Fluke 990DSL User Manual

990DSL

CopperPro Series II
Broadband Loop Tester

Users Guide

August 2006, Rev. 2, 09/07

© 2006, 2007 Fluke Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

LIMITED WARRANTY & LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

Each Fluke Networks product is warranted to be free from defects in material
and workmanship under normal use and service. The warranty period for the
mainframe is one year and begins on the date of purchase. Parts, accessories,
product repairs and services are warranted for 90 days, unless otherwise
stated. Ni-Cad, Ni-MH and Li-Ion batteries, cables or other peripherals are all
considered parts or accessories. The warranty extends only to the original
buyer or end user customer of a Fluke Networks authorized reseller, and does
not apply to any product which, in Fluke Networks’ opinion, has been misused,
abused, altered, neglected, contaminated, or damaged by accident or abnormal
conditions of operation or handling. Fluke Networks warrants that software will
operate substantially in accordance with its functional specifications for 90 days
and that it has been properly recorded on non-defective media. Fluke Net­works does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without inter­ruption.

Fluke Networks authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and un­used products to end-user customers only but have no authority to extend a
greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke Networks. Warranty support is
available only if product is purchased through a Fluke Networks authorized
sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price. Fluke Net­works reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of re­pair/replacement parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for
repair in another country.

Fluke Networks warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke Networks option, to re­fund of the purchase price, free of charge repair, or replacement of a defective
product which is returned to a Fluke Networks authorized service center within
the warranty period.

To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Fluke Networks authorized
service center to obtain return authorization information, then send the product
to that service center, with a description of the difficulty, postage and insurance
prepaid (FOB destination). Fluke Networks assumes no risk for damage in
transit. Following warranty repair, the product will be returned to Buyer, trans­portation prepaid (FOB destination). If Fluke Networks determines that failure
was caused by neglect, misuse, contamination, alteration, accident or abnormal
condition of operation or handling, or normal wear and tear of mechanical com­ponents, Fluke Networks will provide an estimate of repair costs and obtain
authorization before commencing the work. Following repair, the product will
be returned to the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for
the repair and return transportation charges (FOB Shipping point).

THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN
LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OR MERCHANTABILITY
OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. FLUKE NETWORKS SHALL
NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSE­QUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES, INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, ARISING
FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY.

Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied
warranty, or exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, the
limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not apply to every buyer. If any
provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court or other
decision-maker of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity
or enforceability of any other provision.

4/04

Fluke Networks
PO Box 777
Everett, WA 98206-0777
USA

Table of Contents

Chapter Title Page

1 Introduction .............................................................................. 1-1

Using This Guide.................................................................................. 1-1

Introduction .......................................................................................... 1-2

Design Highlights and Features of the CopperPro............................ 1-3

Physical Features .......................................................................... 1-3

User Interface Features ................................................................. 1-3

Testing Features............................................................................ 1-4

Safety Information............................................................................ 1-5

Care and Maintenance ...................................................................... 1-8

Service and Adjustment.................................................................... 1-8

Checking the Shipping Container ......................................................... 1-9

Technical Support................................................................................. 1-11

2 Controls and Connections ...................................................... 2-1

Introduction .......................................................................................... 2-1

The CopperPro Loop Tester: at a Glance.............................................. 2-2

Front Panel........................................................................................ 2-2

LCD .............................................................................................. 2-3

Keypad.......................................................................................... 2-3

Top Connector Panel ........................................................................ 2-6

Side Connector Panel........................................................................ 2-6

Back Panel ........................................................................................ 2-7

Connecting the CopperPro.................................................................... 2-8

Connecting to AC Power .................................................................. 2-8

Connecting to an Automobile Battery............................................... 2-8

Connecting to a Printer ..................................................................... 2-9

Connecting to a PC ........................................................................... 2-9

The Battery ........................................................................................... 2-10

Checking the Remaining Battery Capacity....................................... 2-10

Responding to Low Battery Warnings.............................................. 2-11

Charging the Battery......................................................................... 2-11

Discharging Battery .......................................................................... 2-12

3 Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro .............................. 3-1

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Introduction.......................................................................................... 3-1

Turning the CopperPro On and Off...................................................... 3-2

The Menus ........................................................................................... 3-3

Displaying the Main Menu............................................................... 3-3

Displaying the Previous Menu or Screen ......................................... 3-4

Displaying a Setup Menu ................................................................. 3-4

Auto-Test Setup Menu ................................................................. 3-5

Toolbox Test Setup Menu ............................................................ 3-5

Generic and Test-Specific Setup Parameters................................ 3-5

Editing the Setup for a Test.......................................................... 3-7

Configuring the Tester ......................................................................... 3-10

Function Keys .................................................................................. 3-10

Setting the Date and Time................................................................ 3-11

Setting a Timer to Conserve Power.................................................. 3-12

Selecting a Language and Associated Units of Measure .................. 3-13

Creating a Phone List....................................................................... 3-14

Storing the Serial Number and Property Information....................... 3-16

Configuring the Serial Port............................................................... 3-17

Creating a Custom Header for Test Result Files .............................. 3-17

Performing Basic Operations ............................................................... 3-20

Calibrating the CopperPro................................................................ 3-20

Turning the Backlight On and Off.................................................... 3-21

Adjusting the Contrast of the LCD................................................... 3-21

Adjusting the Volume of the Speaker............................................... 3-22

Displaying System Information........................................................ 3-22

Operating the Tester as a Dial Set .................................................... 3-23

Running a Self-Test.......................................................................... 3-24

Printing Displayed Results and Setup Information........................... 3-24

Transferring a Screen Image to a PC................................................ 3-25

4 POTS Testing and Fault Location ........................................... 4-1

Introduction.......................................................................................... 4-1

POTS Auto-Test................................................................................... 4-2

Setting Up a POTS Auto-Test.......................................................... 4-2

Running the POTS Auto-Test .......................................................... 4-6

POTS Auto-Test Results.................................................................. 4-6

Saving POTS Auto-Test Results ...................................................... 4-7

The POTS Toolbox .............................................................................. 4-8

Running a Test in the POTS Toolbox .............................................. 4-8

Voltage Test ..................................................................................... 4-9

Setting Up a Voltage Test ............................................................ 4-9

Voltage Test Results..................................................................... 4-10

Shorts & Grounds Test..................................................................... 4-12

Setting Up a Shorts & Grounds Test ............................................ 4-12

Shorts & Grounds Test Results .................................................... 4-12

Opens Test........................................................................................ 4-15

Setting Up an Opens Test............................................................. 4-15

Opens Test Results....................................................................... 4-16

ii

Contents

CPE Correction............................................................................. 4-17

Splits Test ......................................................................................... 4-19

Resistance Fault Location (RFL) Test .............................................. 4-22

Setting Up an RFL Test ................................................................ 4-22

Running an RFL Test.................................................................... 4-23

RFL Test “Distance to Strap” Entry.................................................. 4-29

Short or Double-Sided Fault Location (3 Wire) Test Results ....... 4-29

RFL Test: K-Test Option.................................................................. 4-33

K-Test Pair Requirements............................................................. 4-33

Running the K-Test....................................................................... 4-33

Load Coils Test................................................................................. 4-34

Setting Up a Load Coils Test........................................................ 4-34

Load Coils Test Results ................................................................ 4-34

Loop Devices Test ............................................................................ 4-36

Setting Up a Loop Devices Test.................................................... 4-36

Loop Devices Test Results............................................................ 4-37

Leakage Stress Test .......................................................................... 4-37

Setting Up a Leakage Stress Test.................................................. 4-37

Leakage Stress Test Results.......................................................... 4-38

Tracing Tone Test............................................................................. 4-39

Setting Up a Tracing Tone Test .................................................... 4-39

Running a Tracing Tone Test........................................................ 4-39

VF Noise Test................................................................................... 4-40

Setting Up a VF Noise Test .......................................................... 4-40

VF Noise Test Results .................................................................. 4-41

Power Harmonics Test.................................................................. 4-42

VF Loss Test..................................................................................... 4-43

Setting Up a VF Loss Test............................................................ 4-43

Running a VF Loss Test ............................................................... 4-44

VF Loss Test Results.................................................................... 4-45

VF Longitudinal Balance Test.......................................................... 4-46

Setting Up a VF Longitudinal Balance Test ................................. 4-46

VF Longitudinal Balance Test Results.......................................... 4-46

Send VF Tone Test ........................................................................... 4-47

Setting Up a Send VF Tone Test................................................... 4-47

Running a Send VF Tone Test...................................................... 4-48

Running a Send VF Tone Test...................................................... 4-48

Loop Current & Ground Ohms Test ................................................. 4-50

Setting Up a Loop Current & Ground Ohms Test......................... 4-50

Running a Loop Current & Ground Ohms Test............................ 4-51

Dial-Up Test Group .............................................................................. 4-51

Setting Up a Dial-Up Test................................................................. 4-52

Running a Dial-Up Test.................................................................... 4-54

Running a Milliwatt VF Loss Test................................................ 4-55

Running a Quiet Term. VF Noise Test ......................................... 4-55

Running a VF Longitudinal Balance Test..................................... 4-56

Running a Number ANI Test........................................................ 4-56

Running an On-Hook Caller ID Test ............................................ 4-57

Running a Call Waiting Caller ID Test......................................... 4-58

(continued)

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Running a Line Monitor Function................................................ 4-58

Smart-Pro Tests............................................................................ 4-59

SASS Tests................................................................................... 4-62

DATU Tests ................................................................................. 4-63

DATU EXP Auto-Test................................................................. 4-65

Setting Up the DATU EXP Auto-Test............................................. 4-66

Running the DATU EXP Auto-Test................................................. 4-66

Terminated VF Tests............................................................................ 4-67

Setting Up a Terminated VF Test..................................................... 4-68

Running a Terminated VF Test........................................................ 4-68

Saving Terminator VF Auto-Test Results........................................ 4-70

Using the CopperPro Tester as a Terminator ................................... 4-71

Manually Controlling a Far-End Terminator.................................... 4-72

5 XDSL Testing and Loop Qualification..................................... 5-1

Introduction.......................................................................................... 5-1

DSL Auto-Test..................................................................................... 5-2

Setting Up a DSL Auto-Test ............................................................ 5-3

Running a DSL Auto-Test................................................................ 5-7

DSL Auto-Test Results: ADSL Service Type.................................. 5-10

Disturber Mask Overlays.................................................................. 5-11

DSL Auto-Test Results: All Service Types...................................... 5-11

Saving DSL Auto-Test Results ........................................................ 5-13

DSL Modem Test................................................................................. 5-14

Setting Up a DSL Modem Test........................................................ 5-16

Running a DSL Modem Test............................................................ 5-18

Ping ...................................................................................................... 5-20

Setting Up and Running a Ping ........................................................ 5-20

Ping Setup Details............................................................................ 5-23

The XDSL Toolbox.............................................................................. 5-27

Starting and Stopping a Test in the XDSL Toolbox......................... 5-28

WB Noise/Level Test....................................................................... 5-29

Setting Up a WB Noise/Level Test .............................................. 5-29

WB Noise/Level Test Results for a Spare Pair............................. 5-30

WB Noise/Level Test Results for a Working ADSL Pair ............ 5-31

WB Loss Test................................................................................... 5-33

Setting Up a WB Loss Test.......................................................... 5-33

Running a WB Loss Test.............................................................. 5-34

WB Longitudinal Balance Test ........................................................ 5-35

Setting Up a WB Longitudinal Balance Test................................ 5-35

Running a WB Longitudinal Balance Test................................... 5-35

WB Longitudinal Balance Test Results........................................ 5-36

Send WB Tone Function.................................................................. 5-36

Setting Up a Send WB Tone Test................................................. 5-37

Running a Send WB Tone Test.................................................... 5-37

ADSL Verify Test................................................................................ 5-37

Setting up an ADSL Verify Test ...................................................... 5-38

Running an ADSL Verify Test......................................................... 5-38

iv

Contents

ATU-C Test .................................................................................. 5-38

ATU-C Test Results...................................................................... 5-39

ATU-R Test .................................................................................. 5-40

ATU-R Test Results...................................................................... 5-40

Terminated WB Tests ....................................................................... 5-40

Setting Up a Terminated WB Test................................................ 5-41

Running a Terminated WB Test ................................................... 5-41

Saving Terminated WB Test Results............................................ 5-42

Impulse Noise Test ........................................................................... 5-42

Setting Up an Impulse Noise Test................................................. 5-43

Running an Impulse Noise Test.................................................... 5-43

Impulse Noise Test Results........................................................... 5-44

6 TDR Testing and Fault Location ............................................. 6-1

Introduction .......................................................................................... 6-1

Comparing Parametric Tests to the TDR Test...................................... 6-2

What Happens During a TDR Test: An Overview................................ 6-3

Length Measurements and VOP ....................................................... 6-3

Reflections ........................................................................................ 6-3

TDR Auto-Test..................................................................................... 6-4

Setting Up a TDR Auto-Test ............................................................ 6-5

Starting and Stopping a TDR Auto-Test........................................... 6-6

TDR Auto-Test Results .................................................................... 6-7

Saving TDR Auto-Test Results......................................................... 6-10

The TDR Toolbox................................................................................. 6-10

Running a Test in the TDR Toolbox................................................. 6-11

Saving TDR Test Results.................................................................. 6-11

Pair 1 Test......................................................................................... 6-11

Pair 1 and 2 Compare Test................................................................ 6-12

Pair 1 - 2 Difference Test.................................................................. 6-13

Pair 1 Monitor................................................................................... 6-14

Pair 2 to 1 Crosstalk Test.................................................................. 6-15

Displaying and Deleting Saved Traces ............................................. 6-16

Compare Recall and Pair 1 Test........................................................ 6-16

TDR Test Operating Tips ..................................................................... 6-17

Determining the VOP ....................................................................... 6-17

Double-ended Testing....................................................................... 6-18

Testing for Faults Close to the CopperPro........................................ 6-19

7 Saving Test Results ................................................................. 7-1

Introduction .......................................................................................... 7-1

Saving Test Results............................................................................... 7-1

Storage Limitations of Saved Result Files........................................ 7-1

Result File Header ............................................................................ 7-2

Storing Test Results Automatically .................................................. 7-4

Saving a Displayed Waveform or Frequency Graph......................... 7-5

Viewing Stored Test Results................................................................. 7-6

Viewing Text-based Results ............................................................. 7-6

Viewing All Results...................................................................... 7-7

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Viewing Results for a Particular Wire Center .............................. 7-8

Viewing Results for a Particular Period of Time.......................... 7-8

Erasing All Results....................................................................... 7-9

Viewing TDR Waveforms................................................................ 7-9

Deleting a Saved Waveform......................................................... 7-10

Viewing Stored a Frequency Sweep Graph...................................... 7-10

Deleting a Saved Frequency Graph.............................................. 7-11

Printing Test Results ............................................................................ 7-11

Uploading Test Results to a PC............................................................ 7-12

8 Updating the CopperPro with New Software.......................... 8-1

Introduction.......................................................................................... 8-1

Before You Begin ................................................................................ 8-2

Step One: Connect the Tester to a PC .................................................. 8-2

Step Two: Put the Tester in Download Mode ...................................... 8-2

Step Three: Update the Tester’s Software............................................ 8-3

Appendices

A Features and Specifications .......................................................... A-1

B Replacement Parts and Accessories ............................................. B-1

Index

vi

List of Tables

Table Title Page

1-1. International Electrical Symbols ........................................................ 1-7

2-1. Functions of the CopperPro Keys....................................................... 2-3

3-1. Generic Setup Parameters .................................................................. 3-7

3-2. Operating the Tester in Edit Mode..................................................... 3-9

4-1. User-Selectable Tests for the POTS Auto-Test.................................. 4-4

4-2. Voltage Test Setup Parameters........................................................... 4-9

4-3. Shorts & Grounds Test Setup Parameters .......................................... 4-12

4-4. Opens Test Setup Parameters............................................................. 4-15

4-5. RFL Test Setup Parameters................................................................ 4-22

4-6. Leakage Stress Test Setup Parameter................................................. 4-37

4-7. VF Noise Test Setup Parameters........................................................ 4-40

4-8. VF Loss Setup Parameter................................................................... 4-43

4-9. VF Longitudinal Balance Setup Parameters....................................... 4-46

4-10. VF Tone Test Setup Parameter .......................................................... 4-47

4-11. Types of VF Tones............................................................................. 4-49

4-12. SASS Test Key Commands................................................................ 4-50

4-13. Dial-Up Tests and Associated Subtests.............................................. 4-52

4-14. Dial-Up Test Setup Parameters .......................................................... 4-53

4-15. Smart-Pro Tests.................................................................................. 4-59

4-16. Smart-Pro Test Key Commands......................................................... 4-60

4-17. SASS Test Key Commands................................................................ 4-62

4-18. DATU Manual Termination Codes.................................................... 4-64

4-19. SASS Test Key Commands................................................................ 4-66

4-20. Manual Terminator Commands.......................................................... 4-72

5-1. Service Types for Qualification ......................................................... 5-4

5-2. Ping Results........................................................................................ 5-22

5-3. Ping Connection Type Setups ............................................................ 5-25

5-4. WB Noise/Level Test Setup Parameters ............................................ 5-29

5-5. WB Loss Test Setup Parameters ........................................................ 5-33

5-6. Longitudinal Balance Test Setup Parameters..................................... 5-35

5-7. Send WB Tone Test Setup Parameter ................................................ 5-37

5-8. Impulse Noise Test Setup Parameters................................................ 5-43

6-1. TDR vs. Parametric Fault Location Tests .......................................... 6-2

6-2. TDR Auto-Test Setup Parameters...................................................... 6-6

7-1. Storage Limitations of Saved Result Files ......................................... 7-2

B-1. Replacement Parts for the CopperPro Loop Tester ............................ B-2

B-2. Optional Accessories for the CopperPro Loop Tester........................ B-4

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viii

List of Figures

Figure Title Page

1-1. Standard Accessories ......................................................................... 1-10

2-2. Back Panel ......................................................................................... 2-7

3-1. CopperPro Startup Screen .................................................................. 3-2

3-2. Main Menu......................................................................................... 3-3

3-3. Typical Setup Menu ........................................................................... 3-6

3-4. USER OPTIONS Menu ..................................................................... 3-10

3-5. System Setups Screen ........................................................................ 3-18

4-1. POTS Auto-Test Setup Screen........................................................... 4-2

4-2. POTS Auto-Test Summary Results.................................................... 4-6

4-3. POTS Toolbox ................................................................................... 4-8

4-4. Voltage Test Results: Idle POTS Line ............................................... 4-10

4-5. Continuous Voltage Test Result Screen ............................................. 4-11

4-6. Shorts & Grounds Test Results: Short................................................ 4-13

4-7. Opens Test Result: Good Pair ............................................................ 4-16

4-8. Adjusted Opens Test Screen............................................................... 4-18

4-9. Opens Test Result Screen: Possible Split or Water ............................ 4-19

4-10. Splits Test: Connection Diagram ....................................................... 4-20

4-11. Splits Test Result Screen.................................................................... 4-21

4-12. RFL Test Results: Fault Value and Position ...................................... 4-23

4-13. RFL Test Results: Double-sided Fault or Short ................................. 4-24

4-14. Two-Wire RFL Test Results: Tip Ground.......................................... 4-25

4-15. Two-Wire RFL Test Results: Distance to Fault ................................. 4-26

4-16. RFL Multiple Wire Gauge Entry Screen............................................ 4-27

4-17. Three-Wire RFL Test Results: Good Wire Strap ............................... 4-30

4-18. Three-Wire RFL Test Results: Distances........................................... 4-31

4-19. Three-Wire RFL Test: Good Pair Strap ............................................. 4-31

4-20. Three-Wire RFL Test Results: Distances........................................... 4-32

4-21. Load Coils Test Results...................................................................... 4-35

4-22. Load Coil Graph: 6 Loads.................................................................. 4-35

4-23. Leakage Stress Test Results: Faulty Pair............................................ 4-38

4-24. VF Noise Test Results........................................................................ 4-41

4-25. Power Harmonics Test Results........................................................... 4-42

4-26. Connection Diagram for the VF Loss Test......................................... 4-44

4-27. VF Loss Test Results ......................................................................... 4-45

4-28. Longitudinal Balance Test Results: Good Pair................................... 4-47

4-29. Send VF Tone Screen......................................................................... 4-48

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4-30. Dial-Up Test Toolbox........................................................................ 4-54

4-31. Smart-Pro N-Tone Slope Test Results............................................... 4-61

4-32. DATU EXP Loop Test Results.......................................................... 4-67

4-33. Terminator VF Auto-Test Selection Screen....................................... 4-69

4-34. Terminator VF Auto-Test Summary Results..................................... 4-69

4-35. Terminator VF Auto-Test Results: Smart Tone Loss ........................ 4-70

5-1. DSL Auto-Test Selection Screen....................................................... 5-3

5-2. DSL Auto-Test Setups Screen ........................................................... 5-4

5-3. DSL Auto-Test Summary Results: HDSL2....................................... 5-8

5-4. DSL Auto-Test Loss Results: HDSL2 Loop Attenuation.................. 5-8

5-5. DSL Auto-Test Loss Results: ADSL SNR Graph ............................. 5-10

5-6. DSL Auto-Test Loss Results: ADSL Bits/Tone Graph...................... 5-11

5-7. DSL Auto-Test Loss Results: All Service Types............................... 5-12

5-8. DSL Auto-Test Loss Results: Qualified Service List ........................ 5-13

5-9. DSL Modem Test Primary Results Screen: ADSL2+ Line................ 5-19

5-10. DSL Modem Test Secondary Results Screen: VDSL1.5 Line........... 5-19

5-11. DSL Modem Test Bits/Bin Graph: ADSL2+ Line............................. 5-20

5-12. DSL Modem Test Ping Results: ADSL2+ Line................................. 5-21

5-13. Primary Ping Setups Screen............................................................... 5-23

5-14. XDSL Toolbox .................................................................................. 5-28

5-15. WB Noise/Level Test Results: ISDN Crosstalk................................. 5-30

5-16. WB Noise/Level Test Results: Working ADSL Line ........................ 5-32

5-17. WB Noise/Level Test Results: VDSL Crosstalk................................ 5-32

5-18. WB Loss Test Results Screen............................................................ 5-34

5-19. WB Longitudinal Balance Test Results............................................. 5-36

5-20. WB Impulse Noise Test Results ........................................................ 5-44

6-1. TDR Auto-Test Results: Open........................................................... 6-7

6-2. TDR Toolbox..................................................................................... 6-10

6-3. Pair 1 and 2 Compare Test Result Screen.......................................... 6-13

6-4. Pair 1 Monitor Test Result: Intermittent Splice ................................. 6-14

7-1. Saved Results Selection Screen ......................................................... 7-4

7-2. Saved Results Screen: Viewing Text Results .................................... 7-6

7-3. Saved Results: All Text Results......................................................... 7-7

7-4. Saved Results: List of TDR Waveforms............................................ 7-9

7-5. Saved Results: List of Frequency Sweep Graphs............................... 7-10

8-1. Download Screen: Waiting for File ................................................... 8-3

8-2. Final Download Screen...................................................................... 8-4

B-2. Optional Accessories ......................................................................... B-6

x

Chapter 1

Introduction

Using This Guide

This 990DSL CopperPro Series II Broadband Loop Tester Users Guide shows
you how to operate the 990DSL CopperPro Series II Broadband Loop Tester
(hereafter referred to as the “CopperPro”, “990”, or “tester”). It provides
instructions for configuring the CopperPro and using it to precisely locate
common faults on a loop and to verify the ability of a copper loop to transport
various classes of high-speed data services.

This guide is intended for users who want to start using the CopperPro
immediately with minimal instruction. It describes the main features of the
tester and explains how to set up, operate, and care for it. For your protection,
it is important that you observe all warnings and important safety information
in this guide and on the tester itself.

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Introduction

The 990DSL CopperPro Series II Broadband Loop Tester is a portable,
battery-operated handheld tester that is used for cable installation testing, fault
location, and digital service qualification of outside plant (OSP) paired copper
cables.

As a cable installation test tool, you can use the CopperPro with an external
multiple-pair access module in a PC-controlled mode to perform automated,
single-ended conformance testing of a newly installed cable according to
operating company guidelines. If more rigorous conformance testing is
required, you can use a second CopperPro with a multiple-pair access module
at the far end of the cable to perform precision-terminated transmission testing.

As a fault location test tool, you can use the CopperPro to precisely locate
common physical cable faults, including shorts, grounds, crosses, opens, splits,
and pair imbalances that are caused by poor splice joints. The tester can also be
used to expose corroded metallic faults on unused pairs. This type of problem,
which is virtually undetectable by conventional meters, can eventually cause a
pair to be noisy after it is cut into service.

The CopperPro is also a useful tool for helping you find the root cause of
transmission problems, such as excessive loss and noise. Additionally, it can
detect and identify loop treatment and fault-sectionalizing devices that are
commonly installed on lines, such as range extenders (REGs), Network
Interface Devices (NIDs), and Maintenance Termination Units (MTUs).

As a digital service qualification test tool, you can use the CopperPro to verify
that a cable pair is suitable for voice frequency POTS services (such as Caller
ID and analog modem data) and for special services, such as DDS, ISDN, T1,
HDSL, HDSL2, HDSL4, ADSL, ADSL2, ADSL2+ and VDSL. The
CopperPro uses voiceband, wideband, and broadband loss, Gaussian noise,
impulse noise, and crosstalk measurements, as well as load coil detection and
location capability to qualify copper pairs for these high-speed services.

1-2

Introduction
Introduction

1

Design Highlights and Features of the CopperPro

The CopperPro’s design and performance features are highlighted below.

Physical Features

• Rugged, wide-temperature design that is specifically made for the harsh

OSP environment

• Lightweight and compact in size (4 lbs.)

• Replaceable internal option board for functional scalability

• High contrast, sunlight-readable graphics display with a backlight

• Large, tactile keys that provide an audible response when pressed

• High capacity, rechargeable battery pack that provides a full eight hours of

operation

• Modular field-replaceable test leads (one shielded pair for Broadband

tests, one unshielded pair for Voiceband and Wideband tests, and Ground)

• Highly functional softcase, with integral test lead compartment and front

pouch for housing test module appliqués.

User Interface Features

• One-button “test suite” menu for automated high-level testing

• Comprehensive “toolbox” menu for individual, in-depth testing

• Context-sensitive softkeys that provide easy navigation

• Graphic pictorial test setup and results display for easy interpretation

• Graphical loss, noise, and SNR displays with a scrolling cursor

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Users Guide

• Continuous test result mode with large numerals and a relative-change

scale for marking and recording peak signal excursions

• Remote control operation and program download capability through a

serial port

• Test result storage and printout

• User-settable fault limits with industry-standard defaults.

• Test result upload in either column or tab-delimited format (for direct

import to spreadsheet program)

Testing Features

• Integrated far-end-device control for automated, terminated testing

• Double-ended “same-pair testing” capability (requires no control pair)

• AC/DC Voltage, Shorts & Grounds, Opens, Leakage, and Resistance

Fault Location (RFL) physical tests

• Load Coil, Noise, Loss, SNR, and Longitudinal Balance transmission tests

• Impulse Noise test with E, F, and G filters

• Voiceband (0 – 20 kHz), Wideband (10 kHz – 1.2 MHz), and Broadband

(1.2MHz – 20 MHz) transmission tests

• PSD mask overlays that depict crosstalk patterns for common types of

interference

• Quick, Single-ended ADSL DSLAM / modem verification, with data rate

prediction

• Single-ended ADSL/2/2+ DSLAM Line test (requires 990-GM/2 ADSL2+

Golden Modem appliqué).

• Single-ended VDSL DSLAM Line test (requires 990-GM/V VDSL

Golden Modem appliqué)

1-4

Introduction
Introduction

Automated dial-up testing that is compatible with a variety of central office
(C.O.) tone-sending equipment

• Full TDR capability with Auto-Test waveform interpretation software

• Tracing Tone, Monitor, and a fully integrated Dial Set operation

• Caller ID and automatic number ID (ANI) tests

• Non-intrusive “footprint analysis” of service types on working pairs

1

Safety Information

The CopperPro is intended for use by qualified personnel only. The tester is
designed for use with circuits that have a maximum of 350 VDC or peak AC,
line-to-line or line-to-ground. Do not move the CopperPro from pair to pair
while in a continuous testing mode, to prevent damage to the unit.

The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of
operation, service, or repair of the CopperPro. Failure to comply with these
precautions or with specific warnings in this guide violates the safety standards
of design, manufacture, and intended use of the tester. Fluke Networks
assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these
requirements.

WWarnings

• If this product is used in a manner not specified by the

manufacturer, the protections provided by the product
may be impaired.

• Never connect the CopperPro to a circuit when lightning

storms are nearby.

• Do not open the case. There are no user-serviceable parts

inside.

1-5

990DSL

Users Guide

WWarnings

• Should the LCD become damaged, the liquid crystal

material can leak. Avoid all contact with this material,
especially swallowing. Use soap and water to thoroughly
wash all skin and clothing contaminated with the liquid
crystal material.

• When using an AC power source, use only the supplied

AC Adapter/Charger to power or charge the CopperPro.

• Do not use the CopperPro if it operates abnormally.

Protection may be impaired.

• Inspect the CopperPro before using. Do not use it if it is

damaged.

• When servicing the CopperPro, use specified replacement

parts only.

• This product is not intended to be used to measure mains

voltages (CAT I, II, III or IV) and should only be connected
to powered circuits where over-voltage protections have
been incorporated.

• When making measurements that require connection of

the green Ground test lead, always connect this test lead
to a good Earth ground, C.O. frame ground, or cable
sheath ground connection point.

1-6

Introduction
Introduction

Table 1-1 describes the international electrical symbols that are found on the
CopperPro and used in this guide.

Table 1-1. International Electrical Symbols

Symbol Meaning

1

X

W

T

v

=

P

)

Warning: Risk of electric shock.

Important Information. See specific explanations where this
symbol is displayed in this guide.

Equipment is protected by double insulation or reinforced
insulation to protect the user against electric shock.

Battery should be recycled.

Do not mix with solid waste stream. Dispose using a qualified
recycler or hazardous material handler.

Conforms to the requirements of the European Union and
European Free Trade Association (EFTA).

Canadian Standards Association. Conforms to relevant safety
standards in Canada and the United States.

This instrument contains a Nickel Metal Hydride battery pack.
Fluke Networks subscribes to the U. S. Rechargeable Battery
Recycle Corporation (RCRB) program. Contact your authorized
Fluke Networks Service Center for recycling information.

1-7

990DSL

Users Guide

Care and Maintenance

The CopperPro is designed to be maintenance free. Treat it with care to ensure
the best performance. The suggestions below will help you to fulfill the
obligations of the warranty and enjoy the tester for many years.

• Avoid rough handling

Although the CopperPro is designed for use in the rugged OSP
environment and can absorb a generous amount of shock and vibration,
avoid dropping the tester. If you must ship the tester, use the original
packaging.

• Clean carefully

The plastic casing for your CopperPro has a finish that should retain its
durability for many years. To clean the tester, use a soft, slightly damp
cloth. To remove any stains, use a mild soap. Never use detergents,
solvents, or abrasive cleaners on the tester.

Service and Adjustment

Service and adjustment of the CopperPro should be performed by trained
Fluke Networks service personnel only.

If you experience a problem with the CopperPro, visit the Fluke Networks
Web site at www.flukenetworks.com

Solutions

call one of the following numbers to report a problem:

• USA: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853)

• Canada: 1-800-363-5853

• Europe: 00800 632 00 or [phone]

• Beijing: 86 (10) 6512-3435

• Japan: [phone]

• Singapore: [phone]

• Anywhere in the world: [phone]

Visit our website for the latest list of phone numbers.

1-8

page. You can also send email to [e-mail] or

. Click Support to display the Support

Introduction
Checking the Shipping Container

If the CopperPro requires repair, service center personnel will provide you
with shipping information and repair prices. If the CopperPro is covered under
warranty, it will be promptly repaired or replaced (at Fluke Network’s option)
and returned to you, postage paid, at no charge. See the registration card for
warranty terms. If the warranty has lapsed, Fluke Networks will repair the
CopperPro for a fixed fee and return it, postage paid, to you.

1

Checking the Shipping Container

Remove the items from the shipping container and check that the package
contains all of the standard accessories in the following list. Match each item
with those shown in Figure 1-1. If any item is missing or damaged, contact
your place of purchase.

• 990DSL CopperPro Series II Broadband Loop Tester

• NiMH Rechargeable Battery Pack (installed; PN 665083)

• Softcase

• Power Supply INTL

• Shoulder Strap

• RS-232 Cable

• 12V Vehicle Battery Charger/Adapter

• Line Cord (as appropriate for the country of usage)

• Shielded Pair 1 Test Lead Set

• RFL Strapping Cord

• Wire Gauge (not shown)

• This User’s Guide (not shown)

• Warranty Registration Card (not shown)

For a list of replacement parts and optional accessories that you can order for
your CopperPro, see Appendix B.

1-9

990DSL

Users Guide

990DSL
Copper Pro
Loop Tester
and Holster

990D

SL

C

O
PP

E
L
O

R

P

O

R

P

O

T

E

ST

E
R

1

2

TE

ST

3

S
T

A
R

T

S

T
O
P

1

G

H
I

4

J

5

P

Q

R
S

7

T
U

V

8

.

SPA

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0

#

4

HO

ME

BA

C
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P
RINT

SCREE

N

SAVE

ENTER

RE

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SER

OPTIO

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A
B

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2

D
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3

K
L

DIA

M

L

N

O

6

W

X
Y

Z

9

12V Vehicle
battery/charger
adapter

Softcase

Power supply INTL

NiMH rechargeable
battery pack
(installed)

Line cord

RFL Strapping
Cord

Carrying Strap

RS-232 cable

Shielded Pair 1

Test Lead Set

Figure 1-1. Standard Accessories

elf75f.eps

1-10

Introduction
Technical Support

1

Technical Support

Fluke Networks offers a variety of support options to help you get the most
from your CopperPro. If you require technical support, please have the
following information available:

• Your name and company

• Model number and serial number of the CopperPro

• A description of the problem and any error messages that appear on the

LCD.

For application or operation assistance or information about the tester, you can
send email to [e-mail]

For operating assistance in the USA, call 1-800-28-FLUKE (1-800-283-

5853). This number is for Technical Support in theUS only.

To order accessories or to find out the location of the nearest Fluke Networks
distributor or service center, call:

• USA: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853)

• Canada: 1-800-363-5853

or call one of these numbers:

• Europe: 00800 632 00 or [phone]

• Beijing: 86 (10) 6512-3435

• Japan: [phone]

• Singapore: [phone]

• Anywhere in the world: [phone]

Visit our website for the latest list of phone numbers.

You can also visit the Fluke Networks Web site at www.flukenetworks.com
Click

Support to display the Support Solutions page.

1-11

.

990DSL

Users Guide

1-12 2-1

Chapter 2

Controls and Connections

Introduction

This chapter describes the physical layout of the CopperPro. The chapter
begins with an overview of the tester’s front, side, and back panels so that you
know where the various controls and connectors are located and so that you
can familiarize yourself with the functions of the keys and indicators. You will
then learn how to connect the CopperPro to an external power supply and a
printer and how to charge the tester’s internal battery pack.

990DSL

Users Guide

The CopperPro Loop Tester: at a Glance

This section acquaints you with the physical layout of the CopperPro.

Front Panel

Figure 2-1 identifies the elements on the tester’s front, top, and side panels.
Following the figure are descriptions of the numbered items in the illustration.

Top connector panel

(test lead jacks)

LCD

Keypad

C

OPPERPRO SERIES

BROADBAND LOOP TESTER

3 4

PRINT SCREEN

SAVED

RESULTS

USER OPTIONS

3

MNO

WXYZ

9

#

4

HOME

BACK

DIAL

II990DSL

1

Side
connector

2

panel

3

1

1

2 3

•

es T to St r

or Select T olbox / Setups

2

2

1

TEST

START
STOP

ENTER

ABC DEF

1

2

GHI JKL

4

56

PQRS

TUV

78

.

SPACE

0

*

2-2

elf02f.eps

Figure 2-1. Top, Front, and Side Panels

Controls and Connections
The CopperPro Loop Tester: at a Glance

LCD

The LCD is a shock-mounted, sunlight-readable, ¼-VGA (320 x 240 pixel)
graphic Liquid Crystal Display. A low-power Electro-luminescent (EL)
module provides backlighting to the LCD.

The LCD has two areas:

• Display area (item A)

This area displays the prompts, test and setup menus, test results, and
messages.

• Four softkey labels (item B)

These labels identify the screen-dependent function keys. To activate a
function, press its softkey (1, 2, 3, or 4), which is located on the tester’s
keypad directly below the label.

Keypad

The keypad is a sealed, waterproof membrane that has 29 keys. Table 2-1
describes the function of each key.

2

Table 2-1. Functions of the CopperPro Keys

Key Function

AB
CD

K

2-3

Four rectangular numbered keys that are located directly
under the LCD.

These are software-defined keys (called “softkeys”) that
carry out commands related to the currently displayed
screen. To locate the function of a key, look on the LCD
directly above the key.

Starts the selected test and stops the currently running test.

990DSL

Users Guide

Table 2.1. Functions of the CopperPro Keys (continued)

Key Function

<
=
>

?

USER OPTIONS

O

PRINT SCREEN

N

Turns the LCD’s backlight on or off.

Turns the CopperPro on or off.

Shift key (yellow).

Some keys have two functions (for example, the BACK
key). When you press and release the Yellow Shift key,
then press a key that has two functions, the alternate
function of the key is activated. The alternate function is
printed in yellow letters above the key.

Causes the CopperPro to go “off-hook” on the T & R test
leads and function as a telephone dial set. Hangs up when
this key is pressed again.

> then O to display the USER OPTIONS menu.

Press

Has two functions:

• Press N to access stored results files.

• Press > then N to print the contents of the

currently displayed screen.

2-4

Controls and Connections
The CopperPro Loop Tester: at a Glance

Table 2-1. Functions of the CopperPro Keys (continued)

Key Function

HOME

M

Has two functions:

• Press M to return to the previously displayed

screen.

2

L

Alphanumeric
Keys

• Press

Four directional arrow keys have the following functions:

• To select a test or edit a parameter, press an arrow

key to move the cursor in the direction in which the
arrow points (up, down, left, or right).

• Press >. Then press I to decrease or G to

increase the contrast of the LCD.

• Press >. Then press F to increase or H decrease

the volume of the speaker.

Does the following:

• Selects test options.

• Exits Edit mode

Provide a 12-key telephone pad so that you can enter
numbers, the asterisk (*), and pound sign (#).

Press
select an alphabetic character, the decimal, space, or
dash. Press
return to number entry mode.

> then M to display the Main menu (see

Figure 3-2).

>, then press the associated number key to

> again to exit alphabetic entry mode and

Note

To display an alphabetic character, press >,
then continue to press the associated number
key until the desired alphabetic character
appears.

2-5

990DSL

Users Guide

Top Connector Panel

The top connector panel has one shielded dual test lead connector and three 2
mm single test lead connectors. These connectors are color-coded for easy
identification. The test lead connectors are identified in Figure 2-1 as follows:

A Tip/Ring shielded test cable (black/red)
B Ground test lead (green)
C Tip 1 test lead (yellow)
D Ring 1 test lead (blue)

Side Connector Panel

The side connector panel is protected from rain by a tethered plug that is
attached to the holster. This panel has the following components, which are
identified in Figure 2-1:

• RS-232 port (item A)

A nine-pin male D-Sub connector with locking nuts. The RS-232 port and
the supplied RS-232 cable are needed when you download programs from
a PC to the tester and when you control the tester remotely from a PC.
With a printer cable connected, the RS-232 port enables you to print serial
data. This port also controls the optional 990-GM/2 and 990-GM/V
Golden Modem appliqués.

• DC power jack (item B)

A barrel jack that is used to power the tester externally and charge the
battery. This jack accepts a 12-15 VDC center-positive voltage that is
provided either by the supplied AC power supply or by the optional
Vehicle Power Cord.

• Charging status LED (C)

A bicolor (red and green) LED that indicates the charging status of the
internal battery pack (see “Charging the Battery” for details).

2-6

Controls and Connections
The CopperPro Loop Tester: at a Glance

2

Back Panel

The tester’s back panel is shown in Figure 2-2. This panel contains a speaker
(item A) and a microphone (item B). The speaker and microphone enable you
to use the CopperPro as a dial set (see “Operating the Tester as a Dial Set” in
Chapter 3 for instructions).

1

2

Figure 2-2. Back Panel

2-7

acy04f.eps

990DSL

Users Guide

Connecting the CopperPro

This section shows you how to connect the CopperPro to AC power, an
automobile battery, a printer, and a PC.

Connecting to AC Power

When the tester is connected to AC power, you can use the power supply as a
continuous power source. In this way, you can test for long periods of time
without depleting the tester’s batteries.

To connect the CopperPro to AC power, follow these steps:

1. Plug the AC power cord into an AC outlet.

2. Connect the power cord DC Barrel plug into the DC connector. This

connector is located on the tester’s side panel (see Figure 2-1).

3. Do one of the following:

• Turn off the tester to begin charging (see “Charging the Battery” for

details).

• Turn on the tester and begin using.

Connecting to an Automobile Battery

To connect the CopperPro to a 12 VDC automobile battery, follow these steps:

1. Plug the male cigarette lighter plug on the Vehicle Power Cord into the

vehicle lighter socket.

2. Connect the DC barrel plug on the Vehicle Power Cord into the DC

connector. This connector is located on the tester’s side panel (see Figure
2-1).

3. Do one of the following:

• Turn off the tester to begin charging.

• Turn on the tester to begin using.

2-8

Controls and Connections
Connecting the CopperPro

2

Connecting to a Printer

To connect the CopperPro to a serial graphics printer, do the following:

1. Attach the nine-pin female connector on the optional printer cable to the

CopperPro D-Sub connector.

2. Attach the nine-pin male cable connector to the printer.

Connecting to a PC

If the CopperPro is connected to a PC, you can download and upload files and
control the tester remotely from the PC. To connect the CopperPro to a PC, do
the following:

1. Attach one end of the supplied RS-232 cable to the RS-232 port, which is

located on the tester’s side panel (Figure 2-1).

2. Attach the other end of the supplied RS-232 cable to an available port on

the PC.

2-9

990DSL

Users Guide

The Battery

The CopperPro operates on a replaceable NiMH battery pack. The battery
typically provides between 16 to 24 hours of operating time. This section
shows you how to check and recharge the battery.

Checking the Remaining Battery Capacity

To find out what the remaining capacity of the internal battery pack is, do the
following:

1. Press > then

2. Select

The

Battery Status screen is displayed. This screen gives you the

following information about the internal battery pack:

• Battery voltage (VDC)

• Battery capacity (%)

• Estimated remaining run-time (in hours, based on normal usage)

• Battery temperature (°C)

After you turn on the tester, the startup screen displays this same
status information about the battery.

In the upper right corner of the screen, the tester displays two icons, which
indicate the following:

• External power source in use (either AC power or not AC power)

• Battery capacity.

O to display the USER OPTIONS menu.

Battery Status, then press L.

Note

2-10

Controls and Connections
The Battery

2

Responding to Low Battery Warnings

When the NiMH battery pack has about 30 minutes of operating time
remaining, the tester issues a tone and displays a low-battery warning on the
LCD. This warning overlays the currently displayed screen.

Note

To remove the warning, press L.

If the low battery warning appears while you are operating the tester, it is
advisable to connect the CopperPro to an external power source within the
next several minutes to guarantee that the currently displayed test data is not
lost due to a power failure. If you continue to operate the CopperPro without
an external power source, the tester issues a final distinctive audible tone and
then powers itself off.

Charging the Battery

To charge the battery, either connect the CopperPro to AC power (see
“Connecting to AC Power”) or connect it to an automobile battery (see
“Connecting to an Automobile Battery”).

During operation from either external power source, the battery receives a
“trickle” charge that allows you to operate the tester for extended periods of
time without discharging the internal battery pack. When the CopperPro is
connected to an external power source but turned off, the battery automatically
undergoes a fast-charging cycle.

A full charging cycle can take between two to three hours to complete. The
charging status LED on the side connector panel indicates the state of the
battery charge as one of the following:

• Flashing red: indicates that the battery is being prepared for fast charging,

and is in the “pre-charge” mode. This state lasts for several minutes before
the battery enters fast charging mode. This state will be extended for
extremely low voltage, low temperature, or high temperature battery
conditions, with the fast charge mode beginning when the battery has
reached the proper voltage and temperature range.

2-11

990DSL

Users Guide

• Steady red: indicates that the battery is in fast-charging mode. In this

mode, it can take up to three hours for a completely discharged battery
pack to charge.

• Steady green: indicates that the battery is in the final stages of charging.

The first stage, which typically lasts for about 30 minutes, occurs after the
fast-charging mode is the “top off” state. The final stage is the “trickle
charge” state. In this state, the battery is fully charged. The CopperPro can
be left in the trickle charge state for an indefinite period of time, without
harm.

Note

Do not attempt to charge the battery at extremely low temperatures
(see Appendix A).

Discharging Battery

To properly discharge the battery, you can leave the tester on until the battery
drains or you can use the “Deep Discharge” facility. To use the discharge
facility, complete the following:

1. Press > then O to display the

2. Select

Battery Status, then press L.

USER OPTIONS menu.

3. Press K.

4. Follow the on-screen instructions to disconnect the tester from the external

power source. Then, press A(

Okay).

5. Press K.

The tester begins to discharge the battery.

2-12

Chapter 3

Setting Up and Operating the

CopperPro

Introduction

This chapter shows you how to set up the CopperPro so that it suits your
particular testing needs and operating preferences. The chapter begins with an
introduction to the menu system and shows you how to locate desired tests,
operational functions, and setup parameters. The chapter concludes by
showing you how to perform basic tasks, such as adjusting the speaker
volume, changing the contrast and brightness of the LCD, and using the
CopperPro to dial a telephone number.

3-1

990DSL

Users Guide

Turning the CopperPro On and Off

To turn on the CopperPro, make sure that the test leads are disconnected.
Then, do the following:

1. Press =. This is the green On/Off key, which is located in the bottom left

corner of the keypad (see Figure 2-1).

The CopperPro startup screen (Figure 3-1) is displayed:

FLUKE

networks

Software Version : 1.00
Hardware Revision : 1.00
Installed Options : TDR, Wideband

Battery Charge Status : 25 %
Estimated Run-time : 4 Hours

Self-Test in Progress …

Figure 3-1. CopperPro Startup Screen

CopperPro

The startup screen displays general information about the tester: the
software version and hardware revision, installed options (if any), and
battery status and estimated remaining run-time.

2. To turn the tester off, press = again.

Note

Should the tester fail to respond to the “OFF” key function for any
reason, force the unit to power down by holding the key down for 5 to
6 seconds.

acy03s.eps

3-2

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
The Menus

3

The Menus

The CopperPro’s test selections, setup configurations, and results are accessed
through a menu system. This section shows you how to display the
menu. You will then learn how to display the test and setup menus.

Displaying the Main Menu

The

Main menu is the top-level menu. From this menu, you can access all of

the CopperPro’s setup and testing functions.

After you turn on the CopperPro, it conducts a series of self-tests, then displays
the

Main menu (Figure 3-2). If the CopperPro is already turned on, you can

return to the
then pressing M.

Main menu from anywhere in the menu hierarchy by pressing >,

Main

Figure 3-2. Main Menu

3-3

elf05s.bmp

990DSL

Users Guide

From the

Main menu, you can access the following:

• Auto-Tests

The menu lists the three automatic tests or Auto-Tests: POTS, DSL, and
TDR, plus the DSL Modem Test. Each Auto-Test is comprised of a series
of individual diagnostic tests that run automatically and in sequence with
the press of a single key. The POTS, DSL, and TDR Auto-Tests are
described in detail in Chapters 4, 5, and 6, respectively. The DSL Modem
Test is described in Chapter 5.

• “Toolbox” tests

Each “toolbox” contains a group of functionally related individual tests.
The

POTS, XDSL, and TDR softkeys, which are located at the bottom of

the

Main menu, each let you access a group of tests. For descriptions of

the tests in the POTS, XDSL, or TDR toolbox, see Chapter 4, 5, or 6,
respectively.

Note

When running a Continuous test, make sure that you connect the
green Ground test lead to a good Earth ground, C.O. Frame ground,
or cable sheath ground connection point. If you move the Tip & Ring
test leads to different terminals during a Continuous test, always
leave the Ground test lead connected to the ground point.

• Test setup menus

The

Setups softkey provides direct access to the setup menu for a selected

(highlighted) test. For information on setting up a test, see the setup
section for that test in Chapter 4, 5, or 6.

Displaying the Previous Menu or Screen

To display the previously displayed menu or screen, press M.

Displaying a Setup Menu

This section shows you how to display the setup menus for an Auto-Test and a
test in a toolbox. For descriptions of the setup parameters found on these
menus, see “Generic and Test-Specific Setup Parameters”.

3-4

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
The Menus

3

Auto-Test Setup Menu

To display the setup menu for an Auto-Test, do the following:

1. From the

Test.

2. Press D (

The

Main menu (Figure 3-1), press H to select the desired Auto-

Setups).

Setups menu for the Auto-Test you selected is displayed.

Toolbox Test Setup Menu

To display the setup menu for a test in a toolbox, do the following:

1. From the

A menu of tests in the selected toolbox is displayed.

2. Select the test that you want to set up. Then, press D(

The

Main menu, press A(POTS), B(XDSL), or C(TDR).

Setups).

Setups menu for the test is displayed.

Generic and Test-Specific Setup Parameters

Figure 3-3 shows a typical setup menu for a toolbox test (VF Noise). Every
setup menu has two groups of parameters. At the top of the screen is the first
group, which consists of three generic parameters (described in Table 3-1).
The parameters are considered “generic” because they apply to all of the
CopperPro’s tests.

You can change the value of a generic parameter from any setup screen (see
“Editing the Setup for a Test”). Just be aware that when you save the change, it
is stored in the tester’s memory and applies to every CopperPro test.

3-5

990DSL

Users Guide

Setups - VF Noise

Facility Cable No. - NPG5804
Pair / Terminal No. - 1001
CopperPro Pair No. - 1

Term. Impedance - 600 Ohms
Measurement Filter - C-Message
Nm Pass Thresh. - ≤ 20 dBrn
PI Pass Thresh. - ≤ 80 dBrn

Edit

Restore
Defaults

acy07s.eps

Figure 3-3. Typical Setup Menu

Beneath the generic setup parameters is a second group of setup parameters.
The parameters in this group are specific to the selected test. Look at the

Setup-VF Noise screen, which is shown in Figure 3-3. The four parameters on

the bottom of the screen apply to the VF Noise test only. For descriptions of
the setup parameters for a particular test, refer to the table in the setup section
for that test.

3-6

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
The Menus

Table 3-1. Generic Setup Parameters

Parameter Description

Facility Cable No. This number identifies the cable name of the pair on

which the test is being conducted.

In the highlighted field, supply the alphanumeric
cable name (up to 24 characters maximum).

Pair/Terminal No. This number identifies the specific single cable pair,

the cross-box binding post, or the inside terminal
number on which the test is being conducted.

In the highlighted field, supply the number (five digits
maximum).

CopperPro Pair No. This number identifies the CopperPro test lead pair.

In the highlighted field, type a 1 (for T & R) or a 2 (for
T1 & R1, if no external multiple-pair access modules
are attached).

3

Editing the Setup for a Test

To edit the setup for a test, complete the following:

1. To change the value of a generic parameter, refer to the information in

Table 3-1 and complete the following for each parameter you want to
change:

a) Press F or H to select the parameter. Then, press A(

The tester is now in Edit mode.

b) In the highlighted field, use the keypad to type the desired value.

When you finish, press L.

The values are saved in the tester’s memory and apply to all
CopperPro tests until you change them.

3-7

Edit).

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Users Guide

2. To change the value of a test-specific parameter, complete the following:

a) Press F or H to select the value you want to change. Press A(

The tester is now in Edit mode.

Note

Consult Table 3-2, which provides some helpful tips for
operating the tester in Edit mode.

b) Do the following:

• If the parameter you want to change has a fixed group of choices,

press F or H until the desired choice appears in the field. Then,
press L to save the selection.

OR

• If the parameter has an alphanumeric field, a blinking cursor

appears on the first (left-most) character in the field. To change
the parameter’s value, use the keypad to type the new value. As
you type each character, it appears in the field and the cursor
advances to the next position, allowing you type the next
character. When you finish, press L to save the change.

Edit).

3-8

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
The Menus

Table 3-2. Operating the Tester in Edit Mode

If you want to Do this

Put the tester in Edit mode Press A(Edit).

3

Enter numbers, an asterisk
(*), or a pound sign (#)

Enter alphabetic characters Press > to put the tester in alphabetic text

Exit alphabetic text entry
mode and return to numeric
entry mode

Move the cursor forward one
position without changing the
displayed character

Move the cursor backward
one position without changing
the displayed character

Move the cursor back one
position and overwrite the
previous character

Exit Edit mode and save the
changes

Type the values directly from the keypad by
pressing the number keys, asterisk (*), or
pound sign (#).

entry mode. Then, press the key with the
desired alphabetic character. Keep pressing
the key until the desired alphabetic character
is displayed.

Press >.

Press G.

Press I.

Press M.

Press L.

Exit Edit mode, without
saving the changes

Restore factory default setup
values

Press A(Edit).

Press D(Restore Defaults).

3-9

990DSL

y

y

Users Guide

Configuring the Tester

This section shows you how to configure the CopperPro so that it functions
appropriately for your particular work environment and testing situations. The

USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4) lists the options available for configuring

the tester and customizing it to your needs.

Zero Leads

Batter
Status

System
Version

Phone
Numbers
Program
Download

Compan
Info.

Power-Save
Timers

RS232 Port
Setup

Saved

Results

Language
& Units

Date / Time

Self-Test

(Test Lead calibration)

Select function, then press Enter;
or press System Setups.

Initialize

Bluetooth

Upload

Setups

Restore All

Defaults

Figure 3-4. USER OPTIONS Menu

System
Setups

acy08s.eps

Function Keys

• Initialize Bluetooth initializes the optional Bluetooth Communications

modules connected to the tester and a PC, for wireless remote control or
upload operation.

• Upload Setups uploads stored setups to a PC via the serial port.

• Restore All Defaults resets all setup options to factory defaults.

• System Setups allows entry of operator name, wire center, location,

and job number (refer to “Creating a Custom Header for Test Result Files”
later in this chapter).

3-10

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
Configuring the Tester

3

Setting the Date and Time

To set the date and time, follow these steps:

1. Press >, then O to display the

2. Select

3. Press H to move the cursor down to the

4. Press H to move the cursor down to the

5. Press F to move the cursor up to the

Date/Time. Press L.

The

Date/Time menu is displayed.

A(

Edit). Then, press G to select one of the following formats for

displaying the time:

• 12-hour (default)

• 24-hour

Press L to save your selection.

A(

Edit). Then, press G to select one of the following formats for the date:

• MM/DD/YYYY

• DD.MM.YYYY

Press L to save your selection.

To do this, complete the following:

a) Press A(

save the value.

Edit). In the Hour field, type the hour. Then press L to

USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4).

Current Time field and set the time.

Time Display Mode field. Press

Date Display Mode field. Press

b) Press G to move the cursor to the Minutes field. Press A(

the minutes, then press L to save the value.

c) If you selected

cursor to the Time of Day field. Press A(
or

PM, then press L to save the selection.

3-11

12-hour as the time format, press G to move the

Edit). Press H to select AM

Edit). Type

990DSL

Users Guide

6. Press H to move the cursor to the

do this, complete the following:

d) Press A(

month (or day, if you selected DD.MM.YYYY as the display mode).
Press L to save.

e) Press G to move the cursor to the next field. Press A(

number for the current day (or month), then press L to save.

f) Press G to move the cursor to the Year field. Press A(

year, then press L to save.

Your tester is now programmed with the current time and date.

Edit). In the first field, type the number for the current

Current Date field and set the date. To

Edit). Type the

Edit). Type the

Setting a Timer to Conserve Power

To conserve battery power, you can program a timer that automatically
switches the tester into low-power mode or power-down mode after a specified
period of inactivity.

The CopperPro has two timers:

• “Snooze” Timer

Causes the CopperPro to go into low-power mode if no keypad activity is
detected for the user-specified time period. When the time elapses, the
tester emits a distinctive tone and the display goes blank.

Press any key to reactivate the tester and reset the timer.

• “Power Down” Timer

Causes the CopperPro to automatically turn off if no keypad activity is
detected for the user-specified time period. The tester emits distinctive
tone when the time elapses and turns itself off.

Press

= to turn the tester back on.

3-12

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
Configuring the Tester

To set a timer, follow these steps:

3

1. Press >, then O to display the

2. Select

3. To change a timer’s setting, position the cursor on the timer. Then, press

4. Supply the desired period of inactivity. Then, press L to save the value.

Power-Save Timers. Press L.

A(

Edit).

The default period of inactivity is 10 minutes for the Snooze timer and
20 minutes for the “Power Down” timer.

USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4).

Note

Selecting a Language and Associated Units of Measure

The CopperPro displays and prints information in the following languages:

• English (U.S., U.K., and Canada)

• Spanish

• French (France and Canada)

• Portuguese (Brazil)

• German

• Danish

The tester also displays length in different units of measure.

When you select a language for the tester’s displays, the units of measure
associated with that language (and country) are automatically chosen. These
include units of measure for temperature, distance, and VF Noise, as well as
conductor names and the typical wire gauges that are employed for the
language/country you selected.

The default language for the tester’s displays is

3-13

English (USA).

990DSL

Users Guide

To change the language and associated units of measure, complete the
following:

1. Press > then O to display the

2. Select

Language & Units. Press L.

The cursor is positioned on the

3. Press A(

Edit). Then, press G to display the desired language/country.

USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4).

Language field.

Press L to save your selection.

The language you selected now appears in the Language field. The units of
measure associated with that language are also displayed.

Creating a Phone List

You can create and store a list of telephone numbers that you use frequently.
The list can save you time when you run the dial-up tests described in Chapter

4. The tester can store up to 20 telephone numbers. If a number changes or is
no longer needed, you can edit it or delete it from the list. This procedure
shows you how to create (add), delete, and edit phone numbers.

To create a phone list:

1. Press > then O to display the

2. Select

3. Press

Phone Numbers. Press L.

Add Number.

4. Use the tester’s keypad to type the number, then press L.

USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4).

The number is added to the phone list.

3-14

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
Configuring the Tester

To delete a phone number:

1. Select the number that you want to delete.

3

2. Press

To edit a phone number or notes in the Remarks field:

1. Press the I or G key to select the

2. Press the I or G key to move the cursor to the desired position within the

3. Press L when done.

Delete Line.

The selected number (and associated information in the “Remarks”
column) is removed from the phone list.

Number or Remarks field. Then, press

A(

Edit).

selected field. Do the following:

• To type numbers, the asterisk (*), and pound (#) characters, press the

desired key.

• To type alphabetic characters (uppercase only), press >, then press

the desired key.

• To put in a space, press >, then press 0.

• To toggle between alphabetic and numeric entry modes, press >.

3-15

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Users Guide

Storing the Serial Number and Property Information

If desired, you can store the serial number and owner information for your
CopperPro in the tester’s memory.

To store property information for the tester, follow these steps:

1. Press > then O to display the

2. Select

Company Info. Press L.

The

Company Info. screen is displayed. The cursor is positioned on the

Name field.

USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4).

3. To supply information on this screen, complete the following:

Note

Zipcode and Phone No. can consist of up to 16 alphanumeric

characters. All other parameters can consist of up to 30
alphanumeric characters.

a) Position the cursor on the desired field. Then, press A(

Edit).

b) Use the keypad to enter alphabetic or numeric information.

To enter alphabetic information, press > to put the tester in Shift
mode. Then, press the desired alphabetic key until the character you
want is displayed. Press G to advance the cursor to the next position
and type the next character. Continue in this manner until the desired
information is displayed.

To enter numeric information, press the desired number key. Press G
to advance the cursor to the next position and type the next number.
Continue in this manner until all of the information you want is
displayed.

c) Press L to save.

3-16

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
Configuring the Tester

3

Configuring the Serial Port

If you want to print, download and upload files, or operate the CopperPro
remotely, you need to enable communications between the tester and an
external PC or printer.

To configure the tester’s serial port for communications with a PC application
or serial printer, complete the following:

1. Press > then O to display the

2. Select

3. The

4. To change the information on this screen, complete the following for each

RS232 Port Setup. Press L.

RS-232 Port Setup screen is displayed. The cursor is positioned on

the

Baud Rate parameter.

The baud rate is pre-configured at 38.4 kb/s for PC uploading and
downloading operations. Printer baud rates are internally preset for
the Seiko DPU-414 and DPU-411 printer choices.

parameter:

a) Position the cursor on the parameter, then press A(

b) Press G until you display the desired choice.

c) Press L to save your selection.

USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4).

Note

Edit).

Creating a Custom Header for Test Result Files

You can create a custom header for your test result files. The purpose of the
header is to identify the operator, company name, test site, and job number.
When you view or print a test report, the information that you supply in the
following procedure can be selected to appear in the header of the file. This
information applies to all of your saved result files until you change it.

To create a header, follow these steps:

1. Press > then O to display the

3-17

USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4).

990DSL

Users Guide

2. Press D(

The
parameters. The cursor is positioned on

System Setups). Press L.

System Setups screen (Figure 3-5) is displayed. This screen has four

Operator Name.

Note

The information you supply for each parameter on this screen can be
up to 30 alphanumeric characters long.

System Setups

Operator Name ­Wire Center - FLEETWOOD CO
Location - 2144 Adams St.
Job Number - 1021-4443

To include Operator Name, Location, & Job
Number in Saved Test Results Header, press

Edit

Figure 3-5. System Setups Screen

"Include All" below :

Include
All

List Wire
Centers

acy09s.eps

3. To supply an operator name, press A(Edit). In the Operator Name field,

type the name. When you finish, press L.

Note

Consult Table 3-2 for assistance with operating the tester in the Edit
mode.

3-18

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
Configuring the Tester

3

4. Press H to move the cursor to
desired information. When you finish, press L.

Wire Center defines the primary work location, such as a Central

Office Exchange, Cross-Connect Box, or Inside Terminal name. The

tester automatically includes the information that you supply for

Center in the header.

5. Press H to move the cursor to
desired information. When you finish, press L.

6. Press H to move the cursor to
the desired information. When you finish, press L.

7. To include the information you supplied for the

Location, and Job Number in the header for your result files, press

C(

Include All).

If you do not press C(
information you supplied for

Include All), the tester includes only the

Wire Center. Press A(Edit) and supply the

Note

Location. Press A(Edit) and supply the

Job Number. Press A(Edit) and supply

Operator Name,

Note

Wire Center and a timestamp.

Wire

3-19

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Users Guide

Performing Basic Operations

This section shows you how to perform basic CopperPro operations so that
you can quickly get started using the tester. Read this section before you run
any tests.

Calibrating the CopperPro

To ensure maximum accuracy of test results, you should calibrate the
CopperPro at the start of the day, whenever a significant temperature change
occurs, or before you make extremely critical measurements.

The Zero Leads utility is a test lead calibration function that allows the
CopperPro to compensate for test lead resistance and capacitance in
subsequent Resistance Fault, RFL, and Opens measurements. The constants
generated from this test are stored in non-volatile memory and are retained
even after you turn off the tester.

To calibrate the CopperPro, complete the following:

1. Press > then

2. Select

3. As instructed, connect the Pair 1 and Ground test leads together, then

press K.

4. When prompted, disconnect the test leads, then press K.

If no faults are detected, a “Zero Leads Completed” message is displayed.
If a problem with measurement values is detected, an error message
describing the problem is displayed.

3-20

O to display the USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4).

Zero Leads. Press L.

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
Performing Basic Operations

3

Turning the Backlight On and Off

When you use the tester in low light conditions, you can turn on the backlight
for better viewing.

To turn the backlight on and off, press <. This key is located halfway down
the keypad on the left side of the front panel (see Figure 2-1).

To display the screen in reverse video so that it is easier to view in low-light
conditions, press > then <. To return to normal video, press > then <
again.

Adjusting the Contrast of the LCD

To adjust the contrast of the LCD, complete the following

1. Press >.

Note

This is the yellow Shift key, which is located in the lower right corner of
the keypad (see Figure 2-1). In the lower left corner of the screen, the

word “Shift” appears to indicate that the tester is in Shift mode.

2. Press I to decrease the contrast or G to increase the contrast.

3. After the level of contrast is acceptable to you, press > again to save the
setting.

3-21

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Users Guide

Adjusting the Volume of the Speaker

The CopperPro has a speaker that emits a distinctive sound when a key is
pressed or when certain testing operations are being performed.

To increase or decrease the volume of the sound, do the following:

1. Press >. Then, press F to increase the volume or H to decrease the

volume.

When you press the arrow key, the speaker emits a tone at the newly
adjusted volume, giving you a sample of the level of sound.

2. When the volume is acceptable to you, press > again.

The new setting is saved in memory and remains in effect even after you
turn off the tester.

Displaying System Information

To find out what version of software you have or what options are installed on
the tester, complete the following:

1. Press > then

2. Select

The

System Version screen displays the following information about the

tester:

• Software version loaded

• Top assembly hardware revision

• Installed options (if any).

3-22

O to display the USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4).

System Version. Press L.

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
Performing Basic Operations

3

Operating the Tester as a Dial Set

To operate the CopperPro as a dial set, do the following:

1. Turn on the CopperPro.

2. Connect the T (Tip) and R (Ring) test leads to a working POTS line. If the
line is a ground-start line (as opposed to loop-start), connect the G
(Ground) test lead to the cable sheath or C.O. ground.

3. Press ?.
The Dialing Mode Selection screen is displayed.

4. Do one of the following:

• To automatically dial the number, press A(

number from the list, then press K.

• To manually dial the number, press B(

number from the keypad.

5. When you finish dialing, turn the tester over.

You can now use the speaker and microphone as a standard handset.

Note

If the volume of the speaker needs to be adjusted, see “Adjusting the
Volume of the Speaker”, earlier in this chapter.

Auto-Dial). Select the

Manual Dial). Then, dial the

3-23

990DSL

Users Guide

Running a Self-Test

The self-test is a rigorous test of the internal CopperPro hardware. It is a good
idea to periodically run a self-test to verify that your tester is operating
properly. If the self-test fails, a diagnostic message is displayed.

The CopperPro has the following self-tests:

• POTS self-test

• WB self-test

• TDR self-test

To run a self-test, complete the following:

1. Press > then

2. Select

3. Press the softkey for the self-test that you want to run. Then, press K.

O to display the USER OPTIONS menu (Figure 3-4).

Self-Test. Press L.

Printing Displayed Results and Setup Information

You can print any setup information or test result screen that is currently
displayed on the tester’s LCD. To do this, follow these steps:

1. Connect one end of the optional serial printer cable to the CopperPro’s

RS-232 port. Connect the other end to the serial printer.

2. Select the printer type in User Options, “RS232 Port Setup”.

3. Display the setup or result screen that you want to print.

4. Press > then N (“Print Screen” alternate function).

5. Press A (Printer) to print the screen to the connected printer.

The contents of the currently displayed screen are sent to the printer.

If you want to print test results that are saved in the tester’s memory, see
“Saved Test Results” in Chapter 7.

3-24

Setting Up and Operating the CopperPro
Performing Basic Operations

3

Transferring a Screen Image to a PC

To transfer any screen image to a PC in the in the “.BMP” file format (for
viewing or printing to a non-supported printer):

1. Connect the supplied serial cable to the CopperPro’s serial port and a PC
COM port.

2. Display the desired CopperPro screen for transfer.

3. On the PC, open a standard ASCII data communications program
(HyperTerminal, TeraTerm, etc.). Set up the program as follows:

• Baud Rate = 38,400 bps.

• 8 Data bits, 1 Stop bit, No Parity.

• Set data transfer mode to the XMODEM Receive File format, with

CRC enabled.

• Name the file with a “.BMP” file extension.

4. On the CopperPro, press >, then N (“Print Screen” function). A
message is displayed prompting you to start the file transfer.

5. Start the PC communications program XMODEM file transfer. The
“.BMP” screen file begins transferring.

6. When complete, open the transferred file using a standard graphics
program (for example, Microsoft Paint or PowerPoint).

The graphics file can then be viewed or printed on any attached Windows­compatible printer.

3-25

990DSL

Users Guide

3-26 4-1

Chapter 4

POTS Testing and Fault Location

Introduction

This chapter shows you how to use the CopperPro tester to identify and locate
common physical problems on OSP copper pairs, and how to qualify lines for
POTS service. The chapter begins by showing you how to set up and run a
POTS Auto-Test. The POTS Auto-Test is comprised of a sequence of
individual parametric tests that run automatically. Results from this test can
give you a quick overall assessment of the performance characteristics of
either a spare or working POTS pair.

The chapter then describes the individual tests in the POTS toolbox. This
toolbox contains a group of specialized tests that provide detailed information
to help you diagnose specific problems in a cable. In the POTS toolbox, you
will find two groups of tests: copper media (DC) tests and transmission (AC)
tests. The copper media tests are designed to identify and locate physical
voltage, resistance, and capacitance faults, and test for continuity in a cable.
The transmission tests provide accurate measurements of signal loss, metallic
noise, power influence, and longitudinal balance to help you uncover root
problems affecting signal transmission.

990DSL

Users Guide

POTS Auto-Test

The POTS Auto-Test is a sequence of user-selectable single-ended parametric
and transmission tests. The test can be run on either spare or working POTS
pairs, with the appropriate selected tests automatically performed. It is an ideal
tool to qualify POTS pairs, as well as providing an overview for fault analysis.

Table 4-1 lists the individual tests that comprise the POTS Auto-Test. All but
the first two tests are user selectable, which gives you the flexibility to
customize an Auto-Test that fits your particular testing situation.

Setting Up a POTS Auto-Test

To set up a POTS Auto-Test, complete the following:

1. From the

2. Press D(

Main menu, select the POTS Auto-Test.

Setups).

The

Setups−POTS Auto-Test screen 1 (Figure 4-1) is displayed:

Figure 4-1. POTS Auto-Test Setup Screen 1

Two groups of setup parameters are listed on this screen. The first group
consists of the generic setup parameters, and the second group lists the
tests that you can run under the POTS Auto-Test (refer to Table 4-1).

acy11s.eps

4-2

POTS Testing and Fault Location

POTS Auto-Test

3. If desired, supply a value for each generic setup parameter.

Note

Table 3-1 describes the generic setup parameters. If you need
instructions for changing their values, see “Editing the Setup for a
Test” in Chapter 3.

4. Select the tests that you want to include in the Auto-Test. For each test, do
the following:

4

a) Press F or H to select the test. Then, press A(

b) Press F or H to select

do not want to include the test.

c) Press L to save your selection.

To restore the factory default values of the setup parameters, press
D(

Restore Defaults).

To change the setup for any of the individual tests, see “Editing the
Setup for a Test” in Chapter 3. Individual test default settings are for
POTS service qualification.

There is a second screen of setups for the POTS Auto-Test, accessible by
pressing C (
Test, plus other setup parameters on the second setups screen.

More). Table 4-1 lists the tests you can include in the POTS Auto-

Y if you want to include the test or N if you

Note

Edit).

4-3

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Users Guide

Table 4-1. User-Selectable Tests for the POTS Auto-Test

Test Description Settings (default in bold)

Voltage Measures AC and DC

voltages on all legs of
spare or working pairs.

Shorts & Grounds Measures resistance

between all legs of spare
pairs.

Opens Measures capacitance on

spare pairs, converting to
distance based on the
Cable Type selected.

Load Coils Detects the number of

coils and approximate
distance to the first, on
spare or working POTS
pairs, plus a frequency
response graph.

Loop Devices Detects the presence of

loop treatment devices,
fault-sectionalizing
devices, and Mechanical
Bell Ringers on spare or
working POTS pairs.

No choice, always run.

No choice, always run.

(N/A on working pairs)

Select Y to enable the test

Select N to disable the test.

(N/A on working pairs)

Select Y to enable the test

Select N to disable the test.

Select Y to enable the test

Select N to disable the test.

VF Long. Balance Measures resistive and

capacitive balance of the
pair to Ground, on spare
or working POTS pairs.

Loop Current Measures Loop Current,

Ring-Ground Current, and
cable sheath Ground
resistance on working
POTS pairs.

4-4

Select Y to enable the test

Select N to disable the test.

Select Y to enable the test

Select N to disable the test.

(N/A on spare pairs)

POTS Testing and Fault Location

POTS Auto-Test

Table 4-1. User-Selectable Tests for the POTS Auto-Test (continued)

Test Description Settings (default in bold)

4

VF Noise Measures Metallic Noise

and Power Influence (P.I.)
on spare or working pairs.
Measures Dial-up Noise if
QT number entered in
Setup screen 2.

VF Loss Measures Dial-up VF

Loss on working POTS
pairs, if Milliwatt number
entered in Setup screen 2.

VF Noise Quiet
Term. #

VF Loss Milliwatt # Milliwatt or N-Tone sweep

VF Noise Test
Delay

VF Loss Test Delay Post-dialing delay prior to

Cable Type Required by Opens test Select from Cable Type list

Quiet Termination phone
number. (Setup screen 2)

number. (Setup screen 2)

Post-dialing delay prior to
running VF Noise test.
(Setup screen 2)

running VF Loss test.
(Setup screen 2)

Select Y to enable the test

Select N to disable the test.

Select Y to enable the test

Select N to disable the test.

(N/A on spare pairs)

Enter number to enable test
on working POTS pairs.

Enter number to enable test
on working POTS pairs.

Enter number of seconds to
delay after dialing, prior to
running test.

Enter number of seconds to
delay after dialing, prior to
running test.

Cable Gauge Required by Load test Select from Cable Ga. list

Cable Temperature Required by Load test Enter Cable Temperature

Measurement
Mode

Required by S&G Test Select Normal for cables

with normal levels of P.I.;
Select High AC Rejection
for cables with high P.I, or
when the sheath is
conducting high AC current
such as that caused by
unbalanced 3-phase power
loading in the vicinity.

4-5

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Users Guide

Running the POTS Auto-Test

You can start a POTS Auto-Test in one of two ways:

• From the

Main menu (Figure 3-2), select POTS Auto-Test. Then, press

K.

OR

• From the

Setups - POTS Auto-Test screen, press K.

The POTS Auto-Test begins, running each of the tests that you specified in the
setup.

To stop a POTS Auto-Test at any time, press K.

POTS Auto-Test Results

While Auto-Test is running, the tester displays the test it is currently
performing. When Auto-Test is completed, a Test Summary screen is
displayed, showing each test and whether it passed or failed, as shown in
Figure 4-2:

Figure 4-2. POTS Auto-Test Summary Results

Note

“N/A” in the Results column indicates that the test was selected but
not run because of excessive voltage or resistance on the pair.
“N/S” indicates the test was not selected in Auto-Test Setups.

4-6

acy101s.eps

POTS Testing and Fault Location

POTS Auto-Test

If one or more tests fail, the cursor is positioned on the first failed test. The
failed test is highlighted in steady, reverse-video format, with a flashing
“FAIL” indicator. If all tests pass, the cursor is positioned on the first test in
the list, and that test is highlighted.

To view the summary result for a test, press F or H to scroll through the list
of tests. As the cursor is positioned on the name of a test, it is highlighted and
its summary result is displayed in the upper right corner.

To view the details behind a summary result, press F or H to position the
cursor on the name of the test, then press A(Details).

To page directly to the next test “Details” screen, press H.

To view the setup for a test, press F or H to position the cursor on the name
of the test, then press D(

Setups).

4

Saving POTS Auto-Test Results

Auto-Test results, unlike individual test results, are not automatically saved.
To save the POTS Auto-Test results, do the following:

1. From the Test Summary screen, press C (

2. Enter the following Test Identification information:

•

Job # (enter up to 16 alphanumeric characters)

•

Cable (enter up to 16 alphanumeric characters)

•

Pair (enter up to 16 alphanumeric characters)

3. Press B(

The POTS Auto-Test results are now saved as Text Results in non-volatile
memory, with failing results flashing. In a printout, failing results are preceded
by an “*” for easy identification.

4-7

Save Results).

Save Results).

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Users Guide

The POTS Toolbox

The POTS Toolbox includes the same tests that are available in the Auto-Test
(see Table 4-1) as well as other fault location tests. This section introduces the
POTS toolbox tests, shows you how to run them, and describes their results.

Running a Test in the POTS Toolbox

• From the Main menu, press A(POTS) to display the POTS toolbox

(Figure 4-3). Press an arrow key to select the desired test, then press K.

OR

• Display the setup menu for the desired test (see “Displaying a Setup

Menu” in Chapter 3), then press K.

To stop a running test, press K.

4-8

Figure 4-3. POTS Toolbox

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POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

4

Voltage Test

The Voltage test gives you a “snapshot” measurement of AC and DC voltages
on each leg of a pair. The test can identify hazardous voltage, an idle or busy
POTS line, a Special Service circuit “footprint”, or a cross-to-battery fault.

Setting Up a Voltage Test

To set up a Voltage test, select the test on the POTS Toolbox and press
D(

Setups). Refer to Table 4-2 for Voltage test setup parameters.

Table 4-2. Voltage Test Setup Parameters

Parameter Settings (default in bold)

ACV Hazard. Volt Threshold ≥50 VAC (Range = 40 to 120)

ACV Pass Thresholds - TR:

TG & RG:

DCV Hazard. Voltage Threshold ≥190 VDC (Range = 70 to 200)

DCV Pass Threshold ≤3 VDC (Range = 1 to 20)

DCV Test Impedance 100 Ke (Std. Telephony impedance)

DCV Idle POTS Voltage Range High side = -60 to -44 VDC

DCV Busy POTS Voltage Range High side = -44 to -26 VDC

≤3 VAC (Range = 1 to 30)
≤25 VAC (Range = 1 to 30)

1 Me (Compatible with 965DSP™)

10 Me (Compatible with DVMs)

Low side = 4 to -4 VDC
(Range = 0 to ± 99 VDC)
(Absolute value of Low < High)

Low side = -4 to -25 VDC
(Range = 0 to ± 99 VDC)

4-9

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Users Guide

Voltage Test Results

To run a Voltage test, select the test on the POTS Toolbox and press K. When
completed, voltage results for all legs are displayed as shown in Figure 4-4:

Figure 4-4. Voltage Test Results: Idle POTS Line

acy15s.eps

An Idle POTS line was detected in this test, as is shown in the status area in
the upper right corner. Also, voltage readings are reported that are outside the
acceptable limits for a spare pair (as defined in Setups). These readings are
shown on the diagram in flashing, reverse video format for emphasis.

From the result screen, you can do the following:

• Press A(

Contin. DCV) to obtain continuously updated DCV values for

any selected leg (see “Running a Continuous Voltage Test” for details).

• Press B(

• Press D(

Contin. ACV) to obtain continuously updated ACV values.

Monitor Line) to non-intrusively monitor the pair using the

tester’s built-in speaker (see “Monitor Line Test” later in this chapter).

4-10

POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

Running a Continuous Voltage Test

To continuously monitor DC voltage on a pair, do the following:

4

1. Press A(

The

Figure 4-5 shows a continuous DCV value for the T-R leg. The bar graph
plots real-time voltage variations against the reference (center) value of
the initial reading. Peak voltage excursions are recorded as half-tone
shaded portions of the bar, with excursions beyond the scale marked as
“Min” and “Max” values. The current reading is shown in large, solid
black numbers. Each scale mark on the bar graph corresponds to one unit
of measure (in this case, 1 volt) of the parameter.

Contin. DCV).

Continuous DCV screen (Figure 4-5) is displayed.

Figure 4-5. Continuous Voltage Test Result Screen

acy16s.eps

2. To continuously test another leg, press B(

3. To re-center a reading that has drifted, press D(

4. To stop a continuous test, press K or M.

4-11

TG) or C(RG).

Set New Reference).

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Users Guide

Shorts & Grounds Test

The Shorts & Grounds test provides a “snapshot” measurement of the
resistances between each leg (TR, TG, and RG) of a pair.

Setting Up a Shorts & Grounds Test

To set up a Shorts & Grounds test, select the test on the POTS Toolbox and
press D(

Resist. Fault Pass Threshold ≥150 Ke (Range = 2 to 9999)

Cable Gauge 19, 22, 24, 26, or 28 AWG

Cable Temperature 68° F (Range = –99 to 199)

Measurement Mode Normal or High AC Rejection

Setups). Refer to Table 4-3 for test setup parameters.

Table 4-3. Shorts & Grounds Test Setup Parameters

Parameter Settings (default in bold)

(See POTS Auto-Test Setups for details)

Shorts & Grounds Test Results

To run a Shorts & Grounds test, select it on the POTS Toolbox and press K.

In Figure 4-6, the Shorts & Grounds test detected a short (
the pair, due to a fault resistance reading (

500 Ω) that is outside the acceptable

limits (as defined in the setup for the test). This reading is shown in flashing,
reverse video format.

4-12

Tip-Ring Short) on

POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

Figure 4-6. Shorts & Grounds Test Results: Short

To run additional tests directly from this screen, do the following:

4

elf17s.eps

• Press A(

• Press B(

expose high resistance oxidized copper faults. (See “Leakage Stress Test”)

• Press C(RFL) to run a Resistance Fault Location test to locate the fault.

• Press D(

(See “Converting Fault Resistance Values to Distance Values”, which
follows, for instructions).

4-13

Contin. Resistance) to obtain a continuous resistance reading.

Leakage Stress) to run a high voltage test to break down and

Ohms to Distance) to convert the fault resistances to distances.

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Users Guide

Converting Fault Resistance Values to Distance Values

Often the fault resistances displayed are “hard” shorts or grounds, meaning
that the fault is at zero Ohms, and the resistance shown is only the conductor
resistance itself to that fault. In these situations, the Tester can convert the
resistances to distances⎯ if you supply the cable gauge and temperature.

To convert the fault resistance values to distances, complete the following:

1. On the Shorts & Grounds result screen, press D(

Ohms-to-Distance).

2. If the cable gauge or temperature is different from that specified in the

setup for the test, do the following:

• If the pair consists of only one gauge, press D(

Setups), and select

the proper gauge and temperature. Then press M.

• If the pair consists of more than one gauge, press C(

Gauge

). Then enter each section length and gauge (see “Entering

Multiple

Multiple Wire Gauge Information” for details). When done, press M
to return to the resistance display.

3. Press A(

Convert to Distance) to display the distances.

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POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

Opens Test

The Opens test performs a true three-terminal test on a pair. To run the test,
you need to choose the appropriate Cable Type (see Table 4-4).

Note

You do not need to provide the ”D” Factor (or TG /TR Capacitance
Ratio) or have to ground a percentage of spares in the cable to get an
accurate distance reading, as you do with conventional 2-terminal
meters. The Tester actually measures the Capacitance Ratio of the
pair during the Opens Test.

The Opens Test performs a measurement of the capacitive length of the pair,
as well as the capacitive balance between the Tip and Ring conductors.

Setting Up an Opens Test

To set up an Opens test, select the test on the POTS Toolbox and press
D(

Setups). Refer to Table 4-4 for setup parameters for the Opens test.

Table 4-4. Opens Test Setup Parameters

4

Parameter Setting (default in bold)

Cable Type Jelly Filled, Air Core, JKT, 5 Pr. Buried

Drop, 2 Pr. Buried Drop, 1 Pr. Aerial Drop,
1 Pr. Universal Drop, or Custom.

Cap. Balance Pass
Threshold

≥95 % (Range = 0 to 99)

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Users Guide

Opens Test Results

To run an Opens test, select the test on the POTS Toolbox and press K.

Figure 4-7 shows an Opens test that was conducted on a good, balanced pair:

Figure 4-7. Opens Test Result: Good Pair

acy18s.eps

Depending on the results you obtain, you may want to run additional tests on
the pair. From the Opens test results screen, you can do the following:

• Press A(

Adjusted Opens) to calibrate the pair to a known length or

mutual capacitance value (see “Adjusted Opens Test” for details).

• Press B(

Contin. Opens) to run a continuous 2-terminal test on a selected

leg. Press F or H to convert to capacitance readings.

• Press C(

Splits) if the pair is known to be a split pair (see “Splits Test”

later in this chapter).

4-16

POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

4

CPE Correction

If a bad Ground connection, open sheath, or far-end CPE termination is
present, the tester will measure a 3T Capacitance Ratio that is much lower than
normal. As a result, the 990 will display
screen and will also provide a
connection or open sheath is not suspected, press the CPE Correction softkey.
The unit will then display corrected distances, subtracting CPE effects.

CPE Correction softkey C. If a bad ground

Open Ground or CPE on the results

Adjusted Opens Test

A cable manufacturer’s data can vary by as much as 7% among cables.
Therefore, for greater accuracy, it is strongly recommended that you first
perform an Opens test on a known good pair in the cable. This data can then be
saved as a Custom Cable Type for further use on faulted pairs in the same
cable. Alternatively, if the length of a good pair is known by another more
accurate means, you can enter that length and store the data as a Custom Cable
Type. This is called an Adjusted Opens measurement.

Figure 4-8 shows the results from a balanced pair being used to create a
Custom Cable Type for future usage on other pairs in the same cable

To run an Adjusted Opens test, do the following:

1. Run an Opens Test on a good, balanced pair in the cable.

2. Press A(

A screen like the one in Figure 4-8 is displayed:

4-17

Adjusted Opens).

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Users Guide

Figure 4-8. Adjusted Opens Test Screen

3. If the Cable Length value is not correct:

• Press A(

Adjust), then enter a known good value for Cable Length

(five digits maximum, no commas), and / or a Cap. Reference value
if known to be non-standard.

• When finished, press D(

Save as Custom) to create a Custom Cable

Type based on the entered data, using the same
as measured on the good pair.

4. If the

Cable Length value is correct:

• Press D(

same

Save as Custom) to create a Custom Cable Type with the

3T Cap. Ratio value as measured on the good pair.

3T Cap. Ratio value

acy19s.eps

4-18

POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

4

Splits Test

The Splits test should be run if an Opens Test result shows a “Possible Split or
Water” condition. However, a split condition may exist that is not detected by
the Opens Test, due to the length of the split being fairly short. In this case,
when the pair is known to be split but shows to be good and balanced, you
should run the Splits Test.

Note

The Splits test provides the approximate distance to a split. To
precisely locate a split, it is recommended that you run a TDR test
(see Chapter 6 “TDR Testing and Fault Location” for details).

Figure 4-9 shows an Opens test results screen which reports a possible split.

Figure 4-9. Opens Test Result Screen: Possible Split or Water

4-19

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Users Guide

Notes

The “Possible Split or Water” result is generated whenever the 3T
Capacitance Ratio (TG to TR) of a balanced pair is greater than the
average ratio for the selected Cable Type. This may be due to either a
split pair condition, enough water in the cable to alter its 3T Cap.
Ratio, or a good pair having a non-standard 3T Cap. Ratio.

If the pair is a known good pair with a non-standard 3T Cap Ratio,
you can create a Custom Cable Type with those characteristics by
pressing

A

(Adjusted Opens, then D(Save as Custom). Subsequent

tests on like pairs will result in the omission of the “Possible Split or
Water” message.

To determine the approximate location of the split, proceed as follows:

1. On the Opens test result screen, press C(Splits).

A connection diagram is displayed, as shown in Figure 4-10:

4-20

Figure 4-10. Splits Test: Connection Diagram

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POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

2. Verify that the pair is actually split with another pair, and then locate the
second split pair with a tracing tone probe or other standard method.

3. As prompted, connect the tester’s Pair 1 and 2 test leads to the two split
pairs exactly as shown in the connection diagram (Figure 4-10).

4. Press K.

Note

The two split pairs must be the same lengths (within ±5 %) to obtain a
meaningful measurement. If not, the tester detects the imbalance and
displays an error message.

The tester makes the required measurements, as shown in
Figure 4-11:

4

Figure 4-11. Splits Test Result Screen

5. Press A(Contin. Opens) to view continuous two-terminal information,
which includes the selected leg length or capacitance.

6. Press B(

4-21

TDR) to obtain a more accurate value of the distance to the split.

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Users Guide

Resistance Fault Location (RFL) Test

The RFL test provides a highly accurate method of locating resistance faults
(shorts, grounds, or crosses), including those that are too large for the TDR
test to locate. It does this by using cable gauge and temperature values in a
“nulling bridge” process. In this process, half of a resistance bridge is formed
within the tester, and the faulted pair (strapped at the far end, as prompted)
forms the other half of the bridge. The internal bridge ratio is then changed
until it precisely mirrors the ratio of the faulted leg to the good leg, and is then
used to calculate resistance values to the fault and strap.

Setting Up an RFL Test

To set up an RFL test, select the test on the POTS Toolbox and press
D(

Setups). Refer to Table 4-5 for RFL test setup parameters.

Table 4-5. RFL Test Setup Parameters

Parameter Settings (default in bold)

Cable Gauge 19, 22, 24, 26, or 28 AWG

Cable Temperature 68° F (Range = –99 to 199)

Measurement Mode Normal or High AC Rejection

(See POTS Auto-Test Setups for details)

RFL Fault Pass
Threshold

Multiple Gauge Entry
Limits

30 M e (Range = 1 Me to 30 M e)

Section Length (Range = 0 to 9999 ft.)

Gauge / mm (Same as Cable Gauge)

Load (Y or N)

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POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

Running an RFL Test

To run an RFL test, do one of the following:

4

• Select

• From the

The tester locates the leg positions and values of all fault resistances, and then
displays a screen that prompts you to connect a far-end strap (dotted line).

For a single-sided ground fault, the display will look like Figure 4-12:

RFL in the POTS Toolbox (Figure 4-3), then press K.

OR

Setups - R.F.L. menu, press K.

Figure 4-12. RFL Test Results: Fault Value and Position

acy22s.eps

If your screen is similar to Figure 4-12, go to “Single-Sided Fault Location
Test Results” for instructions on how to obtain the distance to the fault.

4-23

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Users Guide

If the fault is a short or if both conductors are faulted, or a shorting strap has
already been placed at the far end for a single-sided fault, the tester displays a

screen like Figure 4-13:

Figure 4-13. RFL Test Results: Double-sided Fault or Short

acy25s.eps

If your screen is similar to the one in Figure 4-13 and you have not already
connected a far-end strap, go to “Short or Double-Sided Fault Location Test

Results” for instructions on how to strap the pair and complete the test.

If your screen is similar to this and you have already placed a far-end T-R
shorting strap for location of a single-sided fault, press D (Pre Strapped
Short (2w) and continue below with step 2.

Note

The far end of a double-sided fault or short may be pre-strapped with
a good wire or pair prior to running the RFL test, with no change in
procedures.

4-24

POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

Single-Sided Fault Location Test Results

To locate a single-sided fault, do the following:

1. Connect the strap as shown in Figure 4-12, then press K.

2. If the tester was turned off during the strap connection process:

• Turn it on, and select RFL again from the POTS Toolbox.

4

• Select A(

If the strap is not detected, a “Strap Connection Error” message is
displayed.

If the strap is properly connected, the tester performs a “fault null”
operation and displays a screen similar to the one in Figure 4-14.

Figure 4-14. Two-Wire RFL Test Results: Tip Ground

Figure 4-14 shows the conductor resistance values to the fault, and from
the fault to the strap (shown in the diagram as a solid line).

Continue Prev. Test), then press K.

acy23s.eps

4-25

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Users Guide

3. If you supplied the correct gauge and temperature information in RFL

Setups prior to running the test, press A(

Distance to Fault).

4. If the correct gauge and temperature were not entered into Setups

prior to the test, you can enter them now:

a) Press either D(

temperature information or press C(

Setups) to enter single-gauge and

Multiple Gauge) to

enter multi-gauge section information.

b) When finished, press M, then A(

Distance to Fault).

The relevant distances are displayed, as shown in Figure 4-15.

Figure 4-15. Two-Wire RFL Test Results: Distance to Fault

acy24s.eps

5. If you want to obtain a second reading with the test leads connected to

the same pair, press D(

Repeat Fault Null).

4-26

The tester repeats the nulling process without again measuring fault
resistances.

POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

4

Entering Multiple Wire Gauge Information

For pair counts composed of multiple wire gauge sections, or sections
containing load coils, use this procedure to store multiple gauge information.

The tester lets you store up to 20 “sections” of data. A section is defined as a
length of cable having a gauge that is different from the preceding length, or a
length of cable containing a load coil at the end.

To enter multiple wire gauge information, do the following:

1. On either the
C(

Multiple Gauge).

An entry screen is displayed. The

2. Press A(

A blinking cursor appears in the first character position of the
field as shown in Figure 4-16:

Setups - RFL or an RFL Test Results screen, press

Length field is highlighted.

Edit).

Figure 4-16. RFL Multiple Wire Gauge Entry Screen

Length

acy32s.eps

4-27

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Users Guide

3. Enter the length of the first section (five digits maximum, with no

commas), using the same units of measure (feet or meters) selected for the
Language configuration, then press L.

4. PressG to move the cursor to the Section 1

5. Press A(

6. PressG to move the cursor to the

7. Press A(

section or

8. PressG to move the cursor to the

Edit), press F or H for the desired gauge, then press L.

Load Coil field.

Edit), and press F or H to select Y if a load coil terminates the

N if it does not. Then, press L.

Strap Dist. field.

Gauge field.

9. If the Section 1 length entered is the actual known distance to the strap,

press F or H to select

10. PressG to move the cursor to the Section 2

Y. Otherwise select N, and press L.

Length field.

11. Repeat Steps 2-7 until you enter information for all of the sections. When

you finish, press M to return to the

RFL results screen.

Note

It is important to make sure that the last section that you enter
contains the strap position. If an “
message is displayed when you press the

Insufficient Length Entered”

M

key to exit the Multi­gauge Entry screen, it is because the sum of the entered lengths is
shorter than the Distance-to-Strap length measured by the tester. In
this situation, first verify that the entered

Length and Gauge

information is correct. If so, increase the length you entered for the
last section. This change does not affect the accuracy of the results
but allows agreement between the entries and measurements.

4-28

POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

Deleting or Inserting a Wire Gauge Entry

To delete the information in a complete Section number line, select the desired
section using F or H, then press C(

Delete Section).

4

To insert a section, position the cursor to the section above which
add a line, and press B (Insert Section).

you want to

RFL Test “Distance to Strap” Entry

If the distance to the strap was known and entered into Section 1 of the above
Multiple Gauge entry screen (along with
section data will be ignored. The RFL fault distances will then be based on a
wire resistivity that is calculated from the entered strap distance.

If the cable contains one or more gauge changes between the tester
and the far-end strap, the average resistivity calculated from the
entered strap distance could result in inaccurate distance-to-fault or
fault-to-strap readings, depending on the relative lengths of the
different gauges.

Y in the Strap Dist. field), all other

Note

Short or Double-Sided Fault Location (3 Wire) Test Results

To view test results for a short or double-sided fault, select the desired
strapping option to complete the bridge (as prompted in Figure 4-13).

Note

If the fault is a short or if both conductors are faulted, you must use
either a good conductor or pair to complete one leg of the bridge. It is
best to use a separate good pair for the leg because it can be any
length or gauge. If only one good conductor is available, it can work
as well, but it must be the same length and gauge as the faulted pair.

4-29

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Users Guide

Do one of the following:

• If only one good conductor is available, press A(

Good Wire-Same Ga.),

and a connection diagram like that shown in Figure 4-17 is displayed:

Figure 4-17. Two-Wire RFL Test Results: Good Wire Strap

a) As prompted, reconnect the leads to the good wire and connect the

far-end strap. Then, press K.

When the test finishes, resistance values are displayed.

b) Press A (

Distance to Fault), and distances to the fault and strap are

then displayed, as shown in Figure 4-18:

acy29s.eps

4-30

POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

4

Figure 4-18. Two-Wire RFL Test Results: Distances

OR

• If a good pair is available, press B(

connection diagram like the one shown in Figure 4-19 is displayed.

Figure 4-19. Three-Wire RFL Test: Good Pair Strap

This diagram shows the T1 and R1 test leads connected to the good pair
and a far-end strap (in dotted lines).

Good Pair-Any Ga.), and a

acy30s.eps

acy26s.eps

4-31

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Users Guide

To complete the test, do the following:

a) Connect the Pair 2 test leads (T1 and R1) to the good strapping pair

and connect the far-end straps, then press K.

The tester runs the test using the separate good pair as the strap.
When completed, resistances to the fault and strap are displayed.

Note

The 3W RFL test is slightly longer because the tester has to run
the nulling bridge process on both the strap and the faulted pair.

b) Press A(

Distance to Fault), and distances to the fault and strap are

displayed as in the example of Figure 4-20.

Figure 4-20. Three-Wire RFL Test Results: Distances

acy27s.eps

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POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

4

RFL Test: K-Test Option

The “K-Test” is a variation of RFL that can be used whenever a double-sided
fault is present, and there are no good conductors in the cable to use for either
the “Good Wire” or “Good Pair” strapping function.

Oftentimes, one fault will be ten or more times greater than the other in a
double-sided fault scenario. In cases like this, the Fault Resistance Pass
Threshold (in RFL Setups) can simply be lowered to eliminate the larger value
fault, and you can run the simpler single-sided RFL test and still maintain a
fair degree of accuracy. In other cases, use the K-Test option.

K-Test Pair Requirements

• Both resistance faults must be to the same fault potential, and occur at the

same physical place on the cable.

• The larger fault resistance must be greater than twice the smaller value.

• The larger fault resistance must be at least one hundred times greater than

the pair’s loop resistance.

Running the K-Test

After performing an initial RFL test on a pair having a double-sided fault, and
whose values meet the K-Test requirements (as in Fig. 4-13), do the following:

1. Press C(

The tester then runs the first part of the test, performing a nulling
bridge operation on the pair with the far end open.

If one fault resistance is not greater than twice the other, an error
message is displayed at this point, and the K-Test cannot be run.

2. If the fault ratio requirement is met, the tester prompts you to connect

a far-end T-R short. The unit may be powered down at this time, as
with other RFL options, and the test resumed (
after the short is connected.

4-33

K-Test-2W).

Note

Continue Prev. Test)

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Users Guide

3. With the strapping prompt screen displayed, press K.

This starts the second part of the K-Test, during which the tester
measures loop resistance and performs a nulling bridge operation on
the pair with the far-end shorted.

After completion, the tester displays resistances to the fault and strap,
as in the normal RFL process.

4. Press A (

Distance to Fault) to view distances, as is normally done.

Load Coils Test

The Load Coils test performs a frequency sweep of the pair (either spare or
working POTS) to determine the number of load coils present, and the
approximate distance to the first coil.

Setting Up a Load Coils Test

The Load Coils test requires that the predominant wire-gauge to the first load
coil be entered in Setups, for the most accurate distance-to-first-load results.

Load Coils Test Results

To run the Load Coils test, select the test on the POTS Toolbox and press K.
Figure 4-21 shows the results of a Load Coils test that was conducted on a pair
with six loads:

4-34

POTS Testing and Fault Location

The POTS Toolbox

4

Figure 4-21. Load Coils Test Results

Figure 4-21 shows that six load coils were detected, with 3029 feet to the first.
From this result screen, you can do the following:

a) Press A (

results, like that shown in Figure 4-22:

Load Coil Graph) to view a frequency sweep graph of the test

Figure 4-22. Load Coil Graph: 6 Loads

acy33s.eps

acy34s.eps

4-35

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Users Guide

Each negative dip followed by a positive peak represents a single load
coil. The pair depicted in Figure 4-22 has six sets of these dip-and-peak
combinations, revealing the detected six loads. The farthest load is
represented on the extreme right side of the waveform, and will always
have a relatively smaller dip and peak.

Note

At times, small dips or peaks may be missed by the counter, yet be visually
seen in the graph. Also, the presence of an abnormally high amount of
metallic battery noise on working POTS lines may cause the counter to
register a high false number of loads, but the actual number may be
visually determined by looking at the graph.

b) Press B(

TDR) to go directly to the TDR menu, which allows a more

accurate distance to the first coil to be measured.

c) Press C(

VF Long. Balance) to check for possible mis-loading due to the

presence of half-loads.

d) If a “Resistive Fault” message appears, press D (

Shorts & Grounds) to

measure the value of the fault.

Loop Devices Test

The Loop Devices test detects the presence of the following devices:

• Loop treatment devices on working POTS pairs such as Loop Extenders

and Range Extenders with Gain (REGs).

• Fault-sectionalizing devices, such as Maintenance Termination Units

(MTUs) and Network Interface Devices (NIDs).

• Mechanical Bell Ringers (C4 and C5).

Setting Up a Loop Devices Test

The Loop Devices test has no test-specific setups.

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