Fisher ControlWave Designer Reference Manual Manuals & Guides

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SECTION 1 – EVEN HEADER

NOTICE

The information in this document is subject to change without no tice. Every effort has been
made to supply complete and accurate information. However, Bristol Babcock assumes no
responsib ility for an y er ror s that may appear in this document.

Bristol Babcock does not guar ant ee the accuracy, sufficiency or suitability of the softw ar e
delivered herewith. The Customer shall inspect and test such software and other materials to
his/her s a tisfaction before using t he m with impor tant data.

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for a particular purpose, concerning the software and other materials delivered herewith.

Request for Additional Instructions

Additional copies of instruction manuals may be ordered from the address below per attention
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This manual was adapted from the MULTIPROG wt manual, created by KW Software.

_

MULTIPROG wt is a registered trademark of Kl

Other trademarks or co pyrighted products mentioned in this document are for information
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Copyright (c) 2001, Bristol Babcock, 1100 Buckingham St., Watertown, CT 06795. No part
of this manual may be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of
Bristol Babc ock.

pper und Weige Software GmbH.

SECTION 1 – FOOTER - EVEN

A Few Words About Bristol Babcock

For over 100 years, Bristol has been providing innovative solutions for the measurement and
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On off-shore o il platforms, on natural gas pipelines, and maybe even at your local water company,
there are Bristo l Babcock instruments, contr ollers, and systems running year-in and year-out to
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Getting Additional Information

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Contacting Bristol Babcock Directly

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-i

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ii

Who Should Read This Document?

Th is document is in tended t o b e r ead by a System E n gineer who will be using Contr olWave
Designer software to configure their ControlWave contro ller. This manual was adapted from the
Kl_pper und Weige (KW) MULTIPROG wt manual.

Th is document assu mes familiarity with the follo wing subjec ts:

• Windows™ applications and PC’s. I n p a rt icular , use rs must b e fa milia r w ith how to p oint a nd

click with a mouse, enter data in dialog boxes, make selections, etc.

• IEC 61131 terminology. If you are unfamiliar with the se sub jects , please consult t he help files

(accessible via the question mark '?' menu item in ControlWave Designer).

• ControlWav econtro ller hardware . This documen t ass umes the controller has been inst alled

and tested, and t hat ControlWave software has also been installed. For information on the
Contro lWave hardware, please consult document# CI-Cont r olWave.

-iii

iv

Contents

INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 1-1

ControlWave Designer - a highly efficient, powerful and complete tool.....................1-1

What kind of documentation do you get?..................................................................1-2

Symbols and textual conventions..............................................................................1-3

CONTROLWAVE DESIGNER AND IEC 61131-3.............................................................2-1

What is IEC 61131-3?...............................................................................................2-1

Configuration elements..............................................................................................2-2

Configurations.......................................................................................................2-2

Resources.............................................................................................................2-2

Tasks....................................................................................................................2-2

Configurations elements.......................................................................................2-3

POUs, programs, function blocks and functions........................................................2-4

Program organization units - POUs ......................................................................2-4

POUs....................................................................................................................2-6

Instantiation ..........................................................................................................2-6

Declaration and instruction part of a POU.............................................................2-7

Variables and data types...........................................................................................2-8

Projects ...................................................................................................................2-10

Libraries...................................................................................................................2-10

Programming languages and SFC..........................................................................2-11

GETTING STARTED..................................................................................................... 3-1

System requirements.................................................................................................3-1

Hardware requirements.........................................................................................3-1

Software requirements..........................................................................................3-1

Installing the program................................................................................................3-2

Calling the program...................................................................................................3-2

Using mouse and keyboard.......................................................................................3-3

User interface............................................................................................................3-4

ControlWave Designer Refer ence M anual Contents • i

Menu.....................................................................................................................3-5

Toolbars................................................................................................................3-8

Defining keyboard shortcuts with the Shortcut Manager.....................................3-10

Main screen and workspace ...............................................................................3-15

Message window................................................................................................3-16

Cross reference window......................................................................................3-17

Status bar ...........................................................................................................3-21

Using help...............................................................................................................3-22

Editors.....................................................................................................................3-24

The project manager - a powerful tool for program organization.........................3-24

The graphic editor - easy programming in SFC, FBD and LD .............................3-26

The text editor - easy programming in IL and ST................................................3-27

The pagelayout editor - creating pagelayouts for printing...................................3-27

The Edit Wizard .......................................................................................................3-28

Overview window for graphical worksheets.............................................................3-32

Exiting worksheets...................................................................................................3-33

Exiting the program.................................................................................................3-34

HANDLING AND EDITING PROJECTS ............................................................................. 4-1

Creating a new project...............................................................................................4-1

Creating a new project using the Project Wizard ..................................................4-1

Creating a new project using a template...............................................................4-3

Changing the properties of existing POUs.................................................................4-5

Inserting new POUs...................................................................................................4-7

Inserting worksheets..................................................................................................4-8

Announcing libraries................................................................................................4-10

Deleting worksheets, POUs or libraries...................................................................4-12

Saving changes in worksheets while editing...........................................................4-13

Saving the existing project under a new name ........................................................4-14

Zipping the project files into an archive file..............................................................4-15

Saving an existing project as a template.................................................................4-16

Translating the project language.............................................................................4-17

Exporting a project translation file.......................................................................4-17

Importing a project translation file.......................................................................4-19

Switching the project language...........................................................................4-20

ControlWave Designer Refer ence M anual Contents • ii

LITERALS, DATA TYPES AND VARIABLES...................................................................... 5-1

Literals.......................................................................................................................5-1

Numeric literals.....................................................................................................5-1

Character string literals.........................................................................................5-2

Duration literals.....................................................................................................5-2

Introduction to the IEC data types.............................................................................5-2

Elementary data types...............................................................................................5-3

Generic data types....................................................................................................5-4

User defined data types ............................................................................................5-4

Array data types........................................................................................................5-5

Declaring arrays....................................................................................................5-5

Programming example..........................................................................................5-6

Multi-dimensional arrays.......................................................................................5-7

Initializing arrays...................................................................................................5-7

Structured data types................................................................................................5-8

Programming example..........................................................................................5-8

Arrays of structures...............................................................................................5-8

Structures with arrays ...........................................................................................5-9

Initializing structures .............................................................................................5-9

String data types .....................................................................................................5-10

Declaring strings.................................................................................................5-10

Programming example........................................................................................5-10

Calling the text editor with the data type worksheet ................................................5-10

Editing type declarations using the Edit Wizard.......................................................5-11

Symbolic, located variables and directly represented variables...............................5-13

Global and local variables .......................................................................................5-14

Retentive variables..................................................................................................5-14

Initializing variables .................................................................................................5-15

Variable declaration keywords.................................................................................5-15

Declaring variables..................................................................................................5-18

Instantiation.............................................................................................................5-20

ControlWave Designer Refer ence M anual Contents • iii

EDITING IN ST............................................................................................................6-1

Calling the text editor with a ST worksheet................................................................6-1

Introduction to ST......................................................................................................6-2

Inserting and editing assignment statements............................................................6-3

Inserting and editing further statements....................................................................6-4

Inserting statements using the Edit Wizard ...............................................................6-5

Inserting variables.....................................................................................................6-7

Calling functions or function blocks using the Edit Wizard.......................................6-10

EDITING IN IL............................................................................................................. 7-1

Calling the text editor with an IL worksheet...............................................................7-1

Instructions, operators, modifiers and operands........................................................7-2

Inserting instructions using the Edit Wizard...............................................................7-4

Inserting variables.....................................................................................................7-6

Using jumps and labels .............................................................................................7-9

Calling functions or function blocks using the Edit Wizard.......................................7-10

EDITING IN FBD......................................................................................................... 8-1

Calling the graphic editor with a FBD worksheet.......................................................8-1

Introduction to FBD ...................................................................................................8-2

Inserting functions and function blocks using the Edit Wizard ...................................8-3

Changing the properties of functions and function blocks.........................................8-5

Replacing functions and function blocks ...................................................................8-6

Inserting variables.....................................................................................................8-6

Connecting objects....................................................................................................8-9

Negation of inputs and outputs................................................................................8-13

Duplicating inputs of functions.................................................................................8-14

EDITING IN LD ........................................................................................................... 9-1

Calling the graphic editor with a LD worksheet..........................................................9-1

LD networks, contacts, coils and power rails.............................................................9-2

Inserting contacts and coils.......................................................................................9-4

Inserting serial contacts and coils..............................................................................9-5

Inserting parallel contacts or coils..............................................................................9-6

Using the LD branch edit mode.................................................................................9-7

Changing the properties of contacts and coils...........................................................9-8

Inserting variables...................................................................................................9-11

Calling functions or function blocks using the Edit Wizard.......................................9-11

ControlWave Designer Refer ence M anual Contents • iv

EDITING IN SFC....................................................................................................... 10-1

Calling the graphic editor with a SFC worksheet.....................................................10-1

Introduction to SFC .................................................................................................10-2

Inserting a first SFC network...................................................................................10-3

Inserting more steps and transitions........................................................................10-4

Changing an initial step into a normal step or vice versa.........................................10-6

Inserting alternative branches .................................................................................10-7

Inserting simultaneous branches .............................................................................10-9

Using the SFC branch edit mode ..........................................................................10-11

Inserting variables for actions................................................................................10-12

Inserting variables for transitions...........................................................................10-14

Calling functions....................................................................................................10-18

Action and transition details...................................................................................10-18

COMPILING, DOWNLOADING AND DEBUGGING ............................................................11-1

Inserting configurations, resources and tasks.........................................................11-1

Associating programs to tasks.................................................................................11-4

Compiling a project..................................................................................................11-5

Compiling a project using ’Make’.............................................................................11-6

Patching POUs ........................................................................................................11-8

Downloading the project........................................................................................11-10

Calling worksheets in online mode........................................................................11-13

Adjusting the online layout and notation of online values......................................11-17

Switching between online and offline mode ..........................................................11-18

Switching to address status and powerflow...........................................................11-19

Forcing and overwriting variables..........................................................................11-21

Setting and resetting breakpoints..........................................................................11-23

Debugging with set breakpoints ............................................................................11-25

Using the watch window ........................................................................................11-27

Debugging user defined data types using the watch window................................11-29

Using the Logic Analyzer .......................................................................................11-31

ControlWave Designer Refer ence M anual Contents • v

PRINTING YOUR PROJECT WITH A CUSTOMIZED PAGELAYOUT...................................... 12-1

Printing the project..................................................................................................12-1

Controlling the print process using the dialog ’Print Project’ ...............................12-1

Defining a pagelayout as default pagelayout......................................................12-4

Using the pagelayout editor.....................................................................................12-6

Creating a new pagelayout.................................................................................12-6

Defining the source area.....................................................................................12-7

Inserting elements in your pagelayout................................................................12-9

Editing environment items.................................................................................12-10

Using preview........................................................................................................12-11

ControlWave Designer Refer ence M anual Contents • vi

Introduction

This chapter provides information about...

o

the programming system

o

the system documentation

o

conventions used in this manual

ControlWave Designer Refer ence M a nual Introduction

BLANK PAGE

Introduction

ControlWave Designer - An Introduction

ControlWave Designer was developed using the industry leading KW

Software MULTIPROG wt tools, to provide an IEC 61131-3 programming
environment for ControlWave Process Automation Controllers.
MULTIPROG wt supports development and debugging of IEC 61131-3
programs. ControlWave Designer extends the capabilities of MULTIPROG
wt to provide additional process control, alarming, and historical data
storage functionality.

The ControlWave Process Automation Controller uses KW Software’s
ProConOS high performance runtime engine to execute the application
load programs created using ControlWave Designer. The same ProConOS
runtime engine is used within the I/O Simulator to allow the user to run
simulations of application load programs, for testing and debugging
purposes, on the PC, prior to downloading them into the ControlWave
controller.

The programming system offers powerful features for the different
developing phases of a PLC application:

∗ Edit
∗ Compile
∗ Debug
∗ Print

The programming system is based on a modern 32 bit windows
technology, providing comfortable handling using zooming, scrolling,
customizable toolbars, drag & drop operations, a shortcut manager and
dockable windows.

The system allows especially handling of several configurations and
resources within one project, including libraries and disposes of a powerful
debug system. Projects are displayed and can be edited using a
comfortable project tree editor in order to make the complexity of the IEC
61131-3 structure as simple and transparent as possible. Owing to the

ControlWave Designer Refer ence M a nual Introduction • 1-1

project tree editor easy inserting and editing of POUs, Data Types,
Libraries and configuration elements is possible.

The programming system consists of a PLC independent kernel for
programming in the various IEC programming languages, such as the
textual languages ST and IL as well as the graphical languages FBD, LD
and SFC. Each editor provides an Edit Wizard for fast and easy inserting
pre-edited keywords, statements, operators, functions and function blocks.
The Edit Wizard can also be used to declare variables and data types.
The independent kernel is completed with specific parts adapted to the
different PLCs.

The new easy Online handling and the 32 bit simulation offers fast
powerflow debug functionality and a real time multitasking test
environment.

A comfortable tool for project documentation is implemented for printing
the project documentation alternatively in a time-saving optimized way
(using less paper) or with a stylish customized page layout.

What kind of documentation do you get?

The documentation is divided into several parts. For an understanding of
all parts we are assuming knowledge about using MS-Windows.

• Getting Started with ControlWave Designer (document# D5085) - This
manual contains introductory examples for generating a simple
ControlWave program, setting up alarming, and configuring historical
data storage.

• ControlWave Designer Reference Manual (document# D5088) - THE
DOCUMENT YOU ARE READING RIGHT NOW. This manual provides
all background information for a better understanding of the concepts
of the PLC programming system and of the operations to be done. All
steps from starting the program, editing worksheets up to exiting are
described with several examples and figures. The manual should be
used by users wishing to get a complete overview about how to realize
a PLC program.

• The context-sensitive Help which can be called by pressing F1
provides detailed and reference information for all program parts. The
context-sensitive Help consists of several parts. A general part
describes the general programming system features, which are not
PLC-specific. The specific part describes all objects, dialogs and
operations which differ from PLC to PLC. It should be used by
experienced users having a concrete problem and searching for
detailed information. Context-sensitive Help is also available for
functions and function blocks, which can be inserted using the Edit
Wizard.

&

ControlWave Designer Refer ence M a nual Introduction • 1-2

Please refer also to your hardware documentation for PLC specific
information.

Symbols and textual conventions

The following symbols are used in this manual:
* is used for enumeration.

• is used for an operation which has to be done.

ß

is used for an operation which is optional.

8 is used for a sequence of operations to be done with the mouse.

In the procedures described in this manual the instructions ’click’
and ’double click’ relate to the left mouse button. If the right
mouse button is meant (e.g. to open an object context menu) this
is explicitly mentioned.

7 is used for a sequence of operations to be done with the

keyboard.

Notes are used to provide important information.

&

The book symbol is used to introduce references to other
documents or chapters of this manual.

The Online help symbol is used to introduce references to the
programming system help or PLC h elp.

The following textual conventions have been set up for this manual:
’ commas are used for names of icons, menu items or

proper names of objects e.g. menu item ’Cut’; function
block ’Level’.

<ALT> brackets are used for the name of keys on your

keyboard and for words you have to enter.
<ALT> + <F4> is used if you have to press two keys at the same time.
editor name Italic letters are used as place holders for proper

names.

ControlWave Designer Refer ence M a nual Introduction • 1-3

BLANK PAGE

ControlWave
Designer and
IEC 61131-3

This chapter provides information about...

o purpose and contents of IEC 61131-3
o configuration elements
o POUs, programs, function blocks and

functions

o variables and data types
o projects
o libraries
o programming languages and SFC

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3

ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3

What is IEC 61131-3?

The standard IEC 61131 has been established to standardize the mult iple
languages, sets of instructions and different concepts existing in the field of
automation systems. The great variety of PLC concepts has led to an
incompatibility between the different PLC plat forms and manufacturers.
The result was a great effort to be m ade for training, hard- and software
investments.

IEC 61131 standardizes the programming languages, the int er faces
between PLC and programming system, the sets of instructions and the
handling and structuring of projects. The advantage of using IEC 61131
conform PLCs and programming systems is a port ability of all platforms
and the use of same concepts reducing costs for automation systems.

The standard consists of several parts and technical r epor t s . The t hird part
of the standard is dedicated to programming languages.

Obviously this standard has a great influence on the concept, st r uct ure,
features and the handling of a programming system and the way to
program the system.

The main changes that have come with IEC 61131-3 are:
∗ Declaration of variables is similar to the variable declaration in higher

programming languages.

∗ Declaration of data types is possible.
∗ Global and local data can be differentiated.
∗ Programming means symbolic programming.

For a better understanding and an easier programming some IEC basics
and their realization in your programming system are described in the
following sections.

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3 • 2-1

Configuration elements

An IEC 61131-3 conform PLC programming system reflects the hardware
structure with the configuration elem ent s .

These configuration elements are basically:

∗ Configurations
∗ Resources
∗ Tasks

Configurations

A configuration can be compared to a programmable controller system,
e.g. a rack. In a configuration one or several resources can be defined.

Resources

A resource can be compared to a CPU which can be inserted in the rack.
In a resource global variables can be declared, which are only valid within
this resource. In a resource one or several tasks can be executed.

Tasks

Tasks determine the time scheduling of the programs associated with
them. This means that programs have to be associated to tasks. The
settings of the task determine the time scheduling.

IEC 61131-3 describes different time scheduling which lead to three
different task types:

∗ Cyclic tasks are activated in a certain t ime interval and the program is

executed periodically.

∗ Event or interrupt tasks are activated if a cert ain event has happened.
∗ System tasks will be activated if an error occurs when executing the

PLC program. System tasks are associated with system programs.

Each task has a certain priority. In so called preem pt ive scheduling
systems, an active task with low priority is interrupted immediately, when a
task with higher priority becomes active due to a certain event. In systems
with non-preemptive scheduling, task interruptions by tasks with higher
priority are not possible.

The supported task types depend on the used PLC.

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3 • 2-2

Configurations elements

Configuration elements are represented gr aphically in the project tree.
They are grouped together in the subtree ’Physical Hardware’.

Configuration
Resource

Directory for tasks
Task ’DEFAULT’

Program instance of program CONTAIN

Worksheet for global variables
Worksheet f or I/O configuration

Tab ’Hardware’ activated

Figure 2-1: An example of configuration elements

The programming system reflects the structure of configuration elements in
the subtree ’Physical Hardware’ which may differ from PLC to PLC. In
figure 2-1 the subtree ’Physical Hardware’ with the configuration elements
for ProConOS is shown.

In general one or several configurations can be used. In ever y
configuration one or several resources can be declared. Several tasks with
their associated programs can be used within one resource.

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3 • 2-3

POUs, programs, function blocks and functions

Program organization units - POUs

Program organization units or POUs are the language elements of a PLC
program. They are small, independent soft war e unit s containing the
program code. The name of a POU should be unique within the project.

In IEC 61131-3 three types of POUs are distinguished referring to their
different use:

∗ Functions
∗ Function blocks
∗ Programs

Functions

Functions are POUs with multiple input paramet er s and exact ly one out put
parameter. Calling a function with the sam e values r eturns always the
same result. Return values can be single data types. Wit hin a function it is
possible to call another function but not a function block or a pr ogr am.
Recursive calls are not allowed.

Function blocks

IEC 61131-3 lists different types of st andard functions:

∗ Type conversion functions, such as INT_TO_REAL
∗ Numerical functions, such as ABS and LOG
∗ Standard arithmetic functions, such as ADD and M UL
∗ Bit-string functions, such as AND and SHL
∗ Selection and comparison functions, such as SEL and GE
∗ Character string functions, such as RIGHT and INSERT
∗ Functions of time data types, such as SUB with the dat a t ype TIME

Function blocks are POUs with multiple input/output parameters and
internal memory. The value returned by a f unct ion block depends on t he
value of its internal memory. Wit hin a f unction block it is possible to call
another function block or functions. Recursive calls are not allowed.

IEC 61131-3 lists different types of standard function blocks:

∗ Bistable elements, such as SR and RS
∗ Edge detection function blocks, such as R_TRIG and F_TRIG
∗ Counters, such as CTU and CTD
∗ Timer function blocks, such as TON and TOF

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3 • 2-4

Programs

Programs are POUs which contain a logical combination of f unctions and
function blocks according to the needs of the controller process. The
behavior and the use of programs are similar to function blocks. Programs
can have an internal memory. Programs must be associated to tasks.

Within a program it is possible to call functions and function blocks.
Recursive calls are not allowed.

Figure 2-2: Diagram of a default task with two programs

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3 • 2-5

POUs

Programs, function blocks and functions can be edited in the project tree.
You can either display the complete project tree or only t he subtree ’Data
Types’ and ’Logical POUs’ by clicking on the tab ’POUs’ as shown in the
following figure.

Directory node for POUs
Program ’Contain’
Function block ’Level’
Function ’Tempera’

Tab ’POUs’ activated

Figure 2-3: Subtree ’Logical POUs’

Instantiation

For reusing function block definitions IEC 61131-3 provides t he possibilit y
of instantiation. This means that the function block code body is defined
once and that its internal memory is allocated to different instances,
different memory regions. Each inst ance has an associat ed identifier
(called instance name) and contains the input and output par am eter and
the internal memory of the funct ion block. A f unct ion block can be
instantiated in another function block or in a program . The instance name
of a function block has to be declared in the VAR declaration of t he
program or function block where it is going to be used. Pr ograms can be
instantiated within resources.

Instances are also displayed in the project tree window. The r elat ed
subtree is made visible by clicking with the left mouse butt on on the tab
’Instances’ as shown in the following figure.

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3 • 2-6

Figure 2-4: Project tree with the instances within the resource ’R_IPC’

Declaration and instruction part of a POU

Every POU consists of two different par t s : The declaration part and the
code body part.

Directory node for the resource
Global variables of the resource
Functions
Directory node for the default t ask

Program instance of program CONTAIN

Tab ’Instances’ activated

In the declaration part all necessary variables are declared.
The instruction or code body part of a POU is the par t in which the

instructions are programmed in the desired programming language.
A POU consists of three types of worksheets . These three worksheets are

represented graphically by icons:

Directory node for POUs

Directory node for FB ’Level’
Description worksheet (optional)
Variables worksheet
Code body worksheet in FBD

Figure 2-5: Worksheets of a function block in FBD

In the description worksheet annotations can be added for docum entation
purposes. In the variable worksheet all variables are going to be edit ed.
The code body worksheet contains the instructions.

In the case of a SFC POU you have two more icons: the directory nodes
for the action and transition worksheets.

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3 • 2-7

Figure 2-6: Icons of a SFC POU

Variables and data types

In IEC 61131-3 programming systems, variables are used instead of direct
addressing of memory regions in former systems. Variables are assigned
automatically to a memory region while com piling. IEC 61131-3
distinguishes different types of variable declarat ions e. g. VAR or
VAR_INPUT. For PLC inputs and outputs direct addressing is possible
using the keyword AT.

Directory node for SFC program
Description worksheet (optional)
Variable worksheet
Code body worksheet in SFC
Directory for transiti on works heets
Directory for action worksheet s

Variables with their properties are declared in the var iable wor ksheet of the
POU.

Data types determine what kind of value the variable can have. Data types
define the initial value, range of possible values and the number of bits.

IEC 61131-3 distinguishes three kinds of data types:

∗ Elementary data types
∗ Generic data types
∗ User defined data types

Elementary data types are data types whose r ange of possible values and
number of bits is defined in IEC 61131-3. Elementary data types are e.g.
BYTE, WORD or BOOL.

Generic data types are data types which include groups of elementary data
types. They are called e.g. ANY_BIT or ANY_INT. ANY_I NT includes e. g.
the elementary data types INT, SI NT, DINT, UINT, USINT and UDINT.
Generic data types are necessary to define what kind of elementary data
types can be connected to inputs or outputs of functions. I f a function can
be connected with ANY_INT it means that variables of the data types INT,
SINT, DINT, UINT, USINT and UDINT can be connect ed.

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3 • 2-8

User defined data types are data types which can be declared by the user .
They have to be defined with a TYPE ... END_TYPE declaration. User
defined data types can be structures or arrays.

User defined data types are declared in the data type worksheet in the
subtree ’Data Types’. You can either display the complete project tree or
only the subtree ’Data Types’ and ’Logical POUs’ by clicking on the tab
’POUs’ as shown in the following figure.

Directory node for data type worksheets

Data type worksheet ’type1’

Tab ’POUs’ activated

&

Figure 2-7: Subtree ’Data Types’

Variables and user defined data types and their declarations are
described in the chapter ’Declaring variables and user defined data types’
of this manual.

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3 • 2-9

Projects

An IEC 61131-3 project contains all necessary elements of an automation
system. It consists of libraries, data types, POUs and the set of
configuration elements (such as resources, tasks and programs) which are
represented in the subtree ’Physical Hardware’. A project is represented in
the project tree.

Subtree ’Libraries’
Subtree ’Data Types’
Subtree ’Logical POUs’
Subtree ’Physical Hardware’

Libraries

Figure 2-8: The project with its subtrees

Libraries are projects which have been announced as libraries. You can
reuse the programs, function blocks, functions and the user defined data
types of the library in the project you ar e edit ing.

Firmware libraries are libraries containing POUs prepared by your PLC
manufacturer. The file extension for firmware libraries is *.fwl.

User libraries are projects which you have created before and f r om which
you want to reuse POUs. The file extension for user libr aries is *.mwt. If a
project is created with an earlier programming system version than

1.3.6.14, the project file name has t he extension *.pwt. Projects which are
created earlier cannot be announced as libraries.

Libraries have an own subtree in the project tree. You can eit her display
the complete project tree or only the subt r ee ’Libraries’ by clicking on the
tab ’Libraries’ as shown in the following figure.

ControlWave Designer Reference Manual ControlWave Designer and IEC 61131-3 • 2-10