FLIR A3 series, A3 SC series User Manual

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User’s manual

FLIR A3xx/A3xx sc series

User’s manual

FLIR A3xx/A3xx sc series

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

iii

Table of contents

1 Legal disclaimer ....... ....... ....... .......................... ....... ....... ....... ............ 1

1.1 Legal disclaimer .......................................................................1

1.2 Usage statistics ........................................................................ 1

1.3 Changes to registry ................................................................... 1

1.4 U.S. Government Regulations...................................................... 1

1.5 Copyright ................................................................................1

1.6 Quality assurance .....................................................................2

1.7 Patents...................................................................................2

1.8 EULA Terms ............................................................................ 2

2 Safety information .... ....... ....... .......................... ....... ....... ....... ............ 4

3 Notice to user .... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... .. ....5

3.1 User-to-user forums .................................................................. 5

3.2 Calibration...............................................................................5

3.3 Accuracy ................................................................................ 5

3.4 Disposal of electronic waste ........................................................5

3.5 Training ..................................................................................5

3.6 Documentation updates ............................................................. 5

3.7 Important note about this manual..................................................5

4 Customer help ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..............6

4.1 General ..................................................................................6

4.2 Submitting a question ................................................................ 6

4.3 Downloads ..............................................................................7

5 List of accessories and services . ....... .......................... ....... ....... .........8

6 Installation .............. ....... ....... .......................... ....... ....... ....... .......... 11

6.1 General information................................................................. 11

6.1.1 Explanation................................................................. 11

6.1.2 Default installation paths ................................................ 11

6.2 System requirements............................................................... 11

6.2.1 Operating system ......................................................... 11

6.2.2 Hardware ................................................................... 11

6.2.3 Software .................................................................... 11

6.2.4 More information .......................................................... 11

6.3 Installation............................................................................. 12

6.3.1 General...................................................................... 12

6.3.2 Procedure .................................................................. 12

7 Mechanical installation ... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... .......................... .... 13

7.1 Mounting interfaces................................................................. 13

7.2 Notes on permanent installation ................................................. 13

7.3 Vibrations.............................................................................. 13

7.4 Further information.................................................................. 13

7.5 Cable strain relief .................................................................... 13

8 Mounting and removing lenses ... ....... .......................... ....... ....... ....... 15

8.1 Mounting an additional infrared lens ............................................ 15

8.1.1 Procedure .................................................................. 15

8.2 Removing an additional infrared lens........................................... 15

8.2.1 Procedure .................................................................. 15

9 Connectors, controls, and indicators .... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... ..... 16

9.1 FLIR A3xx series .................................................................... 16

9.2 Explanation ........................................................................... 16

9.3 FLIR A3xx sc series................................................................. 16

9.4 Explanation ........................................................................... 16

10 Example system overviews... ............ ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... ....... . 18

10.1 FLIR A3xx series .................................................................... 18

10.1.1 Figure........................................................................ 18

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Table of contents

10.1.2 Explanation................................................................. 18

10.1.3 Figure........................................................................ 19

10.1.4 Explanation................................................................. 19

10.1.5 Figure........................................................................ 20

10.1.6 Explanation................................................................. 20

10.2 FLIR A3xx sc series................................................................. 21

10.2.1 Figure........................................................................ 21

10.2.2 Explanation................................................................. 21

11 Temperature screening ....... ....... ....... .......................... ....... ....... ....... 22

11.1 Applicability ........................................................................... 22

11.2 Description of the function ........................................................ 22

11.3 Procedure ............................................................................. 22

12 Network troubleshooting..................... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... ..... 24

13 Technical data . ....... ....... ....... ..... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ................... 25

13.1 Online field-of-view calculator .................................................... 25

13.2 Note about technical data ......................................................... 25

13.3 FLIR A300............................................................................. 26

13.4 FLIR A300 (9 Hz) .................................................................... 30

13.5 FLIR A305sc.......................................................................... 34

13.6 FLIR A310............................................................................. 37

13.7 FLIR A310 (9 Hz) .................................................................... 41

13.8 FLIR A315............................................................................. 45

13.9 FLIR A315 (9 Hz) .................................................................... 48

13.10 FLIR A320 Tempscreen............................................................ 51

13.11 FLIR A320 Tempscreen (9 Hz)................................................... 55

13.12 FLIR A325sc.......................................................................... 59

14 Mechanical drawings .. ....... ....... ....... ................... ....... ....... ....... ........ 62

15 Pin configurations ..... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... ....... ....... ....... ....... .. 71

15.1 Pin configuration for I/O connector .............................................. 71

15.2 Schematic overview of the digital I/O ports ................................... 71

15.3 LED indicators ....................................................................... 71

16 Cleaning the camera ..... ....... ............ ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... .. ..... . 72

16.1 Camera housing, cables, and other items..................................... 72

16.1.1 Liquids....................................................................... 72

16.1.2 Equipment.................................................................. 72

16.1.3 Procedure .................................................................. 72

16.2 Infrared lens .......................................................................... 72

16.2.1 Liquids....................................................................... 72

16.2.2 Equipment.................................................................. 72

16.2.3 Procedure .................................................................. 72

16.3 Infrared detector ..................................................................... 72

16.3.1 General...................................................................... 72

16.3.2 Procedure .................................................................. 73

17 About FLIR Systems ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... .......................... ....... .... 74

17.1 More than just an infrared camera .............................................. 75

17.2 Sharing our knowledge ............................................................ 75

17.3 Supporting our customers......................................................... 75

17.4 A few images from our facilities.................................................. 76

18 Glossary ..... .......................... ....... ....... .......................... ....... ....... ... 77

19 Thermographic measurement techniques .... ..... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... 80

19.1 Introduction .......................................................................... 80

19.2 Emissivity.............................................................................. 80

19.2.1 Finding the emissivity of a sample.................................... 80

19.3 Reflected apparent temperature ................................................. 83

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19.4 Distance ............................................................................... 83

19.5 Relative humidity .................................................................... 83

19.6 Other parameters.................................................................... 83

20 History of infrared technology... ....... ....... ....... ................... ....... ....... .. 85

21 Theory of thermography ....... ..... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ..... ....... ....... . 88

21.1 Introduction ........................................................................... 88

21.2 The electromagnetic spectrum................................................... 88

21.3 Blackbody radiation................................................................. 88

21.3.1 Planck’s law ................................................................ 89

21.3.2 Wien’s displacement law................................................ 90

21.3.3 Stefan-Boltzmann's law ................................................. 91

21.3.4 Non-blackbody emitters ................................................. 92

21.4 Infrared semi-transparent materials............................................. 94

22 The measurement formula. ....... ....... ....... ..... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... .. 95

23 Emissivity tables .. ....... .......................... ....... ....... .......................... .. 99

23.1 References............................................................................ 99

23.2 Tables .................................................................................. 99

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vii

Legal disclaimer

1.1 Legal disclaimer

All products manufactured by FLIR Systems are warranted against defective materials and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the delivery date of the original purchase, provided such products have been under normal storage, use and service, and in accordance with FLIR Systems instruction.

Products which are not manufactured by FLIR Systems but included in systems delivered by FLIR Systems to the original purchaser, carry the warranty, if any, of the particular supplier only. FLIR Systems has no responsibility whatsoever for such products.

The warranty extends only to the original purchaser and is not transferable. It is not applicable to any product which has been subjected to misuse, neglect, accident or abnormal conditions of operation. Expendable parts are excluded from the warranty.

In the case of a defect in a product covered by this warranty the product must not be further used in order to prevent additional damage. The purchaser shall promptly report any defect to FLIR Systems or this warranty will not apply.

FLIR Systems will, at its option, repair or replace any such defective product free of charge if, upon inspection, it proves to be defective in material or workmanship and provided that it is returned to FLIR Systems within the said one-year period.

FLIR Systems has no other obligation or liability for defects than those set forth above. No other warranty is expressed or implied. FLIR Systems specifically disclaims the im-

plied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. FLIR Systems shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequen-

tial loss or damage, whether based on contract, tort or any other legal theory. This warranty shall be governed by Swedish law. Any dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or in connection with this warranty, shall

be finally settled by arbitration in accordance with the Rules of the Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce. The place of arbitration shall be Stockholm. The language to be used in the arbitral proceedings shall be English.

1.2 Usage statistics

FLIR Systems reserves the right to gather anonymous usage statistics to help maintain and improve the quality of our software and services.

1.3 Changes to registry

The registry entry HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa \LmCompatibilityLevel will be automatically changed to level 2 if the FLIR Camera Monitor service detects a FLIR camera connected to the computer with a USB cable. The modification will only be executed if the camera device implements a remote network service that supports network logons.

1.4 U.S. Government Regulations

This product may be subject to U.S. Export Regulations. Please send any inquiries to exportquestions@flir.com.

1.5 Copyright

© 2014, FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No parts of the software including source code may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed or translated into any language or computer language in any form or by any means, electronic, magnetic, optical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written permission of FLIR Systems.

The documentation must not, in whole or part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated or transmitted to any electronic medium or machine readable form without prior consent, in writing, from FLIR Systems.

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Legal disclaimer1

Names and marks appearing on the products herein are either registered trademarks or trademarks of FLIR Systems and/or its subsidiaries. All other trademarks, trade names or company names referenced herein are used for identification only and are the property of their respective owners.

1.6 Quality assurance

The Quality Management System under which these products are developed and manufactured has been certified in accordance with the ISO 9001 standard.

FLIR Systems is committed to a policy of continuous development; therefore we reserve the right to make changes and improvements on any of the products without prior notice.

1.7 Patents

One or several of the following patents and/or design patents may apply to the products and/or features. Additional pending patents and/or pending design patents may also apply.

000279476-0001; 000439161; 000499579-0001; 000653423; 000726344; 000859020; 001106306-0001; 001707738; 001707746; 001707787; 001776519; 001954074; 002021543; 002058180; 002249953; 002531178; 0600574-8; 1144833; 1182246; 1182620; 1285345; 1299699; 1325808; 1336775; 1391114; 1402918; 1404291; 1411581; 1415075; 1421497; 1458284; 1678485; 1732314; 2106017; 2107799; 2381417; 3006596; 3006597; 466540; 483782; 484155; 4889913; 5177595;

60122153.2; 602004011681.5-08; 6707044; 68657; 7034300; 7110035; 7154093; 7157705; 7237946; 7312822; 7332716; 7336823; 7544944; 7667198; 7809258 B2; 7826736; 8,153,971; 8018649 B2; 8212210 B2; 8289372; 8354639 B2; 8384783; 8520970; 8565547; 8595689; 8599262; 8654239; 8680468; 8803093; D540838; D549758; D579475; D584755; D599,392; D615,113; D664,580; D664,581; D665,004; D665,440; D677298; D710,424 S; DI6702302-9; DI6903617-9; DI7002221-6; DI7002891-5; DI7002892-3; DI7005799-0; DM/057692; DM/061609; EP 2115696 B1; EP2315433; SE 0700240-5; US 8340414 B2; ZL 201330267619.5; ZL01823221.3; ZL01823226.4; ZL02331553.9; ZL02331554.7; ZL200480034894.0; ZL200530120994.2; ZL200610088759.5; ZL200630130114.4; ZL200730151141.4; ZL200730339504.7; ZL200820105768.8; ZL200830128581.2; ZL200880105236.4; ZL200880105769.2; ZL200930190061.9; ZL201030176127.1; ZL201030176130.3; ZL201030176157.2; ZL201030595931.3; ZL201130442354.9; ZL201230471744.3; ZL201230620731.8.

1.8 EULATerms

• You have acquired a device (“INFRARED CAMERA”) that includes software licensed by FLIR Systems AB from Microsoft Licensing, GP or its affiliates (“MS”). Those installed software products of MS origin, as well as associated media, printed materials, and “online” or electronic documentation (“SOFTWARE”) are protected by international intellectual property laws and treaties. The SOFTWARE is licensed, not sold. All rights reserved.

• IF YOU DO NOTAGREE TO THIS END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT (“EULA”), DO NOT USE THE DEVICE OR COPY THE SOFTWARE. INSTEAD, PROMPTLY CONTACT FLIR Systems AB FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON RETURN OF THE UNUSED DEVICE(S) FOR A REFUND. ANY USE OF THE SOFTWARE, INCLUDING BUT NOT

LIMITED TO USE ON THE DEVICE, WILL CONSTITUTE YOUR AGREEMENT TO THIS EULA (OR RATIFICATION OF ANY PREVIOUS CONSENT).

• GRANT OF SOFTWARE LICENSE. This EULA grants you the following license:

• You may use the SOFTWARE only on the DEVICE.

• NOT FAULT TOLERANT. THE SOFTWARE IS NOT FAULT TOLERANT. FLIR Sys-

tems AB HAS INDEPENDENTLY DETERMINED HOW TO USE THE SOFTWARE IN THE DEVICE, AND MS HAS RELIED UPON FLIR Systems AB TO CONDUCT SUFFICIENT TESTING TO DETERMINE THAT THE SOFTWARE IS SUITABLE FOR SUCH USE.

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Legal disclaimer1

• NO WARRANTIES FOR THE SOFTWARE. THE SOFTWARE is provided “AS IS”

and with all faults. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO SATISFACTORY QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, ACCURACY, AND EFFORT (INCLUDING LACK OF NEGLIGENCE) IS WITH YOU. ALSO, THERE IS NO WARRANTYAGAINST INTERFERENCE WITH YOUR ENJOYMENT OF THE SOFTWARE OR AGAINST INFRINGEMENT.

IF YOU HAVE RECEIVED ANY WARRANTIES REGARDING THE DEVICE OR THE SOFTWARE, THOSE WARRANTIES DO NOT ORIGINATE FROM, AND ARE NOT BINDING ON, MS.

• No Liability for Certain Damages. EXCEPT AS PROHIBITED BY LAW, MS SHALL

HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES ARISING FROM OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE. THIS LIMITATION SHALL APPLY EVEN IF ANY REMEDY FAILS OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL MS BE LIABLE FOR ANY AMOUNT IN EXCESS OF U.S. TWO HUNDRED FIFTY DOLLARS (U.S.$250.00).

• Limitations on Reverse Engineering, Decompilation, and Disassembly. You

may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the SOFTWARE, except and only to the extent that such activity is expressly permitted by applicable law notwithstanding this limitation.

• SOFTWARE TRANSFER ALLOWED BUT WITH RESTRICTIONS. You may per-

manently transfer rights under this EULA only as part of a permanent sale or transfer of the Device, and only if the recipient agrees to this EULA. If the SOFTWARE is an upgrade, any transfer must also include all prior versions of the SOFTWARE.

• EXPORT RESTRICTIONS. You acknowledge that SOFTWARE is subject to U.S.

export jurisdiction. You agree to comply with all applicable international and national laws that apply to the SOFTWARE, including the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, as well as end-user, end-use and destination restrictions issued by U. S. and other governments. For additional information see http://www.microsoft. com/exporting/.

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Safety information

WARNING

Make sure that you read all applicable MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets) and warning labels on containers before you use a liquid. The liquids can be dangerous. Injury to persons can occur.

CAUTION

Do not point the infrared camera (with or without the lens cover) at strong energy sources, for example, devices that cause laser radiation, or the sun. This can have an unwanted effect on the accuracy of the camera. It can also cause damage to the detector in the camera.

CAUTION

Do not use the camera in temperatures more than +50°C (+122°F), unless other information is specified in the user documentation or technical data. High temperatures can cause damage to the camera.

CAUTION

Do not apply solvents or equivalent liquids to the camera, the cables, or other items. Damage to the battery and injury to persons can occur.

CAUTION

Be careful when you clean the infrared lens. The lens has an anti-reflective coating which is easily damaged. Damage to the infrared lens can occur.

CAUTION

Do not use too much force to clean the infrared lens. This can cause damage to the anti-reflective coating.

CAUTION

Applicability: Cameras with an automatic shutter that can be disabled.

Do not disable the automatic shutter in the camera for a long time period (a maximum of 30 minutes is typical). If you disable the shutter for a longer time period, damage to the detector can occur.

NOTE

The encapsulation rating is only applicable when all the openings on the camera are sealed with their correct covers, hatches, or caps. This includes the compartments for data storage, batteries, and connectors.

CAUTION

Applicability: Cameras where you can remove the lens and expose the infrared detector.

Do not use the pressurized air from the pneumatic air systems in a workshop when you remove dust from the detector. The air contains oil mist to lubricate the pneumatic tools and the pressure is too high. Damage to the detector can occur.

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Notice to user

3.1 User-to-user forums

Exchange ideas, problems, and infrared solutions with fellow thermographers around the world in our user-to-user forums. To go to the forums, visit:

http://www.infraredtraining.com/community/boards/

3.2 Calibration

FLIR Systems recommends that you verify your calibration yearly. You can verify the calibration yourself or with the help of a FLIR Systems Partner. If preferred, FLIR Systems offers a calibration, adjustment, and general maintenance service.

