MultiLogPRO

Fourier MultiLogPRO, MultiLab User Manual

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User Guide

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MultiLab

™

MultiLogPRO

™

Put the world of scientific data at the fingertips of your students

The perfect combination between a graphic calculator and a data logger

New & Improved!

12b resolution & timing module

New & Improved!

12b resolution & timing module

Integrating student

computing & science

MultiLogPRO

User Guide

Fourier Systems

Eleventh Edition

First Print

Printed in July 2006

Contents

Introduction .............................................................................................. 1

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO ............................................................................3

1.1. General......................................................................................... 3

1.1.1. MultiLogPRO System Contents ................................................... 3

1.1.2. External Connections................................................................ 4

1.1.3. Battery................................................................................... 5

1.1.4. AC/DC Adaptor ........................................................................ 5

1.1.5. Automatic Shut-off................................................................... 5

1.2. Standalone Operation .....................................................................6

1.2.1. Front Panel Layout ................................................................... 6

1.2.2. Input Modes............................................................................ 7

1. Auto ID ......................................................................... 7

2. 8 Inputs ........................................................................ 7

1.2.3. Quick-Start ............................................................................. 7

1.2.4. Working with the MultiLogPRO Menus ....................................... 10

1. Turning MultiLogPRO On and Off ..................................... 10

2. Main Menu Display ........................................................ 10

3. Menu Buttons ............................................................... 10

4. Menu Icons and Commands............................................ 11

1.2.5. Graphic Display ..................................................................... 13

1. The Cursor ................................................................... 13

2. Zooming ...................................................................... 13

1.2.6. Measuring Timing Events ........................................................ 13

1. Stopwatch.................................................................... 14

2. Time and Speed............................................................ 15

3. Time, Speed and Acceleration ......................................... 16

1.2.7. Select Sensors Manually.......................................................... 17

1.2.8. Load the Last Setup ............................................................... 18

1.2.9. Configure Your MultiLogPRO .................................................... 18

1. Input Mode .................................................................. 18

2. Clear Memory ............................................................... 19

3. DO

Sensor Calibration .................................................. 19

4. Screen Contrast ............................................................ 19

5. Connect to a Computer or to a TI Calculator ..................... 19

1.2.10. Internal Clock and Calendar..................................................... 19

1.2.11. Clear the Memory .................................................................. 20

1.2.12. Choose the Right Setup .......................................................... 20

1.2.13. Programming Rules and Limitations .......................................... 21

1. Sampling Points ............................................................ 21

2. Sampling Rate .............................................................. 22

3. Continuous Sampling..................................................... 22

1.3. Sensor Calibration ........................................................................ 23

1.3.1. Hardware Offset Calibration..................................................... 23

1.3.2. MultiLogPRO Automatic Zero Calibration.................................... 23

1.3.3. pH Temperature Compensation ................................................ 24

1.3.4. DO

Calibration...................................................................... 24

1.3.5. MultiLab Sensor Calibration ..................................................... 24

1.3.6. Factory Calibration (No Calibration Required) ............................. 24

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software................................................................... 25

2.1. Installing the Software .................................................................. 25

2.1.1. System Requirements............................................................. 25

1. Windows...................................................................... 25

2. Mac OS........................................................................ 25

2.1.2. MultiLab Installation ............................................................... 26

1. Windows OS (instructions based on WinXP) ...................... 26

2. Mac OS........................................................................ 28

2.2. Overview..................................................................................... 29

2.2.1. MultiLab On-screen Layout ...................................................... 29

2.2.2. MultiLab Window Layout ......................................................... 29

2.2.3. Working with Projects ............................................................. 30

2.3. Getting Started ............................................................................ 31

2.3.1. Set up a Recording Session ..................................................... 31

1. Prepare MultiLogPRO ..................................................... 31

2. Enable Video Recording.................................................. 31

3. Setup the MultiLogPRO .................................................. 32

4. Start Recording............................................................. 32

2.3.2. Data Recording Options .......................................................... 32

1. Single Measurement ...................................................... 32

2. Replace ....................................................................... 32

3. Add............................................................................. 32

2.3.3. Manual Sampling ................................................................... 32

2.3.4. Online Video.......................................................................... 33

1. Online Video................................................................. 33

2. Recording .................................................................... 33

3. Replaying an Experiment................................................ 33

4. Video and Audio Properties............................................. 33

2.3.5. Download Data ...................................................................... 34

2.3.6. The Timer Module .................................................................. 35

1. Working with the Timer Module Wizard............................. 35

2. Measuring Methods ....................................................... 36

3. Time Schemes and Calculations ...................................... 38

2.3.7. Save Data............................................................................. 40

2.3.8. Open a File ........................................................................... 40

2.3.9. Create a New Project .............................................................. 40

2.3.10. Import Data .......................................................................... 40

2.3.11. Print..................................................................................... 41

1. Print a Graph................................................................ 41

2. Print a Table................................................................. 41

2.4. Viewing the Data.......................................................................... 43

2.4.1. Display Options ..................................................................... 43

2.4.2. Graph Display........................................................................ 43

1. Split Graph View ........................................................... 44

2. The Cursor ................................................................... 44

3. Zooming ...................................................................... 45

4. Panning ....................................................................... 46

5. Edit the Graph .............................................................. 46

6. Format the Graph ......................................................... 47

7. Change the Graph’s Units and its Number Format .............. 47

8. Add Annotations to the Graph ......................................... 48

9. Add a Graph to the Project ............................................. 49

2.4.3. The Table Display................................................................... 49

1. Editing Data Values ....................................................... 49

2. Editing the Table........................................................... 49

3. Formatting the Table ..................................................... 50

4. Add a Table to the Project .............................................. 50

2.4.4. Meters.................................................................................. 51

2.4.5. Data Map.............................................................................. 51

1. Control the Display with the Data Map ............................. 51

2. Understanding Data Map Icons........................................ 52

2.4.6. Export Data to Excel............................................................... 53

1. Export File Settings ....................................................... 53

2.4.7. Copy the Graph as a Picture .................................................... 53

2.5. Programming MultiLogPRO............................................................. 54

2.5.1. Setup ................................................................................... 54

1. Quick Setup ................................................................. 54

2. Defining Sensor Properties ............................................. 55

3. Setting the Zero Point of a Sensor ................................... 56

4. Presetting the Display.................................................... 57

5. Presetting the Graph’s X-axis.......................................... 58

6. Triggering .................................................................... 58

2.5.2. Start Recording ..................................................................... 60

2.5.3. Stop Recording ...................................................................... 60

2.5.4. Clear MultiLogPRO’s Memory.................................................... 60

2.5.5. Edit MultiLogPRO’s Experiment Notes........................................ 60

2.5.6. Calibrating the Sensors........................................................... 61

2.5.7. Define a Custom Sensor.......................................................... 61

2.5.8. Communication Setup............................................................. 62

2.6. Analyzing the Data ....................................................................... 65

2.6.1. Reading Data Point Coordinates ............................................... 65

2.6.2. Reading the Difference between two Coordinate Values ............... 65

2.6.3. Working with the Analysis Tools ............................................... 65

2.6.4. Smoothing ............................................................................ 65

2.6.5. Statistics .............................................................................. 66

2.6.6. Most Common Analysis Functions............................................. 66

1. Linear Fit ..................................................................... 66

2. Derivative .................................................................... 66

3. Integral ....................................................................... 67

2.6.7. The Analysis Wizard ............................................................... 67

1. Using the Analysis Wizard .............................................. 67

2. Curve Fit...................................................................... 67

3. Averaging .................................................................... 68

4. Functions ..................................................................... 69

5. Editing a Function ......................................................... 70

2.6.8. Available Analysis Tools .......................................................... 70

1. Curve Fit...................................................................... 70

2. Averaging .................................................................... 71

3. Functions ..................................................................... 71

2.6.9. Online Analysis ...................................................................... 74

2.6.10. Manual Curve Fitting .............................................................. 76

2.7. Video Motion Analyzer................................................................... 78

2.7.1. Overview .............................................................................. 78

2.7.2. Getting Started...................................................................... 78

1. Video Motion Analyzer Basics .......................................... 78

2. Saving a New Movie ...................................................... 78

3. Opening a Stored Movie ................................................. 79

4. Saving a Video Motion Analyzer Project ............................ 79

5. Opening a Video Motion Analyzer Project .......................... 79

2.7.3. Capturing a New Movie ........................................................... 79

1. From a Device Attached to your Computer........................ 79

2. From an External Source through a Video Board................ 80

2.7.4. Capturing Position and Time .................................................... 80

1. Scaling ........................................................................ 81

2. Set Coordinate System .................................................. 81

3. Set Step ...................................................................... 83

4. Mark the Video ............................................................. 83

5. Changing the Colors of the Marker and the Axes................ 86

2.7.5. Analyzing the Data................................................................. 86

2.8. Workbook.................................................................................... 87

2.8.1. Working with Workbook .......................................................... 87

2.8.2. Opening a Worksheet ............................................................. 87

2.8.3. Create Your Own Worksheet .................................................... 88

1. Create an HTML Document with Word .............................. 88

2. Create a Configuration File ............................................. 88

2.9. Special Tools ............................................................................... 90

2.9.1. Predicting ............................................................................. 90

2.9.2. The Timing Wizard ................................................................. 90

1. Overview ..................................................................... 90

2. Working with the Timing Wizard...................................... 91

3. Measuring Methods ....................................................... 92

4. Time Schemes and Calculations ...................................... 94

5. Tips on using the Timing Wizard...................................... 97

2.9.3. Crop Tool.............................................................................. 98

1. To Trim all Data up to a Point ......................................... 98

2. To Trim all Data Outside a Selected Range........................ 98

2.9.4. Capture Tool ......................................................................... 98

1. Preparing the Capture Table ........................................... 99

2. Capturing Data ........................................................... 100

3. Displaying the Captured Data on the Graph .................... 100

2.10. Communicating with the Nova5000............................................... 102

2.11. Toolbar Buttons.......................................................................... 104

2.11.1. Main (Upper) Toolbar............................................................ 104

2.11.2. Graph Toolbar ..................................................................... 105

2.11.3. Table Toolbar ...................................................................... 106

2.11.4. Video Motion Analyzer Toolbar ............................................... 106

2.11.5. Capture New Movie Toolbar ................................................... 107

Chapter 3 Working with a TI Calculator .................................................. 109

3.1. Overview................................................................................... 109

3.2. Installing the Software ................................................................ 109

3.3. Getting Started .......................................................................... 109

1. Prepare MultiLogPRO ................................................... 109

2. Run MultiLab on a TI Calculator..................................... 110

3. Setup MultiLogPRO...................................................... 110

4. Start Recording........................................................... 111

5. View the Data............................................................. 112

6. Downloading Data....................................................... 112

3.4. The Graph Display ...................................................................... 112

1. The Cursor ................................................................. 112

2. Zooming .................................................................... 112

3. Rescaling ................................................................... 113

4. Auto Scaling............................................................... 113

5. X – Axis Scaling .......................................................... 114

6. Y – Axis Scaling .......................................................... 114

7. Choosing the X–axis .................................................... 115

3.5. Analyzing the Data ..................................................................... 115

1. Applying an Analysis Tool ............................................. 115

2. Curve Fit.................................................................... 116

3. User Curve Fit ............................................................ 117

4. Statistics ................................................................... 117

5. Integral ..................................................................... 118

3.6. Data Collection Modes................................................................. 119

1. Log Data.................................................................... 120

2. Time Graph ................................................................ 120

3. Events with Entry........................................................ 120

4. Single Point................................................................ 120

5. Selected Event............................................................ 121

3.7. Conditioned Data Collection ......................................................... 121

1. To Enable Triggering.................................................... 121

2. To Disable the Triggering Condition ............................... 122

3.8. Calibrating the Sensors ............................................................... 122

1. To Calibrate a Sensor .................................................. 122

2. To Restore the Default Calibration Values ....................... 123

Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Guide........................................................... 125

Chapter 5 Specifications....................................................................... 129

5.1. The MultiLogPRO Data Logger ...................................................... 129

5.2. Sensors .................................................................................... 131

5.3. Accessories................................................................................ 133

5.4. MultiLab Software (Windows and Mac OS)...................................... 134

5.5. MultiLab Software (TI-83 PLUS Calculator)..................................... 135

Appendix A: Figures ............................................................................... 137

Appendix B: Adding a Code Resistor to a Custom Sensor ............................. 138

Index .......................................................................................... 139

Introduction 1

Introduction

The Fourier Systems MultiLogPRO is a powerful standalone 12-bit data logger with a clear LCD graphic display and a 128K internal memory. Recorded data is displayed in the form of graphs, tables, meters or digital displays, and can be analyzed with a number of pre-programmed analysis functions.

The MultiLogPRO’s internal memory stores experiment notes and instructions for carrying out the experiment, which can be edited or expanded at any time. These features enable MultiLogPRO to function independently from a computer - a perfect solution for when there is a shortage of computers in the laboratory.

MultiLogPRO can record data from up to 8 sensors simultaneously; it is capable of recording at rates of up to 21,000 samples per second, and of collecting up to 100,000 samples in its internal memory.

MultiLogPRO is very easy to use because all its functions are broken down into 8 icon menus, and its four buttons can browse every menu and execute any of the commands. In addition, when a sensor is plugged in, the MultiLogPRO automatically recognizes the type of sensor, and will record the data with the appropriate units.

A rechargeable battery powers the data logger, which shuts off automatically after 15 minutes have passed since the time of the last data recording, since the time the last button was pressed, or since the time the last communication with the PC.

MultiLogPRO includes a built-in, easy to use, accurate Timer module that enables the measuring of several types of timing events.

The MultiLogPRO system combines with the powerful MultiLab software. MultiLab can be installed on Windows ™ or Mac operating systems and also on TI–83 Plus calculators.

When the MultiLogPRO is connected to a computer, live displays can be viewed at rates of up to 100/s, and automatic downloads can be carried out at higher rates. The Windows ™ or Mac-based software can display the data in graphs, tables or meters, can analyze data with various mathematical tools, and can show live or recorded video movies of the actual experiment.

