Fluke Calibration PG9000 Operation and Maintenance Manual

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PG9000™

Piston Gauge

Operation and Maintenance Manual

 Warning

To prevent possible electrical shock, fire, or personal injury:

 Read all safety Information before you use the product.  Use the product only as specified, or the protection supplied by the

product can be compromised.

 High-pressure liquids and gases are potentially hazardous. Energy stored

in these liquids and gases can be released unexpectedly and with extreme force. High-pressure systems should be assembled and operated only by personnel who have been instructed in proper safety practices.

 Use only the main power cord and connector approved for the voltage and

plug configuration in your country and rated for the product.

 Make sure the ground conductor in the main power cord is connected to a

protective earth ground. Disruption of the protective earth could put voltage on the chassis that could cause death.

 Replace the main power cord if the insulation is damaged or if the

insulation shows signs of wear.

 Do not put the product where access to the main power cord is blocked.  Do not use and disable the product if it is damaged.  Use this product indoors only.

form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written p ermission of Fl uke Cali bratio n, 4 765 East Beautiful Lane, Phoenix, Arizona 85044-5318 USA.

Fluke Calibration makes sincere efforts to ensure the accuracy and quality of its published materials; however, no warranty, expressed or implied, is provided. Fluke Calibration disclaims any responsibility or liability for any direct or indirect damages resulting from the use of the information in this manual or products described in it. Mention of any product or brand does not constitute an endorsement by Fluke Calibration of that product or brand. This manual was originally composed in English and was subsequently translated into other languages. The fidelity of the translation cannot be guaranteed. In case of conflict between the English version and other language versions, the English version predominates.

Fluke Calibration, DH, DHI, PG9000, PG9607, CalTool and COMPASS are trademarks, registered and otherwise, of Fluke Corporation.

Swagelok is a registered trademark of the Swagelok Company. Krytox is a registered trademark of the Dupont de Nemours Company.

Products described in this manual are manufactured unde r international patents and one or more of the following U.S. patents: 6,701,791, 5,142,483, 5,257,640, 5,331,838, 5,445,035. Other U.S. and international patents pending.

Document No. 3782240 100820 Printed in the USA

Table of Contents ................................................................. III

Tables .................................................................................. V

Figures ................................................................................ VI

About This Manual ............................................................... VII

1. Introduction ..................................................................... 1

1.1 Product Overview ................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Specifications ......................................................................................................................................... 2

1.2.1 General Specifications ............................................................................................................................. 2

1.2.1.1 AMH Automated Mass Handler (Optional) .............................................................................................. 3

1.2.1.2 Embedded Features ............................................................................................................................... 3

1.2.1.3 Ambient and Instrument Condition Measurements ................................................................................. 4

1.2.2 Piston-Cylinder Assembly (PC-9607-5) ................................................................................................... 5

1.2.3 Mass Sets ................................................................................................................................................. 5

1.2.4 Pressure Measurements (PG9607) .......................................................................................................... 5

1.3 Front and Rear Panels ........................................................................................................................... 6

1.3.1 Terminal Front and Rear Panels .............................................................................................................. 6

1.3.1.1 PG Terminal Front Panel ........................................................................................................................ 6

1.3.1.2 PG Terminal Rear Panel ........................................................................................................................ 6

1.3.2 Remote Electronics Module Rear Panel ................................................................................................. 7

1.3.3 Base Rear Panel ....................................................................................................................................... 8

2. Installation ....................................................................... 9

2.1 Unpacking And Inspection .................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.1 Removing From Packaging ..................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.1.1 Platform ................................................................................................................................................. 9

2.1.1.2 Manual Mass Set ................................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.1.3 Piston-Cylinder Assembly (PG9607) .................................................................................................... 10

2.1.1.4 Vacuum Reference Hardware (Optional) .............................................................................................. 10

2.1.1.5 AMH Automated Mass Handler (Optional) ............................................................................................ 10

2.1.1.6 AMH Mass Set (Optional) ..................................................................................................................... 10

2.1.2 Inspecting Contents ............................................................................................................................... 11

2.1.2.1 Platform ............................................................................................................................................... 11

2.1.2.2 Mass Set .............................................................................................................................................. 12

2.1.2.3 Piston-cylinder Assembly ..................................................................................................................... 13

2.1.2.4 Vacuum Reference (Optional) .............................................................................................................. 14

2.1.2.5 Automated Mass Handler (Optional) ..................................................................................................... 15

2.2 Site Requirements ................................................................................................................................ 15

2.3 Setup ..................................................................................................................................................... 17

2.3.1 Preparing for Operation ......................................................................................................................... 17

2.3.1.1 Setting Up the Platform ........................................................................................................................ 17

2.3.1.2 System Pressure Interconnections ....................................................................................................... 17

2.3.1.3 Setting Up A Manual Mass Set ............................................................................................................. 18

2.3.1.4 Setting Up An AMH Automated Mass Handler (Optional) ..................................................................... 19

2.3.1.5 Setting Up an AMH Mass Set ............................................................................................................... 20

2.3.1.6 Setting Up Vacuum Reference Hardware (Optional) ............................................................................. 22

2.3.2 Installing and Removing a PG9607 Piston-Cylinder Assembly ........................................................... 23

2.4 Power Up And Verification .................................................................................................................. 26

2.4.1 Powe r Up ................................................................................................................................................ 26

2.4.2 Check That On-board Piston-Cylinder Module And Mass Set Information Are Correct .................... 26

2.4.3 Set Local Gravity Value ......................................................................................................................... 26

2.4.4 Setup Pressure Equation Variable Input Sources ................................................................................ 26

2.4.5 Check Proper Operation Of Ambient Condition Measurements ......................................................... 27

2.4.6 Apply Pressure To The Piston-Cylinder Module .................................................................................. 27

2.4.7 Check Proper Behavior Of Motorized Piston Rotation ........................................................................ 28

TABLE OF CONTENTS

2.4.8 Check Proper Operation Of Piston Behavior Measurements .............................................................. 28

2.4.9 Verify Vacuum Reference ...................................................................................................................... 28

2.4.10 AMH Start Up/Verificati on ...................................................................................................................... 29

2.4.11 Check Automated Pressure Generation (If Present) ............................................................................ 30

2.4.12 Check/Set Security Level ....................................................................................................................... 30

2.4.13 Additional Precautions to Take Before Making Pressure Measurements .......................................... 31

2.5 Short Term Storage .............................................................................................................................. 31

3. General Operation ........................................................... 33

3.1 Fundamental Operating Principles ..................................................................................................... 33

3.2 Keypad Layout And Protocol .............................................................................................................. 34

3.3 Sounds .................................................................................................................................................. 35

3.4 Pressure Ready/Not Ready Indication ................................................................................................ 35

3.4.1 Piston Position Ready/Not Ready ......................................................................................................... 36

3.4.2 Piston Rotation Ready/Not Ready ......................................................................................................... 36

3.4.3 Vacuum Reference Ready/Not Ready ................................................................................................... 37

3.5 Piston Position ..................................................................................................................................... 37

3.6 Manual Mass Loading .......................................................................................................................... 38

3.7 AMH Mass Loading .............................................................................................................................. 40

3.7.1 Operating Principals .............................................................................................................................. 40

3.7.2 AMH Operation ....................................................................................................................................... 42

3.7.2.1 Installing an AMH Mass Handler on the PG9000 Platform .................................................................... 43

3.7.2.2 Removing a Mass Handler from the PG9000 Platform ......................................................................... 45

3.7.2.3 AMH Mass to Pressure or Pressure to Mass Operation ............................................................................ 45

3.7.2.4 Direct Control of AMH Functions .......................................................................................................... 46

3.7.2.5 Making and Breaking Reference Vacuum with AMH ............................................................................. 46

3.7.2.6 Accessing the PG9000 Piston-Cylinder Module with AMH .................................................................... 46

3.7.2.7 AMH Indicator LED .............................................................................................................................. 47

3.7.2.8 AMH Error Messages ........................................................................................................................... 47

3.8 Controlled Clearance Pressure (PG9607)........................................................................................... 49

3.9 Main Run Screen .................................................................................................................................. 50

3.10 General Function/Menu Flow Chart .................................................................................................... 51

3.11 Direct Function Keys............................................................................................................................ 51

3.11.1 Direct Function Keys Summary ............................................................................................................ 51

3.11.2 [P-C] ........................................................................................................................................................ 52

3.11.3 [UNIT] ...................................................................................................................................................... 53

3.11.3.1 Customizing Pressure Units Available Under the UNIT Function .......................................................... 54

3.11.4 [MODE] .................................................................................................................................................... 55

3.11.4.1 Differential Measurement Mode ............................................................................................................ 56

3.11.5 [SYSTEM] ................................................................................................................................................ 63

3.11.5.1 First System Run Screen...................................................................................................................... 64

3.11.5.2 Second System Run Screen ................................................................................................................ 64

3.11.5.3 Third System Run Screen .................................................................................................................... 65

3.11.6 [AMBIENT] .............................................................................................................................................. 66

3.11.7 [HEAD] .................................................................................................................................................... 67

3.11.8 [ROTATE] ................................................................................................................................................ 69

3.11.8.1 <2Pre-Decel> ....................................................................................................................................... 70

3.11.9 [GEN] (Optional) ..................................................................................................................................... 71

3.11.9.1 <2target>.............................................................................................................................................. 73

3.11.9.2 <3raise> ............................................................................................................................................... 73

3.11.9.3 <4UL> .................................................................................................................................................. 73

3.11.9.4 <5tol> ................................................................................................................................................... 73

3.11.9.5 <6refloat> ............................................................................................................................................. 74

3.11.10 [RES] ....................................................................................................................................................... 74

3.11.11 [ENTER/SET P] From Run Screen ......................................................................................................... 76

3.11.11.1 [ENTER/SET P] In Pressure To Mass Mode ........................................................................................ 77

3.11.11.2 [ENTER/SET P] In Mass To Pressure Mode ........................................................................................ 78

3.11.11.3 Commands for zero pressure, ending a test ......................................................................................... 79

3.11.12 [P OR M] ................................................................................................................................................... 79

3.11.13 [ ] and [ ], [←] .................................................................................................................................. 80

3.12 [SETUP] Menu ....................................................................................................................................... 81

3.12.1 <1select> ................................................................................................................................................ 82

3.12.2 <2view> ................................................................................................................................................... 83

3.12.3 <3edit> .................................................................................................................................................... 84

3.13 [SPECIAL] Menu ................................................................................................................................... 86

3.13.1 <1PC/MS> ............................................................................................................................................... 87

3.13.1.1 Create a Piston-Cylinder Module .......................................................................................................... 88

TABLE OF CONTENTS

3.13.1.2 Edit a Piston-Cylinder Module .............................................................................................................. 90

3.13.1.3 View a Piston-Cylinder Module ............................................................................................................. 90

3.13.1.4 Delete a Piston-Cylinder Module .......................................................................................................... 91

3.13.1.5 Select The Active Piston-Cylinder Module ............................................................................................ 91

3.13.1.6 Add a Mass Set .................................................................................................................................... 92

3.13.1.7 Edit a Mass Set .................................................................................................................................... 96

3.13.1.8 View a Mass Set .................................................................................................................................. 96

3.13.1.9 Delete a Mass Set ................................................................................................................................ 96

3.13.1.10 Select Mass Set ................................................................................................................................... 96

3.13.1.11 Add a Mass Loading Bell ...................................................................................................................... 97

3.13.1.12 Edit a Mass Loading Bell ...................................................................................................................... 98

3.13.1.13 View a Mass Loading Bell .................................................................................................................... 98

3.13.1.14 Delete A Mass Loading Bell ................................................................................................................. 99

3.13.1.15 Select A Mass Loading Bell .................................................................................................................. 99

3.13.2 <2presU> ................................................................................................................................................ 99

3.13.3 <3head> .................................................................................................................................................. 99

3.13.3.1 <3head>, <1fluid> ...............................................................................................................................100

3.13.3.2 <3head>, <2unit> ................................................................................................................................101

3.13.3.3 <3head>, <3atm> ................................................................................................................................101

3.13.3.4 <3head>, <4piston> ............................................................................................................................101

3.13.4 <4prefs> .................................................................................................................................................102

3.13.4.1 <4prefs>, <1ScrSvr> ...........................................................................................................................102

3.13.4.2 <4prefs>, <2sound> ............................................................................................................................102

3.13.4.3 <4prefs>, <3time> ...............................................................................................................................103

3.13.4.4 <4prefs>, <4ID> ..................................................................................................................................103

3.13.4.5 <4prefs>, <5level> ..............................................................................................................................104

3.13.5 <5remote> ..............................................................................................................................................106

3.13.5.1 COM1, COM2, COM3 and COM4 (RS232) .........................................................................................107

3.13.5.2 IEEE-488.............................................................................................................................................107

3.13.5.3 RS232 Self Test ..................................................................................................................................108

3.13.5.4 External Barometer (RPM) Communications (COM2) ..........................................................................108

3.13.5.5 External Vacuum Gauge Communications (COM2) .............................................................................110

3.13.6 <6gl> ......................................................................................................................................................112

3.13.7 <7cal>.....................................................................................................................................................113

3.13.8 <8AMH> .................................................................................................................................................113

3.13.8.1 <2control>, <1up/down> ......................................................................................................................114

3.13.8.2 <2control>, <2discreet> .......................................................................................................................114

3.13.8.3 <2control>, <3loadall> .........................................................................................................................114

3.13.8.4 <2control>, <4unloadall> .....................................................................................................................115

3.13.9 <9reset> .................................................................................................................................................115

3.13.9.1 <9reset>, <1sets> ...............................................................................................................................115

3.13.9.2 <9reset>, <2units> ..............................................................................................................................116

3.13.9.3 <9reset>, <3com> ...............................................................................................................................116

3.13.9.4 <9reset>, <4cal> .................................................................................................................................116

3.13.9.5 <9reset>, <5setups> ...........................................................................................................................117

3.13.9.6 <9reset>, <6all> ..................................................................................................................................117

4. Remote Operation ......................................................... 119

4.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 119

4.2 Interfacing ........................................................................................................................................... 119

4.2.1 RS232 interface .....................................................................................................................................119

4.2.1.1 COM1 .................................................................................................................................................119

4.2.1.2 COM2, COM3 and COM4 ...................................................................................................................120

4.2.2 IEEE-488 (GPIB) .....................................................................................................................................120

4.3 Commands .......................................................................................................................................... 121

4.3.1 Command Syntax ..................................................................................................................................121

4.3.2 Command Summary .............................................................................................................................121

4.3.3 Error Messages .....................................................................................................................................123

4.3.3.1 AMH Errors .........................................................................................................................................124

4.3.4 Command descriptions ........................................................................................................................124

4.3.4.1 IEEE Std. 488.2 Common And Status Commands ..............................................................................124

4.3.4.2 PG9000 Commands ............................................................................................................................126

4.4 Status System ..................................................................................................................................... 151

4.4.1 Status Reporting System ......................................................................................................................151

4.4.1.1 Status Byte Register............................................................................................................................151

4.4.1.2 Standard Event Register .....................................................................................................................153

TABLE OF CONTENTS

5. Maintenance, Adjustments And Calibration ..................... 155

5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 155

5.2 Platform ............................................................................................................................................... 156

5.2.1 Calibration/Adjustment Of On-board Measurement Funct ions ..........................................................156

5.2.1.1 Principles ............................................................................................................................................156

5.2.1.2 Barometric Pressure Sensor ...............................................................................................................156

5.2.1.3 Ambient Temperature sensor ..............................................................................................................157

5.2.1.4 Relative Humidity Sensor ....................................................................................................................158

5.2.1.5 Piston-Cylinder Module Temperature Sensors ....................................................................................158

5.2.1.6 Reference Vacuum Sensor (Optional) .................................................................................................160

5.2.2 Piston Position Detection Adjustment .................................................................................................160

5.2.3 Drive Belt Replacement ........................................................................................................................161

5.3 Piston-Cylinder Disassembly, Cleaning And Maintenance ............................................................ 162

5.3.1 Disassembly Of The PG9607 Piston Retaining Assembly ..................................................................163

5.3.1.1 Disassembly Procedure ......................................................................................................................163

5.3.1.2 Reassembly Procedure .......................................................................................................................164

5.3.2 Cleaning (Other Than PG9607) .............................................................................................................165

5.3.3 Cleaning (PG9607) ................................................................................................................................166

5.3.4 Recalibration .........................................................................................................................................167

5.3.4.1 Updating Piston-Cylinder Module Files ................................................................................................167

5.4 Mass Sets ............................................................................................................................................ 167

5.4.1 Cleaning .................................................................................................................................................167

5.4.2 Recalibration .........................................................................................................................................167

5.5 Reloading Embedded Software Into PG9000 Flash Memory .......................................................... 167

5.6 Disassembly And Reassembly Of PG9000 ....................................................................................... 168

5.6.1 Platform .................................................................................................................................................168

5.6.2 Terminal .................................................................................................................................................168

5.6.3 AMH Automated Mass Handler Removal .............................................................................................168

6. Troubleshooting............................................................ 169

6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 169

7. Appendix ...................................................................... 173

7.1 Conversion Of Numerical Values ...................................................................................................... 173

7.1.1 Pressure ................................................................................................................................................173

7.2 Defined Pressure Calculations .......................................................................................................... 173

7.2.1 Calculations ...........................................................................................................................................175

7.2.2 Fluid Heads ............................................................................................................................................176

7.2.2.1 Fluid Head Components ......................................................................................................................176

7.2.2.2 Overall Fluid Head Correction .............................................................................................................177

7.3 Glossary .............................................................................................................................................. 178

7.4 Limited Warranty And Limitation Of Liability ................................................................................... 180

Tables

Table 1. PG9607 Parts List ........................................................................................................................ 11

Table 2. Manual Mass Set Parts List (excluding 80 and 100 kg) ............................................................... 12

Table 3. Manual Mass Set Parts List (80 and 100 kg) ............................................................................... 12

Table 4. AMH-100 Mass Set Parts List ...................................................................................................... 12

Table 5. Mass Set Compositions ............................................................................................................... 13

Table 6. 50 mm Gas Piston-Cylinder Ass embly Parts List ........................................................................ 13

Table 7. PG9000 Vacuum Reference Hardware ....................................................................................... 14

Table 8. AHM-100-VAC Parts List ............................................................................................................. 15

Table 9. Drive Air Pressure Requirement by Mass Set ............................................................................. 16

Table 10. AMH Errors ................................................................................................................................ 48

Table 11. Summary of PG9000 Direct Function Key Operations .............................................................. 52

Table 12. Pressure Units of Measure Available ......................................................................................... 55

Table 13. Valve Settings for Setting Differential Mode Static Pressure ..................................................... 59

Table 14. Valve Settings to Apply PG9000 Pressure to the RPM for Differential Mode Offsetting ........... 60

Table 15. Valve Settings for Operating in Differential Mode ...................................................................... 62

Table 16. SETUP File Choices, Factory Preferred Choice and Normal Value .......................................... 82

Table 17. Security Levels - Functions NOT Executed Per Function/Level .............................................. 105

Table 18. COM1, COM2, COM3 and COM4 Available Settings.............................................................. 107

Table 19. COM1 DB-9F Pin Designation ................................................................................................. 120

Table 20. COM2, COM3 and COM4 DB-9M Pin Designation ................................................................. 120

Table 21. Command Summary ................................................................................................................ 121

Table 22. Error Messages ........................................................................................................................ 123

Table 23. Status Byte Register ................................................................................................................ 151

Table 24. Standard Event Register .......................................................................................................... 153

Table 25. PG9000 Troubleshooting Checklist ......................................................................................... 169

Table 26. Pressure Unit of Measure Conversions ................................................................................... 173

Table 27. PG9000 Defined Pressure Calculation Variables .................................................................... 174

Table 28. Fluke Calibration Authorized Service Providers ...................................................................... 181

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Figures

Figure 1. PG Terminal Front Panel .............................................................................................................. 6

Figure 2. PG Terminal Rear Panel ............................................................................................................... 7

Figure 3. PG9000 Remote Electronics Module Rear Panel ....................................................................... 7

Figure 4. PG9000 Base Rear Panel (PG9607 shown) ................................................................................ 8

Figure 5. AMH Mass Set ............................................................................................................................ 21

Figure 6. PG9607 Piston-Cylinder Installation ........................................................................................... 25

Figure 7. Piston Gauge Operating Principle .............................................................................................. 33

Figure 8. PG9000 Keypad Layout .............................................................................................................. 34

Figure 9. Piston Stroke and Zones ............................................................................................................ 38

Figure 10. AMH Schematic/Operati ng Pri nc ip le ........................................................................................ 42

Figure 11. AMH Installation on PG9000 Platf or m ...................................................................................... 43

Figure 12. AMH Indicator location .............................................................................................................. 47

Figure 13. Run Screen Flow Chart ............................................................................................................ 51

Figure 14. Differential Mode Controller Schematic .................................................................................... 58

Figure 15. PG9000 Platform Reference Level Location ............................................................................. 68

Figure 16. Status Byte Register ............................................................................................................... 151

Figure 17. Piston Retainer Assem bl y ....................................................................................................... 164

Figure 18. Gas Operated, Gas Lubricated Piston-Cylinder Module Lubrication Chart ............................. 165

About This Manual

This manual provides the user with the information n ecessary to operate the PG9000 Piston Gauge. It also includes a great dea l of additional information provide d to help optimize PG9000 use and take f ull advantage of its many features and functions.

Before using the m anual, tak e a m om ent to become familiar with the T able of Co ntents s tructur e. All first time PG9000 users should read Sect ions 1 and 2. Section 3 provides a comprehensi ve description of general PG9000 operating principles. Section 4 covers remote communication with an external computer. Section 5 provides maintenance and calibration information. Section 6 is a quick troubleshooting guide. Use the information in Section 6 to troubleshoot unexpected PG9000 behavior based on the symptoms of that behavior.

Certain words and expressions have specific meaning as they pertain to PG9000s. The Glossary (see Section 7) is useful as a quick referenc e for the definition of specific words and ex pressions as the y are used in this manual.

Note

For those who “DON’T READ MANUALS”, go directly to section 2.3 to set up the PG9000. Then go to section 2.4. This will get you running quickly with minimal risk of causing damage to yourself or your PG9000. Then… when you have questions or start to wonder about all the great features you might be missing, get into the manual!

Manual Conventions

 Caution

“Caution” is used in throughout the manual to identify conditions or actions that could cause harm to the PG9000 or to the devices that are connected to the PG9000.

 Warning

“Warning” is used in throughout the manual to identify actions that could po se a hazard to the user of the PG9000.

Note

“Note” is used throughout the manual to identify operating and applications advice and additional explanations.

[ ] indicates direct function keys (e.g., [RANGE]).

< > indicates PG9607 screen displays (e.g., <1yes>)

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Notes

1. Introduction

1.1 Product Overview

PG9000 Piston Gauges are reference level pressure standards that operate on the piston gauge principle. Pressure is defined by balancing it against the force exerted by a known mass accelerated by gravity on the effective area of a piston-cylinder.

A PG9000 piston gauge consists of the PG9000 Platform, a piston-cylinder module and a mass set. Optional hardware for vacuum reference operation is available. An optional automated m ass handling system is available as well. A PG9000 system typically also includes the m eans to generate and adjust pressures and to interconnect the system components and a device being calibrated or tested. The pressure generation component can be manual or autom ated. COMPASS also be included to assist in executing test sequences, acquiring test data and producing test reports.

The PG9000 Platform consists of the PG9000 Base, Term inal and Remote Elec tronics Module. Local user interface is through the keypad and display on the terminal. Remote communications and all on board (built in) sensors are located inside or are connected to the Remote Electronics Module.

PG9000 is a fam ily of piston gauges with common presentation and f eatures. The f irst production model of the PG9000 family is the PG9607.

for Pres sure software may

PG9607 operates up to a maximum pressure of 500 kPa and supports definition of pressure against

either atmosphere or vacuum reference using a gas operated, gas lubricated piston-cyli nder module (PC-9607-5).

PG9607 was design ed to exploit a unique 50 m m diameter piston-c ylinder. With this piston-cylinder, the piston is mounted in a fixed p osition in the m ounting post and the c ylinder f loats and is rotated. A controlled clearance pr essure can be introduced into the mounting post allowing the pis ton diameter and thus the gap between the piston and cylinder to be varied.

PG9607 is available o n a lim ited basis and, ge nerall y, is only of fered f or use in natio nal m easurement institutes or other laboratories performing fundamental research in pressure metrology.

PG9000 platform, piston-c ylinder module, mass set and optional automated mass handling s ystem are designed to max imize metr ological p erform ance and e ase of op eration. T he y include m any features that enhance the fundamental precision and stability of pressure measurements as well as simplifying use and reducing operator inf luence on the measurements. Ex tensive monitoring and controlling cap ability and advanced local and remote user interfaces are integrated into the PG9000 Platform.

Operator interaction with PG9000 and its extensive capab ilities and peripherals is accomplished through a single display and keypad on the PG Terminal or from a computer via a single standard RS232 or IEEE-488 interface.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

PEM Fuse: 1A, 250V, 5x20mm, Slow blow

1.2 Specifications

1.2.1 General Specifications

Power Requirements

Operating Temperature Range Operating Humidity Range

Weight

Instrument platform with no mass or piston-cylinder loaded.

PG9607 (without vacuum hardware)

Remote Electronics Module

PG Terminal

Optional Vacuum Reference Hardware

Dimensions

PG9607 Base (without vacuum hardware)

PG9607 Base (with optional vacuum bell

jar and vacuum gauge connected)

Remote Electronics Module

PG Terminal

Microprocessors

Instrument Platform

PG Terminal

Communication Ports

RS232

IEEE-488

Fuses

Overall Pressure Range

Operating Media Maximum Mass Load

50/60 Hz, 60 VA max. consumption. 100 to 240 VAC, operating altitude: <2000m 100 to 150 VAC, operating altitude: <5000m

15 to 35 °C 5 to 95% R.H., non-condensing

34 kg (74 lb)

1.9 kg (4 lb)

1.4 kg (3 lb) 16 kg (36 lb)

34.1 cm H x 54.3 cm W x 52.3 cm D (13.4 in x 21.4 in x 20.6 in) (Height: top of piston-cylinder assembly)

56 cm H x 54.3 cm W x 52.3 cm D (22 in x 21.4 in x 20.6 in) (Height: Top of bell jar)

10.2 cm H x 35.1 cm W x 19.6 cm D (4 in. 13.8 in. x 7.7 in.) 12 cm H x 15 cm W x 20 cm D (4.7 in. H x 5.9 in. W x 7.9 in. D)

Motorola 68302 Hitachi 64180

COM1: Host computer COM2: Residual vacuum sensor (external) COM3: Automated pressure generator/controller COM4: Unused/spare or pass through Host computer

Internal power supply Fuse: 3.15A, 250V Gauge: 10.5 kPa to 500 kPa (1.5 to 72.5 psi)

Absolute: 10.5 kPa to 500 kPa (1.5 to 72.5 psi) Differential: - 89.5 to 400 kPa (-13 to 58 psi) at

10.5 to 110 kPaa (1.5 to 16 psia) static pressure Gas: nitrogen, hel i um, dry air (dewpoint ≤ -40 °C)

100 kg1

MS-AMH-100 mass set contains approximately 104.5 kg of mass. Combined with the piston or cylinder and bell ass embly, total mass loads may be up to 106 kg resulting in pressures of up to 530 kPa. (76.9 psi)

1. INTRODUCTION

and are CE

Pressure Connections

Remote Electronics Module

CE Conformance

1.2.1.1 AMH Automated Mass Handler (Optional)

Power Requirements:

Operating Temperature:

Dimensions:

Power/Communications:

AMH Drive Air Supply:

AMH Vacuum Supply:

Pressure Connections:

CE conformance:

PG 9607 Base

AMH Drive

AMH Vent

Vacuum Bell Jar

Weight:

Available, must be specified

Pressure:

Vacuum:

Test port: : DH200 Controlled Clearance Pressure: DH200

Quick connector equivalent to Swagelok QM Series (QM2-B-200), Use with DESO (double end shut off) type stem

Quick connector equivalent to Swagelok QM Series (QM2-B-200), Use with SESO (single end shut off) type stem only.

Note

DH200 and DH500 are gland and collar t ype fittings for 1/4 in. (6.35 mm) coned and left hand threaded tubes. DH200 is equivalent to AE SF250C, HIP LF4, etc. DH500 is equivalent to AE F250C, HIP HF4, etc.

ATM port: 10-32 UNF 3x KF40, 1x KF50 (top)

All PG9000 models conform to CE requirements marked.

15 VDC @ 2 A, 30 W max. consumption

15 to 35 ºC 41 cm H x 41 cm W x 36 cm D (16.3 in. x 16.1 in. x 14.1 in.)

12 kg (25 lbs)

Custom 8 pin connector 550 kPa (80 psi), ± 10%, minimal flow At least 50 kPa (7.5 pi) under atmosphere, minimal flow

Quick connector DESO (double end shut off) type stem

Quick connector SESO (single end shut off) type stem

1.2.1.2 Embedded Features

• Local control with 2 x 20 vacuum fluorescent display and 4 x 4 function driven keypad.

• Real time (1 second upda te rate) display and measurem ent of ambient (pressure, temperature, humidity) and instrument (piston-cylinder temperature, piston posit ion, piston drop rate, pis ton rotation rate, pisto n rotation decay rate, reference vacuum) conditions.

• Real time (1 second update rate) mass-to-pressure and pressure-to- mass calculations taking into consideration all environmental and operational variables.

• Full gas and liquid f luid head corrections includ ing DUT head correctio n and piston position h ead co rr ection. Barom eter he ad c orrection included for atmosphere reference operation (gauge mode).

• Adjustable mass loading resolution (0.01 g to 0.1 kg).

• Audible prompts of instrument status (piston movement, Ready/Not

Ready indication) with override capability.

• Integrated automated mass handling option (AMH-100-VAC).

• Interfacing and automatic exploitation of external barometer via RS232.

• Interfacing and autom atic exploitation of an y external vacuum gauge via

RS232.

• Automated differential mode to define low differential pressures at various static pressures between vacuum and two atmospheres.

• Storage and one step activation of metrological data on up to 18 piston- cylinder modules, (3) mass sets and (3) mass loading bells.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

• Continuous pressure Ready/Not Ready indication based on measured conditions.

• Motorized, intelligent piston drive system based measur ed rotation rate with operator alert and manual override.

• Integrated autom ated pressure control with standard Fluke Calibration pressure controllers.

• Full RS232 and IEEE-488 c ommunications wit h multi-level com mands to set and read all instrument functions.

1.2.1.3 Ambient and Instrument Condition Measurements

Temperature

Range

Resolution

Measurement Uncertainty

Barometric Pressure with Internal Sensor

Range

Resolution

Measurement Uncertainty

Relative Humidity

Measurement Uncertainty

Piston Position

Measurement Uncertainty

Piston Rotation

(Rate and deceleration)

Range

Resolution

Range

Resolution

Range

Resolution

Ambient 0 to 40

0.1 ± 1

70 to 110 kPa 10 Pa ± 140 Pa Barometric pressure can also be read automatically with any

RS232 device such as a DH Intruments RPM.

5 to 95 % RH 1 % RH

± 10 % RH

± 4.5 mm

0.1 mm ± 0.2 mm

2 to 99 rpm 1 rpm

Piston Cylinder Module

C 0 to 40 oC

C 0.01 o C

C ± 0.1 o C

Vacuum (Optional)

Range

Resolution

Measurement Uncertainty

PG9000 uses a Fluke Hart Scientific 2626-S temperature and humidity probe specified and factory calibrated to deliver ±0.25 ˚ C uncertainty on temperature and ±3% on relative humidity. PG9000 performance requirements and factory calibration services require only the specifications listed above to meet stated product uncertainties.

0 to 13 Pa

0.01 Pa ± 0.05 Pa + 0.5 % of reading

1. INTRODUCTION

1.2.2 Piston-Cylinder Assembly (PC-9607-5)

The piston is mounted in a fixed position on the mounting post. The cylinder floats and is rotated.

Piston Material:

Cylinder Material:

Nominal Diameter:

Nominal Area:

Mounting System:

Typical Drop Rate:

Tungsten carbide Tungsten carbide 50 mm 2 000 mm Free deformation with controlled clearance pres sure (CCP) available on

inside of piston. < 0.25 mm/min at 500 kPa (Full mass load)

1.2.3 Mass Sets

Masses > 50g

Material

Finish

Adjustment Tolerance

Uncertainty of Measured Values

Masses < 50g

304L non-magnetic stainless steel Electropolished ± 20 ppm of nominal value (manual mass sets, AMH

automated mass handler mass sets do not have fixed adjustment tolerances)

± 5 ppm or 1 mg, whichever is greater

± 1 mg

1.2.4 Pressure Measurements (PG9607)

Note

For uncertainty in piston-cylind er effective area and typical measurem ent uncertainty in pressure defined by the piston gauge, see the pistoncylinder calibration report and current revision of Fluke Calibration Technical Note 0180TN12.

The piston is mounted in a fixed position on the mounting post. The cylinder floats and is rotated.

All masses are delivered in molded, reusable, transit cases with custom inserts.

Sensitivity1:

Sensitivity: The smallest variation in input detectable in output.

Reproducibility: The root sum square of the stability of effective area and stability of the

Reproducibility

AMH-100 mass set for 1 year. Refer to Fluke Calibration Technical Note 0180TN12

0.005 Pa + 0.5 ppm

± 2 ppm + 0.05 Pa

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

1.3 Front and Rear Panels

1.3.1 Terminal Front and Rear Panels

1.3.1.1 PG Terminal Front Panel

The front panel ass embly provides a 2 x 20 vacuum fluorescent display and a 4 x 4 membrane keypad for local user interface. The terminal front panel assembly is the same for all PG9000 models.

 Fluorescent display  Keypad

Figure 1. PG Terminal Front Panel

1.3.1.2 PG Terminal Rear Panel

The rear panel assembly provides the communications connection to the PG9000 Remote Elec tronics Module. The terminal r ear panel assembly is the same for all PG9000 models.

1. INTRODUCTION

Power switch

Connector for 25 pin cable to PG

COM 2 (RS232) – External

Component

PG DRIVER – 15 pin Cable to

COM 4 (RS232) – Pass Through

COM 1 (RS232) – Remote Host

TERMINAL

  Fuse  Power receptacle

Figure 2. PG Terminal Rear Panel



Remote Electronics Module

 Cooling fan

1.3.2 Remote Electronics Module Rear Panel

The PG9000 Remote Electronics Modu le houses all working electr onics (processor, sensor and communications) for the PG9000 in addition to sensors for ambient conditions (temperature, pressure and humidity).



Barometer, External Vacuum Gauge and Pass through Communication

 COM 3 (RS232) – Automated

Pressure Generation/Control



PG Base  ATM Connection (Barometer)  Mounting Post PRT Connector to

PG Remote Electronics Module

 TH Probe Connector 

Figure 3. PG9000 Remote Electronics Module Rear Panel



Communications

 IEEE-488 – Remote Host

Communications

 AMH Connection  Connector for 25 pin Cable to PG

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

1.3.3 Base Rear Panel

The PG9000 Platform rear panel provides the communications connection to the PG Remote Electronics Module, test and controlled clearance pressure connections as well as (optional) AMH Automated Mass Handler connections.

 PG Driver – to PG Remote

Electronics Module

 AMH Connection  AMH Vent Port  Controlled Clearance Pressure

Port – PG9607 Only

 TEST Pressure Port  AMH Drive Pressure Port  PRT Connector – to Remote

Electronics Module

Figure 4. PG9000 Base Rear Panel (PG9607 show n)

2. Installation

2.1 Unpacking And Inspection

2.1.1 Removing From Packaging

A typical PG9000 system includes the PG9000 Platform ( see Section 2.1.1.1), a mass set (see Section 2.1.1.2), a piston-cylinder assembly (see Section 2.1.1.3) and oth er access ories suc h as vacuum reference hardware (see Section 2.1.1.4), an AMH automated mass handler (see Section 2.1.1.5) and/or pressure generation and control components (see the accessory Operation and Maintenance Manual or Instruction Sheet).

2.1.1.1 Platform

The PG9000 Platform c onsists of the PG9000 Base, R emote Electronic s Module, Terminal and inter connect a ccessories . The Base is shipped in a custom woode n crate. The Platf orm compone nts are shipp ed in a reusab le, molded shi pping and storage case. The cables an d accessories ar e shipped i n a corrugated c ontainer with other PG9000 accessories including operating instructions and calibration reports.

 Open the PG9000 Base shipping crate (71 cm x 71 cm x 56 cm).  Carefully lift the PG9000 B ase from its position in the lower pack ing insert.

Note the orientation s o that the sam e orientation will b e used when PG90 00 is repacked.

 Warning

The PG9000 Base has a mass of 34 kg (74 lb). It is recommended to remove it from the packaging with two people on opposite sides of the shipping container. Removing or lifting with only one person may cause injury.

 Open the PG9000 molded, reusable recalibration transit case and the

accessories corrugated shipping container.

 Remove the PG Terminal, Remote Electronics Module and Temperature-

Humidity Probe from the recalibration transit case and the Platform accessories from the shipping container. Inspect and inventory the accessories (see Section 2.1.2.1).

 Reinstall the pack ing insert s into the s hippin g and s torage cas es and store in

a safe place.

2.1.1.2 Manual Mass Set

 Caution

The stability over time of PG9000 pressure measurements is a function of the stability of the masses loaded on the cylinder. Precautions should be taken in handling the masses to minimize influences that may change their mass. This includes always wearing protective gloves when handling the masses to avoid contaminating them with body oils and perspiration. Protective gloves are provided in the accesso ry kits of PG9000 Platforms.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

The mass set accessories are shipped in a separate corrugated container. Open the corrugated container and inspect and inventory the accessories.

The PG9000 masses are shipped in reusable, molded shipping and storage cases. The PG9000 masses should be removed from their shipping cases and inventoried w hen setting up the PG9000 system (see Section 2.1.1.2 for mass set content detail).

The PG9000 manual mass bell ships in a separate corrugated container.

The mass loading bell is a metrological element that is part of the mass set. Like all of the masses, it is preferable not to handle it with bare hands. Protective gloves are provided in the accessory kit of each PG9000 Platform.

2.1.1.3 Piston-Cylinder Assembly (PG9607)

The PG9607 piston-cylinder assembly is shipped in a molded plastic case with custom pol yethylene ins erts that accom modates 2 Acetal bullet c ases. The p iston and the cylind er are separat e; each is packed i n its own bullet cas e. Do not handle either of t hese elements with bare hands. Use the gloves that are in the PG9000 accessory kit or use the lint free wipes. See Section 2.1.2.3 for details.

Never handle the piston or cylinder with bare hands. Oil and acids from bare skin can damage the crit ical surfa ces (polished appearance).

 Caution

2.1.1.4 Vacuum Reference Hardware (Optional)

The optional PG9000 Vacuum Reference Hardware includes the vacuum Bell Jar, reference vacuum sensor with power supply and interconnect cables and fittings necessary for vacuum operation.

The PG9000 Bell Jar is pack ed in a large wooden crate (66 cm x 66cm x 71 cm ). The vacuum refer ence sensor, power supply and assoc iated fittings and cables are packed in a reusable molded Vacuum Measurement Kit transit case. Remaining fittings and adaptors are shipped in the PG9000 accessories corrugated container (see Section 2.1.2.4).

2.1.1.5 AMH Automated Mass Handler (Optional)

AMH-100-VAC is delivered in a corrugated container with foam cut outs to hold items in place. Accessories are bagged together and packaged in a separate corrugated container with other PG9000 system accessories.

Remove all parts from the shipping boxes. See Section 2.1.2.5 for more detail.

2.1.1.6 AMH Mass Set (Optional)

PG9000 AMH masses are shipped in reusable, molded shipping and storage cases. One of the cas es contains the binar y masses, binar y mass car rier, mass bell and lifting shaft/trim mass tra y. The other cases c ontain the m ain masses of 10 kg (see Section 0 for mass set content detail). Each mass is packed in a sealed plastic bag and then plac ed in a protective s hipping insert. The PG9000 AMH masses should be re moved from their shipping c as es and in ve ntori ed w he n setting up the PG9000 system (see Section 2.1.1.2 for mass set content detail).

2. INSTALLATION

 Caution

The stability over time of PG9000 pressu re meas urement s is a funct ion of the stability of the masses loaded on the piston. Precautions should be taken in handling the masses to minimize influences that may change their mass. This includes always wearing protectiv e gloves when handling the masses to avoid contaminating them with body oils and perspiration. Protective gloves are provid ed in the accessory kits of PG9000 Platforms.

2.1.2 Inspecting Contents

Inspect all parts for damage. If damage is noted, report it to your Shipping & Receiving Department and the delivering carrier for appropriate action.

Inspect for any miss ing components or access ories referring to Tables 1-8. S ho uld any items be missing, contact Fluke Calibration or your local Fluke Calibration representative.

A parts list of item s supplied is prov ided in Sectio n 2.1.2.1 for PG9000 Platform, Section 2.1.2.2 for mass sets, Section 2.1.2.3 for Piston-Cylinder Assemblies, Section 2.1.2.4 for (optional) vacuum reference hardware and Section 2.1.2.5 for (optional) Automat ed Ma ss Handl er .

2.1.2.1 Platform

Each PG9000 Platform is delivered complete with access ories as listed by part number in Table 1.

Table 1. PG9607 Parts List

PG9607

PLATFORM

3821488 Base Terminal Remote Electronics Module Transit case for recalibration items Accessory Kit 3841024

ADPT, DH200 M X 1/8 in. swage 3069062 (2) NIP, SS, DH200, 2.75" 3068377 (2) ADPT, SS, DH200 F X 1/8 in. NPT F 3068547 ADPT, SS, DH200 M X 1/4 in. swage 3069081 Tee, SS, 1/4 in. swage 3138683 Union, SS, 1/4 in. swage x 1/8 in. swage 3135076 ADPT, SS, 1/4 in. swage x 1/8 in. NPT F 3141914 ADPT, SS, 1/8 in. NPT M x 1/8 in swage 3068564 ADPT, 10-32UNF x 1/8 in. Swage 3141516 1/8” tubing, PFA, 2 m 3232357 (2) 1/4 in. tubing, SS, 10 cm 3853024 1/4 in. tubing, SS, 20 cm 3853036 1/4 in. tubing, SS, 50 cm 3853049 1/8 in. tubing, SS, 30 cm 3852995 1/8 in. tubing, SS, 150 cm 3853008 (2) O-ring, Viton, brown, 2-029 3144730 O-ring, Viton, brown, 2-019 3134945 (2) O-ring, Buna, 2-242 3135041 Allen wrench, 2.5 mm 3136044 Allen wrench, 3 mm 3135703 Allen wrench, 5 mm 3136098

3789373

3789710

3789425

3841097

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Krytox GPL205/6 0.5 oz

2493420 Gift kit with gloves 3123777 Terminal to Platform Cable (DB25M – DB25F) 3068724 PRT Cable, PG Platform 3778220 TH Probe Cable 3837033 Driver Cable, PG Platform 3068683 Power Cable – US 3133781 Power Cable – UK 3153005

Documentation

Calibrati on Report (PG) Technical Dat a Manual Document ation CD

3152121

3152139

3782240

3139043

2.1.2.2 Mass Set

PG9000 m ass sets are compos ed of different c ombinations of ind ividual mas ses and accessories depending on the specific mass set ordered (see Tables 2 - 5).

Table 2. Manual Mass Set Parts List (excluding 80 and 100 kg)

DESCRIPTION PART NO.

Mass Set Refer to Table 5 Reusable Molded Transit Case with Foam Inserts

35 kg set 40 kg set 45 kg set 55 kg set

Mass Set Storage Tray and Spindle 3147461 and 3148764 Dust Covers 3138017 and 3138130 Calibration Report 3152121

3068969

1 ea. 1 ea. 1 ea. 1 ea.

Table 3. Manual Mass Set Parts List (80 and 100 kg)

3068991

1 ea. 1 ea. 1 ea. 2 ea.

DESCRIPTION PART NO.

Mass Set Refer to Table 5 Reusable Molded Transit Case with Foam Inserts

80 kg set 100 kg set

Mass Set Storage Tray and Spindle 3147461 and 3148764 Dust Covers 3138017 and 3138127 Calibration Report 3152121

3068969

1 ea. 1 ea.

3068984

2 ea. 3 ea.

Table 4. AMH-100 Mass Set Parts List

DESCRIPTION PART NO.

Mass Set Refer to Table 5 Reusable Molded Transit Case with Foam Inserts

40 kg set (MS-AMH-40) 60 kg set (MS-AMH-60) 80 kg set (MS-AMH-80) 100 kg set (MS-AMH-100)

Calibration Report 3152121

3123990

1 ea. 1 ea. 1 ea. 1 ea.

3068984

1 ea. 2 ea. 2 ea. 3 ea.

2. INSTALLATION

Table 5. Mass Set Compositions

DESIGNATION PART #

MS-7002-35 3069861 35 - 5 2 1 1 2 1 1 (4) MS-7002-40 3070021 40 - 6 2 1 1 2 1 1 (4) MS-7002-45 3069980 45 - 7 2 1 1 2 1 1 (4) MS-7002-55 3069877 55 - 9 2 1 1 2 1 1 (4) MS-7002-80 3070000 80 6 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 (9) -

MS-7002-100 3070017 100 8 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 (9) -

TOTAL

MASS (kg)

kg 2 kg 1 kg

DESIGNATION PART # NOMINAL

TOTAL

NOMINAL

MASS (kg)

MS-AMH-40 3071528 40 3 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 MS-AMH-60 3071519 60 5 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 MS-AMH-80 3071504 80 7 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

MS-AMH-100 3071440 100 9 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

All mass sets also inclu de a trim m ass se t of 50 g to 0.01 g (t ota l 100 g)

6.4 kg

MASS SET COMPOSITION

0.5 kg

MASS SET COMPOSITION

6.2

3.2 kg

1.6 kg

0.2 kg

0.8 kg

0.1 kg

0.4 kg

MAKE-UP

MASS

(kg)

0.2

0.1

BELL, SHAFT,

BINARY MASS

Note

The mass loading bell and piston make up part of the total mass load. The mass loading bell for loading manual mass sets is ordered and shipped separatel y. The mass loading bell for AMH mass sets is delivered with the mass set.

CARRIER

(3 PARTS)

2.1.2.3 Piston-cylinder Assembly

Table 6. 50 mm Gas Piston-Cylinder Assembly Parts List

5 kPa/kg

PC-9607-5

Piston-cylinder kit

Piston-cylinder 3782004 Piston-cyli nder cas e (w/ 2 bullet cases) 3781999

Accessory Kit

(2) O-rings, brown, Viton (2-015) 3134923

Documentation

Calibration report

 Caution

Never handle the piston or cylinder with bare hands. Oil and acids from bare skin can damage the c ritical surfa ces (polished appearance).

3782028

3118500

3152121

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

2.1.2.4 Vacuum Reference (Optional)

Table 7. PG9000 Vacuum Reference Hardware

Vacuum Measurement Kit 3840203

CDG Power Supply 3142866 CDG Cable, 10 ft. 3142875 RS232 Cable, 10 ft. 3142882 KF40 Centering Rng with Viton O-ring 3140217 KF40 Clamp 3140221 KF40 to KF16 Reducer 3142990 KF16 Elbow 3836205

CDG with manual valve – assembled with centering ring and clamp 3841484

(2) KF16 Centering Ring with Viton O-ring 3134540 (2) KF16 Clamp 3138978 Transit Case for Vacuum Measurement Kit 3841085

Bell Jar 3478417 Bell Jar Gasket 3788743 Vacuum Vent Valve and Fittings 3841060

(2) KF40 Clamp 3140221 KF40 Blank Off Cap 3140671 KF40 Centering Ring with SS Screen 3142830 KF40 Centering Ring with Viton O-ring 3140217 KF40 to KF16 Reducer 3142990 KF16 Clamp 3138978 Vent Valve, KF10 3139838 KF10/16 Centering Ring, Viton, with Viton O-ring 3133103 KF50 Blank Off Cap 3836143 KF50 Centering Ring 3836162 KF50 Clamp 3836170

PG9000 Vacuum

Reference Hardware

3821513

 Caution

The vacuum sensor (CDG) is assembled to an isolation valve in order to store and/or transport in an evacuated condition. In order to assure performance within specifications, open the valve only when the pressure in the attached vacuum chamber is below 500 Pa and close the valve before increasing the chamber pressure from vacuum.

2. INSTALLATION

2.1.2.5 Automated Mass Handler (Optional)

Table 8. AHM-100-VAC Parts List

DESCRIPTION PART #

1 ea. AHM-100-VAC Automated Mass Handler 3821508

Accessory kit including: 3841402

1 ea. Power/Comm Cable 3843744

2 m 1/8 in. PFA tubing 3232357 2 m 1/4 in. PFA tubing 3232378

2 m 3/8 in. PFA tubing 3232445 1 ea. 3/8 i n. Tee 3843090 1 ea. Reducer, 1/4 in. Swage x 3/8 in. Swage 3843104 1 ea. 3/8 in. Port Connector 3843119 1 ea. ADPT, 1/8 in. Swage x 1/4 in. NPTM 3135780 1 ea. Quick Connect or Stem, 1/8 in. Swage DESO (red band) 3123691 1 ea. Quick Connect or Assy, with valve, AMH VAC Port (blue band) 3121719 4 ea. Cable Ti e, Hook and Loop 2008964 1 ea. 3 mm Hex Wrench 3141776

2.2 Site Requirements

The exact PG9000 system inst allation is affected b y the elements other than th e PG9000 Pl atform that make up the PG9000 system.

When selecting and preparing a site to set up the PG9000 system, the following should be considered:

• Ambient conditions: T o achieve optimum m etrological performance, am bient conditions should be controlled and maintained within the following:

♦ Temperature: 19 to 26 °C, minimize rate of change of temperature. ♦ Relative Humidity: 5 to 95 %RH (non-condensing). ♦ Ambient Pressure: Minimize external influences that will cause barometric instability. ♦ Air Currents: Do not insta ll the PG9000 Pl atform under a so urce of vertic al air c urrents s uch as an

overhead air conditioning duct. These can blow on the mass load and add unquantified forces.

♦ Vibration: Minimize local vibr ation. Excessive vibration will red uce the stabilit y of the pressures

defined by PG9000 (vibrati on affects the floating pisto n). Excessiv e high frequen cy vibration, f or example from a vacuum pump on the same table as the PG9000, may affect piston sensitivity.

• Bench stability: Up to 100 k g may be loaded and unloaded onto the PG9000 Platform. The bench on which the PG9000 sits should not deflect significantly under the mass load changes . This can be verified by setting the PG9000 Platf orm on the benc h, leveling it, loadin g and unload ing the com plete mass set while observing whether the level setting changes.

• Location of other components: Plan the space r equired and a convenient l ayout for the complete PG9000 system including the PG Terminal, PG Remote Electronics Module, mass set, pressure generation/control com pon ent(s) , test i nstrum ent c onnec tion an d com puter (if pres ent). If us ing a DH Intruments PPC or MPC to generate/control pressur e, see its Operation and Maintenance Manual for information on installing it. If a DH Intruments interconnect ions kit is being used to interc onnect the components, see its instruction sheet.

• Electrical and pressure supplies: Plan t he supply of electr ical power to the PG Terminal and to th e pressure generation/control component(s), if needed. If using a DH Intruments PPC or MPC to generate/c ontrol pressure, s ee its Operation and Ma intenance Manua l for information on the pr essures source(s) it nee ds a nd h ow t o conn ec t them . Gas s up plied to a P C-9000 piston-cylinder module m ust be clean and dry (instrument grade minimum, high purity preferred) to avoid contaminating the piston-cylinder gap.

• Reference vacuum supply: Plan for the vacuum connection to the optional bell jar and AMH automated mass handler and the location of the reference vacuum pump.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

• Bell jar (optional) placement: Plan a l ocation for the bell jar when it is removed from the platf orm to load and unload masses. A shelf is often used for this purpose.

• AMH automated mass handler (optional):

o Location

: If an AMH is being used, consider that the AMH mass handler will occasional ly be removed from the PG9000 Platform. A convenient plac e to put it down when it is removed should be planned.

o Drive air supply

: The drive air supply provides power to operate the mass lifter and the

binary mass selector pins (see Section 3.7.1). Drive air requirements:

Flow rate: Very low, avoid restrictions or excessive length of connecting tubing

Cleanliness: If air from a compressor is used it should be filtered and dried, preferably with a filter regula tor w ith a coales c in g filter. The recomm end a ti o n is f or a 5-micron filter ups tream of a 0.01-micro n coalesc ing filte r. The ma in concern is the elimination of humidi ty, whi ch could c orrode the AMH pneu matic con trol s.

Drive air pressures required (± 10%) for different mass sets are listed in Table 3:

Table 9. Drive Air Pressure Requirement by Mass Set

o Vacuum supply

in the vacuum c hamber (abs olute by vacuum m ode PG9000 operation) . The va cuum supply assures that the binary mass selection pins remain in the correct position and evacuates internal AMH volumes to minimize the likelihood of leaks into the reference vacuum.

The vacuum pump or vacuum supply for the pressure controller of the PG9000 system can be used for the AMH vacuum supply

Vacuum drive requirements:

MASS SET

MS-AMH-40 MS-AMH-60 MS-AMH-80

MS-AMH-100 550 (80)

DRIVE AIR

[kPa (psi)]

275 (40) 380 (55) 450 (65)

 Caution

Do not operate AMH with drive pressure lower than 275 kPa (40 psi). Damage to the AMH could result.

: The vacuum supply is nec essar y for AMH op eration when there is vacuum

Flow rate: Very low, avoid restrictions or excessive length of connecting tubing Vacuum pressure: At least 50 kPa (7.5 psi) under atmosphere

 Caution

Do not operate AMH when using a PG9000 in “ ab solute by v a cu u m” m o d e without having a vacuum supply connected to AMH Vent. Alwa ys check that AMH is supplied with vacuum BEFORE establishing reference vacuum in th e AMH be ll jar. Failure to do so m ay resu lt in d amage to the binary mass pins and/o r binary mas ses.

 Caution

Do not plug the AMH vent connection. Use only a “SESO” type quickconnector stem. Plugging the AMH vent connection will cause serious damage to AMH internal components.

2. INSTALLATION

2.3 Setup

2.3.1 Preparing for Operation

Note

Before setting up the PG9000 s ystem, see Section 2.2 for information on site requirements.

To prepare PG9000 for check out and operation:

 Set up the PG9000 Platform (see Section 2.3.1.1).  Make the system pressure interconnections (see Section 2.3.1.2).  If a manual mass set is being used, set up the manual mass set (see Section 2.3.1.3).  If an optional AMH is being used, set it up with its mass set (see Sections 2.3.1.4 and

2.3.1.4.3).

 If the PG9000 is to be used w ith vacuum reference, set up the opt ion al vacuum reference

hardware (see Section 2.3.1.6).

2.3.1.1 Setting Up the Platform

The PG9000 Platform consists of the PG9000 base, the PG9000 Remote Electronics Module and the PG terminal. To set up the PG9000 Platform proceed as follows:

 Place the PG9000 Base on the site table in the desired orientation.

Though the rear panel is usually in the back, any orientation can be used.

 Place the PG9000 Terminal and PG9 000 Remote Electronics Module in the

desired locations.

 Connect the PG9000 Terminal to the PG9000 Remote Electronics Module

using the 25-pin cable supplied.

 Connect the PG9000 Temperature - Humidit y Probe to the PG9000 Rem ote

Electronics Module either directly to the back pan el or via the supplied TH Probe extension cable.

 Connect the PG DRIVER connectors on the PG9000 Remote Electronics

Module and PG9000 Base using the 15-pin cable supplied with the PG Platform

 Connect electrical power (100 to 240 VAC, 50/60 Hz) to the PG9000

Terminal using the po wer cable supplied. An y grounded power cabl e with a standard IEC320-313 connection may be used.

 If an automated pressure generation/control component is being used,

establish communications between the automated pressure generation/control component and the PG9000 Platform by connecting the generation/control component RS232 port to the PG9000 Platform COM3 port and setting up PG 9 000 to us e an automated pressure ge ner at ion /c ontro l component (see Section 3.11.9)

2.3.1.2 System Pressure Interconnections

Interconnect the PG9000 Platform, pres sure generation/control com ponents and a test connection.

The pressure connection on the PG9000 TEST port is DH200 (DH200 is equivalent to AE SF250C,HIP LF4, etc.). Adapters to convert the DH200 connection to 1/8 in. NPT f emale and 1/8 in. swage are provided with PG9000 Platform accessories.

The pressure connectio n on the PG9000 CCP co ntrol led clear ance pr essur e port is DH200. The pressure connection labeled CCP is for the application of a controlled clearance pressure to the inside of the piston (see Section 3.8). In

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

normal operation, the measured pressure is applied to the CCP pressure connection. Use a tee to connect the TEST port and the CCP port together.

The pressure connections for an optional AMH Automatic Mass Handler are described in Section 2.3.1.4.

2.3.1.3 Setting Up A Manual Mass Set

If installing an MS-AMH-xxx mass set for use with an AMH automated mass handling system, see Section 2.3.1.4.

To install a PG9000 manual mas s s et, plac e the mass loading tra y (provi ded wit h the mass set accessories) at the desired location then install the individual masses on the mass loading tray. See Section 2.3.1.4 for instructions on installation of an AMH mass set for automated mass handling.

It is VERY IMPORTANT that the individual masses be installed on the mass loading tray in proper sequence. This will ensure that PG9000 mass loading instructions are executed properly (carefully follow the instructions provided in Section 2.3.1.3, Installing M asses on t he Mass L oadin g Tray

Note

 Caution

Installing Masses on the Mass Loading Tray (Manual Mass Set)

PG9000 masses are shipped in reusable, molded shipping and storage cases. One of the cases contains the masses of 5 kg and under, the other case(s) contain(s) the 9 kg make u p mass, if present, and main mas ses of 5 or 10 kg each. Each mass is packed in a sealed plastic bag and then placed in a protective shipping insert.

 Caution

The stability over time of PG9000 pressure measurements is a function of the stability of the masses loaded on the piston. Precautions should be taken in handling the masses to minimiz e influences that may change their mass. This includes always wearing protective gloves when handling the masses to avoid contaminating them with body oils and perspiration. Protective gloves are provided in the accessory kits of PG9000 Platforms.

Masses are loaded onto t he mass loading tray in t he oppos ite or der that the y are loaded onto the PG9000. To install the masses on the mass loading tray, proceed as follows:

 Open the shipping cases.  Install the main masses: The main masses (a series of 10 kg masses)

are installed horizontally aligned on the mass loading spindle.

 The main masses are sequentially numbered starting with the number 1.

The main mass with the highest sequential number is installed first at the bottom of the stack (i.e., the first m ass loaded on the tra y). The rest of the

main masses should be stacked upwards in descending order ending with main mass sequential number 1. Be careful NOT to confuse the makeup mass (refer to next item) with main mass 1.

 Install the mass: The make up mass is a single mass sequentially

numbered 1. I t has the s am e diam eter as the main masses. It is a 4 or 9 kg mass. The make up mass is placed on top of the main mass stack. It is always the top of the stack.

 Install the fractionary masses: The fractionary masses are all the m asses

of lower value than the main mass es and makeup mass. T hese ar e m asses

2. INSTALLATION

of 5 kg and under. Fractionary masses of 1 to 5 kg are discs with a centr al hole. Fractionary masses of 100 to 500 g are solid, small diameter puc ks. Fractionary mass es of 50 g and under are packed and stor ed in their own separate storage case.

Fractionary mass discs and pucks are installed vertically in the corresponding slots

in the mass loading tray. Use a consistent s etup for the sequence number when there are two masses (e.g., always load sequential number 1 in the front).

2.3.1.4 Setting Up An AMH Automated Mass Handler (Optional)

The setup of the AMH can be broken down into 3 steps:

• Connecting the drive air supply (see Section 2.3.1.4.1)

• Connecting the drive vacuum supply (see Section 2.3.1.4.2)

• Connecting AMH communications (see Section 2.3.1.4.3)

2.3.1.4.1 Connecting AMH Drive

The AMH accessories kit includes hardware to facilitate the connection of the drive air supply (see Table 8). Locate the drive air connection accessories including:

• Quick-connector stem (DESO type with red band).

• 2 m 1/8 in. O.D. clear PFA tubing.

• 1/8 in. Swage x 1/4 in. NPT M adaptor.

To use the supplied ac cessories to make the AMH drive air supply connection proceed as follows:

 Connect the quick -connector to one end of t he PFA tube. Lo osen the 1/8 in.

Swage nut on the as sembly slightly. Slip the PFA tu be into the nut until it stops. Tighten the nut to swage the tube.

 Connect the ot her end of the PFA tub e to an appr opriate dr ive air sup ply (see

Section 2.2.2.1). If desired, use the 1/8 in. Swage x 1/4 in. NPT M adaptor.

 Insert the quick-connector stem into the AMH DRIVE connection quick-

connector (c olor coded with red band). Press firmly until the stem clicks into place.

 Apply drive air pressure to the connection and check for leaks.

Note

The quick-connector stem seals when disconnected so the drive air supply may be applied before the quick-connector stem is inserted into the quick-connector.

 Caution

Do not operate AMH with drive pressure lower than 275 kPa (40 psi). Damage to the AMH could result.

2.3.1.4.2 Connecting AMH Vent

If operating the PG9000 in vacuum reference mode with AMH-100-VAC it is necessary to connect the AMH VENT to vacuum supply. The AMH acces sories kit includes hardware to f acilitate the c onnection of the drive vac uum suppl y (see Table 8) Locate the drive vacuum connection accessories including:

• Quick-connector stem (with blue band) and three way sleeve valve assembly.

• 2 m 1/4 in. O.D. PFA tubing.

• 2 m 3/8 in. O.D. PFA tubing.

• 3/8 in. Swage x 1/4 in. 1/4 in. Swage reducer.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

• 3/8 in. Swage tee.

• 3/8 in. Swage Port connector.

To use the supplied accessories to make the AMH drive vacuum supply connection proceed as follows:

 Connect the blue bande d quick -connector/sleeve valve assem bly to one end

of the PFA tube. Loosen the 1/4 in. Swag e nut on th e as s em bl y slight l y. Slip the PFA tube into the nut until it stops. Tighten the nut to swage the tube.

 Connect the other end of the 1/4 in PFA tube to an appropriate vacuum

supply (see Section 2.2 Automated Mass Handler, Vacuum Supply). If desired, use the 3/8 in. x 1/4 in. reducer, 3/8 in. Swage Tee and Port Connector. The Tee and Por t Connec t or are par ticu larly useful if the vacuum supply is from a DH Intruments PPC/MPC Vacuum Kit. Ins tall the Tee on the 3/8 in. PFA tube between the vacuum pump and the PPC or MPC.

 Insert the quick-connector stem into the drive vacuum connection quick-

connector (color coded with blue band). Press firmly until the stem clicks into place. Use only a “SESO” type stem (not self sealing).

 Check that the three-way sleeve valve is in the GAUGE position (drive

vacuum not applied to the AMH). Apply drive vacuum and check for leaks.

Do not plug the AMH VENT connection. Use only a “SESO” type quick-connector stem. Plugging the AMH VENT connection can cause serious damage to AMH internal components.

 Caution

A drive vacuum supply must be connected to AMH VENT when using a PG9000 in “absolute by vacuum” mode. Always check that AMH is supplied with drive vacuum before establishing reference vacuum in the AMH vacuum chamber. Failure to do so may result in damage to the binary mass pins and/or binary masses.

2.3.1.4.3 Connecting AMH Communications

Connect the AMH communication cable (6 ft. cable with circular connectors at each end) from the PG9000 Remote Electronics Module to the PG9000 Base. The cable carries bot h power and signal to the AMH -100-VAC once it is loa ded onto the PG9000 Base. See Section 3.7.2.1 for instructions to load the AMH onto the PG Base.

 Caution

Perform an AMH startup before loading AMH masses (see Section 2.4.10). Startup ensures that AMH binary mass pins are retracted and main mass columns are rotated correctly for loading. Installing the AMH over the masses before performing an AMH startup risks damaging internal AMH components.

2.3.1.5 Setting Up an AM H Mass Set

 Caution

Perform an AMH startup before loading AMH masses (see Section 2.4.10). Placing the AMH masses and the AMH on the PG9000 before performing an AMH startup risks damaging internal AMH components.

2. INSTALLATION

Inspecting Contents, Mass Set for mass set composition detail). Each mass is packed in a sealed pl as ti c bag an d the n pla ced i n a p r otect ive shi p ping in se rt .

 Caution

The stability over tim e of PG9000 pressure measu rements is a function of the stability of the masses loaded on the piston. Precautions should be taken in handling the masses to minimize influences that may change their mass. This includes always wearing protective gloves when handling the masses to avoid contaminating them with body oils and perspiration. Protective gloves are provided in the accessory kits of PG9000 Platforms.

SHOWN IS THE MS-AMH-100 MASS SET FOR THE AMH-100-VAC MASS HANDLER. SMALLER

MASS SETS MAY BE USED WITH AMH-100-VAC AND INCLUDE FEWER MAIN MASS DISCS.

Figure 5. AMH Mass Set

To install the AMH mas s set, follow the order of operation be low carefully (refer to Figure 5):

 Prepare the masses: O pen the shipping cases and remove all the mass es

and mass set elements from their plastic bags.

 Install a piston-cylinder module in the PG9000 Platform: See Section

2.1.1.3.

 Install the binary ma ss carrier: Place the pyram idal shaped carrier on top

of the piston cap.

 Install the mass loading bell: Slip the mass loading bell over the binary

mass carrier and slide it d o w n unt i l the ins ide top of the bell sits on the bin ary mass carrier.

 Install the main mass discs: Load the 10 kg main mass discs onto the

mass bell starting with mass #1 and loading in sequential order. Mass #1 should be at the bot tom of the stac k and the hig hest num ber mass at the top. The mass sequence num bers are laser marked on the top surface of each mass. Pass the m ass disc over and down the mass loading bell and center it on the ledge at the bottom of the bell. Load the rest of the main masses, sequentially, onto the bottom mass.

 Install the binary m ass tubes: Loa d the binary mass tubes concentrically

from the largest to smalles t, outside to inside. The largest, long tubes slip down between the m ain mass stack and the bell and res t on the ledge at the

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

bottom of the mass bell. The s maller masses load onto the pyramidal ste ps of the binary mass carrier.

 The mass loading p rocess is complete: The mass set is in the all loaded

position. The mas s lifting shaft/tr im mass tray assem bly is not yet ins talled. It will be attached af ter the AMH automated mass handler is ins talled over the masses on the platform (see Section 3.7.2.1).

 Create the mass set and mass loading bell in the PG Terminal: See

Sections 3.13.1.6 and 3.13.1.11.

2.3.1.6 Setting Up Vacuum Reference Hardware (Optional)

PG9000 may be operated in atm osphere ref erence or vacuum ref erence modes. For vacuum reference, the optional bell jar and vacuum reference accessories may be used (see Section 2.1.2.4).

To install the Vacuum reference accessories proceed as follows:  Setup the base: Install and setup the base, piston-cylinder and m ass set

per Sections 2.3.1.1 through 2.3.1.4.3. Ensure proper operation with atmospheric reference.

 Connect AMH Drive Vacuum: If not already performed, connect the A MH

drive vacuum connection (see Section 2.3.1.4.2).

 Install the PG9000 bell ja r: Ensure that the el astomeric seal is in p lace on

the lower lip of the bell jar. Place t he bell jar over the m asses and the AMH if present. The bell jar locates on the li p of the vacuum plate. Orient the ball jar such that the three KF40 connections are located conveniently for reference vacuum source, m anual vent and refer ence vacu um m easurement devices.

 Install the vacuum vent kit: The vacuum vent kit includes a manually

operated valve, a reducer, clamps and centering rings. Note that a KF40 centering ring with an integral mesh screen is provided to help prevent contaminants from entering the bell jar through the vent valve.

 Connect the reference vacuum source: Attach the vacuum source to one

of the KF40 ports on the bell jar. Tak e measures to ass ure that vacuum oil cannot return to the PG9000. Consider the need to shut-off the vacuum supply when vacuum is not desired in the vacuum chamber and the nee d to remove the Bell J ar from the PG900 0 Platform to acces s the piston-cylinder module, the mass set or the AMH if present.

 Install the reference vacuum sensor: Connect the vacuum gauge and

attached isolation valve to one of the KF40 ports on the bell jar using the attached reducer, elbow and centering rings.

 Caution

If using the standard PG 9000 reference vacuum sensor or any other capacitance diaphragm gauge, it is important to install in a vertical orientation. Due to gravitational influences installation in any other orientation may result in out of tolerance measurements.

 Establish communications to the vacuum sensor: Connect the vacuum

sensor or the vacu um sensor displa y to t he PG9 000 base Com2 port with a n RS232 communications ca ble. See Section 3.13.5.5 for inform ation on us i ng an external vacuum gauge.

 Level the platform if required: Use the PG9000 Bas e’s two leveling feet

and the level mounted on the front of the base.

2. INSTALLATION

2.3.2 Installing and Removing a PG9607 Piston-Cylinder Assembly

 Caution

Given the large diameter and small annular gap of the PG9607 pistoncylinder, it is very diffi cult to ins ert the pi ston into th e cylinder w ithout the aid of the alignment mechanism provided by the PG9607 platform mounting post and piston retaining assembly. There is a risk of co cking the piston in the cylinder. It is not recommended that the pisto n ever be put into the cylinder when the piston is not installed on the PG9607 mounting post.

Note

• For instructions on cleaning the PG9607 piston-cylinder see Section

5.3.3.

• For instructions on disassembling the PG9607 piston retaining

assembly see Section 5.3.1.

To operate the PG9607 platform, a piston-cylinder must be installed on its mounting post. To install a piston-cylinder assembly on the PG9607 platform, follow the sequential procedure below. This procedure may be used on the first and subsequent piston-cylinder installations; it may also be used in reverse order to remove a piston-cylinder. Numerical references in the procedure refer to Figure 6.

 Remove the piston retaining assembly (5). The PG9607 platform is del ivered with the

piston retaining assembly (5) installed in the mounting post (7). Holding the piston retaining assembly by the knurled surface (14), unscrew it (rotate CCW) fully from the mounting post and remove it. Avoid touc hi ng t he WHITE cylinder cen teri ng r i ng ( 15) as i t will eventually contact the critical inside surface of the cylinder.

 Check that the lower piston sealing O-ring (10a) is installed. The PG9607 pla tf orm is

delivered with the lower and upper pis ton sealing O-ri ngs (10a, 10b) and O -ring carriers installed loosely in the recess on the mounting post. Remove the upper O-ring and O-ring carrier (10b) and ret ain. Check that the lower O-ring and O-ring c arrier (10a) are present and properl y seated. (If needed two spare o-rings are included in the PG9607 platform accessory kit).

 Remove the piston (6) from its packing. Using lint free gloves or wipes to a void direc t

contact with the piston crit ical surface (polished app earance) remove the pist on (6) from its packing.

 Caution

Never handl e the piston or c ylinder with b are hands. Oil and acids from bare skin can damage the critical surfaces (polished appearance). The cylinder is part of the mass load and contamination can change its mass.

 Install the piston (6) on the mounting post (7). With th e end of the p iston etc hed with “X ”

and/or the ser ia l number UP ( 11) so th at it wi ll en ter the c ylin der fir st, sl ip the piston over the mounting post and slide it down until it seats on O-ring (10a.) Check that the end of the piston facing UP has “X” and/or the serial number marked on it.

 Install the piston retaining assembly (5). Place the upper O-ring and carrier (10a)

centered on the top surface of the piston. Hold the piston retaining assembly (5) by the knurled ring (14); avoid touching the white c ylinder centering ring (15) as it will event ually contact the c ritical ins ide surface of the cylinder . Thread the p iston retaini ng assembl y into the top of the mountin g post (7) and scre w it do wn car ef u l ly assuring tha t up p er O -ring carrier (10a) is not pinched. The assembly’s shoulder (13) should meet the top of the piston (11) with no gap betwee n the t wo surf aces . Ther e will be s om e resist ance f rom th e mount ing pos t O-

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

ring (12), only hand tightening is needed. Do not use tools to install the piston retaining assembl y. Tighten lightly by h and until the assem bly reaches the e nd of the engagement threads and surfaces (13) and (11) meet.

 Clean the piston (6) and the cylinder centering ring (15), consider cleaning the

cylinder (4). Using the quick method described in Section 5.3.3, clean the piston (6) and

the cylinder center ing ring (15). If this is the fir st piston-cylinder installatio n, also clean the cylinder (4). On subsequent installations consider cleaning the cylinder before installing it.

 Verify that the cylinder cap O-ring (3) is properly installed. R emove the cylinder (4) f r om

its packing. It is delivered with the cylinder cap O-ring (3) i nsta lled. Check that the O -ring is present and properly seated. If not, install one (an extr a on e is included i n th e p is t o n-cylinder accessori es). Use tweeze rs or another long narrow to ol. DO NOT touch the inside of t he cylinder.

 Verify that the cylinder adjustment mass (17) is properly installed. Check that the

cylinder adjusting mass (17) is present and completely threaded onto the cylinder retaining screw (2). This mass is used to adjust the total cylinder mass to the value reported in the calibration report.

 Install the cylinder (4) on the piston (6). Gently slip the cylinder (4) over the piston ( 6) .

The cylinder centering ring (15) aligns the cylinder on the piston facilitating the insertion process. Allo w the cylinder to slip all the way down the piston unti l it reaches end of stroke.

 Tighten the cylinder retaining screw (2). Using a 5 mm Allen tool (one is sup plied in

the PG9607 accessories), tighten the c ylinder retaining s crew (2) into the cylinder s troke limiter (16) of the pist o n ret ain ing as sembly (5). Turn t he s c re w CW to tighten. Si nce the cylinder stroke lim iter (16) is free to move within the piston retaining as sembly (5), the retaining screw (2) m ay rotate with the assem bly, failing to tighten. If this is the case, press down a bit or lift up on the s cre w to help it enga ge and ti ghten. T ight en ge ntl y until you can feel the cylinder cap O-ring (3) takes its seat in the cylinder stroke limiter.

Be sure the cylinder retaining screw (2) is tightened before applying pressure to the piston-cylinder. The cylinder stroke limiter (16) limits the cylinder’s upward movement preventing it from coming off the piston.

 Caution

2. INSTALLATION

 Cylinder Cap  Cylinder Retaining Screw  Cylinder Cap O-ring (Brown, Viton, 2-015)  Cylinder  Piston Retainer Assembly/Nut  Piston  Mounting Post (part of PG9607 platform)  Controlled Clearance Pressure (CCP) Inlet  Test Pressure Inlet  Piston Sealing O-ring – lower

(Brown Viton, 2-029)

 Piston Top Surface  Mounting Post O-ring (Brown, Viton, 2-019)  Piston Sealing O-ring – upper

(Brown Viton, 2-029)

 Piston Retainer Assembly Shoulder  Knurled Gripping Holding Surf ace  Cylinder Centering Ring  Cylinder Stroke Limiter  Adjustment Mass

Figure 6. PG9607 Piston-Cylinder Installation

 Caution

The PG9607 is intended t o use the PC-9607-5 piston cylinder ass embly. It is also possible to use the PC-7607-5 piston cylinder assembly (formerly sold with model PG7607 piston gauge) with no modifications in the mounting method or

components.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

2.4 Power Up And Verification

2.4.1 Power Up

 Caution

Ensure that all PG9000 electrical connections are made b efore powering on the PG9000 (see Section 2.3.1.1). Disconnecting and/or reconnecting any PG9000 cable while power is ON may result in damage to PG9000 internal components.

Turn the PG9000 power ON b y press ing the power ON/O FF switc h on t he rear panel of the PG Terminal. O bserve the PG term inal display as the terminal connects with the PG9000 Remote Electronics Module, tests, initializes and goes to the main run screen (see Section 3.9).

If <….Searching…..> displays for more than 5 seconds, the communications between the PG9000 Remote Electronics Module and the PG Terminal are failing. Check that the PG9000 to PG Terminal cable is properly installed.

If PG900 f ails to reach t he main run s creen, serv ice may be required. Record the s equence of operations and displays observed and contact a Fluke Calibration Authorized Service Provider (see Table 28).

2.4.2 Check That On-board Piston-Cylinder Module And Mass Set Information Are Correct

PG9000 uses stored pist on-cylinder and mass set metrologica l information to calculate the reference pressures it defines (see Section 3.1). For the pressure v alues to be correct, the stored metrological information on the piston-c ylinder, mass set and m ass loading bell must be correct. Before using PG 9607 for accurate pres sure definition, the validity of the s tored information should be v erified. This cons ists of com paring the piston-c ylinder, mass set and mass loading be ll inform ation stor ed in PG9000 to t he inform ation in t he curre nt pist on-cylinder and mass set calibration reports.

To verify the PG9000 piston-cylinder, mass s et and mass loading bell information, use the piston-cylinder and mass set viewing capabilities accessed by pressing [SPECIAL], <1PC/MS> (see Section 3.13.1). Compare all the information contained in the PG9000 piston-cylinder, mass set and mass loading bell files to the information on the current piston-cylinder, mass set and mass loading bell calibration reports.

2.4.3 Set Local Gravity Value

PG9607 uses the value of local acceleration due to gravity (gl) in its calculation of the reference pressure it d ef ine s (s ee Sect ion 3.1). The correct va lue of local ac c eler atio n du e to gravity at the site of PG9000 use must be entered. This is accomplished by pressing

[SPECIAL], <6gl> (see Section 3.13.6) and editing the value of local gravity.

2.4.4 Setup Pressure Equation Variable Input Sources

PG9000 uses m any variables in calculating defined pr essures. The sources of the vari ables are determined by the current SETUP file. SETUP files are viewed, created, edited and selected using the SETUP function accessed by pressing [SETUP] (see Section 3.12). A factory SETUP file is available and already selected on a ne w PG9000, but the operator may desire to customize it. The factory setup file assumes that PG9000’s internal measurement values will be used whenever possible.

2. INSTALLATION

2.4.5 Check Proper Operation Of Ambient Condition Measurements

PG9000 automatically measures ambient conditions and uses these conditions in its pressure calculations.

To verify that the ambient condition measurements are operating properly proceed as follows:

• Display current ambient condition readings: Press [AMBIENT]. The ambient conditions run screen is displayed (see Section 3.11.6).

• Verify proper ambient condition readings: Compare the ambient condition values displayed to the actu al values of ambient conditions. Refer to the ambient condi tion measurement specifications when evaluating the ambient readings (see Section

1.2.1.3).

Note

• The unit of measure in which ambient pressure is displayed is the

same as the unit selected by pressing [UNIT] (see Section 3.11.3). Units of measure in which other ambient condition values are expressed cannot be changed.

• PG9000 allows the source of ambient condition values used in

reference pressure calculations to be specified. The source may be PG9000’s on-board measurements, a normal value or operator entered values. See Sect ion 3.12 for information on specifying the source of ambient condition values used by PG9000 in reference pressure calculations.

2.4.6 Apply Pressure To The Piston-Cylinder Module

Note

• This section assumes that the PG9000 system has alread y been set

up, including pressure interconnection (see Sec tion 2.3).

• PG9607 is a unique configuration of PG9000 that utilizes a floating

cylinder with a stationary piston. This is in contrast with other PG9000 models that use a floating piston and a stationary cylinder. For consisten cy ‘Piston’ refers to the floating component on which mass is loade d i n thi s an d ot her no te d sec ti ons .

 Caution

Before applying pressure to the PG9000 system, be sure that all pressure vessels and connections are rated for the pressure levels that will be applied and that all connections have been properly tightened.

Continuing with the PG9000 set up and check out requires applying pressure to the pistoncylinder module and floating the piston.

Proceed as follows:

 Turn OFF automated piston rotation and automated pressure generation (if

present). This will prevent the automated rotation and pres sure generation features (if

present) from interfering during verification of these features (see Sections 3.11.8 and

3.11.9 for information on automated piston rotation and pressure generation).

 Load mass on the piston. Ins tall the mass loading bell on the piston. Then l oad the

make up m ass (4 or 9 kg) (see Sec tion 2.3.1.3). If the PG9000 platform is equipped with AMH automated mass handling, press [ENTER] and enter a low value of pressure or mass to cause mass to be loaded onto the piston.

 Float the piston. Use the pressure generation/control component of the PG9000 system

to apply pressure un der the piston thr ough the PG9000 Platform TEST por t. The piston will float at a pressure approximately equal to the piston m ass to pressure conversion

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

factor multiplied by the m ass load in kg. The piston-cylinder conversion f actor is marked on the top of the piston cap and is in either kPa or MPa per kilogram [kPa/kg or MPa/kg].

If the piston cannot be floated becaus e it immediately sinks down from a float position, there is a leak in the pressure system. Identify and eliminate leaks until th e pi ston , on c e flo ated , fal ls a t a rat e le ss th an th e no min al f all rate given in the specifications of the piston-cylinder module being used (see Section 1.2.2).

2.4.7 Check Proper Behavior Of Motorized Piston Rotation

PG9607 is a unique configuration of PG9000 that utilizes a floating cylinder with a stationary piston. This is in contrast with other PG9000 models that use a floating piston and a stationary cylinde r. For consistency ‘Piston’ refers to the floating component on which mass is loaded in this and other noted sections.

The motorized rotation feature can be set to engage and disengage automatically as needed to maintain the floating piston rotating within a set rotation rate range when floati ng, and to stop rotati on before mass manipulation to set a different pressure occurs (see Section 3.11.8). Motorized piston rotation can also be activated manually by pressing [ by pressing and holding [

Turn autom ated rotation OFF b y pressing [ROTATE] and sel ecting <1off>. Load at least the mass bell on the piston, float the piston and press [ motorized r otation s ystem shou ld engage an d cause t he mass b ell and pist on to begin r otating. Within 5 to 30 seconds, depending on the mass load, the rotation rate should reach about 50 rpm. Current rotation rate can be observed by pressing [SYSTEM] (see Section 3.11.5).

] and then pressing [←] (see Section 3.11.13).

Note

]. Stopping piston rotation can be activated

]. When the piston is floating, the

2.4.8 Check Proper Operation Of Piston Behavior Measurements

Note

Float the piston and rotate it (see Sections 2.4.6 and 2.4.7). Press [SYSTEM] once to r each the f irst SYST EM run s creen. Verify that the piston p osition,

piston fall/rise rate, pisto n rotation rate and piston r otation decay rate ar e indicating correc tly (see Section 3.11.5). The piston position reading system may be calibrated using an onboard procedure if necessary (see Section 5.2.2). Calibration of piston position is recommended when installing a new PG9000 and regularly after installation.

Press [SYSTEM] again to r each t he sec ond S YSTE M run sc re en. Ver ify th at the pisto n-cylinder temperature and temperature rate of change are indicating correctly (see Section 3.11.5).

2.4.9 Verify Vacuum Reference

PG9000 includes provisions for establishing and measuring a vacuum reference. To verify the vacuum reference capability:

 Install a piston-cylinder module (see Sec ti on 2.3.2).  Install the bell jar on the PG9000 Bas e (the bell jar a ligns on the PG9000 vacuum plate

and seals itself).

2. INSTALLATION

 Add a reference vacu um sensor to one of the KF40 ports on the bell jar (see Section

2.3.1.6).

 Apply a vacuum through another KF40 port on the bel l j ar, sealing o ther bell jar openi ngs

with caps.

 Press [SYSTEM] twice to observe the value of vacuum read by the PG9000 vacuum

gauge.

If a vacuum pump of adequate capacity has been correctly connected to the reference vacuum port, the vacuum read by the PG9000 vacuum gauge shou ld go to 4 Pascal [Pa] or lower in less than five minutes on the first pump down and two to three minutes on immediately subsequent pump downs.

If this performance is NOT achieved:

• The vacuum pump may be inadequate.

• The connection of the vacuum pump to the PG9000 bell jar may have leaks or

excessive restrictions.

• The PG9000 vacuum gauge may be incorrect.

• There may be a leak in the PG9000.

2.4.10 AMH Start Up/Verification

 Caution

Perform an AMH startup before loading AMH masses (see Section 2.4.10). Startup en sures that AMH binary m ass pins ar e retracted and main m ass columns are rotated correctly for loading. Installing the AMH over the masses befo re performing an AMH startup risks damaging internal AMH components.

Perform the initial verif ication of the AMH mass loading s ystem with no masses loaded on the piston-cylinder, with the AMH lo aded on the pl atform and with th e AMH conne cted to the platform pressure and electrical connection. Be sure to match the pressure (red) and the vacuum/vent (blue) connections. Do not install masses and the AMH together on the platform until steps  through  below have been completed.

 Caution

A drive vacuum supply must be connect ed to AMH VENT when using a PG9000 in “absolute by vacuum” mode. Always check that AMH is supplied with drive vacuum before est ablishing reference vacuum in the AMH vacuum chamber. Failure to do so may result in damage to the binary mass pins and/o r binary mas ses.

To verify the AMH mass handler prior to installing it on the PG9000 Platform, proceed as follows:

 Make the necessary pres sure, power and communications connect ions: Complete

the set up procedure described in Section 2.3.1.

 Caution

Do not operate AMH with drive pressure lower than 275 kPa (40 psi). Damage to the AMH could result.

 Insert the mass lifting shaft into the AMH: Insert the s haft into the hole in th e center of

the AMH mass lifter and s lide it down until the trim mass tray sits on the to p of the lifter. This arrangement trips the AMH’s internal proxim ity sensor allowing the AMH system to be operated off of the PG9607 Platform without an actual mass load.

 Select an AMH mass set and mass bell as the ac tive mass set and bell f or the PG9000:

This step can be sk ipped if the AMH m ass s et and bell have alread y been se lected, if so go directly to step . On the PG Terminal, press [S P EC IAL], <1PC/MS>, <3mass bel l >,

<5select> and select th e m as s bell of t he AMH mass set. Using [SPECIAL], <1PC/MS>, <2mass set>, <5select >, s elect a n AMH m as s set (m ass s et desig nated b y S/N nnnnA).

Selecting the AMH mass set causes the PG9000 Platform to attempt to establish

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

communication with the AMH system. If the communication fails, an error message occurs (see Sections 3.7.2.8, 6).

If communication succeeds, the PG9000 initializes the AMH mass handler. The trim

mass tray should rise appr oximately 2.5 cm (1 in.) above the top of the lifter; followed b y the sound of the m ain mass selection c olumns rotatin g. Then the trim mass tray should be lowered back down. T he steps of this proced ure are commented on t he PG Term inal display as they execut e. If the seque nce does not co mplete and/or an y error messages are observed, see Section 6 and Table 10 for troubleshooting assistance. If the sequence completes, the AMH system has been cleared and put into a known s tate in which all mass holding ledges and pins are retracted so that it can safely be slipped down over the AMH mass set and installed on the PG9000 Platform.

The PG9000 Platform must be able to initialize the AMH system before start up can

proceed.

 Clear the AMH and test its operation: Press [SPECIAL], <8AMH>, <2control>,

<3loadall>. The tr im mass tr ay shou ld ris e approx im atel y 2.5 cm (1 in.) a bove the to p of

the lifter, followed by the sound of the m ain mass selection col umns rotating. Then t he trim mass tray should be lowered back down. The steps of this procedure are commented on the PG Terminal display as they occur. If the sequence does not complete and/or any error messages are observed, see Section 6 and Table 10 for troubleshooting assis ta nce. If the sequence completes, the AMH mass handler has been cleared and put into a known state in which all mass holding ledges and pins are retracted so that it can safel y be slipped down over the mass set and installed on the PG9000 Platform.

 Remove the AMH from the platform: Once the AMH has been cleared it can be

removed and the AMH mass set can be loaded for operation.

If desired, visually inspect the condition of the AMH mass hand ler by caref ully tippin g the

AMH to look inside. T he main m ass selec tion colum ns should ha ve the ir all flat s urfaces (no ledges) oriented towards the center and all binary mass selection pins should be retracted (see Section 3.7.1).

When this step is complete, the AMH masses and mass handler are ready to be installed

on the PG9000 Platform (see Sections 2.3.1.4.3 and 3.7.2.1).

2.4.11 Check Automated Pressure Generation (If Present)

 Caution

To check automated pressure generation/control:  Verify that the autom ated pressure generation/contr ol component is properly co nnected

to the system (see Section 2.3.1.2).

 When ope rat ion has r etur ne d to t he m ain r un sc re en, turn O N a utom at ed pr ess ure g ener ati on

control, if available, by pressing [GEN] and selecting <1on> (see Section 3.11.9).

 Press [P

Press [ENTER] and enter a pressure valu e to be gener ated and follow the m ass loading instruction (see Section 3.6).

 Verify the pressure g eneration/c ontro l component pr operl y generates pr essure an d floats

the PG9000 piston.

OR M], <1pressure> to select pressure entry mode (see Section 3.11.12).

2.4.12 Check/Set Security Level

PG9000 has a security s ystem based on User Levels . By default, the secur ity system is set to low and NO password is required to cha nge the security level. See Section 3.13.4.5 for information on the s ecurity s ystem. As part of the PG9000 startup, set your desired sec urity level and a password.

2. INSTALLATION

 Caution

PG9000 is delivered with the security leve l set to low to avoid inadvertent altering of critical internal settings but with access to changing security levels unrestricted. It is recommended that the low security level be maintained at all times and passw ord prote ction b e imple mented if cont rol over setting of security levels is desired.

2.4.13 Addit ional Precautions to Tak e Before Ma ki ng Pressure Measurements

Before using PG9000 to make accurate pressure measurements, consider the following:

• Select/activate the correct piston-cylinder module, mass set and mass loading bell (see Sections 3.11.2, 3.13.1.10, 3.13.1.15).

• If using an automated pressure generation/control component with automated pressure generation, set the pressure controller’s upper limit (UL) (see Section

3.11.9.3).

• Enter the correct value of local gravity at the site of use (see Section 3.13.6).

• Consider head corrections (see Sections 3.11.7 and 3.13.3).

• Level the PG9000 Platform properly (see Section 2.3.1.1).

• Select the correct pressure unit of measure and measurement mode (s ee Sections

3.11.3 and 3.11.4).

• Verify that the settings for the sources of variables to be used by PG9607 in its calculations of reference pressures are those desired (see Section 3.12).

• Verify that the piston-cylinder module is correctly cleaned and operating properly (see Section 5.3).

• Verify that there are NO leaks in the pressure system.

2.5 Short Term Storage

The following is recommended for short term storage of PG9000.

 Remove all masses from the PG9000 Platform (manual mass set only).  Vent all circuits to atmosphere.  Turn OFF power using the power switch on the rear of the PG9000 Terminal.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Notes

3. General Operati on

3.1 Fundamental Operating Principles

Note

PG9607 is a unique configuration of PG9000 that utilizes a floating cylinder with a stationary piston. This is in contrast with other PG9000 models that use a floating piston and a stationary cylinder. For consistency ‘Piston’ refers to the floating component on which mass is loaded in th is and other noted sections.

PG9000s operate on the pr inciple of the pist on gauge in which pr essure is define d by balancing it aga inst a known force on a known area (see Figure 7). The known area is defined by a vertically mounted piston rotating in a cylinder and the known force is applied to the piston by loading it with known mass subjected to acceleration due to gravity. When the force applied by the pressure and the force applied by the mass accelerat e d by gravit y are in eq u i librium, the p iston floats and the pres sure under t h e p is t on remains c onstant. The pressure can be calculated following the equation in Figure 7) (see also, Section 7.2). For pure gas pistoncylinders the pressurized fluid under the piston also lubricates the gap between the piston and the cy linde r.

Figure 7. Piston Gauge Operating Principle

The PG9000 Platform is designed to mount a variety of piston-cylinder sizes, allow pressure to be applied under the pis ton and all ow mass es to be loade d on top of the piston. The PG96 07 Platform , in partic ular, is designed to mount a 50 mm diameter piston with a floating cylinder with masses loaded on top of the cylinder.

The measurement uncer tainty in the press ure defined b y the piston gauge depe nds on the uncertaint y in the effective area of the piston-cylinder and the force applied by the mass accelerated by gravity. PG9000 stores th e calibrated values of the piston-cylinders and masses it uses in on-board files (see Section 3.13.1). To determine the effective area of the piston-cylinder and the force applied by the masses under actual oper ating conditions, a num ber of influences on these values must be quantified and taken into consideration. For this reason, PG9000 includes extensive features to monitor the behavior and conditio ns of the piston-cylinder as well as am bient c ondit ions that af fect pr essur e definition (see Sections 3.11.5 and 3.11.6). PG9000 uses the piston-cylinder, mass and ambient condition information to calculate t he pressure defined b y a given mass load or the mas s load needed to define a given pressure (see Secti on 7.2). The source of each value used by PG9000 in its calculations can be selected by the user between PG9000’s internal measurements, normal values or user entered values. These sources are defined in SETUP files (see Section 3.12).

Once PG9000 has been set up, it is used in day-to-day operation either to define pressures applied to a device or system under test or to measure a stable pressure. To interface with the PG Terminal, the ope rato r:

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

allow very commonly used

are for execution,

 Selects the appropriate pist on-cylinder to cover the pressure range (see Section 3.13.1.5).  Selects the desired pressure unit of measure (see Section 3.11.3).  Selects the desired pressure measurement mode (gauge, absolute, differential) (see Section 3.11.4).  Sets the head difference between the PG9000 and the device under test (see Section 3.11.7).  Selects mass to pressure or pressure to mass operating mode (see Section 3.11.12).  Enters a pressure to define or a current mass load to calculate (see Section 3.11.11.1 and 3.11.11.2).  Loads masses by hand or with optional AMH automated mass handler, floats piston and defines

pressure.

3.2 Keypad Layout And Protocol

PG9000 has a 4 x 4 keypad for local operator access to direct functions, function menus and for data entry.

 The Function/Data keys

functions to be accessed directly from t he main run screen by a single keystroke. The name of the function is on the bottom half of the key (see Section 3.11.1). These keys enter numerical values when editing.

 The Editing and Execution keys

suspending execution, backing up in menus and editing entries.

 The Men u/Data keys provide access to function m enus from

the main run screen. The menu name is on the bottom half of the key. The SETUP menu is for more frequently used functions. The SPECIAL menu is for functions that are NOT generally used as a part of day to day operation. These keys enter numerical values when editing.

Figure 8. PG9000 Keypad Layout

Key press co nfirm ation is pro vide d by bo th tac tile an d audi ble fe edbac k. A singl e beep c onf irms a valid e ntr y. A descendin g two note tone signals an invalid entry. The audible v alid entr y feedbac k can be s uppresse d or modified by pressing [SPECIAL] and selecting <5prefs>, <2sound> (see Section 3.13.4.2).

Pressing the [ENTER/SET P] k ey generally causes execution or forward movement in the menu tree. [ENTER/SET P] is also used to enter a command to set a pressure.

Pressing the [ESCAPE] key generally allo ws movement back in th e menu tree and/or causes execution to cease or suspend without changes being implemented. Pressing [ESCAPE] repeatedly eventually returns to the main run screen. From the main run screen, pressing [ESCAPE] allows momentary viewing of the PG9607 identification screen.

Pressing the [+/-] key cha nges a numerical sign wh en editing. It also toggles through multiple scree ns when available.

Pressing the [ data entry. These keys are also used to scroll through choices.

Menu selections can be made by pressing the n umber of the selection direct ly or by pressing [

→] to place the cursor on the number of the desired selection and pressing [ENTER].

[

←] and [→] k eys when editing allows r everse and forward c ursor movement when editing

←] and

3. GENERAL OPERATION

* * * 100.4755 kPa g h

+ 0.1 mm 10.00564 kg

Note

Some screens go beyond the two lines provided by the display. This is indicated by a flashing arrow in the second line of the display. Press [

←] and [→] to move the cursor to access the lines that are NOT visible or directly enter the number of the hidden menu choice if you know it.

3.3 Sounds

The PG Terminal is equipped with a variable frequency tone device to provide audible feedback and alarms. Som e sounds can be modified and all sounds can be suppressed (see Section 3.13.4.2). Sounds are used for the following indications:

Valid key press

Invalid key press

Piston left end of stroke high

or low

Brief high frequency beep. Three rapid, low frequency beeps. Three rapid valid key press beeps. P iston was at lo w stop or high stop and

just entered spring zone (see Section 3.5).

3.4 Pressure Ready/Not Ready Indication

The three characters on th e top l ine, f ar lef t, of the m ain r un sc reen pr ovide a pr essur e Ready /Not R eady indication. This indic ation is intended to g ive the user a clear and objective indication of when PG9000 conditions are such that the value of pressure it is defining is valid and in tolerance. There are three Ready/Not Ready ind ication c haracters t o indicat e the status of the t hree m ain Ready/No t Ready criteria. The Ready/Not Ready indication characters are shown on the first line, top left hand side, of the main run screen.

Note

PG9607 is a unique configuration of PG9000 that utilizes a floating cylinder with a stationary piston. This is in contrast with other PG9000 models that use a floating piston and a stationary cylinder. For consistency ‘Piston’ refers to the floating component on which mass is loaded in th is and other noted sections.

1. Piston position and vertical m ovem ent.

2. Piston rotation.

3. Reference vacuum (PG9000 in absolute by vacuum measurement mode only).

For each Ready/ Not Rea dy in dicat ion c harac ter , <*> indicates a Ready conditio n. T herefor e, <***> or <** > indicates that all cond itions necessar y for an in tolerance pr essure definition are present. An y indication other than <*> indicates Not Ready.

See Sections 3.4.1, 3.4.2 and 3.4.3 for details on each of the three Ready/Not Ready indicating characters.

The criteria used to distinguish between Ready and Not Ready conditions can be customized by the user (see Secti o n s 3.4.1, 3.4.2, 3.4.3).

Note

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

3.4.1 Piston Position Ready/Not Ready

The piston position Ready/Not Ready character indicates Ready or Not Ready based on the position of the piston in its vertical stroke (see Section 3.5) and an automated measure generation status (se e Section 3.11.9). This ensur es that press ure definit ions will be made with the pis ton not more th an a c ert ain dist anc e fr om m id-float pos iti on an d th at m eas ur em ents will not b e m ad e while the action of an automated pressure controller may influence the pressure.

The piston position R eady/Not Ready character is the f irst character from the lef t on the top line of the main run screen.

The piston position Ready/Not Ready criterion is determ ined by the current SETUP file and can be customized by the user (see Section 3.12).

Piston position Ready/ N ot Ready character indications include: <*> Piston position Ready (wi thin the positio n limits s pecified in the curr ent SETUP file)

(see Section 3.5).

↓> Piston position Not Ready, low (below t he position limits specified in the current

SETUP file, see Secti on 3.12). The < position to alert the user that this indicator is Not Ready.

↑> Piston position Not Ready, high (above the posit ion limits specified in the current

SETUP file) (see Sec tion 3.12). The < position to alert the user that this indicator is Not Ready.

<?> Piston position not known (current specified mass load is less than the load of the piston

+ bell). The bell must be installed for PG9000 piston position measurement to operate correctly so piston posi tion values shown are not valid when the bel l is not in stalled.

Note

↓> flashes if the pis ton is not at t he b ottom stop

↑> flashes if th e piston is not at the to p stop

Note

Piston position always indicates Not Ready if automated pressure generation is adjusting pressure, regardless of actual piston position.

3.4.2 Piston Rotation Ready/ Not Re ady

Note

PG9607 is a unique configuration of PG9000 that utilizes a floating cylinder with a stationar y p i st on. This is in contrast with other PG9000 models that use a floating piston and a stationary cylinde r. For consistency ‘Piston’ refers to the floating component on which mass is loaded in this and other noted sections.

The piston rotation Rea dy/Not Ready character in dicates Ready or Not R eady based on the rotation rate of the piston.

The piston rotation Ready/ Not Ready character is the sec ond character from the left on the top line of the main run screen.

The piston rotation rate Ready/Not Ready criterion is specific to the currently active piston cylinder module and can be edited by the user (see Sections 3.13.1.1).

Piston rotation rate Ready/Not Ready character indications include: <*> Rotation rate Ready: Rotation rate is within the rotation rate lim its specified in the

current piston-cylinder module file) (see Section 3.13.1.1).

<> Rotation rate Not Ready, low: Rotation rate is less than the lower rotation r ate limit

specified in the current piston-cylinder module file (see Section 3.13.1.1)

3. GENERAL OPERATION

or motorized rotati on system is currently engaged. Note that the low rotation limit is automatically reduce d when the mass loaded on the piston is l ess than 3 kg. The

<> flashes if the piston is floating to alert the user that this indicator is Not Ready.

<?> Rotation rate not known: Current specified mass load is less than the load of the

(piston + bell). The bell must be installed for PG9000 piston rotation rate measurement to operate correctly so piston rotation rate cannot be measured when the bell is not installed.

Note

At mass loads less than 3 kg the low rotation limit is automatically reduced to an operational minimum to maximize free rotation ti me.

3.4.3 Vacuum Reference Ready/Not Ready

The vacuum reference Ready/Not Ready is only active when operating in absolute by vacuum mode (see Section 3.11.4).

The vacuum reference Ready/Not Ready charac ter indicates Ready or Not Ready based o n the value of refer ence vacuum when making measurem ents in absolute by vacuum mode. This ensures that definition s of abs olute pres sure with a vacu um ref erence will b e made with the vacuum under the PG 9000 bell jar lower tha n a sp ecif ied value. When the vacuum is not low enough, vacuum measurement errors may be excessive.

The vacuum refer ence Ready/Not Ready character is the third c haracter from the left on the top line of the main run screen.

The vacuum reference R eady/Not Ready criterion is determined b y the current SET UP file and can be custom ized by the user (see Section 3.12). The vacuum reference criterion is a fixed value that c an b e c ustom ized b y the user whe n the vacuum ref erenc e selec tion i n the SETUP f ile is COM2. If the selec tion in t he SETU P file is user or normal, the vacuum reference Ready/Not Ready character always indicates Ready and the value cannot be customized.

Vacuum reference Ready/Not Ready character indications include: < > (Blank) Vacuum referen ce Ready/Not Read y is not in use. Vacuum reference is

not present and enabled or current measurement mode is not absolute by vacuum.

<*> Vacuum reference Ready. Vacuum value is below limit specified in the current

SETUP file if source is COM2 or user (not a measured value) (see Section 3.12).

< > > Vacuum reference Not Ready. Current SETUP file source for vacuum is COM2

and vacuum value is above the limit spec ified (see Se ction 3.12). The < the piston is floating to alert the user that this indicator is Not Ready.

>> flash es if

3.5 Piston Position

Note

PG9607 is a unique configuration of PG9000 that utilizes a floating cylinder with a stationary piston. This is in contrast with other PG9000 models that use a floating piston and a stationary cylinder. For consistency ‘Piston’ refers to the floating component on which mass is loaded in th is and other noted sections.

When operating a PG9000 piston gau ge, reference pr essure values are defined b y loading known m ass values on the piston and adjusting the pressure to float the piston. Piston position is measured and displayed real time on the MAIN run s creen (see Section 3.9) and in the first SYSTEM run screen (see Section 3.11.5.1). Piston position is used as a criterion for the Ready/Not Ready indication as valid measurements can only be made when the piston is in the correct position (see Section 3.4.1).

The full piston stroke is ± 4.5 mm from the midstroke position. The stroke is divided into different positions and zones as illustrated in Figure 9. These zones are:

• High and low stops: The piston is at the minimum or maximum end of s tr oke. The pres s ure app li ed to the piston is higher (at high stop) or lower (at low stop) than th at corr es ponding to the mass loaded on the piston. The high and low stop positions are fixed.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

• High and low spring zones: The combination of pressure and the force of the h igh or low stop springs have caused t he piston to leave the stop. The pres sure applied to t he piston is within the equivalent of 2 kg of the press ure cor respond ing to th e m ass loaded on t he pis ton. T he high an d low spring zones indicate the piston is about to float. The spring zone positions are fixed.

• High and low measurement zones: The piston is within the zone in which a Ready measurement can be made (see Secti on 3.4.1). The press ure applied to the pisto n is the pressure cor responding to the mass loaded on the piston. The default value of the high and low measurement zones is ± 2.5 mm around midstroke position. This value can be adjusted in the SETUP file (see Section 3.12).

• Midstroke: The piston is at the middle of its stroke. The bottom of the piston (or its equivalent for hollow pistons) is at the reference level marked on the mounting post (see Section 3.11.7). There is equal stroke available to the high and low stops.

Note

The piston position monitoring system is driven by the internal ring in the base of the mass loading bell. When the bell is not installed, piston position cannot be measured. If the current mass load is less than the mass of the piston + bell, PG9000 will display < ---- > where piston position is normally displayed. If the current mass load is greater than the mass of the piston + bell but the bell is not actually installed, the piston position indication is not valid.

Figure 9. Piston Stroke and Zones

3.6 Manual Mass Loading

 PURPOSE

To provide the operator with mass loading instructions and allow mass entry in convenient nominal values which PG9000 can accurately convert to measured mass values to determine the actual mass load.

 PRINCIPLE

All PG9000 manual mas s set masses of 0.1 kg and abo ve, including those in the mass set, the mass loading bell and the piston assembly, are adjusted so that their true mass is within ± 20 ppm of their nominal value. The nominal value is m arked on each m ass. Each m ass’s actual individual value is measured more accurately than ± 20 ppm and reported in the mass set, mass loading bell or pistoncylinder module calibration report. These measured actual values are used by PG9000 in all of its defined pressure calcu lations. The nominal mas s values, and the sequent ial numbers of the nominal masses when there are severa l of the same value, ar e used by PG9000 to desc ribe the mas s to load or the mass that is loaded. Following a few simple mass loading rules allows PG9000 to accurately transform actual mass values into nominal mass values and vice-versa so that mass loading instructions to the operator and the operator mass entries can be made in simple nominal mass instructions while representing actual individual mass values.

Since the nominal mas s values written o n the masses and the actual values of the individual mass es are different, in pressure to mass mode (see Section 3.11.12) the actual mass value loaded on the

3. GENERAL OPERATION

Load nominal mass:

kg and gg.gg g

piston will be diff erent f rom the m ass loading ins truct ion. In th e s ame manner, i n mas s to pres sure mode the nominal value of the m ass load that the operator enters is different from the actual mass loaded on the piston. The mass value shown in the MAIN run screen (see Section 3.9) is always the actual mass value. The mass loading instruction given i n pressure to mas s mode and th e mass value entered by the operator in mass to pres sure mode is alwa ys the nominal m ass value. If PG9000 mass loading protocol is f oll o wed , the c on vers i on f r om nominal mass to actual m a ss occurs correc tl y allo w ing very simple nom inal mass loading and accoun ting for the operator wh ile using very accurate m easured mass values for metrological calculations.

 OPERATION

Note

To avoid wear to masses and to the piston-cylinder module end of stroke stops, the piston should not be rotating when masses are loaded or unloaded. Before loading masses, stop piston rotation by hand or using the motorized rotation system (see Section 3.11.13).

PG9000 ins tructions to t he operator of mass to load, and operator entr ies of the m ass that is loaded, are always expressed in t erms of nominal mas s within 0.1 k g and in term s of grams for values under 0 .1 kg. This protocol is also followed when using the AMH automated mass handler.

In press ure to mass mode, the instruction of the mass to load to achieve the requested pressure is formatted:

kkk.k

In mass to pressure m ode, the entry of the mas s currently loaded on the piston is formatted:

kkk.k

kkk.k and gg.gg must be expressed and loaded following the mass loading rules below:

Mass Loading Rules

See Sections 2.3.1.3, I nstall ing Mass es On Th e Mass Loa ding Tra y

and 3.6. for PG9000 m ass set pr inciples and protocol information. Refer to display examples immediately above to identify kkk.k and gg.gg. See EXAMPLES: Mass Loading below for mass loading examples.

PG9000 mass loading entries and instructions are always formatted: kkk.k kg and nn.nn g

• The mass set being us ed must be select ed as the ac tive mass s et (see Section 3.13.1.10) and must

be properly set up prior to use (see Section 3.13.1.6).

• kkk.k is made up of the piston, the m ass loading bell and mass set masses of 0.1 kg and gr eater.

When using an AMH mass set, the binary mass carrier and mass lifting shaft are also included.

• kkk.k always includes the mass loading bell and then the makeup mass, if possible.

• kkk.k is made up of the largest masses possible rather than a combination of smaller masses.

EXAMPLE: To load 11.1 kg on a PG9607:

• USE the piston (1.3 kg) + the mass loading bell (0.8 kg) + the 9 kg makeup mass.

• DO NOT USE the piston + the mass loading bell + 5 kg + 2 kg #1 + 2 kg #2.

When several masses of the same nom inal value are included in kkk.k, they are loaded in numerical sequence, low to high.

EXAMPLE: When loading three 10 kg masses:

This rule will be followed automatically if masses are installed and used as described in Section 2.3.1.3.

• USE 10 kg mass #1, #2 and #3.

• DO NOT USE 10 kg mass #4, #3, #1.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

• gg.gg is made up of mass from the gram trim mass set (masses of 50 g to 0.01 g). Thes e masses

can be loaded in any order.

 Caution

When PG9000 provides mass loadin g instructions and calculates the true mass of the mass currently loaded, it assumes that the mass set in use has been set up correctly (see Section 2.3.1.3). For PG9000 mass loading protocol to operate properly, the mass set in use must be EXACTLY the mass set that has been defined by the add and/or edit mass function (see Section 3.13.1.6).

EXAMPLE: Manual Mass Loading

• Mass loading instruction using PG9607 and an

MS-7002-80 (80 kg) mass set:

77.7 kg and 10.45 g

Load:

 cylinder (1.3 kg)  bell (0.8 kg)  9 kg #1 (makeup mass)  10 kg #1 through #6  5 kg #1  1 kg  0.5 kg #1  0.1 kg #1  10.45 g from trim mass set

3.7 AMH Mass Loading

3.7.1 Operating Principals

Note

Numerical reference in this section refers to Figure 10.

The purpose of the AM H system is to autom atically load specified values of m ass onto the PG9000 piston-cylinder. This is accomplished by lifting the complete mass set up off and above the piston-cylinder to the mass selection position, selecting the individual masses to be loaded and retained, and then placing the masses to be loaded back onto the piston.

To accomplish the m ass lifting, s election and lowering f unction, the A MH mass handl er uses four main sub-systems.

1. Electronic and electrical controls (7): The AMH elec tronic and electrical cont rols are located just above the mass lifter, under a protective cap. These support the AMH operating logic, a proximity sensor to detect mass load position, reading of the main mass selection colum n switches, operat ion of the colum n rotating motor and actuation of the pneumatic control solenoid valves.

2. Mass lifter (8): The mass lifter is used to lift the entire mass load to the mass selectio n position and then to lower the selected masses onto the piston. The mass lifter is pneumatically actuated. A flexible diaphragm (4) is connected to a lifting assembly (5). A three-way solenoid va lve (e.g. 9) can be actuated to admit or exhaust drive a ir pressure to and from the volum e under the diaphragm. Adm itting drive pressure forc es the lifting assembly up. Exhaus ting the press ure lo wers it. The press ure is ex haust ed out side the vacuum chamber, to the AMH drive vacuum supply when there is vacuum in the chamber.

3. GENERAL OPERATION

3. As the mass lifting assembly (5) rises, it engages a ledge on the m ass lifting shaft(6), pushing it up. The mass lifting shaft is connec ted to the bi nary mas s carr ier (10) and the mass bell(1) sits on the b inary mass carrier. As the mass lif ting shaft goes up, it lifts the binary carrier and t he bell, which in tur n lifts the main masses (14) and the binary mass tubes(2). When the lifting as sembly re aches the to p of its strok e, the entire m ass load is lifted completely off the piston cap (12) and the masses are in the mass selection position. In this positio n, the ledges on the m ain mass selection co lumns (13) align with the gaps between the main mas ses and the binary mass selector pins(e. g. 3) align with the holding grooves in the binary mass tubes. When gas is ex hausted from the volume under the lifting assembly, it descends, lowering the selected masses onto the piston.

4. Main mass disc selectio n columns (13): T he three main mas s selection columns are used to retain the main mass discs (14) that are not to be loaded onto the pist on. The columns are rotated synchronously by a DC motor and a drive belt (11). Contact switches are used to monitor the column position. Each column has ten sides. One side, which retains all the mas ses so that none are loaded, has a led ge for each mass. Each subsequent side has one l ess ledge, moving from the bottom up. The last side has no ledges and is used to select all the main mass es for loadi ng. When the mass load is lif ted to the mass selectio n position, the m otor is operated to rotate the columns to retain th e desired number of mass es. The rest of the main masses are free and are lo wered onto the piston when the lifting assembly descends.

5. Binary mass tube selection pins (3): The binar y mass selection pi ns are used t o retain the binary mass tubes that are not to be loaded onto the piston. Three pins for each mass are located in a circular pattern around the top of each mass. The pins are pneumatically actuated and double acting. Two three-way solenoid valves (e.g. 9) control drive pressure to each set of three pins. One valve admits pressure to one side of the pin to extend it and t he other adm its pres sure to t he other s ide of the pin to retrac t it. Once the pins have been m oved, the pressure is exhausted; the exhaust is to vacuum when there is vacuum in the bell jar. W hen the mass load is lifted to the mass selection position, the pins are o per a ted to retain the binar y m asses that ar e not t o b e lo ad e d. The rest of the binary masses are free and are placed onto the piston when the lifting assembly descends.

 Warning

Do not put fingers or anything else beneath the AM H trim ma ss tray. AMH may lower up to 100 kg (220 lbs) onto anything that is under the trim mass tray. Thi s c oul d ca use dam age and / or i njury.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Mass loading bell

Mass lifter

  Binary mass tubes  Binary mass s el ection pins  Flexible diaphragm  Mass lifting assembly  Lifting ledge on mass lifting shaft  Electronics and electrical controls

  Solenoid valve  Binary mass carrier  Main mass column rotation belt  Piston cap  Main mass column  Main masses

Figure 10. AMH Schematic/Operating Principle

3.7.2 AMH Operation

Once the AMH mass handling s ystem has been initiali zed (see Secti on 2.4.10), t he mas s set has been installed (see Section 2.3.1.5) and the AMH has been installed (see Section

3.7.2.1), regular operation of the AMH is controlled by the P9000 Platform in response to

local commands entered on the PG Terminal or remote commands received over the PG9000 Platform’s COM1 or IEEE-488 interf ac e.

Generally, AMH operation is transparent to the operator. The AMH system changes the mass load on the piston automatically as needed when a pressure or mass load setting command is given to the PG9000. T he AMH mass handler and m ass set are removed only when it is necessary to access the piston-c yli nder as s embly.

3. GENERAL OPERATION

Subsections of this section describe various aspects of AMH operation. See Sections 3.7.2.1 and 3.7.2.2 for instructions on installing and removing the AMH mass handler. See Section 3.7.2.3 for information on regular pressure to mass or mass to pressure operation. See Section 3.7.2.4 for information on controlling the AMH mass handling system directly, outside

of pressure to mass or mass to pressure operation. See Section 3.7.2.5 for information on making and breaking the reference vacuum in AMH. See Section 3.7.2.6 for information on accessing the piston-cylinder module when an AMH is

installed. See Section 3.7.2.7 and 3.7.2.8 for a des cription of the indications of the AMH LED and a

listing of AMH related error messages. See Section 4 for information on controlling PG9000 equipped with AMH by remote

commands from a computer.

3.7.2.1 Installing an AMH Mass Handler on the PG9000 Platform

 Caution

Figure 11. AMH Installation on PG9000 Platform

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

To install the AMH mass handler on the PG9000 platform, proceed as follows (see Figure 11).

 Prepare the AMH: Before loading the masses, perform the AMH start

up/verification procedur e describe in Section 2.4.10. T his assures that the AMH mass selection columns and pins are all correctly positioned.

Make sure that the mass lifting shaft is NOT installed on the mass bell.

 Remove the AMH and load the masses: Be careful to keep the AMH

upright and not bump the AMH against t he PG Base or other obj ects. Set the AMH down on an adjacent surface. Load the AMH mass set as described in Section 2.3.1.5.

 Lift the AMH onto the PG9000 Platform: Grasping the AMH by the

horizontal platform in its middle, lift the AMH above the PG9000 platform and masses. Align it so th at the cable and pneumati c connections line up with the connections on t he r ear s ide of the PG B ase. Center the AMH over the mass load and gent ly lo wer it do wn unt il the A MH f eet enter t he hol es in the PG9000 Platfor m. Assure that all three feet fully enter and seat in the platform holes. Tight en the platform set screws using a 2.5 mm allen wrench provided in the AMH accessories, one for each of the feet.

 Install the mass lifting shaft: Slip the thr ead ed e nd of the s haft do wn thr o ugh

hole in the center of the mass lifter. Thread the shaft into the binary mass carrier b y h o ld in g and rotati ng the trim mass tray. NOTE THAT SHAFT HAS A LEFT HAND THREAD S O IT MUST BE ROTATED COUNTER-CLOCKWISE TO TIGHTEN IT. Use the 3 mm allen wrench supplied in the AMH-100 accessories to tighten the assembly until you feel the mass start to rotate.

 Caution

Be sure that the mass lifting shaft is fully threaded into the binary mass carrier. Thread it by hand, then tighten it using the allen wrench supplied with the AMH until you feel the masses rotate. If the mass lifting shaft is not fully threaded, the mass will not align properly with the AMH mass handling columns and pins and damage may result.

 Connect the AMH drive, vent and electrical connections: The drive and

vent connections are quick connect (push to connect) fittings. Drive is designated by a red band. V ent is designated by a blue b and. Mate the AMH power and signal cable to the connector on the PG base.

 I If preparing to operate with vacuum in the bell jar, lift the Bell Jar onto

the PG9000 platform: Using the handles on the sides lift the Bell Jar above the

PG9000 platform and masses. Center it ov er t h e mass load an d g ently lower i t down until the bottom circumference of the Bell Jar reaches the PG9000 vacuum plate. Check that the vacuum chamber is well aligned on the vacuum plate. The Bell Jar may be rotated on the platform to the most convenient position. Make the ref erence vacuum connection if the KF40 conn ection on the side of the AMH is being used.

 If preparing to operate with vacuum in the bell jar, open the AMH

vacuum supply valve to admit drive vacuum to the AMH (se e Section

3.7.2.5). If operating without vacuum in the bell jar, open the AMH Vent port atmosphere.

The PG9000 with AMH is now ready to operate (see Section 3).

3. GENERAL OPERATION

 Caution

Do not operate the AMH when using a PG9000 in “absolute by vacuum” mode without having a vacuum supply connected to AMH-100. Always check that the AMH is supplied with vacuum before establishing reference vacuum in the bell jar. NEVER plug the AMH drive vacuum port. Failure to do so may result in damage to the binary mass pins and/or binary masses (see Section 2.3.1.4.2).

3.7.2.2 Removing a Mass Handler from the PG9000 Platform

To remove the AMH from the PG9000 platfor m, proceed as foll ows ( see Figure 11).  Load all the mass: Use [SPECIAL], <8AMH>, <2control>, <3loadall> to

load all the mass es of t he AMH m ass s et. This assures t hat no m ass es are retained in the AMH so it will be able to be lifted off the platform freely.

 If present, open the bell jar to atmospheric pressure: Check that the bell

jar is open to atmosphere. It is not possible to remove the bell jar with internal pressure less than atmospheric pressure.

 If present, remove the bell jar: Disconnect vacuum connections and

external vacuum measurement devices from the bell jar. Remove the bell jar and set aside.

 Remove the mass lifting shaft: Use the 3 mm allen wrench s upp li ed in th e

AMH accessories to loosen and unscrew the shaft. NOTE THAT SHAFT HAS A LEFT HAND THREAD SO IT MUST BE ROTATED CLOCKWISE TO LOOSEN IT. Slip the shaft up and out of the mass handler.

 Disconnect the AMH drive, vacuum and electrical connections:

Disconnect the red and blue quick connects by pulling down on the collars . These connections m ay be disconnec ted without tur ning off AMH supp ly or vacuum.

 Lift the AMH off of the PG9000 Platform: Grasping the AMH by the

horizontal platform in its middle, lift the AMH straight up until it clears the masses and set it on a flat surf ace. The AMH mass handler weighs about 12 kg (25 lb.).

3.7.2.3 AMH Mass to Pressure or Pressure to Mass Operation

If the PG9000 is equipped with AMH, AMH automatically loads the requested mass values transparently to the operator.

Generally, the PG9000 is used to set pres sures b y loading m ass onto the piston and adjusting the pressure under the piston to float the piston. The PG9000 supports this operatio n locall y from its m ain run scr een in pressur e entr y or m ass entry mode (see Section 3.11.11). In pressure entry mode, when AMH is installed and initialized, when the operator enters the pressure to set, the corresponding mass load is loaded automatically with the AMH’s 0.1 kg mass loading resolution. If the PG9000 is set for finer than 0.1 kg resolution (see Section 3.11.10), the operator is prom pted to load a trim mass valu e manually. In mass entry mode, if a mass value with resolution finer than 0.1 kg is entered, after AMH loads the value within 0.1 kg, the operator is prompted to load the remaining trim mass value manually.

 Warning

Do not put fingers or anything else beneath the AMH trim mass tray. AMH m ay lower up to 1 00 kg (220 lbs) ont o anything that is under the trim mass tray. This could ca use inj ury and / or da ma ge.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

3.7.2.4 Direct Control of AMH Functions

In normal PG9000 operation, the AMH m ass handler is operated transp arentl y to the operator when a mass change is necessary.

For AMH to be operated it m ust first be initiali zed by selecting a n AMH mass set (see Section 3.13.1.10).

The status of the A MH (current m asses loade d) can be vie wed and its operation controlled directly using [SPECIAL], <8AMH>.

Select <1status> to view which AMH masses are loaded. Select <2control>, <1up/down> to raise and lower the mass load without

changing the selected masses. Select <2control>, <2discreet> to select specific masses to load and unload. Select <2control>, <3loadall> to clear the A MH and load all t he masses on t he

piston. This is the condit ion used to remove and install t he AMH. In this state, the AMH retains no masses.

Select <2control>, <1unloadall> to clear the AMH and unload all the masses from the piston. In this state, the AMH retains all the masses.

3.7.2.5 Making and Breaking Reference Vacuum with AMH

When making and breaking a reference vacuum in the bell jar to switch the PG9000 between absolute and gauge mode operation, it is important that the AMH mass manipulati on actuators also be exposed to the corr ect pressure. T he correct pressure is vacuum in absolute mode and atmosphere in gauge mode.

If the AMH is to be operated with a vacuum in the b ell jar, a v acuum suppl y m ust be connected to the dr ive vacuum connection quick connector so that the AMH actuators (mass lifter, mass selector pins) are evacuated when they are not pressurized. See Section 2.3.1.4.2 for information on correctly connecting the drive vacuum supply to AMH.

When using the AMH in absolute m ode, the drive vacuum supply sleeve valve must be set to the VACUUM position just before establishing the reference vacuum.

When operating with atmosphere in the bell jar, set the drive vacuum supply sleeve valve to GAUGE so that the AMH actuators vent to atmosphere.

 Caution

Failure to supply vacuum to the AMH before establishing a vacuum in its vacuum chamber may cause unexpected operation of the binary mass selector pins which could result in damage to the AMH mass handler and or masses (see Section

3.7.1). NEVER plug the AMH vent port.

3.7.2.6 Accessing the PG9000 Piston-Cylinder Module with AMH

To access the piston-c ylinder module in a PG9000 Platform with AMH insta lled, the AMH mass handler and mass set must be removed.

First, remove the AMH mass handler as described in Section 3.7.2.2. Then, remove the AMH mass set following the instru ctions in Section 2.3.1.5 in

reverse order. Once the AMH mass handler and mass set are removed, the piston-cylinder

module can be accessed a nd removed b y following the standard proc edure (see Section 2.3.2.

3. GENERAL OPERATION

3.7.2.7 AMH Indicator LED

There is a green indicator LED located on the front of the PG9000 base plate beside the spirit level (see Figure 12). This is the AMH status indicator.

Figure 12. AMH Indicator location

The indicator has four possible conditions:

• Off: AMH is not powered.

• Solid green: AMH is powered and operation is normal.

• Slow flashing green: AMH is power ed and is in an un known s tate. T o recover

use [SPECIAL], <8AMH>, <2control>, <3loadall> or <4unloadall> or initialize AMH by selecting an AMH mass set (see Section 2.4.10., Step ).

• Fast flashing green: AMH is powered and has encountered a k nown error

condition. The error is displayed on the PG Term inal (see Section 3.7.2.8) and available remotely using the “AMHERR” command. To recover use [SPECIAL], <8AMH>, <2control>, <3loadall> or <4unloadall> or initialize AMH by selecting an AMH mass set (see Section 2.4.10, Step ).

3.7.2.8 AMH Error Messages

The AMH mass handler can inform the PG9000 of certain error conditions. An AMH error condition is indicated on the PG Terminal by an error message

and listing of the error number on the bottom right hand of the display. An AMH error is indicated remotely by the PG9000 return string including the

character “E” in the third “Ready indicator position”. The “Ready” indication is included in the “PR” and “ STATUS” commands. When an “E” has been returned, the error identification can then be retrieved using the “AMHERR” command. See the PG9000 Operation and Maintenance Manual, Remote Operation for additional information.

The possible errors are listed in Table 10.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

generated error as a consequence of a time

Table 10. AMH Errors

AMH

ERROR

NUMBER

None

(Remote

error #28)

None

(Remote

error #28)

2 None Text argument is too long. 6 None Argument out of range. 7 None Missing or improper argument.

9 None Unknown Command. 10 None Invalid command suffix. 13 None Receive buffer overflow. Buffer has been flushed. 18 None Command not available. 60 None Watchdog reset has occurred.

100 None Present mass setting unknown. 102 None 6.2 kg binary mass not available on AMH. 103 104 105 106 None Mass load must first be lifted. 107 108

110

111

112

113 114

115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124

125

126 130

131 132

PG TERMINAL MESSAGE COMMENT

<AMH logic failure> <AMH logic failure> <AMH unable to rotate column

motor> <AMH unable to rotate column

motor> <AMH logic failure> <AMH logic failure> <AMH logic failure> <AMH logic failure> <AMH logic failure> <AMH logic failure> <AMH unable to lift mass load> <AMH unable to lower mass load> <AMH unable to lift mass load> <AMH unable to lower mass load> <AMH unable to lift mass load> <AMH unable to rotate column

motor> <AMH unable to rotate column

motor> <AMH valve failure> <AMH valve failure> <AMH valve failure>

The AMH has returned a string that the PG9000 cannot identify. This is a PG9000 generated error.

The PG9000 has not received a response from the AMH. This is a PG9000 out while attempting to communicate with AMH.

Mass memory. Non-volatile memory is corrupt. Fatal electronics error.

Incorrect CPLD version. CPLD logic error.

Column motor switch error on column 0 (C0).

Column motor switch error on column 1 (C1).

Column motor switch error on column 2 (C2).

Wrong column switch detected. JTAG buffer overflow.

JTAG max retries. JTAG TDO mismatch. JTAG illegal state. JTAG ENDxR state unknown. JTAG unknown error. Mass lift valve not sensed. Mass is dropping unexpectedly. Mass never lifted. Mass is not dropping when it should. IR beam malfunction. AMH will not attempt lift

Column motor switch on column 1 is misaligned.

Column motor switch on column 2 is misaligned.

6.2 kg binary mass pin engage valve (VLV#14) not sensed.

3.2 kg binary mass pin engage valve (VLV#6) not sensed.

1.6 kg binary mass pin engage valve (VLV#12) not sensed.

3. GENERAL OPERATION

AMH

ERROR

NUMBER

133 134 135 136

137 138 139 140 141 142

143

PG TERMINAL MESSAGE COMMENT

0.8 kg binary mass pin engage valve (VLV#4) not sensed.

0.4 kg binary mass pin engage valve (VLV#10) not sensed.

0.2 kg binary mass pin engage valve (VLV#2) not sensed.

0.1 kg binary mass pin engage valve (VLV#8) not sensed.

6.4 kg binary mass pin disengage valve (VLV#15) not sensed.

3.2 kg binary mass pin disengage valve (VLV#7) not sensed.

1.6 kg binary mass pin disengage valve (VLV#13) not sensed.

0.8 kg binary mass pin disengage valve (VLV#5) not sensed.

0.4 kg binary mass pin disengage valve (VLV#11) not sensed.

0.2 kg binary mass pin disengage valve (VLV#3) not sensed.

0.1 kg binary mass pin disengage valve (VLV#9) not sensed.

3.8 Controlled Clearance Pressure (PG9607)

The PG9607 mode l of PG 9000 allows an independent pressure to be applied to the inside of the piston. This pressure is t he Contr olle d Clear anc e Pressur e ( CC P) . T he p ur pos e of th is f ea ture is to a ll ow t he p is ton to be artificia lly expanded, var ying the size of the gap b etween the piston a nd cylinder. The abil ity to predictabl y vary the size of the gap between the piston and the cylinder can be useful in analyzing piston-cylinder behavior.

Note

In normal operation, the Controlled Clearance Pressure (CCP) is equal to the measured pressure, thus the pressure applied to the TEST port should also be applied to the CCP port.

The contro lled clearanc e pressure is i ntroduced thr ough the CCP por t on the back of the PG9607 platform. The pressure is applied through the mounting post to the inside of the piston (see Figure 6, Ref. 8). The pressure is contained by the two piston sealing O-rings (see Figure 6, Refs. 10a, 10b).

The piston sea ling O-rings are pos itioned on the ends of th e piston so t hat the deform ation due to press ure along the acti ve z one o f the pi sto n i s con sta nt an d p arallel.

The expansion of the piston with pressure can be predicted using thick walled cylinder stress/strain relations and the mechanical properties of the piston material (tungsten carbide). The result is 0.16 micron on the diameter/MPa.

A typical 50 mm piston-cylinder assem bly has a r adial gap of 0.9 micr on so a CC P of 3 MPa wi ll reduce the gap by about 50 %. Around 5 MPa, the CCP may close the gap c ompletely causing mechanical contact between the piston-cylinder and da mage t o the pa r t s.

 Caution

A Controlled Clearance Pressure ( CCP) of abo ut 5 M Pa may close t he gap b etw een the piston and cylinder completely causing metal to metal contact between the two parts and possible damage.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

prvPRESSURE1 unit aGh +N.N mm NN.NNNNN kg

3.9 Main Run Screen

The PG9000 main run sc reen is its hom e displa y that is reached upo n powerin g up and fr om which other functions and menus are accessed. It is the top level of all menu structures.

The main run screen is where PG9000 is left in nor mal operation. It displays the pressure defined by PG9000, Ready/Not Ready condition and a variety of other information.

Note

The screen described below is called the MAIN run screen. The SYSTEM and AMBIENT screens (see Sections 3.11.5 and 3.11.6) are also run screens in the sense that all the other functions may be accessed directly from them and pressure or mass entries may be made from them. See Section 3.10 for a

1. <prv>: Three Ready/Not Ready indication characters

2. <PRESSURE1>: Numerical value and sign of the

description of PG9000’s main menu/function structure.

3. <unit>: Current pressure uni t of measure (see Sect ion

4. Current measurement mode. <a> for absolute, <g>

5. Aut omated pressu re generati on status . <G> if automated

6. DUT head correction status. <h> if a head correcti on is

(from left to right: piston position, piston rotation, vacuum reference) (see Section 3.4). Eac h character indicates as follows:

<p>: Piston Position Ready/Not Ready. <*> when Ready, <

measuring zone, < below measuring zone, <?> if piston position not available or out of range. Flashes if condition is Not Ready and piston is floating (see Section 3.4.1). Indicates Not Ready when automated pressure generation is adjusting pressure.

<r>: Piston Rotation Ready/Not Ready. <*> when Ready, <<> when Not Ready due to piston rotat ion rate

too low or motorized rotation engaged, <?> if piston position not ava ilable or o ut of ran ge. Flas hes if condition is Not Ready and piston is floating. (see Section 3.4.2).

<v>: Vacuum Reference Ready/Not Ready (if available). <*> when Ready, <v> if Not Ready due to vacuum not below ready limit. Flashes if condition is Not Ready and piston is floating (see Section 3.4.3).

pressure defined by PG9000 with current m ass loaded on current piston when all Ready/Not Ready indication characters indicate Ready.

↑> when Not Ready due to piston above

↓> when Not Ready due to piston

7. <NN. NNNNN kg>: Current mass load in actual m ass

8. <

3.11.3).

for gauge, <d> for differential (see Secti on 3.11.4).

pressure generation is ON. The <G> flashes if automated pressure generation is ON and acti ve, blank if automated pressure generation is not ON (see Section 3.11.9).

currently being applied, blank if head height is zero (see Section 3.11.7).

(assuming mass loading instructions have been followed and/or mass loading entries are c orrect (see Section 3.6).

± N.N mm>: Current piston position in millimeters from midstroke position. Positive values are above midstroke, negative values below. Indicates < ---- > if piston position not available or out of range (see Section 3.5).

Note

• When a number is too large to display

in the allocated screen space, PG9000 displays <********> or <OVERFL OW>.

• PG9000 has a screen saver function

that causes the display to dim if NO key is pressed for 10 minutes. Pressing a key restores full power to the display.

The screen saver activation time can

be changed or screen saving can be completely disabled (see Section

3.13.4.1).

3. GENERAL OPERATION

3.10 General Function/Menu Flow Chart

Local operator inter face with PG9000 is provided by P G Terminal keypad an d display. Norm al PG9000 operation is organized around run screens from which functions and menus are accessed. The run screens include:

• MAIN run screen: Displays Ready/Not Ready, defined pressure, piston position and mass load.

• SYSTEM run screens: Display piston position, rotation, temperature and reference vacuum.

• AMBIENT run screen: Displays ambient pressure temperature, relative humidity and local gravity.

Figure 13 outlines the operating protocol of the run screens and associated key presses.

Figure 13. Run Screen Flow Chart

3.11 Direct Function Keys

3.11.1 Direct Function Keys Summary

Local operator interface with PG9000 is provided by PG Terminal keypad and display. To minimize the use of multi-layered menu structures, the keypad’s numerical keys also provide direct access to the most commonly used functions. The function accessed is labeled on the bottom half of the eac h k e y. Direct f unction keys are active whenever PG9000 is in a run screen (MAIN, S YSTEM or AMBI ENT). T able 14 summ arizes the ope ration of the direct function ke ys. Section 3.10 prov ides a flow chart of PG Terminal gen eral operation. See corresponding manual Sections to 3.11.1 to 3.13.9.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

user preferences, internal calibration

cylinder temperature

Access AMBIENT run screen which displays current values of barometric

Activate motorized control manually. Activates when pressed, deactivates

Adjust height of DUT fluid head From other screens: Select menu

cylinder module

Turn automated pressure generation/control ON/OFF, adjust

effect if an automated pressure

Set pressure measurement mode

It may be useful to keep a copy of Table 11 near t he PG9000, especially when first becoming acquainted with its operation.

Table 11. Summary of PG9000 Direct Function Key Operations

Note

DIRECT FUNCTION KEYS ARE ACTIVE FROM ANY RUN SCREEN

See corresponding manual sections for full detail.

Menu of less frequently used internal functions and settings including resets,

and remote interface setup.

Edit and select files that determine the sources of the values for the variables PG9000 uses in calculations of referenc e pressures.

Select pressure to mass or mass to pressure operation.

(main, ambient, system).

when released.

From a run screen: Access mass or pressure setting commands.

choice, enter value, confirm selection.

Turn automatic activation of motorized rotation ON/OFF.

Set the resolution of PG9000 mass loading commands (0.01 g to 0.1 kg).

Access SYSTEM run screens which display current measurements of piston behavior, pistonand reference vacuum if present. Advances through the screens.

pressure, ambient temperature, ambient humidity and local gravity as specified i n the active SETUP file.

correction. Set to zero to defeat head correction.

Select active piston(range).

Set unit of measure in which pressures are defined. Choice of units available from this key can be customized.

3.11.2 [P-C]

 PURPOSE

To view and/or change the active piston-cylinder.

• [P-C] is for selecting the active piston-cyl inder onl y. Piston -cylinders

• The active m ass set and mass loading bell are selected by pressing

 PRINCIPLE

To make valid pressure and mass load calculations, PG9000 must know the exact characteristics of the piston-cylinder module that is currently in use. See Section 7.2 for detailed information on PG9000 pressure and mass calculations.

control parameters, set upper limit for automated pressure control. Has no

generation/control component is not part of the PG9000 system.

(gauge, absolute, differential).

Note

can be add ed and deleted an d their characte ristics can be edi ted by pressing [SPECIAL] and selecting <1PC/MS> (see Section 3.13.1).

[SPECIAL] and selecting <1PC/MS> (see Section 3.13.1).

3. GENERAL OPERATION

Active 10 kPa/kg 247

0.7 to 50 psi

function key from any run screen. The

1kPa 2Mpa 3Pa 4bar 5psi 6kcm2

Most PG9000s may be used with more than one piston-cylinder module. Detailed charac teristics on up to 18 piston-cylinder modules are stored in files. T hese files can be added, deleted, viewed and edited b y pressing [SPECIAL], <1pc/ms> (see Section

3.13.1). The P-C function pro vides rapid access, f rom any run screen, to view ing the piston-cylinder

modules available and selecting one to be active.

 OPERATION

Pressing [P-C] activates the pisto n-cylinder module viewing and s electing f unction. Pres sing [P-C] again or [

←] or [→] while in the P-C f unct ion s teps thr ou gh disp lays of available piston-

cylinder modules. When [P-C] is first pressed, a summary of the characteristics of the active piston-cylinder

module is displayed, for example:

1. Nom inal pressure to mass c onversion coefficient of the pistoncylinder module t hat is currently s elected (acti ve). This value is calculated f rom the effective area of the piston-cyli nder and is in kPa (if < 1 MPa) or MPa.

2. Seri al num ber of the active piston-cylinder module.

3. Current pres sure unit of measure.

4. Nominal pressure in current pressure units resulting from loading all the mass of the active mass set.

5. Nominal pressure in current pressure units resulting from loading the piston and mass bell only.

Pressing [P-C] again or [←] or [→] causes the screen to step through the other available piston-cylinder modules in the sequence that they were added.

Pressing [ENTER] while in the P-C functi on caus es PG9000 to select the curr ently disp layed piston-cylinder module as the active piston-cylinder module.

Pressing [ESCAPE] while in the P-C function returns to the main run screen without changing piston-cylinder modules.

Note

• The pressure unit of measure in which the range offered by the piston-

cylinder module using the active mass set is displayed can be changed by pressing [UNIT] (see Section 3.11.3).

• When the current pressure unit of measure is an altitude unit, piston -

cylinder mo dule range i s e xp re s se d in k Pa i f th e altitude unit i s m eters (m) or psi if the altitude unit is feet (ft).

3.11.3 [UNIT]

 PURPOSE

To specify the unit of measure in which defined pressures are expressed.

 PRINCIPLE

PG9000 supports a wide variety of pressure units of measure. Internally, PG9000 always operates in Pascal [Pa] (the SI uni t of pr essur e). Values of pressure ar e represent ed in other units by the application of c onversion factors to convert from Pasc al. See Section 7.1.1 for Unit of Measure Conversions .

The pressure unit of measure selection (e.g., psi, k Pa, etc.) is separate from the pressure measurement mode selection (gauge, absolute or differential). See Section 3.11.4 for information on changing the measurement mode.

 OPERATION

To change the pressure unit of measure, press the [UNIT] display is (default units depend on model):

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Select inWa ref temp 4°C 20°C 60°F

The cursor is on the n um ber corr es p o nd i ng t o t h e active uni t. T o change the pressure u n it , select the desired unit. The display returns to the previou s run scre en with the sel ected uni t active .

If the pressure unit selected is inWa, the reference temperatur e f or wa ter densit y must be specified. When inWa is selected as the unit , the next di splay is:

Select the desired r eferenc e temper ature for water de nsity usi ng the [←] or [→] key to move the cursor. Pressing [ENTER] returns to the main run screen with inWa based on water density at the selecte d reference tem perature as the activ e pressure unit. T he current inW a reference temperature can be viewed by observing the position of the cursor in the reference temperature screen.

• See Section 7.1.17.1.1 for tables of the pressure unit of measure

conversion factors used by PG9607.

• The UNIT function provides rapid access to a choic e of up to six unit s.

The choice of units can be customized from a wider selection by the user (see Section 3.11.3.1). The default units are:

1kPa 2MPa 3Pa 4b ar 5p si 6 kc m2

• To restore the default UNIT function settings, use the Unit Reset (see

Section 3.13.9.2).

• Certain internal and/or metrological functions (e.g., vacuum reference

pressure) are always represented in Pascal [Pa], regardless of the active pressure unit of measure.

• When the current pressure unit of measure is an altitude unit,

atmospher ic pre ssur e in t he AMB IENT run s creen i s ex press ed in kPa if the altitude unit is meters (m) or psi if the altitude unit is feet (ft).

Note

3.11.3.1 Customizing Pressure Units Available Under the UNIT Function

 PURPOSE

To customize the selection of pressure units that are ava ilable for selection fr om the [UNIT] function key.

 PRINCIPLE

The UNIT function provides a choice of different pressure units of measure depending on the PG9000 model. The units that are available by default are those indicated in t he Note in Sect ion 3.11.3. However, PG9000 supports m any other pressure units of measure. Ot her u nits can be made a vaila ble f or sel ec tio n and units can be deleted b y custom izing the UNIT function. T his allows PG9000 to offer a very wide selection of units while simplifying day to day operation. The typical user w ill customize the [UNIT] f unction key to support the six m ost commonly used units.

3. GENERAL OPERATION

Set up user unit #6

Unit #6 1SI 2other 3altitude 4user

Define user unit:

1.000000 Units/Pa

 OPERATION

To customize the [UNIT] f unction key, from the main run sc reen press [SETUP] and select <2PresU>. The display is:

1. The UNI T number in the [UNIT] menu that is to be changed.

Enter the number of the unit position that you would like to change. The display becomes:

Select the desired pressure unit category. SI units include units based on SI such as mmHg. Select the desired unit from the unit list (see Table 15).

Table 12. Pressure Units of Measure Available

<1SI> <2Other> <3altitude>* <4User>**

<1Pa> <2Kpa> <3MPa> <4mbar> <5bar> <6mmHg> <7mmWa>

* <3altitude>: in absolute by vacuum mode only. ** <4user>: User defined unit. .

<1psi> <2psf> <3inHg> <4inWa> <5kcm2> <6Torr> <7mTor> <8none>

<1m> <2ft>

<1user>

The UNIT function display is not required to display six units. To delete the current unit from the UNIT screen and show no unit, select <2other>, <6none> for that unit number.

If <4user> was selected, the user unit must be defined. The display is:

1. Entry field.

Enter the num ber of user units per Pas ca l [Pa] in the e ntry fi eld. Pr essi ng [ENTER] defines the user unit and returns to the <Set up unit #> screen.

Note

• See Section 7.1.1 for the pressure unit of measure conversion

factors used by PG9000.

• The user defined unit can be assigned a user defined label

using the UDU remote command (see Section 4.3.4.2).

3.11.4 [MODE]

 PURPOSE

To specify the measurem ent mode (gauge, absolute or differential) in which PG9000 defines reference pressures.

Note

Pressure measurement mode and unit of measure a re not the same thing. See Section 3.11.3 for information on the pressure unit of measure.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Measurement mode: 1g 2avac 3aatm 4dif

 PRINCIPLE

Pressure defined relative to vacuum is generally referred to as absolute pressure. Pressure defined relat ive to atm ospheric press ure is g enerall y refer red to as gauge pres sure,

with pressure below atmosphere called negative gauge pressure. Pressure defined relati ve to another pressur e that m a y be, but is not n ecess aril y atm ospheric

pressure, is generally referred to as differential pressure. PG9000s can define a bsolute, gauge, nega tive gauge and dif ferential press ures. These are

referred to as measurement modes. The specific PG9000 measurement modes are as follows:

• gauge: Defines gauge pressure by leaving the PG9000 mass load o pen to atmosphere. This mode does not allow nega tive gauge pressures. The m inimum gauge pressure is the pressure resulting from loading the combined mass of the piston and the bell on piston-cylinder effective area.

• absolute by adding atmospheric pressure (absolute by ATM): Defines absolute pressure by defining a pre ssure in the same manner as in gaug e mode and adding the value of atmospheric pressure measured by a barometer. The barometer can be PG9000’s on-board sensor or a remote RS232 barometer.

• absolute by vacuum (absolute by vac): Defines absolute pressure by measuring

relative to an evacuated be l l j ar. This mode is required f or s etting abs o lute pres s ures under atmospheric pressure and for lowest uncertainty under about 1 MPa (150 psi).

• differential (dif): Defines differential pressures at an absolute static pressure

between vacuum and two atmospheres by defining an absolute pressure relativ e to an evacuated bell jar and subtracting sta tic pressure m onitored by a digital pressure indicator. An offset ting technique ensures that onl y the digital indicator’s resolution and very short term repeatability influence the measurement results. Allows positive and negative differential pressure (including gauge pressures) with one common hardware setup. Covers pressures very near and at zero without limitations due to piston-cylinder size and mass loads (see Section 3.11.4.1).

 OPERATION

To change th e press ure m easur em ent m ode, pr ess [MODE] from an y run scre en. The res ulti ng display depends on the PG9000 Model:

The cursor is on the number corresponding to the current measurement mode.

[MODE] Screen

Selecting <2avac> accesses absolute by vacuum mode. Selecting <3aatm> accesses absolute by ATM mode. Selecting <4dif> accesses differential mode (see PRINCIPLE

above and Section 3.11.4.1). Making a measurement mode select ion returns to the previous run scr een with the selected

mode active.

When using an AMH automated mass handler, be sure to apply drive vacuum to the AMH when switching operation to absolute by vacuum mode (see 3.7.2.5).

3.11.4.1 Differential Measurement Mode

 PURPOSE

To define gauge press ures near and under atm ospheric press ure that cannot be covered in conventional gauge mode; to define pressures at a static pressure near atmospheric pressure but other than atmospheric pressure.

Note

3. GENERAL OPERATION

RPM

to RPM test port

Differential pressure defined by PG9000

Absolute pressure defined by PG9000

RPM

Current RPM indication of static pressure

the operating static pressure

Note

Differential mode operation requires that the PG9000 SETUP AtmP selection be for an external barometer connected to COM2 (see Section 3.12, 3.13.5.4). Differential mode operation also requires the PG9000 Differential Mode Interconnections Kit P/N 3070127, which includes the Differential Mode Controller.

 PRINCIPLE

Differential mode is des igned to allow PG9000 to defi ne pressures which piston gauges have typicall y not covered or for which they have be en difficult to use. This includes positive and negative gauge pressures near zero, for example ± 2.5 kPa (10 in. H2O ) ; as wel l as lo w d if ferential press ur es at low absolute stat ic pressures, for example 0 to 2.5 k Pa (20 Torr ) at 15 kPa absolute (2.2 ps ia) static pressure.

The principal of differential mode is to define a differential pressure as the difference between an absolute pressure relative to vacuum and a second absolute pressure (the static pressure) measured by a precision Reference Pressure Monitor (RPM). An offsetting procedure “tares” the RPM so that the uncertainty contribute d to the differentia l pressure b y the RPM’s measurem ent is a function of the RPM resolution and short term repeatability rather than its absolute accuracy and long term stability.

For differential mode opera tion, the static press ure is set to the desired valu e as measured by the RPM (atmospheric pressure for gauge pressure measurements). T he RPM off s et at the s tatic pres s ur e is determined by applying the static pressure as defined by the PG9000 following:

offset = PGRPMstart - RPMindicate

RPM

Where:

PGRPMstart

RPMindicate

= Pressure applied by PG9000 to RPM

(nominally equal to RPM reading when PGRPMstart is applied

start)

Once the RPM offset has been det ermined, differentia l pressures are def ined by subtracting the static pressure m easured b y the RPM from an absolute pres sure defined by the PG9000 following:

dif = PGabs - RPMcurrent - RPMoffset

Where:

dif abs

current

RPMoffset

= Disagreement between PG9000 and RPM at

For differential mode o peration, the PG9000 Differential Mode In terconnections Kit should be used to pro vi de th e DU T high an d lo w te s t c onnec tions an d s upp or t the RPM offsetting proc edure (see Figure 14 and Se ction 3.11.4.1). A prec ision Reference Pressure Monit or, such as a DH Intruments RPM, must be selecte d for the AtmP source in SETUP (see Section 3.12, 3.13.5.4).

PG9000 differential measurement mode manages the data acquisition and handling to support differential mode operation without operator effort. Differential mode operation requires setting the static pressure at which differential meas urements are to be m ade and regu lar determ ination of the R PM offset. These functions are supported under [MODE], <4dif>.

PG9000™ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

 PG/STAT IC P

CONTROL Port

 PG Port  TEST HIGH

Port (Quick Connection)

 TEST LOW

Port (Quick Connection)

 1/8 in. NPT F or

4T Quick Connector

 STATIC P Port  STATIC P

SUPPLY Port

 CONTROL

SELECTION Valve

 PG SHUTOFF

Valve

 TEST BYPASS

Valve

 Reference

Pressure Monitor (RPM) (Optional)

 STATIC P

SELECTION Valve

 Static Pressure

Exhaust (Internal)

Figure 14. Differential Mode Controller Schematic

Note

Fluke Calibration Technical Note 9940TN02 provides more detailed information on differential mode principles and includes a complete uncertainty analysis. Consult Fluke Calibration or visit www.dhinstruments.com.

 OPERATION

To select differential mode operation and access differential mode functions press [MODE] and select <4dif>.

Differential mode operation includes:

• Selecting differ ential mode, setting static pr essure and finding the RPM offset (see Section 3.11.4.1, Selecting Differential Mode, Setting Static Pressure, Finding RPM Offset (<1run>).

• Operating in differential mode (see Section 3.11.4.1, Operating In Differential Mode).

• Viewing differential mode static pressure and RPM offset (see Section 3.11.4.1, Viewing Static Pressure and RPM Offset (<2view>)

Selecting Differential Mode, Setting Static Pressure, Finding RPM Offset (<1run>)

Fluke Calibration PG9000 Operation and Maintenance Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Table of Contents

Tables

Figures

About This Manual

1. Introduction

1.1 Product Overview

1.2 Specifications

1.2.1 General Specifications

1.2.1.1 AMH Automated Mass Handler (Optional)

1.2.1.2 Embedded Features

1.2.1.3 Ambient and Instrument Condition Measurements

1.2.2 Piston-Cylinder Assembly (PC-9607-5)

1.2.3 Mass Sets

1.2.4 Pressure Measurements (PG9607)

1.3 Front and Rear Panels

1.3.1 Terminal Front and Rear Panels

1.3.1.1 PG Terminal Front Panel

1.3.1.2 PG Terminal Rear Panel

1.3.2 Remote Electronics Module Rear Panel

1.3.3 Base Rear Panel

2. Installation

2.1 Unpacking And Inspection

2.1.1 Removing From Packaging

2.1.1.1 Platform

2.1.1.2 Manual Mass Set

2.1.1.3 Piston-Cylinder Assembly (PG9607)

2.1.1.4 Vacuum Reference Hardware (Optional)

2.1.1.5 AMH Automated Mass Handler (Optional)

2.1.1.6 AMH Mass Set (Optional)

2.1.2 Inspecting Contents

2.1.2.1 Platform

2.1.2.2 Mass Set

2.1.2.3 Piston-cylinder Assembly

2.1.2.4 Vacuum Reference (Optional)

2.1.2.5 Automated Mass Handler (Optional)

2.2 Site Requirements

2.3 Setup

2.3.1 Preparing for Operation

2.3.1.1 Setting Up the Platform

2.3.1.2 System Pressure Interconnections

2.3.1.3 Setting Up A Manual Mass Set

2.3.1.4 Setting Up An AMH Automated Mass Handler (Optional)

2.3.1.4.1 Connecting AMH Drive

2.3.1.4.2 Connecting AMH Vent

2.3.1.4.3 Connecting AMH Communications

2.3.1.5 Setting Up an AM H Mass Set

2.3.1.6 Setting Up Vacuum Reference Hardware (Optional)

2.3.2 Installing and Removing a PG9607 Piston-Cylinder Assembly

2.4 Power Up And Verification

2.4.1 Power Up

2.4.2 Check That On-board Piston-Cylinder Module And Mass Set Information Are Correct

2.4.3 Set Local Gravity Value

2.4.4 Setup Pressure Equation Variable Input Sources

2.4.5 Check Proper Operation Of Ambient Condition Measurements

2.4.6 Apply Pressure To The Piston-Cylinder Module

2.4.7 Check Proper Behavior Of Motorized Piston Rotation

2.4.8 Check Proper Operation Of Piston Behavior Measurements

2.4.9 Verify Vacuum Reference

2.4.10 AMH Start Up/Verification

2.4.11 Check Automated Pressure Generation (If Present)

2.4.12 Check/Set Security Level

2.4.13 Addit ional Precautions to Tak e Before Ma ki ng Pressure Measurements

2.5 Short Term Storage

3. General Operati on

3.1 Fundamental Operating Principles

3.2 Keypad Layout And Protocol

3.3 Sounds

3.4 Pressure Ready/Not Ready Indication

3.4.1 Piston Position Ready/Not Ready

3.4.2 Piston Rotation Ready/ Not Re ady

3.4.3 Vacuum Reference Ready/Not Ready

3.5 Piston Position

3.6 Manual Mass Loading

3.7 AMH Mass Loading

3.7.1 Operating Principals

3.7.2 AMH Operation