Funkwerk VICAS User Manual

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V!CAS

User’s Guide

Hardware and Installation

Version 1.2 October 1997 Document #70016

NOTE

The information in this manual is subject to change without notice.

This manual provides a description of the BinTec V!CASteleworking router. The

instructions included in this manual are compatible with software version 4.6.

While every ef fort has been made to ensure the accuracy of all information in this document, BinTec Communications GmbH assumes no lia bility to any party for any loss or dam age caused b y errors or omissions or by statements of an y kind in this document. BinTec and the BinTec logo are registered trademarks of BinT ec Communications GmbH.

All other product names and trademarks are the property of their respective companies.

Warning

As a multi-protocol ISDN r outer this product is known to establish ISDN connections as needed depending upon the system’s conﬁguration. To avoid unwanted charges the user is advised to continually monitor the product to ensure it operates within the bounds of the user’s expectations.

BinTec Communications is not responsible for incidental or consequential loss of data, incurrance of connection costs, or other damages resulting from the unsupervised use of the product.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means – graphic, electronic, or mechanical – including photocopying, recording in any medium, taping, or storage in an information retriev al systems, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.

- am, lb

BinTec Communications GmbH October 1997

Declarations

FCC Notice — Class A Computing Device

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules and CSA Regulation C 108.8. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference which the user will be required to correct at his/her own expense.

FCC Notice — Class B Computing Device

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules and meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a r esidential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However , ther e is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment on and off, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

•Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

•Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

•Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different fr om that to which the receiver is connected

•Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/T.V. technician for help.

The use of a non-shielded interface cable with the referenced device is pr ohibited. Changes or modiﬁcations not expressly approved by BinTec Communications GmbH could void the authority to operate the equipment.

CE Notice

The symbol means that the V!CAS adheres to the EMV (89/336/EWG) and voltage (73/23/EWG) guidelines deﬁned by the European Community.

Euro-Numeris

In addition to the guidelines deﬁned by the EC, the V!CAS also adheres to ISDN requirements in France and may be connected to Euro-Numeris.

The GS (Geprüfte Sicherheit) symbol means that the V!CAS adheres to the standards deﬁned by the German safety regulations.

ISDN Ordering Codes (IOC) for the U.S.A.

V!CAS operates with the following IOCs: Capability Package ’S’ and

EZ-ISDN-1

Important Safeguards

This section describes the safety precautions the user should abide by when operating this equipment.

NOTICE: The safeguards listed here apply to all countries. A description of these safeguards in your local language can be found in Appendix A.

• Transport this equipment in its original packaging or by using appropriate materials to prevent against shock and impact.

• Before setting up this product for operation please make note of the accompanying environmental requirements.

• Slots and openings in the unit are provided for ventilation. To ensure reliable operation and to protect it from overheating these slots and openings must not be blocked or covered.

• Condensation may occur externally or internally if this equipment is moved from a colder room to a warmer room. When moving this equipment under such conditions, allow ample time for the equipment to reach room temperature and to dry before operating.

• Note that normal operation (in accordance with IEC 950/EN-60950) is only possible when the external housing is left in place (ventilation, ﬁre prevention, and r adio interference).

• Before supplying power, verify the power rating identiﬁed on the marking label complies with the local power source. This equipment may be operated under the following conditions:

100 - 240 VAC 50 - 60 Hz max. 0.2 A

• Do not allow anything to rest on an y of the attached cables and do not locate the product where persons will walk or trip on the cables.

• Connect this equipment only to an approved, properly grounded, and accessible socket outlet (this product includes a safety tested power cable). To completely turn off this equipment y ou must remove the power cord from the system.

• Avoid connecting or disconnecting data lines during lightning storms.

• Follow the accompanying instructions when connecting the required cabling.

• Make sure no foreign objects or liquids come into contact with the internal components (danger of shock or short circuit).

• In an emergency (e.g., damaged external housing or internal elements, liquid spills) immediately remove the power cord and notify customer service.

• Use only the supplied cables. If you use other cables BinTec Communications cannot assume responsibility for any resulting damage.

• Electrostatic electricity can damage internal components. Ground yourself before touching any internal components.

• Never use water to clean this device. If water reaches the internal parts, extreme danger may result to the user or the equipment.

• Never use scouring or abrasive cleaning agents, or agents containing alkaline on this device. Damage to the device’ s exterior may result.

•

1V!CAS

User’s Guide Version 1.2

Contents

1. Introduction

How to contact BinTec Communications ............................................. 1

How to get the latest software and documentation ........................... 2

About your User Documentation ............................................................ 2

Features ..................................................................................................... 3

What’s covered in this guide .................................................................. 5

Conventions used in this guide ............................................................... 6

2. Installing the V!CAS

Connecting the V!CAS to the LAN ......................................................... 8

Connecting the V!CAS to the ISDN ...................................................... 10

Connecting analog devices to the V!CAS ......................................... 10

Connecting the V!CAS to a PC or terminal ......................................... 11

The BOOT sequence .............................................................................. 11

Logging in for the first time .................................................................... 12

3. Working with the V!CAS

SNMP, MIBs, and V!CAS System Tables ................................................ 16

Configuration Files, Flash, and the TFTP ................................................ 18

Physical and Software Interfaces ......................................................... 19

V!CAS User’s Guide v

V!CAS

Setup Tool vs. SNMP Shell ....................................................................... 20

Using Setup Tool ...................................................................................... 21

Menu Layout.......................................................................................... 21

Menu Structure...................................................................................... 22

Special Menu Commands................................................................... 23

Menu Navigation.................................................................................. 24

4. Setup Tool Menus

Setup Tool Main Menu ........................................................................... 26

Basic System Configuration ................................................................... 28

Hardware Interfaces .............................................................................. 32

LAN Interface : bnctp........................................................................................................................................................................................ 32

WAN Interface : 1bri ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 35

Partner Management ............................................................................ 40

Configuring Protocols ............................................................................. 53

System Administration ............................................................................ 87

5. How do I Configure ...

Hardware Interfaces ............................................................................ 100

How do I configure an ISDN interface in general?......................... 100

How do I configure a leased line connection?............................... 102

How do I configure an Ethernet interface?..................................... 103

IP Features ............................................................................................. 104

How do I configure dialup TCP/IP access for an ISDN partner?.... 104

How do I configure Dialup Access to

CompuServe Online Services................................................ 106

How do I configure the V!CAS to accept

its IP address dynamically? ................................................... 107

How do I configure the V!CAS as a dynamic IP address server?.. 108

How do I configure Internet access for my LAN using NAT?.......... 109

How do I configure access lists to protect my network? ............... 111

How do I configure the V!CAS as a RADIUS client?........................ 113

How do I configure the V!CAS as a BOOTP relay agent?.............. 115

IPX Features ........................................................................................... 116

How do I connect my local and remote

IPX networks over ISDN? ........................................................ 116

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

X.25 Features ......................................................................................... 118

How do I configure an X.31 link (X.25 in the D-channel)?.............. 119

How do I configure X.31 in the B-channel (Case A/Case B)?....... 121

How do I configure X.25 access for a host on my LAN? ................ 123

How do I configure ISDN dialup access for an X.25 partner? ....... 125

How do I route IP traffic over X.25 with MPX25?.............................. 126

How do I use the V!CAS as a TCP-X.25 bridge? .............................. 128

POTS Features ........................................................................................ 131

How can I configure my POTS ports if I only have one MSN?........ 131

How can I configure my POTS ports using more than one MSN? . 132

General .................................................................................................. 134

How can I retrieve accounting information (ISDN and TCP/IP)? .. 134 How do I use the V!CAS as a Bridge to link two LANs over ISDN?. 136

How can I improve security?............................................................. 138

How can remote users access the V!CAS’ status page? .............. 142

6. Troubleshooting

General Troubleshooting ..................................................................... 147

Debugging Tools ................................................................................... 147

debug................................................................................................... 147

isdnlogin............................................................................................... 148

bricktrace............................................................................................. 148

System Errors .......................................................................................... 148

Software Problems ................................................................................ 150

IPX Routing........................................................................................... 150

ISDN Connections ................................................................................. 152

POTS Connections ................................................................................ 156

7. Command Reference

The SNMP shell commands .................................................................. 157

BRICKtools for UNIX Commands .......................................................... 163

8. Hardware/Firmware Configuration

Hardware ............................................................................................... 166

Front Panel Indicators......................................................................... 166

The Back Plane.................................................................................... 167

vii

V!CAS

The Power Socket................................................................................ 168

The Network Ports................................................................................ 168

Telephony Ports................................................................................... 168

Serial Port.............................................................................................. 168

The Main Board ................................................................................... 168

Firmware ................................................................................................ 169

Upgrading System Software .............................................................. 169

BOOTmonitor ....................................................................................... 169

Automatic booting over TFTP ............................................................ 172

General System Specifications ............................................................ 173

A.Technical Data

Pin Assignments ..................................................................................... 174

ISDN S0 interface ................................................................................. 174

POTS Port for analog equipment....................................................... 175

Serial Port.............................................................................................. 176

Ethernet Ports....................................................................................... 177

B. Index

viii

1INTRODUCTION

What’s covered

• How to contact BinTec Communications ...........................................1

• How to get the latest software and documentation..........................2

• About your User Documentation ..........................................................2

• What’s covered in this guide .................................................................5

• Conventions used in this guide..............................................................6

How to contact BinTec Communications

Ways to contact BinTec Telephone number or address Telephone +49 911 96 73 0 FAX +49 911 688 07 25

BinTec Communications GmbH

Mail

e-Mail

WWW http://www.BinTec.de

Sales: sales@BinTec.de Service: support@BinTec.de

Willstätterstraße 30 D-90449 Nürnberg GERMANY

V!CAS User’s Guide

V!CAS

How to get the latest software and documentation

Please visit our WWW server for current information on all BinTec products. Via our WWW server BinTec provides you free of charge with the most recent versions of:

• User documentation for your BinTec software/hardware

• System software for your V!CAS (see section Firmware in chapter 8 on how to update the system software)

• Release notes for upgrading your V!CAS’ system software

• Windows software and UNIXTools applications

About your User Documentation

Your V!CAS documentation consists of this User’s Guide, the intr oductory Getting Started and Los Geht’s manuals, and the online references BRICKware for Windows,Software Reference, andThe Management Information Base.

This document includes information for users that are familiar with networking and telecommunications and describes the V!CAS hardware and includes all the basic information you need to setup, conﬁgure, and administer your V!CAS.

See the next section for an introductory list of features of your new V!CAS. Following that is an overview of what’s covered in this guide.

Note: Your V!CAS belongs to BinTec’s successful family of

BIANCA/BRICK ISDN routers.

Whenever the term “BRICK” is used throughout the user documentation, please be assured that these sections also apply to your V!CAS.

2 How to get the latest software and documentation

Features

Your V!CAS can serve a number of different purposes—most of them at

the same time. These include (but are not limited to) the following:

• Small PBX—connect up to two analog devices, such as telephones, fax machines, or modems, to your V!CAS. This setup is especially useful in small ofﬁce environments.

You can make internal calls between the two connected telephones free of charge, make two independent ISDN calls at the same time, use one ISDN B channel for a phone call while transferring data on the other, or even use both B channels for data transfer and still be able to accept incoming calls via the Priority Voice Technology.

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

“Now that I’ve got this new V!CAS—what can I do with it?”

• Keypad Facilities—when you dial additional digits during an estab- lished connection (Sufﬁx Dialling / Nachwahl) from an analog telephone connected to a POTS port, these digits are not only sent as DTMF tones, but also as keypad data packets.

You can access special functions on some external PBXs by using Sufﬁx Dialling (Nachwahl). Please refer to the manual of your PBX for a description of its special functions.

• Remote TAPI server—you can use computer telephony applications on your Windows 95 or Windows NT PC to dial for you, to open up database entries of customers depending on their telephone number, or as an intelligent answering machine.

For instructions on installing the Remote TAPI please refer to the BRICKware for Windows online documentation.

Please note that the Remote TAPI is available for both Windows 95 and Windows NT, but not for Windows 3.x.

• Remote CAPI server—many PC communication applications use the standardized CAPI interface to establish data connections—such as terminal sessions, T-Online, Eufoﬁletransfer, or fax—over the ISDN.

Features 3

V!CAS

• Included on your BinT ec ISDN Companion CD you’ll ﬁnd theRVSCOM lite communications software for W indows 95 and NT , which

is a good and useful example for the power of CAPI applications.

• Router—use your V!CAS for routing IP or IPX packets received via ethernet from your PC to your company LAN over the ISDN, and vice versa.

• Bridge—use your V!CAS to connect two LANs.

• Remote conﬁguration—conﬁgure your V!CAS from a r emote site us- ing the isdnlogin program (please refer to the Getting Started or Los Geht’ s manuals).