3.3 Accuracy

For very accurate results, we recommend that you wait 5 minutes after you have started the camera before measuring a temperature.

3.4 Disposal of electronic waste

As with most electronic products, this equipment must be disposed of in an environmentally friendly way, and in accordance with existing regulations for electronic waste.

Please contact your FLIR Systems representative for more details.

3.5 Training

To read about infrared training, visit:

• http://www.infraredtraining.com

• http://www.irtraining.com

• http://www.irtraining.eu

3.6 Documentation updates

Our manuals are updated several times per year, and we also issue product-critical notifications of changes on a regular basis.

To access the latest manuals and notifications, go to the Download tab at: http://support.flir.com It only takes a few minutes to register online. In the download area you will also find the

latest releases of manuals for our other products, as well as manuals for our historical and obsolete products.

3.7 Important note about this manual

FLIR Systems issues generic manuals that cover several cameras within a model line. This means that this manual may contain descriptions and explanations that do not apply

to your particular camera model.

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Customer help

4.1 General

For customer help, visit: http://support.flir.com

4.2 Submitting a question

To submit a question to the customer help team, you must be a registered user. It only takes a few minutes to register online. If you only want to search the knowledgebase for existing questions and answers, you do not need to be a registered user.

When you want to submit a question, make sure that you have the following information to hand:

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Customer help

• The camera model

• The camera serial number

• The communication protocol, or method, between the camera and your device (for example, HDMI, Ethernet, USB, or FireWire)

• Device type (PC/Mac/iPhone/iPad/Android device, etc.)

• Version of any programs from FLIR Systems

• Full name, publication number, and revision number of the manual

4.3 Downloads

On the customer help site you can also download the following:

• Firmware updates for your infrared camera.

• Program updates for your PC/Mac software.

• Freeware and evaluation versions of PC/Mac software.

• User documentation for current, obsolete, and historical products.

• Mechanical drawings (in *.dxf and *.pdf format).

• Cad data models (in *.stp format).

• Application stories.

• Technical datasheets.

• Product catalogs.

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List of accessories and services

Part number Product name

T199803 Calibration including General maintenance A3xx,

A3xxsc series

T199831

Calibration including General maintenance A6xx, A6xxsc series (fixed cameras)

T197870ACC Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series T197415

Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

T197214 Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

T197215 Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

T198066

Close-up IR lens, 1.5× (25 µm) with case

T198059

Close-up IR lens, 2.9× (50 µm) with case

T198060

Close-up IR lens, 5.8× (100 µm) with case

T951004ACC Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

T126889ACC Filter holder for A6xx lenses 61301-0002

Fixed Housing for A3xx 25°/45°/90°

61301-0001

Fixed Housing for A3xx 7°/15°

DSW-10000 FLIR IR Camera Player

T198578 FLIR ResearchIR 3 (license only)

T198574 FLIR ResearchIR 3 Max (license only)

T198697 FLIR ResearchIR Max + HSDR 4 T198696 FLIR ResearchIR Max 4 T198731 FLIR ResearchIR Standard 4 T198584 FLIR Tools APP-10002 FLIR Tools Mobile (Android Application)

APP-10003 FLIR Tools Mobile (iPad/iPhone Application)

T198583 FLIR Tools+ (license only)

T197871ACC Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

T197896

High temp option +300°C to 2000°C (+572°F to 3632°F) for FLIR A6xxsc and T6xx

T197000

High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/ B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx, A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

T197411 IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting sup-

port for A3xx, A3xxsc

T197407 IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting sup-

port for A3xx, A3xxsc

1196960

IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

1196961

IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

T197915 IR lens, f=13.1 mm (45°) with case

T197922 IR lens, f=24.6 mm (25°) with case

T197914 IR lens, f=41.3 mm (15°) with case

T198065 IR lens, f=6.5 mm (80°) with case

T198165 IR lens, f=88.9 mm (7°) with case and support for

A6xx/A6xxsc

ITC-ADV-3021 ITC Advanced General Thermography Course -

attendance, 1 pers.

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List of accessories and services

Part number Product name

ITC-ADV-3029 ITC Advanced General Thermography Course-

group of 10 pers.

ITC-ADV-3061 ITC Advanced Thermal applications course - at-

tendance 1 pers. (3 days)

ITC-ADV-3069 ITC Advanced Thermal applications course -

group up to 10 pers. (3 days)

ITC-ADV-3041 ITC Advanced Thermal measurements (R&D) - at-

tendance 1 pers. (2 days)

ITC-ADV-3046 ITC Advanced Thermal Measurements (R&D) -

group up to 6 pers. (2 days)

ITC-ADV-3006 ITC Advanced training - group of max. 6 pers, ad-

ditional day 3 for on-site training,

ITC-CON-1001 ITC conference fee ITC-EXP-1041 ITC Customized workshop - per person (per day)

ITC-PRO-2004 ITC In-house R&D training ATS products - group

up to 4 pers. (2 days)

ITC-EXP-1021 ITC In-house training - additional attendance 1

pers. (per day)

ITC-EXP-1029 ITC In-house training - group up to 10 pers. (per

day)

ITC-EXP-1050 ITC Infrared application and system consultancy

(per day)

ITC-CER-5105 ITC Level 1 Thermography Course - additional

student to on site class, 1 pers

ITC-CER-5101 ITC Level 1 Thermography Course - attendance,

1 pers.

ITC-CER-5109 ITC Level 1 Thermography Course – group of 10

pers.

ITC-CER-5205 ITC Level 2 Thermography Course - additional

student to on site class, 1 pers

ITC-CER-5201 ITC Level 2 Thermography Course - attendance,

1 pers.

ITC-CER-5209 ITC Level 2 Thermography Course – group of 10

pers.

ITC-EXP-2036 ITC R&D basics for industry users - group up to 6

pers. (2 days)

ITC-EXP-2025 ITC Short course Fever Screening - additional stu-

dent to on site class (2 days)

ITC-EXP-2021 ITC Short course Fever Screening - attendance 1

pers. (2 days)

ITC-EXP-2029 ITC Short course Fever Screening - inclusive 10

pers. (2 days)

ITC-EXP-1019 ITC Short course Introduction to thermography -

inclusive 10 pers. (1 day)

ITC-EXP-1011 ITC Short course Introduction to thermography

-attendance 1 pers. (1 day)

ITC-EXP-3006 ITC Short courses - group of max. 6 pers, addi-

tional day 3 for on-site training

ITC-SOW-0001 ITC Software course - attendance 1 pers. (per

day)

ITC-SOW-0009 ITC Software course - group up to 10 pers. (per

day)

ITC-EXP-1001 ITC Training 1 day - attendance 1 pers.

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List of accessories and services

Part number Product name

ITC-EXP-1009 ITC Training 1 day - group up to 10 pers.

ITC-EXP-2001 ITC Training 2 days - attendance 1 pers.

ITC-EXP-2009 ITC Training 2 days - group up to 10 pers.

ITC-EXP-3001 ITC Training 3 days - attendance 1 pers.

ITC-EXP-3009 ITC Training 3 days - group up to 10 pers.

ITC-TFT-0100 ITC travel time for instructor T199819 One year extended warranty for A3xx, A3xxsc

series

T199827 One year extended warranty for A6xx, A6xxsc

series

1910586ACC Power cable, pigtailed

1910400 Power cord EU 1910402 Power cord UK 1910401

Power cord US

T911182 Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

T910922 Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc,

A6xx and A6xxsc

T198566

ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver.

3.3

T198567 ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

ITC-TOL-1003 Travel and lodging expenses instructor (Center

and South Africa)

ITC-TOL-1001 Travel and lodging expenses instructor (Europe,

Balcans, Turkey, Cyprus)

ITC-TOL-1005 Travel and lodging expenses instructor (other)

ITC-TOL-1002 Travel and lodging expenses instructor (Russia/

GUS, Middle East, North Africa)

ITC-TOL-1004 Travel and lodging expenses instructor (various)

1910423

USB cable Std A <-> Mini-B

908929

Video cable, 3.0 m/9.8 ft.

NOTE

FLIR Systems reserves the right to discontinue models, parts or accessories, and other items, or to change specifications at any time without prior notice.

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Installation

6.1 General information

6.1.1 Explanation

The following programs are included on the ThermoVision System Tools & Utilities application CD:

• FLIR IP Config: A set-up and configuration program to detect and find FLIR automation and science cameras on a network and automatically assign or manually set IP addresses.

• FLIR IR Monitor: A program to control FLIR automation and science cameras on a network. You typically use FLIR IR Monitor to change camera settings, lay out measurement tools on the screen, set up alarms, etc.

• FLIR IR Camera Player: A PC-based remote control and video player for IR cameras from FLIR Systems.

• A link to a web installation of FLIR AXXX Control & Image Interfaces: An installation that includes Interface Control Documents (ICDs), user documentation and C-code examples. We recommend that you read through the documentation.

6.1.2 Default installation paths

• C:\Program Files\FLIR Systems\FLIR IP Config

• C:\Program Files\FLIR Systems\FLIR IR Monitor

• C:\Program Files\FLIR Systems\FLIR IR Camera Player

• C:\Program Files\FLIR Systems\AXXX Control & Image Interfaces

NOTE

Functionality in the PC programs is dependent on the camera model.

6.2 System requirements

6.2.1 Operating system

• Microsoft Windows XP Professional, with Service Pack 2 (SP2).

• Microsoft Windows Vista Ultimate 32-bit.

• Microsoft Windows 7, 32-bit and 64-bit.

6.2.2 Hardware

• Personal computer with a 2 GHz 32-bit or 64-bit processor.

• 1 GB of RAM or more.

• 20 GB of hard disk space.

• Super VGA (1024 × 768) or higher-resolution monitor.

• Support for DirectX 9 graphics with:

• WDDM driver

• 128 MB of graphics memory (minimum)

• Pixel Shader 2.0 (in hardware)

• 32 bits per pixel.

• DVD-ROM drive.

• Audio output.

• Keyboard and Microsoft mouse, or a compatible pointing device.

6.2.3 Software

Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 or later.

6.2.4 More information

For specific information about system requirements for the operating systems mentioned above, visit http://www.microsoft.com/windows/.

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Installation6

6.3 Installation

6.3.1 General

Last-minute changes and other important information can be found in the read-me file on the CD-ROM. We recommend that you read this file before you install the programs.

NOTE

• If you experience problems during the installation, visit our Customer Help at http://support.flir.com.

• You must be an Administrator or a user with Administrative Rights to install the programs.

• A complete installation consists of several subinstallations, some of which are from third-party vendors. Do not abort these subinstallations, as they are needed for the complete installation.

• A complete installation can take up to 10 minutes to complete.

6.3.2 Procedure

Follow this procedure:

1. Close down all applications.

2. Insert the ThermoVision System Tools & Utilities CD-ROM into the CD drive on the computer. The installation should start automatically.

Should the installation not start automatically, start Windows Explorer and doubleclick SETUP.HTM on the CD-ROM.

3. Click one of the following:

• Install FLIR IP Config.

• Install FLIR IR Monitor.

• Install FLIR IR Camera Player.

• Install AXXX Control & Image Interfaces.

4. Follow the on-screen instructions.

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Mechanical installation

7.1 Mounting interfaces

The camera unit has been designed to allow it to be installed in any position. The housing has three mounting interfaces—bottom, left, and right—each with the following threaded holes.

• 2 × M4 metric threaded holes.

• 1 × UNC ¼20 standard tripod mount.

7.2 Notes on permanent installation

If the camera unit is to be permanently installed at the application site, certain steps are required.

The camera unit might need to be enclosed in a protective housing and, depending on the ambient conditions (e.g., temperature), the housing may need to be cooled or heated by water or air.

In very dusty conditions the installation might also need to have a stream of pressurized air directed at the lens, in order to prevent dust build-up.

7.3 Vibrations

When installing the camera unit in harsh industrial environments, every precaution should be taken when securing the unit.

If the environment exposes the unit to severe vibrations, there may be a need to secure the mounting screws by means of Loctite or another industrial brand of thread-locking liquid, as well as to dampen the vibrations by mounting the camera unit on a specially designed base.

7.4 Further information

For further information regarding installation recommendations and environmental enclosures, contact FLIR Systems.

7.5 Cable strain relief

In installations were the camera is subject to vibrations or shocks the power cord may need an external strain relief arrangement to avoid power port failure.

The following pictures show two examples on how cable strain relief of the power cord can be solved.

Example 1, cable strain relief with zip ties.

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Mechanical installation

Example 2, cable strain relief with cable clamps.

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Mounting and removing lenses

8.1 Mounting an additional infrared lens

NOTE

Do not touch the lens surface when you mount an infrared lens. If this happens, clean the lens according to the instructions in section 16.2 Infrared lens, page 72.

8.1.1 Procedure

Follow this procedure to mount an additional infrared lens:

1. Push the lens release button to unlock the lens ring. The lens ring is made of plastic and holds the plastic lens cap.

2. Rotate the lens ring 30° counter-clockwise (looking at the front of the lens).

3. Carefully pull out the lens ring from the bayonet ring.

4. Correctly position the lens in front of the bayonet ring.

5. Carefully push the lens into position.

6. Rotate the lens 30° clockwise (looking at the front of the lens).

8.2 Removing an additional infrared lens

NOTE

• Do not touch the lens surface when you remove an infrared lens. If this happens, clean the lens according to the instructions in section 16.2 Infrared lens, page 72.

• When you have removed the lens, put the lens caps on the lens immediately, to protect it from dust and fingerprints.

8.2.1 Procedure

Follow this procedure to remove an additional infrared lens:

1. Push the lens release button to unlock the lens.

2. Rotate the lens counter-clockwise 30° (looking at the front of the lens).

3. Carefully pull out the lens from the bayonet ring.

4. Correctly position the lens ring in front of the bayonet ring.

5. Carefully push the lens ring into position.

6. Rotate the lens ring 30° clockwise (looking at the front of the lens).

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Connectors, controls, and indicators

9.1 FLIR A3xx series

9.2 Explanation

1. Network cable with an RJ45 connector for Ethernet connectivity and Power over Ethernet (PoE) (dependent on the camera model)

NOTE

Only CAT-6 Ethernet cables should be used with this camera.

2. Video cable with a BNC connector for CVBS (composite video) output (dependent on the camera model).

3. Power cable for 12–24 V DC power in.

NOTE

The power connector on the camera is polarity protected.

4. Digital I/O ports, opto-isolated (six-pole screw terminal).

A.Power indicator. B.Hardware reset button (for a factory default reset).

Use an unbent paper clip or a similar tool to press the reset button through the small hole on the back of the camera for 5 seconds, then release the button.

9.3 FLIR A3xx sc series

9.4 Explanation

1. Network cable with an RJ45 connector for Ethernet connectivity and PoE (dependent on the camera model).

NOTE

Only CAT-6 Ethernet cables should be used with this camera.

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Connectors, controls, and indicators

2. Power cable for 12–24 V DC power in.

NOTE

The power connector on the camera is polarity protected.

3. Digital I/O ports, opto-isolated (six-pole screw terminal).

A.Power indicator.

NOTE

The LEDs indicate the following:

B.Hardware reset button (for a factory default reset).

Use an unbent paper clip or a similar tool to press the reset button through the small hole on the back of the camera for 5 seconds, then release the button.

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Example system overviews

10.1 FLIR A3xx series

10.1.1 Figure

10.1.2 Explanation

1. Computer.

2. CAT-6 Ethernet cable with RJ45 connectors.

3. Industrial Ethernet switches with fiber-optic ports.

4. Fiber-optic cable.

5. FLIR A3xx cameras.

6. Industrial process to be monitored, e.g., items on a conveyor belt.

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Example system overviews10

10.1.3 Figure

10.1.4 Explanation

1. Computer.

2. CAT-6 Ethernet cable with RJ45 connectors.

3. Industrial Ethernet switch.

4. FLIR A3xx cameras.

5. Industrial process to be monitored, e.g., a gasifier.

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Example system overviews10

10.1.5 Figure

10.1.6 Explanation

1. Computer.

2. CAT-6 Ethernet cable with RJ45 connectors.

3. Industrial Ethernet switches with fiber optic ports.

4. Fiber-optic cable.

5. Wireless access points.

6. CAT-6 Ethernet cable with RJ45 connectors—powering the camera using PoE (dependent on the camera model).

7. Industrial Ethernet switch.

8. FLIR A3xx cameras.

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Example system overviews10

10.2 FLIR A3xx sc series

10.2.1 Figure

10.2.2 Explanation

1. Computer.

2. CAT-6 Ethernet cable with RJ45 connectors.

3. Laboratory set-up with a FLIR A3xx sc camera.

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Temperature screening

11.1 Applicability

This section applies to the following camera models:

• FLIR A320 Tempscreen (30 Hz).

• FLIR A320 Tempscreen (9 Hz).

11.2 Description of the function

The screening function in allows you to screen a large number of persons for facial temperatures that lie above a set reference temperature.

When an elevated temperature is detected, the camera will trigger a visible and/or audible alarm.

NOTE

• You can change the temperature by 2°C (3.6°F) (described below) using the Screening tab in FLIR IR Monitor (included on the ThermoVision System Tools & Utilities 1.5.1 HF2 (1.5.1.16)). HF2 can be downloaded from http://support.flir.com.

• The camera should run for at least 30 minutes before carrying out measurements.

• The distance to the face should be adapted so that the face covers more than 75% of the image width.

11.3 Procedure

Follow this procedure:

1. Connect the camera to a video monitor.

2. Connect the camera to power.

3. Connect the IN 1 port to +10–30 V DC, using cables and an NO (normally open) electrical switch.

4. Aim the camera at a face (at the inner corner of an eye) that is assumed to have a normal temperature. Close the switch for a period of less than 2 seconds to acquire a temperature sample. Repeat this procedure on at least 10 faces that are assumed to have a normal temperature. You have now set the reference temperature. If you want to reset or restart the reference temperature, close the switch for a period of more than 2 seconds. See the schematic drawing on the next page for set-up details.

5. You can now begin screening. Aim the camera at the faces of people whose facial temperature you want to screen (at the inner corner of the eye). If a person’s facial temperature is more than 2°C (3.6°F) above the set reference temperature, an alarm will be triggered.

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Temperature screening11

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Network troubleshooting

Try one of the following if you experience network problems:

• Reset the modem and unplug and replug the Ethernet cable at both ends.

• Reboot the computer with the cables connected.

• Swap your Ethernet cable with another cable that is either brand new or known to be

in working condition.

• Connect your Ethernet cable to a different wall socket. If you are still not able to get

online, you are probably experiencing a configuration issue.

• Verify your IP address.

• Disable network bridging.

• Disable your Wi-Fi connectivity (if you use it) to ensure that the wired Ethernet port is

open.

• Renew the DHCP license.

• Make sure that the firewall is turned off when you troubleshoot.

• Make sure that your wireless adapter is switched off. If not, the search for the camera

might only look for a wireless connection.

• Normally a computer will handle both crossed and uncrossed cable types automati-

cally, but for troubleshooting purposes try both or use a switch.

• Turn off any network adapters that are not connected to the camera.

• For troubleshooting purposes, power both the camera and the computer using a

mains adapter. Some laptops turn off the network card to save power when using the battery.

If none of these steps help you, contact your ISP.

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Technical data

13.1 Online field-of-view calculator

Please visit http://support.flir.com and click the FLIR A3xx/A3xx sc camera for field-ofview tables for all lens–camera combinations in this camera series.

13.2 Note about technical data

FLIR Systems reserves the right to change specifications at any time without prior notice. Please check http://support.flir.com for latest changes.

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Technical data13

13.3 FLIR A300

P/N: 48201-1001 Rev.: 22369

General description

The FLIR A300 offers an affordable and accurate temperature measurement solution for anyone who needs to solve problems that do not call for the highest speed or reaction and who uses a PC. Due to its composite video output, it is also an excellent choice for thermal image automation applications, where you can utilize its unique properties such as looking through steam.

Key features:

• MPEG-4 streaming.

• PoE (Power over Ethernet).

• Built-in web server.

• General purpose I/O.

• 100 Mbps Ethernet (100 m cable, wireless, fiber, etc.).

• Synchronization through SNTP.

• Composite video output.

• Multi-camera utility software: FLIR IP Config and FLIR IR Monitor included.

• Open and well-described TCP/IP protocol for control and set-up.

• 16-bit 320 × 240 pixel images at 3 Hz, radiometric.

• Lenses: 25° included, 15° and 45° optional.

Typical applications:

• Fire prevention, critical vessel monitoring, and power utility asset management.

• Volume-oriented industrial control (multi-camera installation is possible).

Imaging and optical data

IR resolution 320 × 240 pixels

Thermal sensitivity/NETD < 0.05°C @ +30°C (+86°F) / 50 mK

Field of view (FOV)

25° × 18.8°

Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.31 ft.)

Focal length 18 mm (0.7 in.)

Spatial resolution (IFOV) 1.36 mrad

Lens identification Automatic F-number 1.3 Image frequency 30 Hz

Focus Automatic or manual (built in motor)

Zoom 1–8× continuous, digital, interpolating zooming on

images

Detector data

Detector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooled

microbolometer

Spectral range

7.5–13 µm

Detector pitch 25 µm

Detector time constant Typical 12 ms

Measurement

Object temperature range

• –20 to +120°C (–4 to +248°F)

• 0 to +350°C (+32 to +662°F)

Accuracy

±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading

Set-up

Color palettes Color palettes (BW, BW inv, Iron, Rain)

Set-up commands Date/time, Temperature°C/°F

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Technical data13

Storage of images

Storage media Built-in memory for image storage

File formats Standard JPEG, 16-bit measurement data

included

Ethernet

Ethernet Control and image

Ethernet, type 100 Mbps

Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3

Ethernet, connector type RJ-45

Ethernet, communication TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary

Ethernet, video streaming MPEG-4, ISO/IEC 14496-1 MPEG-4 ASP@L5

Ethernet, image streaming 16-bit 320 × 240 pixels @ 3 Hz

• Radiometric

Ethernet, power Power over Ethernet, PoE IEEE 802.3af class 0.

NOTE: In cameras manufactured before 2013, due to an error in the implementation of power over Ethernet, in some rare cases the camera will not be powered. In such cases, power the camera using the external power cable, or modify the camera according to Service bulletin SB14-006. For modification, please contact your local service department. See http://support.flir.com/service for contact details.

Ethernet, protocols TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP, RTP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP,

ftp, SMTP, SMB (CIFS), DHCP, MDNS (Bonjour), uPnP

Digital input/output

Digital input, purpose Image tag (start/stop/general), Input ext. device

(programmatically read)

Digital input 2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC

Digital output, purpose Output to ext. device (programmatically set)

Digital output

2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC, max 100 mA

Digital I/O, isolation voltage 500 VRMS

Digital I/O, supply voltage 12/24 VDC, max 200 mA

Digital I/O, connector type 6-pole jackable screw terminal

Composite video

Video out Composite video output, PAL and NTSC

compatible

Video, standard CVBS (ITU-R-BT.470 PAL/SMPTE 170M NTSC)

Video, connector type Standard BNC connector

Power system

External power operation 12/24 VDC, 24 W absolute max

External power, connector type 2-pole jackable screw terminal

Voltage

Allowed range 10–30 VDC

Environmental data

Operating temperature range –15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F)

Storage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)

Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°C

to +40°C (+77°F to +104°F)

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Technical data13

Environmental data

EMC

• EN 61000-6-2:2001 (Immunity)

• EN 61000-6-3:2001 (Emission)

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)

Encapsulation IP 40 (IEC 60529)

Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27)

Vibration

2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)

Physical data

Weight 0.7 kg (1.54 lb.)

Camera size (L × W × H) 170 × 70 × 70 mm (6.7 × 2.8 × 2.8 in.)

Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20 (on three sides)

Base mounting 2 × M4 thread mounting holes (on three sides)

Housing material Aluminum

Shipping information

Packaging, type

Cardboard box

List of contents

• Infrared camera with lens

• Ethernet cable

• FLIR Tools download card

• Mains cable

• Power cable, pig-tailed

• Power supply

• Printed documentation

• User documentation CD-ROM

• Utility CD-ROM

Packaging, weight

Packaging, size 495 × 370 × 192 mm (19.5 × 14.6 × 7.6 in.)

EAN-13 7332558003336 UPC-12

845188003081

Country of origin Sweden

Supplies & accessories:

• 1196961; IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

• 1196960; IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

• T197215; Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

• T197214; Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

• T197407; IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197411; IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197415; Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197000; High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx,

A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

• 1910400; Power cord EU

• 1910401; Power cord US

• 1910402; Power cord UK

• T910922; Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc, A6xx and A6xxsc

• T911182; Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

• 908929; Video cable, 3.0 m/9.8 ft.

• T951004ACC; Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

• 1910586ACC; Power cable, pigtailed

• T197871ACC; Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

• T197870ACC; Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series

• 61301-0002; Fixed Housing for A3xx 25°/45°/90°

• 61301-0001; Fixed Housing for A3xx 7°/15°

• T198584; FLIR Tools

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Technical data13

• T198583; FLIR Tools+ (license only)

• DSW-10000; FLIR IR Camera Player

• APP-10002; FLIR Tools Mobile (Android Application)

• T198567; ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

• T198566; ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver. 3.3

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Technical data13

13.4 FLIR A300 (9 Hz)

P/N: 42701-1001 Rev.: 22369

General description

The FLIR A300 (9 Hz) provides an affordable and accurate temperature measurement solution for anyone who needs to solve problems that do not call for the highest speed or reaction and who uses a PC. Due to its composite video output, it is also an excellent choice for thermal image automation applications, where you can utilize its unique properties such as looking through steam.

Key features:

• MPEG-4 streaming.

• PoE (Power over Ethernet).

• Built-in web server.

• General purpose I/O.

• 100 Mbps Ethernet (100 m cable, wireless, fiber, etc.).

• Synchronization through SNTP.

• Composite video output.

• Multi-camera utility software: FLIR IP Config and FLIR IR Monitor included.

• Open and well-described TCP/IP protocol for control and set-up.

• 16-bit 320 × 240 pixel images at 3 Hz, radiometric.

• Lenses: 25° included, 15° and 45° optional.

Typical applications:

• Fire prevention, critical vessel monitoring, and power utility asset management.

• Volume-oriented industrial control (multi-camera installation is possible).

Imaging and optical data

IR resolution 320 × 240 pixels

Thermal sensitivity/NETD < 0.05°C @ +30°C (+86°F) / 50 mK

Field of view (FOV)

25° × 18.8°

Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.31 ft.)

Focal length 18 mm (0.7 in.)

Spatial resolution (IFOV)

1.36 mrad

Lens identification Automatic F-number 1.3 Image frequency 9 Hz

Focus Automatic or manual (built in motor)

Zoom 1–8× continuous, digital, interpolating zooming on

images

Detector data

Detector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooled

microbolometer

Spectral range

7.5–13 µm

Detector pitch 25 µm

Detector time constant Typical 12 ms

Measurement

Object temperature range

• –20 to +120°C (–4 to +248°F)

• 0 to +350°C (+32 to +662°F)

Accuracy ±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading

Set-up

Color palettes Color palettes (BW, BW inv, Iron, Rain)

Set-up commands Date/time, Temperature°C/°F

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Technical data13

Storage of images

Storage media Built-in memory for image storage

File formats Standard JPEG, 16-bit measurement data

included

Ethernet

Ethernet Control and image

Ethernet, type 100 Mbps

Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3

Ethernet, connector type RJ-45

Ethernet, communication TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary

Ethernet, video streaming MPEG-4, ISO/IEC 14496-1 MPEG-4 ASP@L5

Ethernet, image streaming 16-bit 320 × 240 pixels @ 3 Hz

• Radiometric

Ethernet, power Power over Ethernet, PoE IEEE 802.3af class 0.

Ethernet, protocols TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP, RTP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP,

ftp, SMTP, SMB (CIFS), DHCP, MDNS (Bonjour), uPnP

Digital input/output

Digital input, purpose Image tag (start/stop/general), Input ext. device

(programmatically read)

Digital input 2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC

Digital output, purpose Output to ext. device (programmatically set)

Digital output

2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC, max 100 mA

Digital I/O, isolation voltage 500 VRMS

Digital I/O, supply voltage 12/24 VDC, max 200 mA

Digital I/O, connector type 6-pole jackable screw terminal

Composite video

Video out Composite video output, PAL and NTSC

compatible

Video, standard CVBS (ITU-R-BT.470 PAL/SMPTE 170M NTSC)

Video, connector type Standard BNC connector

Power system

External power operation 12/24 VDC, 24 W absolute max

External power, connector type 2-pole jackable screw terminal

Voltage

Allowed range 10–30 VDC

Environmental data

Operating temperature range –15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F)

Storage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)

Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°C

to +40°C (+77°F to +104°F)

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Technical data13

Environmental data

EMC

• EN 61000-6-2:2001 (Immunity)

• EN 61000-6-3:2001 (Emission)

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)

Encapsulation IP 40 (IEC 60529)

Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27)

Vibration

2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)

Physical data

Weight 0.7 kg (1.54 lb.)

Camera size (L × W × H) 170 × 70 × 70 mm (6.7 × 2.8 × 2.8 in.)

Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20 (on three sides)

Base mounting 2 × M4 thread mounting holes (on three sides)

Housing material Aluminum

Shipping information

Packaging, type

Cardboard box

List of contents

• Infrared camera with lens

• Ethernet cable

• FLIR Tools download card

• Mains cable

• Power cable, pig-tailed

• Power supply

• Printed documentation

• User documentation CD-ROM

• Utility CD-ROM

Packaging, weight

Packaging, size 495 × 370 × 192 mm (19.5 × 14.6 × 7.6 in.)

EAN-13 7332558003343 UPC-12

845188003098

Country of origin Sweden

Supplies & accessories:

• 1196961; IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

• 1196960; IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

• T197215; Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

• T197214; Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

• T197407; IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197411; IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197415; Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197000; High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx,

A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

• 1910400; Power cord EU

• 1910401; Power cord US

• 1910402; Power cord UK

• T910922; Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc, A6xx and A6xxsc

• T911182; Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

• 908929; Video cable, 3.0 m/9.8 ft.

• T951004ACC; Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

• 1910586ACC; Power cable, pigtailed

• T197871ACC; Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

• T197870ACC; Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series

• 61301-0002; Fixed Housing for A3xx 25°/45°/90°

• 61301-0001; Fixed Housing for A3xx 7°/15°

• T198584; FLIR Tools

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Technical data13

• T198583; FLIR Tools+ (license only)

• DSW-10000; FLIR IR Camera Player

• APP-10002; FLIR Tools Mobile (Android Application)

• T198567; ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

• T198566; ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver. 3.3

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Technical data13

13.5 FLIR A305sc

P/N: 42901-1001 Rev.: 22369

General description

The FLIR A305sc is an excellent choice for those working in R&D but who do not need the highest frame rates or a resolution higher than 320 × 240 pixels. When using the camera in R&D, it is highly recommended to use the FLIR ResearchIR software from FLIR Systems.

Key features:

• Affordable.

• 16-bit 320 × 240 pixel images at 9 Hz.

• Start-and-stop recording in FLIR ResearchIR using digital input.

• Lenses: 25° included, 15° and 45° optional.

Typical applications:

• Entry- or mid-level industrial R&D that doesn't need the highest-speed frame rates.

Imaging and optical data

IR resolution 320 × 240 pixels

Thermal sensitivity/NETD < 0.05°C @ +30°C (+86°F) / 50 mK

Field of view (FOV)

25° × 18.8°

Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.31 ft.)

Focal length 18 mm (0.7 in.)

Spatial resolution (IFOV)

1.36 mrad

Lens identification Automatic F-number 1.3 Image frequency 9 Hz

Focus Automatic or manual (built in motor)

Detector data

Detector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooled

microbolometer

Spectral range

7.5–13 µm

Detector pitch 25 µm

Detector time constant Typical 12 ms

Measurement

Object temperature range

• –20 to +120°C (–4 to +248°F)

• 0 to +350°C (+32 to +662°F)

Accuracy

±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading

Measurement analysis

Atmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-

pheric temperature and relative humidity

Optics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensors

Emissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0

Reflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflected

temperature

External optics/windows correction Automatic, based on input of optics/window trans-

mission and temperature

Measurement corrections

Global object parameters

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Ethernet

Ethernet Control and image

Ethernet, type Gigabit Ethernet

Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3

Ethernet, connector type RJ-45

Ethernet, communication

TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary and GenICam protocol

Ethernet, image streaming 16-bit 320 × 240 pixels @ 9 Hz

• Signal linear

• Temperature linear

• Radiometric GigE Vision and GenICam compatible

Ethernet, protocols

TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP, RTP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP, ftp, SMTP, SMB (CIFS), DHCP, MDNS (Bonjour), uPnP

Digital input/output

Digital input, purpose Image tag (start, stop, general), Image flow ctrl.

(Stream on/off), Input ext. device (programmatically read)

Digital input

2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC

Digital output, purpose

Output to ext. device (programmatically set)

Digital output

2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC, max 100 mA

Digital I/O, isolation voltage 500 VRMS

Digital I/O, supply voltage 12/24 VDC, max 200 mA

Digital I/O, connector type

6-pole jackable screw terminal

Power system

External power operation 12/24 VDC, 24 W absolute max

External power, connector type 2-pole jackable screw terminal

Voltage

Allowed range 10–30 VDC

Environmental data

Operating temperature range –15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F)

Storage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)

Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°C

to +40°C (+77°F to +104°F)

EMC

• EN 61000-6-2:2001 (Immunity)

• EN 61000-6-3:2001 (Emission)

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)

Encapsulation IP 40 (IEC 60529)

Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27)

Vibration

2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)

Physical data

Weight 0.7 kg (1.54 lb.)

Camera size (L × W × H) 170 × 70 × 70 mm (6.7 × 2.8 × 2.8 in.)

Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20 (on three sides)

Base mounting 2 × M4 thread mounting holes (on three sides)

Housing material Aluminum

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Shipping information

Packaging, type

Cardboard box

List of contents

• Infrared camera with lens

• Ethernet cable

• FLIR ResearchIR Max 4 (licence only)

• FLIR Tools download card

• Hard transport case

• Mains cable

• Power cable, pig-tailed

• Power supply

• Printed documentation

• User documentation CD-ROM

Packaging, weight 4.95 kg (10.9 lb.)

Packaging, size 495 × 370 × 192 mm (19.5 × 14.6 × 7.6 in.)

EAN-13 7332558004227 UPC-12

845188004255

Country of origin Sweden

Supplies & accessories:

• 1196961; IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

• 1196960; IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

• T197215; Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

• T197214; Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

• T197407; IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197411; IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197415; Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197000; High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx,

A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

• 1910400; Power cord EU

• 1910401; Power cord US

• 1910402; Power cord UK

• T910922; Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc, A6xx and A6xxsc

• T911182; Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

• T951004ACC; Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

• 1910586ACC; Power cable, pigtailed

• T197871ACC; Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

• T197870ACC; Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series

• T198584; FLIR Tools

• T198583; FLIR Tools+ (license only)

• DSW-10000; FLIR IR Camera Player

• T198696; FLIR ResearchIR Max 4

• T198697; FLIR ResearchIR Max + HSDR 4

• T198578; FLIR ResearchIR 3 (license only)

• T198574; FLIR ResearchIR 3 Max (license only)

• T198731; FLIR ResearchIR Standard 4

• T198567; ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

• T198566; ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver. 3.3

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

13.6 FLIR A310

P/N: 48201-1101 Rev.: 22369

General description

The FLIR A310 offers an affordable and accurate temperature measurement solution for anyone who needs to solve problems that need built in “smartness” such as analysis, alarm functionality and autonomous communication using standard protocols. The FLIR A310 also has all the necessary features and functions to build distributed single- or multi-camera solutions utilizing standard Ethernet hardware and software protocols.

The FLIR A310 also has built in support to connect to industrial control equipment such as PLCs, and allows for sharing of analysis and alarm results and simple control using the Ethernet/IP and Modbus TCP field bus protocols.

Key features:

• Support for EthernetIP field bus protocol (analyze, alarm, and simple camera control).

• Support for Modbus TCP field bus protocol (analyze, alarm, and simple camera control).

• Built-in extensive analysis functionality.

• Extensive alarm functionality, as a function of analysis and more.

• On schedule: file sending (FTP) or e-mail (SMTP) of analysis results or images.

• On alarms: file sending (FTP) or e-mail (SMTP) of analysis results or images.

• MPEG-4 streaming.

• PoE (Power over Ethernet).

• Built-in web server.

• General purpose I/O.

• 100 Mbps Ethernet (100 m cable, wireless, fiber, etc.).

• Synchronization through SNTP.

• Composite video output.

• Multi-camera utility software: FLIR IP Config and FLIR IR Monitor included.

• Open and well-described TCP/IP protocol for control and set-up.

• 16-bit 320 × 240 pixel images at 7–8 Hz, radiometric.

• Lenses: 25° included, 15° and 45° optional.

Typical applications:

• Safety with temperature alarms (multi-camera applications), fire prevention, critical vessel monitoring, and power utility asset management.

• Volume-oriented industrial control (multi-camera installation is possible).

Imaging and optical data

IR resolution 320 × 240 pixels

Thermal sensitivity/NETD < 0.05°C @ +30°C (+86°F) / 50 mK

Field of view (FOV)

25° × 18.8°

Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.31 ft.)

Focal length 18 mm (0.7 in.)

Spatial resolution (IFOV)

1.36 mrad

Lens identification Automatic F-number 1.3 Image frequency 30 Hz

Focus Automatic or manual (built in motor)

Zoom 1–8× continuous, digital, interpolating zooming on

images

Detector data

Detector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooled

microbolometer

Spectral range

7.5–13 µm

Detector pitch 25 µm

Detector time constant Typical 12 ms

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Measurement

Object temperature range

• –20 to +120°C (–4 to +248°F)

• 0 to +350°C (+32 to +662°F)

Accuracy ±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading

Measurement analysis

Spotmeter

Area 10 boxes with max./min./average/position

Isotherm 1 with above/below/interval Measurement option Measurement Mask Filter

Schedule response: File sending (ftp), email (SMTP)

Difference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-

tions or reference temperature

Reference temperature Manually set or captured from any measurement

function

Atmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-

pheric temperature and relative humidity

Optics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensors

Emissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0

Reflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflected

temperature

External optics/windows correction Automatic, based on input of optics/window trans-

mission and temperature

Measurement corrections

Global and individual object parameters

Alarm

Alarm functions 6 automatic alarms on any selected measurement

function, Digital In, Camera temperature, timer

Alarm output Digital Out, log, store image, file sending (ftp),

email (SMTP), notification

Set-up

Color palettes Color palettes (BW, BW inv, Iron, Rain)

Set-up commands Date/time, Temperature°C/°F

Storage of images

Storage media Built-in memory for image storage

File formats Standard JPEG, 16-bit measurement data

included

Ethernet

Control, result and image

Ethernet, type 100 Mbps

Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3

Ethernet, connector type RJ-45

Ethernet, communication

TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary

Ethernet, video streaming MPEG-4, ISO/IEC 14496-1 MPEG-4 ASP@L5

Ethernet, image streaming 16-bit 320 × 240 pixels @ 7-8 Hz

• Radiometric

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Ethernet

Ethernet, power Power over Ethernet, PoE IEEE 802.3af class 0.

Ethernet, protocols Ethernet/IP, Modbus TCP, TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP,

RTP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP, ftp, SMTP, SMB (CIFS), DHCP, MDNS (Bonjour), uPnP

Digital input/output

Digital input, purpose Image tag (start/stop/general), Input ext. device

(programmatically read)

Digital input 2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC

Digital output, purpose As function of ALARM, Output to ext. device (pro-

grammatically set)

Digital output 2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC, max 100 mA

Digital I/O, isolation voltage 500 VRMS

Digital I/O, supply voltage 12/24 VDC, max 200 mA

Digital I/O, connector type

6-pole jackable screw terminal

Composite video

Video out Composite video output, PAL and NTSC

compatible

Video, standard CVBS (ITU-R-BT.470 PAL/SMPTE 170M NTSC)

Video, connector type Standard BNC connector

Power system

External power operation 12/24 VDC, 24 W absolute max

External power, connector type 2-pole jackable screw terminal

Voltage Allowed range 10–30 VDC

Environmental data

Operating temperature range –15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F)

Storage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)

Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°C

to +40°C (+77°F to +104°F)

EMC

• EN 61000-6-2:2001 (Immunity)

• EN 61000-6-3:2001 (Emission)

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)

Encapsulation IP 40 (IEC 60529)

Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27)

Vibration

2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)

Physical data

Weight 0.7 kg (1.54 lb.)

Camera size (L × W × H) 170 × 70 × 70 mm (6.7 × 2.8 × 2.8 in.)

Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20 (on three sides)

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Physical data

Base mounting 2 × M4 thread mounting holes (on three sides)

Housing material Aluminum

Shipping information

Packaging, type

Cardboard box

List of contents

• Infrared camera with lens

• Ethernet cable

• FLIR Tools download card

• Mains cable

• Power cable, pig-tailed

• Power supply

• Printed documentation

• User documentation CD-ROM

• Utility CD-ROM

Packaging, weight 2.85 kg (6.3 lb.)

Packaging, size 495 × 370 × 192 mm (19.5 × 14.6 × 7.6 in.)

EAN-13 7332558003350 UPC-12

845188003104

Country of origin Sweden

Supplies & accessories:

• 1196961; IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

• 1196960; IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

• T197215; Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

• T197214; Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

• T197407; IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197411; IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197415; Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197000; High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx, A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

• 1910400; Power cord EU

• 1910401; Power cord US

• 1910402; Power cord UK

• T910922; Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc, A6xx and A6xxsc

• T911182; Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

• 908929; Video cable, 3.0 m/9.8 ft.

• T951004ACC; Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

• 1910586ACC; Power cable, pigtailed

• T197871ACC; Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

• T197870ACC; Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series

• 61301-0002; Fixed Housing for A3xx 25°/45°/90°

• 61301-0001; Fixed Housing for A3xx 7°/15°

• T198584; FLIR Tools

• T198583; FLIR Tools+ (license only)

• DSW-10000; FLIR IR Camera Player

• APP-10002; FLIR Tools Mobile (Android Application)

• T198567; ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

• T198566; ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver. 3.3

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

13.7 FLIR A310 (9 Hz)

P/N: 42701-1101 Rev.: 22369

General description

The FLIR A310 (9 Hz) provides an affordable and accurate temperature measurement solution for anyone who needs to solve problems that need built in “smartness” such as analysis, alarm functionality, and autonomous communication using standard protocols. The FLIR A310 also has all the necessary features and functions to build distributed single- or multi-camera solutions utilizing standard Ethernet hardware and software protocols.

Key features:

• Support for the EthernetIP field bus protocol (analyze, alarm, and simple camera control).

• Support for the Modbus TCP field bus protocol (analyze, alarm, and simple camera control).

• Built-in extensive analysis functionality.

• Extensive alarm functionality, as a function of analysis and more.

• On schedule: file sending (FTP) or e-mail (SMTP) of analysis results or images.

• On alarms: file sending (FTP) or e-mail (SMTP) of analysis results or images.

• MPEG-4 streaming.

• PoE (Power over Ethernet).

• Built-in web server.

• General purpose I/O.

• 100 Mbps Ethernet (100 m cable, wireless, fiber, etc.).

• Synchronization through SNTP.

• Composite video output.

• Multi-camera utility software: FLIR IP Config and FLIR IR Monitor included.

• Open and well-described TCP/IP protocol for control and set-up.

• 16-bit 320 × 240 pixel images at 4.5 Hz, radiometric.

• Lenses: 25° included, 15° and 45° optional.

Typical applications:

• Safety with temperature alarms (multi-camera applications), fire prevention, critical vessel monitoring, and power utility asset management.

• Volume-oriented industrial control (multi-camera installation is possible).

Imaging and optical data

IR resolution 320 × 240 pixels

Thermal sensitivity/NETD < 0.05°C @ +30°C (+86°F) / 50 mK

Field of view (FOV)

25° × 18.8°

Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.31 ft.)

Focal length 18 mm (0.7 in.)

Spatial resolution (IFOV) 1.36 mrad

Lens identification Automatic F-number 1.3 Image frequency 9 Hz

Focus Automatic or manual (built in motor)

Zoom 1–8× continuous, digital, interpolating zooming on

images

Detector data

Detector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooled

microbolometer

Spectral range

7.5–13 µm

Detector pitch 25 µm

Detector time constant Typical 12 ms

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Measurement

Object temperature range

• –20 to +120°C (–4 to +248°F)

• 0 to +350°C (+32 to +662°F)

Accuracy ±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading

Measurement analysis

Spotmeter

Area 10 boxes with max./min./average/position

Isotherm 1 with above/below/interval Measurement option Measurement Mask Filter

Schedule response: File sending (ftp), email (SMTP)

Difference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-

tions or reference temperature

Reference temperature Manually set or captured from any measurement

function

Atmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-

pheric temperature and relative humidity

Optics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensors

Emissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0

Reflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflected

temperature

External optics/windows correction Automatic, based on input of optics/window trans-

mission and temperature

Measurement corrections

Global and individual object parameters

Alarm

Alarm functions 6 automatic alarms on any selected measurement

function, Digital In, Camera temperature, timer

Alarm output Digital Out, log, store image, file sending (ftp),

email (SMTP), notification

Set-up

Color palettes Color palettes (BW, BW inv, Iron, Rain)

Set-up commands Date/time, Temperature°C/°F

Storage of images

Storage media Built-in memory for image storage

File formats Standard JPEG, 16-bit measurement data

included

Ethernet

Control, result and image

Ethernet, type 100 Mbps

Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3

Ethernet, connector type RJ-45

Ethernet, communication

TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary

Ethernet, video streaming MPEG-4, ISO/IEC 14496-1 MPEG-4 ASP@L5

Ethernet, image streaming 16-bit 320 × 240 pixels @ 4.5 Hz

• Radiometric

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Ethernet

Ethernet, power Power over Ethernet, PoE IEEE 802.3af class 0.

Ethernet, protocols Ethernet/IP, Modbus TCP, TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP,

RTP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP, ftp, SMTP, SMB (CIFS), DHCP, MDNS (Bonjour), uPnP

Digital input/output

Digital input, purpose Image tag (start/stop/general), Input ext. device

(programmatically read)

Digital input 2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC

Digital output, purpose As function of ALARM, Output to ext. device (pro-

grammatically set)

Digital output 2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC, max 100 mA

Digital I/O, isolation voltage 500 VRMS

Digital I/O, supply voltage 12/24 VDC, max 200 mA

Digital I/O, connector type

6-pole jackable screw terminal

Composite video

Video out Composite video output, PAL and NTSC

compatible

Video, standard CVBS (ITU-R-BT.470 PAL/SMPTE 170M NTSC)

Video, connector type Standard BNC connector

Power system

External power operation 12/24 VDC, 24 W absolute max

External power, connector type 2-pole jackable screw terminal

Voltage Allowed range 10–30 VDC

Environmental data

Operating temperature range –15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F)

Storage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)

Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°C

to +40°C (+77°F to +104°F)

EMC

• EN 61000-6-2:2001 (Immunity)

• EN 61000-6-3:2001 (Emission)

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)

Encapsulation IP 40 (IEC 60529)

Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27)

Vibration

2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)

Physical data

Weight 0.7 kg (1.54 lb.)

Camera size (L × W × H) 170 × 70 × 70 mm (6.7 × 2.8 × 2.8 in.)

Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20 (on three sides)

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Physical data

Base mounting 2 × M4 thread mounting holes (on three sides)

Housing material Aluminum

Shipping information

Packaging, type

Cardboard box

List of contents

• Infrared camera with lens

• Ethernet cable

• FLIR Tools download card

• Mains cable

• Power cable, pig-tailed

• Power supply

• Printed documentation

• User documentation CD-ROM

• Utility CD-ROM

Packaging, weight

Packaging, size 495 × 370 × 192 mm (19.5 × 14.6 × 7.6 in.)

EAN-13 7332558003367 UPC-12

845188003111

Country of origin Sweden

Supplies & accessories:

• 1196961; IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

• 1196960; IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

• T197215; Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

• T197214; Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

• T197407; IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197411; IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197415; Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197000; High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx, A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

• 1910400; Power cord EU

• 1910401; Power cord US

• 1910402; Power cord UK

• T910922; Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc, A6xx and A6xxsc

• T911182; Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

• 908929; Video cable, 3.0 m/9.8 ft.

• T951004ACC; Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

• 1910586ACC; Power cable, pigtailed

• T197871ACC; Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

• T197870ACC; Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series

• 61301-0002; Fixed Housing for A3xx 25°/45°/90°

• 61301-0001; Fixed Housing for A3xx 7°/15°

• T198584; FLIR Tools

• T198583; FLIR Tools+ (license only)

• DSW-10000; FLIR IR Camera Player

• APP-10002; FLIR Tools Mobile (Android Application)

• T198567; ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

• T198566; ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver. 3.3

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

13.8 FLIR A315

P/N: 48001-1101 Rev.: 22369

General description

The FLIR A315 has features and functions that make it the natural choice for anyone who uses PC software to solve problems and for whom 320 × 240 pixel resolution is sufficient. Among its main features are GigE Vision and GenICam compliance, which makes it plug-and-play when used with software packages such as IMAQ Vision and Halcon.

Key features:

• Affordable.

• GigE compliant.

• GenICam compliant.

• Trigg/synchronization/GPIO.

• 16-bit 320 × 240 pixel images at 60 Hz, signal, temperature linear, and radiometric.

• Compliant with any software that supports GenICam, including National Instruments IMAQ Vision and Stemmers Common Vision Blox.

• Lenses: 25° included, 15° and 45° optional.

Typical applications:

• High-end infrared machine vision that requires temperature measurement.

• Slag detection.

• Food processing.

• Electronics testing.

• Power resistor testing.

• Automotive.

Imaging and optical data

IR resolution 320 × 240 pixels

Thermal sensitivity/NETD < 0.05°C @ +30°C (+86°F) / 50 mK

Field of view (FOV)

25° × 18.8°

Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.31 ft.)

Focal length 18 mm (0.7 in.)

Spatial resolution (IFOV)

1.36 mrad

Lens identification Automatic F-number 1.3 Image frequency 60 Hz

Focus Automatic or manual (built in motor)

Detector data

Detector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooled

microbolometer

Spectral range

7.5–13 µm

Detector pitch 25 µm

Detector time constant Typical 12 ms

Measurement

Object temperature range

• –20 to +120°C (–4 to +248°F)

• 0 to +350°C (+32 to +662°F)

Accuracy

±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading

Measurement analysis

Atmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-

pheric temperature and relative humidity

Optics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensors

Emissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Measurement analysis

Reflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflected

temperature

External optics/windows correction Automatic, based on input of optics/window trans-

mission and temperature

Measurement corrections

Global object parameters

Ethernet

Ethernet Control and image

Ethernet, type Gigabit Ethernet

Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3

Ethernet, connector type RJ-45

Ethernet, communication

TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary and GenICam protocol

Ethernet, image streaming 16-bit 320 × 240 pixels @ 60 Hz

• Signal linear

• Temperature linear

• Radiometric GigE Vision and GenICam compatible

Ethernet, protocols

TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP, RTP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP, ftp, SMTP, SMB (CIFS), DHCP, MDNS (Bonjour), uPnP

Digital input/output

Digital input, purpose Image tag (start, stop, general), Image flow ctrl.

(Stream on/off), Input ext. device (programmatically read)

Digital input

2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC

Digital output, purpose

Output to ext. device (programmatically set)

Digital output 2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC, max 100 mA

Digital I/O, isolation voltage 500 VRMS

Digital I/O, supply voltage 12/24 VDC, max 200 mA

Digital I/O, connector type

6-pole jackable screw terminal

Power system

External power operation 12/24 VDC, 24 W absolute max

External power, connector type 2-pole jackable screw terminal

Voltage

Allowed range 10–30 VDC

Environmental data

Operating temperature range –15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F)

Storage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)

Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°C

to +40°C (+77°F to +104°F)

EMC

• EN 61000-6-2:2001 (Immunity)

• EN 61000-6-3:2001 (Emission)

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)

Encapsulation IP 40 (IEC 60529)

Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27)

Vibration

2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Physical data

Weight 0.7 kg (1.54 lb.)

Camera size (L × W × H) 170 × 70 × 70 mm (6.7 × 2.8 × 2.8 in.)

Tripod mounting

UNC ¼"-20 (on three sides)

Base mounting 2 × M4 thread mounting holes (on three sides)

Housing material Aluminum

Shipping information

Packaging, type

Cardboard box

List of contents

• Infrared camera with lens

• Ethernet cable

• FLIR Tools download card

• Mains cable

• Power cable, pig-tailed

• Power supply

• Printed documentation

• User documentation CD-ROM

• Utility CD-ROM

Packaging, weight

Packaging, size 495 × 370 × 192 mm (19.5 × 14.6 × 7.6 in.)

EAN-13 7332558003374 UPC-12

845188003128

Country of origin Sweden

Supplies & accessories:

• 1196961; IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

• 1196960; IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

• T197215; Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

• T197214; Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

• T197407; IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197411; IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197415; Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197000; High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx, A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

• 1910400; Power cord EU

• 1910401; Power cord US

• 1910402; Power cord UK

• T910922; Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc, A6xx and A6xxsc

• T911182; Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

• T951004ACC; Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

• 1910586ACC; Power cable, pigtailed

• T197871ACC; Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

• T197870ACC; Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series

• 61301-0002; Fixed Housing for A3xx 25°/45°/90°

• 61301-0001; Fixed Housing for A3xx 7°/15°

• T198584; FLIR Tools

• T198583; FLIR Tools+ (license only)

• DSW-10000; FLIR IR Camera Player

• APP-10002; FLIR Tools Mobile (Android Application)

• T198567; ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

• T198566; ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver. 3.3

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

13.9 FLIR A315 (9 Hz)

P/N: 42901-1101 Rev.: 22369

General description

The FLIR A315 (9 Hz) has features and functions that make it the natural choice for anyone who uses PC software to solve problems and for whom 320 × 240 pixel resolution is sufficient. Among its main features are GigE Vision and GenICam compliance, which makes it plug-and-play when used with software packages such as IMAQ Vision and Halcon.

Key features:

• Affordable.

• GigE compliant.

• GenICam compliant.

• Trigg/synchronization/GPIO.

• 16-bit 320 × 240 pixel images at 9 Hz, signal, temperature linear, and radiometric.

• Compliant with any software that supports GenICam, including National Instruments IMAQ Vision and Stemmers Common Vision Blox.

• Lenses: 25° included, 15° and 45° optional.

Typical applications:

• High-end infrared machine vision requiring temperature measurement.

• Slag detection.

• Food processing.

• Electronics testing.

• Power resistor testing.

• Automotive.

Imaging and optical data

IR resolution 320 × 240 pixels

Thermal sensitivity/NETD < 0.05°C @ +30°C (+86°F) / 50 mK

Field of view (FOV)

25° × 18.8°

Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.31 ft.)

Focal length 18 mm (0.7 in.)

Spatial resolution (IFOV) 1.36 mrad

Lens identification Automatic F-number 1.3 Image frequency 9 Hz

Focus Automatic or manual (built in motor)

Detector data

Detector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooled

microbolometer

Spectral range

7.5–13 µm

Detector pitch 25 µm

Detector time constant Typical 12 ms

Measurement

Object temperature range

• –20 to +120°C (–4 to +248°F)

• 0 to +350°C (+32 to +662°F)

Accuracy

±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading

Measurement analysis

Atmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-

pheric temperature and relative humidity

Optics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensors

Emissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Measurement analysis

Reflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflected

temperature

External optics/windows correction Automatic, based on input of optics/window trans-

mission and temperature

Measurement corrections

Global object parameters

Ethernet

Ethernet Control and image

Ethernet, type Gigabit Ethernet

Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3

Ethernet, connector type RJ-45

Ethernet, communication

TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary and GenICam protocol

Ethernet, image streaming 16-bit 320 × 240 pixels @ 9 Hz

• Signal linear

• Temperature linear

• Radiometric GigE Vision and GenICam compatible

Ethernet, protocols

TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP, RTP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP, ftp, SMTP, SMB (CIFS), DHCP, MDNS (Bonjour), uPnP

Digital input/output

Digital input, purpose Image tag (start, stop, general), Image flow ctrl.

(Stream on/off), Input ext. device (programmatically read)

Digital input

2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC

Digital output, purpose

Output to ext. device (programmatically set)

Digital output 2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC, max 100 mA

Digital I/O, isolation voltage 500 VRMS

Digital I/O, supply voltage 12/24 VDC, max 200 mA

Digital I/O, connector type

6-pole jackable screw terminal

Power system

External power operation 12/24 VDC, 24 W absolute max

External power, connector type 2-pole jackable screw terminal

Voltage

Allowed range 10–30 VDC

Environmental data

Operating temperature range –15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F)

Storage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)

Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°C

to +40°C (+77°F to +104°F)

EMC

• EN 61000-6-2:2001 (Immunity)

• EN 61000-6-3:2001 (Emission)

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)

Encapsulation IP 40 (IEC 60529)

Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27)

Vibration

2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Physical data

Weight 0.7 kg (1.54 lb.)

Camera size (L × W × H) 170 × 70 × 70 mm (6.7 × 2.8 × 2.8 in.)

Tripod mounting

UNC ¼"-20 (on three sides)

Base mounting 2 × M4 thread mounting holes (on three sides)

Housing material Aluminum

Shipping information

Packaging, type

Cardboard box

List of contents

• Infrared camera with lens

• Ethernet cable

• FLIR Tools download card

• Mains cable

• Power cable, pig-tailed

• Power supply

• Printed documentation

• User documentation CD-ROM

• Utility CD-ROM

Packaging, weight

Packaging, size 495 × 370 × 192 mm (19.5 × 14.6 × 7.6 in.)

EAN-13 7332558003381 UPC-12

845188003135

Country of origin Sweden

Supplies & accessories:

• 1196961; IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

• 1196960; IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

• T197215; Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

• T197214; Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

• T197407; IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197411; IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197415; Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197000; High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx, A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

• 1910400; Power cord EU

• 1910401; Power cord US

• 1910402; Power cord UK

• T910922; Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc, A6xx and A6xxsc

• T911182; Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

• T951004ACC; Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

• 1910586ACC; Power cable, pigtailed

• T197871ACC; Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

• T197870ACC; Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series

• 61301-0002; Fixed Housing for A3xx 25°/45°/90°

• 61301-0001; Fixed Housing for A3xx 7°/15°

• T198584; FLIR Tools

• T198583; FLIR Tools+ (license only)

• DSW-10000; FLIR IR Camera Player

• APP-10002; FLIR Tools Mobile (Android Application)

• T198567; ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

• T198566; ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver. 3.3

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

13.10 FLIR A320 Tempscreen

P/N: 48201-1201 Rev.: 22369

General description

The FLIR A320 Tempscreen is a camera preconfigured to work well in applications where you want to find temperature deviations in a population of people, utilizing difference temperature alarms with a dynamically updated reference temperature.

In addition, the FLIR A320 Tempscreen offers an affordable and accurate temperature measurement solution for anyone who needs to solve problems that need built in “smartness” such as analysis, alarm functionality and autonomous communication using standard protocols. The FLIR A320 Tempscreen also has all the necessary features and functions to build distributed single- or multi-camera solutions utilizing standard Ethernet hardware and software protocols.

Key features:

• Screening: difference temperature alarm with a dynamic updated reference temperature (visualized by the isotherm).

• Built-in extensive analysis functionality.

• Extensive alarm functionality, as a function of analysis and more.

• On schedule: file sending (FTP) or e-mail (SMTP) of analysis results or images.

• On alarms: file sending (FTP) or e-mail (SMTP) of analysis results or images.

• MPEG-4 streaming.

• PoE (Power over Ethernet).

• Built-in web server.

• General purpose I/O.

• 100 Mbps Ethernet (100 m cable, wireless, fiber, etc.).

• Synchronization through SNTP.

• Composite video output.

• Multi-camera utility software: FLIR IP Config and FLIR IR Monitor included.

• Open and well-described TCP/IP protocol for control and set-up.

• 16-bit 320 × 240 pixel images semi-real time, signal and temperature linear.

• Lenses: 25° included, 15° and 45° optional.

Typical applications:

• Safety with temperature alarms (multi-camera applications), fire prevention, critical vessel monitoring, and power utility asset management.

• Volume-oriented industrial control (multi-camera installation is possible).

Imaging and optical data

IR resolution 320 × 240 pixels

Thermal sensitivity/NETD < 0.05°C @ +30°C (+86°F) / 50 mK

Field of view (FOV)

25° × 18.8°

Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.31 ft.)

Focal length 18 mm (0.7 in.)

Spatial resolution (IFOV)

1.36 mrad

Lens identification Automatic F-number 1.3 Image frequency 30 Hz

Focus Automatic or manual (built in motor)

Zoom 1–8× continuous, digital, interpolating zooming on

images

Detector data

Detector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooled

microbolometer

Spectral range

7.5–13 µm

Detector pitch 25 µm

Detector time constant Typical 12 ms

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Measurement

Object temperature range

• –20 to +120°C (–4 to +248°F)

• 0 to +350°C (+32 to +662°F)

Accuracy ±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading

Measurement analysis

Spotmeter

Area 4 boxes with max./min./average/position

Isotherm 1 with above/below/interval Measurement option Measurement Mask Filter

Schedule response: File sending (ftp), email (SMTP)

Difference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-

tions or reference temperature

Reference temperature Manually set or captured from any measurement

function

Atmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-

pheric temperature and relative humidity

Optics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensors

Emissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0

Reflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflected

temperature

External optics/windows correction Automatic, based on input of optics/window trans-

mission and temperature

Measurement corrections

Global and individual object parameters

Alarm

Alarm functions 6 automatic alarms on any selected measurement

function, Digital In, Camera temperature, timer

Screening Difference temperature alarm with dynamic up-

dated reference temperature (visualized by the isotherm)

Alarm output

Digital Out, log, store image, file sending (ftp), email (SMTP), notification

Set-up

Color palettes Color palettes (BW, BW inv, Iron, Rain)

Set-up commands Date/time, Temperature°C/°F

Storage of images

Storage media Built-in memory for image storage

File formats Standard JPEG, 16-bit measurement data

included

Ethernet

Control, result and image

Ethernet, type 100 Mbps

Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3

Ethernet, connector type RJ-45

Ethernet, communication

TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary

Ethernet, video streaming

MPEG-4, ISO/IEC 14496-1 MPEG-4 ASP@L5

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Ethernet

Ethernet, image streaming 16-bit 320 × 240 pixels

• Signal linear

• Temperature linear

• Radiometric

Ethernet, power Power over Ethernet, PoE IEEE 802.3af class 0.

Ethernet, protocols TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP, RTP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP,

ftp, SMTP, SMB (CIFS), DHCP, MDNS (Bonjour), uPnP

Digital input/output

Digital input, purpose

Image tag (start/stop/general), Input ext. device (programmatically read)

Digital input

2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC

Digital output, purpose As function of ALARM, Output to ext. device (pro-

grammatically set)

Digital output 2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC, max 100 mA

Digital I/O, isolation voltage 500 VRMS

Digital I/O, supply voltage 12/24 VDC, max 200 mA

Digital I/O, connector type

6-pole jackable screw terminal

Composite video

Video out

Composite video output, PAL and NTSC compatible

Video, standard

CVBS (ITU-R-BT.470 PAL/SMPTE 170M NTSC)

Video, connector type

Standard BNC connector

Power system

External power operation 12/24 VDC, 24 W absolute max

External power, connector type 2-pole jackable screw terminal

Voltage Allowed range 10–30 VDC

Environmental data

Operating temperature range –15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F)

Storage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)

Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°C

to +40°C (+77°F to +104°F)

EMC

• EN 61000-6-2:2001 (Immunity)

• EN 61000-6-3:2001 (Emission)

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)

Encapsulation IP 40 (IEC 60529)

Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27)

Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Physical data

Weight 0.7 kg (1.54 lb.)

Camera size (L × W × H) 170 × 70 × 70 mm (6.7 × 2.8 × 2.8 in.)

Tripod mounting

UNC ¼"-20 (on three sides)

Base mounting 2 × M4 thread mounting holes (on three sides)

Housing material Aluminum

Shipping information

Packaging, type

Cardboard box

List of contents

• Infrared camera with lens

• Ethernet cable

• FLIR Tools download card

• Mains cable

• Power cable, pig-tailed

• Power supply

• Printed documentation

• User documentation CD-ROM

• Utility CD-ROM

Packaging, weight

Packaging, size 495 × 370 × 192 mm (19.5 × 14.6 × 7.6 in.)

EAN-13 7332558003398 UPC-12

845188003142

Country of origin Sweden

Supplies & accessories:

• 1196961; IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

• 1196960; IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

• T197215; Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

• T197214; Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

• T197407; IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197411; IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197415; Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197000; High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx, A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

• 1910400; Power cord EU

• 1910401; Power cord US

• 1910402; Power cord UK

• T910922; Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc, A6xx and A6xxsc

• T911182; Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

• 908929; Video cable, 3.0 m/9.8 ft.

• T951004ACC; Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

• 1910586ACC; Power cable, pigtailed

• T197871ACC; Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

• T197870ACC; Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series

• T198584; FLIR Tools

• T198583; FLIR Tools+ (license only)

• DSW-10000; FLIR IR Camera Player

• APP-10002; FLIR Tools Mobile (Android Application)

• T198696; FLIR ResearchIR Max 4

• T198697; FLIR ResearchIR Max + HSDR 4

• T198578; FLIR ResearchIR 3 (license only)

• T198574; FLIR ResearchIR 3 Max (license only)

• T198731; FLIR ResearchIR Standard 4

• T198567; ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

• T198566; ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver. 3.3

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

13.11 FLIR A320 Tempscreen (9 Hz)

P/N: 42701-1201 Rev.: 22369

General description

The FLIR A320 Tempscreen (9 Hz) is a camera preconfigured to work well in applications where you need to find temperature deviations in a population of people, utilizing difference temperature alarms with a dynamically updated reference temperature.

In addition, the FLIR A320 Tempscreen provides an affordable and accurate temperature measurement solution for anyone who needs to solve problems that need built in “smartness” such as analysis, alarm functionality, and autonomous communication using standard protocols. The FLIR A320 Tempscreen also has all the necessary features and functions to build distributed single- or multi-camera solutions utilizing standard Ethernet hardware and software protocols.

Key features:

• Screening: difference temperature alarm with a dynamic updated reference temperature (visualized by the isotherm).

• Built-in extensive analysis functionality.

• Extensive alarm functionality, as a function of analysis and more.

• On schedule: file sending (FTP) or e-mail (SMTP) of analysis results or images.

• On alarms: file sending (FTP) or e-mail (SMTP) of analysis results or images.

• MPEG-4 streaming.

• PoE (Power over Ethernet).

• Built-in web server.

• General purpose I/O.

• 100 Mbps Ethernet (100 m cable, wireless, fiber, etc.).

• Synchronization through SNTP.

• Composite video output.

• Multi-camera utility software: FLIR IP Config and FLIR IR Monitor included.

• Open and well-described TCP/IP protocol for control and set-up.

• 16-bit 320 × 240 pixel images semi-real time, signal and temperature linear.

• Lenses: 25° included, 15° and 45° optional.

Typical applications:

• Safety with temperature alarms (multi-camera applications), fire prevention, critical vessel monitoring, and power utility asset management.

• Volume-oriented industrial control (multi-camera installation is possible).

Imaging and optical data

IR resolution 320 × 240 pixels

Thermal sensitivity/NETD < 0.05°C @ +30°C (+86°F) / 50 mK

Field of view (FOV)

25° × 18.8°

Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.31 ft.)

Focal length 18 mm (0.7 in.)

Spatial resolution (IFOV) 1.36 mrad

Lens identification Automatic F-number 1.3 Image frequency 9 Hz

Focus Automatic or manual (built in motor)

Zoom 1–8× continuous, digital, interpolating zooming on

images

Detector data

Detector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooled

microbolometer

Spectral range

7.5–13 µm

Detector pitch 25 µm

Detector time constant Typical 12 ms

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Measurement

Object temperature range

• –20 to +120°C (–4 to +248°F)

• 0 to +350°C (+32 to +662°F)

Accuracy ±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading

Measurement analysis

Spotmeter

Area 4 boxes with max./min./average/position

Isotherm 1 with above/below/interval Measurement option Measurement Mask Filter

Schedule response: File sending (ftp), email (SMTP)

Difference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-

tions or reference temperature

Reference temperature Manually set or captured from any measurement

function

Atmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-

pheric temperature and relative humidity

Optics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensors

Emissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0

Reflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflected

temperature

External optics/windows correction Automatic, based on input of optics/window trans-

mission and temperature

Measurement corrections

Global and individual object parameters

Alarm

Alarm functions 6 automatic alarms on any selected measurement

function, Digital In, Camera temperature, timer

Screening Difference temperature alarm with dynamic up-

dated reference temperature (visualized by the isotherm)

Alarm output

Digital Out, log, store image, file sending (ftp), email (SMTP), notification

Set-up

Color palettes Color palettes (BW, BW inv, Iron, Rain)

Set-up commands Date/time, Temperature°C/°F

Storage of images

Storage media Built-in memory for image storage

File formats Standard JPEG, 16-bit measurement data

included

Ethernet

Control, result and image

Ethernet, type 100 Mbps

Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3

Ethernet, connector type RJ-45

Ethernet, communication

TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary

Ethernet, video streaming

MPEG-4, ISO/IEC 14496-1 MPEG-4 ASP@L5

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Ethernet

Ethernet, image streaming 16-bit 320 × 240 pixels

• Signal linear

• Temperature linear

• Radiometric

Ethernet, power Power over Ethernet, PoE IEEE 802.3af class 0.

Ethernet, protocols TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP, RTP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP,

ftp, SMTP, SMB (CIFS), DHCP, MDNS (Bonjour), uPnP

Digital input/output

Digital input, purpose

Image tag (start/stop/general), Input ext. device (programmatically read)

Digital input

2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC

Digital output, purpose As function of ALARM, Output to ext. device (pro-

grammatically set)

Digital output 2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC, max 100 mA

Digital I/O, isolation voltage 500 VRMS

Digital I/O, supply voltage 12/24 VDC, max 200 mA

Digital I/O, connector type

6-pole jackable screw terminal

Composite video

Video out

Composite video output, PAL and NTSC compatible

Video, standard

CVBS (ITU-R-BT.470 PAL/SMPTE 170M NTSC)

Video, connector type

Standard BNC connector

Power system

External power operation 12/24 VDC, 24 W absolute max

External power, connector type 2-pole jackable screw terminal

Voltage Allowed range 10–30 VDC

Environmental data

Operating temperature range –15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F)

Storage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)

Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°C

to +40°C (+77°F to +104°F)

EMC

• EN 61000-6-2:2001 (Immunity)

• EN 61000-6-3:2001 (Emission)

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)

Encapsulation IP 40 (IEC 60529)

Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27)

Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Physical data

Weight 0.7 kg (1.54 lb.)

Camera size (L × W × H) 170 × 70 × 70 mm (6.7 × 2.8 × 2.8 in.)

Tripod mounting

UNC ¼"-20 (on three sides)

Base mounting 2 × M4 thread mounting holes (on three sides)

Housing material Aluminum

Shipping information

Packaging, type

Cardboard box

List of contents

• Infrared camera with lens

• Ethernet cable

• FLIR Tools download card

• Mains cable

• Power cable, pig-tailed

• Power supply

• Printed documentation

• User documentation CD-ROM

• Utility CD-ROM

Packaging, weight

Packaging, size 495 × 370 × 192 mm (19.5 × 14.6 × 7.6 in.)

EAN-13 7332558003404 UPC-12

845188003159

Country of origin Sweden

Supplies & accessories:

• 1196961; IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

• 1196960; IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

• T197215; Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

• T197214; Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

• T197407; IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197411; IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197415; Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197000; High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx, A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

• 1910400; Power cord EU

• 1910401; Power cord US

• 1910402; Power cord UK

• T910922; Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc, A6xx and A6xxsc

• T911182; Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

• 908929; Video cable, 3.0 m/9.8 ft.

• T951004ACC; Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

• 1910586ACC; Power cable, pigtailed

• T197871ACC; Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

• T197870ACC; Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series

• T198584; FLIR Tools

• T198583; FLIR Tools+ (license only)

• DSW-10000; FLIR IR Camera Player

• APP-10002; FLIR Tools Mobile (Android Application)

• T198696; FLIR ResearchIR Max 4

• T198697; FLIR ResearchIR Max + HSDR 4

• T198578; FLIR ResearchIR 3 (license only)

• T198574; FLIR ResearchIR 3 Max (license only)

• T198731; FLIR ResearchIR Standard 4

• T198567; ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

• T198566; ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver. 3.3

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

13.12 FLIR A325sc

P/N: 48001-1001 Rev.: 22369

General description

The FLIR A325sc is an excellent choice for those working in R&D and need high frame rates but for whom 320 × 240 pixel resolution is sufficient. When using the camera in R&D, it is highly recommended to use the FLIR ResearchIR software from FLIR Systems.

Key features:

• Affordable.

• 16-bit 320 × 240 pixel images at 60 Hz.

• Start-and-stop recording in FLIR ResearchIR using digital input.

• Lenses: 25° included, 15° and 45° optional.

Typical applications:

• Entry- or mid-level industrial R&D.

Imaging and optical data

IR resolution 320 × 240 pixels

Thermal sensitivity/NETD < 0.05°C @ +30°C (+86°F) / 50 mK

Field of view (FOV)

25° × 18.8°

Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.31 ft.)

Focal length 18 mm (0.7 in.)

Spatial resolution (IFOV)

1.36 mrad

Lens identification Automatic F-number 1.3 Image frequency 60 Hz

Focus Automatic or manual (built in motor)

Detector data

Detector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooled

microbolometer

Spectral range

7.5–13 µm

Detector pitch 25 µm

Detector time constant Typical 12 ms

Measurement

Object temperature range

• –20 to +120°C (–4 to +248°F)

• 0 to +350°C (+32 to +662°F)

Accuracy

±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading

Measurement analysis

Atmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-

pheric temperature and relative humidity

Optics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensors

Emissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0

Reflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflected

temperature

External optics/windows correction Automatic, based on input of optics/window trans-

mission and temperature

Measurement corrections

Global object parameters

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Ethernet

Ethernet Control and image

Ethernet, type Gigabit Ethernet

Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3

Ethernet, connector type RJ-45

Ethernet, communication

TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary and GenICam protocol

Ethernet, image streaming 16-bit 320 × 240 pixels @ 60 Hz

• Signal linear

• Temperature linear

• Radiometric GigE Vision and GenICam compatible

Ethernet, protocols

TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP, RTP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP, ftp, SMTP, SMB (CIFS), DHCP, MDNS (Bonjour), uPnP

Digital input/output

Digital input, purpose Image tag (start, stop, general), Image flow ctrl.

(Stream on/off), Input ext. device (programmatically read)

Digital input

2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC

Digital output, purpose

Output to ext. device (programmatically set)

Digital output

2 opto-isolated, 10–30 VDC, max 100 mA

Digital I/O, isolation voltage 500 VRMS

Digital I/O, supply voltage 12/24 VDC, max 200 mA

Digital I/O, connector type

6-pole jackable screw terminal

Power system

External power operation 12/24 VDC, 24 W absolute max

External power, connector type 2-pole jackable screw terminal

Voltage

Allowed range 10–30 VDC

Environmental data

Operating temperature range –15°C to +50°C (+5°F to +122°F)

Storage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)

Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°C

to +40°C (+77°F to +104°F)

EMC

• EN 61000-6-2:2001 (Immunity)

• EN 61000-6-3:2001 (Emission)

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)

Encapsulation IP 40 (IEC 60529)

Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-27)

Vibration

2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)

Physical data

Weight 0.7 kg (1.54 lb.)

Camera size (L × W × H) 170 × 70 × 70 mm (6.7 × 2.8 × 2.8 in.)

Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20 (on three sides)

Base mounting 2 × M4 thread mounting holes (on three sides)

Housing material Aluminum

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Technical data13

Shipping information

Packaging, type

Cardboard box

List of contents

• Infrared camera with lens

• Ethernet cable

• FLIR ResearchIR Max 4 (licence only)

• FLIR Tools download card

• Hard transport case

• Mains cable

• Power cable, pig-tailed

• Power supply

• Printed documentation

• User documentation CD-ROM

Packaging, weight 5.0 kg (11.0 lb.)

Packaging, size 495 × 370 × 192 mm (19.5 × 14.6 × 7.6 in.)

EAN-13 7332558004203 UPC-12

845188004231

Country of origin Sweden

Supplies & accessories:

• 1196961; IR lens, f = 30 mm, 15° incl. case

• 1196960; IR lens, f = 10 mm, 45° incl. case

• T197215; Close-up 4× (100 µm) incl. case

• T197214; Close-up 2× (50 µm) incl. case

• T197407; IR lens, 76 mm (6°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197411; IR lens, 4 mm (90°) with case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197415; Close-up 1× (25 µm) incl. case and mounting support for A3xx, A3xxsc

• T197000; High temp. option +1200°C/+2192°F for FLIR T/B2xx to T/B4xx and A3xx, A3xxf, A3xxpt, A3xxsc series

• 1910400; Power cord EU

• 1910401; Power cord US

• 1910402; Power cord UK

• T910922; Power supply, incl. multi plugs, for A3xx, A3xxsc, A6xx and A6xxsc

• T911182; Power supply for A3xx f, IP66

• T951004ACC; Ethernet cable CAT-6, 2m/6.6 ft.

• 1910586ACC; Power cable, pigtailed

• T197871ACC; Hard transport case for A3xx/A6xx series

• T197870ACC; Cardboard box for A3xx/A6xx series

• T198584; FLIR Tools

• T198583; FLIR Tools+ (license only)

• DSW-10000; FLIR IR Camera Player

• T198696; FLIR ResearchIR Max 4

• T198697; FLIR ResearchIR Max + HSDR 4

• T198578; FLIR ResearchIR 3 (license only)

• T198574; FLIR ResearchIR 3 Max (license only)

• T198731; FLIR ResearchIR Standard 4

• T198567; ThermoVision™ System Developers Kit Ver. 2.6

• T198566; ThermoVision™ LabVIEW® Digital Toolkit Ver. 3.3

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Mechanical drawings

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

70mm

2,76in

70mm 2,76in

33,3mm

1,31in

35mm

1,38in

33,3mm

(2x)

1,31in

2,9mm

0,11in

32,7mm

(3x)

1,29in

182mm

7,16in

172mm

6,76in

12mm

(3x)

0,47in

24mm

(3x)

0,94in

35mm 1,38in

M4 (6x)

UNC 1/4-20 (3x)

Camera with built-in IR lens f=18 mm (25°)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 632 54

Scale

1:1

Size

Modified

R&D Thermography

2012-04-18

CAHA

Basic dimensions FLIR A3xx/SC3xx

T125002

1(8)

Denomination

Drawn by

Check

Size

Drawing No.

Sheet

© 2012, FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No part of this drawing may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,

without written permission from FLIR Systems, Inc. Specifications subject to change without further notice. Dimensional data is based on nominal values. Products may be subject to regional market considerations. License procedures may apply.

Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.

172mm

6,76in

264,4mm

10,41in

85,4mm

3,36in

68mm

2,68in

33,3mm

(2x)

1,31in

Lens support

Optional

82,5mm

3,25in

33,3mm

1,31in

70mm

2,76in

41,3mm

1,62in

118,1mm

4,65in

41,3mm

1,62in

12mm

(3x)

0,47in

24mm

(3x)

0,94in

M4 (6x)

UNC 1/4"-20 (3x)

3,55in

90,1mm

For additional dimensions see page 1

Camera with Lens IR f=4 mm (90°) incl support

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 632 54

Scale

1:1

Size

Modified

R&D Thermography

2012-04-18

CAHA

Basic dimensions FLIR A3xx/SC3xx

T125002

2(8)

Denomination

Drawn by

Check

Size

Drawing No.

Sheet

Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.

70mm 2,76in

33,3mm

1,31in

70mm

2,76in

35mm

1,38in

213mm

8,37in

34mm

1,33in

47mm

1,85in

33,3mm

(2x)

1,31in

171mm

6,75in

35mm 1,38in

12mm

(3x)

0,47in

24mm

(3x)

0,94in

66,4mm

2,62in

M4 (6x)

UNC 1/4"-20 (3x)

1,51in

38,4mm

For additional dimensions see page 1

Camera with Lens IR f=10 mm (45°)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 632 54

Scale

1:1

Size

Modified

R&D Thermography

2012-04-18

CAHA

Basic dimensions FLIR A3xx/SC3xx

T125002

3(8)

Denomination

Drawn by

Check

Size

Drawing No.

Sheet

Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.

20mm

0,77in

199mm

7,82in

58mm

2,28in

33,3mm

(2x)

1,31in

171mm

6,75in

33,3mm

1,31in

70mm 2,76in

70mm

2,76in

35mm

1,38in

35mm 1,38in

12mm

(3x)

0,47in

24mm

(3x)

0,94in

52,3mm

(3x)

2,06in

M4 (6x)

UNC 1/4"-20 (3x)

0,95in

24,3mm

Camera with Lens IR f=30 mm (15°)

For additional dimensions see page 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 632 54

Scale

1:1

Size

Modified

R&D Thermography

2012-04-18

CAHA

Basic dimensions FLIR A3xx/SC3xx

T125002

4(8)

Denomination

Drawn by

Check

Size

Drawing No.

Sheet

Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.

172mm

6,76in

280mm

11,03in

101,1mm

3,98in

109mm

4,29in

48mm

(2x)

1,89in

33,3mm

(2x)

1,31in

96mm 3,78in

Lens support

Optional

Base support

Optional

108,5mm

4,27in

48mm 1,89in

8mm

0,31in

70mm

2,76in

54,3mm

2,14in

35mm

1,38in

45mm

±0,1

1,77in

±0,00

54,3mm

2,14in

88,5mm 3,48in

54,5mm

2,15in

90mm

±0,1

3,54in

±0,00

UNC 1/4"-20 (5x)

4,17in

105,8mm

For additional dimensions see page 1

Camera with Lens IR f=76 mm (6°) incl support

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 632 54

Scale

1:1

Size

Modified

R&D Thermography

2012-04-18

CAHA

Basic dimensions FLIR A3xx/SC3xx

T125002

5(8)

Denomination

Drawn by

Check

Size

Drawing No.

Sheet

Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.

162mm

6,38in

341mm

13,43in

172mm

6,76in

68mm 2,68in

33,3mm

(2x)

1,31in

Lens support

Optional

82,5mm

3,25in

41,3mm

1,62in

33,3mm

1,31in

70mm 2,76in

55mm

2,17in

41,3mm

1,62in

12mm

(3x)

0,47in

24mm

(3x)

0,94in

194,8mm

7,67in

M4 (6x)

UNC 1/4"-20 (3x)

WD =

21mm

0,83in

Object plane

6,56in

166,8mm

For additional dimensions see page 1

Camera with Close-up lens 1X (25 µm) incl support

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 632 54

Scale

1:1

Size

Modified

R&D Thermography

2012-04-18

CAHA

Basic dimensions FLIR A3xx/SC3xx

T125002

6(8)

Denomination

Drawn by

Check

Size

Drawing No.

Sheet

Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.

172mm

6,76in

30,5mm

1,2in

209,5mm

8,25in

55mm

2,17in

33,3mm

(2x)

1,31in

12mm

(3x)

0,47in

24mm

(3x)

0,94in

M4 (6x)

UNC 1/4"-20 (3x)

35mm

1,38in

63,2mm

(3x)

2,49in

WD =

33mm

1,3in

Object plane

33,3mm

1,31in

70mm 2,76in

35mm

1,38in

70mm

2,76in

1,39in

35,2mm

For additional dimensions see page 1

Camera with Close-up lens 2X (50 µm)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 632 54

Scale

1:1

Size

Modified

R&D Thermography

2012-04-18

CAHA

Basic dimensions FLIR A3xx/SC3xx

T125002

7(8)

Denomination

Drawn by

Check

Size

Drawing No.

Sheet

Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.

172mm

6,76in

30,5mm

1,2in

55mm

2,17in

209,5mm

8,25in

33,3mm

(2x)

1,31in

70mm 2,76in

33,3mm

1,31in

70mm

2,76in

35mm

1,38in

12mm

(3x)

0,47in

24mm

(3x)

0,94in

35mm 1,38in

63,2mm

(3x)

2,49in

M4 (6x)

UNC 1/4"-20 (3x)

WD =

79mm

3,11in

Object plane

1,39in

35,2mm

For additional dimensions see page 1

Camera with Close-up lens 4X (100 µm)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 632 54

Scale

1:1

Size

Modified

R&D Thermography

2012-04-18

CAHA

Basic dimensions FLIR A3xx/SC3xx

T125002

8(8)

Denomination

Drawn by

Check

Size

Drawing No.

Sheet

Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.

Pin configurations

15.1 Pin configuration for I/O connector

Pin Configuration

1 IN 1 2 IN 2 3

OUT 1

OUT 2

I/O +

I/O –

NOTE

Cables for digital I/O ports should be 100 m (328′) maximum.

15.2 Schematic overview of the digital I/O ports

15.3 LED indicators

The LEDs indicate the following:

Type of signal Explanation

The LED glows continuously orange. The camera is starting up.

The LED glows continuously red.

An error has been detected. Contact service.

The LED glows continuously green. The camera has started.

The LED flashes 10 times per second. An error has been detected. Contact service.

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Cleaning the camera

16.1 Camera housing, cables, and other items

16.1.1 Liquids

Use one of these liquids:

• Warm water

• A weak detergent solution

16.1.2 Equipment

A soft cloth

16.1.3 Procedure

Follow this procedure:

1. Soak the cloth in the liquid.

2. Twist the cloth to remove excess liquid.

3. Clean the part with the cloth.

CAUTION

Do not apply solvents or similar liquids to the camera, the cables, or other items. This can cause damage.

16.2 Infrared lens

16.2.1 Liquids

Use one of these liquids:

• A commercial lens cleaning liquid with more than 30% isopropyl alcohol.

• 96% ethyl alcohol (C

2H5

OH).

16.2.2 Equipment

Cotton wool

16.2.3 Procedure

Follow this procedure:

1. Soak the cotton wool in the liquid.

2. Twist the cotton wool to remove excess liquid.

3. Clean the lens one time only and discard the cotton wool.

WARNING

Make sure that you read all applicable MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets) and warning labels on containers before you use a liquid: the liquids can be dangerous.

CAUTION

• Be careful when you clean the infrared lens. The lens has a delicate anti-reflective coating.

• Do not clean the infrared lens too vigorously. This can damage the anti-reflective coating.

16.3 Infrared detector

16.3.1 General

Even small amounts of dust on the infrared detector can result in major blemishes in the image. To remove any dust from the detector, follow the procedure below.

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Cleaning the camera

NOTE

• This section only applies to cameras where removing the lens exposes the infrared detector.

• In some cases the dust cannot be removed by following this procedure: the infrared detector must be cleaned mechanically. This mechanical cleaning must be carried out by an authorized service partner.

CAUTION

In Step 2 below, do not use pressurized air from pneumatic air circuits in a workshop, etc., as this air usually contains oil mist to lubricate pneumatic tools.

16.3.2 Procedure

Follow this procedure:

1. Remove the lens from the camera.

2. Use pressurized air from a compressed air canister to blow off the dust.

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

About FLIR Systems

FLIR Systems was established in 1978 to pioneer the development of high-performance infrared imaging systems, and is the world leader in the design, manufacture, and marketing of thermal imaging systems for a wide variety of commercial, industrial, and government applications. Today, FLIR Systems embraces five major companies with outstanding achievements in infrared technology since 1958—the Swedish AGEMA Infrared Systems (formerly AGA Infrared Systems), the three United States companies Indigo Systems, FSI, and Inframetrics, and the French company Cedip.

Since 2007, FLIR Systems has acquired several companies with world-leading expertise in sensor technologies:

• Extech Instruments (2007)

• Ifara Tecnologías (2008)

• Salvador Imaging (2009)

• OmniTech Partners (2009)

• Directed Perception (2009)

• Raymarine (2010)

• ICx Technologies (2010)

• TackTick Marine Digital Instruments (2011)

• Aerius Photonics (2011)

• Lorex Technology (2012)

• Traficon (2012)

• MARSS (2013)

• DigitalOptics micro-optics business (2013)

Figure 17.1 Patent documents from the early 1960s

The company has sold more than 350,000 infrared cameras worldwide for applications such as predictive maintenance, R & D, non-destructive testing, process control and automation, and machine vision, among many others.

FLIR Systems has three manufacturing plants in the United States (Portland, OR, Boston, MA, Santa Barbara, CA) and one in Sweden (Stockholm). Since 2007 there is also a manufacturing plant in Tallinn, Estonia. Direct sales offices in Belgium, Brazil, China, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hong Kong, Italy, Japan, Korea, Sweden, and the USA —together with a worldwide network of agents and distributors—support our international customer base.

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

About FLIR Systems

FLIR Systems is at the forefront of innovation in the infrared camera industry. We anticipate market demand by constantly improving our existing cameras and developing new ones. The company has set milestones in product design and development such as the introduction of the first battery-operated portable camera for industrial inspections, and the first uncooled infrared camera, to mention just two innovations.

Figure 17.2 LEFT: Thermovision Model 661 from 1969. The camera weighed approximately 25 kg (55 lb.), the oscilloscope 20 kg (44 lb.), and the tripod 15 kg (33 lb.). The operator also needed a 220 VAC generator set, and a 10 L (2.6 US gallon) jar with liquid nitrogen. To the left of the oscilloscope the Polaroid attachment (6 kg/13 lb.) can be seen. RIGHT: FLIR One, which was launched in January 2014, is a slideon attachment that gives iPhones thermal imaging capabilities. Weight: 90 g (3.2 oz.).

FLIR Systems manufactures all vital mechanical and electronic components of the camera systems itself. From detector design and manufacturing, to lenses and system electronics, to final testing and calibration, all production steps are carried out and supervised by our own engineers. The in-depth expertise of these infrared specialists ensures the accuracy and reliability of all vital components that are assembled into your infrared camera.

17.1 More than just an infrared camera

At FLIR Systems we recognize that our job is to go beyond just producing the best infrared camera systems. We are committed to enabling all users of our infrared camera systems to work more productively by providing them with the most powerful camera– software combination. Especially tailored software for predictive maintenance, R & D, and process monitoring is developed in-house. Most software is available in a wide variety of languages.

We support all our infrared cameras with a wide variety of accessories to adapt your equipment to the most demanding infrared applications.

17.2 Sharing our knowledge

Although our cameras are designed to be very user-friendly, there is a lot more to thermography than just knowing how to handle a camera. Therefore, FLIR Systems has founded the Infrared Training Center (ITC), a separate business unit, that provides certified training courses. Attending one of the ITC courses will give you a truly hands-on learning experience.

The staff of the ITC are also there to provide you with any application support you may need in putting infrared theory into practice.

17.3 Supporting our customers

FLIR Systems operates a worldwide service network to keep your camera running at all times. If you discover a problem with your camera, local service centers have all the equipment and expertise to solve it within the shortest possible time. Therefore, there is no need to send your camera to the other side of the world or to talk to someone who does not speak your language.

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

About FLIR Systems

17.4 A few images from our facilities

Figure 17.3 LEFT: Development of system electronics; RIGHT: Testing of an FPA detector

Figure 17.4 LEFT: Diamond turning machine; RIGHT: Lens polishing

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Glossary

absorption (absorption factor)

The amount of radiation absorbed by an object relative to the received radiation. A number between 0 and 1.

atmosphere The gases between the object being measured and the camera, nor-

mally air. autoadjust A function making a camera perform an internal image correction. autopalette The IR image is shown with an uneven spread of colors, displaying

cold objects as well as hot ones at the same time. blackbody Totally non-reflective object. All its radiation is due to its own

temperature. blackbody

radiator

An IR radiating equipment with blackbody properties used to cali-

brate IR cameras. calculated at-

mospheric transmission

A transmission value computed from the temperature, the relative

humidity of air and the distance to the object.

cavity radiator A bottle shaped radiator with an absorbing inside, viewed through

the bottleneck. color

temperature

The temperature for which the color of a blackbody matches a spe-

cific color. conduction The process that makes heat diffuse into a material. continuous

adjust

A function that adjusts the image. The function works all the time,

continuously adjusting brightness and contrast according to the im-

age content. convection

Convection is a heat transfer mode where a fluid is brought into mo-

tion, either by gravity or another force, thereby transferring heat from

one place to another. dual isotherm An isotherm with two color bands, instead of one. emissivity

(emissivity factor)

The amount of radiation coming from an object, compared to that of

a blackbody. A number between 0 and 1.

emittance Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time and area

(W/m

)

environment

Objects and gases that emit radiation towards the object being

measured. estimated at-

mospheric transmission

A transmission value, supplied by a user, replacing a calculated one

external optics Extra lenses, filters, heat shields etc. that can be put between the

camera and the object being measured. filter A material transparent only to some of the infrared wavelengths. FOV Field of view: The horizontal angle that can be viewed through an IR

lens. FPA Focal plane array: A type of IR detector.

graybody An object that emits a fixed fraction of the amount of energy of a

blackbody for each wavelength. IFOV Instantaneous field of view: A measure of the geometrical resolution

of an IR camera.

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Glossary

image correction (internal or external)

A way of compensating for sensitivity differences in various parts of

live images and also of stabilizing the camera.

infrared Non-visible radiation, having a wavelength from about 2–13 μm. IR infrared

isotherm A function highlighting those parts of an image that fall above, below

or between one or more temperature intervals. isothermal

cavity

A bottle-shaped radiator with a uniform temperature viewed through

the bottleneck. Laser LocatIR An electrically powered light source on the camera that emits laser

radiation in a thin, concentrated beam to point at certain parts of the

object in front of the camera. laser pointer An electrically powered light source on the camera that emits laser

radiation in a thin, concentrated beam to point at certain parts of the

object in front of the camera. level The center value of the temperature scale, usually expressed as a

signal value. manual adjust A way to adjust the image by manually changing certain parameters. NETD Noise equivalent temperature difference. A measure of the image

noise level of an IR camera. noise Undesired small disturbance in the infrared image

object parameters

A set of values describing the circumstances under which the meas-

urement of an object was made, and the object itself (such as emis-

sivity, reflected apparent temperature, distance etc.) object signal A non-calibrated value related to the amount of radiation received by

the camera from the object. palette The set of colors used to display an IR image. pixel

Stands for picture element. One single spot in an image. radiance Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time, area and

angle (W/m

/sr)

radiant power

Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time (W) radiation The process by which electromagnetic energy, is emitted by an ob-

ject or a gas. radiator A piece of IR radiating equipment.

range

The current overall temperature measurement limitation of an IR

camera. Cameras can have several ranges. Expressed as two

blackbody temperatures that limit the current calibration. reference

temperature

A temperature which the ordinary measured values can be com-

pared with. reflection The amount of radiation reflected by an object relative to the re-

ceived radiation. A number between 0 and 1. relative

humidity

Relative humidity represents the ratio between the current water va-

pour mass in the air and the maximum it may contain in saturation

conditions. saturation

color

The areas that contain temperatures outside the present level/span

settings are colored with the saturation colors. The saturation colors

contain an ‘overflow’ color and an ‘underflow’ color. There is also a

third red saturation color that marks everything saturated by the de-

tector indicating that the range should probably be changed.

#T559498; r.22370/22370; en-US

Glossary

span

The interval of the temperature scale, usually expressed as a signal

value. spectral (radi-

ant) emittance

Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time, area and

wavelength (W/m

/μm)

temperature difference, or difference of temperature.

A value which is the result of a subtraction between two temperature

values.

temperature range

The current overall temperature measurement limitation of an IR

camera. Cameras can have several ranges. Expressed as two

blackbody temperatures that limit the current calibration. temperature

scale

The way in which an IR image currently is displayed. Expressed as

two temperature values limiting the colors. thermogram infrared image transmission

(or transmittance) factor

Gases and materials can be more or less transparent. Transmission

is the amount of IR radiation passing through them. A number be-

tween 0 and 1. transparent

isotherm

An isotherm showing a linear spread of colors, instead of covering

the highlighted parts of the image. visual Refers to the video mode of a IR camera, as opposed to the normal,

thermographic mode. When a camera is in video mode it captures

ordinary video images, while thermographic images are captured

when the camera is in IR mode.

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Thermographic measurement techniques

19.1 Introduction

An infrared camera measures and images the emitted infrared radiation from an object. The fact that radiation is a function of object surface temperature makes it possible for the camera to calculate and display this temperature.

However, the radiation measured by the camera does not only depend on the temperature of the object but is also a function of the emissivity. Radiation also originates from the surroundings and is reflected in the object. The radiation from the object and the reflected radiation will also be influenced by the absorption of the atmosphere.

To measure temperature accurately, it is therefore necessary to compensate for the effects of a number of different radiation sources. This is done on-line automatically by the camera. The following object parameters must, however, be supplied for the camera:

• The emissivity of the object

• The reflected apparent temperature

• The distance between the object and the camera

• The relative humidity

• Temperature of the atmosphere

19.2 Emissivity

The most important object parameter to set correctly is the emissivity which, in short, is a measure of how much radiation is emitted from the object, compared to that from a perfect blackbody of the same temperature.

Normally, object materials and surface treatments exhibit emissivity ranging from approximately 0.1 to 0.95. A highly polished (mirror) surface falls below 0.1, while an oxidized or painted surface has a higher emissivity. Oil-based paint, regardless of color in the visible spectrum, has an emissivity over 0.9 in the infrared. Human skin exhibits an emissivity 0.97 to 0.98.

Non-oxidized metals represent an extreme case of perfect opacity and high reflexivity, which does not vary greatly with wavelength. Consequently, the emissivity of metals is low – only increasing with temperature. For non-metals, emissivity tends to be high, and decreases with temperature.

19.2.1 Finding the emissivity of a sample

19.2.1.1 Step 1: Determining reflected apparent temperature Use one of the following two methods to determine reflected apparent temperature:

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Thermographic measurement techniques19

19.2.1.1.1 Method 1: Direct method

Follow this procedure:

1. Look for possible reflection sources, considering that the incident angle = reflection angle (a = b).

Figure 19.1 1 = Reflection source

2. If the reflection source is a spot source, modify the source by obstructing it using a piece if cardboard.

Figure 19.2 1 = Reflection source

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Thermographic measurement techniques19

3. Measure the radiation intensity (= apparent temperature) from the reflecting source using the following settings:

• Emissivity: 1.0

• D

obj

: 0

You can measure the radiation intensity using one of the following two methods:

Figure 19.3 1 = Reflection source

NOTE

Using a thermocouple to measure reflected apparent temperature is not recommended for two important reasons:

• A thermocouple does not measure radiation intensity

• A thermocouple requires a very good thermal contact to the surface, usually by gluing and covering the sensor by a thermal isolator.

19.2.1.1.2 Method 2: Reflector method

Follow this procedure:

1. Crumble up a large piece of aluminum foil.

2. Uncrumble the aluminum foil and attach it to a piece of cardboard of the same size.

3. Put the piece of cardboard in front of the object you want to measure. Make sure that the side with aluminum foil points to the camera.

4. Set the emissivity to 1.0.

5. Measure the apparent temperature of the aluminum foil and write it down.

Figure 19.4 Measuring the apparent temperature of the aluminum foil.

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Thermographic measurement techniques19

19.2.1.2 Step 2: Determining the emissivity

Follow this procedure:

1. Select a place to put the sample.

2. Determine and set reflected apparent temperature according to the previous procedure.

3. Put a piece of electrical tape with known high emissivity on the sample.

4. Heat the sample at least 20 K above room temperature. Heating must be reasonably even.

5. Focus and auto-adjust the camera, and freeze the image.

6. Adjust Level and Span for best image brightness and contrast.

7. Set emissivity to that of the tape (usually 0.97).

8. Measure the temperature of the tape using one of the following measurement functions:

• Isotherm (helps you to determine both the temperature and how evenly you have

heated the sample)

• Spot (simpler)

• Box Avg (good for surfaces with varying emissivity).

9. Write down the temperature.

10. Move your measurement function to the sample surface.

11. Change the emissivity setting until you read the same temperature as your previous measurement.

12. Write down the emissivity.

NOTE

• Avoid forced convection

• Look for a thermally stable surrounding that will not generate spot reflections

• Use high quality tape that you know is not transparent, and has a high emissivity you are certain of

• This method assumes that the temperature of your tape and the sample surface are the same. If they are not, your emissivity measurement will be wrong.

19.3 Reflected apparent temperature

This parameter is used to compensate for the radiation reflected in the object. If the emissivity is low and the object temperature relatively far from that of the reflected it will be important to set and compensate for the reflected apparent temperature correctly.

19.4 Distance

The distance is the distance between the object and the front lens of the camera. This parameter is used to compensate for the following two facts:

• That radiation from the target is absorbed by the atmosphere between the object and the camera.

• That radiation from the atmosphere itself is detected by the camera.

19.5 Relative humidity

The camera can also compensate for the fact that the transmittance is also dependent on the relative humidity of the atmosphere. To do this set the relative humidity to the correct value. For short distances and normal humidity the relative humidity can normally be left at a default value of 50%.

19.6 Other parameters

In addition, some cameras and analysis programs from FLIR Systems allow you to compensate for the following parameters:

• Atmospheric temperature – i.e. the temperature of the atmosphere between the camera and the target

• External optics temperature – i.e. the temperature of any external lenses or windows used in front of the camera

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Thermographic measurement techniques19

• External optics transmittance – i.e. the transmission of any external lenses or windows used in front of the camera

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History of infrared technology

Before the year 1800, the existence of the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum wasn't even suspected. The original significance of the infrared spectrum, or simply ‘the infrared’ as it is often called, as a form of heat radiation is perhaps less obvious today than it was at the time of its discovery by Herschel in 1800.

Figure 20.1 Sir William Herschel (1738–1822)

The discovery was made accidentally during the search for a new optical material. Sir William Herschel – Royal Astronomer to King George III of England, and already famous for his discovery of the planet Uranus – was searching for an optical filter material to reduce the brightness of the sun’s image in telescopes during solar observations. While testing different samples of colored glass which gave similar reductions in brightness he was intrigued to find that some of the samples passed very little of the sun’s heat, while others passed so much heat that he risked eye damage after only a few seconds’ observation.

Herschel was soon convinced of the necessity of setting up a systematic experiment, with the objective of finding a single material that would give the desired reduction in brightness as well as the maximum reduction in heat. He began the experiment by actually repeating Newton’s prism experiment, but looking for the heating effect rather than the visual distribution of intensity in the spectrum. He first blackened the bulb of a sensitive mercury-in-glass thermometer with ink, and with this as his radiation detector he proceeded to test the heating effect of the various colors of the spectrum formed on the top of a table by passing sunlight through a glass prism. Other thermometers, placed outside the sun’s rays, served as controls.

As the blackened thermometer was moved slowly along the colors of the spectrum, the temperature readings showed a steady increase from the violet end to the red end. This was not entirely unexpected, since the Italian researcher, Landriani, in a similar experiment in 1777 had observed much the same effect. It was Herschel, however, who was the first to recognize that there must be a point where the heating effect reaches a maximum, and that measurements confined to the visible portion of the spectrum failed to locate this point.

Figure 20.2 Marsilio Landriani (1746–1815)

Moving the thermometer into the dark region beyond the red end of the spectrum, Herschel confirmed that the heating continued to increase. The maximum point, when he found it, lay well beyond the red end – in what is known today as the ‘infrared wavelengths’.

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History of infrared technology

When Herschel revealed his discovery, he referred to this new portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as the ‘thermometrical spectrum’. The radiation itself he sometimes referred to as ‘dark heat’, or simply ‘the invisible rays’. Ironically, and contrary to popular opinion, it wasn't Herschel who originated the term ‘infrared’. The word only began to appear in print around 75 years later, and it is still unclear who should receive credit as the originator.

Herschel’s use of glass in the prism of his original experiment led to some early controversies with his contemporaries about the actual existence of the infrared wavelengths. Different investigators, in attempting to confirm his work, used various types of glass indiscriminately, having different transparencies in the infrared. Through his later experiments, Herschel was aware of the limited transparency of glass to the newly-discovered thermal radiation, and he was forced to conclude that optics for the infrared would probably be doomed to the use of reflective elements exclusively (i.e. plane and curved mirrors). Fortunately, this proved to be true only until 1830, when the Italian investigator, Melloni, made his great discovery that naturally occurring rock salt (NaCl) – which was available in large enough natural crystals to be made into lenses and prisms – is remarkably transparent to the infrared. The result was that rock salt became the principal infrared optical material, and remained so for the next hundred years, until the art of synthetic crystal growing was mastered in the 1930’s.

Figure 20.3 Macedonio Melloni (1798–1854)

Thermometers, as radiation detectors, remained unchallenged until 1829, the year Nobili invented the thermocouple. (Herschel’s own thermometer could be read to 0.2 °C (0.036 °F), and later models were able to be read to 0.05 °C (0.09 °F)). Then a breakthrough occurred; Melloni connected a number of thermocouples in series to form the first thermopile. The new device was at least 40 times as sensitive as the best thermometer of the day for detecting heat radiation – capable of detecting the heat from a person standing three meters away.

The first so-called ‘heat-picture’ became possible in 1840, the result of work by Sir John Herschel, son of the discoverer of the infrared and a famous astronomer in his own right. Based upon the differential evaporation of a thin film of oil when exposed to a heat pattern focused upon it, the thermal image could be seen by reflected light where the interference effects of the oil film made the image visible to the eye. Sir John also managed to obtain a primitive record of the thermal image on paper, which he called a ‘thermograph’.

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History of infrared technology

Figure 20.4 Samuel P. Langley (1834–1906)

The improvement of infrared-detector sensitivity progressed slowly. Another major breakthrough, made by Langley in 1880, was the invention of the bolometer. This consisted of a thin blackened strip of platinum connected in one arm of a Wheatstone bridge circuit upon which the infrared radiation was focused and to which a sensitive galvanometer responded. This instrument is said to have been able to detect the heat from a cow at a distance of 400 meters.

An English scientist, Sir James Dewar, first introduced the use of liquefied gases as cooling agents (such as liquid nitrogen with a temperature of -196 °C (-320.8 °F)) in low temperature research. In 1892 he invented a unique vacuum insulating container in which it is possible to store liquefied gases for entire days. The common ‘thermos bottle’, used for storing hot and cold drinks, is based upon his invention.

Between the years 1900 and 1920, the inventors of the world ‘discovered’ the infrared. Many patents were issued for devices to detect personnel, artillery, aircraft, ships – and even icebergs. The first operating systems, in the modern sense, began to be developed during the 1914–18 war, when both sides had research programs devoted to the military exploitation of the infrared. These programs included experimental systems for enemy intrusion/detection, remote temperature sensing, secure communications, and ‘flying torpedo’ guidance. An infrared search system tested during this period was able to detect an approaching airplane at a distance of 1.5 km (0.94 miles), or a person more than 300 meters (984 ft.) away.

The most sensitive systems up to this time were all based upon variations of the bolometer idea, but the period between the two wars saw the development of two revolutionary new infrared detectors: the image converter and the photon detector. At first, the image converter received the greatest attention by the military, because it enabled an observer for the first time in history to literally ‘see in the dark’. However, the sensitivity of the image converter was limited to the near infrared wavelengths, and the most interesting military targets (i.e. enemy soldiers) had to be illuminated by infrared search beams. Since this involved the risk of giving away the observer’s position to a similarly-equipped enemy observer, it is understandable that military interest in the image converter eventually faded.

The tactical military disadvantages of so-called 'active’ (i.e. search beam-equipped) thermal imaging systems provided impetus following the 1939–45 war for extensive secret military infrared-research programs into the possibilities of developing ‘passive’ (no search beam) systems around the extremely sensitive photon detector. During this period, military secrecy regulations completely prevented disclosure of the status of infraredimaging technology. This secrecy only began to be lifted in the middle of the 1950’s, and from that time adequate thermal-imaging devices finally began to be available to civilian science and industry.

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Theory of thermography

21.1 Introduction

The subjects of infrared radiation and the related technique of thermography are still new to many who will use an infrared camera. In this section the theory behind thermography will be given.

21.2 The electromagnetic spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum is divided arbitrarily into a number of wavelength regions, called bands, distinguished by the methods used to produce and detect the radiation. There is no fundamental difference between radiation in the different bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. They are all governed by the same laws and the only differences are those due to differences in wavelength.

Figure 21.1 The electromagnetic spectrum. 1: X-ray; 2: UV; 3: Visible; 4: IR; 5: Microwaves; 6: Radiowaves.

Thermography makes use of the infrared spectral band. At the short-wavelength end the boundary lies at the limit of visual perception, in the deep red. At the long-wavelength end it merges with the microwave radio wavelengths, in the millimeter range.

The infrared band is often further subdivided into four smaller bands, the boundaries of which are also arbitrarily chosen. They include: the near infrared (0.75–3 μm), the middle infrared (3–6 μm), the far infrared (6–15 μm) and the extreme infrared (15–100 μm). Although the wavelengths are given in μm (micrometers), other units are often still used to measure wavelength in this spectral region, e.g. nanometer (nm) and Ångström (Å).

The relationships between the different wavelength measurements is:

21.3 Blackbody radiation

A blackbody is defined as an object which absorbs all radiation that impinges on it at any wavelength. The apparent misnomer black relating to an object emitting radiation is explained by Kirchhoff’s Law (after Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1824–1887), which states that a body capable of absorbing all radiation at any wavelength is equally capable in the emission of radiation.

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Theory of thermography

Figure 21.2 Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (1824–1887)

The construction of a blackbody source is, in principle, very simple. The radiation characteristics of an aperture in an isotherm cavity made of an opaque absorbing material represents almost exactly the properties of a blackbody. A practical application of the principle to the construction of a perfect absorber of radiation consists of a box that is light tight except for an aperture in one of the sides. Any radiation which then enters the hole is scattered and absorbed by repeated reflections so only an infinitesimal fraction can possibly escape. The blackness which is obtained at the aperture is nearly equal to a blackbody and almost perfect for all wavelengths.

By providing such an isothermal cavity with a suitable heater it becomes what is termed a cavity radiator. An isothermal cavity heated to a uniform temperature generates blackbody radiation, the characteristics of which are determined solely by the temperature of the cavity. Such cavity radiators are commonly used as sources of radiation in temperature reference standards in the laboratory for calibrating thermographic instruments, such as a FLIR Systems camera for example.

If the temperature of blackbody radiation increases to more than 525°C (977°F), the source begins to be visible so that it appears to the eye no longer black. This is the incipient red heat temperature of the radiator, which then becomes orange or yellow as the temperature increases further. In fact, the definition of the so-called color temperature of an object is the temperature to which a blackbody would have to be heated to have the same appearance.

Now consider three expressions that describe the radiation emitted from a blackbody.

21.3.1 Planck’s law

Figure 21.3 Max Planck (1858–1947)

Max Planck (1858–1947) was able to describe the spectral distribution of the radiation from a blackbody by means of the following formula:

where:

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Theory of thermography

λb

Blackbody spectral radiant emittance at wavelength λ.

Velocity of light = 3 × 10

m/s

h Planck’s constant = 6.6 × 10

-34

Joule sec.

k Boltzmann’s constant = 1.4 × 10

-23

Joule/K.

T Absolute temperature (K) of a blackbody.

λ Wavelength (μm).

NOTE

The factor 10

-6

is used since spectral emittance in the curves is expressed in Watt/m2, μm.

Planck’s formula, when plotted graphically for various temperatures, produces a family of curves. Following any particular Planck curve, the spectral emittance is zero at λ = 0, then increases rapidly to a maximum at a wavelength λ

max

and after passing it approaches zero again at very long wavelengths. The higher the temperature, the shorter the wavelength at which maximum occurs.

Figure 21.4 Blackbody spectral radiant emittance according to Planck’s law, plotted for various absolute temperatures. 1: Spectral radiant emittance (W/cm

× 103(μm)); 2: Wavelength (μm)

21.3.2 Wien’s displacement law

By differentiating Planck’s formula with respect to λ, and finding the maximum, we have:

This is Wien’s formula (after Wilhelm Wien, 1864–1928), which expresses mathematically the common observation that colors vary from red to orange or yellow as the temperature of a thermal radiator increases. The wavelength of the color is the same as the wavelength calculated for λ

max

. A good approximation of the value of λ

max

for a given blackbody temperature is obtained by applying the rule-of-thumb 3 000/T μm. Thus, a very hot star such as Sirius (11 000 K), emitting bluish-white light, radiates with the peak of spectral radiant emittance occurring within the invisible ultraviolet spectrum, at wavelength 0.27 μm.

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Theory of thermography

Figure 21.5 Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928)

The sun (approx. 6 000 K) emits yellow light, peaking at about 0.5 μm in the middle of the visible light spectrum.

At room temperature (300 K) the peak of radiant emittance lies at 9.7 μm, in the far infrared, while at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K) the maximum of the almost insignificant amount of radiant emittance occurs at 38 μm, in the extreme infrared wavelengths.

Figure 21.6 Planckian curves plotted on semi-log scales from 100 K to 1000 K. The dotted line represents the locus of maximum radiant emittance at each temperature as described by Wien's displacement law. 1: Spectral radiant emittance (W/cm

(μm)); 2: Wavelength (μm).

21.3.3 Stefan-Boltzmann's law

By integrating Planck’s formula from λ = 0 to λ = ∞, we obtain the total radiant emittance (W

) of a blackbody:

This is the Stefan-Boltzmann formula (after Josef Stefan, 1835–1893, and Ludwig Boltz- mann, 1844–1906), which states that the total emissive power of a blackbody is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature. Graphically, W

represents the area below the Planck curve for a particular temperature. It can be shown that the radiant emittance in the interval λ = 0 to λ

max

is only 25% of the total, which represents about the

amount of the sun’s radiation which lies inside the visible light spectrum.

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Theory of thermography

Figure 21.7 Josef Stefan (1835–1893), and Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906)

Using the Stefan-Boltzmann formula to calculate the power radiated by the human body, at a temperature of 300 K and an external surface area of approx. 2 m

, we obtain 1 kW. This power loss could not be sustained if it were not for the compensating absorption of radiation from surrounding surfaces, at room temperatures which do not vary too drastically from the temperature of the body – or, of course, the addition of clothing.

21.3.4 Non-blackbody emitters

So far, only blackbody radiators and blackbody radiation have been discussed. However, real objects almost never comply with these laws over an extended wavelength region – although they may approach the blackbody behavior in certain spectral intervals. For example, a certain type of white paint may appear perfectly white in the visible light spectrum, but becomes distinctly gray at about 2 μm, and beyond 3 μm it is almost black.

There are three processes which can occur that prevent a real object from acting like a blackbody: a fraction of the incident radiation α may be absorbed, a fraction ρ may be reflected, and a fraction τ may be transmitted. Since all of these factors are more or less wavelength dependent, the subscript λ is used to imply the spectral dependence of their definitions. Thus:

• The spectral absorptance α

= the ratio of the spectral radiant power absorbed by an

object to that incident upon it.

• The spectral reflectance ρ

= the ratio of the spectral radiant power reflected by an ob-

ject to that incident upon it.

• The spectral transmittance τ

= the ratio of the spectral radiant power transmitted

through an object to that incident upon it.

The sum of these three factors must always add up to the whole at any wavelength, so we have the relation:

For opaque materials τλ= 0 and the relation simplifies to:

Another factor, called the emissivity, is required to describe the fraction ε of the radiant emittance of a blackbody produced by an object at a specific temperature. Thus, we have the definition:

The spectral emissivity ε

= the ratio of the spectral radiant power from an object to that

from a blackbody at the same temperature and wavelength. Expressed mathematically, this can be written as the ratio of the spectral emittance of

the object to that of a blackbody as follows:

Generally speaking, there are three types of radiation source, distinguished by the ways in which the spectral emittance of each varies with wavelength.

• A blackbody, for which ε

= ε = 1

• A graybody, for which ε

= ε = constant less than 1

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