FreeWave FGR2-T-U, FGR2-C-U, FGR2-CE-U, FGR2-WC User Manual And Reference Manual
FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers
FGR2-C-U
FGR2-CE-U
FGR2-T-U
FGR2-WC
Covering Firmware v10.6.7
User Manual and Reference Guide
Part Number: LUM0049AA
Revision: Dec-2014
Safety Information
Warning! Do not remove or insert diagnostics cable while circuit is live.
Warranty
FreeWave Technologies, Inc. warrants your FreeWave® Wireless Data Transceiver against defects in materials and
manufacturing for a period of three years from the date of shipment, depending on model number. In the event of a
Product failure due to materials or workmanship, FreeWave will, at its discretion, repair or replace the Product. For
evaluation of Warranty coverage, return the Product to FreeWave upon receiving a Return Material Authorization
(RMA).
In no event will FreeWave Technologies, Inc., its suppliers, or its licensors be liable for any damages arising from
the use of or inability to use this Product. This includes business interruption, loss of business information, or other
loss which may arise from the use of this Product. OEM customer’s warranty periods can vary.
Warranty Policy will not apply in the following circumstances:
1. If Product repair, adjustments, or parts replacements are required due to accident, neglect, or undue
physical, electrical, or electromagnetic stress.
2. If Product is used outside of FreeWave specifications as stated in the Product's data sheet.
3. If Product has been modified, repaired, or altered by Customer unless FreeWave specifically authorized
such alterations in each instance in writing. This includes the addition of conformal coating.
Special Rate Replacement Option
A special rate replacement option is offered to non-warranty returns or upgrades. The option to purchase the
replacement unit at this special rate is only valid for that RMA. The special replacement rate option expires if not
exercised within 30 days of final disposition of RMA.
Restricted Rights
Any product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
companies and are hereby acknowledged.
This manual is for use by purchasers and other authorized users of FreeWave products.
No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, or
for any purpose without the express written permission of FreeWave Technologies, Inc. FreeWave reserves the
right to make changes to this manual without notice. FreeWave assumes no responsibility or liability for the use of
this manual or the infringement of any copyright or other proprietary right.
FreeWave products are designed and manufactured in the United States of America.
FreeWave Technologies, Inc.
5395 Pearl Pkwy, Ste. 100
Boulder, CO 80301
303.381.9200
Toll Free: 1.866.923.6168
Printed in the United States of America. Fax: 303.786.9948
Copyright © 2014 by FreeWave Technologies, Inc.
All rights reserved.
www.freewave.com
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
FreeWave Technologies, Inc. products may be subject to control by the Export Administration Regulations
(EAR) and/or the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). Export, re-export, or transfer of these
products without required authorization from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and
Security, or the U.S. Department of State, Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, as applicable, is prohibited.
Any party exporting, re-exporting, or transferring FreeWave products is responsible for obtaining all
necessary U.S. government authorizations required to ensure compliance with these and other applicable
U.S. laws. Consult with your legal counsel for further guidance.
UL Notifications
Important: The FGR2-WC model described in this manual is not UL certified.
Models FGR2-C-U, FGR2-CE-U, and FGR2-T-U are suitable for use in Class 1, Division 2, Groups A, B, C, and D or
non-hazardous locations only. Do not connect or disconnect any connectors while the circuit is live unless the area
is known to be non-hazardous.
Warning! EXPLOSION HAZARD - SUBSTITUTION OF COMPONENTS MAY IMPAIR
SUITABILITY FOR CLASS 1, DIVISION 2.
Warning! Warning! DO NOT REMOVE OR INSERT THE DIAGNOSTICS CABLE WHILE
THE CIRCUIT IS LIVE.
Input voltage for the above models is +6.0 to +30.0 VDC.
Important: Input power shall be derived from a single Class 2 power source.
FCC Notifications
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and 2) this device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation.
The content of this guide covers FreeWave Technologies, Inc. models sold under FCC ID: KNYAMI0032AT.
All models sold under the FCC ID(s) listed above must be installed professionally and are only approved for use
when installed in devices produced by FreeWave Technologies or third party OEMs with the express written
approval of FreeWave Technologies, Inc. Changes or modifications should not be made to the device.
Warning! The transceivers covered in this guide have a maximum transmitted output power
of 1000 mW. The antennas used must provide a separation distance of at least 23 cm from
all persons and must not be co-located or operate in conjunction with any other antenna or
transmitter.
The models described in this guide must be installed in a NEMA enclosure. When any FreeWave Technologies,
Inc. module is placed inside an enclosure, a label must be placed on the outside of the enclosure. The label must
include the text "Contains Transmitter Module with FCC ID KNYAMM0300AT."
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IC Notifications
This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference,
including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
Ce dispositif est conforme aux normes permis-exemptes du Canada RSS d'industrie. L'opération est sujette aux
deux conditions suivantes : (1) ce dispositif peut ne pas causer l'interférence, et (2) ce dispositif doit accepter
n'importe quelle interférence, y compris l'interférence qui peut causer le fonctionnement peu désiré du dispositif.
Schedule of Limitations
l Provision shall be made to prevent the rated voltage being exceeded by the transient disturbances
of more than 140% of the peak rated voltage.
l The system shall be mounted in an ATEX certified enclosure with a minimum ingress protection
rating of at least IP54 as defined in EN60529 and used in an environment of not more than pollution
degree 2.
l The enclosure must have a door or cover accessible only by the use of a tool.
l Ambient Temperature -40°C to +75°C.
l Supply conductors should be a minimum 85°C.
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
Table Of Contents
Preface 9
Chapter 1: Introduction 11
Choosing a Location for the Transceiver 11
Choosing Point-to-Point or Point-to-MultiPoint Operation 12
Data Communication Link Examples 13
Finding the Product Serial Number 15
Powering the Transceiver 16
Configuration Tool Options 17
Tool Suite and Terminal Emulators 17
Transceiver Setup Mode 18
Using Tool Suite to Connect to and Program Transceivers 19
Accessing the Setup Menu Using a Terminal Emulator 20
Connecting and Disconnecting from HyperTerminal 22
Troubleshooting HyperTerminal 22
Upgrading Transceivers to the Latest Firmware 24
Chapter 2: Basic Transceiver Programming and Setup 25
Setting the Transceiver's Role in the Network and the Network Type 25
Establishing Communication with Instrumentation and Computers 28
Baud Rate 28
Data Parity 28
Flow Control 29
Modbus RTU 29
Serial Interface 30
Setup Port 31
Turn Off Delay 31
Turn On Delay 32
Use Break to Access Setup 32
Establishing Communication with Other Transceivers in the Network 32
"Golden Settings" 33
Setting RF Transmission Characteristics 33
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Frequency Key (Golden Setting) 34
Frequency Zones 35
High Noise 37
Hop Table Size 38
Hop Table Version 38
Max Packet Size and Min Packet Size (Golden Setting) 39
MCU Speed 41
Remote LED 41
Retry Time Out 42
RF Data Rate (GoldenSetting) 43
RTS to CTS 43
Slave Security 44
Transmit Power 45
Transmit Rate 46
Chapter 3: Configuring Point-to-MultiPoint Networks 47
Point-to-MultiPoint Network Characteristics 48
Golden Settings 48
Master-to-Slave Communications 48
Slave-to-Master Communications 48
Point-to-MultiPoint Network Quick Start 48
Point-to-MultiPoint Network Quick Start (Tool Suite) 48
Point-to-MultiPoint Network Quick Start (Terminal Interface) 50
Point-to-MultiPoint Operation LEDs 51
Overlapping MultiPoint Networks 52
Establishing Communication with Other Transceivers in a MultiPoint Network 52
Using the Network ID in MultiPoint Networks 52
Using the Call Book in MultiPoint Networks 53
Programming Point-to-MultiPoint Extended Call Book 54
Routing Communications Through the Network 54
Assigning Subnet ID Values 54
Setting Other MultiPoint Parameters 57
1 PPS Enable Delay 57
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
Diagnostics 58
DTR Connect 59
Local Mode 59
Master Packet Repeat 59
Master Packet Repeat in MultiPoint Networks with Repeaters 60
Max Slave Retry 61
Radio ID 61
Radio Name 61
Repeater Frequency 61
Repeaters 62
Retry Odds 62
Slave/Repeater 63
Conserving Power 63
Low Power Mode 63
Reading Diagnostics in Tool Suite 65
Chapter 4: Configuring Point-to-Point Networks 67
Point-to-Point Network Quick Start 67
Point-to-Point Operation LEDs 70
Using the Call Book in Point-to-Point Networks 71
Programming Point-To-Point Extended Call Book to Use Three or Four Repeaters 73
Chapter 5: Advanced Programming 75
Working with Parallel Repeaters 75
Setting Transceiver Passwords 77
Enabling and Setting Up AES Encryption 78
Encryption (Strength) 79
Encryption Key 79
Encryption Channel Key 81
Troubleshooting AES Setup 81
Low Baud Rates 82
Multi-Master Synch 82
Time Divisible Multiple Access (TDMA) 82
Chapter 6: Viewing Transceiver Statistics 83
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Antenna Reflected Power 83
Master-Slave Distance 84
Noise Level 84
Number of Disconnects 84
Radio Temperature 84
Rate % (Receive Percentage Rate) 84
Signal Level 85
Transmit Current 85
Chapter 7: Troubleshooting 87
Troubleshooting Flowchart 88
Troubleshooting 89
Chapter 8: Additional Transceiver Information 93
Approved Antennas 93
900MHz Directional Antennas 93
900MHz Omni-directional Antennas 94
Operational RS422 and RS485 Information 94
RS422 and RS485 Full Duplex Pinouts 94
RS485 Half Duplex Pin-Outs 95
RS232 Pin Assignments (DB-9) 95
RF Board Level Pinout 96
20-Pin Diagnostics Connector Pinout 97
Waterproof Enclosure Pinout 98
FGR2 Transceiver Specifications 99
900 MHz Factory Default Settings 101
FGR2 Board Level Mechanical Drawing 103
Appendix A: Firmware Updates 105
Index 109
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
Preface
This document includes the following regarding the FreeWave FGR2:
l A basic introduction to the transceiver and how to determine the mode you want to run it in.
l Examples of how FreeWave transceivers can exist in a network with other transceivers.
l How to access the setup parameters available on the transceiver.
l Basic transceiver programming and setup information that applies to all network types.
l Considerations and quick starts for your network design, including charts of LED displays.
l Details about defining a MultiPoint network including the use of subnet IDs to route information
through the network.
l Steps to view statistics about a transceiver's performance.
l Pinouts and mechanical drawings.
For information about the firmware releases that apply to the transceiver, see Appendix A.
The contents of this document assumes that you have a basic understanding of Tool Suite and its
components. For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual available on the
User Manual and System Tools CD or by selecting File > Help in the Tool Suite software.
Important: The term "radio" and "transceiver" are used throughout this manual to refer
to the FGR2.
Printing this Document
This document is set to print double-sided with a front cover and a back cover. If you are viewing this
document online with a PDF viewer, you may see pages that are intentionally left blank to accommodate the
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Preface
double-sided printing.
Contacting FreeWave Technical Support
For up-to-date troubleshooting information, check the Support page at www.FreeWave.com.
FreeWave provides technical support Monday through Friday, 7:30 AM to 5:30 PM Mountain Time (GMT -7).
Call toll-free at 1.866.923.6168, within Colorado call 303.381.9200, or contact us through email at
moreinfo@freewave.com.
Documentation Feedback
Send comments or questions about this document's content to techpubs@freewave.com. Include the title of
the document or the document's part number and revision letter (found in the footer) in youremail.
Additional Information
This guide covers settings and configurations that apply to FreeWave spread spectrum transceivers. Some
transceiver models have specific settings and configurations that apply to only that model. For information
about a specific model or additional information about using the transceivers in your network, see the
addendums and application notes listed below.
Cathodic Protection User Manual Addendum
l
FGR Radio Modem in Mirrored Bit Mode User Manual Addendum
l
Application note #5412: Synchronizing Collocated Masters (Multi-Master Sync Mode)
l
l Application note #5476: Mode 6
l Application note #5424: Using the FGR-115MB Radio with Schweitzer Engineering Labs Mirrored
Bits Communications
l Application note: #5437: DTR to CTS Line Alarm Feature
l Application note #5457: Local Mode
For information about installing transceivers, see the 900 MHz Wireless Transceiver Installation Guide.
All FreeWave documentation is available on the User Manual and System Tools CD and at
www.FreeWave.com.
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
Chapter 1: Introduction
FreeWave transceivers operate in virtually any environment where serial data communications occur. A pair
of transceivers functions as a 9-pin null modem cable. If the FreeWave transceivers are to be used in an
application where a null modem cable is used, such as communications between two computers, then the
FreeWave transceivers can be connected directly. If FreeWave transceivers are to be used to replace a
straight-through RS232 cable, then a null modem cable must be placed between the transceiver and the Data
Communication Equipment (DCE) instrument to which it is connected.
Choosing a Location for the Transceiver
Placement of the FreeWave transceiver is likely to have a significant impact on its performance. The key to
the overall robustness of the RF link is the height of the antenna. When using an external antenna, placement
of that antenna is critical to a solid data link. Other antennas in close proximity are a potential source of
interference; use the Radio Statistics to help identify potential problems. In general, FreeWave units with a
higher antenna placement will have a better communications link. In practice, the transceiver should be
placed away from computers, telephones, answering machines, and other similar devices. FreeWave
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Chapter 1: Introduction
Technologies, Inc. offers directional and Omni directional antennas with cable lengths ranging from 3 to
200feet.
The Show Radio Statistics page is found in option 4 in the main terminal menu or in the Diagnostic information
in Tool Suite. An adjustment as little as 2 feet in antenna placement may resolve some noise issues. In
extreme cases, such as when interference is due to a Pager or Cellular Telephone tower, the band pass filters
that FreeWave offers, may reduce this out-of-band noise.
Choosing Point-to-Point or Point-to-MultiPoint Operation
A Point-to-Point network is best suited when your network consists of one Master and one Slave transceiver.
You can add up to four Repeaters to extend the reach of the network.
Important: Adding a Repeater to a network cuts the network throughput by 50%.
In a Point-to-MultiPoint network (also referred to as MultiPoint network) the Master transceiver is able to
simultaneously communicate with numerous Slave transceivers. In its simplest form, a MultiPoint network
functions with the Master broadcasting its messages to all Slave transceivers. If requested by the Master, the
Slave transceivers respond to the Master when given data by the device connected to the data port. This
response depends on your setup. You can extend the reach of the network with as many Repeaters as is
required. Adding Repeaters to a network cuts the throughput by half.
It is important to note the differences between Point-to-Point and MultiPoint networks. In a Point-to-Point
network all packets are acknowledged, whether sent from the Master to the Slave or from the Slave to the
Master. In a MultiPoint network, you determine the number of times outbound packets from the Master or
Repeater to the Slave or other Repeaters are sent. The receiving transceiver, Slave or Repeater, accepts the
first packet received that passes the 32 bit CRC. However, the packet is not acknowledged. On the return trip
to the Master, all packets sent are acknowledged or retransmitted until they are acknowledged. Therefore, the
return link in a MultiPoint network is generally very robust.
Traditionally, a MultiPoint network is used in applications where data is collected from many instruments and
reported back to one central site. The architecture of such a network is different from Point-to-Point
applications. The following parameters influence the number of transceivers that can exist in a MultiPoint
network:
1. Data block size. The longer the data blocks, the fewer number of deployed Slave transceivers can
exist in the network.
2. Baud rate. The data rate between the transceiver and the device to which it is connected could
limit the amount of data and the number of transceivers that can exist in a network
3. The amount of contention between Slave transceivers. Polled Slave transceivers versus timed
Slave transceivers.
4. Repeater Use. Using the Repeater setting in a Point-to-Point or MultiPoint network decreases
overall network capacity by 50%.
For example, if the network polls once a day to retrieve sparse data, several hundred Slave transceivers could
be configured to a single Master. However, if each Slave transmits larger amounts of data or data more
frequently, fewer Slave transceivers can link to the Master while receiving the same network performance.
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
When larger amounts of data are sent more frequently, the overall network bandwidth is closer to capacity
with fewerSlave transceivers.
Data Communication Link Examples
FreeWave transceivers' versatility allows data links to be established using a variety of different
configurations.
The example below shows the most common and straight forward link; a Master communicating to a Slave in
a Point-to-Point link.
The example below shows how a link using a Repeater. The Repeater may be located on a hilltop or other
elevated structure enhancing the link from the Master to the Slave.In this configuration, it may be desirable to
use an external Omni directional antenna at the Repeater.A Yagi antenna may be used at both the Master and
Slave transceivers.
Adding a Repeater to a network cuts the network throughput by 50%.
The example below shows a link with two Repeaters between the Master and Slave. With two Repeaters
there is more flexibility in getting around obstacles and greater total range is possible. Again, it may be
desirable to use external Omni-directional antennas with the Repeaters, and attaching a Yagi antenna to the
Master and Slave transceiver to increase the range of the link.
When two Repeaters are used no further degradation in the RF throughput of the link is experienced.
The example below shows a configuration where a Master transceiver routinely calls a number of Slave
transceivers at different times. The Master transceiver is communicating with a transceiver designated as a
Slave/Repeater that is connected to a remote device. Since this device is placed in an elevated location, the
transceiver may also be used as a Repeater when it is not used as a Slave. At any time the Master may call
any of the Slave transceivers, establish a connection, and send and receive data.
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Chapter 1: Introduction
The next example illustrates a standard Point-to-Multipoint network. From the Master, any data is broadcast
to all three Slave transceivers, one of which receives it through a Multipoint Repeater. The data is in turn sent
out of the serial port of each of the three Slave transceivers. The end device should be configured to interpret
the serial message and act on it if necessary.
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
The last example is a Point-to-Multipoint network that uses one of the sites as a Slave/Repeater. This
network functions in the same manner as a standard Multipoint network with Repeaters. However, the
number of transceivers may be reduced with the use of the Multipoint Slave/Repeater feature.
Finding the Product Serial Number
Each FreeWave transceiver is assigned a unique serial number. If you need to contact FreeWave Technical
Support, you will be asked for the serial number on the transceiver you are calling about.
The serial number is three digits, followed by a hyphen and four digits, for example 111-1111, and is printed on
the FreeWave label on the transceiver. The example below is for a GXM model; however, the serial number
information will be in the same location on different models.
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Chapter 1: Introduction
On transceivers that are not in an enclosure, you can also find the serial number printed on a label on the back
(the flat, smooth side) of the transceiver. This label is in larger print.
Powering the Transceiver
To provide power to the transceiver, connect it to a positive power supply with +6.0 to +30.0 VDC, typically
+12.0VDC.
Important: FGR2 transceivers are UL approved for use between +6.0 to +30.0 VDC.
However, for guaranteed performance, FreeWave recommends using between +7.5 to
+30.0 VDC to power the transceiver.
Using a dedicated power supply line is preferred. The power supply you use must provide more current than
the amount of current drain listed in the specifications for the product and voltage you are using. For example,
if you are using +12.0 VDC, the power supply must provide above the drain that is required for transmit as
listed in the specifications.
Warning! If the power supply is above approximately +18.0 to +20.0VDC, use a
1ohm resistor inline with B+ input to the transceiver. For more information about
pinouts, see "RF Board Level Pinout" on page96
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
If the power supply line runs outside the enclosure, use electrostatic discharge (ESD) protectors to protect the
transceiver from electric shock, and transient voltage suppressors (TVS) to protect from an over-voltage
situation. Using both helps enhances reliable operation and can be purchased at most electronic supply
stores.
Configuration Tool Options
Note: The terms modem and transceiver are used interchangeably in this document
and in the text within the setup tools. While the words have different meanings,
the two terms should be treated as one and the same when referring to
FreeWave products.
When the transceiver is in Setup mode, you can use the following setup tools to configure the settings on the
transceiver:
l Tool Suite - Tool Suite is the newest configuration software and replaces EZConfig, and is the
recommended method for programming your transceivers.
It provides a group of tools for configuring the devices in your network and for monitoring your
network's performance. Using the Configuration application within Tool Suite, you can program
changes to your transceiver's settings.Tool Suite is available on the User Manual and
SystemTools CD and is also available for download from www.FreeWave.com.
For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual available on the User
Manual and System Tools CD or by selecting File > Help in the Tool Suite software.
l Terminal Emulator - A terminal emulator program, such as HyperTerminal or Tera Term, offers
many of the same configuration options that are available in the Configuration application in Tool
Suite. Terminal emulators vary in cost, and several are downloadable free of charge. If you run
versions of the Windows operating system prior to Windows 7, HyperTerminal is included in the
operating system installation. However, if you are running Windows 7 or newer, HyperTerminal is
no longer available.
You can use the terminal emulator program of your choice to program the transceiver. The Setup
Terminal application within Tool Suite provides the same interface that is available using a terminal
emulator.
You can also still use EZConfig to program your older transceiver models; however, Tool Suite is the
recommended programming option. Newer transceiver models and newer firmware versions are not available
in EZConfig.
Tool Suite and Terminal Emulators
If you are using a terminal emulator, the tabs for a device in Tool Suite mirror the Setup main menu selections.
For example, option 0 from the Setup main menu in the terminal menu setup is Set Operation Mode. The
corresponding configuration tab for the device in Tool Suite is (0) Operation Mode.
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Chapter 1: Introduction
You can also use the Setup Terminal application within Tool Suite to use and view the
terminal menus. It displays the same menus and provides the same programming
settings as you see using a terminal emulator.
Throughout this document, if the setup procedure in the terminal emulator is different than the procedure in
Tool Suite, the terminal instructions are also included.
Transceiver Setup Mode
To read the current settings from or to program a transceiver, the transceiver must be in Setup mode. When a
transceiver is in Setup mode, all three LEDs display solid green . See the sections below for details
about how to access the transceiver's Setup mode using Tool Suite or the terminal interface.
Note: OEM boards may also enter Setup when Pin 2 on a 10-pin connector or Pin 8 on
a 24-pin connector is grounded, or using a break command. For more
information about the break command, see "Use Break to Access Setup" on
page32.
The Setup Port parameter in the Baud Rate tab determines whether the main data port or the diagnostics port
is used to access the setup parameters for the transceiver. For more information, see "Setup Port" on
page31.
Using the Setup Mode Timeout parameter in the Operation Mode tab, you can set the transceiver to exit
Setup Mode automatically. When the setting is enabled, if the transceiver has not received any menu
selections or programming information within 5 seconds, it exits Setup and resumes its previous mode.
For Setup mode troubleshooting information, see "Troubleshooting " on page87.
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
Using Tool Suite to Connect to and Program Transceivers
To read and program a transceiver using ToolSuite, you need to connect the transceiver to a computer that
runs the Tool Suite software. You can also use Tool Suite to set up a template version of a transceiver.
Templates include settings that apply to more than one transceiver in your network. For more information
about using templates, see the Tool Suite User Manual available from the File >Help menu within the
application.
1. Connect a serial or diagnostic cable between the computer or laptop and the transceiver.
Using a diagnostic cable and the diagnostic port is recommended.
2. Connect the power supply to the transceiver and the power source and turn on the transceiver.
3. With the transceiver connected to the computer inToolSuite, click Configuration in the
Application pane to display the Configuration application.
4. Ensure the correct port is selected in the Com Port field in the Configuration ribbon.
5. Place the transceiver in Setup mode by pressing the Setup button on the back of the FreeWave
transceiver.
If you are connected to the diagnostics port, the transceiver changes to Setup mode automatically
when you click Read Radio in Tool Suite.
To place a board-level transceiver into Setup mode:
l Short Pins 2 and 4 (Brown to Black) on the 10-pin header next to the LEDs.
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Chapter 1: Introduction
l If using a data cable (FreeWave part number: ASC3610DB or ASC3610DJ), press the Setup
button on the data cable.
If you are using the SetupTerminal application or a terminal emulator and using the gray ribbon
diagnostic cable (part number: AC2009DC), or the black diagnostic cable (part number:
ASC0409DC), the transceiver changes to Setup mode automatically when you click Read
Radio in Tool Suite.
All three LEDs on the transceiver light green and stay green as long as the transceiver is
in Setup mode.
6. Click Read Radio in the Configuration ribbon to read the transceiver's current settings.
7. Make the necessary parameter changes and do one of the following to send the changes to the
transceiver:
l To send only the parameters you have changed, within the Configuration application in the
Network Title ribbon, click Quick.This option is only available if you clicked Read Radio and
are not sending parameter settings from a template to the transceiver.
l To send all the settings for all parameters, within the Configuration application in the Network
Title ribbon, click All.
l To set a device back to its factory default settings, within the Configuration application in the
Network Title ribbon, click Default.
For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual available on the User Manual
and System Tools CD or by selecting File > Help in the Tool Suite software.
Accessing the Setup Menu Using a Terminal Emulator
Use a terminal emulator of your choice to access the Setup menu. For any terminal emulator application, plug
the serial cable into a COM port on the transceiver, open a session, and ensure that the port settings are set to
the following for a proper connection to the transceiver:
Port Setting Select
Bits per second 19200
Data Bits 8
Parity None
StopBits 1
Flow Control None
The following instructions describe how to access the transceiver's Setup menu using the Setup Terminal
application within Tool Suite. Setup Terminal contains the port settings above, by default. For more
information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual available on the User Manual and System
Tools CD or by selecting File > Help in the Tool Suite software.
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
1. Plug a serial cable into the COM 1 port on the transceiver, connect the cable to a COM port on the
computer running Tool Suite, and connect the transceiver to a power source.
2. OpenToolSuite and select Setup Terminal in the Applications pane.
3. From the drop-down list at the top left of the window, select the COM port on the computer to
which the transceiver is connected.
4. Click Connect.
5. To connect Setup Terminal to the transceiver, press the Setup button on the back of the FreeWave
transceiver. If connected to the diagnostics port, type U (Capital ‘U’) to invoke the Setup menu.
To display the Setup menu in board-level transceivers:
l Short pins 2 & 4 (Brown to Black) on the 10 pin header next to the LEDs.
l If you are using a data cable (P/N ASC3610DB or ASC3610DJ), press the Setup button. If
using the gray ribbon diagnostic cable (P/N AC2009DC), or the black diagnostic cable (P/N
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Chapter 1: Introduction
ASC0409DC), press Shift-U (capital U) to invoke the Setup menu.
When Setup is invoked, the FreeWave Setup Main Menu displays in the HyperTerminal dialog
box. All three LEDs on the transceiver light green and stay green as long as the
transceiver is in Setup mode.
As you navigate through the Setup menu and make changes to the parameters, the parameters are
sent to the transceiver immediately.
Connecting and Disconnecting from HyperTerminal
The HyperTerminal dialog box displays several icons in the toolbar. To reconnect to HyperTerminal, you need
to disconnect your current session. Click the Disconnect icon, and then click the Call icon to
reconnect. If the settings have not been saved they must be re-selected when HyperTerminal reconnects to
the transceiver.
Troubleshooting HyperTerminal
The following are some common issues encountered while using HyperTerminal as the terminal emulator. The
steps to resolve the issue are specific to the HyperTerminal interface, however, you can use similar steps
when troubleshooting other terminal emulators.
Important: When a change is made to the HyperTerminal settings in an open terminal
session, the connection must be disconnected then reconnected before the settings
take effect.
Nothing displays on the screen after placing the transceiver into Setup mode.
This error usually indicates one of two things; either the wrong COM port is selected or a null modem cable is
being used. Follow the steps below to change the COM port.
1. Click the Disconnect icon.
2. From the File menu, select Properties.
3. Click the Connect To tab and verify that the correct COM port is selected.
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
4. Click OK to close the Properties dialog box.
5. Click the Call icon.
6. Return the transceiver to Setup mode. The Setup menu screen displays.
In addition, if the transceiver has been previously configured, you could be using the wrong port to access the
Setup menu. For more information, see "Setup Port" on page31.Try connecting to the other port.
Unrecognizable characters displays on the screen after placing the transceiver into Setup mode.
Unrecognizable characters usually indicates a Baud Rate problem. Follow the steps below to change the
Baud Rate. The problem may also be that the transceiver under test is a TTL version or has been set to
RS485 and not RS232. If the transceiver is TTL or in RS485 mode, ensure that you are connected through the
Diagnostic port. Gibberish before the Setup button is pressed indicates Diagnostics is enabled in a Master.
1. Click the Disconnect icon.
2. From the File menu, select Properties.
3. Click Configure, change the following and click OK:
l Baud Rate to 19200
l Data Bits to 8
l Parity to None
l Stop Bits to 1
l Flow Control to 1
4. Click OK to close the Properties dialog box.
5. Click the Call icon.
6. Return the transceiver to Setup mode. The Setup menu screen displays.
The Setup menu displays on the screen, but nothing happens when keys on the keyboard are
pressed.
This error usually indicates flow control is turned on in a three-wire connection (Rx, Tx, and Gnd). Follow the
steps below if the connection uses a three-wire connection.
1. Click the Disconnect icon.
2. From the File menu, select Properties.
3. Click Configure, change the Flow Control to None, and click OK.
4. Click OK to close the Properties dialog box.
5. Click the Call icon.
6. Return the transceiver to Setup mode. The Setup menu screen displays.
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Chapter 1: Introduction
A connection exists, the terminal emulator is receiving data, and some data is correct, but the
remaining data is in unrecognizable characters.
This error usually indicates a parity mismatch. To resolve this issue, ensure that the parity of the transceiver
and the parity of HyperTerminal are set the same. HyperTerminal’s parity settings are under the Properties
menu. The FreeWave transceiver parity is found under the Baud Rate menu in the Setup menu.
1. Within HyperTerminal, click the Disconnect icon.
2. From the File menu, select Properties.
3. Click Configure, change the Parity to None, and click OK.
4. Click OK button to close the Properties dialog box.
5. Click the Call icon.
6. Return the transceiver to Setup mode. The Setup menu screen displays.
Upgrading Transceivers to the Latest Firmware
If Tool Suite is connected to a transceiver, and a new version of the firmware is available for that transceiver
model, an indication displays within the Configuration application's Device Information tab. You can use Tool
Suite to upgrade firmware on a serial transceiver that is connected directly to the computer using the
diagnostic cable. You cannot complete an over-the-air upgrade using Tool Suite.
Note: If you are using a USB-to-serial converter cable, a firmware upgrade can take a
long time to complete. FreeWave recommends using USB-to-serial cables that
include the FTDI Chip Set to shorten the upgrade time. This inclusion is listed
on the cable's packaging.
For more information about using Tool Suite, see the Tool Suite User Manual available on the User Manual
and System Tools CD or by selecting File > Help in the Tool Suite software.
Use the steps below to upgrade a transceiver to the latest firmware:
1. With the transceiver connected to your computer through the COM port, open Tool Suite and click
Configuration in the Applications pane to display the Configuration application.
2. Click Upgrade Radio in the Firmware section of the Configuration ribbon.
3. Click Yes at the prompt to proceed or No to cancel without installing the new firmware.
Tool Suite identifies and displays the firmware version that is loaded on the connected device and
displays the latest version of firmware available for that model.
4. Click Yes to proceed with the upgrade, or No to exit.
The system displays the progress of the firmware upgrade. After the firmware upgrade is
complete, a message displays that the firmware upgrade was successful.
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FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
Chapter 2: Basic Transceiver
Programming and Setup
As you set up your network, whether it be a Point-to-MultiPoint network or a Point-to-Point network, the
process for setting up and programming a transceiver is the same. This chapter describes the following
aspects of programming and setting up a transceiver:
l Setting the transceiver's role in the network and the network type. .
l Entering parameters that establish communication with the instrument or computer to which the
transceiver is connected.
l Establishing communication with other transceivers in the network.
l Setting RF transmission characteristics.
Setting the Transceiver's Role in the Network and the Network Type
Networks consist of a Master transceiver and any number of other components including Repeaters, Slave
transceivers, and transceiver's that act as both a Slave and a Repeater. The first parameter to set in a
transceiver is its Operation Mode or Modem Mode. The mode tells the transceiver what network type it is in
(Point-to-Point or Point-to-MultiPoint) and what role it plays, Master, Slave, or Repeater, in that network.
Note: The network type must match for all transceivers in a network. For example, if
you are configuring a Point-to-MultiPoint network, ensure the Modem Mode
selection for transceivers in the network starts with Point-to-MultiPoint.
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Chapter 2: Basic Transceiver Programming and Setup
In a Point-to-Point configuration, Master or Slave mode may be used on either end of the link without
performance degradation. When setting up the transceiver, remember that the settings on the Master control a
number of parameters. Therefore, deploying the Master on the communications end where it is easier to
access is advised, but not necessary.
Set the Modem Mode in the Operation Mode tab, using the Modem Mode field. These settings are available in
the Operation Mode menu in the terminal interface. Select from the following options:
Operation Mode Description
This mode designates the transceiver as the Master in Point-to-Point
mode. The Master may call any or all Slaves designated in its Call
Book.
In Point-to-Point mode the Master determines the setting used for most
of the transmission characteristics, regardless of the settings in the
Slave and/or Repeaters. The settings not determined by the Master are:
Transmit Power
Point-to-Point Master (0)
l
Slave Security
l
Retry Time Out
l
Hop Table settings
l
Point-to-Point Slave (1)
Point–to-MultiPoint
Master (2)
Point-to-MultiPoint
Slave (3)
A quick method of identifying a Master is to power the transceiver. Prior
to establishing a link with a Slave, all three of the LEDs on the Master
are solid red.
This mode designates the transceiver as a Slave in Point-to-Point
mode. The Slave communicates with any Master in its Call Book—
either directly or through up to four Repeaters.
When functioning as a Slave, the Entry to Call feature in the
transceiver’s Call Book is not operational. Set the Slave Security
parameter to 1 to bypass the Call Book in the Slave. For more
information, see "Slave Security" on page44.
This mode designates the transceiver as a Master in MultiPoint mode.
This mode allows one Master transceiver to communicate
simultaneously with numerous Slaves and Repeaters.
A Point-to-MultiPoint Master communicates only with other transceivers
designated as Point-to-MultiPoint Slaves or Point-to-MultiPoint
Repeaters.
This mode designates the transceiver as a Slave in MultiPoint mode.
This mode allows the Slave to communicate with a MultiPoint Master.
The Slave may communicate with its Master through one or more
Repeaters.
Point-to-Point
Slave/Repeater (4)
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This mode designates the transceiver to act as either a Slave or
FreeWave Technologies, Inc.
FGR2 Wireless Data Transceivers: User Manual and Reference Guide
Operation Mode Description
Repeater—depending on the instructions from the Master. The
transceiver cannot act as both a Slave and a Repeater at the same time.
True Slave/Repeater functionality is only available in a MultiPoint mode.
Adding a Repeater to a network cuts the network throughput by 50%.
Note: Point-to-Point Slave/Repeaters have no security features. When
a transceiver is designated a Point-to-Point Slave/Repeater, it allows
any Master to use it as a Repeater.
FreeWave allows the use of up to four Repeaters in a Point-to-Point
communications link, significantly extending the operating range. When
designated as a Repeater, a transceiver behaves as a pass-through
Point-to-Point
Repeater (5)
link. All settings for the Call Book, baud rates, and transmission
characteristics are disabled. A Repeater connects with any Master that
calls it. The Repeater must be set up properly in the Master's Call Book.
Adding a Repeater to a network cuts the network throughput by 50%.
Mode 6 allows the transceiver to be controlled entirely through software
commands. A number of key parameters in the FreeWave user interface
may be changed either directly with a program such as Windows
Point-to-Point
Slave/Master
Switchable (6)
Terminal or through the use of script files. Additionally, when the Pointto-Point Slave/Master Switchable option is selected and the
transceiver is not calling a Slave, it functions as a Slave and accepts
any appropriate calls from other transceivers.
Point-to-MultiPoint
Repeater (7)
Mirrorbit Master (A)
Mirrorbit Slave (B)
Ethernet Options (F)
For more information, see application note #5476, Mode 6.
This option allows the transceiver to operate as a Repeater in a
MultiPoint network. You can have as many Repeaters as necessary in a
MultiPoint network. If the Repeater is to act as a Slave/Repeater, also
set the Slave Repeater parameter in the MultiPoint Parameters tab to
Enabled.
Adding a Repeater to a network cuts the network throughput by 50%.
For information about Mirrored Bit Communication, see FreeWave
application note #5424, Using the FGR-115MB Radio with Schweitzer
Engineering Labs Mirrored Bits Communications and the FGR Radio
Modem in Mirrored Bit Mode Addendum.
Mirrored Bit Communication is supported in firmware version 8.77 and
later.
This menu is needed for Ethernet transceivers only. Although the menu
is included here, it is unrelated to this transceiver.
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Chapter 2: Basic Transceiver Programming and Setup
Establishing Communication with Instrumentation and Computers
The settings in the Baud Rate tab are the communications settings between the transceiver and the
instrument or computer to which it is connected (transceiver serial port to the device). These settings are
unique to each transceiver, and do not need to match across the network.
For example, a pair of transceivers may be used in an application to send data from remote process
instrumentation to an engineer's computer. In this application, the baud rate for the transceiver on the
instrumentation might be set to 9600, and the transceiver on the polling host might be set to 57,600.
Set the following parameters in the Baud Rate tab. These settings are available in the Baud Rate menu in the
terminal interface, and apply to both Point-to-Point and Point-to-MultiPoint networks.
Baud Rate
Default Setting: 115200
Options: 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 76800, 115200, 230400
Setup Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate
Description: The communication rate between the transceiver's data port and the
instrument to which it is connected. This setting is independent from the
baud rate for the other transceivers in the network. Set the baud rate to the
highest level supported by the device to which it is connected. With a poor
RF link, this may actually result in slower data communications.
With a Baud Rate setting of 38,400 or higher, FreeWave recommends that
you use the Flow Control lines.
Note: The Setup port baud rate always defaults to 19,200 no matter how
the data port Baud Rate is set. The only exception is Mode 6. For more
information, see application note #5476, Mode 6.
Data Parity
Default Setting: 0 (8, N, 1)
Options: See table below.
Setup Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (A) Data Parity
Description: Six data word length and parity configurations are available for use with
FreeWave transceivers. The default setting is 8-None-1 and is the most
commonly used serial communications protocol.
The following table describes each option:
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Option Data Bits Parity Stop Bits
0 8 None 1
1 7 Even 1
2 7 Odd 1
3 8 None 2
4 8 Even 1
5 8 Odd 1
Flow Control
Default Setting: (0) None
Options: l (0) None - No flow control CTS is active and de-asserts when buffering
is 98% full. Can pass XON/XOFF data but does not use it in any way.
l (1) RTS - Uses RTS/CTS (Request to Send/Clear to Send) for flow
control..
l (2) DTR - Uses DTR/DSR (Data TerminalReady/Data Set Ready) for
flow control..
l (3) DOT - Half Duplex
Setup Terminal Menu: (2) Set Baud Rate > (F)FlowControl
Description: Specifies the hardware flow control for the data port on the transceiver.
Flow control is the process of managing the speed at which data is
transmitted so as not to overwhelm the device receiving the transmission.
FreeWave recommends using Flow Control if you are using a baud rate
higher than 38,400.
Modbus RTU
Note: When using the transceiver in Modbus RTU mode, the Master Packet Repeat
parameter setting in the MultiPoint Parameters tab must match in every
transceiver. The Modbus RTU mode must be set to 1 when transceivers are
configured in RS485 or RS422 mode.
Default Setting: 0 (Disabled)
Options: 0 to 9
Setup Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (B) ModbusRTU
Description: A setting other than 0 in this parameter causes the transceiver to wait for an
amount of time “gathering” data before sending out the RF link.
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Chapter 2: Basic Transceiver Programming and Setup
l 0 (Disabled) - The transceiver sends data out through its RF link as
soon as the data is received into the serial port. This is the default
setting.
l 1 - The transceiver waits for a number of slots equal to two times the
Master Packet Repeat setting before sending the received data out the
RF link. For example, if the Master Packet Repeat parameter is set to3,
the transceiver waits for 6 slots, gathering data up the whole time. At the
end of the 6 slots, the transceiver sends all received data in one “burst.”
This is the appropriate setting for most Modbus RTU devices.
l 2 or higher - The transceiver waits for a number of slots calculated
using the following formula:
(Modbus RTU setting + Master Packet Repeat setting + 1) x 2
For example, in a transceiver where the Modbus RTU setting is 2 and
the Master Packet Repeat setting is 3, the transceiver waits for
(2+3+1)x2, or 12 slots.
Serial Interface
Default Setting: (0) RS232
Options: l (0) RS232 - Also used for TTL.
l (1) RS422/Full Duplex RS485 - Modbus RTU mode must be enabled
and Turn Off Delay set to at least 4.
l (2) Half Duplex RS485 - Modbus RTU mode must be enabled and
Turn Off Delay set to at least 4.
l (3) DOT - DOT causes the CD line to indicate when data is transmitted
on the serial port from the transceiver. When the transceiver is not
sending data to the serial port, CD is de-asserted. When the transceiver
is sending data to the serial port, CD is asserted. The CD line no longer
has any link state functionality. Turn Off Delay works as described in all
transceivers. Turn On Delay works as described on any Slave or
Slave/Repeater - it has no functionality on the Master.
If set to anything other than 0, the Setup Port parameter in the Baud Rate
tab must be set to Diagnostics Only.
Setup Terminal Menu: (1) Set Baud Rate > (C) RS232/485
Description: Use this option to set the protocol of the data port for connection to an
external device. This setting must be 0 in TTL RF board products.
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