• Priority Voice Technology—incoming and outgoing voice calls take precedence over existing 2-B-channel data connections (e.g. MultiLinkPPP).

This means that the data connection temporarily gives up one of its B channels for the duration of the voice call.

Note: Your ISDN access has to support the »Call waiting« feature

(»Anklopfen« in Germany) for the incoming voice call to be signalled to your V!CAS. Without this feature, the Priority Voice Technology only works for outgoing voice calls.

• STAC compression—V!CAS supports the STAC compression ac- cording to RFC 1974 and 1962 standards (PPP Stac LZS Compression Protocol and PPP Compression Contr ol Protocol r espectively) which—depending on the data—can increase performance to a factor of four.

The Stacker LZS algorithm is developed by Hi/fn Inc. STAC compression on the V!CAS is also compatible with Cisco’s

proprietary STAC implementation which is automatically detected at connection time.

These are but a few instances. You will ﬁnd many more in examples throughout this guide and the other manuals of your user documentation.

4 Features

What’s covered in this guide

Chapter 1 Introduction is this chapter.

Chapter 2 Installing the V!CAS describes physically installing the

V!CAS on your LAN.

Chapter 3 Working with the V!C AS gives you a brief introduction to the V!CAS and reviews some of the basic concepts that are central to working with the V!CAS.

Chapter 4 Setup Tool Menus describes all the menus and variables you’ll see when conﬁguring the V!CAS’ features. This chapter is intended as a reference to the Setup Tool menus.

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Chapter 5 How do I Conﬁgure ... answers the most common questions asked when conﬁguring the V!CAS. If you just want to know how to conﬁgure feature X, this is the ﬁrst place to look.

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting is your guide to solving some of the most common problems you may encounter when administering the V!CAS.

Chapter 7 Command Reference describes the shell commands available from the V!CAS’ SNMP shell.

Chapter 8 Hardware/Firmware Conﬁguration describes the V!CAS hardware, and important tasks, such as upgrading the system software.

Appendix A Technical Data contains technical speciﬁcations for the V!CAS, its communications ports, and security information in different European languages.

What’s covered in this guide 5

V!CAS

Conventions used in this guide

To help you locate and interpret information easily, this manual uses the following visual clues and typographic conventions.

Visual Clues

Lets you know what information you’ll

✍

need before you start to conﬁgure a feature.

Marks the beginning of a list of steps required to conﬁgure a V!CAS feature.

References to information in other sections or documents that may be helpful.

Points out important information such as

Bold constant width type r epresents characters or text that you must type in, exactly as shown.

Bold italic type represents special system table names. Text enclosed in a box like this represents a

submenu or menu command found in Setup Tool.

safety precautions and common pitfalls.

Typographic Conventions

SYSTEM

6 Conventions used in this guide

1INSTALLING THE V!CAS

What’s covered

• Connecting the V!CAS to the LAN .......................................................8

• Connecting the V!CAS to the ISDN.....................................................10

• Connecting the V!CAS to a PC or terminal.......................................11

• The BOOT sequence.............................................................................11

• Logging in for the ﬁrst time ..................................................................12

Y ou may have alr eady installed and setup your V!CAS with the help of the accompanying Getting Started and Los Geht’s manuals. In that case you can skip over this chapter.

In this chapter, we’ll describe physically installing the V!CAS on your LAN and attaching a serial console. Then we’ll cover the brief BOOT sequence the V!CAS goes through when starting up, and describe the login procedures you should use when logging in for the ﬁrst time.

V!CAS User’s Guide 7

V!CAS

Connecting the V!CAS to the LAN

This section explains how to connect the V!CAS to your LAN. You can connect your V!CAS to an ethernet using either the 10Base2 or 10BaseT port on the back plane.

At boot time, and during normal operation mode the V!CAS, automatically detects which LAN port is currently in use (however, only one port per module may be used at a time).

Thin Coax Cabling 10Base2

If your network is setup using thin coaxial cabling, stations on your network are directly attached to the network cabling using a BNC connector as shown in ﬁgure 1 below. A transceiver is usually not required.

Figure 1: BNC Connector

1. Attach the BNC T-connector to the BNC port on the back plane

marked 10Base2.

2. Attach one end of the coaxial cable to an open end of the T -connector.

Align the notches in the cable end with those on the T-connector and

push the cable in, twisting about a quarter turn.

3. If the V!CAS is going to be the last station on your network you will

also need to attach a 50Ω terminator to the other end of the T-connec-

tor.

Thin coaxial Cabling requirements. Though thin coaxial cabling is less expensive and easier to install, distance and attachment restrictions are

8 Connecting the V!CAS to the LAN

more stringent than for thick coaxial cabling. Thin coaxial segments have

a maximum distance of 185 meters and each segment can support up to

30 stations.

Twisted pair cabling 10BaseT

If your network is setup using twisted pair (or telephone) wiring then in-

dividual stations are attached to the network through UTP (unshielded

twisted pair) connectors. A UTP connector is a telephone type (RJ-45)

connector also known as a western plug. A twisted pair cable connects

the UTP port of each station on the network to a central 10BaseT concen-

trator . You can attach the V!CAS to your ethernet using the 10BaseT port.

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Ferrite

Figure 2: RJ-45 Western Plug with Ferrite

1. Attach a twisted pair cable to your V!CAS by inserting the 8 pin RJ-45

jack into the twisted pair port on the back plane marked 10BaseT.

2. Make a small loop into your twisted pair cable as close as possible to the V!CAS and attach a ferrite to it.

Note: You must use a ferrite with your twisted pair ethernet

cable. Otherwise the V!CAS may produce a higher

3. Attach the other end of the twisted pair cable to an input port of your concentrator

amount of electromagnetical radiation and therefore possibly cause interference with other devices.

Connecting the V!CAS to the LAN 9

V!CAS

Connecting the V!CAS to the ISDN

The V!CAS ISDN BRI port can be connected to your ISDN subscriber outlet with the included ISDN cable or any standard 8 pin RJ-45 cable.

1. Attach the included ISDN cable (or any standard 8 pin RJ-45 cable) to

an ISDN subscriber outlet.

2. Attach the other end of the cable to the port marked ISDN S0 on the V!CAS.

Connecting analog devices to the V!CAS

You can connect up to two analog devices, such as telephones, fax machines, or modems, to the POTS1 ports A and B of your V!CAS.

Note: Please note, however, that these devices must be configured

to use tone dialling (Mehrfrequenzwahl in Germany), and not

If you just connect V!CAS to the ISDN and two analog telephones to

ports A and B you can use the following functions without any further conﬁguration.

• Free-of-charge internal calls between the two connected devices—

the device at port A can be reached by dialling »∗1«, the number for port B is »∗2«. You can of course change these numbers if needed.

• You can call any external number by simply dialling it. If your V!CAS

is connected to the ISDN through an external PBX, you may have to dial a prefix code for external calls.

For instructions on how to conﬁgure the phone numbers for the POTS

pulse selection (Impulswahl in Germany). Also make sure to use cables with the correct pinout (see Appendix A).

ports please refer to pages 84 ff.

1. »Plain old telephone service«

10 Connecting the V!CAS to the ISDN

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Note: Some PBXs and exchanges may, however, refuse to forward

calls without an ISDN calling party number. In these cases

you will have to further configure your V!CAS before you can make external calls.

Connecting the V!CAS to a PC or terminal

A PC or terminal can be connected directly to the V!CAS using the 9 pin serial port on the backplane marked serial console. Please use the included laplink cable for this purpose. Initially use the following communications parameters.

Data Rate: 9600 bps Data Bits: 8 Parity Bit: None Stop Bit: 1 Terminal Type: VT100 (or ANSI) SW Handshake: XON/XOFF HW Handshake: none

The default data rate used by the V!CAS can be set using the BOOTmoni- tor which is described in Chapter 8.

The BOOT sequence

Each time you power up the system, the V!CAS moves between three different modes. The LEDs on the front panel correspond to stages within each mode. The section Front Panel Indicators in Chapter 8 describes their respective meanings.

Power-up Mode BOOTmonitor Mode Normal Operation Mode

During Power-up Mode, the V!CAS performs various self-tests designed to verify the integrity of the system and to ensure the internal circuitry is working properly.

Connecting the V!CAS to a PC or terminal 11

V!CAS

In BOOTmonitor mode, the V!CAS waits 4 seconds for the user to

press the spacebar which activates the BOOTmonitor. See BOOTmonitor, page 169, in Chapter 8 for information on using the BOOTmonitor.

Normal Operation Mode is entered once the V!CAS is ﬁnished booting

its internal system software.

Normally, the whole process only takes about 15 seconds. You can see

the results of the various tests on your terminal display.

### V!CAS - Start-up ###

Starting DRAM Test : ................................ ok.

Starting FLASH Test : .... [0xc3b2] ok.

Starting ISDN Chip Test : .... ok.

Starting ISDN Loopback Test : .... ok.

Starting ISDN Bus Test : .... ok.

Starting Ethernet Chip Test : .... ok.

Starting Ethernet Loopback Test M1: .................... ok.

Starting Ethernet Loopback Test M2: .................... ok.

### V!CAS (Hardware Release 1.2, Firmware Release 1.7) ok ###

Press <sp> for boot monitor or any other key to boot system

Booting Image from Flash ROM Checking image ... OK

Writing image to RAM (Release 4.6.1) .......................OK (1396684 bytes)

Booting BOSS...

The system is coming up.

The system is ready.

After the system comes up, the V!CAS starts various system daemons

depending on which features are licensed on your V!CAS. The system then presents a login prompt to the screen of a connected serial console.

Logging in for the ﬁrst time

To log into the V!CAS for the ﬁrst time;

enter admin at the login prompt, then enter bintec when prompted for a password.

Note that the V!CAS uses three different login names and passwords

to grant various levels of access to conﬁguration information. These user

12 Logging in for the ﬁrst time

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

IDs correspond to “Community Names” used in the SNMP. For information on the differences between these user IDs or changing the default password settings, please refer to Setup Tool’s menu on page

SYSTEM

29.

Logging in for the ﬁrst time 13

V!CAS

14 Logging in for the ﬁrst time

1WORKING WITH THE V!CAS

What’s covered

• SNMP, MIBs, and V!CAS System Tables ...............................................16

• Conﬁguration Files, Flash, and the TFTP ..............................................18

• Physical and Software Interfaces........................................................19

• Setup Tool vs. SNMP Shell......................................................................20

• Using Setup Tool.....................................................................................21

In the previous chapter we explained physically installing the V!CAS on your LAN. If you haven’t already configured your V!CAS for basic operation (covered in Los Geht’ s andGetting Started), you might like to read this chapter first. With this chapter, we’d like to give you an introduction to working with the V!CAS. First we’d like to explain a few basic concepts that make the V!CAS such a diverse and powerful product. Of course if you’re already farmiliar with the BIANCA/BRICK family of routers and the Setup Tool, feel free to skip this section. Then we’ll cover using Setup Tool (i.e., menu structure, key commands, etc.) on the V!CAS. This section contains some important information including some of the finer points to using Setup Tool. You may decide to return to this section for future reference while using Setup Tool.

V!CAS User’s Guide 15

V!CAS

SNMP, MIBs, and V!CAS System Tables

Remote access is one of the V!CAS’ most important features and means that as an administrator, you have just as much control of the V!CAS from a telnet session as you do from an attached console. This section describes the underlying concepts such as SNMP, MIBs, and V!CAS System Tables which make remote access possible.

SNMP stands for the Simple Network Management Protocol and de-

fines the rules for the transfer of management information over IP networks. SNMP is implemented as a client-server system; the station “being managed” runs the server-process, and the management station the client-process.

For example, the administrator at host “zeus” could manage the rout-

er “bingo” using an SNMP management application such as Sun’s Netmanager.

SNMP Server

bingo

Okay, route 1 is ... route 2 is ...

LAN: 199.1.1.0

Show me your route table.

SNMP Client

zeus

After booting, the V!CAS starts a login shell. We sometimes refer to it

as the SNMP shell because special commands can be entered from the shell which are given directly to the V!CAS’ SNMP server-process. This means that the V!CAS’ SNMP shell can be accessed from an SNMP client application, as well as simple text-oriented connections such as telnet, isdnlogin, or minipad.

But wait; before an SNMP management station can administer such

stations, it first has to know a few things about it such as what type of station it is (router, printer, bridge, …), what operating parameters can be changed, etc. This is where the MIB or Management Information Base comes in.

16 SNMP, MIBs, and V!CAS System Tables

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

A MIB is a sort of database containing different variables (often referred to as objects), all of which combined, define how the V!CAS operates as a whole. The V!CAS implements differnet MIBs, including the standard IP MIB version 2, Novell and BinTec Enterprise MIBs. Our SNMP client-process running on zeus shown above, would need to load MIB files locally from disk before contacting bingo.

