FANOX SIA-B User Manual

USER´S MANUAL

SIA B

Self and Dual powered Overcurrent & Earth Fault Protection Relay

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1. RECEPTION, HANDLING & INSTALLATION .................................................................................. 5

1.1. Unpacking ........................................................................................................................................ 5

1.2. Reception of relays.......................................................................................................................... 5

1.3. Handling electronic equipment ...................................................................................................... 5

1.4. Installation, commissioning and service ...................................................................................... 5

1.5. Storage ............................................................................................................................................. 6

1.6. Recycling .......................................................................................................................................... 6

2. DIMENSIONS AND CONNECTION DIAGRAMS ............................................................................. 7

2.1. Frontal view ...................................................................................................................................... 7

2.2. Case dimensions ............................................................................................................................. 8

2.3. Connection diagram ........................................................................................................................ 9

2.4. Terminals .......................................................................................................................................... 10

3. DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 11

3.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 11

3.2. Equipment description .................................................................................................................... 11

3.3. Functional Diagram ......................................................................................................................... 13

3.4. Model List ......................................................................................................................................... 14

3.5. Specific CTs ..................................................................................................................................... 15

4. PROTECTION FUNCTIONS ............................................................................................................. 17

4.1. 50P Function. Phase instantaneous phase overcurrent ............................................................. 17

4.2. 51P Function. Phase inverse time overcurrent ............................................................................ 17

4.3. 50N Function. Neutral instantaneous overcurrent ....................................................................... 18

4.4. 51N Function. Neutral inverse time overcurrent .......................................................................... 19

4.5. Trip blocking protection for the switchgear ................................................................................. 19

4.6. 49 Function. Thermal Image Protection ........................................................................................ 20

4.7. External trip ...................................................................................................................................... 23

4.8. General Settings .............................................................................................................................. 23

4.9. Setting Group ................................................................................................................................... 23

4.10. IEC 60255-151 Curves ..................................................................................................................... 24

5. MONITORING AND CONTROL ........................................................................................................ 28

5.1. Measurements .................................................................................................................................. 28

5.2. States and Events ............................................................................................................................ 28

5.3. Fault Reports .................................................................................................................................... 32

5.4. Date and Time by Real Time Clock (RTC) ..................................................................................... 32

5.5. Self-diagnosis .................................................................................................................................. 32

5.6. Commands ....................................................................................................................................... 33

5.7. Test Menu ......................................................................................................................................... 33

5.8. Power supply ................................................................................................................................... 34

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5.8.1. Self-Powered relay with specific current transformers ...................................................... 34

5.8.2. 230 Vac or 110 Vac, 50/60 Hz auxiliary power ...................................................................... 34

5.8.3. 24 Vdc auxiliary power supply .............................................................................................. 34

5.8.4. Battery power: 5 V, with a KITCOM adaptor......................................................................... 34

5.9. Opening mechanism: STRIKER ..................................................................................................... 35

6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS ...................................................................... 36

6.1. Technical Specifications ................................................................................................................. 36

6.2. Standards ......................................................................................................................................... 39

7. COMMUNICATION AND HMI ........................................................................................................... 41

7.1. Front Communication: USB ........................................................................................................... 41

7.2. Indicators .......................................................................................................................................... 41

7.3. LCD and keypad ............................................................................................................................... 42

7.4. SICom Communications program ................................................................................................. 42

7.5. MENUS .............................................................................................................................................. 43

7.5.1. Standby mode screen ............................................................................................................. 43

7.5.2. Accessing the menus ............................................................................................................. 43

7.5.3. Date-time menu ....................................................................................................................... 44

7.5.4. Versions ................................................................................................................................... 44

7.5.5. Communication parameters .................................................................................................. 44

7.5.6. Fault report .............................................................................................................................. 44

7.5.7. Test Menu ................................................................................................................................ 45

7.5.8. Functions Menu ...................................................................................................................... 47

7.5.9. Measurements Menu .............................................................................................................. 48

7.5.10. States Menu ............................................................................................................................. 49

7.5.11. Settings Menu ......................................................................................................................... 57

7.5.12. Events Menu ............................................................................................................................ 64

7.5.13. Commands Menu .................................................................................................................... 66

8. MODBUS RTU PROTOCOL ............................................................................................................. 67

8.1. ModBus packaged format ............................................................................................................... 68

8.2. Function codes ................................................................................................................................ 68

8.3. Exemptions and error answers ...................................................................................................... 69

8.4. Data type ........................................................................................................................................... 69

8.5. Memory map of SIA-B ..................................................................................................................... 70

8.6. Commands Map ............................................................................................................................... 74

8.7. Examples of ModBus frames ......................................................................................................... 74

8.7.1. Writing the access password “5555” to equipment nº 1 .................................................... 74

9. COMMISSIONING ............................................................................................................................. 75

9.1. Checklist for Commissioning ......................................................................................................... 75

9.2. Electrostatic discharge ................................................................................................................... 75

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9.3. Visual Inspection ............................................................................................................................. 75

9.4. Earthing ............................................................................................................................................ 75

9.5. Current transformers....................................................................................................................... 75

9.6. Auxiliary power ................................................................................................................................ 75

9.7. Front communications port ............................................................................................................ 75

9.8. Commissioning ................................................................................................................................ 76

10. APPENDIX ........................................................................................................................................ 77

10.1. Identification .................................................................................................................................... 77

10.2. Checks .............................................................................................................................................. 77

10.3. Test menu ......................................................................................................................................... 77

10.4. Register of commissioning settings.............................................................................................. 77

10.5. Comments ........................................................................................................................................ 79

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1. RECEPTION, HANDLING & INSTALLATION

1.1. Unpacking

Relays must only be handled by qualified personnel and special care must be taken to protect all of their parts from any damage while they are being unpacked and installed. The use of good illumination is recommended to facilitate the equipment visual inspection.

The facility must be clean and dry and relays should not be stored in places that are exposed to dust or humidity. Special care must be taken if construction work is taking place.

1.2. Reception of relays

It is necessary to inspect the equipment at the time it is delivered to ensure that the relays have not been damaged during transport.

If any defect is found, the transport company and FANOX should be informed immediately. If the relays are not for immediate use, they should be returned to their original packaging.

1.3. Handling electronic equipment

Relays contain an electronic component that is sensitive to electrostatic discharges. Just by moving, a person can build up an electrostatic potential of several thousand volts.

Discharging this energy into electronic components can cause serious damage to electronic circuits. It is possible that this damage may not be detected straight away, but the electronic circuit reliability and life will be reduced. This electronic component in the equipment is well protected by the metal housing, which should not be removed as the equipment cannot be adjusted internally.

If it is necessary to disassemble the electronic component, this must be carried out with care and contact with electronic components, printed circuits and connections must be avoided to prevent an electrostatic discharge that could damage one of the components. If the electronic components are stored outside the metal housing, they must be placed in an antistatic conductive bag.

If it is necessary to open a module, care must be taken to preserve the equipment reliability and the duration of the life cycle as designed by the manufacturer by taking the following actions:

 Touch the housing to ensure that you have the same potential  Avoid touching the electronic components and handle the module by its edges.  Remember that everyone who handles the module must have the same potential.  Use a conductive bag to transport the module.

For more information about how to handle electronic circuits, consult official documents such as the IEC 147-OF.

1.4. Installation, commissioning and service

The personnel in charge of installing, commissioning and maintaining this equipment must be qualified and must be aware of the procedures for handling it. The product documentation should be read before installing, commissioning or carrying out maintenance work on the equipment.

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Personnel should take specific protection measures to avoid the risk of electronic discharge when access is unlocked on the rear part of the equipment.

In order to guarantee safety, the crimp terminal and a suitable tool must be used to meet isolation requirements on the terminal strip. Crimped terminations must be used for the voltage and current connections.

It is necessary to connect the equipment to earth through the corresponding terminal, using the shortest possible cable. As well as guaranteeing safety for the personnel, this connection allows high frequency noise to be evacuated directly to earth.

The following checks must be performed before the equipment is supplied:

 The rated voltage and polarity.  The power rating of the CT circuit and the integrity of the connections.  The integrity of the earth connection.

The equipment must be used within the stipulated electrical and environmental limits. Note: Regarding the current transformer circuits: Do not open a live CT secondary circuit. The high

voltage produced as a result could damage the isolation and threaten lives.

1.5. Storage

If the relays are not going to be installed immediately, they must be stored in a dust- and humidity free environment after the visual inspection has been performed.

1.6. Recycling

Before recycling the equipment, the capacitors should be discharged through the external terminals. All electrical power sources should be removed before performing this operation to avoid the risk of electrical discharge.

This product must be disposed of in a safe way. It should not be incinerated or brought into contact with water sources like rivers, lakes, etc…

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2. DIMENSIONS AND CONNECTION DIAGRAMS

2.1. Frontal view

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2.2. Case dimensions

The dimensions are in mm.

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2.3. Connection diagram

 NOTE! STRIKER: 6 – 24 Vdc & < 0,1 Ws

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2.4. Terminals

Phase A current input for measurement

Phase A current output for measurement

Phase B current input for measurement

Phase B current output for measurement

Phase C current input for measurement

Phase C current output for measurement

Phase A current input for power supply

Phase A current output for power supply

Phase B current input for power supply

Phase B current output for power supply

Phase C current input for power supply

Phase C current output for power supply

Trip output +-

Trip output -

C3-C4

External trip

Auxiliary power supply -

Auxiliary power supply +

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3. DESCRIPTION

3.1. Introduction

Worldwide, the energy sector is currently undergoing a profound change as a result of high levels of energy demand; more distribution lines and advanced supervision systems are required. Given the need for creating intelligent infrastructure, FANOX has developed the SIA family of products to carry out this function.

The family of SIA relays is designed to protect the secondary transformation and distribution centres of electricity grids. Protection features include protection against instantaneous and inverse time overcurrent (for the phases and the neutral), and it also has external trip support (temperature, pressure, etc.) depending on the characteristics of each model.

The protection functions can be enabled selectively by using both the front panel and the communications links to the SICom program, allowing for precise coordination with other equipment.

Additional benefits include that all of the models have been designed to be supplied from an external battery. This is aimed at facilitating event management and the commissioning of centres, as well as allowing it to operate properly under adverse conditions.

3.2. Equipment description

The SIA-B equipment is a protection relay designed for secondary distribution. One of its main characteristics is the necessity of using specific current transformers for measurement and power

supply. The equipment starts-up from 0.4xIsmin three phase

current using specific CTs. The SIA-B equipment is housed in a metal box with

galvanic isolation on all of its measurement inputs and outputs (with the exception of ports for communications and battery power supply, as these are sporadic connections). This allows the equipment to have the best possible level of electromagnetic compatibility, both in terms of emission of, and immunity from, radiated and conducted interferences. These levels are the same as those established for primary substations.

The equipment has a LCD with two lines and twenty columns and a membrane keyboard with six buttons. These allow the display of the equipment state, the current measurements in the primary and the events or incidents associated with the equipment, and adjustments to be made to the protection criteria.

There are two LED indicators on the front of the SIA-B equipment. These indicate if the equipment is On (LED ON) and if an alarm has happened (LED ALARM). Depending on model, there is a possibility of having, apart from the LEDS, one bistable indicator to signaling the trip of any of the protection functions.

In order to facilitate the analysis of events, it is fitted with four fault reports. Each register includes the events that have occurred during the incident.

The equipment has storage for up to 100 events, allowing any recorded incidents to be analyzed. All SIA-B models are equipped with a real-time clock (RTC).

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Current measurements are performed using RMS values. Specific current transformers (CTs) are used.

The equipment has a frontal communication port (miniUSB). This port allows a PC to be connected, which can be used to monitor the equipment using the SICom communications program (supplied by FANOX). Besides, the frontal port can be used to power the equipment by using an USB cable which can be directly connected with PC.

The protective functions provided, easy-to-use interface, low amount of maintenance and simple integration make the SIA-B a precise and practical solution for protecting both industrial and public electrical grids and transformation and distribution centers. The main features of the equipment are listed below, and these features will be explained in the rest of the manual:

Function

Description

SIA-B

Protection

50P

Phase instantaneous overcurrent protection function

50N

Neutral instantaneous overcurrent protection function

51P

Phase inverse time overcurrent protection function

51N

Neutral inverse time overcurrent protection function

Fuse +

Switchgear

Trip blocking to protect the switchgear

1 (optional)

Thermal image

1 (optional)

Measurements

Phase and neutral RMS measurement with 2% accuracy on a band of ±20% over the nominal current and 4% over the rest of the range.

IA, IB, IC, IN, Imax and TI

Inputs and Outputs

External trip input (without power supply)

Optional

Trip output for STRIKER

Communication and HMI

Front port: USB (ModBus, RTU 19200)



SICom Program



HMI: LCD, 20x2 and 6 keys + 1 reset button



LED Indicators

Bistable indicator

1 (optional)

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Power supply

Self-powered with specific CTs (0.4xIs three phase)



Auxiliary power: 230 Vac, 50/60 Hz

Optional

Auxiliary power: 110 Vac, 50/60 Hz

Optional

Auxiliary power: 24 Vdc

Optional

Battery power accessory: 5 V with Kitcom adaptor



Monitoring and recording

Events saved in the non-volatile FRAM* memory

100

Commands

Optional

Real-Time Clock (RTC)



Fault reports

Test menu



Self-diagnosis



3.3. Functional Diagram

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3.4. Model List

TYPE

CT TYPE

NEUTRAL MEASUREMENT

NET FREQUENCY

POWER SUPPLY

ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS

COMMUNICATIONS

INPUTS - OUTPUTS

MECHANICS

LANGUAGE

ADAPTATION

Dual Powered OC &

EF Relay

SIAB

50P+51P+50N+51N

Defined by General Setting

Internal measurement

Defined by General Setting

0 1 2 3

Self-powered Dual-powered at 230 Vac Dual-powered at 110 Vac Dual-powered at 24 Vdc

0 1

+ 49 + Trip Block for switch disconnector

USB frontal

0 1

2 led’s + trip output (striker) + External trip input (49T) + 1 FLAG

A B C D

English, Spanish and German English, Spanish and Turkish English , Spanish and French English , Spanish and Russian

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3.5. Specific CTs

SIAB relay requires specific CTs to achieve the measurement and the power supply:

Depending on the model we select, we have the following primary currents:

The main characteristics of the transformers are:

 Technical specifications:

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 Ordering specifications:

*** Different shape drawing on request

 Dimensions:

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4. PROTECTION FUNCTIONS

4.1. 50P Function. Phase instantaneous phase overcurrent

This protection function can be set by using three parameters:

Function

Description

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Unit

Default

50P

Phase instantaneous overcurrent

Permission

- - Yes/No - No

Tap

0,10

20,00

0,01

5,00

Operating time

0,02

300,0

0,01 s 0,02

The operating time is independent from the operating current flowing through the equipment, so if the phase current exceeds its predetermined value for an equal or greater amount of time than this pre-set value, the protection function activates (trips) and does not reset itself until the value of the phase drops below the point of current tap.

The function activates at 100% of the pre-set input, and deactivates at 95%. The reset is instantaneous.

The accuracy of the operating time is equal to the pre-set time plus a maximum of 30 ms.

4.2. 51P Function. Phase inverse time overcurrent

This protection function can be set by using five parameters:

Function

Description

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Unit

Default

51P

Phase inverse time overcurrent

Permission

- - Yes/No

Curve - -

(1*)

Extremely Inverse

Dial

0,05

1,25

0,01

1,25

Tap

0,10

7,00

0,01

1,00

Operating time

0,02

300,0

0,01

0,02

(1*) Inverse, Very inverse, Extremely inverse, Defined time

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If the option "Defined time" is selected for the curve setting, the unit behaves like an instantaneous overcurrent unit. In this case, the unit operating time is set by the parameter "Operating time".

If a curve (inverse, very inverse or extremely inverse) is selected for the curve setting, the operating time depends on the curve, dial and tap settings.

If the unit operates with defined time, the function is activated at 100% of the set tap value, and it deactivates at 95%.

If the unit operates with a curve, the function is activated at 110% of the set tap value, and it deactivates at 100%.

The reset is instantaneous in both cases. The activation time is accurate to ±5% or ±30ms, whichever is greater, of the theoretical activation

time. The curves used are IEC 60255-151, which are described in the "Curves" section.

4.3. 50N Function. Neutral instantaneous overcurrent

This protection function can be set by using three parameters:

Function

Description

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Unit

Default

50N

Neutral instantaneous overcurrent

Permission

Yes/No - No

Tap

0,10

20,00

0,01

I s

1,00

Operating time

0,02

300,00

0,01 s 0,02

The operating time is completely independent from the operating current that flows through the equipment, so if the neutral current exceeds its predetermined value for an equal or greater amount of time than this pre-set value, the protection function activates (trips) and does not reset itself until the value of the phase drops below the point of current pick-up.

The function activates at 100% of the pre-set input, and deactivates at 95%. The reset is instantaneous.

The accuracy of the operation time is equal to the pre-set time plus a maximum of 30 ms.

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4.4. 51N Function. Neutral inverse time overcurrent

This protection function can be set by using the following parameters:

Function

Description

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Unit

Default

51N

Neutral inverse time overcurrent

Permission

- - Yes/No - No

Curve - -

(1*)

Extremely Inverse

Dial

0,05

1,25

0,01 - 1,25

Tap

0,10

7,00

0,01

0,50

Operating time

0,02

300,0

0,01 s 0,02

(1*) Inverse, Very inverse, Extremely inverse, Defined time

If the option "Defined time" is selected for the curve setting, the unit behaves like an instantaneous overcurrent unit. In this case, the unit operating time is adjusted by using the parameter "Operating time".

If a curve (inverse, very inverse or extremely inverse) is selected for the curve setting, the operating time depends on the curve, dial and tap settings.

If the unit operates as defined time, the function is activated at 100% of the set tap value, and it deactivates at 95%.

If the unit operates with a curve, the function is activated at 110% of the set tap value, and it deactivates at 100%. The reset is instantaneous in both cases.

The activation time is accurate to ±5% or ±30ms, whichever is higher, of the theoretical activation time.

The curves used are IEC 60255-151, which are described in the "Curves" section.

4.5. Trip blocking protection for the switchgear

Some transformation centers use a combination of switchgear and fuses for cutting out. Switchgears have a limited opening current. As a result, the fuses are responsible for cutting out the circuit for high current short circuits, as the switchgear would be destroyed if opened in this situation. In order to deal with these situations, tripping is blocked when the phase current exceeds a pre-set value.

Group

Description

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Unit

Default

Trip blocking

Blocking - -

Yes/No

Yes

Blocking limit

1,50

20,00

0,01

I nominal

7,00

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4.6. 49 Function. Thermal Image Protection

Thermal image is a measure of heating and cooling of an electric machine. Unlike overcurrent protection, do not start counting the time when it detects a fault, but is continuously determining the thermal state of the machine that monitors. The trip time depends on the thermal constants adjusted, the current flowing and the prior thermal state of the machine.

The thermal image is calculated based on the following equation:

θ = 100 x (I/It)2 x (1 – e

-t/ζ

) + θ’0 x e

-t/ζ

Where: I, maximum R.M.S. current of three phases I

adjusted tap current

ζ, thermal constant θ’

, initial thermal state

The trip time is given by the equation:

t = ζ x ln x {[(I/It) 2 –

(θ’

/ 100)] / [(I/It) 2 - 1]}

The accuracy of the tripping time is 5% of the theoretical time. The algorithm uses the maximum of the three phase currents. If the maximum is greater than 15%

of the adjusted tap, heating thermal constant is applied. If the maximum is less than 15% of the adjusted tap cooling thermal constant is taken into account.

The overload function trips when the thermal image reaches the value of 100%. This value is reached in time when the current flowing is equal to the function adjusted in thermal function.

It provides an adjustable level of thermal imaging to generate an alarm. If the trip occurs, the function of overload is reset when the thermal image falls below the set alarm level.

As the current measurement algorithm used is R.M.S., in the thermal model is taken into account the heat produced by the harmonics.

This protection function is adjusted by setting five different parameters:

Function

Description

Minimum

Maximum

Pitch

Unit

Default

Thermal image protection function

Permission

- - Yes/No - No

Tap

0,10

2,40

0,01

1,2

ζ heating

600 1 min

ζ cooling 1 6

ζ heating

Alarm

99 1 %

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4.6.1. Thermal image measurement evolution graphic

On next graphic, thermal image measurement evolution can be observed depending on applied current:

We suppose that thermal image protection has and adjusted tap of 1,1 times the nominal current and an alarm level of 75%.

 Zone 1: The machine is de-energized for a long time. Thermal image is 0%.  Zone 2: We supply the machine with the nominal current. Thermal image evolutions so as

to get the value of the thermal balance corresponding to one time the nominal current Th = (I/It) 2 = 82%. The time that it takes in getting the thermal balance depends on the adjusted heating constant.

 Zone 3: Once reached the thermal image corresponding to the application of one time the

nominal current, we apply 1,2 times the nominal current. Thermal image would evolve so as to get the thermal balance corresponding to 1,2 times the nominal current Th = (I/It)2 = 119%. This would occur if we had the permission of the thermal function disabled. If the permission is disabled, 49 protection function performs when the thermal image reaches the value of 100%. Once tripped, current is cut and thermal image is getting cool based on the cooling constant.

 Zone 4: Before getting totally cool, nominal current is applied again and thermal balance is

reached once passed the time determined by the heating thermal constant.

Thermal image protection alarm bit is active if the thermal image measurement is over the adjusted alarm level.

Thermal image protection trip bit is active when the measurement of the thermal image is over 100% and it is reset when the measurement of the thermal image is under the adjusted alarm level.

Th %

100%

1 2 3 4

75%

alarm

trip

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4.6.2. Thermal image with memory

Thermal image is stored in non-volatile RAM memory periodically every second. By this way, though the relay loses the power supply, it will keep the thermal state of the machine.

4.6.3. Thermal image measurement display. Reset.

Thermal image measurement can be displayed on Measurement menu and Counters menu. Display is possible in Measurement menu. Display and thermal image value reset is possible in

Counters menu.

4.6.4. Thermal protection curves

This is the thermal curve for ζ = 3 minutes.

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4.7. External trip

The equipment has a direct trip input, normally connected to a bimetallic contact fitted to the power transformer. This serves as a backup to the overcurrent functions.

It allows the connection of a bimetallic free potential contact. When this contact closes, it activates the input.

This input is especially protected against magnetic noise.

4.8. General Settings

General settings establish some parameters that are necessary for the relay to operate. These settings are defined as general because they affect the entire relay, and as a result they are not subject to a change of table.

Function

Description

Minimum

Maximum

Step

Unit

Default

General settings

Equipment identifier

- - -

“free text”(1*)

Frequency - -

60/50

Serial Number

- - - 0 Language - - - -

English

Settings active group

2 1 -

Nominal current

896 1 A

CT type

CT008

CT256

CT008, CT016, CT032,

CT064, CT128, CT256

CT018

Local communication address

247 1 -

Password

****

**** - -

5555

(1*) “EQUIPMENT IDENTIFIER” setting it is only adjustable by communications. The serial number is only a reading setting The rest of the settings can be changed either from the HMI or through communications. Any change of set values will restart all functions, irrespective they are activated or not.

4.9. Setting Group

There are available two protection setting groups. The setting group, which is activated in a particular moment, can be modified in the following way:

 Changing active group. In general settings menu there is an option to establish which

group is active.

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4.10. IEC 60255-151 Curves

The SIA-B relay complies with the curves shown in standard IEC 60255-151 Curves:

 Inverse Curve  Very Inverse Curve  Extremely Inverse Curve

There is a general mathematical equation that defines the time in seconds as a function of the current:

Parameters

A P Q B K

Ext. Inverse

80 2 1 0 0

Very Inverse

13,5 1 1 0 0

Inverse

0,14

0,02 1 0

The curve can be displaced on the axis using the time dial, D, which can be adjusted by the user. V is Times Tap

adjusted

is the initial operating current, set by the user.

adjusted

V 

KDB









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+ 56 hidden pages

FANOX SIA-B User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual