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TestEquipmentDepot.com
®
1745
Power Quality Logger
PN 2560366
April 2006 Rev.1, 7/06
© 2006 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved.
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
Users Manual
LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
Each Fluke product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship
under normal use and service. The warranty period is two years and begins on the date of
shipment. Parts, product repairs, and services are warranted for 90 days. This warranty
extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer of a Fluke authorized reseller,
and does not apply to fuses, disposable batteries, or to any product which, in Fluke's
opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected, contaminated, or damaged by accident or
abnormal conditions of operation or handling. Fluke warrants that software will operate
substantially in accordance with its functional specifications for 90 days and that it has
been properly recorded on non-defective media. Fluke does not warrant that software will
be error free or operate without interruption.
Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to enduser customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on
behalf of Fluke. Warranty support is available only if product is purchased through a Fluke
authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price. Fluke reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of repair/replacement parts when
product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country.
Fluke's warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke's option, to refund of the purchase price,
free of charge repair, or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke
authorized service center within the warranty period.
To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center to obtain
return authorization information, then send the product to that service center, with a description of the difficulty, postage and insurance prepaid (FOB Destination). Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit. Following warranty repair, the product will be returned to Buyer, transportation prepaid (FOB Destination). If Fluke determines that failure
was caused by neglect, misuse, contamination, alteration, accident, or abnormal condition
of operation or handling, including overvoltage failures caused by use outside the product’s specified rating, or normal wear and tear of mechanical components, Fluke will provide an estimate of repair costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work.
Following repair, the product will be returned to the Buyer transportation prepaid and the
Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges (FOB Shipping Point).
THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF
ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES, INCLUDING LOSS OF
DATA, ARISING FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY.
Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty,
or exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not apply to every buyer. If any provision of this Warranty is
held invalid or unenforceable by a court or other decision-maker of competent jurisdiction,
such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision.
11/99
Table of Contents
Title Page
Introduction .......................................................................................... 1
Information and PC Software CD..................................................... 1
Logger Power Supply ....................................................................... 2
Logging Functions ............................................................................ 2
Symbols ............................................................................................ 4
Safety Instructions ................................................................................ 4
Qualified Personnel........................................................................... 6
Standard Equipment and Optional Accessories ................................ 6
Features............................................................................................. 8
Power Network Configurations ........................................................ 11
Working with Logged Data............................................................... 11
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger.................................................. 12
About Logging Jobs.......................................................................... 12
Preparing the Logger for Use............................................................ 13
Test Leads - Markings .................................................................. 15
Connecting Current Probes ........................................................... 15
Logging with Voltage Converters................................................. 15
Connecting the Logger...................................................................... 16
Connections in 3-Phase 4-Wire (Wye) Systems ........................... 19
Connections in 3-Phase 3-Wire (Delta) Systems .......................... 20
Connections for Single-Phase Logging......................................... 21
Connections for Medium Voltage Networks................................. 22
Logging............................................................................................. 24
Completing the Logging Job......................................................... 24
Evaluating the Logged Data.............................................................. 25
Methods of Logging.......................................................................... 25
Voltage Ranges................................................................................. 26
Signal Sampling............................................................................ 27
Resolution Accuracy......................................................................... 27
Voltage Variations ............................................................................ 27
Averaging Period .............................................................................. 28
Min/Max Values ........................................................................... 29
Voltage Interruptions .................................................................... 30
Voltage Dips and Swells............................................................... 31
Voltage Harmonics ........................................................................... 31
i
1745
Users Manual
Current Harmonics ........................................................................... 32
Power ............................................................................................... 37
Measurement Theory............................................................................ 38
Maintenance ......................................................................................... 42
Lithium Battery ................................................................................ 42
Disposal............................................................................................ 42
Technical Specifications....................................................................... 43
Logging Parameters – Overview ...................................................... 43
General Specifications...................................................................... 48
Logging Function Parameters........................................................... 50
PQ Log PC Application Software ........................................................ 52
Index
Mains Signaling............................................................................ 32
THD V – In Function A................................................................ 33
Calculation of THD in Measuring Function P.............................. 34
Flicker .......................................................................................... 35
Unbalance..................................................................................... 36
Frequency..................................................................................... 36
Current Logging ........................................................................... 36
Logging Function A ..................................................................... 36
Crest Factor (CF).......................................................................... 36
Maximum Number of Intervals for Logging Funtion P................ 44
General Information ..................................................................... 44
Environmental Specifications....................................................... 45
EMC ............................................................................................. 45
Power Supply ............................................................................... 45
Measurement ................................................................................ 46
Input Voltage................................................................................ 46
Current Input with Flexi Set......................................................... 47
Current Input for Clamp ............................................................... 47
RMS Logging Slow Voltage Variations....................................... 48
Current Logging Values ............................................................... 48
Events Dips, Swells, Interruptions................................................ 48
Flicker .......................................................................................... 48
Power P, S, |P| .............................................................................. 49
Harmonics (Logging Function A Only)........................................ 49
Statistics ....................................................................................... 49
Logging Values ............................................................................ 50
Applications ................................................................................. 51
Live Reading (Online Test).......................................................... 53
ASCII Export................................................................................ 54
Timeplot Diagram ........................................................................ 55
UNIPEDE DISDIP Table............................................................. 56
Cumulative Frequency – Harmonics ............................................ 56
ii
List of Tables
Table Title Page
1. Symbols.............................................................................................. 4
2. Standard Equipment........................................................................... 7
3. Optional Accessories.......................................................................... 7
4. 1745 Power Quality Logger - Controls and Indicators....................... 9
5. Test Leads - Markings........................................................................ 15
6. Measuring Ranges.............................................................................. 26
7. Logging Parameters - Overview......................................................... 43
iii
1745
Users Manual
iv
List of Figures
Figure Title Page
1. 1745 Power Quality Logger ............................................................... 3
2. 1745 Power Quality Logger - Front View.......................................... 8
3. Supplying Operating Power to the Logger......................................... 14
4. Logging in a 3-Phase 4-Wire System................................................. 19
5. Logging in a 3-Phase 3-Wire (Delta) System..................................... 20
6. Single-Phase Logging ........................................................................ 21
7. Measuring 3 Phase Voltages in a 3-Wire (Delta)
System with Three Voltage Converters.............................................. 22
8. Two-Element Delta Connections ....................................................... 23
9. Basic Logger Setup Parameters.......................................................... 26
10. Measuring Voltage Variations............................................................ 28
11. Logging Min and Max Values............................................................ 29
12. Voltage Interruption........................................................................... 30
13. Voltage Dips and Swells .................................................................... 31
14. Measuring Flicker Values .................................................................. 35
15. Live Reading (Online Test)................................................................ 53
16. ASCII Export ..................................................................................... 54
17. Timeplot Diagram .............................................................................. 55
18. UNIPEDE DISDIP Table................................................................... 56
19. Cumulative Frequency - For Voltage and Current Harmonics ........... 56
v
1745
Users Manual
vi
1745
Power Quality Logger
Introduction
The Fluke 1745 Power Quality Logger, see Figure 1, is a sophisticated, easyto-use, electrical power-recording device for the electrician or power-quality
specialist.
Note
This manual also refers to the 1745 Power Quality Logger simply as
“the Logger”.
The Logger conatins an automatically charged 8-hour UPS (uninterruptable
power supply) battery for long-term voltage interruption ride-through, and an
LCD status display to provide confidence in setup before you leave the Logger
in place to collect data.
You can power the logger in parallel with the test leads or through an outlet.
Adapter cords for both methods of power in the Logger are included as
standard equipment.
You’ll prepare the Logger for use with the included PQ Log software. You can
then connect the Logger to an electrical power-distribution network to log a
variety of power parameters, recorded as sequential averaged values over an
averaging period you can define. The Logger can measure up to three voltages
and four currents simultaneously.
Information and PC Software CD
The CD included with the Logger contains the PQ Log application software for
Windows, along with users manuals in multiple languages.
The PQ Log software prepares the Logger for use, and downloads data from
the Logger to a connected PC.You can then view the logged data in graphical
and tabular form, export it to a spreadsheet, or create reports for printing. For
details and instructions, see the PQ Log Users Manual on the CD.
1
1745
Users Manual
Logger Power Supply
The Logger does not include a power switch, but turns on automatically
whenever its power supply leads are connected to a voltage in its allowed
range. You can plug the Logger’s power supply leads into a standard wall
outlet (using the included adapter cord), or you can connect them directly to
the power network under test (in parallel with the test leads) if there is no
convenient wall outlet (only if the voltage at the test leads is below 660V
RMS.)
Logging Functions
The Logger monitors power quality and locates disturbances in low and
medium voltage distribution networks. It measures up to 3 voltages and
4 currents. Logged values are saved in your choice of sequential averaging
periods. You graphically or numerically evaluated measured values with PQ
Log.
The Logger has two types of logging functions: logging function A
(Advanced) and logging function P (Power). Function A is the full set of
parameters, and function P provides logging capability optimized for load
studies and basic power logging. Function P contains every parameter in
Function A except voltage and current harmonics and interharmonics.
Logging function P allows longer logging periods because it does not save
harmonics values.
2
Power Quality Logger
Introduction
Logging function parameters:
• RMS Voltage of each phase (average, min, max)
• RMS Current of each phase and neutral (average, min, max)
• Voltage events (dips, swells, interruptions)
• Power (kW, kVA, kVAR, Power PF, Power tangent)
• Energy, total energy
• Flicker (Pst, Plt)
• Voltage THD
• Current THD
• Current CF
• Voltage harmonics to the 50
th
(not in P function)
• Voltage interharmonics (not in P function)
• Mains signalling voltage
• Unbalance
• Frequency
1745
POWER QUALITY LOGGER
LOGGING STATUS
SUPPLY INPUT
L
1
A
L
B
2
L
C
3
660V MAX
88-660V
100-350V
45
-65Hz
5VA
VOLTAGE INPUT
830
V 480V
60
0V
CAT
-
L
/
L
30
0V
CA
T
CURRENT INPUT
10 V
MAX
-
L
N
RMS
MAX
/
RS232
START / STOP
T
egc001.eps
Figure 1. 1745 Power Quality Logger
3
1745
Users Manual
Symbols
Table 1 lists the symbols used on the instrument and in this manual.
Table 1. Symbols
Symbol Description
W
X
J
T
F
P
)
~
;
Important information. See the manual.
Hazardous voltage.
Earth ground.
Double insulation.
Direct Current (DC).
Conforms to European Union requirements
Canadian Standards Association is the certified body used
for testing compliance to safety standards.
Do not dispose of this product as unsorted municipal waste.
Contact Fluke or a qualified recycler for disposal.
Conforms to relevant Australian Standards.
Safety Instructions
Please read this section carefully. It will make you familiar with the most
important safety instructions for using the Logger.
Warnings identify conditions and actions that pose safety hazards to the
user and Cautions identify conditions and actions that can damage the
Logger.
4
Power Quality Logger
Safety Instructions
W X Warnings
• To avoid electrical shock, do not connect any part of
the Logger to systems that have higher voltages to
ground (earth) than are marked on the Logger.
• Areas between the power company meter and the
source of the distribution system are characterized as
CAT IV areas. To avoid electrical shock or equipment
damage, never connect the Logger to power in CAT IV
areas if the voltage-to-earth ground is greater than
300 V.
• To avoid damaging the Logger, never connect its
voltage measuring inputs to phase-to-phase voltages
higher than 830 V.
• To avoid damaging the Logger, never connect the
power supply leads to voltages higher than 660 V-RMS
AC.
• The Logger is to be used and handled only by qualified
personnel (see page 8).
• Maintenance work on the Logger must be done only by
qualified service personnel.
• Use only the current probes specified in this manual. If
you use flexible current probes, wear suitable
protective gloves or work on de-energized conductors.
• Do not expose the Logger to moisture or humidity.
• To prevent electrical shock, always connect power
supply and voltage test leads to the Logger before
connecting to the load.
• All accessories must be approved for 600 V CAT III or
higher.
• Use the Logger only with its original standard
equipment or with approved optional accessories, as
listed in Table 2 and Table 3 in this manual.
5
1745
Users Manual
• Connect clip-on current transformers and/or Flexi Set
to insulated live conductors only.
• If measuring sensors are to be connected to non-
insulated live conductors, additional personal
protective measures must be taken as required by local
government agencies.
WCaution
To avoid damage, use the 1745 Power Quality Logger, only
with the following nominal voltages:
• Single/3 phase, 4-wire (Wye) systems (P-N): 69 V to
480 V
• 3-phase-3-wire(Delta) systems (P-P): 120 V to 830 V
WX Warning
To avoid electrical shock, or damaging the Logger’s
internal protective circuitry weatherproof seal, do not open
the Logger.
Qualified Personnel
The following qualifications are required for using the Logger safely:
• Trained and authorized to switch on/off, ground (earth), and mark
power distribution circuits and devices in accordance with electrical
engineering safety standards.
• Trained or instructed in safety engineering standards for maintaining
and using appropriate safety equipment.
• Trained in first aid.
Standard Equipment and Optional Accessories
Table 2 lists the standard equipment for the 1745 Power Quality Logger and
Table 3 lists optional accessories.
6
Power Quality Logger
Safety Instructions
Table 2. Standard Equipment
Equipment Model/Part
Number
Power Quality Logger 1745
International IEC Power Plug Adapter Set 2441372
RS232 Cable, Red, Null-Modem 2540511
Shielded 4-Phase Flexi Set (15 A/150 A/1500 A/3000 A) FS17XX
Dolphin Clip, Black (4x) 2540726
Color Coding Wire Clips WC17XX
Soft Case 2715509
English Users Manual 2560366
CD with Users Manual (English, German, French, Spanish,
Portuguese, Simplified Chinese, Italian), and PQ Log
software (same languages as the manual)
Power cord adapter for parallel connection to test leads 2651702
Power cord 2715492
USB Adapter 2539565
Table 3. Optional Accessories
Description Accessory
3-Phase Flexi Set MBX 3FLEX
3-Phase 1 A/10 A micro CT EPO405A
C425 Hardcase 2654865
Permlink Software for Modem E631820090
3-Phase Voltage Leads 2645854
2583507
Inspect the contents of the shipping box for completeness and damage. Report
any damage, to the shipper.
7
1745
Users Manual
Features
This section introduces the Logger’s controls, indicators and other features.
Refer to Figure 2 and Table 4.
7
1745
POWER QUALITY LOGGER
LOGGING S
START / STOP
T
RS232
6
2
3
Figure 2. 1745 Power Quality Logger - Front View
TATUS
SUPPLY INPUT
L
1
A
L
B
2
L
C
3
660V MAX
88-660V
100-350V
45
-65Hz
5VA
8
VOLTAGE INPUT
830
V 480V
60
0V
CAT
-
L
/
L
30
0V
CA
T
1
CURRENT INPUT
10
MAX
V
-
L
N
4
RMS
MAX
/
5
egc002.eps
8
Power Quality Logger
Safety Instructions
Table 4. 1745 Power Quality Logger - Controls and Indicators
Item Name Description
Connector for
1
Logger power
supply.
This is where the power cord attaches to the
Logger. The power cord connects in parallel
to any two test leads as long as the voltage
is below 660 V absolute maximum.
Whenever there is any risk that voltage
could be higher, connect the power cord to a
wall outlet using the appropriate
international power plug (supplied).
Power supply voltage range: 88-660 V AC or
100-350 VDC, 50 Hz / 60 Hz, 600 V CAT III.
START/STOP switch The START/STOP button is used to start or
2
LCD status display Shows measured input values to provide
3
end switch-operated logging sessions.
confidence in proper setup and test lead
connections. Every 3 seconds, the display
changes to the next set of readings in the
following sequence:
1. The three voltage levels
2. The main three phase currents
3. Neutral current and real-time clock
4. Active (true) power on each phase
The cycle repeats continuously. Make sure
the readings look reasonable before leaving
the Logger to collect data.
Power supply leads
4
and 3-phase plus
neutral voltage test
leads
Fixed installed voltage input cables for L1 or
A, L2 or B, L3 or C, N.
The highest permissible nominal voltage is
830 V in a 3-wire network with Delta
connection.
In a 4-wire network with Wye connection,
the highest permissible nominal voltage is
480 V.
When using PTs and CTs for measuring
voltage and current in a medium-voltage
network, refer to the IEC 60044 international
standard for guidelines.
9
1745
Users Manual
Table 4. 1745 Power Quality Logger - Controls and Indicators (cont)
Item Name Description
Connector for Flexi
5
Set or current
clamps
RS232 interface port The serial RS232 interface is used to
6
Logging Status LED
7
8 Channel LEDs The logging channel LEDs indicate
Flexi sets or current clamps are detected
automatically at power-up. If you change the
current probe type, be sure to remove and
restore power so the Logger will detect the
new current probe.
Nominal ranges for the Flexi Set are 15 A,
150 A, 1500 A, and 3000 A AC. Nominal
input for current clamps is 0.5 V.
communicate with a PC. The Logger is
connected to the PC’s serial port (or a
modem for remote communication) using
the interface cable. Use a USB adapter if
necessary.
Yellow blinking = Logging job not set up yet,
or waiting for start time or START button.
Green blinking = logging is in progress
Steady green = Logging session is finished.
Data are ready to upload to a PC.
whether the applied voltages are within the
nominal range set using the PQ Log
software.
Red = Overload
Green = OK
Yellow = Underload
(There is no detection for the current input)
10
Power Quality Logger
Safety Instructions
Power Network Configurations
You can set up the Logger to work with several power network configurations
(listed below). You make these settings using PQ Log software while
connected to the Logger using the interface cable. See the PQ Log Users
Manual for details.
• Delta system
• Delta 2 element system (2 voltage/current transformer)
• Wye (Star) system
• Single phase
• Split single phase
Working with Logged Data
See the PQ Log manual for full details. Logged data can be evaluated using the
PQ Log software to provide the following:
• Amount, date/time, and duration of quick and slow voltage variations
• Half-cycle: 10 ms-extreme values for 50 Hz (8.3 ms at 60 Hz) MIN
and MAX for each measuring interval
• Depth and duration of voltage dips
• Correlation between peak current and voltage dips
• 95 %-flicker values according to EN50160
• Number and duration of interruptions
• Compliance of harmonic levels with defined limits
• Mean and peak values of phase currents
• Value of neutral conductor current
• Current total harmonic distortion (THD) of phase and neutral
conductor currents
• Profile of active, reactive, and apparent power versus time
• Monitoring of power factor (PF) and information about effectiveness
of compensation systems
• Graphical representations of logging data and statistics
11
1745
Users Manual
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
This section explains how to operate the 1745 Power Quality Logger. You
should also refer to the PQ Log Users Manual to become familiar with the
software you use to prepare the Logger for use and download logged data.
A typical logging session includes four steps:
1. Preparing the Logger for use with the PQ Log software.
2. Installing the Logger at the logging site.
3. Leaving the Logger to collect data for a period.
4. Downloading and evaluating the logged data.
These steps are described in the following pages.
About Logging Jobs
Logging jobs are defined using the PQ Log software, and transferred to the
Logger over the RS-232 cable. Each job contains the following information:
• Logging function P or A
• Measuring period, defined by start and end times
• Time activated, switch or immediate job
• Nominal voltage
• Power type (wye, delta, etc.)
• Averaging period length
• Logging time period
• Interharmonics and signaling voltages
• Limit values for events
• Memory model for events: circular (first-in/first-out, continuous), or
linear (quit logging when logging period is finished)
• Logging of current - neutral wire
• Optional converter ratios for current and voltage if using potential
transformers (PTs) and current transformers (CTs) at a mediumvoltage network site
12
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
Preparing the Logger for Use
Prepare the 1745 Logger for use with PQ Log software as follows (see
Figure 3):
1. Connect the Logger to line power. Use the power supply cables to
connect to an outlet, or to the test leads phase and neutral for Wye
configurations, or any two-phase leads for delta.
W Caution
If you are powering the Logger in parallel with the test
leads, and the voltage under test at the Logger power
supply connections could be greater than 660 V RMS AC,
plug the power supply leads into an outlet instead.
Otherwise, you could damage the Logger.
2. Connect the RS232 interface cable to the serial port of your PC. Use a
USB adapter if your PC does not have a serial port.
3. Run the PQ Log software as described in the PQ Log Users Manual.
4. Set up the Logging job and transfer the settings to the Logger.
13
1745
Users Manual
Power in Parallel
with Test Leads
1745
POWER QUALITY LOGGER
LOGGING S
T
TATUS
Powe r
Supply
Leads
START / STOP
RS232
SUPP
L
Y INPUT
VOLTAGE INPUT
L
1
A
L
B
2
L
C
3
660
V MAX
88-660
V
10
0-350V
830
V 48
600V
4
5
-65
C
AT
Hz
L
5VA
30
0V
CA
T
Voltage
Test Leads
Power from Wall Outlet
1745
P
O
WER QUALITY LOGGER
LOGGING STATUS
START / STOP
T
CURRENT INPUT
-
0V
/
L
10 V
MAX
RMS
-
L
N
MAX
RS232
Power Supply
Leads
SUPP
L
Y INPUT
VOLTAGE INPUT
L
1
A
L
B
2
L
3
C
660
V MAX
88-660
V
10
0-350V
45-65
Hz
5VA
CURRENT INPUT
830
V 48
600V
C
AT
-
0V
L
/
L
10 V
MAX
RMS
-
L
30
N
0V
CA
MAX
T
Voltage
Test Leads
14
Max 660 V
Figure 3. Supplying Operating Power to the Logger
egc031.eps
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
Test Leads - Markings
The 1745 Logger includes detachable labeled test leads for voltage terminals
L1 or A, L2 or B, L3 or C, and N. Another detachable set of leads provides
operating power to the Logger. The Flexi Set or current clamp sets are
connected by a seven-pin plug to the Logger A connector. Color coding clips
are provided for your convenience.
Table 5 shows the test leads and markings of the Logger.
Table 5. Test Leads - Markings
Test Leads Markings
Phase L1 or A L1 / A
Phase L2 or B L2 / B
Phase L3 or C L3 / C
Neutral wire N N
Connecting Current Probes
Connect current clamps and Flexi Set probes so that current will flow in the
direction marked by arrows on the probes. Current must flow from the energy
generator to the energy consumer (the load) in order to maintain a positive
active power. Orient the Flexi probe so that the arrow points towards the load.
(The polarization of the test lead for neutral conductor current is not
significant, because the phase angle of the neutral conductor current is not
evaluated.)
Logging with Voltage Converters
The 1745 Logger includes an adjustable convertor ratio that enables it to be
used with voltage convertors (potential transformers, or PTs).
Note
When logging with voltage convertors, make sure the power supply
cables are not connected in parallel to the voltage test leads, or the
Logger’s power consumption can reduce accuracy.
The convertor ratio is defined using the PQ Log software.
15
1745
Users Manual
Connecting the Logger
W X Warnings
• To avoid electrical shock, do not connect any part of
the Logger to systems that have higher voltages to
ground (earth) than are marked on the Logger.
• Areas between the power company meter and the
source of the distribution system are characterized as
CAT IV areas. To avoid electrical shock or equipment
damage, never connect the Logger to power in CAT IV
areas if the voltage-to-earth ground is greater than
300 V.
• To avoid damaging the Logger, never connect its
voltage measuring inputs to phase-to-phase voltages
higher than 830 V.
• To avoid damaging the Logger, never connect the
power supply leads to voltages higher than 660 V RMS
AC.
• The Logger is to be used and handled only by qualified
personnel (see page 6).
• Maintenance work on the Logger must be done only by
qualified service personnel.
• Use only the current probes specified in this manual. If
you use flexible current probes, wear suitable
protective gloves or work on de-energized conductors.
• Do not expose the Logger to moisture or humidity.
• To prevent electrical shock, always connect power
supply and voltage test leads to the Logger before
connecting to the load.
• All accessories must be approved for 600 V CAT III or
higher.
16
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
• Use the Logger only with its original standard
equipment or with approved optional accessories as
listed in Table 2 and Table 3 in this manual.
• Connect clip-on current transformers and/or Flexi Set
to insulated live conductors only.
• If measuring sensors are to be connected to non-
insulated live conductiors, additional personal
protective measures must be taken as required by local
government agencies.
WCaution
To avoid damage, use the 1745 Power Quality Logger only
with the following nominal voltages:
Single/3-phase 4-wire (Wye) systems (P-N): 69 V to 480 V
3-phase-3-wire (Delta) systems (P-P): 120 V to 830 V
WX Warning
To avoid electrical shock, or damaging the Logger’s
internal protective circuitry or weatherproof seal, do not
open the Logger.
17
1745
Users Manual
Connect the Logger as follows.
Note
∆- (delta) or Υ- (wye) measurements.
The 1745 Logger is prepared for logging in Delta, Delta 2 Element,
Wye (Star), single and split phase. Please note the different types of
connection and configuration in the PQ Log software.
1. Connect all required measuring leads.
2. If you want to supply the Logger from an outlet use the supplied
power cord and plug adapter. The power supply leads can also be
connected in parallel to the voltage test leads, but the voltage is
limited to 660 V RMS AC.
3. Connect the current clamp set or Flexi Set to the Logger.
4. Connect the current sensor to the conductor under test.
5. Connect the dolphin clips to the test leads. For 3-phase, 4-wire
systems, connect the N-test lead first, and then the other phases.
18
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
Connections in 3-Phase 4-Wire (Wye) Systems
Figure 4 shows the connections for logging 3-phase 4-wire (Wye) systems:
1745
POWER QUALITY LOGGER
LOGGING S
TATUS
SUPP
LY INPUT
VOLTAGE INPUT
L
1
A
L
2
B
L
C
3
660
V MAX
88
660V
100-
350V
4
5
-65Hz
5VA
CURRENT INPUT
830
V 48
600VCAT
0
L
/
V
L
10 V
MAX
RMS
-
L
30
N
0
V
CA
T
MAX
/
Power Supply
START / STOP
T
RS232
L1 L2
L3
N
Figure 4. Logging in a 3-Phase 4-Wire (Wye) System
egc003.eps
19
1745
Users Manual
Connections in 3-Phase 3-Wire (Delta) Systems
Figure 5 shows the connections for logging 3-phase 3-wire (Delta) systems.
The test lead “N” can be left open or connected to ground potential.
1745
POWER QUALITY LOGGER
LOGGING STATUS
START / STOP
T
RS232
Power Supply
SUPPLY INPUT
L
L
L
VOLTAGE INPUT
1
A
B
2
C
3
660V MAX
88
660
V
10
0-
350
V
45
-65Hz
5VA
CURRENT INPUT
830
V 48
600VCAT
-
0
L
/
V
L
10 V
MAX
RMS
L
30
N
0
V
CA
MAX
T
/
L1 L2
L3
N
egc004.eps
Figure 5. Logging in a 3-Phase 3-Wire (Delta) System
20
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
Connections for Single-Phase Logging
Figure 6 shows the connections for logging single-phase logging systems:
1745
POWER QUALITY LOGGER
LOGGING S
START / STOP
T
RS232
Power Supply
TATUS
SUPP
LY INPUT
VOLTAGE INPUT
L
1
A
L
2
B
L
C
3
660
V MAX
88
660V
100-
350V
4
5
-65Hz
5VA
CURRENT INPUT
830
V 48
600VCAT
0
L
/
V
L
10 V
MAX
RMS
-
L
30
N
0
V
CA
T
MAX
/
L1
N
L3
L2
Figure 6. Single-Phase Logging
egc005.eps
21
1745
Users Manual
Connections for Medium Voltage Networks
In a 3-phase 3-wire (Delta) system with three separate voltage converters and
three current transformers, the Logger can measure phase-phase (P-P, Delta) or
phase - N (P-N, Wye). See Figure 7.
1745
POWER QUALITY LOGGER
LOGGING S
TATUS
SUPP
LY INPUT
L
L
L
VOLTAGE INPUT
1
A
B
2
C
3
660
V MAX
88
660V
100-
350V
45
-65Hz
5VA
CURRENT IN
PUT
830
V 48
600VCAT
0
L
/
V
L
10 V
MAX
RMS
L
30
N
0
V
CA
MAX
T
/
L1
Power Supply
L1
L2
START / STOP
T
RS232
L2
L3
L1
L2
L3
N
L3
Figure 7. Measuring 3 Phase Voltages in a 3-Wire (Delta) System with
Three Voltage Converters
22
egc006.eps
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
Figure 9 shows the connections for two-element Delta (Aron or Blondel)
metering connections.
1745
POWER QUALITY LOGGER
LOGGING S
START / STOP
T
RS232
TATUS
SUPP
LY IN
PUT
VOLTAGE INPUT
L
1
A
L
B
2
L
3
C
660
V MAX
88
660V
100-
350V
4
5
-65Hz
5VA
CURRENT INPUT
830
V 48
600VCAT
0
L
/
V
L
10 V
MAX
RMS
-
L
30
N
0
V
CA
T
MAX
/
Power Supply
L1
L2
L3
L3
L2, N
L1
egc009.eps
Figure 8. Two-Element Delta Connections
23
1745
Users Manual
Logging
When the Logger is connected and ready, you can perform three types of
logging:
Switch-activated job: The status LED is blinking. Press the
START/STOP button once. As soon as the job is active, the LED is
on continuously. If needed, the job can be cancelled after running for
at least one minute, and restarted later.
Time-activated job: The Logger starts logging as soon as the pre-
programmed start time is reached and stops at the defined end time.
Immediate job: The Logger starts logging as soon as power is on.
Note the following about logging jobs:
1. The connection can be verified with the LCD (voltage, current,
power). If all three LEDs are lit continuously, the voltage connections
and signal levels are within nominal range. For details, see Table 4 in
the Features section.
2. The Logging job status is indicated by the status LED. For details, see
Table 4 in the Features section.
Completing the Logging Job
1. Terminate the job as follows:
• For switch activated jobs: At the end of the logging period,
stop the logging job by pressing the START/STOP button.
• For time activated and immediate jobs: Stop the job in PQ
Log with the icon, or with menu Logger/Stop logging
Note
Make sure the logging job is stopped with the START/STOP button
(switch activated jobs) or PQ Log (time activated jobs) before the
terst leads or power supply leads are removed. Otherwise, the Logger
will record a voltage interruption.
Only switch-activated jobs can be aborted. Time activated jobs are
terminated only when the programmed measuring time has elapsed.
24
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
2. Remove the test leads of the three phases. Be sure to remove the
measuring cable of the neutral wire last.
3. Remove the current probes.
Evaluating the Logged Data
You’ll use PQ Log to evaluate the logged data. Data can be read out during
logging as well as at the end.
1. Connect the Logger to line power.
2. Connect the RS232 interface cable to your PC’s serial port, then to the
Logger.
3. Start the PQ Log software.
4. Use PQ Log to transfer the data from the Logger to the PC.
5. Once the data is transferred, remove the RS232 interface cable and
operating power from the Logger.
6. Evaluate the data using PQ Log.
For details, refer to the PQ Log manual.
Methods of Logging
The following section describes methods of logging using the 1745 Logger.
25
1745
Users Manual
Voltage Ranges
The software calculates the correct measuring range depending on the nominal
voltage (20 % overflow with C
Table 6 shows the measuring ranges of the Logger and Figure 9 shows the
selection for input ranges during job processing.
Connection Nominal Voltages (Wye/Delta) Max. Input Voltage
Wye/Delta 69 V / 120 V 115 V / 200 V 230 V / 400 V 480 V / 830 V
= 1.4).
F
Table 6. Measuring Ranges
Phase/Neutral
3-phase 4 wire
Phase/Phase
3-phase 3 wire
69 V ~, +20 % 115 V ~, +20 % 230 V ~, +20 % 480 V ~, +20 %
120 V ~, +20 % 200 V ~, +20 % 400 V ~, +20 % 830 V ~, +20 %
egb015.bmp
Figure 9. Basic Logger Setup Parameters
26
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
Signal Sampling
Input signals (up to three voltages and four currents) are filtered with an antialiasing filter and digitized with a 16-bit A/D converter. The sampling rate is
10.24 kHz. All parameters are calculated from this data.
Resolution Accuracy
Resolution and accuracy depend on the logging parameter. For details see
“Technical Specifications”.
Voltage Variations
The interval value of the voltage is defined as the mean value of the RMS
values over the interval length defined in PQ Log.
27
1745
Users Manual
Averaging Period
Averaging period can be set in PQ Log to the following:
• 1, 3, 5, 10, or 30 seconds
• 1, 5, 10, 15, or 60 minutes
Figure 10 shows the measuring voltage variations of the Logger.
1 Interval
V
N
28
Measuring period
Figure 10. Measuring Voltage Variations
Time
egb016.eps
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
Min/Max Values
Logging detects the highest and lowest voltage RMS values and the highest
current RMS value during the test interval, using a minimum resolution of
10 ms.
The response time can be set in PQ Log to the following:
0.5, or 1 line power period
200 ms
1, 3, or 5 seconds.
Figure 11 shows the logging min and max values of the Logger.
U
Max. Value
Min. Value
t
Measuring Interval
egb017.eps
Figure 11. Logging Min and Max Values
29
1745
Users Manual
Voltage Interruptions
The Logger records two types of interruptions:
• All measured RMS values of input voltages that are < 1 % of the
nominal voltage. This threshold can be adjusted in PQ Log.
• Interruptions > 1 half-cycle
The start time and duration of each interruption are registered. See Figure 12.
110% Vn
100% Vn
90% Vn
1%
Vn
30
Duration
Figure 12. Voltage Interruption
Time
egb018.eps
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
Voltage Dips and Swells
If the voltage passes the upper limit (VN + 10 %) or lower limit (VN - 10 %),
the event is registered as a voltage swell or dip respectively (thresholds are
adjustable in PQ Log).
The duration, time and extreme value of the dip or swell is also recorded. See
Figure 13.
Height
110% Vn
100% Vn
90% Vn
Depth
Duration
Figure 13. Voltage Dips and Swells
Duration
Time
egb019.eps
Voltage Harmonics
Voltage harmonics are defined as voltage components that have a frequency
that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. Logging function A
records each individual voltage harmonic, up to the 50
averaged over the interval length defined in PQ Log.
31
th
. These values are
1745
Users Manual
Current Harmonics
Current harmonics are defined as current components that have a frequency
that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency of the line power
current. Logging function A records ech individual harmonic of the phase
currents and the neutral current, up to the 50
th
order, and presents the
harmonics as absolute values. The values are averaged over the interval length
defined in PQ Log.
Mains Signaling
Voltage components that have frequencies hat are not integer multiples of the
fundamental frequency of the line power voltage are called Mains Signaling
voltages or ripple-control voltages (“interharmonics”). The Logger can be
programmed to record up to five interharmonics with a resolution of 5 Hz. This
function can also be used to monitor ripple-control signals by entering the
signal frequency of the local utility.
The Logger measures the three second RMS value of each interharmonic and
establishes statistics for EN50160 (European standard) evaluation. These
statistics are available after a minimum recording time of 24 hours, or after
regular termination of the measuring job and can be exported from PQ Log and
evaluated later.
Additionally, the Logger provides a long term recording of the interharmonics.
You can select from the following special measurement methods in the PQ
Log software:
• 200 ms maximum value (recommended for estimating ripple-control
signal levels)
• 200 ms minimum value
• 3 seconds maximum value
• Average value over interval
In PQ Log, the frequency can be entered with a resolution of 0.5 Hz, but for
evaluation, the values are corrected to a bandwidth of 5 Hz. One frequency can
be defined for each band: for example, for a ripple-control signal of 183 Hz,
the values will be corrected to 185 Hz). Interharmonics of voltages and
currents with these frequencies are recorded.
See the PQ Log manual for details.
32
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
THD V – In Function A
50
2
V
∑
n
2
n
Function A:
V
RMS value of harmonic frequency #n.
n:
V
RMS value of the fundamental frequency.
1:
VTHD
THDV: total contents of harmonics of the line power voltage as a percentage
of the fundamental.
This algorithm is according to EN 61000-4-7.
THD of currents:
THDI
=
Function A:
I
RMS value of harmonic frequency #n.
n:
I
RMS value of the fundamental frequency.
1:
THDI: total contents of harmonics of the current as a percentage of the
fundamental.
=
=
V
1
50
2
I
∑
n
2
n
=
I
1
and
()
=
50
∑
=
IATHDI
22n
n
33
1745
Users Manual
Calculation of THD in Measuring Function P
THD – Measuring Function P
Function P does not measure harmonic values.
2
2
VV
−
Voltages:
V
RMS:
V
1
Currents:
I
RMS:
I
1:
THDV
RMS value of the total signal
: RMS value of the fundamental
THDI
RMS value of the total signal
RMS value of the fundamental
RMS
=
RMS
=
1
V
1
2
−
I
1
2
II
1
Note
THDI for currents < 5 % of IE (measuring range) can have
additional uncertainties, or can be suppressed.
Harmonics up to 50th order are taken into account.
34
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
Flicker
Flicker is the visual impression of unsteadiness in a light source whose
luminance or spectral distribution changes over time. Flicker, see Figure 14, is
logged in accordance with the IEC 61000-4-15 standard. The short-term (st)
flicker P
to calculate the long-term (lt) flicker P
is logged over a default standard interval of 10 minutes, and is used
st
by taking the sliding average of 12
lt
short term values. The interval value can be changed as needed in PQ Log.
Formula for Plt Function
3
12
Pst
3
Plt
∑
==i
1
12
Flicker [%]
Inter val le ng th => 1 Pst
12 x interval le ngth => 1 flicker value Pl t
Figure 14. Measuring Flicker Values
Time
egb020.eps
35
1745
Users Manual
Unbalance
The ratio of negative-to-positive-sequence harmonics is calculated with the
angles and magnitudes of the phase voltages taken into account. These values
are averaged over the interval length defined in PQ Log.
Frequency
The line power frequency is measured and averaged over 10 seconds and the
resulting values are divided into 42 classes for establishing statistics. Values
are also averaged over the interval length defined in PQ Log.
Current Logging
The maximum values of the currents (L1 or A, L2 or B, L3 or C and N) are
measured, and the interval value of the current is calculated using the mean
value over the RMS values of the interval defined in PQ Log.
Logging Function A
If a 3-phase current sensor is connected, the neutral current is calculated on a
sample basis from the phase currents. If a 3-phase+N sensor is detected, you
can select between logging and calculating the neutral current in PQ Log.
Ipeak
The peak values of the current (samples, not RMS values) are averaged in the
PQ Log software over the predefined measuring interval.
Note
Short peak values do not contribute much to the average value and so I
be higher than I
peak
.
max
can
Crest Factor (CF)
The crest factor (CF) of the currents (L1 or A, L2 or B, L3 or C, and N) is the
ratio of current peak value divided by current RMS value, and is averaged over
the interval length defined in PQ Log. For sinusoidal signals, CF = 1.41, and
for square waves, CF =1.00
36
Power Quality Logger
Using the 1745 Power Quality Logger
Power
The power values (L1 or A, L2 or B, L3 or C and N) are averaged over the
interval length, and the maximum value of each is recorded.
The response time can be set to 1 second or 1 minute, and is independent of the
response time for voltage and current.
In logging function P, the active power, apparent power, and reactive power of
the phases and total power of all three phases is calculated.
Logging function A also calculates the distorting power D of the phases and
.
D
total
37
1745
ϕ
Users Manual
Measurement Theory
The following are the equations used by the Logger and PQ Log to produce the
results you see in PQ Log. Measurement Function A logs current and voltage
harmonics, while Measurement Function P does not:
N
TRMS value of voltage
and current. Basic values
on 200 ms per phase
RMS value of voltage and
current per logging
interval per phase
1
=
V
N
I
1
N
N: Number of samples in 200 ms intervals (2048)
1
=
V
M
I
RMS
1
M
.
∑
⋅=
i
=
N
∑
i
.
⋅=
1
=
1
M
∑
=
j
M
∑
j
2
V
ibas
2
I
ibas
2
V
basjRMS
1
2
I
bas
j
=
1
M: Number of samples in 200 ms intervals per
logging interval
Active power calculated
from FFT from samples of
voltage and current. Basic
value on 200 ms per phase
Fundamental
V
In: RMS value of current harmonics of order n
n Order of the harmonics
φn : Phase angle between current and voltage
harmonics of order n
P
n
IVP
cos..=
nnnn
: RMS value of voltage harmonics of order n
n
: Harmonics of the active power of order n
50
=
PP
∑
nbas
=
1n
38
Power Quality Logger
Measurement Theory
1 PPh
=
1
Active power of logging
interval per phase
bas
P
M
P
to 200 ms value
bas j
M: Number of 200 ms intervals per logging
intervals
M
1
⋅=
P
∑
bas
j
j
=
1
Total active power on all
three phases
Absolute value of the
active power per interval
per phase
Sum of the absolute
values of the active
power on all three phases
Apparent power based on
RMS values of voltage
and current. Basic values
on 200 ms per phase
Apparent power per
logging interval per phase
3
=
PP
∑
ktotal
=
1k
Pk: Active power of the phase
k: Phase (k = 1, 2, 3)
M
1
⋅=
M
∑
j
∑
1
M
IVS .=
=
1
P
basbetr
j
j
=
1
M
∑
j
=
1
basbasbas
S
bas
j
P
M
P
betr
total
1
S
⋅=
M
++=
PPP
basbasbas
321
S
: 200 ms value
bas j
M: Number of 200 ms intervals per logging
intervals
39
1745
Users Manual
Total apparent power on
three phases
Distortion power. Basic
value on 200 ms per
phase
Distortion power per
interval per phase
Total distortion power on
three phases
Distortion power per
phase
3
=
SS
∑
ktotal
=
1K
k: Phase (k = 1, 2, 3)
222
QPSD −−=
basbasbasbas
M
1
⋅=
D
M
D
: 200 ms value
bas j
M: Number of 200 ms intervals per logging interval
=
PF ⋅==
D
∑
bas
j
=
3
∑
=
1k
λ
j
1
DD
P
S
ktotal
Q
Q
Total distortion power on
three phases
Tangent φ per phase
Total tangent φ on three
phases
Active power of the
fundamental per phase
Basic value for 200 ms
40
PF ⋅==
ϕ
tan
=
ϕ
tan
total
1 PPh
bas
λ
P
totaltotal
S
total
total
Q
Q
total
total
Q
P
Q
total
=
P
total
=
1
Power Quality Logger
Measurement Theory
M
M
1
⋅=
Ph
1
∑
j
basbas
=
1
j
Active power of the
fundamental per phase
per interval
Ph
1
Total active power of the
fundamental for three
phases
Apparent power of the
fundamental per phase.
Basic value for 200 ms.
Apparent power of the
fundamental per phase
per interval
Power factor of the
fundamental per phase
Total power factor on all
three phases
Active energy per phase
and total
Sign of PF, tan φ, cos φ:
3
⋅=
=
bas
1
Sh
1
⋅=
M
Ph
ϕ
cos
1
=
ϕ
cos
total
1
Active power accumulated on each logging
interval
∑
k
.1 IVSh
M
∑
j
Sh
11
PhPh
ktotal
=
1
11
=
1
1
Sh
total
1
1
bas
j
1
Qh
⋅=
1
Qh
Ph
1
total
ShShSh
111
++
321
Qh
1
total
⋅
Qh
1
total
Sign “+” : Q positive (“inductive”)
Sign “-“ : Q negative (“capacitive”) independent of the sign of active power P
41
1745
Users Manual
Maintenance
WCaution
Maintenenca work on the done only by trained and
qualified personnel at a company approved service center
within the warranty period. For locations of Fluke Service
Centers worldwide and contact information, see the Fluke
website.
With the proper use, the Logger does not require special maintenance other
than periodic calibration at a Fluke calibration center.
If the Logger gets dirty, wipe it off carefully with a damp cloth without
cleaning agents.
Lithium Battery
The 1745 Logger contains a vanadium pentoxide lithium rechargeable battery
and a sealed gel-type, lead-acid battery. These batteries are automatically
recharged during normal operation. Neither one is user-servicable.
Disposal
If you discard the Logger, you must recycle it at an appropriate recycling
center as required by local regulations.
42
Power Quality Logger
Technical Specifications
Technical Specifications
Logging Parameters – Overview
Table 7 shows an overview of the logging parameters.
Table 7. Logging Parameters - Overview
Measuring Function P A
Voltage: mean, min, max
values
Current: Mean, max-values z z
Neutral current N z z
Voltage events z z
Power: P, |P|, S, D, PF,
tangent
Power total P, |P|, S, D, PF,
tangent
Energy z z
Flicker: Pst, Plt z z
Voltage harmonics z
Current harmonics (L1 or A,
L2 or B, L3 or C, N,
up to 50
Interharmonics, ripple-control
signals
THDV (voltage) z z
th
order)
z z
z z
z z
z
z z
THDI (current) z z
CF (crest factor current) z z
Unbalance z z
Frequency z z
43
1745
Users Manual
Maximum Number of Intervals for Logging Funtion P
The maximum recording period can be calculated by multiplying the interval
time defined in PQ Log with the maximum number of intervals in the
following table.
Version P, V+I A, V+I
Averaged periods > 24,000 > 10,000
General Information
Intrinsic uncertainty Valid for reference conditions, and guaranteed for
two years.
Quality system Developed, designed, and manufactured according to
DIN ISO 9001.
Recalibration interval Fluke recommends a recalibration interval of no
more than two years, depending on use.
Reference conditions 23 C ±2 K, 230 V ±10 %
50 Hz ± 0.1 Hz / 60 Hz ± 0.1 Hz
44
Phase sequence: L1 or A, L2 or B, L3 or C
Interval length: 10 minutes, 3-phase Wye
configuration.
Power supply: 88 to 265 V AC
Power Quality Logger
Technical Specifications
Environmental Specifications
Working temperature
range
Operating temperature
range
Storage temperature range -20°C to +60°C
Reference temperature
range
Relative humidity 10 to 90 %, no condensation
Housing Robust, compact housing of CYCOLOY
Protection IP50 per EN 60529
Safety EN 61010-1 600 V CAT III, 300 V CAT IV
Type test voltage 5.2 kV AC, 50 Hz / 60 Hz, 5 s
-10°C to +55°C
0°C to +35°C
23°C ± 2 K
pollution degree 2, double insulation
EMC
Emission IEC/EN 61326-1, EN 55022
Immunity IEC/EN 61326-1
Power Supply
Functional range 88 to 660 V RMS AC absolute, 50 Hz / 60 Hz
Safety EN 61010-1 600 V CAT III, 300 V CAT IV,
pollution degree 2, double insulation
Fuse Power supply fuse can be replaced only in service
facility. Supply can be connected in parallel to
measuring inputs (up to 660 V RMS AC).
Power consumption 5 W
Memory capacity 8 MB Flash-EPROM
Intervals > 10000 intervals, > 70 days with 10 min intervals
Events > 13000
45
1745
Users Manual
Memory model Linear or circular, user-selectable
Interface RS-232, 9600 to 115.000 Baud, automatic selection,
3-wire communication.
Dimensions 170 mm x 125 mm x 55 mm
Weight
Approx. 0.9 kg
Measurement
A/D converter 16 bit
Sampling frequency 10.24 kHz
Anti-aliasing filter FIR-Filter, fC = 4.9 kHz
Frequency response Uncertainty < 1 % of Vm for 40 Hz to 2500 Hz
Interval length 1, 3, 5, 10, or 30 seconds,
1, 5, 10, 15, or 60 minutes
Averaging time for
min/max values
½ , 1 line power period, 200 ms
1, 3, 5 s
Time base Resolution: 10 ms (at 50 Hz) deviation: 2 s/day at
23°C.
Input Voltage
Input range VI P-N: 69, 115, 230, or 480 V AC
Input range V
Max. overload voltage 1.2 V
Input range selection Automatically set by user-entered nominal voltage
P-P 120, 200, 400, or 830 V AC
I
I
value.
Connections P-P or P-N, 1- or 3-phase
Nominal voltage V
≤ 999 kV (using PTs and ratios)
N
Input resistance Approx. 820 ke per channel. Lx-N Single phase
(L1 or A, L2 or B, L3 or C connected): app. 300 ke
Intrinsic uncertainty 0.1 % of V
Voltage transformer Ratio : < 999 kV / V
I
I
Ratio selection Optional: user-selectable
46
Power Quality Logger
Technical Specifications
Current Input with Flexi Set
Input ranges II L1 or A, L2
or B, L3 or C, N:
Measuring range 0.75 A to 3000 A AC
Intrinsic uncertainty < 2 % of I
Position influence Max. ±2 % of m.v. for distance conductor to
Stray field influence <± 2 A for Iext= 500 A AC and distance to
Temperature coeff < 0.005 % / K
Current transformer Ratio : ≤ 999 kA / I
Ratio selection Optional: user-selectable
Connection Power type selectable in PQ Log
15, 150, 1500, or 3000 A AC
I
measuring head >30 mm
measuring head >200 mm
I
Current Input for Clamp
Input signal: 0.5 V AC nominal (for II) 1.4 V peak
Intrinsic uncertainty < 0.3 % of II
Max. overload 10 V AC
Input resistance App. 8.2 ke
Current transformer Ratio : ≤ 999 kA / ≤ II
Ratio selection By job programming
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Users Manual
General Specifications
RMS Logging Slow Voltage Variations
Logging values: Mean value RMS values averaged over interval length
Min, Max values Averaging with selectable averaging time from
half-cycle to 5 s
Max value Max. 10 ms RMS value per interval
Min value: Min. 10 ms RMS value per interval
Current Logging Values
Mean value RMS values averaged over interval length
Max value Highest RMS value per interval
Events Dips, Swells, Interruptions
Limit value Variable
Lower limit: 0 to 95 % V
Upper limit: 105 to 120 % VN
Set in PQ Log
Range 0 to VI + 20 %
Logging value Half-cycle RMS value
Operating uncertainty < 2 % of V
Response time ½ line power period
I
N,
Flicker
Logging value Flicker severity (Plt / Pst) according to
IEC 61000-4-15
Intrinsic uncertainty P
Measuring range Pst 0.4 to 4
48
< 5 % of measured value
st
Power Quality Logger
Technical Specifications
Power P, S, |P|
Active power P As per EN 61036, class 2
Distorting power D As per EN 61268, class 2 (A-version only)
Max value Highest value per interval
Min value Smallest value per interval
Phase uncertainty < 0.3 degrees
Conditions Conductor centered within clamp jaws or
Flexi Set.
Harmonics (Logging Function A Only)
Vm, Im, THDV, THDI per IEC/EN 61000-4-7, class B
Voltage harmonics (function A)
intrinsic uncertainty:
Current harmonics (function A)
Intrinsic uncertaintyi
THD V (function A) intrinsic
uncertainty at V
THD V (function P) intrinsic
uncertainty at VN
THD I (functions A, P) intrinsic
uncertainty at II
N
For Vm < 3 % VN: < 0.15 % VN
For Vm ≥ 3 % VN: < 5 % Vm
For Im < 10 % IN: < 0.5 % IN
For Im ≥ 10 % IN: < 5 % Im
For THD V < 3 %: < 0.15 %
For THD V ≥ 3 %: < 5 %
For THD V < 3 %: < 1 %
For THD ≥3 %: < 5 %
For THD I < 3 %: < 2 %
For THD I ≥ 3 %: < 5 %
Statistics
Frequency 42 classes for 10 s mean values
Ripple-control signals.
Interharmonics 21 classes for 3 s mean values.
Analysis of logging data
Programming and analysis is done by PQ Log software on PC.
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Logging Function Parameters
Logging Values
Voltage L1 or A, L2 or B, L3 or C: phase-phase or phase-neutral:
• Voltage (mean, max, min values)
• Voltage harmonics 1
• THDV (harmonic contents of voltage)
• Interharmonics 5 to 2500 Hz (in steps of 0.5 Hz) (Logging Function A
only)
• Flicker P
st,Plt
• Unbalance
• Signaling voltages
• Frequency
• Voltage events (dips, swells, interruptions)
Current L1 or A, L2 or B, L3 or C, and N:
• Current (mean, max values)
• Harmonics of phase and neutral currents up to 50
Function A only)
st
to 50th order (Logging Function A only)
th
order (Logging
• Crest factor and peak values of the currents
Power:
• Active power P (mean, min, and max values)
• Absolute values active power |P| (mean, min, and max values)
• Distorting power D (mean, min, and max values)
• Apparent power S (mean, min, and max values)
• Power Factor PF, tangent
• Energy per averaging interval
Total power:
• Total power P, |P|, D, S
• 3-wattmeter method
• 2-wattmeter method (Aron circuitry)
• 2 ½ wattmeter method
50
Power Quality Logger
Technical Specifications
Applications
Power quality:
• Voltage quality analysis according to EN 50160 over a 1-week period
(time-activated job)
• Examination of measurement quantities per standards
Disturbance analysis:
• Long-term analysis of line power voltage
• Examination of voltage dips, swells, and harmonic problems
(Logging Function A only)
• Flicker measurement
• Examination of ripple control signals (level) (Logging Function A
only)
• Specific search for disturbances through correlation of relevant
logging quantities (e.g. current, voltage, and flicker), time of
occurrence, periodicity
Network Optimization:
• Load logging
• Current logging (with Flexi Set 5 to 3000 A or clamps 1 to 1000 A)
• Capture of current peaks
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PQ Log PC Application Software
PQ Log for PCs is the application for use with the 1745 Power Quality
Logger. The data are also available in ASCII format.
Programs available for setting up the Logger:
• Averaging period length
• Memory model
• Nominal voltage
• Response time for min, max values
• Power type (wye, delta, etc.)
• Thresholds for event detection, interruptions
Setup:
• Internal clock (date/time)
• Assign 1745 Power Quality Logger instrument name
• Parameters for data export
• Software updates
Analysis:
• ASCII data export
• Graphical summary of all EN50160 parameters
• Live reading viewing
52
Power Quality Logger
PQ Log PC Application Software
Live Reading (Online Test)
Figure 15 shows a typical display of online test:
Figure 15. Live Reading (Online Test)
egb024.bmp
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Users Manual
ASCII Export
Figure 16 shows a typical display of ASCII export.
Figure 16. ASCII Export
egb025.bmp
For special cases, additional evaluations are available:
• Graphic representation of measured data
• Timeplot diagrams
• Application oriented analysis
• Logging value list
• Table of events (UNIPEDE DISDIP)
• Table summary
• Cumulative frequency, harmonics (Logging Function A only)
• Statistical values
• All exceeding table
• Most critical values
54
Power Quality Logger
PQ Log PC Application Software
Timeplot Diagram
Figure 17 shows a typical display of Timeplot diagram:
Figure 17. Timeplot Diagram
egb026.bmp
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Users Manual
UNIPEDE DISDIP Table
Figure 18 shows a typical display of UNIPEDE DISDIP table:
Figure 18. UNIPEDE DISDIP Table
Cumulative Frequency – Harmonics
egb027.bmp
Figure 19 shows a typical display of cumulative frequencies for current and
voltage harmonics:
egb028.bmp
Figure 19. Cumulative Frequency - For Voltage and Current Harmonics
56
Index
—A—
Anti aliasing filter, 27
Apparent Power, 37
—C—
Completing the Logging, 24
Connecting the clip on probes, 15
Connection modes, 26
Connections for Medium Voltage
Networks, 22
Crest Factor, 36
Current, 36
Current Harmonics, 32
—D—
Disposal, 42
—E—
Evaluation, 25
Extreme values, 29
—F—
Flicker, 35
Frequency, 36
—I—
Installation at the measuring site, 18
Interharmonics, 12
Interval length, 12
Ipeak, 36
—L—
Limit values for events, 12
Lithium Battery, 42
Logging Configurations, 11
Logging input for voltages, 10
Logging segments, 12
—M—
Maximum nominal voltages, 6, 17
Methods of Logging, 25
—N—
Nominal Voltage, 26
—P—
Power factor, 37
Program a logging job, 13
—R—
Reactive Power, 37
—S—
Sampling rate, 27
signaling voltages, 12
Signaling voltages, interharmonics, 32
—T—
THD I, 34
THD V, 33
—U—
Unbalance, 36
User Interface, 1
—V—
Voltage dips/swells, 31
Voltage Harmonics, 31
Voltage interruptions, 30
Voltage variations, 28
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