Ferris Industries DDSKAV23CE, DDSKAV17CE, DDSKAV15CE User Manual

22880

Rev. 01/2002

TP 100-7056-00-WD-F

OPERATOR’S
MANUAL

Ferris Industries

5375 North Main Street
Munnsville, NY 13409
800-933-6175

HydroWalk Series

Dual Drive Walk-Behind Mowers

Powerheads

Model Number: Description:

DDSKAV15 Dual Drive w/ 15HP Kawasaki
DDSKAV15CE Dual Drive w/ 15HP Kawasaki (Export)
DDSKAV17 Dual Drive w/ 17HP Kawasaki
DDSKAV17CE Dual Drive w/ 17HP Kawasaki (Export)
DDSKAV23 Dual Drive w/ 23HP Kawasaki
DDSKAV23CE Dual Drive w/ 23HP Kawasaki (Export)

FERRIS

48” Mower Decks

Model Number: Description:

DDS48 48” Mower Deck
DDS48R 48” Rear Discharge Mower Deck (Export)

61” Mower Decks

Model Number: Description:

DDS61 61” Mower Deck
DDSH61 61” E-Z Adjust Mower Deck

52” Mower Decks

Model Number: Description:

DDS52 52” Mower Deck
DDS52R 52” Rear Discharge Mower Deck (Export)
DDSH52 52” E-Z Adjust Mower Deck

Ferris Industries

5375 North Main Street
Munnsville, NY 13409

800-933-6175
www.ferrisindustries.com
© Copyright 2002 Ferris Industries

All Rights Reserved. Printed in USA.

FERRIS LIMITED WARRANTY

IMPORTANT

This warranty shall apply ONLY if the warranty registration form has been completed and
returned to Ferris Industries, Inc. within 20 days from the date of delivery.

Ferris Industries, Inc. (Ferris) warrants, in accordance with the provisions below, to the
original purchaser for the period of twenty-four (24) months from the date of delivery of a
Ferris mower that the mower is free from defects in material or workmanship. Ferris’ obli­gation under this warranty is to repair or replace, at Ferris’ election, without charge and at
the place of business of a dealer authorized to handle Ferris mowers, any part or par ts of
the machine which, in the judgment of Ferris, prove to be defective.

THIS WARRANTY AND FERRIS’ OBLIGATION HEREUNDER IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER
WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS
FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE, and all other obligations or liabilities of Ferris for incidental
and consequential damages resulting from the design, manufacture, sale or use of the
machine. No person is authorized to make any warranty or assume for Ferris any liability
not strictly in accordance with this warranty.

This warranty shall not apply to any mower part which, in the judgment of Ferris, has been
altered or tampered with in any way or has been subjected to misuse, neglect or accident,
or has had the serial numbers altered, effaced or removed. This warranty does not apply
to component parts not manufactured by Ferris (motors, batteries, tires, belts) except to
the extent of their individual manufacturer’s guarantees.

Ferris Industries, Inc. is continually striving to improve its products, and therefore reserves
the right to make improvements or change when it becomes practical and possible to do
so, without incurring any obligation to make changes or additions to the equipment sold
previously.

FERRIS

1

Table of Contents

WARNING

Engine exhaust from this product contains
chemicals known, in certain quantities, to cause
cancer,birth defects, or other reproductive harm.

© Copyright 2002 Ferris Industries
All Rights Reserved. Printed in USA.

TP 100-7056-00-WD-F

Identification T ags...............................................2

Safety Rules & Information

Training....................................................................3

Preparation..............................................................3

Operation ................................................................4

Slope Operation......................................................4

Children...................................................................5

Emissions................................................................5

Maintenance and Storage.......................................5

Decals.....................................................................6

CE Compliance Specs............................................7

Features & Controls

Control Functions ....................................................8

Safety Interlock System..........................................9

Operating the Dual Drive Walk-Behind

General Operating Safety.....................................10

Checks Before Starting.........................................10

Starting the Engine ...............................................11

Stopping the Mower..............................................11

Driving the Mower.................................................11

Mowing..................................................................12

Pushing the Mower by Hand.................................12

Storage..................................................................13

Starting After Long Term Storage.........................13

Regular Maintenance

Maintenance Schedule .........................................14

Checking Tire Pressures.......................................14

Checking/Adding Fuel ...........................................15

Fuel Filter..............................................................15

Oil & Filter Change ...............................................15

Check / Change Air FIlter .....................................15

Check Hydraulic Oil Level.....................................15

Lubrication ............................................................16

Battery Maintenance.............................................17

Checking Battery Fluid ......................................17

Cleaning the Battery and Cables.......................17

Servicing the Mower Blades.................................18

Troubleshooting, Adjustments & Ser vice

Troubleshooting the Mower...................................19

Troubleshooting the Mower Deck..........................20

Mowing Height Adjustment...................................21

Deck Leveling Adjustment (DDSH models)..........22

Mowing Height Adjustment (DDSH models).........23

Mower Belt Replacement......................................24

Mower Belt Replacement (DDSH models) ...........25

Transmission Drive Belt Replacement..................26

Transmission Neutral & Tracking Adjustments......27

Neutral Adjustment............................................27

Tracking Adjustment...........................................27

Transmission Maintenance & Service...................28

Changing Oil & Filters .......................................28

PTO Clutch Adjustment ........................................29

Battery Service .....................................................30

Checking the Battery Voltage............................30

Charging A Completely Discharged Battery ......30

Jump Starting with

Auxiliary (Booster) Battery .............................30

Replacement Parts & Accessories..................32

Lawn Care & Mowing Information...............LC-1

International Symbols ...................................LC-8

Technical Manuals.........................................LC-8

NOTE: In this manual, “left” and “right” are referred to as
seen from the operating position.

WARNING

You must read, understand and comply with all safety
and operating instructions in this manual before
attempting to set-up and operate your machine.

Failure to comply with all safety and operating
instructions can result in loss of machine control,
serious personal injury to you and / or bystanders,
and risk of equipment and property damage. The
triangle in the text signifies important cautions or
warnings which must be followed.

2

IDENTIFICATION TAG LOCATIONS

Identification Tags

When contacting your
Authorized Dealer for
replacement parts, service,
or information Y

OU MUST

HAVE THESE NUMBERS.

IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS

Record your model name, unit and mower deck serial
numbers and engine serial number in the space provid­ed for easy reference.

• The Powerhead I.D.tag is located on left-hand side
of the handle bars.

• The Mower Deck I.D. tag is located on the right-hand
side of the mower deck, under the belt shield.

• For location of Engine Serial Number, refer to the
Engine Owner’s Manual.

Be sure to fill out and return the Warranty Registration
Card supplied with your unit.

ENGINE REFERENCE DATA

Model Description Name

Powerhead MODEL Number

PRODUCT REFERENCE DATA

Powerhead SERIAL Number

Dealer Name

Date Purchased

Engine Make/Model

Engine ID/Serial Number

Mower Deck MODEL Number

Mower Deck SERIAL Number

MODEL NO.

SERIAL NO.

FERRIS INDUSTRIES, INC.

MUNNSVILLE, NY 13409

MADE IN THE USA

FERRIS

MODEL NO.

SERIAL NO.

FER RIS IND USTRIES , INC.

MUN NSVILLE , NY 13 409

MAD E IN TH E USA

DATE

MAS S ( kg)

POW ER (kW)

XXXXX

XXXXX

XXXXX

XXXXX

XXXXX

DDSxxxx

DDSxxxx

North American Models

CE Models

Powerhead
Identification
Tag

Mower Deck
Identification
Tag

FERRIS

MODEL NO.

FERRIS INDUSTRIES, INC.

MUNNSVILLE, NY 13409

MADE IN THE USA

SERIAL NO.

MODEL NO.

MASS (kg)

SERIAL NO.

POWER (kW)

FERRIS INDUSTRIES, INC.

MUNNSVILLE, NY 13409

MADE IN THE USA

DATE

3

Read these safety rules and follow them closely. Failure to obey these rules could result in loss of con­trol of unit, severe personal injury or death to you, or bystanders, or damage to property or equipment.

This mo

wing deck is capable of amputating hands and f

eet and throwing objects.

The triangle in

text signifies important cautions or warnings which must be followed.

Safety Rules

& Information

TRAINING

• Read, understand, and follow all instructions in the
manual and on the unit before starting. If the opera­tor(s) or mechanic(s) can not read English it is the
owner’s responsibility to explain this material to them.

• Become familiar with the safe operation of the equip­ment, operator controls, and safety signs.

• All operators and mechanics should be trained. The
owner is responsible for training the users.

• Only allow responsible adults, who are familiar with
the instructions, to operate the unit.

• Never let children or untrained people operate or
service the equipment. Local regulations may
restrict the age of the operator.

• The owner/user can prevent and is responsible for
accidents or injuries occurring to themselves, other
people or property.

• Data indicates that operators, age 60 years and
above, are involved in a large percentage of riding
mower-related injuries. These operators should eval­uate their ability to operate the riding mower safely
enough to protect themselves and others from seri­ous injury.

PREPARATION

• Evaluate the terrain to determine what accessories
and attachments are needed to properly and safely
perform the job. Use only accessories and attach­ments approved by the manufacturer.

• Wear appropriate clothing including safety shoes,
safety glasses and ear protection. Long hair, loose
clothing or jewelry may get tangled in moving parts.

• Inspect the area where the equipment is to be used
and remove all objects such as rocks, toys and wire,
which can be thrown by the machine.

• Use extra care when handling gasoline and other
fuels.They are flammable and vapors are explosive.

a) Use only an approved container.
b) Never remove fuel cap or add fuel with the engine

running. Allow engine to cool before refueling. Do
not smoke.

c) Never refuel or drain the machine indoors.

• Check that operator’s presence controls, safety
switches and shields are attached and functioning
properly. Do not operate unless they are functioning
properly.

Safety Rules & Information

OPERATION

• Never run an engine in an enclosed area.

• Mow only in the daylight or with good artificial light,
keeping away from holes and hidden hazards.

• Be sure all drives are in neutral and parking brake is
engaged before starting engine. Only start engine
from the operator’s position. Use seat belts if provid­ed.

• Be sure of your footing while using pedestrian con­trolled equipment, especially when backing up. Walk,
don't run.

• Do not mow in reverse unless absolutely necessary.
Always look down and behind before and while trav­eling in reverse.

• Be aware of the mower discharge direction and do
not point it at anyone.Do not operate the mower
without either the entire grass catcher or the deflec­tor in place.

• Slow down and use caution when making turns and
when changing directions on slopes.

• Never raise deck with the blades running.

• Never leave a running unit unattended. Always disen­gage the PTO, set parking brake, stop engine, and
remove keys before dismounting. Keep hands and
feet away from the cutting units.

• Turn off the PTO switch to disengage the blades
when not mowing.

• Never operate with guards not securely in place. Be
sure all interlocks are attached, adjusted properly
and functioning properly.

• Never operate with the discharge deflector raised,
removed or altered, unless using a grass catcher.

• Do not change the engine governor setting or over­speed the engine.

• Stop on level ground, lower implements, disengage
drives, engage parking brake, shut off engine before
leaving the operator’s position for any reason includ­ing emptying the grass catchers or unclogging the
chute.

• Stop equipment and inspect blades after striking
objects or abnormal vibration occurs. Make neces­sary repairs before resuming operations.

• Keep hands and feet away from the cutting units.

• Never carry passengers and keep pets and
bystanders away.

• Do not operate the unit while under the influence of
alcohol or drugs.

• Slow down and use caution when making turns and
crossing roads and sidewalks. Stop blades if not
mowing.

• Use care when loading or unloading the machine
into a trailer or truck.

• Use care when approaching blind corners, shrubs,
trees or other objects that may obscure vision.

SLOPE OPERATION

Slopes are a major factor related to loss-of-control and tip­over accidents, which can result in severe injury or death.
All slopes require extra caution.If you cannot back up the
slope or if you feel uneasy on it, do not drive on it.

Do

• Mow across the face of slopes; never up and down.

• Remove obstacles such as rocks, tree limbs, etc.

• Watch for holes, ruts, or bumps. Uneven terrain
could overturn the unit. Tall grass can hide obsta­cles.

• Use slow speed. Choose a slow speed so that you
will not have to stop or change speed while on the
slope.

• Use extra care with grass catchers or other attach­ments. These can change the stability of the unit.

• Keep all movement on the slopes slow and gradual.
Do not make sudden changes in speed or direction.

• See your authorized dealer for recommendations of
available weights to improve stability.

WARNING

Never operate on slopes greater than 20°
(36.4 percent) which is a rise of 7-1/4 feet (220 cm)
vertically in 20 feet (607 cm) horizontally.

Select slow ground speed before driving onto slope.
In addition to front and rear weights, use extra caution
when operating on slopes with rear-mounted grass
catcher.

Mow ACROSS the slope, never up and down the
face, use caution when changing directions and DO
NOT START OR STOP ON SLOPE.

Do Not

•

Do not

start or stop on a slope. If tires lose traction,
disengage the blade(s) and proceed slowly straight
down the slope.

•

Do not

turn on slopes unless necessary, and then,
turn slowly and gradually downhill, if possible.

•

Do not

mow near drop-offs, ditches, or embank­ments.The operator could lose footing or balance or
mower could suddenly turn over if a wheel is over
the edge of a cliff or ditch, or if an edge caves in.

•

Do not

mow on wet grass. Reduced footing or trac­tion could cause sliding.

•

Do not

try to stabilize the unit by putting your foot on
the ground.

•

Do not

mow excessively steep slopes.

•

Do not

use grass catcher on steep slopes.

4

5

Safety Rules & Information

CHILDREN

Tragic accidents can occur if the operator is not alert to
the presence of children. Children are often attracted to
the unit and the mowing activity. Never assume that chil­dren will remain where you last saw them.

• Keep children out of the mowing area and under the
watchful care of another responsible adult.

• Be alert and tur n unit off if children enter the area.

• Before and during reverse operation, look behind and
down for small children.

• Never carry children. They may fall off and be seri­ously injured or interfere with safe unit operation.

• Never allow children to operate the unit.

• Use extra care when approaching blind corners,
shrubs, trees, or other objects that may obscure
vision.

MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE

• Always observe safe refueling and fuel handling
practices when refueling the unit after transportation
or storage.

• Always follow the engine manual instructions for stor­age preparations before storing the unit for both
short and long term per iods.

• Always follow the engine manual instructions for
proper start-up procedures when returning the unit to
service.

• Never store the machine or fuel container inside
where there is an open flame, such as in a water
heater. Allow unit to cool before storing.

• Shut off fuel while storing or transporting. Do not
store fuel near flames or drain indoors.

• Keep all hardware, especially blade attachment bolts,
tight and keep all parts in good working condition.
Replace all worn or damaged decals.

• Never tamper with safety devices. Check their prop­er operation regularly.

• Clean grass and debris from cutting units, drives,
mufflers, and engine to prevent fires. Clean up oil or
fuel spillage.

• Stop and inspect the equipment if you strike an
object. Repair, if necessary, before restarting.

• Never make adjustments or repairs with the engine
running unless specified otherwise.

• Park machine on level ground. Never allow untrained
personnel to service machine.

• Use jack stands to support components when
required.

• Carefully release pressure from components with
stored energy. (eg. springs)

• Disconnect battery or remove spark plug wire before
making any repairs. Disconnect the negative termi­nal first and the positive last. Reconnect positive first
and negative last.

• Use care when checking blades. Wrap the blade(s)
or wear gloves, and use caution when servicing
them. Only replace blades. Never straighten or weld
them.

• Keep hands and feet away from moving parts.

• Charge batteries in an open well ventilated area,
away from spark and flames. Unplug charger before
connecting or disconnecting from battery. Wear pro­tective clothes and use insulated tools.

• Grass catcher components are subject to wear, dam­age, and deterioration, which could expose moving
parts or allow objects to be thrown. Frequently
check components and replace with manufacturer’s
recommended parts, when necessary.

• Check brake operation frequently. Adjust and service
as required.

• Use only factory authorized replacement parts when
making repairs.

• Always comply with factory specifications on all set­tings and adjustments.

• Only authorized service locations should be utilized
for major service and repair requirements.

• Never attempt to make major repairs on this unit
unless you have been properly trained. Improper
service procedures can result in hazardous opera­tion, equipment damage and voiding of manufactur­er’s warranty.

EMISSIONS

• Engine exhaust from this product contains chemicals
known, in certain quantities, to cause cancer, birth
defects, or other reproductive harm.

• Look for the relevant Emissions Durability Period and
Air Index information on the engine emissions label.

6

GENERAL

This unit has been designed and manufactured to pro­vide you with the safety and reliability you would expect
from an industry leader in outdoor power equipment
manufacturing.

Although reading this manual and the safety instructions
it contains will provide you with the necessary basic
knowledge to operate this equipment safely and effec­tively, we have placed several safety labels on the unit to
remind you of this important information while you are
operating your unit.

All DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION and instructional
messages on your mower should be carefully read and
obeyed. Personal bodily injury can result when these
instructions are not followed. The information is for your
safety and it is important.

Safety Decals

The safety decals below are on your unit.
If any of these decals are lost or damaged, replace them

at once. See your local dealer for replacements.
These labels are easily applied and will act as a con-

stant visual reminder to you, and others who may use
the equipment, to follow the safety instructions neces­sary for safe, effective operation.

NOTE: Engine operation and safety decals are supplied
by the engine manufacturer.

Dash Panel Decal

Part No. 22325

Warning Decal
Part No. 22189

Danger Decal

Part No. 1704276

Danger Decal

Part No. 1704277

Warning Decal
Part No. 21818

Warning Decal
Part No. 21818

Warning Decal
Part No. 21159

Danger Decal

Part No. 21411

DANGER

ROTATING CUTTING BLADE

Do not put hands or feet

under mower deck while
blade is rotating.

WARNING

BEWARE OF

POWER DRIVEN PARTS

ROTATING CUTTING BLADE

Do not operate mower
without deflector or entire

1704276

grass catcher in place.

DANGER

1704277

WARNING

THIS MACHINE WILL CLIMB A SLOPE

READ OPERATOR'S MANUAL BEFORE USE.

GREATER THAN IT IS SAFE TO BE ON.

7

CE Compliance Specs

8

Features & Controls
of the Dual Drive Walk-Behind

CONTROL FUNCTIONS

The information below briefly describes the function of individual controls. Starting, stopping, driving, and mowing
require the combined use of several controls applied in specific sequences. To learn what combination and
sequence of controls to use for various tasks see the OPERATION section.

Please take a moment and
familiarize yourself with
the name, location, and
function of these controls
so that you will better
understand the safety and
operating instructions
provided in this manual.

A & B. Forward Speed Control Lever /
Reverse Speed Control Levers

These levers control the ground speed of the mower.
The center lever (A) control the forward ground speed of

both drive wheels.
The left lever controls the steering and reverse ground

speed of the left drive wheel and the right lever controls
the steering and reverse ground speed of the right drive
wheel.

NOTE:The further a lever is moved away from the neu­tral position the faster the drive wheel will turn.

See the Operating the Dual Drive Walk-Behind Mower
section for steering instructions.

C. Ignition Switch

The ignition switch starts and stops the engine, it has
three positions:

OFF Stops the engine and shuts off the

electrical system.

RUN Allows the engine to run and powers the

electrical system.

START Cranks the engine for starting.

NOTE: Never leave the ignition switch in the RUN posi­tion with the engine stopped–this drains the battery.

B

I

B

C

D

F

E

G H

F

A

A. Forward Speed Control Lever
B. Reverse Speed Control Levers
C. Ignition Switch
D. Parking Brake Handle
E. PTO Switch
F. Operator Presence Handles
G. Throttle Control
H. Choke Control
I. Neutral Return Pedal

Figure 1. Control Locations

9

SAFETY INTERLOCK
SYSTEM

This unit is equipped with safety interlock switches.
These safety systems are present for your safety, do not
attempt to bypass safety switches, and never tamper
with safety devices. Check their operation regularly.

Operational SAFETY Checks

Test 1 — Engine should NOT crank if:

• PTO switch is engaged, OR

• Parking brake is not engaged, OR

• Motion control handle is not in the NEUTRAL posi-

tion

Test 2 — Engine SHOULD crank if:

• PTO switch is NOT engaged, AND

• Parking brake is engaged, AND

• Motion control handle is in the NEUTRAL position

Test 3 — Engine should SHUT OFF if:

• Operator releases the operator presence handles
with PTO engaged, OR

• Operator releases the operator presence handles
with parking brake disengaged.

Test 4 — Blade Brake Check

Mower blades and mower drive belt should come to a
complete stop within seven seconds after electric PTO
switch is turned off (or operator releases the operator
presence handles). If mower drive belt does not stop
within seven seconds, see your dealer.

NOTE: Once the engine has stopped, PTO switch must
be turned off, parking brake must be engaged, and the
motion control handle must be returned to the NEU­TRAL position in order to start the engine.

WARNING

If the unit does not pass a safety test, do not
operate it. See your authorized dealer. Under no
circumstance should you attempt to defeat the
purpose of the safety interlock system.

Features & Controls

D. Parking Brake Handle

The parking brake is applied by pushing DOWN on the
parking brake handle until it stops. To release the park­ing brake, pull UP on the handle until it locks over cen­ter.

E. PTO (Power Take Off) Switch

The PTO switch engages and disengages the mower.
Pull UP on the switch to engage, and push DOWN to
disengage.

F. Operator Presence Handles

These handles are a major factor in the safety interlock
system of the mower. Both handles are tied together so
depressing one handle depresses both. The operator
must depress the handles in order to disengage the
parking brake and engage the PTO switch.

G & H. Throttle / Choke Control

Pulling the round choke control knob (H) out fully chokes
the engine for cold starts. (A war m engine may not
require choking.) Moving the throttle control (G) fully
towards the right is FULL throttle position. Always oper­ate the unit at FULL throttle when mowing.

I. Neutral Return Pedal

The neutral return pedal provides a hands-free return to
neutral. This is used in conjunction with the Reverse
Speed Control Levers (B) to properly stop the machine.

See the Operating the Dual Drive Walk-Behind Mower
section for steering instructions.

J. Fuel Shut Off Valve (not shown)

The fuel shut off valve is located under the fuel tank.
Turning the handle until it is VERTICAL will allow fuel to
be supplied to the engine. Turning the handle until it is
HORIZONTAL shuts off the fuel supply to the engine.

10

Operating the Dual Drive
Walk-Behind

GENERAL OPERATING SAFETY

Before first time operation:

• Be sure to read all information in the Safety and
Operation sections before attempting to operate this
tractor and mower.

• Become familiar with all of the controls and how to
stop the unit.

• Drive in an open area without mowing to become
accustomed to the unit.

CHECKS BEFORE STARTING

• Check that crankcase is filled to full mark on dipstick.
See the engine Operator’s Manual for instructions
and oil recommendations.

• Make sure all nuts, bolts, screws and pins are in
place and tight.

• Fill the fuel tank with fresh fuel. Refer to engine
manual for fuel recommendations.

WARNING

Before leaving the operator’s position for any
reason, engage the parking brake, disengage the
PTO, stop the engine and remove the key.

To reduce fire hazard, keep the engine, tractor and
mower free of grass, leaves and excess grease.
Do not stop or park tractor over dry leaves, grass
or combustible materials.

Gasoline is highly flammable and must be
handled with care. Never fill the tank when the
engine is still hot from recent operation. Do not
allow open flame, smoking or matches in the area.
Avoid over-filling and wipe up any spills.

Figure 2. Pre-start Checks

A. Crankcase Oil Fill
B. Fuel Tank Filler Neck

A

B

WARNING

If you do not understand how a specific control
functions, or have not yet thoroughly read the
FEATURES & CONTROLS section, do so now.

Do NOT attempt to operate the tractor without
first becoming familiar with the location and
function of ALL controls.

ST ARTING THE ENGINE

1. Engage the parking brake and make sure the PTO
switch is disengaged and the motion control lever is
in the NEUTRAL position.

2. Set the engine throttle control (G, Figure 1) to FAST
throttle position. Then fully close the choke (H,
Figure 1) by pulling the knob OUT fully.

NOTE: A warm engine may not require choking.

3A.Inser t the key into the ignition switch (C, Figure 1)

and turn it to the RUN position (15hp & 17hp mod­els). Fir mly and shar ply pull the recoil until the
engine starts.

3B.Inser t the key into the ignition switch (C, Figure 1)

and turn it to the START position (23hp model).

4. After the engine starts, gradually open the choke
(push knob down fully).

Warm up the engine by running it for at least a minute
before engaging the PTO switch or driving the mower.

5. After warming the engine, ALWAYS operate the

unit at FULL THROTTLE when mowing.

In the event of an emergency the engine can be
stopped by simply turning the ignition switch to
STOP. Use this method only in emergency situations.

For normal engine shut down follow the procedure given
in STOPPING THE MOWER

STOPPING THE MO WER

1. Gently squeeze both steering control levers (B,
Figure 1) evenly to stop the machine.

3. Once the machine is stopped, firmly depress the
neutral return pedal (I, Figure 1) to place the trans­missions in neutral.

2. Disengage the PTO by pushing down on the PTO
switch (E, Figure 1).

3. Engage the parking brake by pushing the handle (D,
Figure 1) forward until it stops.

4. Move the throttle control (G, Figure 1) to mid-throttle
position and turn the ignition key to OFF Remove
the key.

Operating the Dual Drive Walk-Behind

DRIVING THE MOWER

The hydrostatic transmission has an infinite number of
speeds between full speed forward and reverse, with the
faster speeds being achieved by moving the speed con­trol lever and steering control levers farthest in the direc­tion of travel.

TO MOVE FORWARD

1. Disengage the parking brake.

2. Gently move the speed control lever forward until
desired speed is achieved.

TO MOVE BACKWARD

1. Disengage the parking brake.

2. Gently squeeze both steering control levers evenly,
until desired speed is achieved.

TO SLOW OR STOP MACHINE

1. Gently squeeze both steering control levers evenly to
slow the machine.

2. Continuing to squeeze the steering control levers will
stop the machine.

3. Once the machine is stopped, firmly depress the
neutral return pedal to place the transmissions in
neutral.

TO TURN MACHINE
To make a left-hand turn:

Gently squeeze the left-hand steering control lever. A
sharp or gentle turn is deter mined by the amount of
force applied to the steering control lever.

To make a right-hand turn:

Gently squeeze the right-hand steering control lever. A
sharp or gentle turn is deter mined by the amount of
force applied to the steering control lever.

NOTE: ALWAYS REDUCE SPEED IN A TURN

For normal use, the throttle should be kept fully open
and the ground speed of the machine determined by the
speed control lever. When transporting the machine or
when loading or unloading from a truck or trailer, partial
throttle should be used to slow the reaction time of the
controls and reduce noise.

Practice maneuvering the machine at a slow engine
speed on level ground with the blade engagement switch
in the "OFF" position until you are familiar with the con­trols.

11

12

Operating the Dual Drive Walk-Behind

Figure 3. Hydraulic System By-Pass

A. Hydraulic Release Lever (right-hand side shown)

A

MOWING

Before mowing, set the cutting height as described in
the

Troubleshooting, Adjustments & Service

section.

1. Engage the parking brake. Make sure the PTO
switch is disengaged and the motion control lever is
in the NEUTRAL position.

2. Start the engine (see STARTING THE ENGINE).

3. Set the throttle to FULL.

4. Engage the PTO by pulling up on the PTO switch (E,
Figure 1).

5. Begin mowing. See

Lawn Care

section for tips on
mowing patterns, lawn care, and trouble shooting
information.

6. When finished, shut off the PTO.

7. Stop the engine (see STOPPING THE TRACTOR
AND ENGINE).

PUSHING THE MOWER BY HAND

1. Disengage the PTO, engage the parking brake, turn
the ignition OFF, and remove the key.

2. To disengage the transmissions (free-wheel position),
lift the hydraulic release levers (A, Figure 3) located
in front of the transmission fan screen. Lock into
position shown in Figure 3.

3. Disengage the parking brake.
The mower can now be pushed by hand.

4. After moving the mower, re-engage the transmis­sions (drive position) by unlocking the levers and
returning them to the down position. If the levers are
not completely down, a partial by-pass may potential­ly damage the transmissions.

DO NOT TOW MACHINE

Towing the machine will cause hydraulic
transaxle damage. Do not use another vehi­cle to push or pull this unit.

13

Operating the Dual Drive Walk-Behind

STORAGE

Temporary Storage (30 Days Or Less)

Remember, the fuel tank will still contain some gasoline,
so never store the unit indoors or in any other area
where fuel vapor could travel to any ignition source. Fuel
vapor is also toxic if inhaled, so never store the unit in
any structure used for human or animal habitation.

Here is a checklist of things to do when storing your unit
temporarily or in between uses:

• Keep the unit in an area away from where children
may come into contact with it. If there’s any chance
of unauthorized use, remove the spark plug (s) and
put in a safe place.Be sure the spark plug opening is
protected from foreign objects with a suitable cover.

• If the unit can’t be stored on a reasonable level sur­face, chock the wheels.

• Clean all grass and dirt from the mower.

Long Term Storage (Longer Than 30 Days)

Before you store your unit for the off-season, read the
Maintenance and Storage instructions in the Safety
Rules section, then perform the following steps:

1. Drain crankcase oil while engine is hot and refill with
a grade of oil that will be required when unit is used
again.

2. Prepare the mower deck for storage as follows:

a. Remove mower deck from the unit.
b. Clean underside of mower deck.
c. Coat all bare metal surfaces with paint or light coat

of oil to prevent rusting.

3. Clean external surfaces and engine.

4. Prepare engine for storage.See engine owner’s
manual.

5. Clean any dirt or grass from cylinder head cooling
fins, engine housing and air cleaner element.

6. Cover air cleaner and exhaust outlet tightly with plas­tic or other waterproof material to keep out moisture,
dirt and insects.

7. Completely grease and oil unit as outlined in the
Normal Care section.

8. Clean up unit and apply paint or rust preventative to
any areas where paint is chipped or damaged.

9. Be sure the battery is filled to the proper level with
water and is fully charged. Battery life will be
increased if it is removed, put in a cool, dry place
and fully charged about once a month. If batter y is
left in unit, disconnect the negative cable.

WARNING

Never store the unit, with gasoline in engine or
fuel tank, in a heated shelter or in enclosed,
poorly ventilated enclosures. Gasoline fumes may
reach an open flame, spark or pilot light (such as
a furnace, water heater, clothes dryer,etc.) and
cause an explosion.

Handle gasoline carefully. It is highly flammable
and careless use could result in serious fire
damage to your person or property.

Drain fuel into an approved container outdoors
away from open flame or sparks.

10.Drain fuel system completely or add a gasoline stabi­lizer to the fuel system. If you have chosen to use a
fuel stabilizer and have not drained the fuel system,
follow all safety instructions and storage precautions
in this manual to prevent the possibility of fire from
the ignition of gasoline fumes. Remember, gasoline
fumes can travel to distant sources of ignition and
ignite, causing risk of explosion and fire.

NOTE: Gasoline, if permitted to stand unused for
extended periods (30 days or more), may develop
gummy deposits which can adversely affect the engine
carburetor and cause engine malfunction.To avoid this
condition, add a gasoline stabilizer to the fuel tank and
run the engine a few minutes, or drain all fuel from the
unit before placing it in storage.

STARTING AFTER LONG TERM
STORAGE

Before starting the unit after it has been stored for a long
period of time, perform the following steps.

1. Remove any blocks from under the unit.

2. Install the battery if it was removed.

3. Unplug the exhaust outlet and air cleaner.

4. Fill the fuel tank with fresh gasoline. See engine
manual for recommendations.

5. See engine owner’s manual and follow all instruc­tions for preparing engine after storage.

6. Check crankcase oil level and add proper oil if
necessary. If any condensation has developed during
storage, drain crankcase oil and refill.

7. Inflate tires to proper pressure. Check fluid levels.

8. Start the engine and let it r un slowly. DO NOT run at
high speed immediately after starting. Be sure to run
engine only outdoors or in well ventilated area.

14

Regular
Maintenance

MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE & PROCEDURES

The following schedule should be followed for normal care of your mower. You will need to keep a record of your
operating time.

See Before Before Every Every Every Spring

SAFETY ITEMS Page First Use Each Use 5 Hours 25 Hours 100 Hours & Fall

Check Safety Interlock System 9 X X X
Check Mower Blade Stopping Time 23 X X

See Before Before Every Every Every Spring

NORMAL CARE ITEMS Page First Use Each Use 5 Hours 25 Hours 100 Hours & Fall

Check Rider/Mower for loose hardware — XX
Check Engine Oil Level 15* X X X X
Check Engine Air Filter 15* X ****X
Change Engine Oil & Filter ** 15* ****X Every 50 Hours ****X
Change Transmission Oil & Filters 28 ****X Every 500 Hours
Lubricate Mower & Mower Deck 16 X ****X
Check Mower Deck Belt Tension*** 24/25 X
Check Tire Pressure 14 X ****X
Check Hydraulic Fluid 15 X ****X
Check Fuel Filter 15 X
Clean Battery & Cables 17 X
Clean & Sharpen Mower Blades 18 X
Inspect Spark Plug 15* X

* See the engine manufacturer's owner's manual.

** Change original engine oil after first 5 hours of operation.

*** Check belt tension after first 5 hours of operation.

**** More often in hot (over 85° F: 30° C) weather or dusty operating conditions.

Tire Pressure

Front 25 psi (172 kPa)
Rear 15 psi (103 kPa)

Figure 4. Checking Tire Pressure

CHECK TIRE PRESSURES

Tire pressure should be checked periodically, and main­tained at the levels shown in the chart. Note that these
pressures may differ slightly from the “Max Inflation”
stamped on the side-wall of the tires.The pressures
shown provide proper traction, improve cut quality, and
extend tire life.

15

CHECKING / ADDING FUEL

To add fuel:

1. Remove the fuel cap (see A, Figure 2).

2. Fill the tank to the bottom of the filler neck. This will
allow for fuel expansion.

NOTE: Do not overfill. Refer to your engine manual for
specific fuel recommendations.

3. Install and hand tighten the fuel cap.

4. Repeat same process for opposite tank.

FUEL FILTER

The fuel filter (D, Figure 2) is located in the fuel line
between fuel shut off valve and carburetor, near the fuel
pump. If filter is dir ty or clogged, replace as follows:

1. Shut off the fuel tank selection valve.

2. Disconnect the negative battery cable.

3. Place a container below the filter to catch spilled fuel.

4. Using a pliers, open and slide hose clamps from fuel
filter.

5. Remove hoses from filter.

6. Install new filter in proper flow direction in fuel line.

7. Secure with hose clamps.

8. Reconnect the negative battery cable when finished.

OIL & FILTER CHANGE

Refer to engine owners manual.

CHECK / CHANGE AIR FILTER

Refer to engine owners manual.

REPLACE SPARK PLUG

Refer to engine owners manual.

CHECK HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL

1. Observe the oil reservoirs (B, Figure 2). The oil level
should be at the “FULL” line (C, figure 2).

2. Before removing the reservoir caps, make sure the
area around the reservoir cap is free of dust, dirt, or
other debris.

3. If necessary, unscrew the reservoir cap and add SAE
straight 20 or 30 weight motor oil. DO NOT use
multi-grade oils. Fill until oil level reaches “FULL”
line.

4. Reinstall oil reservoir caps.

Regular Maintenance

WARNING

Gasoline is highly flammable and must be
handled with care. Never fill the tank when the
engine is still hot from recent operation. Do not
allow open flame, smoking or matches in the area.
Avoid over-filling and wipe up any spills.

Do not remove fuel filter when engine is hot, as
spilled gasoline may ignite. DO NOT spread hose
clamps further than necessary. Ensure clamps
grip hoses firmly over filter after installation.

Do not use gasoline containing METHANOL,
gasohol containing more than 10% ethanol,
gasoline additives, premium gasoline, or white
gas because engine/fuel system damage
could result.

D

B

C

Figure 5. Fuel Tank, Oil Reser voir & Fuel Filter

A. Fuel Cap
B. Oil Reservoirs
C. “FULL” Line
D. Fuel Filter

A

16

Regular Maintenance

LUBRICATION

Lubricate the machine at the lubrication points shown in
Figures 6 - 11.

Use grease fittings when present. Disassemble par ts to
apply grease to moving parts when grease fittings are
not installed.

Not all greases are compatible.Ferris Red Grease
(P/N 22285) is strongly recommended. Automotive-type
high-temperature, lithium grease may be used when this
is not available.

Generally, all moving metal parts should be oiled where
contact is made with other parts. Keep oil and grease
off belts and pulleys. Remember to wipe fittings and
surfaces clean both before and after lubrication.

Figure 8. Blade Spindles

Figure 9. Caster Tire Pivots & Axles

Figure 10. Steering Lever Pivots & Operator

Presence Pivots

Figure 11. Parking Brake Lever Pivot & Link Pivot

Figure 6. Motion Control Pivot & Rod Pivot

Figure 7. Lower Motion Control Pivots & Neutral

Return Pedal Pivot

17

Regular Maintenance

BATTERY MAINTENANCE

Checking the Battery Fluid

NOTE: It is not necessar y to check the battery fluid
level if machine is equipped with a maintenance-free
battery.

1. Remove the battery box cover to access the battery.

2. Remove the battery filler cap(s) (A, Figure 12). Fluid
must be even with the split ring full mark. If not, add
distilled water.

3. Reinstall the filler cap(s).

Cleaning the Battery and Cables

1. Disconnect the cables from the battery, negative
cable first (C, Figure 12).

2. Clean the battery ter minals and cable ends with a
wire brush until shiny.

3. Reinstall the battery and reattach the batter y cables,
positive cable first (see B, Figure 12)

4. Coat the cable ends and battery terminals with petro­leum jelly or non-conducting grease.

WARNING

Be careful when handling the battery. Avoid
spilling electrolyte. Keep flames and sparks away
from the battery.

When removing or installing battery cables,
disconnect the negative cable FIRST and reconnect
it LAST .If not done in this order,the positive
terminal can be shorted to the frame by a tool.

A

B

C

Figure 12. Battery Compartment

A. Vent Cap(s)
B. Positive (+) Cable & Terminal
C. Negative (-) Cable & Ter minal

18

SER VICING THE MOWER BLADES

1. Blades should be sharp and free of nicks and dents.
If not, sharpen blades as described in following
steps.

2. Remove the deck guard.

3. Raise the mower deck and secure with jackstands.

4. To remove blade for sharpening, use two (2) 15/16”
wrenches to remove the nut from the top of the blade
bolt. (Figure 13).

5. Use a file or hand-held grinder, sharpen blade to fine
edge. Remove all nicks and dents in blade edge. If
blade is severely damaged, it should be replaced.

6. Balance the blade as shown in Figure 14. Center the
blade’s hole on a nail lubricated with a drop of oil. A
balanced blade will remain level.

7. Reinstall each blade with the tabs pointing up toward
deck as shown in Figure 15. The blade spacers,
blade, washer and bolt must be reinstalled in the
exact same order in which they were removed.
Torque bolts to 70-90 ft.lbs.(94-120 N.m.).

WARNING

For your personal safety, blade mounting bolts
must each be installed with a flat washer then
securely tightened. Torque blade mounting bolts
to 70-90 ft.lbs. (94-120 N.m.)

Nail

Figure 13. Removing the Blade

Figure 14. Balancing the Blade

Figure 15. Installing the Blade

A. Bolt
B. Flat W asher

B

A

Regular Maintenance

LOOSEN

TIGHTEN

19

Troubleshooting

Adjustments & Service

TROUBLESHOOTING

While normal care and regular maintenance will extend
the life of your equipment, prolonged or constant use
may eventually require that service be performed to
allow it to continue operating properly.

The troubleshooting guide below lists the most common
problems, their causes and remedies.

See the information on the following pages for instruc­tions on how to perform most of these minor adjust­ments and service repairs yourself. If you prefer, all of
these procedures can be performed for you by your local
authorized dealer.

WARNING

To avoid serious injury, perform maintenance on
the mower only when the engine is stopped and
the parking brake engaged.

Always remove the ignition key,disconnect the
spark plug wire and fasten it away from the plug
before beginning the maintenance, to prevent
accidental starting of the engine.

TROUBLESHOO TING THE MOWER

PROBLEM CAUSE REMEDY

Engine will not turnover or start. 1. Parking brake not engaged. 1. Engage parking brake.

2. PTO (electric clutch) switch 2. Place in OFF position.
in ON position.

3. Out of fuel. 3. If engine is hot, allow it to cool, then refill

the fuel tank.

4. Engine flooded. 4. Move throttle control out of CHOKE position.

5. Fuse blown. 5. Replace fuse.

6. Battery terminals require 6. Clean the battery terminals
cleaning.

7. Battery discharged or dead. 7. Recharge or replace.

8. Wir ing loose or broken. 8.Visually check wiring & replace broken or

frayed wires.Tighten loose connections.

9. Solenoid or starter motor faulty. 9. Repair or replace. See authorized service dealer

10. Safety interlock switch 10. Replace as needed. See authorized
faulty. service dealer.

11. Spar k plug(s) faulty, fouled 11.Clean and gap or replace.
or incorrectly gapped. See engine manual.

12. Water in fuel. 12. Drain fuel & refill with fresh fuel.

13. Gas is old or stale. 13. Drain fuel & replace with fresh fuel.

Engine starts hard or runs poorly. 1. Fuel mixture too rich. 1. Clean air filter.Check choke adjustment

(throttle control).

2. Spark plug faulty, fouled, or 2. Clean and gap or replace.
incorrectly gapped. (See engine manual.)

Engine knocks. 1. Low oil level. 1. Check/add oil as required.

2. Using wrong grade oil. 2.See engine manual.

Excessive oil consumption. 1. Engine r unning too hot. 1. Clean engine fins, blower screen and

air cleaner.

2. Using wrong weight oil. 2. See engine manual.

3. Too much oil in crankcase. 3. Drain excess oil.

Engine exhaust is black. 1. Dirty air filter. 1. Replace air filter. See engine manual.

2. Engine choke control 2. Open choke control.
is in closed position.

20

Rider Troubleshooting Continued.

PROBLEM CAUSE REMEDY

Engine runs, but mower will 1. Transmission release lever(s) 1.Move into drive position.
not drive. in “neutral” position.

2. Belt is broken. 2. See Drive Belt Replacement.

3. Drive belt slips. 3. See problem and cause below.

4. Brake is not fully released. 4.See authorized service dealer

Transmission drive belt slips. 1. Pulleys or belt greasy or oily. 1. Clean as required.

2. Belt stretched or worn. 2. Replace belt.

Brake will not hold. 1. Internal brake disc on 1. See authorized ser vice dealer

transaxle worn.

Mower steers hard or 1. Steering linkage is loose. 1. Check and tighten any loose connections.
handles poorly. 2. Improper tire inflation. 2. See Regular Maintenance Section.

TROUBLESHOO TING THE MOWER DECK

PROBLEM CAUSE REMEDY

Mower cut is uneven. 1. Mower not leveled properly. 1. See Mower Adjustment.

2. Drive tires not inflated 2. See Regular Maintenance Section.
equally or properly.

Mower cut is rough looking. 1. Engine speed too slow. 1. Set throttle to full.

2. Ground speed too fast. 2. Decrease Ground Speed.

3. Blades are dull. 3.Sharpen or replace blades.

See Mower Blade Service.

4. Mower drive belt slipping 4. Clean or replace belt as necessar y.
because it is oily or worn.

5. Blades not properly fastened 5. See Servicing the Mower Blades.
to arbors.

Engine stalls easily with 1. Engine speed too slow. 1. Set to full throttle.
mower engaged. 2. Ground speed too fast. 2. Decrease Ground Speed.

3. Cutting height set too low. 3. Cut tall grass at maximum cutting

height during first pass.

4. Discharge chute jamming 4. Cut grass with discharge pointing toward
with cut grass. previously cut area.

Excessive mower vibration. 1. Blade mounting screws 1.Tighten to 70-90 ft.lbs.(94-120 N.m.).

are loose.

2. Mower blades, arbors, 2. Check and replace as necessary.
or pulleys are bent.

3. Mower blades are out 3.Remove, sharpen, and balance blades.
of balance. See Maintenance Section.

4. Belt installed incorrectly. 4. Reinstall Correctly.

Excessive belt wear or breakage. 1. Bent or rough pulleys. 1. Repair or replace.

2. Using incorrect belt. 2. Replace with correct belt.

Mower drive belt slips 1. Belt tension improperly adjusted. 1. Adjust belt tension. See Belt Replacement
or fails to drive. 1. Idler pulley spring broken or not 1. Repair or adjust as needed.

properly adjusted.

2. Mower drive belt broken. 2. Replace drive belt.

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

21

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

MOWING HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT

The mowing height is determined by three factors: the
mount position of the mower deck, the number of blade
spacers above the spindle and the number of caster
spacers above the caster arm.

Refer to the

Height Of Cut

chart to the right for the cor­rect settings to obtain the desired height of cut.
Remember, the “Blade Spacers” and “Caster Spacers”
columns refer to the number ABOVE the spindle and
caster arm. See Figure 16.

Mount Blade Caster

Height Of Cut Position Spacers Spacers

(C, Fig. 16) (B, Fig. 16) (A, Fig. 16)

1-3/4” U13

2” U23
2-1/4” U33
2-1/2” U32
2-3/4” L42

3” L21
3-1/4” L31
3-1/2” L30
3-3/4” L40

4” L50

Figure 16. Mowing Height Adjustment Points

A. Caster Spacers
B. Blade Spacers
C. Deck Mount Position (shown in “L”)

C

B

A

B

A

22

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

DECK LEVELING ADJUSTMENT

(DDSH Models only)

1. Make sure there is one spacer above and below the
frame on the front caster shafts and place hairpin
clips in the 2” cutting height position (see Figure 17).

2. Rotate the blade on the RIGHT-HAND side (dis­charge side) until the tip faces the front of the
machine.

Figure 17. Caster Spacers & Hairpin Clip

A. Caster Spacer
B. Hairpin Clip

Figure 18. Front Hanger Shaft Adjustment

A. Jam Nut
B. Front Hanger Shaft

Figure 19. Mowing Height Measurement

Straight Edge

Measure Here

3. Loosen the jam nuts (A, Figure 18) located on the
front deck hanger shafts (B, Figure 18). Turn the
right side shaft until a cutting height of 2” is obtained
at the very tip of the blade towards the front of the
machine.

4. Now place a straight edge on top of the cutter deck
approximately 1” to the outside of the front deck
mount on the right side and measure to the floor
(see Figure 19). Record your measurement.

5. Repeat the measuring procedure listed in Step 4 for
the left-hand side of the mower deck.

6. Compare the measurements taken in Step 4 & 5. If
they differ by more than 1/16”, the front deck hanger
shaft on the LEFT side (non-discharge side) must be
adjusted.

7. Adjust the two front hanger shafts as needed until
the tip of the blade is 2” from the floor and the meas­urements taken from the top of the deck to the floor
are within 1/16" of each other.

8. Once the level of the deck has been adjusted, there
should be no slack in the front hanger shafts. If one
shaft moves, a shim (P/N 20928) is required.

A

B

B

A

23

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

Figure 20. Shim Assembly Position

A. Shim
B. Spacer
C. Retaining Collar

Figure 21. Proper Shim Location

B

Shimming the Hanger Shafts

Once it has been determined that a shim (P/N 20928) is
required, you first must determine which rear hanger
shaft requires the shim.

The shim (A, Figure 20) must be placed in between the
spacer (B, Figure 20) and the retaining collar (C, Figure

20) on the OPPOSITE side from which the front shaft
has movement or slack (see Figure 21).

Once the shim has been assembled in the proper loca­tion, repeat Step 2 - 8 in the

DECK LEVELING

ADJUSTMENT

section. This adjustment may need to
be repeated more than once until the proper number of
shims has been installed to obtain the proper cutting
height, equal measurements from side to side and no
movement of the front hanger shafts.

Figure 22. Mowing Height Adjustment

A. Height Selection Decal
B. Caster Spacer
C. Hairpin Clip

MOWING HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT

(DDSH Models only)

Refer to the Height Selection decal (A, Figure 22) locat­ed on the deck hanger frame and adjust the positions of
the caster spacers and hairpins to obtain the desired
mowing height. Perform adjustment to all four shafts.

A

A

C

B

C

CUTTING HEIGHT

CASTER SPACER PLACEMENT

2-1/4

2
2-1/2
3
3-1/2
4
4-1/2

1-3/4
2-1/4
2-3/4
3-1/4
3-3/4
4-1/4

2-3/4
3-1/4
3-3/4
4-1/4
4-3/4

46028

24

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

MOWER BELT REPLACEMENT AND
ADJUSTMENT

PTO Clutch to Deck Belt

1. Park the machine on a smooth, level surface such as
a concrete floor. Disengage the PTO, engage the
parking brake, turn off the engine, and remove the
ignition key.

2. Remove the mower deck guard.

3. Remove the rear engine deck guard.

4. Loosen the wing nut (C, Figure 23) to release the
belt tension on the deck drive belt (B, Figure 23).

5. Slide the drive belt over the edge of the spindle pul­ley and then slide the belt around the idler pulley.
Drop the belt from the PTO clutch pulley groove.

6. Remove the old belt and replace with a new one.
Make sure the V-side of the belt runs in the pulley
grooves.

7. Install the drive belt on the PTO pulley, the idler pul­ley and center spindle pulley. Tighten the wing nut
(C, Figure 23) until a 10 lb. (44.5 newton) force is
required to deflect the belt 1/2” (1,27cm) between the
idler pulley and center spindle pulley. Jam hex nut
(D, Figure 23) against anchor. See Figure 23.

8. Run the mower under no-load condition for about 5
minutes to break-in the new belt and re-check belt
tension. Adjust if necessary.

Spindle Belt

1. Remove PTO clutch to Deck belt. See instructions
above.

2. Loosen the nylon nut (C, Figure 24) to release the
belt tension on the spindle drive belt (B, Figure 24).

3. Slide the drive belt over the edge of one of the spin­dle pulleys and then slide the belt around the idler
pulley and remaining spindle pulleys.

4. Remove the old belt and replace with a new one.
Make sure the V-side of the belt runs in the pulley
grooves (for single v-section belts).

5. Install the spindle drive belt on the spindle pulleys
and the idler pulley. Tighten the nylon nut (C, Figure

24) until a 10 lb.(44.5 newton) force is required to
deflect the belt 1/2” (1,27cm) between the idler pulley
and right-hand spindle pulley. See Figure 24.

6. Run the mower under no-load condition for about 5
minutes to break-in the new belt and re-check belt
tension. Adjust if necessary.

Figure 23. PTO Clutch to Deck Belt

A. Stationary Idler Pulley D. Hex Nut
B. Deck Drive Belt E. Adjustable Idler Pulley
C. Wing Nut F. Center Spindle Pulley

Figure 24. Spindle Drive Belt

A. Spindle Pulley
B. Spindle Drive Belt
C. Nylon Lock Nut
D. Idler Pulley

A

B

E

F

B

A

Check

Tension Here

Check

Tension Here

D

C

A

A

C

D

To avoid damaging belts, DO NOT
PRY BELTS OVER PULLEYS.

25

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

MOWER BELT REPLACEMENT AND
ADJUSTMENT

(DDSH Models only)

1. Park the machine on a smooth, level surface such as
a concrete floor. Disengage the PTO, engage the
parking brake, turn off the engine, and remove the
ignition key.

2. Remove the mower deck guard.

3. Remove the rear engine deck guard.

4. Loosen the spring compression nut (B, Figure 25 &

26) to release the belt tension.

5. Slide the drive belt over the edge of the idler pulley
and then slide the belt under the idler pulley. Drop
the belt from the PTO clutch pulley groove.

6. Remove the old belt and replace with a new one.
Make sure the V-side of the belt runs in the pulley
grooves (Figure 27).

7. Install the drive belt on the PTO pulley, the spindle
pulleys and idler pulleys. Tighten the spr ing com­pression nut (B, Figure 25 & 26) until the belt tension
spring (A, Figure 25 & 26) is 3/4” (1,90cm) long.

8. Run the mower under no-load condition for about 5
minutes to break-in the new belt and re-check spring
length. Adjust if necessary.

Figure 25. 52” Mower PTO Belt

A. Belt Tension Spring
B. Spring Compression Nut

Figure 26. 61” Mower PTO Belt

A. Belt Tension Spring
B. Spring Compression Nut

Figure 27. Mower PTO Belt Routing

A. Spindle Pulley C. Spring-loaded Idler Pulley
B. PTO Drive Belt D. Stationary Idler Pulley

A

A

A

D

D

D

A

C

B

B

A

B

To avoid damaging belts, DO NOT
PRY BELTS OVER PULLEYS.

26

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

TRANSMISSION DRIVE BELT
REPLACEMENT

1. Remove the deck drive belt. See

MOWER BELT

REPLACEMENT AND ADJUSTMENT

sections.

2. Remove the grass screen that covers the transmis­sion cooling fans.

3. Remove the clutch anchor bolts (A, Figure 28) that
fasten the clutch anchor pad to the anchor.

4. Unplug the PTO clutch from the wire harness.

5. Remove the spring anchor nut (E) and remove the
belt tension spring (D).

6. Drop the belt (H) from the crankshaft pulley and
around the PTO clutch.

7. From the front of the machine, pull the belt towards
the front while sliding it up and over the transmission
cooling fans.

8. Remove the old belt and replace with a new one.
Make sure the V-side of the belt runs in the pulley
grooves.

9. Install belt over the transmission cooling fans and on
the transmission input pulleys (G), around the idler
pulleys (F & I) and on the crankshaft pulley.

10.Reinstall the belt tension spring (D) onto the anchor
bolt and reinstall the nylon nut (E).

11.Plug the PTO clutch into the wire harness.

12.Reinstall the clutch anchor pad and hardware (B &
A). Tighten securely.

13.Reinstall grass screen and fasten securely.

14.Reinstall the deck drive belt. See

MOWER BELT

REPLACEMENT AND ADJUSTMENT

sections.

WARNING

STORED ENERGY DEVICE: Improper release of
the belt tension spring can result in personal
injury.

Use extreme caution when removing this spring.

To avoid damaging belts, DO NOT
PRY BELTS OVER PULLEYS.

Figure 28. Transmission Drive Belt

A. Anchor Hardware F. Spring-loaded Idler Pulley
B. Clutch Anchor Pad G. Transmission Input Pulley
C. PTO Clutch & Drive Pulley H. Belt
D. Belt Tension Spring I. Stationary Idler Pulley
E. Spring Anchor Nut

B

D

H

C

I

E

A

F

G

G

FRONT

27

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

TRANSMISSION NEUTRAL &
TRACKING ADJUSTMENTS

Neutral Adjustment

1. Park the machine on a smooth, level surface such as
a concrete floor, away from bystanders and prefer­ably facing a wall. Disengage the PTO, engage the
parking brake, turn off the engine, and remove the
ignition key.

2. Chock the front caster wheels. Raise the drive
wheels off the ground and secure the machine with
jack stands.

3. Start the engine and adjust throttle control to SLOW
(lowest setting). See the

STARTING THE ENGINE

section for proper starting instructions.

4. Disengage the parking brake.

5. Using a 1/2” deep socket, SLOWLY turn the adjust­ment nut COUNTER-CLOCKWISE until the drive tire
begins to rotate forward.

6. SLOWLY tur n the adjustment nut CLOCKWISE until
the drive tire begins to rotate backwards.

7. Set the adjustment half way in between where the
forward and backwards rotations began.

8. Adjust the throttle control to FULL (highest setting).
Cycle the speed control lever and neutral return
pedal several times to insure and accurate adjust­ment has been made.

Tracking Adjustment

Before making a tracking adjustment, be sure to check
the following:

• Drive tires are inflated to 15 psi (103 kPa).

• Caster tires are inflated to 25 psi (172 kPa), are

greased and turn freely.

• All controls are free from damage and operate freely.

• Machine is at full operating temperature.

• Make sure the machine is in neutral when the foot

pedal is depressed. If not, adjust neutral as
described above.

If Machine Veers to the LEFT:

1. Turn the LEFT adjustment nut 1/8 - 1/4 turn
COUNTER-CLOCKWISE.

2. Turn the RIGHT adjustment nut 1/8 - 1/4 turn
CLOCKWISE.

3. Drive machine on a flat, level surface to test and
repeat steps 1 & 2 as necessary.

If Machine Veers to the RIGHT:

1. Turn the RIGHT adjustment nut 1/8 - 1/4 turn
COUNTER-CLOCKWISE.

2. Turn the LEFT adjustment nut 1/8 - 1/4 turn
CLOCKWISE.

3. Drive machine on a flat, level surface to test and
repeat steps 1 & 2 as necessary.

A

B

Figure 29. Neutral & Tracking Adjustment Points

A. Left-Hand Adjustment
B. Right-Hand Adjustment

28

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

TRANSMISSION MAINTENANCE
AND SERVICE

The hydrostatic transmissions are sealed units that
require no maintenance other than the following.

• Keep the grass screen and transmission cooling fins
clear or grass, leaves and debris.

• Keep oil level in the reservoirs (A, Figure 30) at the
“FULL” line (B, Figure 30). Extra oil in the reser voir

will not benefit the machine.

• If it is necessary to add oil to the reser voirs, use SAE
straight 20 or 30 weight motor oil. DO

NOT use a
multi-grade oils. Make sure the area around the oil
reservoirs is free from dust, dirt and debris before
opening the reservoirs.

• Make sure the oil reservoirs caps are tight.

• Keep water, dirt and debris from enter ing the oil

reservoirs. A small amount of a contaminant could
damage the transmissions.

Changing Oil & Filters

1. Park the machine on a smooth, level surface such as
a concrete floor. Disengage the PTO, engage the
parking brake, turn off the engine, and remove the
ignition key.

2. Place a drain pan under each transmission and
remove the filters to drain the oil. See Figure 31.

3. Once oil has drained from transmissions, replace
with new filters (P/N 21068-1), placing a light film on
the seal of the filter before installing. Hand-tighten
filter only.

4. Fill oil reservoirs 3/4 full with SAE straight 20 or 30
weight motor oil.

To Bleed Air From Transmissions

1. Locate the machine in a secure area, away from
bystanders and preferably facing a wall. Raise the
drive tires off the ground and secure with jackstands.

2. Start the engine and adjust throttle control to FULL
(highest setting). See the

STARTING THE ENGINE

section for proper starting instructions.

B

C

Figure 30. Oil Reservoirs

A. Oil Reservoirs
B. “FULL” Line

Figure 31. Transmission Oil Filter Location

(left-hand side shown)

Make sure transmissions and imme­diate surrounding areas are free from
dirt and debris before changing the
oil and filters. Cleanliness while per­forming this operation is extremely
important.

3. Run engine for 15 minutes. Watch the oil level in the
reservoirs. Add oil to the “FULL” line (B, Figure 30)
as necessary.

4. Watch oil levels for the next few days and add oil to
the reservoirs as necessary.

29

B

A

C

A

B

B

B

Figure 32. PTO Clutch Adjustment

A. Adjustment Window (Qty. 3, one shown)
B. Adjustment Nut

Figure 33. Adjust PTO Clutch

A. Window
B. Adjustment Nut
C. .012”-.018” (0,30-0,45mm) Feeler Gauge

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

WARNING

To avoid serious injury, perform adjustments only
with engine stopped, key removed and machine
on level ground.

PTO CLUTCH ADJUSTMENT

Check the PTO clutch adjustment after the initial 50 hour
break-in period and then after every 250 hours of opera­tion. Also perform the following procedure if the clutch is
slipping or will not engage, or if a new clutch has been
installed.

1. Remove key from ignition switch and disconnect
spark plug wires to prevent the possibility of acciden­tal starting while the PTO is being adjusted.

2. See Figure 32. Note the position of the 3 adjustment
windows (A) in the side of the brake plate and the
nylock adjustment nuts (B).

3. Insert a .012”-.018” (0,30-0,45mm) feeler gauge (C)
through each window, positioning the gauge between
the rotor face and the armature face as shown in
Figure 33.

4. Alternately tighten the adjustment nuts (B, Figure 32)
until the rotor face and armature face just contacts
the gauge.

5. Check the windows for an equal amount of tension
when the gauge is inserted and removed, and make
any necessary adjustments by tightening or loosen­ing the adjustment nuts.

NOTE: The actual air gap between the rotor and arma­ture may vary even after performing the adjustment pro­cedure. This is due to dimensional variations on compo­nent parts, and is an acceptable condition.

6. Check the mower blade stopping time. The mower
blades and mower drive belt should come to a com­plete stop within seven seconds after the electric
PTO switch is turned off.

Blade Brake Check

Mower blades and mower drive belts should come to a
complete stop within seven seconds after electric PTO
switch is turned off.

1. Remove deck guard(s) for checking blade brake stop
time ONL

Y. NEVER OPERATE the machine without

guard(s) in place.

1. With parking brake engaged and PTO disengage,
start the engine engine.

2. Observe the mower drive belt. Engage the PTO and
wait several seconds. Disengage the PTO and check
the amount of time it takes for the mower drive belt
to stop.

3. If the mower drive belt does not stop within seven
seconds, perform the PTO Clutch Adjustment. If the
belt still does not stop within seven seconds, see
your dealer.

30

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

BATTERY SERVICE

Checking Battery Voltage

A voltmeter can be used to determine condition of bat­tery. When engine is off, the voltmeter shows battery
voltage, which should be 12 volts. When engine is run­ning, the voltmeter shows voltage of charging circuit
which normally is 13 to 14 volts.

A dead battery or one too weak to start the engine may
not mean the battery needs to be replaced. For exam­ple, it may mean that the alternator is not charging the
battery properly. If there is any doubt about the cause of
the problem, see your dealer. If you need to replace the
battery, follow the steps under Cleaning the Battery &
Cables in the Regular Maintenance Section.

Charging a Completely Discharged Battery

1. Be aware of all the safety precautions you should
observe during the charging operation. If you are
unfamiliar with the use of a battery charger and
hydrometer, have the battery serviced by your dealer.

2. Add distilled water sufficient to cover the plate (fill to
the proper level near the end of the charge). If the
battery is extremely cold, allow it to warm before
adding water because the water level will rise as it
warms. Also, an extremely cold battery will not
accept a normal charge until it becomes warm.

3. Always unplug or turn the charger off before attach­ing or removing the clamp connections.

4. Carefully attach the clamps to the battery in proper
polarity (usually red to [+] positive and black to [-]
negative).

5. While charging, periodically measure the tempera­ture of the electrolyte. If the temperature exceeds
125° F (51.6° C), or if violent gassing or spewing of
electrolyte occurs, the charging rate must be reduced
or temporarily halted to prevent battery damage.

6. Charge the battery until fully charged (until the spe­cific gravity of the electrolyte is 1.250 or higher and
the electrolyte temperature is at least 60° F). The
best method of making certain a batter y is fully
charged, but not over charged, is to measure the
specific gravity of a cell once per hour. The battery
is fully charged when the cells are gassing freely at
low charging rate and less than 0.003 change in spe­cific gravity occurs over a three hour period.

WARNING

Keep open flames and sparks away from the
battery; the gasses coming from it are highly
explosive. Ventilate the battery well during
charging.

Jump Starting With Auxiliary (Booster)
Battery

Jump starting is not recommended. However, if it must
be done, follow these directions. Both booster and dis­charged batteries should be treated carefully when using
jumper cables. Follow the steps below EXACTLY, being
careful not to cause sparks. Refer to Figure 34.

1. Both batteries must be of the same voltage.

2. Position the vehicle with the booster battery adjacent
to the vehicle with the discharged battery so that
booster cables can be connected easily to the batter­ies in both vehicles. Make certain vehicles do not
touch each other.

3. Wear safety glasses and shield eyes and face from
batteries at all times. Be sure vent caps are tight.
Place damp cloth over vent caps on both batteries.

4. Connect positive (+) cable to positive post of dis­charged battery (wired to star ter or solenoid).

5. Connect the other end of same cable to same post
marked positive (+) on booster battery.

6. Connect the second cable negative (-) to other post
of booster battery.

7. Make final connection on engine block of stalled
vehicle away from battery. Do not lean over batter­ies.

8. Start the engine of the vehicle with the booster bat­tery. Wait a few minutes, then attempt to start the
engine of the vehicle with the discharged battery.

9. If the vehicle does not start after cranking for thirty
seconds, STOP PROCEDURE. More than thirty sec­onds seldom starts the engine unless some mechan­ical adjustment is made.

10.After star ting, allow the engine to retur n to idle
speed. Remove the cable connection at the engine
or frame. Then remove the other end of the same
cable from the booster battery.

11.Remove the other cable by disconnecting at the dis­charged battery first and then disconnect the oppo­site end from the booster battery.

12.Discard the damp cloths that were placed over the
battery vent caps.

31

To
Starter
Switch

Starting
Vehicle
Battery

To Ground

To
Starter
Switch

Discharged
Vehicle
Battery

Engine
Block

THIS HOOK-UP FOR NEGATIVE GROUND VEHICLES

MAKE CERTAIN VEHICLES DO NOT TOUCH

Jumper Cable

Jumper Cable

WARNING

Any procedure other than the preceding could
result in:

(1) personal injury caused by electrolyte

squirting out the battery vents,

(2) personal injury or property damage due to

battery explosion,

(3) damage to the charging system of the

booster vehicle or of the immobilized
vehicle.

Do not attempt to jump start a vehicle having a
frozen battery because the battery may rupture or
explode. If a frozen battery is suspected, examine
all fill vents on the battery. If ice can be seen or if
the electrolyte fluid cannot be seen, do not
attempt to start with jumper cables as long as the
battery remains frozen.

WARNING

For your personal safety,use extreme care when
jump starting. Never expose battery to open flame
or electric spark – battery action generates
hydrogen gas which is flammable and explosive.
Do not allow battery acid to contact skin, eyes,
fabrics, or painted surfaces. Batteries contain a
sulfuric acid solution which can cause serious
personal injury or property damage.

When removing or installing battery cables,
disconnect the negative cable FIRST and
reconnect it LAST. If not done in this order, the
positive terminal can be shorted to the frame by a
tool.

To avoid engine damage, do not disconnect
battery while engine is running. Be sure terminal
connections are tight before starting.

Figure 34. Jump Starting

Troubleshooting, Adjustment & Service

32

Common Replacement Parts & Accessories

COMMON REPLACEMENT PARTS

Listed below are parts numbers for the more common
replacement parts. Use only genuine Ferris replace­ment parts to assure optimum performance and safety.

48” Deck Belt (PTO to Spindle)............................21723

48” Deck Belt (Spindle)........................................20873

48” Deck Blades (Set of 3)................................20843S

52” Deck Belt (PTO to Spindle)............................21420

52” Deck Belt (Spindle)........................................21297

52” Deck Belt (DDSH Model)...............................22435

52” Deck Blades (Set of 3)................................21227S

61” Deck Belt (PTO to Spindle)............................21510

61” Deck Belt (Spindle)........................................20824

61” Deck Belt (DDSH Model)...............................22061

61” Deck Blades (Set of 3)................................20842S

Transmission Drive Belt .....................................22173

Caster Tire (complete assembly) .......................21181S

Caster Tire Only................................................21181-1

Caster Tire T ube................................................21181-2

Caster Hub w/ Bearings ................................21181-3S

Bearing (for caster tires) .......................................21182

Bearing Retainer (for caster tires) .......................21043

Bushing (for caster arms).....................................21541

Transmission Oil Filter ....................................21068-1

Touch-Up Spray Paint (12 oz can)......................22585

(Ferris Red)

Ferris Red Grease (14.5 oz. Tube) ......................22285

ACCESSORIES

See your dealer to purchase any of the following acces­sories for you machine.

50” Snow Blower (SB50) & Hitch (MHW)
60” Dozer Blade (DB60) & Hitch (MHW)
48” Rotary Broom (SWRB48) & Hitch (HDD)
60” Rotary Broom (SWRB60) & Hitch (HDD)

Note: Information listed above is correct at time of printing, and
are subject to changes in availability and specifications without
notice. Part numbers may be superceded by other part numbers.

Lawn Care

& Mowing Information

TYPES OF GRASS, CLIMATE AND
CONDITIONS

A variety of grasses are commonly grown in household
lawns, but two main groups known as cool-season
grasses (varieties of bluegrass, ryegrass, and fescue),
and warm-season grasses (typically bermuda, buffalo
grass, and zoysia varieties) are the most common.

The cool-season grasses are better suited to cooler cli­mates, and do not endure hot and dry weather as well as
warm-season grasses, but conversely, the warm-season
grasses do not grow as well in cooler climates. Most resi­dential lawns are typically seeded with a mixture of these
grasses. (A local nursery or lawn center may help you to
identify what kind of grass your lawn contains from a
sample.)

Knowing your climate and conditions is also important to
proper lawn care. Drier climates or conditions will require
additional watering, while wetter climates may require
more frequent mowing.

HOW AND WHEN TO WATER,
FERTILIZE & AERATE

Every lawn’s watering needs are unique and are depen­dent upon the type of grass and soil, the amount of local
rainfall, and other conditions. Most lawns are watered
too often, but with too little water. However too much
water can allow development of diseases with your lawn.

It is best to water the lawn only when necessary, and
then to water it slowly, evenly, and deeply—imitating
a slow, soaking rain.

WHEN TO WATER YOUR LAWN

When the lawn begins to wilt, the grass’s color dulls, or
footprints stay compressed for more than a few seconds,
the lawn is beginning to dry out, and needs additional
moisture. The best time to water is early morning to allow
the water to soak deeply into the lawn and reduce the
amount that evaporates in the hot afternoon sun.

LC-1

HOW TO WATER YOUR LAWN

The best method of watering a lawn is to imitate a slow,
soaking rain, applying about 1 inch of water. A method
of verifying the amount that you have watered, is to place
several empty tin cans (low shallow cans work best) in
various spots around the lawn, and check the depth of
water in the can during the watering process.

HOW TO FERTILIZE YOUR LAWN

Fertilizing with a slow-release fertilizer provides missing
nutrients which help create slow, even growth. While
opinions vary on the need for fertilizing, when and how
much to fertilize will be more a factor of the condition of
the lawn and soil than any routine. Remember that over­fertilizing can cause harm, and that most fertilizing
should be applied in the spring so that it will release into
the lawn through the summer. For more information,
check with a local nursery or lawn care specialist, and
read and follow the fertilizer manufacturer’s instructions.

AERATING YOUR LAWN

Consider aerating your lawn in spring. Using an aerator
to remove cores of soil from the lawn increases the
speed of clipping decomposition and encourages deeper
root growth by opening up the soil and permitting greater
movement of water, fertilizer and air.

GENERAL INFORMATION

Proper mowing is an important part of maintaining your
lawn in the best possible condition. A healthy and well
maintained lawn is better able to resist drought, weeds,
and other stresses. But too much maintenance is as
detrimental to your lawn as neglect. Proper care for your
lawn involves more than just “cutting the grass.” To have
a healthy lawn, you need to know:

• Types of Grass, Climate and Conditions

• How and When to Water, Fertilize & Aerate

• How High to Mow the Grass

• When and How Often to Mow

• What Mowing Patterns to Use

• Proper Mowing Methods

• How to Solve Common Mowing Problems

TP 600-7000-01-UV-FD

LC-2

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

HOW HIGH TO
MOW THE GRASS

Often cutting height is a
matter of personal prefer­ence. Typically, you should
mow the grass when it is is
between three and five
inches high.

The proper
cutting height range for a
specific lawn will depend
upon several factors,
including the type of grass,
the amount of rainfall, the
prevailing temperature, and
the lawn’s overall condition.

Cutting the grass too short
causes weak, thin grass
plants, which are easily
damaged by dry periods
and pests. Cutting too short
is often more damaging
than allowing the grass to be slightly higher.

Letting grass grow a bit longer—especially when it is hot and
dry—reduces heat build-up, preserves needed moisture and
protects the grass from heat damage and other problems.
However, allowing grass to grow too high can cause thin turf
and additional problems.

Cutting off too much at one time shocks the plant’s growth
system and weakens the grass plants. A good rule of

thumb is the 1/3 rule: to cut no more than one third of
the grass height, and never more than 1 inch at a time.

The amount of grass you are able to cut in one pass is also
effected by the type of mowing system you are using (for
example, broadcasting with side discharge decks can
process a much larger volume of grass than mulching does).

NOTE: We cover some specific mowing instructions for
mulching and broadcasting later in this Lawn Care section.

Proper Cutting Height

Cut
Here On
Second
Pass

Cut Here On
First Pass

Optimal
cutting point
at less than
1/3 from top
of grass blade

Tall Grass Requires Incremental Cutting

For extremely tall grass, set the cutting height at maxi­mum for the first pass, and then reset it to the desired
height and mow a second or third time.

Don’t cover the grass surface with a heavy layer of
clippings. Consider using a grass collection system
and starting a compost pile.

Cutting down to this
area contributes to
thatch problems

Cut less than

1/3

1 inch

1/3

LC-3

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

Where possible, make one or two passes around the
outside of the area discharging the grass INTO the lawn
to keep the cut grass off fences and walks.

WHEN AND HOW OFTEN TO MOW

The time of day and condition of the grass greatly affect
the results you’ll get when mowing. For the best results,
follow these guidelines:

l Mow when the grass is between three and five inches

high.

l Mow with sharp blades. Short clippings of grass one

inch or shorter decompose more quickly than longer
blades. Sharp mower blades cut grass cleanly and
efficiently, preventing frayed edges which harm the
grass.

l Mow at time of day when the grass is cool and dry.

Late afternoon or early evening often provide these
ideal mowing conditions.

l Avoid mowing after rain or even heavy dew, and

never mulch when the grass is wet (moist grass does
not mulch well, and clumps beneath the mower
deck).

WHAT MOWING PATTERNS TO USE

Always start mowing on a smooth, level area.
The size and type of area to be mowed will determine

the best mowing pattern to use. Obstructions such as
trees, fences and buildings, and conditions such as
slopes and grades must also be considered.

l Cut long straight strips overlapping slightly.
l Where possible, change patterns occasionally to

eliminate matting, graining or a corrugated appear­ance.

l For a truly professional cut, mow across the lawn in

one direction, then recut the lawn by mowing perpen­dicular to the previous cut.

The remainder of the mowing should be done in the
opposite direction so that the clippings are dispersed
OUT onto the area of lawn previously cut.

Note: Always operate the engine at full throttle when
mowing.

If you hear the engine slowing down, you are mowing too
fast—using a slower ground speed will improve the cut­ting efficiency of the blades and prevents many common
cutting problems. Use an appropriate ground speed for
the thickness and height of the grass you are cutting (3rd
gear or slower for manual gear models). If you hear the
engine slowing down you are mowing too fast, use a
slower ground speed.

LC-4

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

MOWING METHODS

Proper Broadcast Mowing

Broadcasting, or side-discharging, disperses fine clip­pings evenly over the entire lawn. Many golf courses use
this method. Your mower has a deep dish deck to allow
freer circulation of clippings so they are broadcast evenly
over the lawn.

ENGINE SPEED & GROUND SPEED FOR BROADCASTING

Always operate the engine at full throttle when mowing.
If you hear the engine slowing down, you are mowing too
fast—using a slower ground speed will improve the cut­ting efficiency of the blades and prevents many common
cutting problems.

ALWAYS use an appropriate ground speed for the thick­ness and height of the grass you are cutting (3rd gear or
slower for manual gear models). If you hear the engine

slowing down you are mowing too fast, use a slower
ground speed.

HOW MUCH GRASS TO CUT OFF WHEN BROADCASTING

Mow when the grass is 3-5 inches long. Do not cut the
grass shorter than 2 to 2-1/2 inches. Do not cut off more
that 1 inch of grass in a single pass.

Proper Mulching

Mulching consists of a mower
deck which cuts and recuts clip­pings into tiny particles and
which then blows them down
INTO the lawn. These tiny parti­cles decompose rapidly into by­products your lawn can use.
UNDER PROPER CONDI­TIONS, your mulching mower will virtually eliminate
noticeable clippings on the lawn surface.

NOTE: When mulching under heavy cutting conditions, a
rumbling sound may be present and is normal.

MULCHING REQUIRES EXCELLENT MOWING
CONDITIONS

Mulching mowers cannot function properly if the grass is
wet, or if the grass is simply to high to cut. Even more
than normal mowing, mulching requires that the grass be
dry and the the appropriate amount is cut.

Do not use the mower as a mulching mower during the
first two or three mowings in the spring. The long grass
blades, quick growth, and often wetter conditions are
more suitable for broadcasting (side-discharging) or
grass bagging operation.

ENGINE SPEED & GROUND SPEED FOR BROADCASTING

Use full engine throttle matched with a slow ground
speed so that clippings will be finely cut. Ground speed
while mulching should be HALF of the speed that would
be used when broadcasting (side discharging) under
similar conditions. Since mulching requires more horse­power than broadcasting, using a slower ground speed is
vitally important for proper mulching operation.

HOW MUCH GRASS TO MULCH

The best mulching action typical­ly results from cutting only the
top 1/2 inch to 3/4 inch of grass
blade. This provides short clip­pings which decompose properly
(much more quickly than longer

clippings). The ideal cutting
height will vary with climate, time of year, and quality of
your lawn. We recommend that you experiment with both
the cutting height and ground speed until you achieve
the best cut. Start with a high cutting height and using
progressively lower settings until you find a cutting height
that is matched to your mowing conditions and prefer­ences.

Mulching Action

LC-5

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

TIPS On Dealing With Clippings

Clippings are beneficial to your lawn. A common mis­conception about clippings is that they automatically
lead to thatch—this is untrue. Short clippings produced
by broadcasting and clippings produced by mulching
methods actually contribute to a healthy lawn
because they:

• Reduce the evaporation of water from your lawn.

• Provide a cushioning layer to reduce lawn wear.

• Moderate soil temperature.

• Clippings act as a safe, non-polluting and inexpen­sive fertilizer that nourishes your lawn. Fresh cut
grass blades are 85% water, and are a rich source
of nitrogen which is essential to lush growth. And
one garbage bag of clippings contains about 1/4 lb.
of usable organic nitrogen.

COMPOSTING

The best way to recycle excess clippings and leave your
lawn looking immaculate is to collect them with an effi­cient collection system and deposit them in a compost
pile. A compost pile is a collection of grass, leaves, and
other organic wastes which—when properly tended—
decompose into an odorless, topsoil material. This
material, in turn, acts as an inexpensive fertilizer for your
lawn and garden.

How to start a healthy compost pile:

1 Build a bin using bricks, fencing, cement blocks, etc. or pur-

chase a prefabricated bin from a garden store. The bin
should also have venting on each side and from the bottom
to the top.

2 Fill the bin with alternating layers of yard waste. Follow this

recipe:
First layer: 3-4 inches of chopped brush or other coarse

material.
Second layer: 6-8 inches of mixed leaves, grass clippings,

sawdust, etc. Materials should be "sponge damp."
Third layer: 1 inch of soil to add micro-organisms that help

break down organic matter.

Fourth layer: 1-2 inches of manure to provide the nitrogen
needed by micro-organisms.

Keep adding layers until the bin is almost full. Top off with
a 4-6 inch layer of straw and scoop out a "basin" to catch
rain water.

3 Four or five days later the pile will reach temperatures of

140-160 degrees. At this time you'll notice it settling, a
good sign your compost is working properly.

4 After 5-6 weeks, fork materials into a new pile, turning the

outside of the old heap into the center of the new one. Add
water if necessary. The compost should be ready to use
within three to four months when dark brown, crumbly, and
earthy-smelling.

LC-6

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

Stepped Cutting

Stepped cutting is sharp ridges or uneven levels left in
the lawn surface. Stepped cutting is usually caused by
mower deck damage or misadjustment, or damage to
mower blades.

CAUSE SOLUTION

Deck is not leveled correctly Level the deck correctly
Tires are not properly inflated Check and inflate the tires
Blades are damaged Replace the blades
Deck shell is damaged Repair or replace the deck
Mower spindle is bent or loose Repair or replace the spindle
Blades are installed incorrectly Reinstall the blades correctly

Stepped Cutting

Streaking

Streaking

Streaking is when thin strips of uncut grass are left
behind the mower. Streaking is usually caused by
operator error or poor blade maintenance.

CAUSE SOLUTION

Blades are not sharp Sharpen your blades
Blades are worn down too far Replace your blades
Engine speed is too slow Always mow at full throttle
Ground speed is too fast Slow down
Deck is plugged with grass Clean out the mower
Not overlapping cutting rows enough Overlap your cutting rows
Not overlapping enough when turning When turning your effective cutting width

decreases–overlap more when turning

SOLUTIONS FOR COMMON MOWING PROBLEMS

LC-7

Lawn Care & Mowing Information

Stingers

Stingers are sparse patches of uncut grass left behind
the mower. Stingers are usually caused by operator
error or poor blade maintenance.

CAUSE SOLUTION

Blades are not sharp or are nicked Sharpen your blades
Blades are worn down too far Replace your blades
Engine speed is too slow Always mow at full throttle
Ground speed is too fast Slow down
Deck is plugged with grass Clean out the mower

Uneven Cutting

Uneven cutting is waviness or smooth troughs in the
lawn surface. Uneven cutting is usually caused by
mower deck damage or misadjustment.

CAUSE SOLUTION

Deck is not leveled correctly Level the deck correctly
Blades are dull or worn Sharpen or replace the blades
Blades are damaged Replace the blades
Deck is clogged with grass clippings Clean out the deck
Deck shell is damaged Repair or replace the deck
Mower spindle is bent or loose Repair or replace the spindle
Blades are installed incorrectly Reinstall the blades correctly

Scalping

Scalping is when the mower deck comes close to or hits
the ground. Scalping can be caused by the mower deck
misadjustment, unevenness in the lawn, or by mower
deck bouncing because the ground speed is too fast.

CAUSE SOLUTION

Lawn is uneven or bumpy Roll or level the lawn
Mower deck cutting height is set too low Raise the cutting height
Ground speed is too fast Slow down
Deck is not leveled correctly Correctly level the deck
Tire pressure is low or uneven Check and inflate the tires

Uneven Cutting

Scalping

Stingers

LC-8

Common International Symbols

Technical Manuals

Additional Technical Literature Available

Operators Manuals

Additional copies of this manual are available, (and as part
of our product support commitment, we maintain a stock of
printed operators manuals going back many years!)

Parts Manuals

Fully illustrated parts manuals are also available —
these manuals show all of the product’s components in
exploded views (“3D” illustrations which show the relationship of
the parts and how they go together), as well as giving the replace­ment part numbers and quantities used. Important assembly notes and
special torque values are included in these manuals.

For the applicable manuals currently available for
your model, contact your local dealer. Have the
information listed in the box at the right available
when making your request.

Model:
Serial No.:
Your Name:
Address:
City, State, Zip:
Visa/Mastercard No.:
Card Expiration Date:

Choke

Fast (Throttle)

Slow (Throttle)

Throttle

Fuel

PTO Clutch

Parking Brake

Brake

Headlights

Mower Cutting
Height Adjustment

LC-9

Notes