MultiLab also includes a Video Motion Analyzer module that enables you to capture position and time from video movies and analyze the data with MultiLab’s analysis tools.

Together with the TI–83 Plus calculator, MultiLogPRO becomes a complete portable, handheld data collection and analysis system.

The large variety of sensors with which MultiLogPRO is compatible makes the unit a true digital Lab, which can measure scientific phenomena from the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Biology and the environmental sciences.

MultiLab can also be used to communicate with Fourier’s Nova5000 and run the Nova5000’s built-in MultiLogPRO data logger. This allows Nova5000 users to extend the MultiLab CE features to the full featured MultiLab for PC edition.

This manual is divided into five chapters:

• Chapter 1 is dedicated to the data logger itself. Topics include: Connecting sensors, configuration through the data logger keypad, and

2 Introduction

using the LCD graphic display to take measurements when working offline.

• Chapter 2 gives a comprehensive overview of the MultiLab for Windows and Mac OS software. Topics include: How to download data from the data logger to a PC, analyzing the data both graphically and mathematically, using the MultiLab software to program the data logger when working online, working with the video tool and communicating with the Nova5000.

• Chapter 3 guides you in how to operate the MultiLogPRO and TI–83 Plus system, how to setup MultiLogPRO via the TI calculator, how to download the data and how to analyze it.

• Chapter 4 contains a comprehensive troubleshooting guide that gives answers to common questions.

• Chapter 5 includes the specifications of the MultiLogPRO system software and hardware.

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 3

Chapter 1

MultiLogPRO

This section will focus on the MultiLogPRO’s data collection device: The data logger. The section includes:

• How to operate the MultiLogPRO’s keypad

• How to set up MultiLogPRO

• How to connect MultiLogPRO to your PC

1.1. General

1.1.1. MultiLogPRO System Contents

Figure 1: Contents of the MultiLogPRO system

1. The MultiLogPRO data logger

2. Sensors (see your package list)

3. Four sensor mini-din cables

4. Communication cables (see your package list)

5. Web camera (optional)

6. MultiLab software installation CD

7. An AC-DC adaptor

4 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

1.1.2. External Connections

Figure 2: MultiLogPRO external connections

1. Sensor input/output (I/O) sockets marked (I/O-1 I/O-2 I/O-3 and I/O-4): These sockets are used to connect the sensors. Normally, all four sockets can be used simultaneously.

To connect a sensor to the MultiLogPRO use one of the mini-din cables. Plug one end of the cable into the data logger - arrow facing up, and the other end into the sensor - arrow facing down.

If you are using one sensor only connect it to input 1. If you are using two sensors connect them to inputs 1 and 2, and so on.

In order to connect more than 4 sensors at a time, use the splitter cables, which will enable the connection of up to 8 sensors simultaneously. When a splitter cable is connected, it must be connected to the socket in the correct numerical order (e.g. for 5 sensors, connect the splitter cable to I/O-4). One of the two splitter cables is marked with arrows - that is the main input (the lower I/O number), the second line is marked with the letter S (split) - indicating that it is the secondary input (the higher I/O number). Connect up to four input splitters (DT011) to split

2a. PC serial

connection socket

3. Power input

(DC 9–12V)

1. Sensor inputs

1st

input

2nd

input

3rd

input

4th

input

2b. PC USB

connection socket

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 5

the MultiLogPRO’s inputs starting with I/O-4 (the splitters must be connected in order):

• I/O-4 splits into I/O-4 and I/O-5

• I/O-3 splits into I/O-3 and I/O-6

• I/O-2 splits into I/O-2 and I/O-7

• I/O-1 splits into I/O-1 and I/O-8

Note: Before connecting the mini-din cable to the data logger or the sensor sockets, make sure that the mini-din plug is correctly positioned in front of the socket. Connecting the cable in an awkward position might cause damage to the cable pins.

2. a) PC serial communication socket: Connect the 9-pin Type D cable between this port and one of the computer’s PC COM Ports. At the back of the computer you will find a 9-pin Type D male socket. If your computer is using this port for the mouse, look for a 25-pin D shell male socket near the mouse. Use the RS232 9 to 25-pin adaptor to connect the MultiLogPRO serial cable to the 25-pin port (the adaptor is included with the MultiLogPRO).

b) PC USB communication socket (optional). Connect the USB Type B plug to the MultiLogPRO and the USB Type A plug to the PC (see page 26 for USB driver installation).

3. External DC power supply socket: Plug in an AC/DC 9-12V adaptor whenever you want to save battery power, or to charge the battery when necessary. Connecting external power to the MultiLogPRO automatically charges the internal battery. The adaptor should meet the required specifications (see section 1.1.4).

1.1.3. Battery

MultiLogPRO is equipped with a 7.2V NiCad rechargeable battery. Before you first start working with MultiLogPRO, charge the unit for 10 to 12 hours while it is turned off. Battery life is approximately 24 hours between charges.

If the data logger’s main battery runs out, the internal 3V Lithium battery backs up the memory, so no data will be lost.

Note: Before storing the data logger make sure you have unplugged all the sensors and pressed the OFF key.

1.1.4. AC/DC Adaptor

• Output: Capacitor filtered 9 to 12 VDC, 400mA.

• Female plug, center Negative.

1.1.5. Automatic Shut-off

MultiLogPRO shuts off automatically after 15 minutes have passed since the time of the last data recording, the time the last button was pressed, or the time the last communication was made with the PC.

6 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

1.2. Standalone Operation

One way to program the MultiLogPRO is to use its keypad and screen (the other way is to use the MultiLab software - see Chapter 2). The keypad allows us to set all the parameters for data collection, while the LCD screen displays the setting values.

1.2.1. Front Panel Layout

Figure 3: MultiLogPRO front panel

LCD Display

Backward Button

Forward Button

On/Off Buttons

Enter/Run Button

Escape/Stop Button

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 7

1.2.2. Input Modes

MultiLogPRO has two Input Modes. The default mode is Auto ID and the MultiLogPRO is in this mode when turned on for the first time. When using more than 4 sensors, when using VERNIER sensors, or if you’ve defined your own sensor, switch to the 8 inputs mode. Select the system configuration menu in the MAIN MENU and choose the mode you want (see page 18).

MultiLogPRO saves the current mode selection and will open in that mode the next time you turn it on.

1. Auto ID

Automatic sensor identification – just plug in the sensors and the MultiLogPRO prepares itself to collect data from these sensors.

While in this mode you can work with up to 4 sensors simultaneously.

2. 8 Inputs

This mode enables data logging from up to 8 sensors simultaneously. Connect up to four input splitters (DT011) to multiply the MultiLogPRO’s inputs starting with I/O-4 (the splitters must be connected in order):

• I/O-4 splits into I/O-4 and I/O-5

• I/O-3 splits into I/O-3 and I/O-6

• I/O-2 splits into I/O-2 and I/O-7

• I/O-1 splits into I/O-1 and I/O-8

In the splitter cable, one of the two wires is marked with arrows - that is the main input (the lower I/O number). The second wire is marked with the letter S (split) indicating that it is the secondary input (the higher I/O number).

To learn how to switch to 8 inputs mode please refer to section 1.2.9 on page 18. In this mode there is no automatic sensor identification. Select the sensors manually

either from the MultiLogPRO setup menu (see section 1.2.6 on page 13) or using the MultiLab software (see section 2.5.1 on page 54).

Use this mode if you want to work with more than 4 sensors or if you are using VERNIER sensors.

1.2.3. Quick-Start

Before you first use MultiLogPRO, charge the unit for 10 to 12 hours while it is turned off.

1. Turn on MultiLogPRO

Press the on button

. You will see the initialization screen. MultiLogPRO performs a brief self-check and displays its status including battery level. At this point you can load the last setup you used (see page 18). If you need a new setup wait until you see the Main Menu screen:

8 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

2. Plug in the Sensors

Start with the first input on the right. If MultiLogPRO is in Auto ID mode (the default mode) it will display the setup menu and will identify the sensors you’ve plugged in.

In–1: Microphone In–2: Light In–3: In–4:

→ RATE = 10/s SAMPLES = 500 DISPLAY = numeric

Note: Sensors must be added successively, starting with input-1. If a single sensor is used it must be connected to I/O-1. If two sensors are used in an experiment, they must be connected to I/O-1 and I/O-2.

The arrow indicates that MultiLogPRO is ready to accept a new sampling rate.

If the MultiLogPRO is in 8 input mode, you have to select the sensors manually (see page 13).

3. Select Rate

Use the Forward

and Backward arrow buttons to select the desired

rate, and then press the Enter button

In–1: Microphone In–2: Light In–3: In–4:

RATE = Every sec → SAMPLES = 500 DISPLAY = numeric

MultiLogPRO automatically switches to the next step in the setup process and the arrow moves to the samples row.

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 9

4. Select Total Number of Samples

Use the Forward

and Backward arrow buttons to select the number

of samples, and then press the Enter button

In–1: Microphone In–2: Light In–3: In–4:

RATE = Every sec SAMPLES = 200 → DISPLAY = numeric

5. Choose Display

Use the Forward

and Backward arrow buttons to select the type of

display, and then press the Enter button

In–1: Microphone In–2: Light In–3: In–4:

SAMPLES = 200 DISPLAY = graphic → START = ( > ).

6. Start Recording

Press the Forward arrow button

to start recording.

Or press the Enter button if you want to go back to the first item (Rate).

You can stop recording any time by pressing the Escape button

10 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

1.2.4. Working with the MultiLogPRO Menus

1. Turning MultiLogPRO On and Off

Turn MultiLogPRO on

Off

Turn MultiLogPRO off

Note: Pressing OFF will not erase the sample memory. The data stored in the memory will be kept for up to 10 years.

2. Main Menu Display

When turned on, MultiLogPRO opens with a system information window and then displays the main menu:

MultiLogPRO has 9 menus. Use the Forward or Backward Arrow buttons to highlight a menu and press the Enter button to select it. Then use the Arrow buttons to scan the options. Press the Enter button to select an option. The MultiLogPRO automatically executes the command.

3. Menu Buttons

Forward

Move to the next menu or to the next menu options

Backward

Move to the previous menu or menu options

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 11

Enter (Start)

Enter the selected menu or select the current menu option and move to the next menu command or start recording

Escape (Stop)

Return to the main menu or stop recording

4. Menu Icons and Commands

Start

Start recording

Press the Enter button to start recording

Setup

Setup MultiLogPRO in 4 steps:

Rate – Select recording rate

Samples – Select the total number of recording points

Display – Select the way MultiLogPRO will display the data (at a

rate of up to 10 samples per second):

• Numeric - Displays the sensor values and the sample number

• Meter - Displays all active sensors in a bar meter display

along with their values

• Table - Displays the last 6 values of all the active sensors in a table

• Graphic - Displays a graphic representation of the sampled sensors

At rates higher then 10/s the MultiLogPRO will display the data in a graph at the end of the logging period.

Start – Press the Forward arrow to start recording

Function

Display statistics of the current data

• Minimum – The minimum graph value

• Maximum – The maximum graph value

• Average – The graph average

Open

Open a stored data in graphic display

Use the Forward and Backward Arrow buttons to browse the stored files,

press the Enter button to open a file

12 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

Notes

Display experiment notes and instructions

Use the Arrow buttons to browse the notes. You can use the MultiLab software to edit the notes or to write

new notes

Info

Display system information:

• Number of experiments stored in MultiLogPRO’s internal memory

• Memory usage

• MultiLogPRO version

• Battery level (unplug any sensor and external power supply)

• Current date and time

Note: When turning off the MultiLogPRO, the date and time is reset. You restore the current date and time whenever the logger communicates with MultiLab.

Timing

Enter to the timing module

You can select between the following timing events:

• Stopwatch

• Time and speed in one photogate

• Time and speed between two photogates

• Time, speed and acceleration between two photogates

Help

On-line help and specifications

Configuration

Configure the MultiLogPRO:

Input Mode – Select Input Mode: Auto ID or 8 inputs

Clear memory – Delete the stored data files

DO2 – Press the Forward arrow button to enter the DO

Contrast – Use the arrow buttons to tune the screen contrast

Comm. – Press the Forward arrow button to connect to a

computer or the Backward arrow button to connect to TI calculator

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 13

1.2.5. Graphic Display

MultiLogPRO will automatically use a graphic display in three cases:

• If the recording rate is 10/s or less and you selected Graphic Display in the setup menu

• Once logging has ended for an experiment with a data recording rate of over 10/s

• When opening a stored recording

The graphic display is available for recordings with up to 4 sensors simultaneously.

1. The Cursor

Use the Cursor in Graphic Display mode to read data values or to zoom in to the area around a selected point. The cursor is displayed automatically after logging has ended, or when opening a stored recording.

1. Use the Forward

and Backward arrow buttons to

move the cursor.

2. MultiLogPRO displays the point coordinates at the bottom of the graph.

3. If there is more then one sensor, press the Enter button

move the cursor to another plot on the graph.

2. Zooming

1. Position the cursor in the area you want to zoom into.

2. Press the two arrow buttons,

and , simultaneously.

You will zoom in around the cursor in a 2:1 ratio.

3. Press the Escape button

to zoom out.

1.2.6. Measuring Timing Events

MultiLogPRO incorporates an accurate Timer module with resolution of 0.1ms. The timer can measure several types of events triggered by Fourier Systems' photogates:

• Time and speed with one photogate

• Time and speed between two gates

• Time, speed and acceleration between two gates

• Stopwatch

To learn more about the different measurement types see page 36 and page 38. While in Timer mode MultiLogPRO does not store data. To save timing data in the

computer operate the Timer module via MultiLab. To learn how to use the timer with MultiLab software please see page 35.

14 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

To use the photogates together with other sensors operate MultiLogPRO as a data logger and then analyze the photogates data with the aid of MultiLab's Timing Wizard (see page 90).