Upon booting, the V!CAS starts an SNMP process, then reads its configuration file (covered next) and stores the information in memory. From the SNMP shell, these variables are represented by various System Ta- bles which are arranged into functional groups. Entering the “g” command displays a list of groups while the “l” command shows a long list of all system tables.

Memory

Admin

IPX

Bridge

CAPI

Interface

MIB

X25

ISDN

SNMP

PPP

ISDN

Ethernet

These variables can be changed by editing the system tables; the V!CAS then updates the respective variables in memory instantly. As mentioned earlier, the V!CAS can be managed from any of it’s ports.

Note: As soon as a variable is changed in memory, the setting

becomes effective immediately, the V!CAS does not have to

be rebooted nor do configuration files need be reloaded. Any changes made to memory not saved in a configuration file, however, are lost once the system is shut down.

SNMP, MIBs, and V!CAS System Tables 17

V!CAS

Conﬁguration Files, Flash, and the TFTP

As mentioned earlier, the V!CAS reads its configuration information internally from a configuration file. This file is stored in Flash EEPROM (electronically eraseable programmable read-only memory), which we just refer to as Flash. Actually, Flash can hold as many different files as you need; as long as there’s enough room for them.

Think of Flash as a directory of configuration files. The files in this di-

rectory can be created, copied, moved, deleted. It’s also possible to retrieve and transmit configuration files to/from remote hosts. These actions can be performed using the Conﬁguration Management menu in Setup Tool or from the SNMP shell by using special commands. Refer to the description on this menu in Chapter 4 for more information on the various commands and parameters.

Flash File

New Flash File

Flash

REORG

COPY

MO DELETE

REBOO

TFTP Server

Memory

SAVE

LOAD

STA

GET

PUT

The transfer of configuration files between the V!CAS and remote

hosts is made possible by the TFTP, or Trivial File Transfer Protocol. Using TFTP, it’s also possible for the V!CAS to retrieve its boot-image (or system software) from a TFTP host. See the section on the BOOTmonitor in Chapter 8.

18 Configuration Files, Flash, and the TFTP

Physical and Software Interfaces

One of the central concepts used on the V!CAS is the idea of interfaces. This section briefly explains the idea of interfaces used on the V!CAS.

As a router the V!CAS was designed to link your local and remote networks (or hosts) using WAN links such as ISDN dialup, leased line, and X.25 connections. To establish connections to these sites, the V!CAS uses the Software Interfaces that you configure. By configuring a software interface, we simply mean that you create an interface by giving it a name and specify the characteristics of the communications link such as:

• Type of Link — what physical medium to use.

• Supported Protocols — what protocols do you want to route.

• Encapsulation — the format to use when transmitting data.

• Connection security — authentication at connect time?

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

• Network security — what types of trafﬁc don’t you want routed.

The characteristics you configure for a software interface depend on the capabilities of the hardware of your V!CAS. Software interfaces are easily added or changed using the V!CAS’ Setup Tool under the WAN Partners menu. You can create as many software interfaces as you need. When routing, the V!CAS maps software interfaces onto physical hardware interfaces.

Let’s consider the example shown on the following page. The V!CAS interconnects the LAN in Paris and a site in Munich with the file servers and other hosts on the local ethernet.

Suppose host-X on the V!CAS’ LAN segment generates intermittent bursts of traffic with a host on the Paris LAN. We might create a “parisx31” interface and configure X.31 (X.25 in the D-channel) allowing us to take advantage of volume-based charging in X.31. All other traffic could be routed over ISDN dialup connections.

Physical and Software Interfaces 19

V!CAS

Munich Paris-LAN host-X

ISDN

2B + D

ISDN S

munich-dialup paris-dialup

paris-x31

HW Interfaces

SW Interfaces

File Server

LAN

Ethernet

en1-snap

V!CAS

BinTec

Setup Tool vs. SNMP Shell

As mentioned earlier, administering the V!CAS’ features involves managing the various system variables (or tables of variables) defined in the V!CAS’ MIB. Considering the close to 100 system tables and the various interdependencies of the resulting 1000 or more variables, this can be a daunting task when performed from the SNMP shell.

The V!CAS’ Setup Tool removes the complexity of administering the

V!CAS and allows you to configure the features you need using a simple character based menu system.

Keeping Setup Tool character oriented means you can administer the

V!CAS and its features remotely from simple character based connections such as telnet, terminal emulation programs, isdnlogin, and minipad.

This document describes administering the V!CAS with Setup Tool.

For info on using the SNMP shell see the Software Reference Manual.

V!CAS

20 Setup Tool vs. SNMP Shell

Using Setup Tool

Setup Tool is an easy to use, intuitive menu-oriented program. After a few minutes, you’ll have no problem finding your way around the various menus. In this section we’d like to point out a few things you should be aware of when using Setup Tool.

But first, let’s look at Setup Tool’s Menu Layout and Structure.

Menu Layout

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Navigational Aid: Tells you where you

are in Setup Tool menu system.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

ROUTING]: IP Route Table

The ﬂags are: U (Up), D (Dormant), B (Blocked),

Destination

199.1.2.2 199.1.1.20 255.255.255.128 US 0 en1 loc

199.1.1.0 199.1.1.2 255.255.255.128 US 0 en1 loc

ADD DELETE EXIT

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll, <Space> tag/untag DELETE, <Return> to edit

Help Line: As you move the cursor

between different ﬁelds the help line provides useful information.

G (Gateway Route), I (Interface Route), S (Subnet Route), H (Host Route)

Gateway Mask Flags Me Interf/Partner Pro

V!CAS’ hostname: Useful for sites with

several BRICKs.

vicas

Using Setup Tool 21

V!CAS

Menu Structure

Basic

System

Hardware

Interfaces

Partner

Management

Protocol

Management

Licenses

System

LAN Interface

Advanced Settings

WAN Interface

Advanced Settings

Incoming Call Answering

WAN Partner

ISDN Numbers

IPX

Advanced Settings

Routing

Static Settings

Network Address Translation

SNMP

Dynamic IP Address Server

IPX

System

Administration

22 Menu Structure

POTS

Static Settings

POTS A

POTS B

Conﬁguration Management

Monitoring &

Debugging

ISDN Monitor

X.25 Monitor

Interfaces Messages

TCP/IP

Special Menu Commands

While using Setup Tool you will notice that some menus have different command options in the lower portion of the menu such as the “ADD” “DELETE” “SAVE” and “CANCEL” commands shown below. There are a few slight differences between these commands which you should be aware of.

ADD DELETE SAVE CANCEL

Use <Space> to select

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Menu Command Effect ADD Used to create or add an item to a list. CANCEL Discards all changes made within the cur-

rent menu. Note: ONLY the current menu.

DELETE This command deletes all entries tagged

for deletion from a list. Changes are saved to memory and become effective immediately.

OK The changes made in the current menu are

marked, but are only saved to memory after a SAVE is activated in the next menu.

SA VE All variables set in the current menu AND its

submenus are saved to memory . The ef fect is that these changes become effective immediately.

EXIT Simply return to the previous menu.

Special Menu Commands 23

V!CAS

Menu Navigation

While using the Setup Tool the following keys can be used to navigate the various menus.

Key Combination Meaning

Tab

Esc Esc

Ctrl

Return

Use the tab key to mov e to the next ﬁeld entry. Use the Return key to enter a submenu or to activate a menu command (such as SAVE, EXIT, or DELETE).

Scroll backwards or forwards among a list of required entries.

Use the up and down cursor keys to move forwards or backwards among menu ﬁelds.

Entering the escape key two times successively aborts changes made and returns you to the previous menu.

Use the spacebar to toggle the delete ﬂag for special entries that may be deleted.

While holding down the Control-Key press L to redraw the screen.

Ctrl

24 Menu Navigation

While holding down the Control-Ke y press N to jump to the next item in a list.

While holding down the Control-Key press P to jump to the previous item in a list.

While holding down the Control-Key press B to scroll back a page in a long list. At the top right edge of the list there will be either a »=« (top of list) or a »^« (more to come).

While holding down the Control-Key press F to scroll forward a page in a long list. At the bottom right edge of the list there will be either a »=« (bottom of list) or a »v« (more to come).

1SETUP TOOL MENUS

What’s covered

• Basic System Configuration..................................................................28

• Hardware Interfaces.............................................................................32

• Partner Management...........................................................................40

• Configuring Protocols ...........................................................................53

• System Administration...........................................................................87

In the previous chapter we gave you a brief overview of working with the V!CAS and described how you can administer it using the SNMP shell, or Setup Tool.

In this chapter we’ll cover all of the menus and settings you’ll see while using Setup Tool. This chapter is divided into ﬁve sections which correspond to the Setup Tool Main Menu.

• Basic System Conﬁguration

• Hardware Interfaces

• Partner Management

• Conﬁguring Protocols

• System Administration

Each menu is identiﬁed according to its location in relation to the Main Menu such as .

WAN PARTNER

ADD

V!CAS User’s Guide 25

V!CAS

Setup Tool Main Menu

After entering setup from the shell prompt Setup Tool’s Main Menu is displayed as below. Depending on your hardware setup and software conﬁguration your V!CAS’ menu may differ slightly.

LICENSES

SYSTEM

Used for entering the serial number licensing information.

Contains basic administration information such as system

name, security passwords, and system logging parameters.

LAN Interface

WAN Interface

Feature Module

Used for conﬁguring the ethernet interface. Used for conﬁguring the ISDN interface. Displays the type of the feature module installed in

your V!CAS.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

Licenses LAN Interface: CM-BNC/TP, Ethernet WAN Interface: CM-1BRI, ISDN S0

System

vicas

Feature Module: CM-POTS-MOD1-14 WAN Partner

IP IPX X.25 POTS MODEM Configuration Management

Monitoring and Debugging Exit

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll through menu items, <Return> to enter

WAN Partner

IPX

X.25

Based on the information you provided in the Licenses menu, this section lists the protocols that can be conﬁgured on your V!CAS. Initially, only the IP protocol is listed.

Used for adding/deleting ISDN partners.

26 Setup Tool Main Menu

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

POTS

CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT

Here you can edit the parameters necessary for the POTS ports.

Used for managing the V!CAS’ conﬁguration ﬁles. For example you can save/delete ﬁles locally on the V!CAS or on a remote IP host using TFTP.

MONITORING AND DEBUGGING

These menus are useful in debugging problems on your network and allow you to monitor the V!CAS’ ISDN and X.25 interfaces, TCP/IP trafﬁc by interface or protocol, and syslog messages.

Setup Tool Main Menu 27

V!CAS

Basic System Conﬁguration

LICENSES

licenses

The upper portion displays a status for each of the V!CAS’ subsystems based on the installed licenses listed in the lower portion. V arious subsystems are required for different features to operate on the V!CAS.

Available subsystems and possible statuses include:

Subsystem BRIDGE CAPI TAPI IP IPX OSPF STAC X25

Status builtin valid not_valid

Until a license is installed the list is empty and only IP and TAPI are

available (builtin).

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

LICENSE]: Licenses vicas

Available Licenses: IP (builtin), TAPI (builtin), OSPF (valid), CAPI (valid), BRIDGE (valid),

X25 (valid), IPX (valid), STAC (valid)

Serialnumber Mask Key State 101546 311 88PNUPZ ok

ADD DELETE EXIT

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll, <Space> tag/untag DELETE, <Return> to edit

Select to enter a new license. Select to remove a license that has been marked for dele-

ADD

DELETE

tion (using the spacebar).

Select to accept the entries and return to the main menu.

EXIT

28 Basic System Conﬁguration

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

SYSTEM

system

The System menu contains the V!CAS’ basic system settings. Some ﬁelds are required for the IP and PPP protocols, and others are optional variables that contain administrative information.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

SYSTEM]: Change System Parameters vicas

System Name vicas Local PPP ID (default) vicas Location building 14, 3rd floor, room f Contact Joe Brick (joe@vicas.com)

admin Login Password/SNMP Community bintec read Login Password/SNMP Community public write Login Password/SNMP Community public RADIUS Server Password HTTP Server Password bintec Syslog output on serial console no Message level for the syslog table debug Maximum Number of Syslog Entries 20

External System Logging >

SAVE CANCEL

Enter string, max length = 34 chars

System Name = Deﬁnes the V!CAS’ system name and is used by IP

as the hostname. If the system name is not set, the V!CAS displays a

warning message to the screen when the admin user logs in.

Local PPP ID = This ﬁeld is required by the PPP to identify your

V!CAS at connection time for IP partners conﬁgured for PAP or CHAP

authentication.

Location = (optional) The physical location of your V!CAS.

Contact = (optional) Person responsible for this V!CAS. This text

string must contain a valid email address if the system adminstrator is

to be contaced from the V!CAS’ HTTP status-page.

passwords requir ed for the admin, r ead, and write users. User r estric-

tions are shown in the table below.

Basic System Conﬁguration 29

V!CAS

User Restrictions

Execute shell commands Read

System

Vars admin System, IP, IPX, ISDN, X.25 ✓✓ ✓ write IP, IPX, ISDN, X.25 ✓ read IP, IPX, ISDN, X.25 ✓

1. Excluding password and license variables.

2. Changes only saved to memory (lost upon reboot).

Set

Vars

✓ ✓

Save

Conﬁg

Files

—

Note: Since the admin user has complete access to the V!CAS’

configuration information, the admin password should be

protected.

RADIUS Password = Required for sites using RADIUS servers for user authentication.

HTTP Server Password = Required for viewing the HTTP status pages of your V!CAS. You should change this password from its default value bintec.

Syslog output on serial console = Speciﬁes whether to display system messages to the console and may be useful when debugging.

Message level for the syslog table = Speciﬁes a priority level for messages sent to the console. Only system messages with a priority less than or equal to this value are displayed. Possible levels include:

Highest priority debug DebugEmergency

emerg Emergency Messages alert Alert Messages crit Critical Messages err Error Messages warning Warning Messages notice Notice Messages

lowest priority info Info Messages

30 Basic System Conﬁguration

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Maximum Number of Syslog Entries = This ﬁeld deﬁnes the maximum number of messages to save, older messages are discarded. The date, text, and time messages were sent can be seen in the

MONITORING AND DEBUGGING

MESSAGES

menu.

SYSTEM

EXTERNAL SYSTEM LOGGING

extsyslog

The External System Logging menu contains a list of Log Hosts to send system and/or accounting messages to.

Note: Generally it’s not a good idea to send messages to hosts

accessible over dialup ISDN interfaces.

Select to create a new log-Host. Select to remove a host which has been marked for deletion. Select to accept the list and return to the system menu.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

SYSTEM][LOGGING]: External System Logging vicas

ADD

DELETE

EXIT

Log Host Level Facility Type

ADD DELETE EXIT

For each host the following parameters must be set.

LogHost = An IP address of a host to send messages to. Level = Deﬁnes the level of messages to send to this host. See “Mes-

sage level for the syslog table” (p. 30) for info on message levels. Facility = The facility on the log host, messages should be sent to. For

UNIX hosts, this facility (level 0 – 7) must be conﬁgured appropriately. For PCs, you will need a separate application such as DIME Syslog.

Type = T ype of messages to send to host (system, accounting, or both).

Basic System Conﬁguration 31

V!CAS

Hardware Interfaces

LAN Interface : bnctp

CM-BNCTP, ETHERNET

This menu contains settings for the ethernet interface of your V!CAS.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

LAN]: Conﬁgure Ethernet Interface vicas

IP-Configuration

local IP-Number 199.1.1.2 local Netmask 255.255.255.0 Encapsulation Ethernet II

IPX-Configuration

local IPX-NetNumber 0

Encapsulation none Bridging enabled Advanced Settings >

SAVE CANCEL

Enter IP address (a.b.c.d or resolvable hostname)

IP-Conﬁguration

local IP-Number = The IP address of the LAN interface. local Netmask = The netmask to use for this interface. Encapsulation = Deﬁnes the type of header applied to IP packets sent

over the LAN; either “Ethernet II” and “Ethernet SNAP” may be used.

IPX-Conﬁguration

local IPX-NetNumber = Deﬁnes the IPX network number assigned

to the LAN connected to this interface.

32 Hardware Interfaces

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Encapsulation = Deﬁnes the type of header applied to IPX packets sent over this interface.

Supports

IPX Encapsulation

IP IPX X.25 Bridging

Ethernet II ●● Ethernet SNAP ●● Ethernet 802.2 LLC ●●● Novell 802.3 ●

Bridging = Setting to “on” allows bridging packets to pass over this inter-

face. Set to “off” to disable.

Hardware Interfaces 33

V!CAS

CM-BNCTP, ETHERNET

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

LAN][ADVANCED]: Advanced Settings vicas

RIP Send RIP V2 RIP Receive RIP V2

IP Accounting on Proxy Arp off

SAVE CANCEL

ADVANCED SETTINGS

bnctp.adv

Use <Space> to select

RIP Send = Speciﬁes which types of Routing Information Protocol (RIP) packets to send on this interface. When version 2 RIP packets are used, the V!CAS also sends the netmask of propagated IP addresses. This allows the V!CAS to propagate RIP packets to networks that do not use the default netmask for their respective network class.

RIP Receive = Speciﬁes which types of RIP packets to accept (or ignore) from this interface.

IP Accounting = Turns IP accounting on or off for this interface. When turned on, accounting information for each TCP, UDP, or ICMP session routed over this interface is recorded in the ipSessionTable. Once a session is closed, an accounting record is generated and stor ed in the syslog table. Accounting records can be seen in the Setup Tool

MONITORING AND DEBUGGING

MESSAGES

menu.

Proxy Arp = Turns proxy ARP for this interface to on or off. When turned on, the V!CAS answers all ARP requests received on this interface, with its own hardware address.

34 Hardware Interfaces

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

WAN Interface : 1bri

CM-1BRI, ISDN S0

This menu contains settings for the ISDN interface.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

WAN]: WAN Interface vicas

Result of autoconfiguration: Euro ISDN, point to multipoint ISDN Switch Type autodetect on bootup D-Channel dialup

B-Channel 1 dialup B-Channel 2 dialup

Incoming Call Answering > Advanced Settings>

SAVE CANCEL

Use <Space> to select

Result of autoconﬁguration = The status of ISDN autoconﬁguration for this interface. The autodetection procedure runs until a successful detection or the switch type (see below) is set manually.

ISDN Switch Type = Deﬁnes the switch type your ISDN provider uses. In most cases “autodetect on bootup” will detect the proper switch type. If the switch type is set manually, the autodetection feature is disabled for this interface.

The follwoing protocols are supported for dialup and leased lines.

ISDN Dialup Lines ISDN Leased Lines

• Euro ISDN

• 1TR6

• AT&T 5ESS Custom ISDN

• ISDN 1 AT&T NI1, EWSD NI1

• National ISDN 1 Northern

Telecom DMS100

• Japan NTT INS64

• leased line B1 channel (64S)

• leased line B1+B2 channel (64S2)

•leased line D+B1+B2 channel (TS02)

Hardware Interfaces 35

V!CAS

D-channel = Most sites should leave these settings to their default values. However, if you have arranged special ISDN services from your provider the D-channel can (and must) be set to operate as DTE or DCE for the local side of a leased line connection. Note that the remote side must be conﬁgured opposingly.

B-channel 1 = Most sites should leave these settings to their default values. These settings should only be changed for sites requiring special conﬁgurations (as noted in D-channel above).

B-channel 2 = How to use the second B-channel. See above. SPID B-Channel 1+2 = Required for the AT&T protocols and sets the

SPID (Service Proﬁle Identiﬁer) to use for both B-channels. SPID B-channel 1 = Required for the National ISDN 1 Northern T ele-

com protocol and sets the SPID to use for the ﬁrst B channel. SPID B-channel 2 = Required for the National ISDN 1 Northern T ele-

com protocol and sets the SPID to use for the second B channel. Incoming Call Answering B1 = Under the National ISDN 1 North-

ern Telecom protocol, incoming call answering procedures must be speciﬁed for each B-channel.

See the

CM-1BRI, ISDN S0

INCOMING CALL ANSWERING

menu on page 37. Incoming Call Answering B2 = See above.

36 Hardware Interfaces

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

CM-1BRI, ISDN S0

INCOMING CALL ANSWERING

1bri.callans

The settings in this menu are used to distribute incoming ISDN calls received on this interface to different service items. The V!CAS distinguishes incoming calls based on the “Called Party’s Address” transmitted in ISDN.

For example you might want an incoming call from a particular ISDN station to automatically receive the login service. However, you’ll probably want most calls to be given to the routing service.

By default all incoming calls are dispatched to the login service.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

WAN][INCOMING]: Incoming Call Answering vicas

Item Number Mode

ADD DELETE EXIT

The incoming call answering is handled by the entries in this list. At ﬁrst the list will be empty. Choose to create a new entry or se-

ADD

lect an existing entry and press <Return> to edit it. You will then get a new screen, where you can specify the Item, Number and Mode settings.

Hardware Interfaces 37

V!CAS

Item = the ISDN service you want to use for this call. You can select one of the following:

Value Meaning

Default value, good for all PPP connection types listed below (except for the speciﬁc

PPP (routing)

ISDN Login login service PPP 64k 64kbps PPP data connection PPP 56k 56kbps PPP data connection

PPP Modem Proﬁle 2 … 8 settings) if the calls are signalled correctly (as is the case in most of Europe).

If in doubt, try this value.

PPP Modem

PPP DOVB

PPP V.110 (1200 - 38400)

Pots put the call through to the POTS ports PPP Modem

Proﬁle 1 … 8 CAPI 1.1 EAZ 0 … 9

Mapping

selects Modem Proﬁle 1 as conﬁgured in the

[

MODEM

data transmission over voice bearer; useful e.g. in the US where voice calls sometimes cost less than data connections

bit-rate adaption according to V.110 (1200 bps, 2400 bps, …, 38400 bps)

selects Modem Proﬁle 1 … 8 as conﬁgured in the

EAZ mapping for CAPI 1.1 applications

]

[

MODEM

]

Number = the telephone number to use for this item. Mode = the direction for matching the incoming telephone number

(Called Party Number), either starting from the right (right to left, this is the default), or from the left (left to right (DDI), only useful for the Direct Dial In (DDI) feature of point-to-point ISDN accesses.

1. Called »Anlagenanschluß« in Germany

38 Hardware Interfaces

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

CM-1BRI, ISDN S0

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

WANI][Advanced]: Advanced Settings vicas

X.31 TEI Value specify Specify TEI Value 0 X.31 TEI Service Packet Switch

SAVE CANCEL

ADVANCED SETTINGS

1bri.adv

Use <Space> to select

X.31 TEI Value = This is an optional ﬁeld for sites that need to custom-

ize the TEI (Terminal Endpoint Identiﬁer) used for this interface. The

TEI value can be veriﬁed by your ISDN provider. T o enable X.31 select

“specify” and then specify your TEI.

X.31 TEI Service = Most sites will leave this settings to “Packet

Switch”. May also be set to “CAPI” or “CAPI Default”.

Hardware Interfaces 39

V!CAS

Partner Management

WAN PARTNER

wanpartners

This menu lists all ISDN partners currently conﬁgured on your system. The list displays each parter ’s name, the protocol used, and the current state, i.e. active (connected) or dormant (disconnected).

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

WAN]: WAN Partners vicas

Current WAN Partner Configuration

Partnername Protocol State partnerbrick ppp dormant

ADD DELETE EXIT

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll, <Space> tag/untag DELETE, <Return> to edit

T o edit an existing partner fr om the list, ﬁrst highlight the partner , then

enter <Return>.

Select to create a new ISDN partner. Select to remove a partner conﬁguration that has been

ADD

DELETE

marked for deletion (Using the spacebar.).

Select to accept the partner list and return to the main

EXIT

menu.

40 Partner Management

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

WAN PARTNER

ADD

waddpartners.add

This menu is where you add (or change) ISDN partner conﬁgurations. If you are editing an existing partner, the current settings are displayed. If you’re adding a new ISDN partner , the default values for a dialup IP partner are shown.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

WAN][ADD]: Conﬁgure WAN Partner vicas

Partner Name Enabled Protocols <X> IP < > IPX < > BRIDGE < > X.25 Encapsulation PPP Identify by Calling Number no PPP Authentication Protocol CHAP and PAP Partner PPP ID Local PPP ID PPP Password

ISDN Numbers > IP > IPX > Advanced Settings >

vicas

SAVE CANCEL

Enter string, max length = 25 chars

Partner Name = Enter a unique name to identify your partner. If the

ISDN partner is a BIANCA/BRICK, this should be set to the BRICK’s

hostname.

Enabled Protocols = Depending on the type of trafﬁc you will be

routing with this partner, select the protocols the link to this partner

will support.

Encapsulation = Deﬁnes the type of encapsulation to use over this

link. Depending on which protocols you enabled for this partner, the

available encapsulation methods will vary.

Also note that encapsulations using ST AC compr ession are only avail-

able if STAC is licensed on your V!CAS.

See the table below for encapsulation characteristics.

Partner Management 41

V!CAS

WAN Partner Link Encapsulation

Compression Encapsulation Protocol

— PPP

STAC PPP + Compression

— Async PPP over X.75 — Async PPP over X.75/T.70/BTX — Multi-Protocol LAPB Framing

V.42 bis Multi-Protocol LAPB Framing + Compression

— Multi-Protocol HDLC Framing — HDLC Framing (only IP) — LAPB Framing (only IP)

V.42 bis LAPB Framing (only IP) + Compression

— X.25_PPP

STAC X.25:PPP + Compression

— X.25 — X31 B-Channel — X.25 No Signalling

IPX

Bridge

X.25

Identify by Calling Number =This determines whether this partner should be identiﬁed using the Calling Party’s Number in ISDN. Note, if turned off, the partner must be identiﬁed using either PAP or CHAP authentication protocols.

The following three settings only apply if PPP (or X.25_PPP) encapsulation is being used.

PPP Authentication Protocol = Speciﬁes how this partner is authenticated at connection time. If calling line identiﬁcation is not used, at least one authentication mechanism must be used.

Partner PPP ID = The PPP ID this caller must use at connection time.

42 Partner Management

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Local PPP ID = The PPP ID your V!CAS should use for this partner.

The Local PPP ID from the menu is displayed as a default

SYSTEM

setting.

PPP Password = The password this partner uses at connection time.

ISDN Ports to use = This ﬁeld deﬁnes which ISDN interfaces can be

used to open connections with this partner. The list only displays the

ISDN D-channel stacks that are currently available.

Partner Management 43

V!CAS

WAN PARTNER

ADD

ISDN NUMBERS

wannpartners.isdnnumbers

This menu lists the ISDN telephone numbers this ISDN partner can be reached at. If you’re conﬁguring a new ISDN partner the list is empty.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

WAN][ADD][ISDN NUMBERS]: ISDN Numbers () vicas

ISDN Numbers for this partner:

ISDN Number Direction

ADD DELETE EXIT

Select to add a new ISDN number. In the subsequent dia-

ADD

logue, enter an ISDN telephone number this partner can be reached at.

Instead of just entering a single telephone number in the ISDN

Number ﬁeld, you can also use wildcards to make entries for groups of numbers. The table below lists the currently supported wildcards.

ISDN Number Wildcard Matching

[ ]

{ }

Match zero or more digits. 45* matches any number beginning with 45, i.e., 45, 4512, 4512345, 459, etc.

Match any single digit. 5? matches 50 through 59.

Brackets denote a set of possible digits to match. A hyphen may be used for inclusive ranges. 21[45] only matches 214 or 215 (4 or 5) 21[6-8]matches 216, 217, 218 (6 through 8, inclusive) 21[^9] matches 210 through 218. (not 9)

Curly braces denote an optional string to match.

{

0911}2145 matches 09112145 and 2145 (optional)

44 Partner Management

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Note: If the Calling Party’s Number from the incoming call

matches an ISDN Number entry with wildcards and an entry without wildcards, the entry without wildcards is always used.

Select to remove an entry that has been tagged (using the

DELETE

spacebar) for deletion.

Select to accept the list of ISDN number(s) and return to

EXIT

the previous menu.

To change an existing ISDN number, highlight the entry and then enter <Return>.

Partner Management 45

V!CAS

WAN PARTNER

ADD

wanpartners.add.ip

Use this menu to set this partner’s IP address and netmask.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

WAN][ADD][IP]: IP Conﬁguration () vicas

IP Transit Network no Partner’s LAN IP Address

Partner’s LAN Netmask

SAVE CANCEL

Use <Space> to select

Transit Network = Speciﬁes whether to use a transit network between the V!CAS and this partner’s LAN. Most sites will not require a transit network and can leave this set to “no”.

If you use a transit net (“yes”), you’ll also have to set the ISDN IP addresses for both sides of the connection.

Assign “dynamic” if the V!CAS receives its IP address and the IP addresses for the primary and secondary domain name server from this partner at connection time.

local ISDN IP Address = The V!CAS’ IP address on the transit network.

Partner’s ISDN IP Address = The partner ’s IP address on the transit network.

Partner’s LAN IP Address = The partner’s IP on the remote LAN. Partner’s LAN Netmask = The netmask to use for the remote LAN.

Only required for LANs using non-standard netmasks. If left blank, a standard netmask for the respective network class will be used.

46 Partner Management

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

WAN PARTNER

ADD

IPX

wan.partners.ipx

This menu is available if the IPX protocol is enabled for this W AN partner .

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

WAN][ADD][IPX]: IPX Conﬁguration () vicas

IPX NetNumber 0 Send RIP/SAP Updates triggered + piggyback(on changes, per. if link active) Update Time 60

Age Multiplier 4

OK CANCEL

Enter integer value

IPX NetNumber = This is the IPX network number of the WAN link

and is required by some IPX routers.

Send RIP/SAP Updates = Determines how often RIP (Routing Infor-

mation Protocol) and SAP (Service Advertising Protocol) packets are

sent to this remote partner.

In IPX networks, RIP and SAP packets are broadcast to adjacent networks to inform them of current routes and services. The trafﬁc generated by RIP and SAP is okay for LANs but for adjacent networks connected over WAN interfaces, consideration must be made.

The following table shows the types of updates that can be conﬁgured for IPX partners.

Partner Management 47

V!CAS

Open

new

link?

timed update

piggyback never yes yes

triggered + piggyback

triggered

passive triggered

off never no no

always yes yes May lead to higher ISDN costs.

only for

changes

only for

changes

never yes no

Send

changes?

yes yes

yes no

Send

Periodic

updates? Drawback

At least 1 static route/service must be conﬁgured for partner

default setting (sufﬁcient in most cases)

Less trafﬁc but is less reliable than triggered + piggyback.

At least 1 static route/service must be conﬁgured for partner

All routes/services must be conﬁgured statically.

Update Time = Determines how often periodic updates are sent. Age Multiplier = Used only for aging of existing routes/services.

Routes and services not updated within <update time> x <age Multiplier> seconds are removed.

48 Partner Management

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

WAN PARTNER

ADD

ADVANCED SETTINGS

wan.advanced

This menu is used to enable special features for the respective partner.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

WAN][ADD][ADVANCED]: Advanced Partner Setttings () vicas

Callback no Static Short Hold 20 Delay after Connection Failure 300 Channel-Bundeling dynamic Total Number of Channels 2 RIP Send RIP V1 RIP Receive RIP V1 + V2 Van Jacobson Header Compression off IP Accounting off Dynamic IP-Address Server off

Layer 1 Protocol ISDN 64 kbps Provider Configuration >

OK CANCEL

Use <Space> to select

Callback = If callback is “expected” the V!CAS calls this partner, hangs up, and waits for the partner to call back. “yes” means: if this partner requests a connection (by calling the V!CAS), terminate the call and initiate a new connection to this partner.

Note: Using CLID (see Identify by Calling Number in the previ-

ous menu) avoids incurring charges for the initial call, but is

a less secure means of authentication when used without PAP and or CHAP.

Static Short Hold = Deﬁnes the number of seconds to wait before closing all data channels to this partner once the line becomes silent.

Delay after Connection Failure = The number of seconds to wait before allowing new connections with this partner after a connection failure. Upon failures the interface is blocked for this many seconds.

Channel-Bundeling = The type of channel-bundeling to use for this partner. The number of channels (N in the table below) is deﬁned by the next ﬁeld “Total Number of Channels”.

Partner Management 49

V!CAS

Open extra

Type

static No N N dynamic Yes 1 N no No 1 1

channels based

on throughput

Channels to

open initially

Max # of

channels

“static” means always keep N channels open for connections to this partner. When a connection is established with this partner, N channels are opened, and remain open until the link is closed.

“dynamic” means monitor throughput, and open additional ISDN channels to this partner only when needed. Initially, 1 ISDN B-channel is opened.

Total Number of Channels = Deﬁnes the max # of channels to have open with this partner. If static channel-bundeling is being used, this also deﬁnes the # of channels to open at connection time.

RIP Send = Which types of RIP packets to send to this partner. If RIPv2 packets are sent, the V!CAS also sends the netmask of the propagated IP address, which allows the V!CAS to propagate RIP packets to networks that do not use the default netmask for their respective network class.

RIP Receive = Which types of RIP packets to accept (or ignore) from this partner.

Van Jacobson Header Compression = If turned “on” the TCP/IP packet headers are compressed according to RFC 1144, resulting in a better data-to-overhead-ratio, especially when using smaller packet sizes.

IP Accounting = If IP Accounting is turned “on” accounting messages will be stored for each TCP, UDP, or ICMP session routed between this partner.

See the section on the

MONITORING AND DEBUGGING

MESSAGES

menu for information on the format of accounting messages.

50 Partner Management

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Dynamic IP-Address Server = Set to “on” if you want the V!CAS to assign this partner a fresh IP address at connection time. The next free IP address is taken from the pool of addresses deﬁned under

DYNAMIC IP ADDRESSES

. This partner can also—on

request—get its domain name server addresses from the V!CAS. Layer 1 Protocol = This entry only has an effect on outgoing calls to

this partner and on incoming calls which are identiﬁed by their calling party number. For an outgoing modem connection you should select one of the eight modem proﬁles.

The Layer 1 Protocol for incoming calls not identiﬁed by their calling party number—which will probably the case for most incoming modem connections, as they usually originate from the analogue telephone network, where no calling party numbers are supplied with the

☞

calls—is taken from the settings.

INCOMING CALL ANSWERING

The following table shows the possible values for the Layer 1 Protocol entry.

Note that most entries correspond to similar entries in theItem ﬁeld of the menu explained on page 37.

INCOMING CALL ANSWERING

Value Meaning

ISDN 64kbps 64kbps ISDN data connection ISDN 56kbps 56kbps ISDN data connection

Modem

DOVB

V.110 (1200 - 38400)

selects Modem Proﬁle 1 as conﬁgured in the

[

MODEM

data transmission over voice bearer; useful e.g. in the US where voice calls sometimes cost less than data connections

bit-rate adaptation according to V.110 (1200 bps, 2400 bps, …, 38400 bps)

]

Modem Proﬁle 1 … 8

selects Modem Proﬁle 1 … 8 as conﬁgured in the

[

MODEM

]

Partner Management 51

V!CAS

WAN PARTNER

ADD

ADVANCED SETTINGS PROVIDER CONFIGURATION

You can use this menu to conﬁgure dialup IP connections to CompuServe Online Services. The menu contains user access information (host machine, member ID, and password) which is used to generate biboPPPLog- inString used at connection time.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

WAN][EDIT][ADVANCED][PROVIDER]: Provider Conﬁguration(cis) vicas

Provider Compuserve Network Host CIS

User ID 12345,6789 Password secret

OK CANCEL

prov

Use <Space> to select

Provider = Deﬁnes the type of access to CompuServe and may be one of the following:

Online Provider Encapsulation in WAN Partner menul

not deﬁned (default v alue, i.e. do not use this option) Compuserve via T-Online async PPP over X.75/T.70NL/T-Online Compuserve

Corporate Network

Compuserve Network async PPP over X.75

1. For direct access.

2. For indirect access via the T-Online gateway.

async PPP over X.75 async PPP over X.75/T.70NL/T-Online

Host = The CompuServe hostname to dial into. User ID = The user’s CompuServe Member ID to use for the connec-

tion. Password = The password to use for the User ID speciﬁed above.

52 Partner Management

Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

The IP menu consists of several submenus which contain global settings for the IP and some special IP-related features. Most of the menus contain optional settings, speciﬁc to a particular feature.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP]

: IP Conﬁguration vicas

Routing Static Settings Network Address Translation Access Lists Dynamic IP Addresses (Server Mode) DHCP Server SNMP OSPF

EXIT

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll through menu items, <Return> to enter

ROUTING

STATIC SETTINGS

contains the IP routing table of your V!CAS.

contains some required parameters such as the

V!CAS’ domain name, as well as IP addresses for optional servers.

Network Address Translation

is used to conﬁgure different inter-

faces for Network Address Translation.

ACCESS LISTS

is used to conﬁgure different access lists which can

be used to control access to/from hosts on the connected networks.

DYNAMIC IP ADDRESSES

is used to manage the pool of IP

addresses the V!CAS uses when operating as an IP address server.

DHCP SERVER

contains resources the V!CAS will use when acting

as a Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol server.

SNMP

OSPF

contains basic settings required for the SNMP. contains settings required for the OSPF r outing protocol.

Conﬁguring Protocols 53

V!CAS

ROUTING

ip.routing

This menu displays the current IP routing table. Fr om this menu you can edit exisiting IP routes or add new ones. Note that IP routes learned through the RIP can’t be changed, only deleted.

For the most part, the columns are self explanatory:

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

ROUTING]: IP Routing vicas

The flags are: U (Up), D (Dormant), B (Blocked),

G (Gateway Route), I (Interface Route), S (Subnet Route), H (Host Route)

Destination Gateway Mask Flags Me Interf./Partner Pro

199.1.1.0 199.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 US 0 en1 loc

ADD DELETE EXIT

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll, <Space> tag/untag DELETE, <Return> to edit

To add a new IP route select .

ADD

To edit an existing route, highlight the entry and enter <Return>. To remove one or more IP routes, mark the entries for deletion using

the spacebar, then select .

Select to accept the entries and return to the menu.

EXIT

DELETE

Note that the changed routing table becomes effective immediately.

54 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

ROUTING ADD

ip.routing.add

Use this menu to add (or make changes) to the IP routing table.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

ROUTING][ADD]: Add or Change IP Route vicas

Route Type Host route Network WAN without transit network

Destination IP-Address 200.1.1.2 Partner / Interface partnerbrick Metric 1

SAVE CANCEL

Use <Space> to select

Route Type = The type of IP route you’re adding, i.e. a route to a single host or network. If a default route is speciﬁed it will only be used when no other matching routes are found.

Network = Use LAN for hosts (or nets) directly attached to the V!CAS. For routes that use WAN interfaces, specify whether the route includes transfer network. If “discard” is used the V!CAS disregards all packets matching this route.

Transit Networks: Some sites may require an intermediate transit

network (mainly sites using routing equipment from different

manufacturers). As shown below, each host on the transit network

is accessible via two different addresses.

201.1.1.1 201.1.1.2

Transit

Network

ISDN

199.1.1.1 199.1.1.2

200.1.1.1 200.1.1.2

Conﬁguring Protocols 55

V!CAS

Destination IP-Address = IP address of the remote host or network. If this route uses a WAN link with a transfer network, enter the IP address of the ISDN side of the partner’s router. See diagram above.

Netmask = Only for network-routes. If left blank, a standard netmask for the appropriate network class will be used.

Partner / Interface = For routes using a WAN link without a transfer network, scroll through the list of WAN partners using the spacebar.

Gateway IP-Address = The host the V!CAS should forward packets to for this route, often called the “Next-Hop”.

Metric = The metric value for this route. Metric values with a lower priority have precedence.

56 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

STATIC SETTINGS

ip.advan

Thie Static Settings menu contains some of the basic settings for your V!CAS.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

STATIC]: IP Static Settings vicas

Domain Name bricks.com Primary Domain Name Server 199.1.1.99 Secondary Domain Name Server Time Protocol TIME/UDP Time Offset (seconds) 0 Time Update Interval (seconds) 86400 Time Server 199.1.1.99 Remote CAPI Server TCP port 6000 Remote TRACE Server TCP port 7000 RIP UDP port 520 BOOTP Relay Server Unique Source IP Address RADIUS Server HTTP TCP port 80

SAVE CANCEL

Enter string, max length = 35 chars

Domain Name = Sets the V!CAS’ IP domain name. Primary Domain Name Server = The IP address of the V!CAS’ do-

main name server.

Secondary Domain Name Server = An alternate name server. Time Protocol = The protocol to use to retrieve current time. The fol-

lowing protocols are possible.

Protocol Explanation

time_udp Time Service (RFC 868) via UDP time_tcp Time Service (RFC 868) via TCP

time_sntp

isdn ISDN D-Channel

SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol, RFC 1769) via UDP

none Disable time retrieval altogether

Conﬁguring Protocols 57

V!CAS

Time Offset (seconds) = The time in seconds to add/subtract to the retrieved time. Values between -24 and +24 are assumed to be hours and are appropriately converted to seconds. Note that when time is r etrieved from ISDN the offset must be set to zero.

Time Update Interval (seconds) = The interval in seconds at which current time should be updated/retrieved. Similar to Time Offset values between 1 and 24 are assumed to be hours and converted to seconds. For Protocol=time_udp, time_tcp, or time_sntp new requests are sent every Time Update Interval seconds. When isdn is used the current time will be retrieved fr om the next ISDN connection established after Time Update Interval seconds.

Time Server = The IP address of the V!CAS’ timeserver. Remote CAPI Server TCP port = The port number to use for CAPI

connections. Default value: 6000 Remote TRACE Server TCP port = The port number the V!CAS uses

for TRACE requests. Default value: 7000 RIP UDP port = The port number used on the V!CAS for RIP. Default

setting is 520. RIP can be disabled by assigning port 0. BOOTP Relay Server = The BOOTP server’s IP address. If conﬁgured

the V!CAS will relay all BOOTP requests received over its LAN interface to the server. BOOTP responses received from the server are returned to the requesting client.

Unique Source IP Address = This is not the V!CAS’ IP address. When routing to partners over a transit network, the V!CAS normally uses the IP address of its LAN interface as the source address in IP frames. If this is not desired, this ﬁeld deﬁnes the IP address to use instead.

RADIUS Server = The RADIUS server’s IP address. HTTP port = The port number used on the V!CAS for HTTP requests.

By default TCP port number 80 is used. Access to the V!CAS’ statuspage can be disabled by assigning port number 0 here.

58 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Network Address Translation

ip.nat

This menu lists all IP interfaces that may be conﬁgured for NAT. The V!CAS supports both Forward and Reverse NAT.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

NAT]: NAT Conﬁguration vicas

Select IP Interface to be configured for NAT en1

en1-snap partnerbrick

EXIT

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll, <Return> to edit/select

To conﬁgure an interface highlight it and enter <Return>.

Forward NAT means, allow all trafﬁc destined (moving-forward) for this interface. Arriving trafﬁc is only accepted if explicitly allowed1.

Private

LAN

199.1.1.0

NAT

ISDN

Internet Service

Provider

Internet

Reverse NAT means, allow all trafﬁc arriving on this interface. Trafﬁc destined for this interface is only accepted if explicitly allowed1.

NAT

Dialup

Client

ISDN

Internet

Service

Provider

Internet

1. Or the traffic is return data from a session initiated internally.

Conﬁguring Protocols 59

V!CAS

Network Address Translation

EDIT

ip.nat.edit

The NAT Conﬁguration menu lists session proﬁles that deﬁne which session are allowed over this NAT interface. From this menu you can add, change, or delete session proﬁles.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

NAT][CONFIG]: NAT Conﬁguration (en1) vicas

Network Address Translation off

Configuration for sessions requested from outside Service Destination Source Dep. Dest. Dep. Port Remap

ADD DELETE SAVE CANCEL

Use <Space> to select

Network Address Translation = The type of NAT to perform for this interface: “on” for forward NAT , “r everse” for r everse NAT, and “off” to disable NAT completely.

To edit an existing session, highlight the entry and enter <Return>. To conﬁgure a new session proﬁle for this interface select .

ADD

To delete a session, mark the entry for deletion using the spacebar,

then select .

Select to accept the session list and return to the previous

DELETE

SAVE

menu.

Select to discard all changes made since the last SA VE and

CANCEL

return to the previous menu.

Note: Once saved, any changes made here become effective

immediately. Be aware of this when configuring NAT from

a remote site.

60 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Network Address Translation

ADD

ip.nat.add

This menu is used to add or change session proﬁles for a NAT interface. Sessions conﬁgured here deﬁne the types of IP session(s), that are explicitly allowed over this NAT interface. The session proﬁle conﬁgured here applies to a speciﬁc host.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

NAT][CONFIG][ADD]: Edit NAT Conﬁguration (en1) vicas

Service user defined Protocol icmp Port (-1 for any) -1

Destination

SAVE CANCEL

Use <Space> to select

Service = The service to allow on the internal host. Several services are already deﬁned. To deﬁne other services, set to “user-deﬁned” and set the Protocol and Port ﬁelds appropriately.

Protocol = The protocol to allow for user-deﬁned services. Port = The port number to allow. Use “-1” to allow all ports for the

speciﬁed protocol. If a speciﬁc port is set, it must match the port number used by the internal host.

Destination = IP address of the internal host to allow connections to. Leaving this ﬁeld empty identiﬁes the V!CAS as the destination host.

Select to accept the session proﬁle and r eturn to the previ-

SAVE

ous menu.

Select to abort the entries made so far and return to the

CANCEL

previous menu.

Conﬁguring Protocols 61

V!CAS

ACCESS LISTS

ip.accesslists

This menu displays the IP Access Lists. The V!CAS has an Allow list and a Deny list based on the mode of the entries conﬁgured here. Each entry speciﬁes an interface to monitor incoming trafﬁc on and deﬁnes a set of IP packets.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

ACCESS]: IP Access Lists vicas

M (Mode) values are: a (Allow), d (Deny)

Access Lists configured: M Prt Int./Partner Src Address Src Port Dst Address Dst Port

a tcp dialup1 any any any any d tcp dialup1 any any any 21 d tcp dialup1 210.1.2.3/24 any any 23 d tcp dialup1 any 25-103 any clients

ADD DELETE EXIT

IP packets are tested to see if they match deny/allow entries. The de-

cision whether to route the packet is based on the following algorithm

Incoming

packet

Allow List

empty?

Match an

Allow entry?

Discard packet!

yes

Deny List

empty?

Match a

Deny entry?

yes

Route packet!

Using Source and Destination Port Numbers

Along with the source and destination addresses, the Internet Protocol uses source and destination ports numbers, to identify data connections uniquely. The client side generates a number (xyz) which is used as the

62 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

source port, for the destination port it uses the number the server offers the service on. The server sends IP packets with the port numbers reversed in respect to the client. A simpliﬁed ftp connection might look like this.

200.1.1.2

ftp

server

<xyz>199.1.1.121200.1.1.1

199.1.1.1

ftp

client

➊

Src Addr Src Port Dest Addr Dest Port

ACCESS LISTS ADD

ISDN

➋

Src Addr Src Port Dest Addr Dest Port

21200.1.1.2<xyz>199.1.1.1

ip.accesslist.ad

Use this menu to create an Allow or Deny access entry. Depending on the Mode set for the entry, the packet will be routed or dropped.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

ACCESS][ADD]: Add or Change Access List Entry vicas

Mode deny Protocol any

Source Interface/Partner dialup1 Source Address

Source Mask Source Port specify range Specify Port 5 to Port 100

Destination Address Destination Mask Destination Port specify Specify Port 23

SAVE CANCEL

Use <Space> to select

Mode = Allow or deny the following packets to be routed. Protocol = Set the protocol to match, or “any” to match all protocols. Source Interface/Partner = Select the interface (or partner) to moni-

tor incoming IP frames on. Set to “any” to monitor all interfaces.

Conﬁguring Protocols 63

V!CAS

Source Address = (optional) Set the IP address to match frames from. Source Mask = (optional) Apply an optional mask. Source Port = The range of port numbers to apply. Use “specify” to

select a speciﬁc port number, “specify range” to select a range of port numbers by entering the ﬁrst and the last port to be included in the range, “any” to match all ports numbers, or one of the predeﬁned ranges, as explained in the table below.

Source Port Ranges

0 ... 1023 1024 ... 4999 5000 ... 32767 32768 ... 65535

privileged unprivileged

server clients server clients

specify / specify range

Destination Address = (optional) The IP address of the destination host to match.

Destination Mask = (optional) Apply an optional mask. Destination Port = A range of ports to apply (see Source Port, above).

Select to accept the these settings and return to the previ-

SAVE

ous menu.

Select to abort the entries made so far and return to the

CANCEL

previous menu.

64 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Dynamic IP Addresses

ip.dynamicip

This menu should be used to create a pool of IP addresses theV!CAS may use when operating as a Dynamic IP address server.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

DYNAMIC]:

IP Address Number of consecutive addresses

ADD DELETE EXIT

Dynamic IP Addresses (Server) vicas

Select to add a block of addresses to the pool. You may

ADD

add single IP addresses, or a complete block of addresses. In the following menu there are two required ﬁelds.

IP Address = Enter the ﬁrst number of the address block. Number of consecutive addresses = Enter the number of address-

es in the block including the ﬁrst number. Select to remove a block of addresses marked for deletion. Select to return to the menu.

DELETE

EXIT

Conﬁguring Protocols 65

V!CAS

DHCP SERVER

ip.dhcpserver

The V!CAS supports the Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol which can be used to assign local (or remote) hosts IP addresses. This menu is used to control which IP addresses can be assigned and how long the address is valid.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

DHCP]:

Interface IPAddress Number Lease Time (Minutes) en1 199.1.1.70 15 30 en1 199.1.1.85 5 120 tr6-snap 200.1.2.50 4 120

ADD DELETE EXIT

DHCP Server vicas

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll, <Return> to edit/select

The V!CAS acts as a DHCP Server. Client machines (PCs running W indows 95/NT) that support DHCP are generally conﬁgured to retrieve their IP address from the server and adjust their conﬁgurations appr opriately. With DHCP the retrieved IP address is only valid for a speciﬁed time period, known as the “Lease T ime”. Once the lease time has run out, the server is free to reassign the IP addr ess when needed. The DHCP server also informs clients of the appropriate nameserver (biboAdmNameServ- er is used) and default gateway.

Select to add a new range of addresses; or highlight an en-

ADD

try and enter <Return> to change an existing entry. In the subsequent menu you’ll need to enter information for the following ﬁelds.

Interface = Associates a V!CAS interface with a set of IP addresses.

The V!CAS will assign an available IP address from the appropriate

66 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

set of addresses depending on which interface it received the addr essrequest on.

IP Address = Deﬁnes the ﬁrst IP address in the set. Number = Deﬁnes the number of addresses in the set (including the

ﬁrst address). Lease Time = Deﬁnes the time in minutes addresses from this set are

valid. Addresses become available for reassignment once the lease time runs out.

Internet Access for the LAN using DHCP and NAT

DHCP can be used in combination with NAT (Network Address Transla-

tion) to provide easy Internet access for a complete LAN. The main ad-

vantage is that PCs on the LAN don’t need to be conﬁgured individually.

DHCP Server

➥IP Address ➥Nameserver ➥Default Router

Windows 95

NAT

Windows 95 Windows NT

ISDN

DHCP Clients

A simpliﬁed conﬁguration using this setup would involve:

1. Conﬁguring Network Address Translation on the V!CAS (only one ofﬁcial IP Address is required).

2. Conﬁgure V!CAS as DHCP Server.

Internet Service

Provider

Conﬁguring Protocols 67

V!CAS

SNMP

ip.snmp

Use this menu to change the basic settings for the SNMP, or Simple Network Management Protocol.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[IP][

SNMP]:

SNMP Conﬁguration vicas

SNMP listen UDP port 161 SNMP trap UDP port 162 SNMP trap broadcasting off SNMP trap community snmp-Trap

SAVE CANCEL

Enter integer range 0..65535

SNMP listen UDP port = Deﬁnes the UDP port the V!CAS uses for receiving SNMP requests.

SNMP trap UDP port = Deﬁnes the UDP port the V!CAS sends SNMP traps to when SNMP trap broadcasting is turned on.

SNMP trap broadcasting = When turned on the V!CAS broadcasts SNMP traps over its LAN interface.

SNMP trap community = By default, the snmp-trap community is used.

Select to accept the these settings and return to the previ-

SAVE

ous menu.

Select to abort the entries made so far and return to the

CANCEL

previous menu.

68 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

IPX

ipx

The IPX Conﬁguration menu is used to set global parameters for the IPX protocol. These settings apply to all IPX interfaces.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

IPX]:

IPX Conﬁguration vicas

Local System Name BRICK Internal Network Number f9000e91

enable IPX spoofing yes enable SPX spoofing yes NetBIOS Broadcast replication yes

SAVE CANCEL

Enter string, max length = 35 chars

Local System Name = Deﬁnes the IPX system name used by the V!CAS. The name may not contain underscores, exclamation marks, or dots, and must be in uppercase.

Internal Network Number = The V!CAS’ internal network number. This value must be unique among all network numbers and defaults to the last 4 bytes of the MAC address of your V!CAS. Change only if this value conﬂicts with a remote IPX router’s net number.

enable IPX spooﬁng = Set to “yes” or “no” to enable/disable NCP session watchdog spooﬁng and handling of ‘broadcast message waiting’ packets.

enable SPX spooﬁng = Set to “yes” or “no” to allow/disallow spoofing of SPX session watchdog packets. Enable this if you are using SPX sessions over WAN links.

NetBIOS Broadcast replication = Deﬁnes how NetBIOS packets are used.

Conﬁguring Protocols 69

V!CAS

“yes” all NetBIOS hosts in your network can be accessed, however

WAN links may be opened frequently.

“on LAN only”only NetBIOS hosts attached to the V!CAS via LAN

interfaces can access each other. WAN links won’t be opened for NetBIOS packets.

“no” NetBIOS hosts in different LANs can not access each other.

Selecting accepts the entries and returns to the main menu. Selecting discards all changes made in this menu and r eturns

SAVE

CANCEL

to the main menu.

70 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

X.25

x25

The X.25 menu contains several submenus used to conﬁgure the X.25 protocol on the V!CAS.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

X.25]:

X.25 Conﬁguration vicas

Static Settings Link Configuration Routing Multiprotocol over X.25

EXIT

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll through menu items, <Return> to enter

STATIC SETTINGS

LINK CONFIGURATION

contains the V!CAS’ X.25 address.

lists all X.25-compatible interfaces on the

V!CAS, and is used to conﬁgure them respectively.

ROUTING

MULTIPROTOCOL OVER X.25

contains the V!CAS’ X.25 routing table.

is used to conﬁgure the Multiprotocol

Routing over X.25 (MPX25) feature. Select to return to the main menu.

EXIT

Conﬁguring Protocols 71

V!CAS

X.25

STATIC SETTINGS

x25.static

The X.25 Static Settings menu contains the local X.25 address.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

X.25][STATIC]:

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll through menu items, <Return> to enter

X.25 Static Settings vicas

Local X.25 Address

SAVE CANCEL

Local X.25 Address = The ofﬁcial X.25 address of your V!CAS. Setting this variable is only required if the V!CAS is not directly connected to an ofﬁcial X.25 data network. When connected directly, the V!CAS ascertains its X.25 address automatically.

The X.25 address must be set here for sites implementing private X.25 networks, or when X.25 in the B-channel is used.

72 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

X.25

LINK CONFIGURATION

x25.linkconﬁg

This menu displays a list of all interfaces that support the X.25 protocol. The number of available interfaces listed here is a combination of hardware (which modules are installed) and software interfaces (conﬁgured WAN partners).

• Dialup interfaces Entries for each X.25-compatible W AN part-

ner conﬁgured on the system.

• X.31 interfaces If you’re receiving X.31 services from your

ISDN provider an X.31 link is also present. X.31 links have the format: x31d-<slot number>-<unit number>-<TEI>

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

X.25][LINK]:

X.25 Link Conﬁguration vicas

Select link to configure xi3

en1-llc (create new configuration)

DELETE CONFIGURATION EXIT

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll, <Space> tag/untag DELETE, <Return> to edit

Before an X.25-compatible interface can be used, its link characteristics

must ﬁrst be set.

To edit an X.25 link highlight the entry and then enter <Return>. To remove an X.25 link, tag the entry for deletion (spacebar) and select

DELETE CONFIGURATION

Conﬁguring Protocols 73

V!CAS

X.25

LINK CONFIGURATION

EDIT

x25.linkconﬁg.edit

This menu is used to conﬁgure the basic characteristics of the X.25 link.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

X.25][LINK][EDIT]:

Link en1-llc L3 Mode dte L3 Window Size 128 bytes L3 Packet Size 2

Lowest Two-Way-Channel (LTC) 1 Highest Two-Way-Channel (HTC) 2

Partner MAC Address (LLC) Layer 2 Behaviour disconnect after timeout

Disconnect Timeout 1000

Use <Space> to select

Change X.25 Link Conﬁguration vicas

SAVE CANCEL

Link = This is the name of the link your are editing and cannot be changed here.

L3Mode = This deﬁnes the mode the V!CAS operates in at Layer 3 of the X.25 protocol stack. Set to DCE if theV!CAS must provide clocking information or DTE if provided by the remote side of link.

Lowest Two-Way-Channel (LTC) = LTC and HTC must be set to reﬂect the number of Virtual Channel(s) you have arranged for from your X.25 network provider.

Highest Two-Way-Channel (HTC) = Deﬁnes the highest number that can be assigned to a Virtual Channel.

Partner MAC Address (LLC) = Used when conﬁguring a link for a partner on the LAN and speciﬁes the host’s MAC or hardware address.

Layer 2 Behaviour = Deﬁnes whether (and if so, when) the link should be disconnected when no virtual channels are active.

Disconnect Timeout = Time in seconds to wait before closing the link once the line becomes inactive.

74 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

X.25

ROUTING

x25.routing

This menu displays the X.25 routing table. X.25 routes are used for routing trafﬁc over X.25 interfaces. Routes can be added, removed, or changed here.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

X.25][ROUTING]: X.25 Route Table vicas

Source Link Dest. Link Dest. Link Addr. Dest. X.25 Addr.

ADD DELETE EXIT

Note that the order of routes listed here have precedence. When the V!CAS routes X.25 packets, the ﬁrst matching route is always used.

To edit an X.25 route, highlight the entry and then enter <Return>. Select to create a new X.25 route. Select to remove an X.25 route entry that has been tagged

ADD

DELETE

(using the spacebar) for deletion.

Select to accept the list of X.25 routes and return to the pre-

EXIT

vious menu.

Conﬁguring Protocols 75

V!CAS

X.25

ROUTING ADD

x25.routing.add

X.25 routes conﬁgured with Setup Tool are based on two factors.

• Source link Link X.25 call_packet ﬁrst arrived on.

• Dest. X.25 Address The address the packet is addressed to. You must deﬁne the destination link where the X.25 packets will be

routed by specifying these two parameters. Standard wildcard characters can also be used in the Destination Address parameter.

{

123}45 Either 12345 or 45

[^5]

* Any # not starting with 5 624* All #s starting with 624

[68]

* Any # starting with 6 or 8

The order of routes is also important. An incoming call may match

more than one route. The ﬁrst matching route is always used.

Also note that there are different X.25 addressing standards, and

depending on where the X.25 partner is calling from, the actual X.25 address received by the V!CAS may differ.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

X.25][ROUTING][EDIT]: Add or Change X.25 Routes vicas

Source Link any Destination Link local

Destination X.25 Address 45*

SAVE CANCEL

Use <Space> to select

SAVE

immediately saves route to memory and returns to the

previous menu.

CANCEL

76 Conﬁguring Protocols

discards entries made here and r eturns to previous menu.

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

X.25

MULTIPROTOCOL OVER X.25

x25.mpr

This menu lists the Multiprotocol Routing over X.25, or MPX25, interfaces conﬁgured on the system. MPX25 allows the V!CAS to route IP, IPX, and Bridge, trafﬁc over X.25 links. Each MPX25 interface deﬁnes an X.25 link to route one or more protocols over.

Note: The underlying X.25 subsystem must first be configured

before any MPX25 interface can be configured here. See the

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

X.25][MPR]: Multiprotocol over X.25 vicas

menus:

X.25 X.25 X.25

STATIC SETTINGS

LINK CONFIGURATION

ROUTING

Interface Name Destination X.25 Address Encapsulation

ADD DELETE EXIT

Select to create a new MPX25 link. Select to remove an MPX25 link tagged for deletion. Select to accept the list of MPX25 links and return to the

ADD

DELETE

EXIT

previous menu.

Conﬁguring Protocols 77

V!CAS

X.25

MULTIPROTOCOL OVER X.25

ADD

x25.mpr.add

Use this menu to add or change MPX25 interfaces.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

X.25][MPR][ADD]: Add or change X.25 MPR vicas

Partner Name mpxpartner1 Enabled Protocols <X> IP < > IPX < > BRIDGE Encapsulation ip_rfc877 X.25 Destination Address 49911555

IP > IPX > Advanced Settings >

SAVE CANCEL

Enter string, max length = 25 chars

Partner Name = Enter a unique name to identify this MPX25 partner. Enabled Protocols = “X” selects the protocols that can be routed (re-

ceived/transmitted) with this partner. Encapsulation = Depending on which protocol(s) are enabled for this

partner, select the type of encapsulation to use. Note that the remote MPX25 partner must be conﬁgured to use the same encapsulation.

Encapsulation Protocol

ip_rfc877

mpr

Bridge

IPX

ipx

X.25 Destination Address =The X.25 address for this partner. There must be an appropriate X.25 route for this address in the X.25 routing

78 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

table. The special “{“ and “}“ characters can be used to deﬁne an optional string of digits to use when matching incoming X.25 calls. For outgoing calls to this partner, the digits between these characters are used. {00}4991155 matches both 004991155 and 4991155 for incoming calls, outgoing calls are placed using 004991155.

X.25

MULTIPROTOCOL OVER X.25

ADD

x25.mpr.ip

This is where you conﬁgure the IP settings for this r emote MPX25 partner and is only available if the IP protocol has been enabled.

Note: The settings used in this menu are the same as those used in the

WAN PARTNER

ADD

46 but only apply to this MPX25 partner.

X.25

MULTIPROTOCOL OVER X.25

This is where you conﬁgure the IPX settings for the remote MPX25 partner. This menu is only available if IPX has been enabled.

ADD

menu described on page

IPX

x25.mpr.ipx

Note: The settings used in this menu are the same as those used in the

IPX

ADD

menu described on page

ADVANCED SETTINGS

x25.mpr.advanced

X.25

WAN PARTNER

ADD

47 but only apply to this MPX25 partner.

MULTIPROTOCOL OVER X.25

This menu can be used to conﬁgure several advanced features, such as RIP support, IP Accounting, and the Short Hold mechanism.

Note: The settings used in this menu are a subset of those used in the

WAN PARTNER

described on page 49 but only apply to this MPX25 partner.

ADD

ADVANCED SETTINGS

Conﬁguring Protocols 79

V!CAS

POTS

This menu contains three submenus. Use these submenus to conﬁgure phone numbers etc. for the two POTS ports of your V!CAS.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

POTS]: POTS Conﬁguration vicas

Static Settings POTS A POTS B

EXIT

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll through menu items, <Return> to enter

STATIC SETTINGS

POTS A POTS B

and are used to conﬁgure the type of device

contains the TAPI server port.

connected to the POTS ports as well as the ports’ internal and external numbers.

Select to return to the main menu.

EXIT

80 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

POTS STATIC SETTINGS

POTS Static Settings

The POTS Static Settings menu contains the TAPI server port.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

POTS][STATIC]: POTS Static Settings vicas

Remote TAPI Server Port 6001

SAVE CANCEL

Enter integer range 0..65535

Remote TAPI Server Port = The TCP port number to use for TAPI connections. Default value: 6001.

Conﬁguring Protocols 81

V!CAS

POTS POTS A

In the POTS A and POTS B menus you can specify the internal and external phone numbers and type or device to use for POTS port A or B respectively.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

POTS][POTS A]: POTS A Conﬁguration vicas

Type any Internal Number *1

External Numbers >

SAVE CANCEL

Use <Space> to select

Type = Speciﬁes the type of device connected to this POTS port.

Type Accept calls for… any all voice services fax fax machines telephony telephones modem modems disable no calls possible at all

Internal Number = The POTS port can be reached under this number from the other POTS port for internal (i.e. toll-free) calls.

Note: The internal numbers should always start with either an

asterisk »∗« or a hash mark »#«. If internal numbers start

with a digit (0-9) you will not be able to make external calls starting with that same digit any more.

82 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

POTS POTS A EXTERNAL NUMBERS

This menu displays a list of all external numbers (MSNs) conﬁgured for the POTS port. You can add new numbers, or change or delete existing ones.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

POTS][POTS A][EXTERNAL NUMBERS

External Numbers Direction 1 both

ADD DELETE EXIT

Press <Ctrl-n>, <Ctrl-p> to scroll, <Space> tag/untag DELETE, <Return> to edit

]

vicas

Note that there are two ﬁelds, External Numbers and Dir ection. In the External Numbers ﬁeld you can enter an MSN, in the Direction ﬁeld you can specify whether this External Number should be used for incoming calls only, for outgoing calls, or for both incoming and outgoing calls.

Note: You can have an arbitrary number of incoming entries, but

you should configure only one outgoing or both entry for

each POTS port. This is to ensure you have a specific number for outgoing calls.

To edit an existing number, highlight the entry and press <Return>.

To add a new number select .

ADD

To remove one or more numbers, mark the entries for deletion using the spacebar, then select .

T o accept the entries and r eturn to the menu select . Note that the changed numbers become effective im-

EXIT

DELETE

POTS POTS A

mediately.

Conﬁguring Protocols 83

V!CAS

MODEM

At the moment this menu only contains the sub-

MODEM

PROFILE CONFIGURATION

menu, where you can conﬁgure up to eight different modem proﬁles.

The modem proﬁles can be associated with the Called Party’s Number

of incoming calls in the [CM-1BRI] [Incoming Call Answering] menu. Thus, using your available MSNs, you can create separate proﬁles to support the analog equipment your remote access users (dial-up clients) will be calling from.

In theory you could use only one proﬁle, where all values are set to

maximum—or auto, where applicable—and let the calling modem negotiate the values it needs.

This will work in most cases—only older modems will be unable to

negotiate the necessary values—but will require more time to negotiate the connection parameters at connect time. After starting the Setup Tool, go to the [MODEM] [Proﬁle Conﬁguration] menu, and select Proﬁle 1.

You must ensure that the modem settings correspond to the type of

fax/modem provided by your V!CAS. The settings are shown below should be ﬁne for 14400 modems.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

MODEM][PROFILE][EDIT]: Conﬁgure Proﬁle vicas

Name Profile 1 Description

Modulation V.32bis Error Correction LAPM

Automode on Min Bps 300 Max Receive Bps 14400 Max Transmit Bps 14400

V.42bis Compression auto MNP5 Compression auto

SAVE CANCEL

Enter string, max length = 48 chars

84 Conﬁguring Protocols

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

The ﬁelds in this menu have the following meanings:

Name = Proﬁle 1…8. Cannot be changed.

Note that Proﬁle 1 is used as the default proﬁle for modem connections,

if no other proﬁle is explicitly speciﬁed.

Description = descriptive string for this proﬁle.

Modulation = modem standard to use, select with the space bar. Val-

ues range from K56ﬂex down to Bell 103. Make sure you select a mod-

ulation that your feature board’s modem supports; V.34 or below for

33600 modems/V32bis or below for 14400 modems.

Error Correction = select the type of error correction to use.

Value Meaning

none Do not use any error correction.

required

auto

First tries LAPM and then MNP5 error correction. If both fail, the modem will hang up.

First tries LAPM and then MNP5 error correction. If both fail, the modem will not use error correction.

LAPM

MNP5

Selects LAPM error correction. If this fails, the modem will hang up.

Selects MNP5 error correction. If this fails, the modem will hang up.

Automode = enable (on) or disable (off) negotiation of speed and

modulation parameters.

Min Bps = the minimum baudrate you want to use with this proﬁle.

You can set any speed supported by the current modulation (i.e.

standard). The connection is released, if it cannot negotiate a baud rate

≥ to this speed.

Max Receive Bps = the maximum baudrate you want to use with

this proﬁle. You can set any speed supported by the current modula-

Conﬁguring Protocols 85

V!CAS

tion (i.e. standard). Note that the value set in Max Transmit Bps will be used if its < the value set here.

Max Transmit Bps = only used in conjunction with the K56ﬂex mod- ulation. Sets the maximum transmit baudrate (»downstream«, server to client) you want to use with this proﬁle. K56ﬂex modulation is not supported for your feature module.

V.42bis Compression = enable (auto) or disable (off) negotiation for using V.42bis compression.

MNP5 Compression = enable (auto) or disable (off) negotiation for using MNP5 compression.

86 Conﬁguring Protocols

System Administration

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT

conﬁg.mgmt

This menu is used to manage conﬁguration ﬁles. Files may be stored (or retrieved) locally in Flash, or on remote hosts which support TFTP. For an overview of conﬁguration management see Configuration Files, Flash, and the TFTP in Chapter 3.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

CONFIG]: Conﬁguration Management vicas

Operation put (FLASH -> TFTP) TFTP Server IP Address 200.1.1.99

TFTP File Name test1.cf

Name in Flash boot.new

Type of last operation put (FLASH -> TFTP) State of last operation done

START OPERATION EXIT

Use <Space> to select

Operation = Select the operation to perform.

Operation Meaning/Effect save Save all settings in memory to a conﬁguration ﬁle

Name in Fash

load Load conﬁguration from Flash into memory

(settings read from < move Rename Flash ﬁle < copy Copy Flash ﬁle < delete Delete Flash ﬁle <

> will be overwritten/created.

Name in Flash

> take ef fect immediately)

> to <

New Name in Flash

> to <

New Name in Flash

System Administration 87

V!CAS

Operation Meaning/Ef f ect put

get If successful1, overwrites/creates <

state If successful1, overwrites/creates <

reboot Reboot the V!CAS; settings not previously saved are lost.

1. Host must support TFTP, file must exist and be writeable.

If successful1, overwrites/creates < host at <

with contents of < host at <

host at <

TFTP Server

> with contents of <

TFTP File Name

> with contents of memory.

> retrieved from

TFTP File Name

Name in Flash

TFTP File Name

> on

> in Flash

> on

Name in Flash = Filename to read from (or write to). TFTP Server IP Address = The IP address of the TFTP host (or PC run-

ning DIME Tools) to transmit/request a conﬁguration ﬁle to/from.

TFTP File Name = Filename to write (or read from) on the TFTP host. Name in Flash = Select the name of a ﬁle in Flash to read from or en-

ter a ﬁlename to write to.

New Name in Flash = Filename in Flash to create. Type of last operation = Last operation performed since last reboot. State of last operation = Status of the last operation which may be:

State Meaning todo The operation has not been started. running The command is currently running. done The operation is done. error The operation could not be completed.

Note: If the “error” state is reported, it may help to refer to the menu

MONITORING AND DEBUGGING

To perform the selected operation, select and

enter <Return>.

Select to return to the previous menu.

EXIT

MESSAGES

for cause.

START OPERATION

88 System Administration

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

MONITORING AND DEBUGGING

mon-debug

This menu consists of several submenus which allow you to monitor the V!CAS’ operational status (and debug problems) in different ways.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

MONITOR]: Monitoring and Debugging vicas

ISDN Monitor X.25 Monitor Interfaces Messages TCP/IP OSPF

EXIT

ISDN MONITOR

X.25 MONITOR

INTERFACES

MESSAGES

lets you track incoming and outgoing ISDN calls. lets you track incoming and outgoing X.25 calls. lets you monitor trafﬁc by interface.

displays system messages generated by the V!CAS’

system logging and accounting mechanisms.

TCP/IP

OSPF

Select to return to the main menu.

EXIT

menu lets you monitor IP trafﬁc by protocol. menu lets you monitor OSPF related information.

System Administration 89

V!CAS

MONITORING AND DEBUGGING

ISDN MONITOR

Initially this menu displays all ISDN calls currently established (incoming and outgoing) on the V!CAS.

Enter one of the menu commands (c, h, d, or s) listed at the bottom of

the screen to list different statistics relating to ISDN call information.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

MONITOR][ISDN CALLS]: ISDN Monitor - Calls vicas

Dir Remote Number Charge Duration Stack Channel State

EXIT

(c)alls (h)istory (d)etails (s)tatistics

The (c)alls listing shows a list of all currently established ISDN calls:

Dir Remote Number Charge Duration Stack Channel State in

out23

2910 106

0 0

B1 B2

active disc_req

For each established call you can also monitor transfer activity. Select a call from the list and enter “s” (statistics). Enter “d” to see details for this call.

The (h)istory listing shows a list of the last 20 completed calls (incoming and outgoing connections) since the last system reboot.

Dir Remote Number Charge Starttime Duration Cause inin2

14:16:29 14:21:0267

(0x90) normal call clear (0x90) normal call clear

90 System Administration

User’s Guide: Version 1.2

Detailed information for both completed and active calls can be seen under the (d)etails listing. To see more information for a completed call, select an entry from the (h)istory list, then enter “d”.

The (d)etails listing shows speciﬁc information for both completed and active ISDN calls.

Remote Number: 2

Cause

Local Cause Local Number

Dispatch Item Stack

Channel Charging Info

SIN

Direction: out

(0x90) normal call clearing (0x0)

2 routing

0 B1

data_transfer

State:

The (s)tatistics listing shows transfer activity for established ISDN calls.

Remote Number: 442

Duration 971

Send: Packets

Bytes Errors

1555 10032 0

Direction: out

Receive: Packets

Bytes Errors

1552 20999 0

State: active

Packets/s Bytes/s

Load(%)

0 0

Packets/s Bytes/s

Load(%)

0 0

System Administration 91

V!CAS

MONITORING AND DEBUGGING

X.25 MONITOR

mon-debug.x25

The X.25 Monitor menu initially display all active X.25 connections. These calls include leased and dialup connections made through X.25 public networks or over ISDN.

As when using the ISDN Monitor described on page 90, the menu

commands (c, h, d, and s) listed at the bottom of the screen list different statistics relating to X.25 calls.

V!CAS Setup Tool BinTec Communications GmbH

[

MONITOR][X.25 CALLS]: X.25 Monitor vicas

From To Calling Addr Called Addr Duration xi3 local 1 0 0 591

EXIT

(c)alls (h)istory (d)etails (s)tatistics

The (c)alls listing shows currently established X.25 connections.

From To Calling Addr Called Addr Duration xi1

mpr-1

local london2

1 3

0 2

591 139

The (h)istory listing shows a list of completed X.25 connections (both

incoming and outgoing) since the last system reboot.

From To Starttime xi1

local

central london2

19;33:52 19:34:01

Duration Cause

0 2

(0x01) number busy (0x03) network congestion

92 System Administration

Funkwerk VICAS User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual