To turn off the scan menu, press the MENU key.
Note:
Settings for the items shown in red are locked. To unlock the
settings, call up the system menu. See page 33.
List of Scan Menu Items
SCAN MENU
**
HUE : 1 234
TX OUTPUT :8
PLUSELENGTH : 7
TX CYCLE : 10
TVG NEAR : 6
TVG FAR : 7
AUTO SCN WDTH : ± 10° ± 20° ± 40°± 60°
AUTO TLT WDTH : ± 2°~10°± 4°~14° ± 6°~20° ± 10°~26°
HOR BEAM ANGL : WIDE NARROW
VER BEAM ANGL : WIDE NARROW
RES COL CURVE : LINER 1 2 3
COL EMPHASIS : 1 (LOW) 2 3 4 (HIGH)
FUNC KEY PROG : FUNC1 FUNC2 FACTORY
**
( RANGE SW : U/D GAIN SW : L/R )
Contents of Scan Menu
METIUNEMGNINAEM
EUH otyalpsidehtfosrolocdnuorgerofdnadnuorgkcabehtsegnahC
TUPTUOXT rewopmuminimrofsi"0";spetsnevelenirewoptuptuostsujdA
HTGNELESLUP ehtrofsi"0";spetsnevelenihtgneleslupnoissimsnartasteS
ELCYCXT ehtrofsi"0";spetsnevelenietarnoititepernoissimsnartstceleS
RAENGVT
RAFGVT
.snoitidnocgnithgilrofetasnepmoc
wolaesudna,esulamronrof"01"otteS.mumixam,"01"dna
hsifserucsboohcedebaesronoitcelferecafrusaesnehwrewop
ehttahtetoN.snoitareporetawwollahsdnaegnartrohsnisloohcs
.degnahcsignittesehtretfasdnoces01segnahcrewoptuptuo
.tsegnoleht"01"dnahtgneltsetrohs
.tsetrohsehtrof"01"dnadoireptsegnol
,segnargnoldnatrohstaytivitisnesreviecerehtlortnoC
.ylevitcepser
.gnitteslamronehtsi"5"noitisop,m004revO:RAF
.gnitteslamronehtsi"5"noitisop,m004nihtiW:RAEN
8
NACSOTUA
HTDIW
HTDIWTLITOTUA ;)seergedni(htdiwtlitcitamotuaehttesotdesusiunemsihT
± -2 ± ,01 ± -4 ± ,41 ± -6 ± ro,02 ± -01 ± nisrebmunowtehT.62
LGNAMAEBROH ediwtceleS.elgnamaeblatnozirohehttcelesotdesusiunemsihT
LGNAMAEBREV rofediw;esularenegrofworrantceleS.elgnamaeblacitrevehtsteS
.ylediw
;htdiwnacsehtsteS ± ,01 ± ,02 ± ro04 ± ediwaesU.)seergedni(06
ecnotigniworran,aeranacsafohcraeslarenegatcudnocothtdiw
.detcetedsiloohcshsifa
esuniegnarehtsasegnahchtdiwehttahtswohsgnitteshcae
ehtrofenothgirdnaegnartsegnolehtrofrebmuntfel;segnahc
.egnartsetrohs
.noitanimircsidgniraebrettebrofworran;esularenegrof
ediwehttahtetoN.deepshgihatanwoddnapusmiwshcihwhsif
noitcetedhsiftubyllacitrevaeraediwahcraesotswollaelgnamaeb
oslaetoN.sdaerpsrewopdettimsnartehtecnisdenetrohssiegnar
deyalpsidsiohcemottobeht,retawwollahsanidesunehw,taht
EVRUCLOCSER
roloCesnopseR(
)evruC
.noitisopRAENILsignittes
SISAHPMEROLOC ;yalpsidrolocehtniderfonoitroporpehttesotdesusiunemsihT
.derni
GORPYEKCNUF 2Fdna1Frofgnittesdenifed-resuretsigerotdesusiunemsihT
.gnittestluafedtesotsiYROTCAF.syek
seirav)deyalpsidhtgnertsohce(tuptuo,noitisopRAENIL
ehtnI.seohcegnortsdnakaewneewtebecnalabehtstesunemsihT
rehgihatceleS.)htgnertsohcelautca(tupnihtiwyllanoitroporp
deyalpsideraseohcekaew:seohcekaewezisahpmerettebotgnittes
dradnatsehT.rehgihseogrebmunehtsasrolocohceregnortsni
deyalpsideraseohcenoitroporpretaerg,rehgihseogrebmunehtsa
9
General
4. BASIC OPERATION
This section provides information necessary for basic operation of
the CSH-5 MARK-2, from turning the power on and off to detecting
and tracking fish schools. The basic operating procedure is shown
below.
Basic Operating Procedure
CONTROL SETTINGS
OUTPUT 10
Location for
magnetic function
card
PL 10
TVG, (Far, Near) 5, 5
AGC 0
NOISE LIM 3
VP 1
IR OFF
2/7 Lower/raise transducer.
4 Turn transmitter on.
6 Adjust gain.
3 Select display range.
Turning the Power On/Off
1/8 Turn power ON (OFF).
5 Set tilt angle.
Power On
Press the POWER switch on the main panel. The lamp at the left of
the switch lights.
Note:
The Display and the Transceiver are checked for proper operation each time the power is applied. The check is explained
in greater detail in a later chapter.
10
Power Off
CAUTION
Press the TRANSDUCER “ ” switch on the control box. W ait until
the lamp above the switch lights, and then press the POWER “OFF”
switch. Note that the transducer automatically retracts into the tank
even if the POWER “OFF” switch is pressed without raising the
transducer (by pressing the TRANSDUCER “ ” switch). However,
for safety purposes, it is recommended that you make a habit of pressing the TRANSDUCER “
ducer is retracted.
Lowering the Transducer
Press the TRANSDUCER “ ” switch. The lamp above the switch
flickers, and then lights when the transducer is fully lowered.
” switch first to ensure that the trans-
CAUTION
Observe maximum allowable ship’s
speed of 18 knots during operation and
16 knots while raising/lowering
transducer.
Selecting a Display Range
The RANGE switch on the control box is used to select a display
range. The range selected is displayed at the top center of the screen.
Setting the T ilt Angle
The tilt angle shows the direction to which the sound wave is emitted. When the sound wave is emitted horizontally , it is said to be zero
(0) degrees and when emitted vertically , 90 degrees. T o set a tilt angle,
operate the TILT lever for the desired angle while watching the tilt
angle indication at the top right-hand side of the screen. The tilt angle
can be set in one-degree steps within the range of 0 to 55 degrees.
Finding the proper tilt angle is of utmost importance when searching
for fish. This unit, because of its compact size, is highly suited to
coastal water fishing where the depth of the main fishing ground is
from 50-l00 m. In this type of fishing ground it is imperative that the
seabed echo be always displayed to properly distinguish between fish
and the seabed. When selecting a tilt angle, keep the following points
in mind.
11
Seabed Echo vs Tilt Angle
Case 1: Tilt Angle 30 to 40 degrees
A wide tilt angle will display the entire seabed since it is captured by
the full width of the beam.
Case 2: Tilt Angle 10 to 20 degrees
A narrow tilt angle will display only half the seabed since it is cap-
tured by only the lower half of the beam.
Case 3: Tilt Angle 0 to 10 degrees
An exceptionally narrow tilt angle may or may not capture the sea-
bed since the returning echo is weak.
Example of How to Discriminate Fish Echoes
from the Seabed
The following figure illustrates how two fish schools a and b are
displayed on screen using three different tilt angles.
Case 1: Tilt angle 30 to 40 degrees
Fish school is obscured by the seabed.
Case 2: Tilt angle 10 to 20 degrees
Fish school is located above the seabed (midwater).
Case 3: Tilt angle 0 to 10 degrees
Fish school is located close to the seabed.
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3
b
Fish School a
Seabed
a
Seabed
a
Fish School a
a
Fish School a
Seabed
b
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3
12
Points to Consider
• As a general rule of thumb, a vertically distributed fish school is a
better sonar target than the seabed, since it reflects the transmitted
pulse back toward to the source.
• In case 3, both fish schools a and b are presented. Generally
speaking, however, midwater fish schools tend to be larger than
bottom fish schools and they are often displayed near the seabed
on the sonar screen.
• Detection of bottom fish is difficult if they are not distributed ver tically.
Tilt Angle for Surface Fish
Sound emitted from the sonar transducer forms a circle-shaped beam
with a width of approximately 13 degrees in the vertical direction
(vertical beam width). The tilt angle is indicated by the angle between the center line of the beam and the horizontal plane. Then, if
the tilt angle is set to 0 degrees, the center line is parallel with the sea
surface and one half of the emitted sound goes upward toward the sea
surface.
This causes a half of the emitted sound to be reflected back toward
the transducer and displayed on the screen as sea surface reflections.
When the sea is calm, since the sound is reflected just like a light
hitting a mirror at a narrow incident angle, it propagates away and the
sea surface reflections become negligible.
However if the sea is not calm enough, they will become dominant
and will interfere with observation of wanted echoes. To minimize
these sea surface reflections and to search surface fish schools effectively, the tilt angle is usually set to 5-6 degrees so that the upper
portion of the beam becomes almost parallel with the sea surface.
When the sea is rough, it is often set to a little larger angle.
SEA SURFACE SEA SURFACE
TILT 0°
13°
TILT 7°
13°
Suitable Tilt Angle
The figure on the next page illustrates the relationship among tilt
angle, depth and detection range. Refer to it to find out the suitable
tilt angle for a given depth/detection range.
13
m
Range
0°
5°
10°
15°
68m
300m
Tilt angle vs. Beam Coverage
100 (200) 200 (400) 300 (600) 400 (800)
TIL T ANGLE
20 (40)
40 (80)
60 (120)
80 (160)
100 (200)
46m
200m
23m
100m
13°
Vertical Width of Sonar Beam
200 (400)
Depth
m
14
Adjusting the Gain
The gain should be adjusted to see fish echoes clearly with minimal
noise on the screen. Too high a setting not only causes excessive
noise on the screen and makes it difficult to discriminate wanted fish
echoes but also causes seabed echoes to be painted in strong colors,
resulting that the echoes from bottom fish are masked by seabed reflections. Normally, positions “3” thru “7” are used.
Gain Low Gain Proper Gain High
15
5. FINE TUNING THE PICTURE
General
In the previous chapter basic operation of the sonar was presented.
This chapter describes the procedures for fine tuning the sonar picture.
Eliminating Unwanted Feeble Echoes
Echoes from targets such as seabed and fish return to the transducer
in order of distance to them, and when we compare their intensities at
the transducer face, those from nearer targets are generally stronger
when their reflecting properties are nearly equal. The sonar operator
will be quite inconvenienced if these echoes are directly displayed on
the screen, since he can not judge the actual size of the target from
the size of echoes displayed on the screen. T o overcome this inconvenience, the TVG function is incorporated. It compensates for propagation loss of sound in water; amplification of echoes on short rang is
suppressed and gradually increased as range increases so that similar
targets are displayed in the similar intensities irrespective of the ranges
to them.
The CSH-5 MARK-2 incorporates two TVG function, NEAR and
FAR, and they mainly compensate for propagation loss on short and
long ranges respectively , centered at the ranges shown below. Setting
a TVG in the scan menu larger (smaller) increases (decreases) amplification of echoes.
NEAR
400m
The TVG is also used to suppress unwanted echoes and noise which
appear in a certain range area on the screen such as sea surface reflections and cruising noise. To obtain the proper TVG setting, follow
the procedure below.
FAR
TVG Setting Procedure
1. Set the TVG menus NEAR to “5” and FAR to “5”. These are the
standard setting and you can maintain these settings in most cases.
2. When sea surface reflections or plankton layers disturb the pic-
ture, adjust the NEAR control to eliminate them. They will be
eliminated by decreasing the control setting by “1” or “2”.
16
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