To perform a timing measurement:

1. Connect one or two photogates to MultiLogPRO

Note: MultiLogPRO must be in PC communication mode (see page 18)

2. Use the Forward and Backward arrow buttons to navigate

to the Timing

3. Press Enter

to display the timing menu:

_ _ _ _ _TIMING _ _ _ _ _

→ Mode: Time Speed Measure: In1 Card width: 30mm Gates distance: 20cm Start ( > )

The arrow indicates that MultiLogPRO is ready to accept the timing mode

4. Use the arrow buttons to select the desired timing mode:

Stopwatch, Time Speed or Time Speed Acc

1. Stopwatch

_ _ _ _ _TIMING _ _ _ _ _

→ Mode: Stopwatch Measure: _ _ _ Card width: _ _ _ Gates distance: _ _ _ Start ( > )

In this mode MultiLogPRO operates as a standard stopwatch with resolution of 0.01s.

1. Press Enter

four times, then press the Forward arrow to

enter the stopwatch mode

2. Press the Forward

arrow to start measuring time

3. Press the Forward

arrow a second time to stop the watch

4. Press the Backward

arrow to reset the watch

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 15

5. Press Escape to exit the stopwatch mode and return to the timing menu

6. Press Escape

a second time to return to the main menu

2. Time and Speed

In this mode MultiLogPRO measures time and speed either in one gate or between gates.

_ _ _ _ _TIMING _ _ _ _ _

→ Mode: Time Speed Measure: In1 Card width: 30mm Gates distance: _ _ _ Start ( > )

Press Enter

to select this mode. The arrow moves to the Measure row.

Use the Forward

and Backward arrow buttons to select In1 if you want to measure time and speed in one gate or In1 → In2 if you want to measure time and speed between two gates.

Time and speed at one gate Time and speed between gates

MultiLogPRO measures the time between blocking and unblocking the photogate at input 1

MultiLogPRO measures the time

between blocking the photogate at input 1 and blocking the photogate at input 2

Time and speed at one gate Time and speed between gates

1. Press Enter , then use the arrow

buttons to select the card (the body that blocks the gate) width in mm between 0 to 59mm

1. Press Enter

twice, then use the

Forward

arrow button to select the distance between the photogates in cm between 0 to 99cm

2. Press Enter

twice, then use the

Forward

arrow button to enter to

a timing standby mode

2. Press Enter

, then use the

Forward

arrow button to enter to

a timing standby mode

16 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

3. Timing begins each time a body blocks the photogate and ends when unblocking the photogate. MultiLogPRO then displays the elapsed time between entering and leaving the gate and the speed of the body

3. Timing begins each time a body enters the first photogate (input 1) and ends when leaving the second photogate (input 2). MultiLogPRO then displays the elapsed time between entering the gates and the body's average velocity

4. Use the arrow buttons to scroll between the time and speed results

5. Press Escape

to return to the

timing menu

6. Press Escape

a second time to

return to the main menu

5. Press Escape

to return to the

timing menu

6. Press Escape

a second time to

return to the main menu

3. Time, Speed and Acceleration

In this mode MultiLogPRO measures the crossing time at the first gate, the time it takes the body to move from one gate to the second gate and the crossing time at the second gate and returns the time between gates, the average speed and the average acceleration.

_ _ _ _ _TIMING _ _ _ _ _

→ Mode: Time Speed Acc Measure: In1 –> In2 Card width: 30mm Gates distance: 20cm Start ( > )

1. Press Enter twice, then use the arrow buttons to select the card (the body that blocks the gate) width in mm between 0 to 59mm

2. Press Enter

, then use the Forward arrow button to select

the distance between the photogates in cm between 0 to 99cm

3. Press Enter

, then use the Forward arrow button to enter to

a timing standby mode

Timing begins each time a body enters the first photogate (input 1) and ends when leaving the second photogate (input 2). MultiLogPRO then displays the elapsed time between entering the gates and the body's average velocity and acceleration

4. Use the arrow buttons to scroll between the time, speed and acceleration results

5. Press Escape

to return to the timing menu

6. Press Escape

a second time to return to the main menu

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 17

1.2.7. Select Sensors Manually

You must be in 8 input mode to be able to select the sensors manually (see page 7).

1. In the Main Menu screen, use the arrow buttons to select the setup

menu icon

2. Press the Enter button

to enter the setup menu:

→ In–1: Empty

In–2: Empty In–3: Empty In–4: Empty

RATE = 10/s SAMPLES = 500 DISPLAY = numeric

3. Use the Forward and Backward arrows to select

the sensor in input 1 and then press the Enter button

. The

arrow indicator will move to the second input.

4. Repeat this procedure with all the sensors you plugged in.

5. After the fourth sensor has been selected, the screen will list the next 4 sensors:

→ In–5: Empty

In–6: Empty In–7: Empty In–8: Empty

RATE = 10/s SAMPLES = 500 DISPLAY = numeric

You can press the Enter button in the last input if you want to go back to the first input.

6. When you’ve finished selecting the sensors press the Escape

button

. The arrow indicator will point to the Rate command and

you must complete the setup, as detailed in section 1.2.3.

Note: When you turn the MultiLogPRO off it will save the setup for the next session.

18 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

1.2.8. Load the Last Setup

When you turn MultiLogPRO on, once the self testing has been completed, it will display:

___INITIALIZATION___

Init. Display Init. ADC Init. RAM Batt. 99%

ENTER – load setup

Press the Enter button

to load the last setup.

1.2.9. Configure Your MultiLogPRO

Use the System configuration menu to select the Input Mode, to clear the MultiLogPRO’s memory, to change the screen contrast, or to calibrate the DO

sensor.

In the MAIN MENU screen, select the System configuration icon

to display the

configuration screen. The default configuration is:

→ Input Mode: Auto ID Clear memory ( > ) DO2 calibration ( > ) Contrast ( < ) ( > ) Comm ( PC )

Use the Forward

and Backward arrows to select the mode and

then press the Enter button

to move to the next item. You can press the

Escape button

to leave the configuration menu at any time, saving the new changes you made. Press Enter button in the last item (Contrast) if you want to go back to the first item (Input Mode).

1. Input Mode

Select between Auto ID – automatic sensor identification and 8 inputs – manual sensor selection (See also page 7).

The new configuration will be the default mode until the next time you change it.

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 19

2. Clear Memory

Press the Forward arrow button

if you want to delete all previous data files

from the MultiLogPRO.

3. DO

Sensor Calibration

If you need to calibrate a DO

sensor press the Forward arrow button to

enter the DO

calibration screen:

_ _ _ _ _ D O 2 C A L _ _ _ _ _ Use the following menu to calibrate the DO2 electrode.

Salinity: 0 ppt

Use the arrow buttons to select between 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ppt and press the Enter button to confirm and move to calibrate altitude.

Use the arrow buttons to select between 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000 and 3500 ft and press the Enter button to confirm.

MultiLogPRO will display the calculated upper limit of the calibrated range and will exit the DO

calibration screen.

The new calibration parameters will be saved until the next time you change them.

4. Screen Contrast

Use the arrow buttons to adjust the LCD screen contrast. Any contrast adjustment will be saved until the next time you change it.

5. Connect to a Computer or to a TI Calculator

Press the Forward arrow

button to connect to a computer or the Backward

arrow

button to connect to a TI calculator

1.2.10. Internal Clock and Calendar

The internal clock is set the first time you use the Setup command from the MultiLab software to program the MultiLogPRO. The clock is automatically updated to the PC’s time and date whenever you connect your MultiLogPRO to a PC and perform Setup in MultiLab.

20 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

When you shut off the MultiLogPRO, the internal clock and calendar is not saved. To restore the clock and calendar, you must reconnect the MultiLogPRO to the PC and Setup the logger again.

1.2.11. Clear the Memory

If you want to start recording and the MultiLogPRO’s internal memory is full you will see this message at the bottom of the display:

→ In–1: Microphone

In–2: Light In–3: Empty In–4: Empty

SAMPLES = 200 DISPLAY = graphic

Mem full, clear = ( > )

Press the Forward arrow button

to clear the memory

In order to clear the MultiLogPRO’s memory when it is not full, use the Memory clear command from the Configuration menu (see page 18), or clear the memory from the Logger menu in the MultiLab software (see page 60).

1.2.12. Choose the Right Setup

1. Sampling rate - The sampling rate should be determined by the frequency of the phenomenon being sampled. If the phenomenon is periodic, sample at a rate of at least twice the expected frequency. For example, sound recordings should be sampled at the highest sampling rate – 20,800/sec, but changes in room temperature can be measured at slower rates such as once per second or even slower, depending on the speed of the expected changes.

There is no such thing as over-sampling. For extremely smooth graphs, the sampling rate should be about 20 times the expected frequency.

Note: Sampling at a rate slower than the expected rate can cause frequency aliasing. In such a case, the graph will show a frequency much lower than

expected. In Figure 4 below, the higher frequency sine wave was sampled at 1/3 of its frequency. Connecting the sampled points yielded a graph with a lower, incorrect frequency.

Figure 4: Frequency Aliasing

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 21

Manual sampling - use this mode for:

• Recordings or measurements that are not related to time.

• Situations in which you have to stop recording data after each sample

obtained, in order to change your location, or any other logging parameter (Note: During the experiment no changes can be made to the MultiLogPRO’s configuration).

To start an experiment using manual data logging, set the RATE to manual and

press the Enter button

once to start the data recording, then press the

Enter button each time you want to collect a sample.

You can also perform manual logging via MultiLab (see page 32).

2. Sampling Points - After you have chosen the sampling rate, choosing the number of points will determine the logging period: Samples / Rate = Logging time. You can also choose the duration of an experiment first, and then calculate the number of samples: Samples = Logging time × Rate.

Continuous

In the Continuous mode, MultiLogPRO does not save data, and can continue logging indefinitely.

If MultiLogPRO is connected to the PC and the MultiLab software is running, the data is automatically saved to the computer and displayed in a real-time graph.

To operate in Continuous mode select RATE equal to or less than 100/s and SAMPLES = Continuous.

You can also select Continuous mode directly from the MultiLab software.

Note: MultiLogPRO must be set to a display mode other than graphic in order to enable the Continuous mode.

1.2.13. Programming Rules and Limitations

The following are some rules and limitations you must take into account when programming the MultiLogPRO, as MultiLogPRO integrates all programming limitations automatically. MultiLogPRO will only allow the programming of settings that comply with the rules below.

1. Sampling Points

• Increasing the number of active inputs limits the number of sampling points one can choose. The following condition must be always satisfied: Samples × Active Inputs < Memory. MultiLogPRO’s memory is sufficient for 100,000 samples. However, when sampling at rates faster than 100 samples per second the memory can store only two experiments of 32,000 samples each.

• Selection of 100,000 sampling points will create 2 files of 50,000 points each in the data logger’s memory

22 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

2. Sampling Rate

The number of sensors in use limits the maximum sampling rate:

Number of Sensors Maximum Sampling Rate

1 20,800 samples per second

2 3,701 samples per second

3 2,631 samples per second

4 2,041 samples per second

5 1,667 samples per second

6 1,409 samples per second

7 1,220 samples per second

8 1,076 samples per second

3. Continuous Sampling

• Continuous sampling is possible up to a maximum sampling rate of 100/s.

• The data must be presented in a display mode other than graphical.

Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO 23

1.3. Sensor Calibration

In this chapter you will learn how to increase the MultiLogPRO system accuracy using calibration. Most of the sensors are linear, i.e. the output level of each sensor changes according to the equation:

baXY +=

Where:

Y - Output of the sensor (voltage level changing from 0 to 5V) X - Sensor input a - Sensor gain b - Sensor offset

The calibration process allows us to control the offset, and in some cases even the gain, of a sensor. The MultiLogPRO system offers four types of calibration:

• Hardware offset calibration

• MultiLogPRO automatic zero calibration

• MultiLab Sensor calibration

• Factory calibration (no manual calibration required)

1.3.1. Hardware Offset Calibration

On some of the sensors there is a screw controlling the sensor offset. To calibrate the sensor, rotate this screw until the sensor shows the correct measured value (obtain the actual correct value from another source that is known to be accurate).

1.3.2. MultiLogPRO Automatic Zero Calibration

MultiLogPRO is able to automatically calibrate the sensor offset for all analog sensors accurately, quickly, and for every new experiment conducted.

The calibration method is very simple. Whenever you plug in a sensor, the data logger checks to see if the selected sensor measures a value within ±2% of its zero value. If so, MultiLogPRO sets that value as zero.

1. To enable this feature, make sure that the sensors are at their zero values when you plug them in. To ensure the most accurate zero value: Shorten the Voltage sensor plugs.

2. Leave the Current sensor plugs open.

3. Cover the Light, Photo-Gate, and Microphone sensors.

4. Insert the pH sensor in a pH-7.0 solution.

5. Unload the Force Transducer.

6. Place the Accelerometer on a stationary surface.

7. Place the Temperature probes in ice water.

8. Place the Pressure sensor in a 1 ATM (1013 mb) chamber.

24 Chapter 1 MultiLogPRO

1.3.3. pH Temperature Compensation

To compensate a pH sensor for temperature changes, plug the temperature sensor into Input 1, and the pH sensor in Input 2. MultiLogPRO will then display the compensated pH value.

1.3.4. DO2 Calibration

To calibrate your DO2 sensor with the right salinity and altitude parameters, use the

Calibration command from the Configuration menu (see page 19)

1.3.5. MultiLab Sensor Calibration

The sensors can also be calibrated using the Calibrate Sensors option in MultiLab’s Logger menu. Please refer to section 2.5.6 for more information.

1.3.6. Factory Calibration (No Calibration Required)

All digital sensors that are essentially timers leave the factory fully calibrated, and do not suffer from any accuracy degradation. An example of such a sensor is the Sonic Ranger distance sensor, which measures the time passed from the transmission of a sound pulse to its echo reception.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 25

Chapter 2

MultiLab Software

2.1. Installing the Software

2.1.1. System Requirements

To work with MultiLab, your system should be equipped with the following:

1. Windows

Software

• Windows 98, ME, 2000 and XP

• Internet Explorer 5.0 or later (you can install Internet Explorer 5 when you

install MultiLab, since it ships with the product)

Hardware

• Pentium II 600 MHz or higher (Pentium 4, 1.6 GHz or higher is needed for video motion analysis recordings)

• 32 MB RAM (64 MB recommended)

• 10 MB available disk space for the MultiLab application (50 MB to install the

supporting applications)

• Free serial or USB port

• To work with the video window your system should be equipped with a video

camera, a free USB port and a compatible camera driver (installation includes camera driver for the supplied Web camera)

• To be able to record and play voice comments your system should be equipped with a sound card, a microphone and a speaker

2. Mac OS

Software

• Mac OS 9 or Mac OS X

• Web browser

Hardware

• PowerPC Macintosh G3 300 MHz or higher

• 64 MB RAM

• 15 MB available disk space

• USB port

• Recommended requirements for video recordings:

PowerPC G4 processor, 500 MHZ or higher, 256 MB RAM, 15 MB free disk space, USB port, camera

• To be able to record and play voice comments your system should be equipped

with a microphone

26 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

2.1.2. MultiLab Installation

1. Windows OS (instructions based on WinXP)

Warning: Do not connect the supplied Web camera to the PC before you

install the MultiLab software.

Uninstalling MultiLab

Before installing your new version of MultiLab, uninstall any older versions of the program.

Note: Uninstalling MultiLab removes program files only. Project files and worksheets you created or modified in MultiLab will remain on your system and there is no need to create backups.

To uninstall MultiLab:

1. From the Start menu select Settings then click Control Panel.

2. Double click Add or Remove Programs.

3. Select MultiLab from the list of programs.

4. Click Remove.

5. In the following dialog box, click Yes to confirm that you want to remove MultiLab.

6. When uninstall is complete you will be prompted to restart the computer. Select Yes.

To install MultiLab:

1. Close all programs.

2. Insert the CD labeled MultiLab into your CD-ROM drive.

3. The installation process will begin automatically and you will be prompted to install MultiLab. Click Next to continue the installation.

Note: If auto run is not working, open My Computer and click on the CD drive folder (d: drive in most cases) and double-click on the setup icon, then proceed as above.

4. Enter user name and company name in the Customer Information window. Select the type of user for whom the application should be installed. It is recommended to install for all users. Click Next.

5. In the Choose Destination Location window, the default folder where MultiLab will be installed is C:\Program Files\Fourier Systems\MultiLab\. Click Browse to change this folder location, or click Next. MultiLab installation will proceed

6. When MultiLab (and associated components) installation is complete, the Install Wizard will then install the D-Link Web cam

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 27

driver. After this installation is complete, you are prompted to restart the computer. It is recommended to restart the computer now. Select

Yes, I want to restart my computer now and click Finish.

Note: If you are reinstalling MultiLab after removing an older version, the camera

driver is already installed on your system. In this case, the Install Wizard prompts you to confirm the removal of the driver. Click Cancel to keep the camera driver on your system.

Note to Windows 2000 or XP users: MultiLab needs to modify its folder when running. Ask your System Administrator for permission to gain access to all files in the MultiLab folder.

Note: When you plug in the supplied Web camera for the first time, Windows will automatically detect the new device and open the Found New Hardware Wizard. Follow the on-screen instructions. When prompted, select the Install software automatically option (there is no need to insert the installation CD).

Windows will automatically detect and install the necessary software

To install the USB driver:

You will need to install a USB driver in order for the MultiLogPRO to communicate with your PC via a USB port.

On Windows XP

1. Connect your data logger to a USB port on your PC and turn the data logger on. Windows will automatically detect the new device and open the Found New Hardware Wizard.

2. Select No, not this time to prevent Windows from searching for software on the Internet, then click Next.

3. Insert the MultiLab installation CD into your CD drive. Select the

Install Software Automatically (Recommended) option. Click Next.

4. Windows will automatically detect and copy the necessary files to your system. Click Finish.

5. Windows will open the Found New Hardware Wizard for a second time. Click Next.

6. Select No, not this time to prevent Windows from searching for software on the Internet, then click Next.

7. Windows will automatically install the necessary components on your system. Click Finish.

On previous Windows versions

1. Insert the CD labeled MultiLab into your CD drive. If installation begins automatically (and you have already installed MultiLab), click Cancel to stop installation.

28 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

2. Connect MultiLogPRO to a USB port on your PC and turn MultiLogPRO on. Windows will automatically detect the new device and open the Found New Hardware Wizard.

3. Select Specify the location of the driver, then click Next.

4. Select Search for the best driver for your device, then check the Removable Media checkbox, and then click Next.

5. Windows will automatically detect and copy the necessary files to your system. Click Finish.

6. Windows will open the Found New Hardware Wizard for the second time. Click Next to complete the installation.

7. Windows will automatically install the necessary components on your system. Click Finish.

To install the Nova5000 driver:

You will need to install the Nova5000 driver in order for MultiLab for PC to communicate with the Nova5000 data logger via a USB port.

You will need to install the Nova5000 drivers from the Nova5000 software CD or from the MultiLab v1.4.11 Installation CD.

On Windows XP

1. Connect the Nova5000 to a USB port on your PC and turn the unit on. Windows will automatically detect the new device and open the Found New Hardware Wizard.

2. Select No, not this time to prevent Windows from searching for software on the Internet, then click Next.

3. Select the Install from a list or specific location (Advanced) option. Click Next.

4. Select the Include this location in the search option and browse to the Nova Drivers folder in the MultiLab software folder, either on your Nova5000 CD or MultiLab installation CD. Windows will automatically detect and copy the necessary files to your system. Click Finish.

5. Windows will automatically install the necessary components on your system. Click Finish.

2. Mac OS

1. Insert the CD into your CD drive.

2. Open the CD drive folder and double-click the MultiLab Installer icon, then follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation process.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 29

2.2. Overview

2.2.1. MultiLab On-screen Layout

MultiLab is a comprehensive program that provides you with everything you need in order to collect data from the MultiLogPRO, display the data in graphs, meters and tables, analyze it with sophisticated analysis tools and view online or recorded video movies of the actual experiment.

The Video Motion Analyzer module enables you to capture position and time from video movies and analyze the data with MultiLab’s analysis tools

The program includes four windows: A graph window, table window, video window and a navigation window called the Data Map. You can display all four windows simultaneously or any combination of the four.

The most commonly used tools and commands are displayed on three toolbars. Tools that relate to all aspects of the program and tools that control the MultiLogPRO are located in the main (upper) toolbar. Tools specific to the graphs are located on the graph toolbar and tools specific to the tables are located on the table toolbar.

Another useful feature is the Workbook. A workbook is a lab activity that gives the student a step-by-step preview of the activity and then automatically configures the MultiLab program and the sets up the MultiLogPRO so that the student can begin collecting the data. You can open an existing workbook or create a new one from the Workbook menu.

2.2.2. MultiLab Window Layout

Figure 5: MultiLab window layout

Data map

Graph window

Information bar

Video window

Table window

Table toolba

Main toolbar

Graph toolbar

30 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

2.2.3. Working with Projects

Every time you start a new experiment, MultiLab automatically creates a new project file. All the information you collect and process for a given experiment is stored in a single project file. Each of these files contain all the data sets you collect with the MultiLogPRO, the analysis functions you’ve processed, the video files you’ve recorded, specific graphs and tables you’ve created, and the MultiLab settings for the experiment.

Note: All data sets in a single project must be with the same sampling rate.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 31

2.3. Getting Started

2.3.1. Set up a Recording Session

1. Prepare MultiLogPRO

1. Connect MultiLogPRO to the PC (see page 4)

2. Turn on MultiLogPRO

Note: MultiLogPRO must be in PC communication mode (see page 18).

3. Plug in any external sensors

4. Open the MultiLab software

2. Enable Video Recording

Note: Do not plug in the PC camera before you have installed the camera driver (see

page 26 for installation instructions).

To display the video window and enable online video and video recording:

1. Connect the camera to the PC

Note: When you plug in the supplied Web camera for the first time Windows will automatically detect the new device and open the Found New Hardware Wizard. Follow the on-screen instructions. When asked, select the Install software automatically option (there is no need to insert the installation CD).

Windows will automatically detect and install the necessary software

2. Click Video on the menu bar, then click Enable video

MultiLab will remember the video settings until the next time you change them.

Note: if more than one video source is connected to your computer MultiLab will use the default source. To select another source click Video on the menu bar and click Select video device, then select the desired source from the drop list that opens and click OK.

3. Click Video on the main toolbar to display the video window.

4. Point the camera to the experiment setup.

32 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

3. Setup the MultiLogPRO

1. Click Setup Wizard

on the main toolbar

2. Follow the instructions in the Setup Wizard (see page 54)

4. Start Recording

Click Run

on the toolbar to start recording.

If the recording rate is 100 measurements per second or less, MultiLab automatically opens a graph window displaying the data in real time, plotting it on the graph as it is being recorded. If the recording rate is higher than 100/s, the data will be downloaded and displayed automatically once the data recording is finished.

You can stop recording anytime by clicking Stop

on the toolbar.

2.3.2. Data Recording Options

To set the behavior of the data display when you start a new recording session, click

on the down arrow next to the Run button

, and select one of the following:

1. Single Measurement

MultiLab will open a new project file every time you start a new recording session.

2. Replace

MultiLab will display the new data set in place of the old one. The project’s old data sets will still be available in the same project file. They will be listed in the Data Map and you can add them to the display at any time.

3. Add

MultiLab will add the new data set to the graph in addition to the old ones.

Note: A maximum of 8 data sets can be displayed on the graph at the same time.

2.3.3. Manual Sampling

Use this mode for:

• Recordings or measurements that are not related to time.

• Situations in which you have to stop recording data after each sample

obtained, in order to change your location, or any other logging parameter (Note: During the experiment no changes can be made to the MultiLogPRO’s configuration).

To start an experiment using manual data logging, set the rate to manual and click

Run

once to start the data recording, then press the Enter button each time

you want to collect a sample.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 33

You can also perform manual logging via MultiLogPRO (see page 20).

2.3.4. Online Video

MultiLab enables you to view online video of your experiment along with the data display, as well as to record video movies of the experiment and to replay them simultaneously with the data graph. You can also add voice comments to the video recordings.

To work with the video window your system should be equipped with a video camera. To be able to record and play voice comments your system should be equipped with

a sound card, a microphone and a speaker.

1. Online Video

The online video will start playing when you open the Video window. Click Video

on the main toolbar to display the video window and enable video (see page

31).

2. Recording

1. From the Video menu select Enable video

2. Click Record

on the right-hand side of the toolbar to start

video recording.

3. Click Run

to start data recording

4. Once the data logging has finished, click Stop Video Recording

5. Click Replay

to replay both the data graphing process the

video recording simultaneously.

Note: Saving the file will automatically save the video as well.

3. Replaying an Experiment

To simultaneously replay the video and the data graphing process of a saved file:

1. Open the file (see page 40)

2. Display the data on the graph (see page 51)

3. Click Replay

4. Video and Audio Properties

To set the video properties click Video on the menu bar, then click Video properties to open the video properties dialog box:

34 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

Figure 6: Video properties dialog box

Changing Video Quality

The video default quality is Normal; click another option to select either higher quality (12KBps) or lower quality (3KBps). Changing the video quality not only affects the image quality, but the recorded file space and the computer’s performance as well. A higher video quality means more disk space is used, which can slow down the computer’s performance.

Audio Visual Options

The default option is Audio_video. That means that both video and audio are enabled and you can record voice comments along with the video. If you plan to record video only, select the Video only option. If you plan to record voice comments only select the Audio only option.

2.3.5. Download Data

Whenever data is received from the MultiLogPRO, it is accumulated and displayed automatically by MultiLab. There are two modes of communication: Online and PostExperiment.

Online communication

When MultiLogPRO is connected to the PC and is programmed to run at sampling rates of up to 100/s, MultiLogPRO transmits each data sample immediately, as it is recorded, to the PC. The software thus displays the data in real-time in both the graph window and the table window.

When MultiLogPRO is connected to the PC and programmed to run at a sampling rate faster than 100 /s, data is accumulated in MultiLogPRO‘s internal memory but is not transmitted directly to the PC until the recording period has ended. Once the recording has ended, the data is automatically downloaded to the PC and displayed.

Off-line data logging

To download data that was recorded offline, or while MultiLogPRO was not connected to a PC, connect MultiLogPRO to the computer, run the MultiLab program

and click Download

on the toolbar. This will initiate the Post-Experiment Data Transfer communication mode. Once the transfer is complete, the data will be displayed automatically in the graph window and in the table window. If there are several experiments stored in the MultiLogPRO, the first download will bring up the

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 35

most recent experiment; the second download will bring up the earliest file, the third download will bring up the second earliest file, and so on.

To download a particular experiment, choose Selective Download from the Logger menu, then select the experiment’s number in the Download dialog box.

Click Cancel in the Download progress window at any time to stop downloading the data.

2.3.6. The Timer Module

MultiLab enables you to measure timing events with MultiLogPRO's Timer module (see page 13).

To use the photogates together with other sensors operate MultiLogPRO as a data logger and then analyze the photogates data with the aid of MultiLab's Timing Wizard (see page 90).

1. Working with the Timer Module Wizard

1. Connect MultiLogPRO to the computer

2. Connect one photogate to input 1 of MultiLogPRO or two photogates to inputs 1 and 2 (according to the event method)

3. Click Logger on the menu bar, then click Timer Module Wizard to open the Timer module wizard:

4. Click an option to select measurement: Time, Velocity or Acceleration

5. Click Next to move to step 2 of the wizard:

36 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

6. Click an option to select the measuring method

7. If required enter the body’s width in mm (an integer between 0 to

59), or the distance between the gates in cm (an integer between 0 to 99) in the appropriate edit box (in velocity and acceleration measurements only)

8. Click Start to enter to a timing standby mode

Timing begins each time a body blocks the photogate in input 1 and ends when unblocking the photogate in input 1 or input 2 (according to the event method). MultiLab displays the results in a bar graph and in the table.

You can repeat as many measurements as you want. After each event MultiLab adds the results as a new bar in the graph and as a new raw in the table.

To exit the timing mode click Stop

on the main toolbar.

2. Measuring Methods

The Timing Wizard offers you various methods of analyzing the different measurements. In some measurements you will be asked to enter the dimension of the moving body, or the distance between the two photogates to allow for the calculation of velocity and acceleration.

The methods depend on the selected measurement:

Time

• At one gate Measures the time it takes the

body to cross the photogate (between blocking and unblocking the infrared beam)

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 37

• Between gates Measures the time it takes the

body to move from one photogate to the second photogate (between blocking the first and blocking the second infrared beams)

Velocity

• At one gate Measures the time it takes the

body to cross the photogate (between blocking and unblocking the infrared beam) and returns the velocity.

You should enter the body’s width in mm

• Between gates Measures the time it takes the

body to move from one photogate to the second photogate (between blocking the first and blocking the second infrared beams) and returns the average velocity.

You should enter the distance between gates in cm.

Acceleration

• Between gates Measures the crossing time at

the first gate, the time it takes the body to move from one gate to the second gate and the crossing time at the second gate and returns the average acceleration.

You should enter the body’s width in mm.

38 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

3. Time Schemes and Calculations

Time measurements

At one gate

Result:

ttt −=Δ

Between gates

Result:

ttt −=Δ

Velocity

At one gate

Required parameters: w – The body’s width

Result:

; ttt

v −=Δ

Input 1

Input 2

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 39

Between gates

Required parameters: L – The distance between gates

Result:

; ttt

v −=Δ

Acceleration

Between gates

Required parameters: w – The body’s width

Result:

tttt

−

−−+

=Δ

−

1234

;

Input 1

Input 2

Input 1

Input 2

40 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

2.3.7. Save Data

Click Save on the main toolbar to save your project. This will save all the data sets, graphs, tables and video movies under one project file.

Saving the project will also save any special formatting and scaling you did. If you made any changes to a previously saved project, click Save to update the

saved file or select Save as… from the file menu to save it under another name.

Note:

To delete a specific data set, a graph or table from the project, use the Data Map (see page 51).

To remove unwanted data from a specific data set, apply the crop tool (see page 90).

2.3.8. Open a File

1. Click Open on the main toolbar

2. Navigate to the folder in which the project is stored

3. Double click the file name to open the project

MultiLab opens the project and displays the first graph on the graph list. If the project does not include saved graphs, the file opens with an empty graph window. Use the Data Map (see page 51) to display the desired data set.

2.3.9. Create a New Project

There are three ways to create a new project:

1. Open the MultiLab program, which will open a new file each time.

2. When working in Single Measurement mode, a new project is opened every time you click on the Run button to start a new recording

3. Any time you click New button

on the toolbar.

2.3.10. Import Data

Any file that is in comma separated values text format (CSV) can be imported into MultiLab.

To import a CSV file:

1. Click File on the menu bar, then click Import CSV file

2. In the dialog that opens, next to Look in, navigate to the drive and folder that contains the CSV file

3. Select the file

4. Click Open

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 41

Tips: To create a text file in a spreadsheet:

1. Open a new spreadsheet

2. Enter your data according to the following rules:

a) The first row should contain headers. Each header includes

the name of the data set and units in brackets, e.g. Distance (m).

b) The first column should be the time. The time interval between

successive rows must match the time intervals accepted by MultiLab. You can export MultiLab files to Excel to learn about these time formats.

See for example the table below:

3. On the File menu, click Save As

4. In the File name box, type a name for the workbook

5. In the Save as type list, click the CSV format

6. Click Save

To import files that were previously exported from MultiLab open MultiLab and import the file as described above as they are already in CSV format.

2.3.11. Print

1. Print a Graph

1. Click Print

on the main toolbar.

2. Select the Graph 1 option (when in split graph mode you can choose between Graph 1 and Graph 2).

3. Click Print to open the print dialog box.

4. Click OK.

MultiLab will print exactly what you see in the graph display.

2. Print a Table

1. Click Print

on the main toolbar.

2. Select the Table option.

42 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

3. If you want to print only a specific range, uncheck the Print all data check box and type the desired row numbers into the To and From edit boxes

4. Click Print to open the print dialog box.

5. Click OK.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 43

2.4. Viewing the Data

2.4.1. Display Options

The MultiLab program screen consists of four parts: Graph window, table window, video window and Data Map window. You can display all four parts simultaneously (the default view) or any combination of the four.

The graph window is the main window by default and is and displayed in the center of the application window. To specify other window as the main window:

1. Click View on the menu bar, then click View selection to open the View selection dialog box:

Figure 7: View selection dialog box

2. Check the checkbox next to any window you’d like to include in the view.

3. Click the window display type you want.

4. Click OK.

In addition to these sections, you have the option to display an on-screen meter for each of the sensors (see page 51).

2.4.2. Graph Display

Click Graph to display or hide the graph. The default graph display is the data set or sets plotted vs. time, but you can change the X-axis to represent any of the individual data sets (see page 46).

The graph usually displays all the data sets of a given recording, but you can use the Data Map to remove one or more of the sets from the graph (see page 51).

In order to keep the graph clear and simple, only two Y-axes are shown on the graph at once. If there are three curves in the graph, one of the Y-axes is hidden. To make this axis visible, select the corresponding plot with the cursor (see section 2 below).

You can identify the Y-axis by its color, which matches the plot color.

44 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

1. Split Graph View

MultiLab enables you to display your data in two separate graphs within the graph window.

1. Click Split graph

on the graph toolbar to split the graph

window into two separate graphs

2. Click Edit graph

on the graph toolbar to open the Edit graph

dialog box

3. Choose which data sets to display on each of the graphs (or use the Data Map to do so – see page 51).

4. To return to the single graph display, click Split graph

second time.

2. The Cursor

You can display up to two cursors on the graph simultaneously. Use the first cursor to display individual data recording values, to select a curve or to

reveal the hidden Y-axis. Use two cursors to display the difference between two coordinate values or to select

a range of data points.

To display the first cursor:

Double click on an individual data point or click 1

Cursor on the graph toolbar. You can drag the cursor with the mouse onto any other point on the plot, or onto a different plot. For finer cursor movements use the forward and backward keys on the keyboard.

The coordinate values of the selected point will appear in the information bar at the bottom of the graph window.

To display the second cursor:

Double click again anywhere on the graph area or click 2

Cursor on the graph

toolbar. The information bar will now display the difference between the two coordinate

values. If the x-axis is time 1/dt will also be displayed.

To remove the cursors: Double click anywhere on the graph area, or click 1

Cursor a second time.

To remove the 2nd cursor: Click 2nd Cursor a second time.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 45

To display the cursors in split graph mode:

To display the cursors on the upper graph, use the same method as for single graph mode.

To display the cursors on the lower graph, you must first remove them from the upper graph and then double click anywhere on the lower graph to display the first cursor. Double click a second time to display the second cursor, and double click a third time to remove the cursors.

3. Zooming

To zoom in to the center of the graph

1. Click Zoom in

on the graph toolbar.

2. To reverse the operation, click Zoom out

on the graph toolbar.

To zoom in to a specific data point

1. Select the point with the cursor (see above).

2. Click Zoom in

on the graph toolbar.

3. To reverse the operation click Zoom out

on the graph toolbar.

To zoom in to a range

1. Select the range with both cursors.

2. Click Zoom in

on the graph toolbar.

3. To reverse the operation click Zoom out

on the graph toolbar.

To zoom in to a specific area

Click Zoom to selection

on the graph toolbar and drag the cursor diagonally to select the area you want to magnify. Release the mouse button to zoom in to the selected area.

Click Zoom to selection a second time to disable the zoom tool.

Autoscale

Click Autoscale

on the graph toolbar to view the full data display, or double click

on an axis to auto scale that axis alone.

Manual scaling

1. Click Graph properties

on the graph toolbar to open the Graph

properties dialog box.

2. Select the Scale tab, and choose the axis you want to scale in the Select axis drop list.

46 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

3. Uncheck the Autoscale check box and enter the new values in the edit box

4. Click OK.

To manually scale a specific axis, right click on the axis to open its Properties dialog box.

To restore auto scaling click Autoscale

The Stretch/Compress Axis tool

Move the cursor onto one of the graph axes. The cursor icon changes to the double arrow symbol (

↔), indicating that you can stretch or compress the axis scale. Drag

the cursor to the desired location. Repeat the procedure for the other axis if necessary.

Double click on the axis to restore auto scaling.

4. Panning

Use the pan tool after zooming in to see any part of the graph that is outside the zoomed area.

To do this, click Pan

on the graph toolbar, then click anywhere on the graph and

drag the mouse to view another area. Click Pan a second time to disable the Pan tool.

5. Edit the Graph

Use the Edit graph dialog box to select which data sets to display on the graph’s Y-axis and to change the X-axis from time, to one of the data sets.

1. Click Edit graph

on the graph toolbar to open the Edit graph

dialog box:

Figure 8: Edit graph dialog box

2. To select a data set to display on the Y-axis, click on the data set’s name in the Y-axis list. To display more than one curve, click on the data sets you want.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 47

3. A list entry that begins with an Experiment (Exp.) number denotes a recorded data set. A list entry that begins with an input number denotes the next recording and will be displayed on the graph the next time you start a recording.

4. To deselect a data set, click on it a second time.

5. To select a data set for display on the X-axis, click on the data set’s name in the X-axis list. You can only select one data set at a time for the X-axis.

6. Type in the title of the graph in the Graph title edit box (optional).

7. Click OK.

6. Format the Graph

You can change the data line’s color, style and width. You can also add markers that represent the data points on the graph and format their style and color.

The color of the Y-axis matches the corresponding plot’s color and will automatically change with any change made to the color of the corresponding plot.

1. Click Graph properties

on the graph toolbar to open the Graph

properties dialog box.

2. Select the Lines tab, and then select the plot or axis you want to format in the Select plot drop list.

3. From here you can format the line’s color, style and width, as well as the markers’ color and style. To remove the line or the marker, uncheck the corresponding Visible check box.

4. Click OK.

5. To restore the default formatting, click Restore default.

7. Change the Graph’s Units and its Number Format

1. Click Graph properties

on the graph toolbar to open the graph

properties dialog box

2. Select the Units tab, and then select the plot or axis you want to format in the select plot drop list.

3. Choose the prefix option you want.

4. Select the desired number of decimal places.

5. To display numbers in scientific format, check the Scientific check box.

6. Click OK.

48 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

8. Add Annotations to the Graph

You can add annotations to the graph. An annotation is always connected to a certain data point.

To view annotations:

Click Graph on the menu bar and then select Show annotation (this option is usually selected by default)

To add an annotation:

1. Place a cursor on the desired point

2. Click Add new annotation

on the graph toolbar to display the

new annotation caption edit box

3. Type in the text, then click OK

To move an annotation:

1. Click Move annotation

on the graph toolbar

2. Click on the annotation you want to move, then drag if to the new position

3. Click Move annotation

a second time to exit the move

annotation mode

To edit an annotation:

1. Place a cursor on the point to which the annotation is connected

2. Click Graph on the menu bar, then click Edit annotation

3. Edit your annotation, then click OK

To delete an annotation:

1. Place a cursor on the point to which the annotation is connected

2. Click Graph on the menu bar, then click Delete annotation

To hide all annotations:

Click Graph on the menu bar and then click Show annotation to uncheck it.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 49

9. Add a Graph to the Project

MultiLab displays new data in the graph window every time you start a new recording. You can always display previous data using the Edit graph dialog box or by double-clicking on the data’s icon in the Data Map. If you want to save a graph that you created to your project, or to update a saved graph with changes you made, use the Add to project tool:

Click Add to project

on the graph toolbar.

2.4.3. The Table Display

Click Table to display or to remove the table window. When you start a new recording, MultiLab displays the new data on the table. To add or remove columns from the table, use the Edit table tool (see below).

1. Editing Data Values

You can change the value of any data point. When any value is changed, MultiLab automatically creates a copy of the data set and leaves the original data unchanged. To do this:

1. Select a data cell by clicking on it

2. Type in the new value

3. Press Enter on the keyboard to accept (you can also press Tab or the arrow keys to accept and move to the next cell).

2. Editing the Table

To add or remove data sets from the table:

Click Edit table

on the table toolbar to open the Edit table dialog

box:

Figure 9: Edit table dialog box

50 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

To add columns to the table:

1. Select one or more of the data sets from the Available Columns list.

2. Click Add.

To remove columns from the table:

1. Select one or more of the data sets from the Current Columns list.

2. Click Remove.

3. Click OK.

3. Formatting the Table

Changing column width

Drag the boundary on the right side of the column heading until the column is the desired width.

Changing row height

Drag the boundary below the row heading until the row is the desired height.

Formatting the fonts

1. Click Table properties

on the table toolbar.

2. Select the Font tab.

3. Format the font, as well as the font style and size.

4. Click OK.

Changing units and number format

1. Click Table properties

on the table toolbar.

2. Select the Units tab, and then select the plot you want to format from the select plot drop list.

3. Choose the prefix option you want.

4. Select the desired number of decimal places.

5. To display numbers in scientific format, check the Scientific check box.

6. Click OK

4. Add a Table to the Project

MultiLab displays new data in the table window every time you start a new recording. You can always display previously recorded data using the Edit table dialog. If you want to save a table that you created to your project, or to update a saved table with changes you made, use the Add to project tool:

Click Add to project

on the table toolbar.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 51

2.4.4. Meters

MultiLab enables you to view data in meters format on the screen (one meter for each sensor), with up to four meters showing at once. The meters can display live data while MultiLab is recording, or saved data when a saved file is replayed.

When a cursor is displayed, the meter shows the measured values that correspond to the time of the point at which the cursor is positioned.

There are three meter types: analog, bar and digital. The meter’s scaling automatically matches the graph’s scaling.

To set up the meters:

1. Click Meter Setup

on the main toolbar:

2. Select the meter type, and the data set to be displayed.

3. A list entry that begins with a graph number denotes a displayed data set. A list entry that begins with an input number denotes the next recording, and will be displayed on the meter the next time you start a recording.

4. Repeat this procedure for up to four meters.

5. To remove the meters click Meter Setup

, and click Remove

all.

2.4.5. Data Map

Click Data Map to display or remove the Data Map. The data map is a separate window that displays the list of data sets that were

recorded or downloaded in the current session, as well as the lists of all the saved graphs and tables. Use the Data Map to navigate through the available data sets and to keep track of the data that is displayed in the graph window.

1. Control the Display with the Data Map

The items in the Data Map are sorted into three main categories:

• Data sets (including analysis functions)

• Saved graphs

• Saved tables

Double click on a category to bring up the full list. Double click a second time to collapse the list. You can also use the plus (+) and minus (-) signs next to the icons to expand or collapse the categories.

The Data sets list expands to sub-categories of experiments and functions. To display the complete list of measurements, or the complete list of analysis functions performed on the measurements for any individual experiment, double click the experiment’s icon or click the plus sign (+) next to it.

To collapse a list under an individual experiment, double click the experiment’s icon or click the minus sign (-) next to it.

To display a data set or a saved graph in the graph window, or to display a table in the table window, double click its icon. Double click a second time to remove it.

52 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

You can also use a shortcut menu to display or remove a data set from the graph. Simply right-click an icon, then click display on graph #1 or display on graph #2.

To delete an individual item from the Data Map and from the project, right-click on its icon and click Delete. To permanently delete the item, click Save

on the main

toolbar.

To remove all data sets from the Data Map, right-click the Data sets icon

and click

Clear All Data.

2. Understanding Data Map Icons

Data sets list

Functions – includes all the analysis functions of the project

Individual function – Currently not on display

Individual function – Currently displayed on graph 1

Individual function – Currently displayed on graph 2

Individual function – Currently displayed both on graphs 1 and 2

Function Experiment – Includes all recorded data of the experiment

Individual data set – Currently not on display

Individual data set – Currently displayed on graph 1

Individual data set – Currently displayed on graph 2

Individual data set – Currently displayed both on graphs 1 and 2

Data recorded without video Data recorded with video List of saved graphs

Saved graph – Data sets vs. time Saved graph – Data sets vs. data set

Graph currently not on display

Graph currently displayed on graph 1

Graph currently displayed on graph 2

Graph currently displayed both on graphs 1 and 2

List of saved tables

Saved table

Table not currently displayed

Table currently displayed

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 53

2.4.6. Export Data to Excel

Click Export to Excel on the graph toolbar to export the displayed data to Excel. MultiLab will then open a new Excel workbook displaying the data.

1. Export File Settings

If MultiLab fails to export the data properly, try to change the export file settings:

1. Click File on the menu bar, then click Export file settings

2. Check the Ignore regional settings check box

3. Click OK

2.4.7. Copy the Graph as a Picture

You can copy the graph to the clipboard as a picture and then paste it to other Windows programs such as Word or PowerPoint:

1. In the Graph menu, click Copy graph

2. Open the destination file

3. In the destination file, right click and select Paste

54 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

2.5. Programming MultiLogPRO

2.5.1. Setup

1. Quick Setup

Use the Setup wizard to guide you through the setup process.

1. Click Setup wizard

on the main toolbar to open the setup

wizard:

Figure 10: Setup wizard step 1 of 3

The first step is to assign sensors to each input. If you are working with MultiLogPRO in Auto ID mode, the sensors are selected automatically as you plug them in to the MultiLogPRO. Otherwise, you can manually select the sensors you are using from the corresponding input drop lists.

2. Click Next to move to the second step:

Figure 11: Setup wizard step 2 of 3

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 55

3. Select the desired recording rate in the Select rate drop list.

4. Select the Scroll option if you want the graph window to scroll as the data recording progresses.

5. Select the desired data recording mode in the Select recording mode drop list.

6. Click Next to move to the third step:

Figure 12: Setup wizard step 3 of 3

7. Select the desired length of the recording period in the Select recording time drop list. The recording period is displayed as a unit of time by default. To display the recording period as the number of recording samples, select the By samples option. The number of samples is calculated with the following formula:

Total recording samples

Recording periodRecording rate

8. To start the data recording only when a specific time or measurement condition has been met click Triggering to open the triggering dialog box (see page 58).

9. Click Finish to complete the setup and to send the setup command to the MultiLogPRO.

2. Defining Sensor Properties

Some of the sensors can produce more than one measurement. For example, the distance sensor measures distance, but MultiLab also calculates the velocity and acceleration of the measured body in real-time. MultiLab automatically displays the basic measurement of distance, but enables you to display any combination of distance, velocity and acceleration. Other sensors may only give one measurement, but can display the data in different units. For example, the acceleration sensor can display the acceleration in multiples of the gravity acceleration, or in the standard unit

56 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

The Distance and Force sensors properties include definition of the positive direction and the distance sensor properties enable online averaging as this sensor is comparatively noisy.

You can define the properties of each sensor individually in the first step of the Setup wizard, or by selecting Calibrate sensors from the Logger menu.

1. Click Setup Wizard

on the main toolbar to open the Setup

wizard

2. Click Properties

next to the input you want to set.

3. Click the check boxes next to the desired measurements.

4. To change more properties, click the corresponding tab at the top of the dialog box

5. Click OK.

3. Setting the Zero Point of a Sensor

MultiLab enables you to rescale some sensors and to set the current readings to

zero for subsequent loggings. This feature applies to the following sensors:

• Distance

• Force

• Magnetic field

• Light sensors

• Pressure sensors

To set the current readings of a sensor to zero:

1. Click Setup Wizard

on the main toolbar to open the Setup

Wizard

2. Click Properties

next to the input you want to set

3. Click the Set Zero tab

4. Check the Set the current reading to zero check box

5. Click OK

6. Click Finish

MultiLab takes a single measurement and set the reading to zero.

To change the zero point:

1. Click Setup Wizard

on the main toolbar to open the Setup

Wizard

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 57

2. Click Properties next to the input you want to set

3. Click the Set Zero tab

4. Click Reset zero

5. Click OK

6. Click Finish

To return to the default zero point:

1. Click Setup Wizard

on the main toolbar to open the Setup

Wizard

2. Click Properties

next to the input you want to set

3. Click the Set Zero tab

4. Uncheck the Set the current reading to zero check box

5. Click OK

6. Click Finish

4. Presetting the Display

You may want to define the graph’s settings, such as formatting and scaling the graph and selecting the axes, and to define the meters’ settings prior to beginning a recording session. You can define the settings of each sensor input individually in the first step of the Setup Wizard:

1. Click Setup Wizard

on the main toolbar to open the Setup

Wizard.

2. Click Properties

next to the input you want to set.

3. Click the Display properties tab.

4. Select a measurement from the Select measurement drop list.

5. Select the graph or graphs in which you would like to display the data, from the Display on graph drop list.

6. Select a meter in the Meter type drop list if you want to display the data in a meter as well as on the graph.

7. Format the line and markers in the Plot section.

8. If you want a specific scale, uncheck the Auto scale check box and enter the desired minimum and maximum values of the axis.

9. Click OK.

58 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

5. Presetting the Graph’s X-axis

1. Click X-Axis display properties in the first step of the Setup Wizard to open the dialog box:

Figure 13: X-axis properties dialog box

2. Select the graph you wish to modify.

3. Select the measurement you’d like to display on the X-axis.

4. If you want a specific scale, uncheck the Auto scale check box and enter the minimum and maximum values of the axis.

5. Click OK.

6. Triggering

To start the data recording only when a specific time or measurement condition has been met, click Triggering in step 3 of the Setup Wizard to open the triggering dialog box:

Figure 14: Triggering dialog box

1. Select the triggering sensor in the Based on sensor drop list.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 59

2. Choose one of the following from the Type options:

a) None - Trigger is disabled

b) Above level - Start logging only once the measured

value is higher than the trigger level.

c) Below level - Start logging only once the measured

value is lower than the trigger level.

d) Event Recording - This function enables you to

record the exact time and date at which a certain phenomenon occurs: The trigger level set for this option is actually a threshold setting. Each time the threshold is crossed, MultiLogPRO will record the exact time and date of the occurrence, and will continue to do so until the desired number of samples has been obtained.

Note: The trigger acts on analog measurements only (not on the distance sensor). The trigger condition must be fulfilled for at least 300μS.

e) Control Level - The control level trigger allows you to

create an automatic sense & control system. This means that you can connect a sensor measuring a certain phenomenon (for example, temperature) and connect a device that will start operating when the recorded data from the sensor falls above or below a certain level (for example, a fan that will start operating when the temperature measured by the sensor rises above 30°C). This function requires the use of a splitter cable and a control sensor. The cable divides each input into a sensor cable and a controller cable. After setting the control level and starting the data logging process, the sensor will sample and record the data as usual. However, when the measurement from the sensor rises above the predetermined threshold value, the controller cable will send a pulse of 5V to the control sensor, and will continue to do so until the sensor measures a value below the threshold level. When receiving the 5V pulse, the control sensor will close/open a relay capable of switching 110/220V to any load.

f) Time delay - This trigger type enables you to set a

timer that will start the logging after a predetermined amount of time. After setting the trigger to Timer Delay, click the down arrow on the Level combo-box, and select from the 17 different time options. The timer will start its countdown when you click RUN, and the actual recording will start once the countdown has ended.

Select the trigger level in the Level drop list.

60 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

4. Click OK.

Note: When you turn off MultiLogPRO, it will save the setup for the next session.

2.5.2. Start Recording

Click Run on the main toolbar. Click the down arrow to change the recording mode.

2.5.3. Stop Recording

Click Stop on the main toolbar.

2.5.4. Clear MultiLogPRO’s Memory

To erase all experiment data currently stored in the MultiLogPRO, click Clear memory in the Logger menu.

2.5.5. Edit MultiLogPRO’s Experiment Notes

1. Connect MultiLogPRO to the PC.

2. Select Edit notes from the Logger menu to open the Notes dialog box with the MultiLogPRO’s current experiment’s notes downloaded to the window.

Figure 15: Edit experiment notes dialog box

3. From this dialog box, you can edit, delete, or write new notes.

Note: An experiment note is limited to 140 characters and a maximum of 5 notes can be stored in MultiLogPRO at any time.

4. Use the arrow buttons to move to the next note, or to the previous one.

5. Click OK to upload the edited notes to MultiLogPRO.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 61

2.5.6. Calibrating the Sensors

MultiLab enables you to calibrate any of the sensors manually. This calibration is much more accurate than the calibration performed by MultiLogPRO. With MultiLab, you can calibrate the sensor using two points instead of the one point automatic offset calibration used by MultiLogPRO:

1. Connect MultiLogPRO to the PC.

2. Select the Calibrate sensors option from the Logger menu

3. Choose a sensor from the Select sensor drop list and click OK

4. Click the Calibration tab.

5. Enter a distinct real value in each of the Real Value edit boxes and the corresponding measured values in each of the Measured Value edit boxes (The measured values are the values displayed by MultiLab when measuring the two real values.

6. Click OK

The calibrated sensor parameters will be saved, so there is no need to calibrate MultiLogPRO every time you run the MultiLab program.

To reset to the default calibration for any sensor, select the sensor and click Restore defaults.

2.5.7. Define a Custom Sensor

Ordinarily, you will not need to use this option, but MultiLab enables the user to define additional custom sensors. This is a useful tool for when MultiLogPRO is communicating with many sensors from different vendors.

Any additional sensor that you would like to connect to MultiLogPRO must comply with the following restrictions:

• The sensor’s output must be greater than or equal to 0V and less than or equal to 5V. Remember that all sensors transform actual data into electrical data, so the electrical output should remain between 0 and 5 volts.

• The sensor Transfer Function (sensor output voltage changes vs. the sampled phenomenon changes) must be a linear Transfer Function.

• The sensor must have a code resistor in order to be automatically identified. If the sensor does not have a code resistor, you will have to work in 8 inputs mode and select the sensor manually.

To determine whether your sensor has a code resistor or not, simply plug it in to MultiLogPRO (while in Auto ID mode) and see if MultiLogPRO displays the setup menu and the sensor name.

Refer to the appendix to learn how to add a code resistor to your custom sensor. To define a new sensor:

1. Connect MultiLogPRO to the PC.

2. Select Define new sensor from the Logger menu to open the Define new sensor dialog box:

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Figure 16: Define new sensor dialog box

3. Click Add New Sensor

4. Type in a sensor name and a sensor unit

5. Type in two calibration values (two real values and the corresponding output voltages of the sensor).

6. Click OK.

2.5.8. Communication Setup

MultiLogPRO communicates with the MultiLab software via a serial or USB communication port. Some users may find it difficult to select the correct port, in which case MultiLab can perform an automatic port selection, and can also report on the status of all available ports.

Automatic COM Port recognition

The computer may have several communication ports. One of these ports is usually available for external communication. It is not necessary to know which port is available, since MultiLab will find it for you:

1. Connect the communication cable from data logger to one of the computer COM port connectors.

2. Turn on the data logger and open the MultiLab software.

MultiLab automatically attempts to communicate with the data logger. Once communication is established, MultiLab reports the connection in the status bar at the bottom of the application window.

If communication fails:

Working in Windows OS

1. Select Comm Setup from the Logger menu. MultiLab will display a dialog box reporting what COM ports are already in use, and which port is recommended for use with MultiLogPRO:

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 63

Figure 17: Communication setup dialog box (Windows)

2. Click Try to connect and MultiLab will try to communicate with MultiLogPRO. If communication is achieved, MultiLab will designate the selected port as MultiLogPRO’s communication port.

You can override the MultiLab recommendation and choose the COM port yourself by clicking the check box button to the left of the desired port, and clicking Try to

connect.

Note: In the event of any communication malfunction, please refer to

3.1:

Troubleshooting Guide.

3. You can click Work offline if you wish to work without MultiLogPRO. While working offline, you can still open saved files to view and analyze them.

Working in Mac OS

1. Select Comm Setup from the Logger menu. MultiLab will display a dialog box listing the available ports:

Figure 18: Communication setup dialog box (Mac OS)

2. Select a port from the menu list.

3. Click Try to connect and MultiLab will try to communicate with the data logger. Once communication is established, MultiLab reports the connection in the status bar at the bottom of the application window.

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4. Click Cancel if you wish to work without the data logger. While working offline, you can still open saved files to view and analyze them.

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2.6. Analyzing the Data

2.6.1. Reading Data Point Coordinates

Position the cursor (see page 44) on a point to display its coordinates on the information bar at the bottom of the graph window.

If more than one curve is displayed, and you want to read the Y- coordinates of all of the curves simultaneously, bring up digital meters (see page 51) for each of the curves. When you position a cursor on one curve, the meters will show the corresponding Y-coordinates for the other curves.

2.6.2. Reading the Difference between two Coordinate Values

Position one cursor on the first point, and a second cursor on the second point to display the difference between the two coordinate values on the information bar at the bottom of the graph window.

2.6.3. Working with the Analysis Tools

The analysis tools can only be applied to data sets that are displayed in the graph window.

1. Use the cursors (see page 44) to select the graph and the data range to which you want to apply the analysis.

2. Select the analysis function you wish to use.

The analysis function will be added onto the graph, with the exception of the smoothing (averaging) function, which will replace the original data set.

To measure and analyze time events with photogates use the Timing Wizard (see page 90).

2.6.4. Smoothing

The smoothing tool is very useful in reducing random noises, especially if you want to apply any analysis functions to the data. The smoothing process replaces every data point with the average of its neighboring points.

1. Use the cursor to select the graph that you want to smooth.

2. Click More smoothing

on the graph toolbar.

3. You can repeat the procedure to further smooth the data.

4. Click Less smoothing

to reduce the amount of smoothing.

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2.6.5. Statistics

Use the statistics tool to display statistics of a selected data set or a range of data. The statistics include:

Average The average of all the numbers in the range

Median The median is the number in the middle of a set of numbers; that is, half

the numbers have values that are greater than the median, and half have values that are less. If there is an even number of numbers in the set, then Median calculates the average of the two numbers in the middle

StDev. The standard deviation

Minimum The smallest value in the range

Maximum The largest value in the range

Sum Adds all the numbers in the range

Area The area between the graph and the x-axis in the range

Samples The number of data points in the range

Rate The recording rate

To display statistics:

1. Use the cursors to select the graph and the data range to which you want to apply the statistics.

2. Click Analysis on the menu bar, then click Statistics.

MultiLab will open a statistics window and will display the results in it.

2.6.6. Most Common Analysis Functions

1. Linear Fit

Click Linear Fit

on the main toolbar to draw a line of linear least square fit

baxy +=

and to display the line’s equation.

Note: If you want the automatic curve fit equation to start at

0=t

, apply the crop tool

before applying the linear fit (see page 90).

2. Derivative

Click Derivative

on the main toolbar to construct a graph in which each point is

the slope of the 3 consecutive points on the source graph.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 67

3. Integral

Choose Integral from the Analysis menu to construct a graph in which each point is the integral of all the preceding points on the source graph.

2.6.7. The Analysis Wizard

1. Using the Analysis Wizard

The analysis wizard will guide you through the various analysis functions available in the MultiLab program. The analysis functions are grouped into three main categories: curve fit (regression), averaging, and mathematical and trigonometric functions.

To apply an analysis function to a data set:

1. Use the cursors to select the graph or data range to which you would like to apply the analysis (optional – you can select the desired data set directly from the Analysis Wizard).

2. Click Analysis Wizard

on the main toolbar.

3. Click a category tab:

a) Curve fit

b) Averaging

c) Functions

2. Curve Fit

Figure 19: Analysis wizard – curve fit

1. Select a fit type by clicking its icon (If you choose polynomial fit, select the order you want).

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2. If you use the cursor to select a data set, it will be highlighted in the Based on data set list, but you have the option of selecting a different data set.

3. Type a name in the Name box (optional - the default name includes both the function and the data set names).

4. Click the Show equation on graph check box to display the line’s equation on the information bar.

5. Click the Show R

on graph check box to display the correlation

coefficient on the information bar.

6. Click OK.

Note: If you want the automatic curve fit equation to start at

0=t

, apply the crop tool

before any type of curve fitting (see page 90).

3. Averaging

Figure 20: Analysis wizard – averaging

1. If you use the cursor to select a data set, it will be highlighted in the Based on data set list, but you have the option of selecting a different data set.

2. Select an averaging option (if you choose custom averaging, choose the number of averaging points in the Points box).

3. Enter a name in the Name box (optional - the default name include both the function and the data set names).

4. Select an Open option.

5. Click OK.

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4. Functions

Figure 21: Analysis wizard – functions

1. Select a function from the Functions list. MultiLab displays the function’s formula at the bottom of the dialog box.

2. If you use the cursor to select a data set, it will be highlighted in the

G1 drop list, but you have the option of selecting a different data set.

Tip: To create a function whose independent variable is time (e.g. to fit a

mathematical function to a data series), select a time series from the G1 drop list. If there are several plots on the graph the list includes a separate time series for each plot as the number of data point may vary from plot to plot.

3. If the analysis function involves two data sets, select the second data or time series set from the G2 drop list.

4. To synchronize the Y – Scale with one of the plots on the graph, check the Synchronize scale with checkbox and select the appropriate plot from the adjacent drop list.

5. Enter a constant in each of the A, B and C boxes (optional, the default values are one for a coefficient and zero for a free term).

6. Enter a name in the Name box (optional – the default name includes both the function’s formula and the data set name).

7. Enter a unit (optional).

8. Select an Open option.

9. Click OK.

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5. Editing a Function

MultiLab enables you to edit the functions parameters as well as its name and units after you have displayed it on the graph. The Edit function command is enabled for all the analysis functions created in the current session and is disabled when you open a stored file.

To edit the function:

1. Right click the function's icon in the Data Map to open a context menu

2. Click Edit function to open the Function dialog

3. Enter the new parameters

4. Click OK

2.6.8. Available Analysis Tools

This section includes a brief description of each of MultiLab’s analysis functions. For time, velocity and acceleration analysis see also the Timing Wizard on page 90.

1. Curve Fit

Linear

baxy +=

Draws a line of linear least square fit.

Polynomial

axaxay +++=

−L1

Draws a line of polynomial least square fit (you must select an order between 1 and 6.)

Power

y =

Draws a line of power least square fit.

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Exponential

aey =

Draws a line of exponential least square fit.

MultiLab displays the curve fit equation and the correlation coefficient (R

) on the

information bar below the graph.

2. Averaging

The average function replaces every point with the average of n neighboring points from both sides of the point.

Low averaging:

5=n

, Medium averaging: 11=n , High averaging: 41=n .

3. Functions

In the formulas below, G

and G2 represent selected data sets or time series, and A,

B and C are constants that you can enter.

Absolute

BGAy =

Draws a line of the absolute values of a data set.

Add

BGAGy +=

Draws a line of the addition of two data sets.

Arccosine

)arccos(1BGAy =

Draws a line of the arccosine values of a data set (in radians). Arccosine is the angle whose cosine is

BG . The argument 1BG

must be between –1 and 1.

Arcsine

)arcsin(1BGAy =

Draws a line of the arcsine values of a data set in radians. Arcsine is the angle whose sine is

BG . The argument 1BG must be between –

1 and 1.

Cosine

)cos(

CBGAy +=

Draws a line of the cosine values of a data set. The argument

CBG +

must be expressed in radians.

Delta Y

)0(

=−= tGGy

Draws a line of the difference between the Y-coordinate of every point and Y-coordinate of the first point. Use this function to move the data set along the Y-axis so that the point will intersect the Y- axis at the origin.

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Derivative

ratesampling

=Δ

−

−+

Draws a line of the slopes of every three consecutive points of a data set. For high recording rates and small Δt, this line may be very noisy, which is why smoothing the data set is recommended before applying the derivative function.

Divide

y =

Draws a line of the division of two data sets

Envelope (lower)

Lower envelope of G

with tolerance of A points

Draws a line that connects the minimum values of a data set. The tolerance defines the minimum distance (in sampling points) between two minima, so that the envelope function is able to ignore random noises.

Envelope (upper)

Upper envelope of G

with tolerance of A points

Draws a line that connects the maximum values of a data set. The tolerance defines the minimum distance (in sampling points) between two maxima, so that the envelope function will be able to ignore random noises.

Exp.

CAey

Draws a line of

e raised to the power of a data set.

Fourier transform

Discrete Fourier transform of G

Draws a line of the amplitudes of the harmonics of Fourier transform vs. frequency.

Frequency

The frequency of G1 (minimum of A points in one cycle).

Draws a line of the frequency of a periodic data set vs. time. The constant A defines the minimum data points in one cycle.

Integral

tGBAy Δ∑+=

Draws a line in which each point is the discrete integral of all the preceding points in a data set.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 73

Kinetic energy

)(

GAy =

Draws a line of the kinetic energy of a data set. The argument

must be the velocity of the body, and the constant

C must be the

mass of the body.

Linear

BAGy +=

Draws a line of a linear displacement of a data set. This function is useful when you want to change the point of origin of a data set.

)ln(1BGAy =

Draws a line of the natural logarithm of a data set. The argument

BG must be positive.

Log

)(log

110

BGAy =

Draws a line of the logarithm of a data set to base 10. The argument

must be positive.

Multiply

BGAGy ⋅=

Draws a line of the multiplication of two data sets

Quadratic

CBGAGy ++=

Draws a line of the quadratic form of a data set.

Reciprocal (1/X)

y +

Draws a line of the reciprocal values of a data set.

Sine

)sin(

CBGAy +=

Draws a line of the sine values of a data set. The argument

CBG +

must be expressed in radians.

Square (X

)

)(BGAy =

Draws a line of the squares of a data set.

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Square root

CBGAy +=

Draws a line of the square root values of a data set: The argument

GC must be greater than or equal to zero.

Subtract

BGAGy −=

Draws a line the subtraction of two data sets.

Tan

)tan(

CBGAy +=

Draws a line of the tangent values of a data set. The argument

CBG +

must be expressed in radians.

2.6.9. Online Analysis

MultiLab enables you to analyze data from a live experiment and to display the analysis function in the graph window, as the data is being recorded and processed.

To execute online analysis, you will first have to use the Analysis Wizard to define the function to be used, and then edit the graph in order to display the function (see page 46).

For example, here is how to set up an online envelope (amplitude) function of data, recorded with a Voltage sensor connected to Input 1:

1. Click Analysis Wizard

on the main toolbar to open the

Analysis Wizard dialog box:

Figure 22: Analysis Wizard – online functions

2. Select Envelope (upper) from the Functions list.

3. Select Input 1: Voltage from the G1 drop list.

4. Click OK.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 75

5. Click Edit graph on the graph toolbar to open the Graph edit dialog box:

Figure 23: Using graph edit dialog to display online functions

6. In the Y-Axis list click Input 1: Voltage to select it and then click Online function: Envelope (upper) to select it.

7. If there are other highlighted data sets in the Y-Axis list, deselect them by clicking on them.

8. Click OK.

9. Click Run

on the main toolbar to start recording. MultiLab will display the original data readings coming from Input 1, as well as the data processed by the analysis function:

Figure 24: Online envelope function

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The online analysis function will still be active in subsequent recordings. To remove the online functions, click Analysis on the menu bar and then click Clear

online functions.

2.6.10. Manual Curve Fitting

The manual curve fit tool enables you to draw a mathematical curve, to change the curve’s parameters until it fits into data set, and to display the resulting equation. There are four types of mathematical curves you can draw:

Linear

BAty +=

Draws a straight line.

Quadratic

CBtAy +−=

)(

Draws a parabola.

Exponential

CAey

Draws an exponential line.

Power

CAty

Draws a line of the time raised to the power of a number from –5 to 5.

Note: If you want the curve fit equation to start at

0=t

, apply the crop tool before

any type of curve fitting (see page 90).

To apply manual curve fit:

1. Click on the Analysis menu, then click Manual curve fit to display the Manual curve fit dialog box.

2. To select a data set for display on the X-axis, click on the data set’s name in the X-axis list.

3. To select a data set to display on the Y-axis, click on the data set’s name in the Y-axis list.

4. Click OK. MultiLab will display the Manual curve fit toolbox at the bottom of the graph window:

Figure 25: Manual curve fit toolbox

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5. Choose one of the four curves by clicking its icon in the toolbox.

6. Use the sliders to change the A, B and C parameters until the new curve fits the sampled curve.

7. The lower and upper limits of each sliding bar are located on the sliding bar’s left and right ends, respectively. You can change the limit values by clicking a limit box, and typing in your new value.

MultiLab will display the resulting equation on the information bar at the bottom of the toolbox.

8. Click Add to project

in the toolbox to add the curve to the

project.

9. To close the manual curve fit toolbox click Exit

in the toolbox.

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2.7. Video Motion Analyzer

2.7.1. Overview

MultiLab’s Video Motion Analyzer enables you to capture position and time from video movies, convert this to data sets and analyze the data with all of MultiLab’s analysis tools the same way you would analyze data from the data logger. You can capture one-body motion or two-body motion. You can select the origin and rotate the coordinate system.

With the Video Motion Analyzer you can also capture video movies either directly from video camera connected to the computer or from an external video source such as VCR.

2.7.2. Getting Started

1. Video Motion Analyzer Basics

Open the Video Motion Analyzer module

Click Video Analysis

on the main toolbar

Open a movie from MultiLab’s movie library or capture a new movie

Capture position and time

• Scaling – Scale the video to the real world dimensions

• Coordinate system – Set origin and axes direction

• Step – Set the number of frames you will capture position and time

• Marking – Mark the position of the body on the frames. MultiLab will

automatically convert it to numerical data

Analyze the data

The captured data is automatically displayed in the graph and table windows. Analyze it as you would normally with MultiLab’s projects.

2. Saving a New Movie

1. After you have finished capturing a new video movie, click Analyze

movie

to begin capturing position and time

2. MultiLab prompts to save the movie

3. Type a name in the File name box and click Save

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 79

3. Opening a Stored Movie

1. Click Video Analysis

on the main toolbar

2. Click Open Movie

on the Video Motion Analyzer toolbar (lower

toolbar)

3. Double click the movie you want to open

4. Saving a Video Motion Analyzer Project

1. Click Save

on the main toolbar

2. Type a name in the File name box and click Save

5. Opening a Video Motion Analyzer Project

1. Click Video Analysis

on the main toolbar

2. Click Open

on the main toolbar

3. Double click the Project you want to open

2.7.3. Capturing a New Movie

There are two basic options for capturing video onto your computer from:

• A device attached to your computer

• An external source through a video capture board

1. From a Device Attached to your Computer

From a device attached to your computer (such as a Web cam), you can capture video directly from the camera to your computer. Web cams are intended primarily to feed video over some connection (the Internet, for example). They generally produce lower video quality. With a Web cam, you can only record when the Web cam is attached to the computer. If quality and versatility are not your main concern, this may be the best solution for you.

To capture video from a Web cam:

1. Connect the Web cam to the computer

2. Click Video on the menu bar, then click Enable video

3. Click Video Analysis

on the main toolbar to open the Video

Motion Analyzer module

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4. Click Capture new movie on the Video Motion Analyzer toolbar

5. To begin recording click Record

on the Capture new movie

toolbar

6. To finish recording click Stop

7. Click Analyze movie

to begin capturing position and time

MultiLab prompts to save the movie before processing it.

2. From an External Source through a Video Board

Many video capture boards offer video-in/video-out features. A video capture card can be used with a wide variety of video sources and through a number of digital connections. Video from a VCR or video camera can be captured through video-out ports.

To capture video from a videotape through a VCR:

1. Insert the tape into the VCR. Go to the point you want to capture and then stop the tape.

2. Find the video-out on the back of the VCR and connect one end of the appropriate cable. Connect the other end of the cable to the video-in on your video capture board.

3. Click Video on the menu bar, and then click Enable video.

4. Click Video Analysis

on the main toolbar to open the Video

Motion Analyzer module.

5. Click Capture new movie

on the Video Motion Analyzer

toolbar.

6. To begin capturing click Record

on the Capture new movie

toolbar.

7. Play the video. Make sure that you start the video after you start the capture to make sure nothing gets cut off from the beginning.

8. To finish capturing stop the VCR and click Stop

9. Click Analyze movie

to begin capturing position and time.

MultiLab prompts to save the movie before processing it.

2.7.4. Capturing Position and Time

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 81

1. Scaling

In order to scale your project you must tell MultiLab the real world dimensions. When you film a new movie make sure to measure the dimension of a dominant object in the frame. Try to find an object that's dimensions are in the magnitude of the whole scene.

Scaling is done in two steps – you need to mark the object in the video frame and to type in the real dimensions:

1. Click scale

on the Video Motion Analyzer toolbar to open the

Scale dialog:

2. Click one end of the scaling object.

3. Click the body’s other end.

MultiLab will display two markers on the points you clicked.

4. You can drag the markers to change their position.

5. Type in the body’s actual dimension in the Actual dimension edit box (in cm).

6. Click OK.

You can change the scaling anytime by clicking Scale

and repeating the

procedure.

2. Set Coordinate System

To set the coordinate system you must specify the origin position and the x axis direction. You can do it either by a click of the mouse or by entering it manually to the coordinate system dialog.

Unless you specify otherwise MultiLab will use its default: the origin is in the lower left side of the frame and the axes are parallel to the window’s sides.

Set origin

1. Click Set origin

on the Video Motion Analyzer toolbar to open

the Coordinate system dialog:

82 Chapter 2 MultiLab Software

2. Click a point in the frame where you want the origin to be

MultiLab automatically updates the X and Y origin coordinates edit boxes and moves the axes on the frame to the new origin.

3. You can move the origin by clicking another point in the frame

4. You can enter the origin coordinates manually by typing them in the corresponding edit boxes (in pixels)

5. You can type in the x axis direction (in degrees) in the X axis direction edit box

6. Click OK

Set X-axis direction

1. Click Rotate origin

on the Video Motion Analyzer toolbar to

open the Coordinate system dialog:

2. Click a point in the frame where you want the x axis to be placed.

MultiLab automatically updates the X axis direction edit box and rotates the axes on the frame to the new direction.

3. You can keep rotating the axes by clicking another point in the frame

4. You can type in the x axis direction (in degrees) in the X axis direction edit box

5. You can change the origin coordinates by typing them the X and Y origin coordinates edit boxes (in pixels)

6. Click OK

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 83

You can change the coordinate system origin and direction anytime by clicking Set

origin

or Rotate origin and repeating the procedure.

3. Set Step

In the marking process, MultiLab automatically steps the video to the next frame every time you click to add a marker.

To change the step to more then one frame at a time:

1. Click Video analysis on the menu bar and click Frame transition to open the Frame transition dialog:

2. In the Step edit box, type in the number of frames you want MultiLab to advance in one step

3. Click OK

4. Mark the Video

One-body motion

1. Click Play

on the Video Motion Analyzer toolbar and observe

the motion

2. Decide what will be the marking point – the exact point on the moving object that you want to mark

Tip: Try to choose a clear and sharp point that is visible throughout the entire movie

3. Click Go to first to roll the film back to the beginning

4. Click Next frame

until you reach the frame with which you want

to start the capture

5. Click the marking point on the moving object

MultiLab automatically marks the point on the screen and creates two new data sets (one for x coordinates and one for y coordinates). It then adds the point’s coordinates and time to the corresponding data sets and updates both the graph and the table, then automatically moves to the next frame

Note: You don’t see the mark because the display had already moved to the next frame.

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6. Continue clicking the marking point on every frame until you capture all the data you need or until the video doesn’t step anymore.

Observe that the graph and table are updated with each mouse click.

Note: In order for MultiLab to automatically move to the next step after one mouse click, the Consecutive option in two-body motion must be selected (the default option)

Two-body motion

Use the left mouse button to mark the first body and the right mouse button to mark the second body.

You can mark two-body motion in two ways: simultaneously or consecutively. In the simultaneous method you mark the two bodies alternately on every step of the marking process. In the consecutive method you finish marking the whole motion of the first body and then repeat the process with the second body.

Simultaneous marking

1. Click Video Analysis on the menu bar, point to Two-body motion, then click Simultaneous

2. Proceed as in one body motion except that in step 5 right click to mark the first body and left click to mark the second body

MultiLab waits for both right and left mouse clicks before moving to the next frame

3. Keep clicking alternately with the right and left mouse button at every step

Consecutive marking

1. Click Video Analysis on the menu bar, point to Two-body motion, then click Consecutive

2. Proceed as in one body motion until you finish marking the first body

3. Click Go to first

to roll the film back to the beginning

4. Click Next frame

until you see a marker on the first body

5. Right click the second body to mark it

6. Keep right clicking on every step to mark the second body’s track

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Viewing markings

You can view the markings frame by frame. You can also view the markings on the video in parallel with the graph’s cursor so that the marker and the cursor are synchronized.

To view just the markings:

Use the Next frame

and Previous frame buttons on the Video Motion

Analyzer toolbar to view the desired frame.

To view the markings in parallel with the cursor:

1. Display the cursor on the graph.

MultiLab automatically displays the corresponding frame with the marker.

2. To scroll through the frames you can either use the Next frame

and Previous frame

buttons on the Video Motion Analyzer toolbar or drag the cursor on the graph or use the left and right arrow keys on the keyboard.

Editing the data

You can change the position of the marker at a specific frame. MultiLab will automatically update the corresponding point in the data set

1. Display the frame you want to edit

2. Click and drag the marker to the new position

Erasing markings

You can erase a marker from a specific frame. MultiLab will automatically delete the corresponding point in the data set

1. Display the frame you want to edit

2. Click Delete point

on the Video Motion Analyzer toolbar

3. Click the marker

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5. Changing the Colors of the Marker and the Axes

1. Click Color settings

on the Video Motion Analyzer toolbar to

open a dialog:

2. Select the desired colors

3. Click OK

To restore default colors click Restore defaults.

2.7.5. Analyzing the Data

Once you have finished capturing position and time you can apply MultiLab’s analysis tools to the data. MultiLab converts the body’s track into two data sets X position (x coordinates) and Y position. By default the two data sets are displayed in the graph as a function of the time, but you can use the edit graph tool to display the track (Y vs. X).

In Video Motion Analyzer mode the video is usually displayed in the main window. To display the graph in the main window select View selection from the View menu.

Before applying analysis functions you may find it helpful to smooth the data with the smoothing tool on the graph toolbar.

At anytime you can change the origin and direction of the coordinates system You can also change the coordinates of individual points by relocating them on the

video frame.

Chapter 2 MultiLab Software 87

2.8. Workbook

2.8.1. Working with Workbook

The Workbook is an online library of experiment manuals called worksheets, that appear in the format of a Web page. Each worksheet includes an experiment template that automatically configures both MultiLab and MultiLogPRO at the push of a button. To begin recording, all you need to do is click Run.

Every time you run an experiment from a worksheet, MultiLab opens a new project file with the same predefined setup.

You can use Fourier-produced worksheets, or create your own. You can also modify Fourier’s existing worksheets to meet your own specifications.

2.8.2. Opening a Worksheet

1. Click Workbook on the menu bar, and then click Open worksheet.

2. Navigate to the folder in which the worksheet is stored.

3. Double click the file name to open the worksheet.

Figure 26: Worksheet

4. Follow the on-screen instructions and use the scroll bar, hyperlinks and the Back and Forward buttons to navigate throughout the document.

5. Click Launch to configure MultiLab and MultiLogPRO.

6. Click Close to return to MultiLab.

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7. Click Run on the main toolbar to begin recording.

2.8.3. Create Your Own Worksheet

Creating a worksheet consist of two steps. First, create an HTML document using your HTML editor (For example, Word or Front Page). This file should include the Lab manual and the experiment instructions (see below). The second step is to use the MultiLab software to create a configuration file, which is a file that will store the specific settings you wish to define for the experiment. These include the MultiLogPRO setup, MultiLab’s layout, the recording mode, the graph format desired, special preset graph scaling, sensors measurement etc.

1. Create an HTML Document with Word

Create a new Web page

1. Open Word.

2. In the File menu, click New.

3. Do one of the following:

• On the General tab, click Web Page to open a blank Web page.

• On the Web Pages tab, click the template that you would like to

base your Web page on.

4. Enter your texts and pictures.

5. Click Save on the toolbar.

6. Navigate to C:\Program Files\Fourier Systems\MultiLab\Workbook.

7. Click Save.

Create a Web page from an existing Word document

1. Open the existing file with Word

2. In the File menu, click Save as Web Page

3. Navigate to C:\Program Files\Fourier Systems\MultiLab\Workbook.

4. Click Save

2. Create a Configuration File

1. Open the MultiLab program.

2. Click Workbook on the menu bar, and then click create new worksheet.

3. Double click the file you want to configure to open it:

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Figure 27: Creating a worksheet

4. Click Enter experiment settings to open the Setup wizard.

5. Use the Setup Wizard to preset MultiLab and MultiLogPRO just as with the normal setup process (see page 54).

6. When you’ve finished entering the settings, click Finish to update the worksheet.

7. Click OK.

8. Click Close.

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2.9. Special Tools

2.9.1. Predicting

The Predict tool enables you to draw predictions directly on the graph, prior to displaying the real data:

1. Click Run

on the main toolbar to start recording.

2. Click Pause/Continue

on the graph toolbar to freeze the

graph.

Data transmitted from the MultiLogPRO while the graph is frozen, is stored onto the PC but is not displayed.

3. Click on the end of the curve and move the mouse according to your predictions. Click to draw a straight-line segment. Move the mouse again and click where you want the second segment to end, and so on.

4. Click Add prediction

on the graph toolbar to create another

prediction.

5. Click Pause/Continue

a second time to resume live data

display and to compare your predictions with the real data.

2.9.2. The Timing Wizard

1. Overview

The Timing Wizard enables you to easily measure and calculate many types of time events, including velocity and acceleration with one or two photogates.

Connect one photogate to input 1 or connect two photogates to input 1 and input 2 in MultiLogPRO and perform the experiment. The Timing Wizard will then guide you through the analysis.

With the Timing wizard you can measure sequences of time events at gate one and/or at gate two, or time events between the two gates. MultiLab can then calculate the velocity and acceleration. Special options make it easy to measure velocities in collisions and the time period of a pendulum or any other oscillating body.

The Timing Wizard can handle multiple events. For example, when a body is crossing a photogate several times, applying the Timing Wizard will result in a series of measurements that match the number of crossings.

Note: If you wish to measure fast timing events with photogates only use MultiLogPRO's accurate timer module (see page 35).

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2. Working with the Timing Wizard

1. Display the data that you wish to analyze in the graph window.

2. Click Analysis on the menu bar, then click Timing Wizard to open step 1 of the Timing Wizard dialog:

3. Click an option to select measurement: Time, Velocity or Acceleration

4. Click Next to move to step 2:

5. Click an option to select the measuring method

6. If required enter the body’s width, or the distance between the gates in cm in the appropriate edit box (in velocity and acceleration measurements only)

7. Click Finish to display the results

8. If you want to change the method or measurement, click Back to return to the Timing Wizard. To exit the Timing Wizard click OK

Fourier MultiLogPRO, MultiLab User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual