Falcon 50 FM Operating Manual

Operating manual

(Rel. 1.3.1)

PART THREE: PROCESSING

Falcon 50 FM

6 Band DIGITAL audio PROCESSOR

2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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1 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1

TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................................. .......... 3

2 QUICK START – CREATING A NEW PRESET.................................................................................... 4

2.1 USING THE WIZARD TO SET DENSITY, COMPRESSION AND SOUND ‘FOOTPRINT’........................4

2.2 SETTING THE AGC & MULTI-

BAND

SPEEDS ...........................................................................................5

2.3 HOW TO CREATE AN ITU-B412 COMPLIANT PRESET FROM A NOT COMPATIBLE ONE. ................6

3 HOW TO CHA N GE TH E PRESET ON AIR........................................................................................... 7

4 SAVING A NEW PRESET.....................................................................................................................8

5 IMPORTING/EXPORTING AND MANAGING CONFIG FILES.............................................................. 9

5.1 EXPORTING SINGLE PRESETS, GENERAL CONFIG OR BOTH .............................................................9

5.2 IMPORTING PRESETS, GENERAL CONFIG. OR BOTH.........................................................................10

6 AGC OPERATION.............................................................................................................................. 11

6.1 TURNING THE AGC ON/OFF...................................................................................................................11

6.2 SETTING THE AGC SPEED......................................................................................................................11

6.3 SETTING DRIVE, IDLE AND GATE PARAMETERS...............................................................................12

6.4 SETTING IDLE COMP, IDLE SPEED AND GATE THRESHOLD PARAMETERS ..................................13

6.5 SETTING CHANNEL LINKAGE AND BAND COUPLING ......................................................................13

7 THE PRESET LIST............................................................................................................................. 14

8 APPENDIX A...................................................................................................................................... 16

8.1 SYSTEM EVENTS.....................................................................................................................................16

8.2 GENERAL SYSTEM RESET.....................................................................................................................17

8.2.1 BEFORE BEGINNING........................................................................................................................17

8.2.2 RESET PROCEDURE.........................................................................................................................17

9 APPENDIX B – BLOCK DIAGRAMS OF SINGLE STAGES............................................................... 19

9.1 ANALOGIC INPUT ...................................................................................................................................19

9.2 DIGITAL INPUT .......................................................................................................................................19

9.3 DUAL BAND AGC....................................................................................................................................20

9.4 STEREO ENHANCER...............................................................................................................................20

9.5 BAND 1 COMPRESSOR - LIMITER .........................................................................................................21

9.6 BAND 2 COMPRESSOR - LIMITER .........................................................................................................21

9.7 BAND 3 COMPRESSOR - LIMITER .........................................................................................................21

9.8 BAND 4 COMPRESSOR - LIMITER .........................................................................................................22

9.9 BAND 5 COMPRESSOR – LIMITER.........................................................................................................22

9.10 BAND 6 COMPRESSOR – LIMITER.........................................................................................................22

9.11 FINAL LIMITER .......................................................................................................................................23

10 APPENDIX C - MEASUREMENTS.................................................................................................. 24

10.1 BYPASS PERFORMANCE........................................................................................................................24

10.2 DYNAMIC RANGE AND DISTORTION ..................................................................................................24

10.3 MPX ENCODER INPUT FILTER ..............................................................................................................24

10.4 PILOT QUALITY AND NOISE TEST........................................................................................................25

10.5 PILOT PROTECTION TEST

(MPX CLIPPER OFF) .................................................................................25

10.6 PILOT PROTECTION TEST

(MPX CLIPPER ON)...................................................................................26

10.7 RDS PROTECTION TEST (MPX CLIPPER ON).......................................................................................26

10.8 STEREO SEPARATION TEST ..................................................................................................................27

10.9 MAIN TO SUB TEST.................................................................................................................................27

10.10 MPX DEVIATION TEST (MPX CLIPPER OFF) ....................................................................................28

10.11 MPX DEVIATION TEST (MPX CLIPPER ON)......................................................................................28

11 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS...................................................................................................... 29

QUICK START – CREATING A NEW PRESET

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2 QUICK START – CREATIN G A NEW PRESET

This chapter presents a very easy and fast wa

y to create a new preset beginning from a factory one.

2.1 USING THE WIZARD TO SET DENSITY, COMPRESSION AND SOUND
‘FOOTPRINT’

Pick out the factory pr eset whi c h best fits the desired ‘sound footpri nt’

open the 6-BAND AUDIO PROCESS BLOCK and then click
the WIZARD tab

Enter the WIZARD screen. A lter the listed Macroparameters
very slowly while li stening how the original output sound
modifies. When satisfied with the new sound, click OK. Click
UNDO to discard last modifications or ESC to quit the screen
without savi ng.
NOTE: value ranges shown in the W IZ A RD window are
tailored on the pr oc essing Pr eset being modified and do not
represent any ‘absolut e’ lim it of the Falcon 50 FM processing.

Enter the EQUALIZATION bloc k (EQ), and modify the filter
parameters fir st and then consider each filter effect by turning
it on and off from the relevant f unc tion. It is possible to set
cross-frequenc ies between filters and the amplitude of each
filter window. Click UNDO to discard last modifications or ES C
to quit the screen without saving.

Enter the STEREO ENHANCER block (SE) and alt er its
parameters at will. At the moment, keep unaltered both
Brillianc e and Multiband Controls. Click UNDO to discard l ast
modificati ons or ES C to quit the screen without saving.

Double click the BAND 1 bloc k: the SUPER BASS menu will
be shown. Alter the Bass Type and BassLevel at will and then
consider the filt er intervention by turning it on and off. Listen to
its actual effect and keep the preferred setting. Enter controls
of each Band and try to alter t heir PreDrive controls. You may
increase them by up to 1 dB, whil e You may decrem ent t hem
at will.

Light modific ations are also permitted in the Band Mixer stage
(Band Mixer + Final Limiter block), with increments by up to

0.5dB, while dec r em ents hav e no limi ts. Once reached the
desired sound stamp, k eep it listening carefully to for a
sufficiently long time. Also adjust the Power Attenuati on
(PowerAtt) parameter so that the PA meter on the screen acts
as little as possible whi le applying a slight attenuation. If there
still is something wrong wit h the sound (that is something
different f r om a specific sound detail) and You are unable to
find a relationshi p with any band in particular, sli ghtly reduce
the Final Limiter Drive, or switch to a more smooth Clipping
mode (f.i. from Hardest t o Har d)

QUICK START – CREATING A NEW PRESET

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If You are abl e to det ect a specif ic sound component (f.i. a

specific instr um ent or frequency) giving bad result s on the
final output, try to ident ify the band or the bands involved and
try to reduce their LIMITER Thresholds. Use the SOLO
MODE control provided in each band in order to easier identify
the specific contribution of that band to the final output .

If live speech is fed at the input, test how the various Speech
Detector modes (i nc luded in the SE block) alter the voice
‘colour’. I n the event an external Voice/Mic Processor is used
or music only is processed, selec t MODE 1 or turn it OFF.
NOTE: the MODE 1 is the only mode completely ‘flat’ (that is,
it doesn’t alter the original freq balance in the audio to be
processed), while ot her MODE profiles change speech
equalisati on.

2.2 SETTING THE AGC & MULTI-BAND SPEEDS

Factory presets hav e been designed in or der to react in a quite slow m anner to all level variations of input
signal. Howev er, the final user may alter that behavi our at any moment. It is advisable to t o test the chosen
Preset in ‘ex treme’ condi ti ons, i.e. when the audio pro gram to be processe d contains v ery low music l evels
or very hi gh levels. If faster react ion to those audio content s is desired, modif y the AGC WINDOWS and
AGC RELEASE parameters.

It is also advi sable to increase the Thresholds of AGC Gate (GateThr) and MULTI BAND Gate parameters
(the latter one being inside the SE bloc k) in order to help the Agc stage in f r eezi ng the lowest levels not to be
enhanced.

HINTS AND TIPS: if You hav e reached a pleasant trade-off bet ween sound components with a very good
loudness having as a reference Your preferred Hi-Fi domestic tuner, amplifier and speakers set and the
result is si gnifi cantl y dif ferent when a car- radi o or a sm al l transi tor is u sed in stead, per haps You ex agerated
in ‘pumping’ very low freqs (below 100 Hz) or very high ones (10 Khz or over). In one word, it is
recommended to create Your own processing Presets having as a reference/target a specific tuner type
(home, car, portable, etc), likely the most used by the majorit y of Y our li stener s.

As a refer ence, t he so-cal led RO CK Pr esets done i n t he f ac tory are as muc h ‘univ er sal’ as pos sibl e (that i s,
they do not suff er when reproduced on small loudspakers or poor perf ormance systems), while the HOT
ones have signific ant enhancement on low and high freqs and could not fi t ev er y sound reproduc tion system.

QUICK START – CREATING A NEW PRESET

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2.3 HOW TO CREATE AN ITU-B412 COMPLIANT PRESET FROM A NOT
COMPATIBLE ONE.

Factory Presets rangin g from 40 to 49 have been designed to meet ITU-B412 specification s.
Thus, for an ITU-compliant broadcasting , You just need to load o ne of the ITU Presets (wh ich are
directly derived from the most common not-ITU ones) and turn the MPX POWER CONTROL in the
MPX SETUP block on.

Alternatively, You may want to create an ITU-B412 compliant P r eset hav ing as a reference a Not-ITU one.
To do this, select the Pr eset* Y ou would like to begin from,

open the FINAL LIMITE R bloc k and change t he Drive control to a
value less than – 1.5 dB (- 1.8 dB suggested).
Also select the Cli pping mode = SMOOTH and regulate the
PowerAttenuati on par ameter to – 9.5 dB.

Enable the MPX POWER CONTROL in the MPX SETUP bloc k.

We suggest to listen to th e created P reset fo r a long ti me. I.e., if You will be still able to appreciate slow
and light lev el v ariations on the c reat ed Preset, reduce the Lim it er Driv e paramet er (f.i . set it to - 2. 2 dB or –

2.5 dB).

* the Preset t o begin from should be carefully se lected, as not all factory Presets are suitable for an ITU
operation

HOW TO CHANGE THE PRESET ON AIR

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3 HOW TO CHANGE THE PRESET ON AIR

The processor has 100 curves: the factory presets (PR) are stored in posi tions 00 through 49, while positions
50 to 99 may be set by the operator.

Before creating a new custo m curve, we recommend that you careful ly evaluat e the factory p resets,

all of which are suitable for immediate on-air use given their average content of the various signal
components.

To change the Preset currently on-air, double click the PRESETS block.

The CHANGE PRESET mask shows the current P reset (On Air ), while the alternative one is shown in the
Preset field.

Using the mouse wheel or the +/- k ey s scrol l the Preset list till You reach the desired new curve.
Pressing LOAD, the new Preset will be put on air immediately, while the CHANGE PRESET screen will not

close allowing Y ou to selec t a new Preset, if desired.
Pressing OK, the new Preset will be put on air immediately, and the CHANGE PRESET screen will close.
The software screen header will now show the selcted Preset:

SAVING A NEW PRESET

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4 SAVING A NEW PRESET

As preferred way to cr eate a new Preset, i t is advisable to pi ck up one of the existing one (ei ther Factory
done or user set) and alter it i n or der to get t he sound You want.

To pick up one of existing presets, refer to the previous chapter. Once the Preset is on air, doubl e cli c k the 6­BAND AUDIO PROCESS block to edit it.

At the top left corner the EDIT PRES ET m enu will always prompt which Preset You are goi ng to modify.

As soon as You ent er one of t he processing bl ocks (A GC, SE, EQ, etc) and You alt er one of its param eter
(f.i. You i ncrease the AG C Release speed), the scree n header will revert to the the EDIT BUFFER ON AIR
mode, thus informi ng the user that the origi nal Preset has been modified and he/ she is currently list ening to
the modified one.

The output sound is changed i n r eal time according to the values displayed moment by moment in each
block.

Once finished the m odification task, click the SAVE button.

The SAVE PRESET window prompts You to choose the memory location where the new Preset will be
saved (locati ons fr om 50 to 99) and to ent er a menmonic nam e for that Preset.

Clicking OK the just cr eated Preset is imediately put On Air.
The same SAVE PRESET message is al so displayed every time You quit the 6-BAND AUDIO PROCESS

BLOCK after having alt er ed any par ameter.

IMPORTING/EXPORTING AND MANAGING CONFIG FILES

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5 IMPORTING/EXPORTING AND MANAGING CONFIG FILES

5.1 EXPORTING SINGL E PRESETS, GENERAL CONFIG OR BOTH

The Falcon 50 FM c ontrol software contains speci al tools to selectiv ely export in a file (to be sav ed on Yr
local Pc, to be emailed, to be held on a CD Rom for future use, etc) a single custom preset (that is, a
processing preset c reated by the user) , all user preset s, the general equipm ent configurati on/status (that is:
input setti ng, output settings, pil ot level, passwords, e tc) or either the latter ones (all P resets + equipment
Status).

It is strongly recommended to export in afile the actual equipment STAT US as soon as
You have reached a final / good c onfiguration on the processor. This file m ust be r etained for
future use (f.i., to reload a v alid configuration after a reset, to clone the same configuration on
multiple units, etc).

To EXPORT single presets, al l presets, Status or ‘all’ in a file, cli ck the CONFIG button on the software
screen (placed just below the large navigation buttons).

EXPORT PRESET

Exports in a file the Pr eset selected in the small black window (fr om 50 to 99)

EXPORT PRESETS

Exports in a file ALL procesing presets created by the user (from 50 to 99)

EXPORT STATUS

Exports in a file the general c onfiguration (in and out interfaces, levels, passwords,
etc) of the processor. Presets are NO T included.

EXPORT ALL

Exports in a file the general c onfiguration plus ALL user Presets (RECOM M E NDE D)

Click the desired option and save file following standard operating system procedure.

IMPORTING/EXPORTING AND MANAGING CONFIG FILES

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5.2 IMPORTING PRESETS, GENERAL CONFIG. OR BOTH

The Falcon 50 F M control soft ware contains special tools to selectiv ely import from a f ile a single custom
preset, all user presets, a general equipment configuration/ status (that is: input setti ng, output setti ngs, pilot
level, passwords, etc ) or either the latter ones (all Presets + equipment Status).

Clik the CONFIG large button on the software screen, and then click the IMPORT buttons according to their
scope:

IMPORT PRESET

Imports a single pr oc essing P r eset from a file and places it in the memory position
according to the selec tion done in the small black window (memory posi tions from
50 to 99)

IMPORT PRESETS

Imports the whole set of 50 pr oc essing USER Presets from a file. All current User
presets will be overwritten.

IMPORT STATUS

Imports from a file t he general configuration (in and out interfaces, levels,
passwords, etc) of the proc essor. P r esets are NO T included. The current
configurati on will be lost.

IMPORT ALL

Imports from a file t he general configuration plus ALL user Presets. The whole
current configur ation and presets will be overwritt en.

AGC OPERATION

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6 AGC OPERATION

Double Click the 6-B A ND AUDIO PROCES S bl ock on the main screen.

Double click the AGC bloc k. The AGC screen will open:

One of the most important processor function is the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) system, which
compensates for v ari ations in the input level while keeping the si gnal at its normalized internal level of 0 dBr.
Several parameters regulate the AGC function and may be modified, as shown in the AGC screen.

The bargraph indi cators displays the amount of correction in effect for long-term variations in
the program input signal.

As the Agc stage is a true t wo band stage, t hu s each of two L & R channel s is split t ed into t wo
bands.

6.1 TURNING THE AGC ON/OFF

When needed, the AGC stage can be t otally defeated by turning the Agc control to Disabled.

6.2 SETTING THE AGC SPEED

The AGC speed value is expressed in dB/ sec – i.e. the number of dB amplified or attenuated in one second.
The Falcon 50 FM allows You to set two different working speeds f or the AGC main operation: the Attack

speed and the Release speed, where the f i rst one i s norm ally signifi cantl y higher than t he second one. High
AGC Speed val ues obvi ously make it possibl e to qui ckly r ecover strong l evel diff erences, but t hey can als o
lead to unpleasant ‘ pumping’ eff ects. We suggest u sing medi um speed levels of around 1 ÷ 2 dB/sec, and
especially that you concentrate on the audio sources connect ed to the processor, to obtai n the most even
sound possible.

AGC OPERATION

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When the AGC l evel is getti ng close to its int ernal reference l evel when releasing, the AGC will enter a so
called W ORK ZONE, where the AG C speed i s reduced t o the WZ R el val ue stated in t he AGC WI NDOWS
menu.

The dimension of the WORK Zone i s stated by the WZ Thr (Work Zone Threshold) parameter.
The WORK ZONE interv al (whic h ranges f rom t he negative lev el ex pressed by the WZ Thr paramet er to the
0 dBr internal reference) has been intr oduced because high c ompression and high am plification speed on
the whole band could engender unpleasant pumping effects.

The Attack speed sets the speed the AG C will use to react to sudden and unaxpected transient of input
signal (exceeding 0 dBr), which could bring to improper, lar ge increment of output level.
Basically, the Att ac k time should be set according to the music content s and ty pe (Cl assic al, Rock, etc) being
broadcast.

EXAMPLE 1 – SETTING AGC SPEEDS FOR GENERAL PURPOSE OPERATION

Having set AGC Rel ease speed = + 2 dB/sec and WZ Thr = + 4 dB, an i nput signal of – 14 dBm will be
amplifi ed to – 4 dB in exactly 5 seconds. Once entered the Work Zone, t he approach to the 0 dBr threshold
will be slower, and equal to the WZ Rel speed. Having the latter set to 0.5 dB/sec, the whole travel will take 5
+ 8 = 13 seconds.
NOTE: this is a v ery theoricall y AGC operati on. In fact, t he MultiBand stage (f eaturing i ts own AGC contr ol)
will also contribute to normalize the level.

EXAMPLE 2 – SETTING AGC SPEEDS FOR EXTREME OPERATION

This setting i s indicated when l arge lev el gap should be com pensate in the shortest tim e. Having set AG C
Release speed = + 5 dB/sec and WZ Thr = 1 dB, an i nput signal of – 16 dBm will be amplified to – 1 dB in
exactly 3 second s. Once entered the W ork Zone, t he approach to the 0 dB r threshold will be slower, and
equal to the WZ Rel speed. Havi ng the latter set to 1 dB/sec, the whole travel wil l take 3 + 1 = 4 second s.

6.3 SETTING DRIVE, IDLE AND GATE PARAMETERS

The Agc stage may be con sidered a s a Compr essor stage wit h a posi tiv e Driv e. The Driv e v alue r epresents
the AGC Max G ain, i.e. the maxim um amplification value at tainable by t he AGC system. Thus, a Driv e not
null means AGC can increase l ow lev el s fed at its input.

EXAMPLES
Condition

Drive = 0 - having an input signal at + 8 dBr*, the AGC meter will read – 8 dB and the AGC stage will

output 0 dBr (the AGC stage i s always capable t o attenuate large signals)

- having an i nput signal at –2 dBr *, t he AGC m eter will read 0 and the AG C stage will output –

2 dBr (there is no capability to add Gain, as the Drive factor is null)

Drive = 3 - havi ng an input signal at + 8 dBr*, t he AGC meter will read – 11 dB and the AGC out put will

be 0 dBr (the AGC stage is always capable t o att enuate large signals)

- having an input signal at –2 dB r *, the AGC meter will read - 1 and the AG C stage will output 0

2 dBr (the Agc stage is able to com pensate for low signal, as Drive factor is not null)

* if the input signal is rated at the same lev el of A/D Reference, this is also the level of the s ignal being fed to
the processor.

Drive paramet er may be considered as the maximum amplification v alue att ainable by the AGC system.
For instance, setting Drive = +12 dB means that maximum amplification is +12dB: thus a –12dB signal can
be compensated to 0, whil e a –15dB si gnal will reach a maximum of –3dB.

AGC OPERATION

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6.4 SETTING IDLE COMP, IDLE SPEED AND GATE THRESHOLD PARAMETERS

The two parameter s IDLE Comp and IDLESpeed set the behaviour of AGC stage when the input signal is
‘silent’ or it falls under the Gate Threshold (see GateThr parameter).

The Idle Comp sets the Compression rat e the AGC will reach when no signal is provided at the input .
The Idle Speed sets the AGC speed to reach t hat point.

Whit IdleSpeed = locked, t he AGC freezes at it s current status as soon as the input signal is removed or
drops under threshold.

It is advisable to set IdleComp = Drive
The GateThr parameter indi cates the threshold l evel under which the AGC system is frozen, and does not

amplify t he si gnal. While operating without the si gnal, the look- up table on the software screen visualizes the
AGC GATED status.

NB: the AGC stage wait a fixed time of 0.5 sec before intervening when the signal vari es.

6.5 SETTING CHANNEL LINKAGE AND BAND COUPLING

The AGC circuit may work with left/right channel completely correl ated, uncorrelated or parti ally correlated
(with percentage user-definable).

With L/ R Linkag e = 100 % the overall circ uit gain i s controlled by the greater of the left or right channel
signals

With L/R L inkage = 0 % the AGC control i s completely splitt ed over the two channels (i .e an indipendent
AGC control is applied to each channel).

As general rule, a percentage = 70 % may help in compensate for slight difference in l ev el s (up t o ar ound 3
dB) between input L and R channels.

In the same way, the A GC circuit may work with two band s complet ely correlated, unc orrelated or parti ally
correlated ( with percentage user-definable) .

With L/ R Linkag e = 100 % the overall circ uit gain i s controlled by the greater l ev el on the top or bottom
bands

With L/R Linkage = 0 % the AG C cont rol is com plet ely split ted ov er the two band s (i. e an indi pendent AGC
control is applied to each band, thus resulting on a kind of audi o equalization).

As general rule, a percentage = 70 % (in associ ation wit h a Crossi ng frequenc y and Cross slope between
bands well t uned on the actual audi o material to be proc essed) may help i n controlling ‘dr um beats’ or low
frequency ‘punch’ music components whch may alter AGC operati on on higher frequencies.

THE PRESET LIST

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7 THE PRESET LIST

N° NAME SCOPE DENSITY DEFINITION

00 Rock (default) General Purpose Mid High
01 Adult Contemp General Purpose Low Very High
02 Hot AC General Purpose Mid Mid
03 Purist General Purpose Mid High
04 Soft AC General Purpose Mid Mid
05 W ide Effect Effect Evaluation Mid-High Low
06 Classical 1 Classical Music Very Low High
07 Classical 2 Classical Music Low High
08 Clean&Smooth General Purpose Mid High
09 Country 1 Live & Acustic Mid-High Mid
10 Country 2 Live & Acustic Mid-High Mid
11 Jazz Jazz Music Low High
12 Modern Rock General Purpose Mid Mid
13 Phat One General Purpose High Low
14 Solid Gold General Purpose High Low
15 Talk Talk Radio Mid Mid
16 Urban Disco-House-Urban Mid-High Mid
17 Oldies General Purpose Mid-High Mid
18 Factory Test -------------------- ------------ -------­19

Soft Rock General Purpose Mid High

20

Hot Compress General Purpose High Mid

21

RockCompress General Purpose High Low

22

WideCompress General Purpose High Low

23

UrbanCompress

Disco-House-Urban

High Low

24

Rock Live General P ur pose High Mid

25

Hot Live General Purpose High Mid

26

Wide Live General Purpose High Mid

27 Empty Empty Empty Empty
28 Empty Empty Empty Empty
29 Empty Empty Empty Empty
30 Empty Empty Empty Empty
31 Empty Empty Empty Empty
32 Empty Empty Empty Empty
33 Empty Empty Empty Empty
34 Empty Empty Empty Empty
35 Empty Empty Empty Empty
36 Empty Empty Empty Empty
37 Empty Empty Empty Empty
38 Empty Empty Empty Empty
39 Empty Empty Empty Empty
40 Rock ITU General Purpose Very Low High
41 Hot AC ITU General Purpose Very Low High
42 Soft AC ITU General Purpose Very Low High
43 Purist ITU General Purpose Very Low High
44 Classic ITU Classical Music Very Low High
45 Country ITU Live & Acustic Very Low High
46 Jazz ITU Jazz Music Very Low High
47 Talk ITU Talk Radio Very Low High
48 Urban ITU Disco-House-Urban Very Low High
49 Oldies ITU General Purpose Very Low High
50 Rock ITU General Purpose Very Low High

THE PRESET LIST

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NOTE: The Speech Detecto r stage is set as ENABLED w ith all the factory Preset s (even i f at differen t
modes/levels). It may be advisable to turn the Speech detector Off when using an external Voice
Processor / Mic Processor (oppure usarlo nella modalita’ 1 in modo da usufruire della funzione
Stereo Enhacer auto_off).

7.1 SPEECH DETECTOR – MODE TABLE

BAND1 BAND2 BAND3 BAND4 BAND5 BAND6 STEREO_ENH

MODE 1 0dB 0dB 0dB 0dB 0dB 0dB AUTO_OFF
MODE 2 0dB 0dB 0dB 0dB +2dB +3dB AUTO_OFF
MODE 3 0dB 0dB 0dB 0dB +2dB +4dB AUTO_OFF
MODE 4 0dB 0dB 0dB + 2dB +2dB +4dB AUT O_OFF
MODE 5 0dB 0dB 0dB + 2dB +3dB +6dB AUT O_OFF
MODE 6 0dB 0dB 0dB + 3dB +6dB +4dB AUT O_OFF
MODE 7 0dB 0dB 0dB + 3dB +6dB +4dB AUT O_OFF
MODE 8 0dB 0dB +2dB +5dB +6dB +6dB AUTO_OFF
MODE 9 0dB 0dB +2dB +5dB +6dB +6dB AUTO_OFF

APPENDIX A

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APPENDIX A

7.2 SYSTEM EVENTS

Using the event logs in Ev ent Viewer, y ou c an gather information about major problem s or events occurred
during the equi pm ent lif e or from the last general hardware reset.

In order not to fill the Logger mem or y in extra-fast way, for events of the same natur e only Tim e and Date will
be updated.

The presence of hardware errors will help the administrator in knowing the cause of them or in getting faster
repairing servic e. The logger also shows if and when the system has been turned of f/on and if Alarm
conditions arised.

To access the EVENTS LOG Screen, click the SYSTEM tab:

and then the EVENTS page:

The EVENTS screen contain the last 20 system events, with relevant Time and Date

Possible event s are:

"NO PRIMARY INPUT SOURCE "

"SYS CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION"

"TEMPERATURE OVER 60°C "

"SYS CLOCK FAILURE "

"TEMPERATURE OVER 70°C "

"DSP 0 FAILURE "

"DIGITAL INPUT FAILURE "

"DSP 1 FAILURE "

"DIGITAL OUTPUT FAILURE "

"DSP 2 FAILURE "

"ALARM CONDITION "

"DSP 3 FAILURE "

"UART 1 FAILURE (RS-232) "

"NOT VOLATILE MEM FAILURE "

"UART 2 FAILURE (REAR USB)"

"ETHERNET FAILURE "

"UART 3 FAILURE(FRONT USB)"

"UNRECOGNIZED FAULT "

"UART 4 FAILURE (TCP/IP) "

"SYSTEM STATUS RESET "

APPENDIX A

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7.3 GENERAL SYSTEM RESET

This document describes the procedure to perform a general har dware Re set.

7.3.1 BEFORE BEGINNING

WARNING!

Save your presets! Th is reset p roced ure will cause all of you r preset s to be d efinitel y
erased. If you h ave a computer w ith Pc Control Softw are installed, transfer th em to
the computer as described in the manual (EXPORT ALL procedure).

If you don't, write down the settings for each parameter.

7.3.2 RESET PROCEDURE

REMOVE POWER from the Falcon 50 FM by disconnecting the AC power cord. Disconnect all other
cables to make access conv enient.

REMOVE the TOP COVER from the unit by removi ng the phillips screws around the peripher y of t he
cover.

PLACE the UNIT in front of you with the FRONT PANEL facing you. All instructions are described
and/or shown with the unit in this position

Locate the jumper mar k ed JP1 on the left of the main board (see diagram here below).

APPENDIX A

ENG

Page 18

Reconnect the AC power cord t o the rear of the unit.
Switch the equi pm ent On
set the jumper JP1 to its LEFT (external) posit ion: as soon as the Jumper will be set, the three front

LEDs OPERATE, PC-LINK and ALARM will light firmly
Remove and set again the Jum per i n its Left posi tion quickly: the OPERATE LED will turn Off
Now, remove and quickly set again the Jumper in its Left position: the PC- LINK LE D will also tur n Of f
As third step, rem ov e and set again the Jumper in its Left position very fast: all LE Ds will star t blinking
At this moment, the Reset has not been alr eady performed and You still have a ‘back door’ to get the

system back to work without loosing its current confi guration. In the event You would like not to reset
the unit any more, switch off and then on again. If You want to still reset the unit, wait til l the end of
blinking sequence: as soon as the O P E RA TE LE D will resume to blink, the generale reset is
successfully performed.

APPENDIX B – BLOCK DIAGRAMS OF SINGLE STAGES

ENG

Page 19

8 APPENDIX B – BLOCK DIAGRAMS OF SINGLE STAGES

8.1 ANALOGIC INPUT

A/D

CONVERTER

PHASE

ROTATOR

30 Hz HP

FILTER

CLIPPING

POINT

REFERENCE

{ Off, Level 1, Level

2, Level 3 }

{ Off, On }

A/D

CONVERTER

PHASE

ROTATOR

30 Hz HP

FILTER

CLIPPING

POINT

REFERENCE

{ Off, Level 1, Level

2, Level 3 }

{ Off, On }

x

x

INPUTCOMMUT

ATIONMATRIX

SWA

P

L

/

RINVERTLINVERTR

{ Stereo,

Mono L,
Mono R,

Mono L+R

}

InputLInput

R

L

R

T
O

A
G
C

S
T

A
G

E

Analogic Input

15 KHz

LP FILTER

15 KHz

LP FILTER

8.2 DIGITAL INPUT

DIGITAL

INTERFACE

PHASE

ROTATOR

30 Hz HP

FILTER

RESOLUTION REFERENCE

{ Off, Level 1, Level

2, Level 3 }

{ Off, On }

DIGITAL

INTERFACE

PHASE

ROTATOR

30 Hz HP

FILTER

RESOLUTION REFERENCE

{ Off, Level 1, Level

2, Level 3 }

{ Off, On }

x

x

INPUTCOMMUTATIONMATRI

X

SWA

P

L/RIN

VERTLINVERT

R

{ Stereo,

Mono L,

Mono R,

Mono L+R

}

InputLInput

R

L

R

T
O

A
G
C

S
T

A
G

E

Digi tal In put

15 KHz

LP FILTER

15 KHz

LP FILTER

APPENDIX B – BLOCK DIAGRAMS OF SINGLE STAGES

ENG

Page 20

8.3 DUAL BAND AGC

CROSS

POINT

FREQUENCY

FILTER
SLOPE

RMS

RMS

COMPRESSION

CONTROL

L/R

LINKAGE

DRIVE

DRIVE

{0.0,…,+20.0

dB}

{0,…,100%}

BAND
COUPLING
{0,…,10 0%}

CROSS

POINT

FREQUENCY

FILTER
SLOPE

RMS

RMS

COMPRESSION

CONTROL

DRIVE

DRIVE

{0.0,…,+20.0

dB}

BAND

COUPLING

{0,…,10 0%}

RMS

AVG

LEFT

INPUT

RIGHT

INPUT

T

O

EQUALIZER

T

O

EQUALIZER

Dual Band Stereo

AGC

8.4 STEREO ENHANCER

FILTER

GATE

DIGITAL

DELAY

EFFECT

MEASUREMENT

Limiter

LEVEL

+++

+

-

-

+

+

Input

R

Input

L

Output

R

Output

L

DRIVE DEPTH

Digi tal Ster eo

Enhancer

APPENDIX B – BLOCK DIAGRAMS OF SINGLE STAGES

ENG

Page 21

8.5 BAND 1 COMPRESSOR - LIMITER

BAND 1
FILTER

BAND 1

COMPRESSOR

BANK

SELECTION

FROM STEREO ENHANCE

R

BAND 1 COMPRESSOR LIMITER

STAGE

THRESHOLD

COUPLING

ATTACK

RELEASE

PRE-DRIVE

BAND 1
LIMITER

THRESHOLD ATTACK

RELEASE

BAND 1

CLIPPER

LIMITER THRESHOLD

&

CLIPPING POINT

BAND 1

EXPANDER

THRESHOLD

RATIO

BAND 1
FILTER

BANK

SELECTION

T
O

B
A
N
D

M
I

X
E
R

SUPER

BASS

FILTER

SUPER BASS

TYPE

SUPER

BASS

COMPRESSOR

COMPRESSOR

THRESHOLD

SUPER

BASS

8.6 BAND 2 COMPRESSOR - LIMITER

8.7 BAND 3 COMPRESSOR - LIMITER

BAND 3

FILTER

BAND 3

COMPRESSOR

BANK

SELECTION

FROM STEREO ENHANCE

R

BAND 3 CO MPRESSOR LIM ITER

STAGE

THRESHOLD

COUPLING

ATTACK

RELEASE

PRE-DRIVE

BAND 3
LIMITER

THRESHOLD ATTACK

RELEASE

BAND 3

CLIPPER

LIMITER

THRESHOLD & CLIPPING POINT

BAND 3

EXPANDER

THRESHOLD

RATIO

BAND 3
FILTER

BANK

SELECTION

T
O

B
A
N
D

M
I

X
E
R

APPENDIX B – BLOCK DIAGRAMS OF SINGLE STAGES

ENG

Page 22

8.8 BAND 4 COMPRESSOR - LIMITER

BAND 4

FILTER

BAND 4

COMPRESSOR

BANK

SELECTION

FROM STEREO ENHANCE

R

BAND 4 CO MPRESSOR LIM ITER

STAGE

THRESHOLD

COUPLING

ATTACK

RELEASE

PRE-DRIVE

BAND 4
LIMITER

THRESHOLD ATTACK

RELEASE

BAND 4

CLIPPER

LIMITER

THRESHOLD & CLIPPING POINT

BAND 4

EXPANDER

THRESHOLD

RATIO

BAND 4
FILTER

BANK

SELECTION

T
O

B
A
N
D

M
I

X
E
R

8.9 BAND 5 COMPRESSOR – LIMITER

BAND 5

FILTER

BAND 5

COMPRESSOR

BANK

SELECTION

FRO

M STEREO EN

HANCE

R

BAND 5 CO MPRESSOR LIM ITER

STAGE

THRESHOLD

COUPLING

ATTACK

RELEASE

PRE-DRIVE

BAND 5
LIMITER

THRESHOLD ATTACK

RELEASE

BAND 5

CLIPPER

LIMITER

THRESHOLD & CLIPPING POINT

BAND 5

EXPANDER

THRESHOLD

RATIO

BAND 5
FILTER

BANK

SELECTION

T
O

B
A
N
D

M
I

X
E
R

8.10 BAND 6 COMPRESSOR – LIMITER

BAND 6

FILTER

BAND 6

COMPRESSOR

BANK

SELECTION

FROM STEREO ENHANCE

R

BAND 6 CO MPRESSOR LIM ITER

STAGE

THRESHOLD

COUPLING

ATTACK

RELEASE

PRE-DRIVE

BAND 6
LIMITER

THRESHOLD ATTACK

RELEASE

BAND 6

CLIPPER

LIMITER

THRESHOLD & CLIPPING POINT

BAND 6

EXPANDER

THRESHOLD

RATIO

BAND 6
FILTER

BANK

SELECTION

T
O

B
A
N
D

M
I

X
E
R

APPENDIX B – BLOCK DIAGRAMS OF SINGLE STAGES

ENG

Page 23

8.11 FINAL LIMITER

EMPHASIS

HF

LIMITER

PHASE

ADJUST

DELAY

HF

CLIPPER

LOOK-AHEAD

LIMITER

CLIPPING

MODE

{ 50uS,

75uS }

{ 50uS,

75uS }

BRILLIANCE

{ 50uS,

75uS }

15 KHz

LP

(LA

Meter)

(HF

Meter)

OutMixB1

OutMixB6

FINAL

EXPANDER

POWER
LIMITER

(PAMeter)

FINAL

MID-HIGH

LIMITER

FINAL
BASS

LIMITER

CLIPPING

MODE

CLIPPING

MODE

CLIPPING

MODE

(MF

Meter)

(BF

Meter)

CLIPPING

MODE

THRESHOLD,

RATIO

FROMMULTIBAND

S

P
R
O
C
E
S
S
O
R

S
I

G
N
A
L

FINAL LIMITER

LIMITER

DRIVE

APPENDIX C - MEASUREMENTS

ENG

Page 24

9 APPENDIX C - MEASUREMENTS

9.1 BYPASS PERFORMANCE

AUDIO TESTS STRUMENTATION:
ANALOGIC MEASURES : NEUTRIK MINILYZER ML1

NEUTRIK MINIRATOR MR1
DIGITAL MEASURES: NEUTRI K DIGILIZER DL1

BYPASS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE: S/N

ANALOGIC INP – ANALOGIC OUT -99.1dB (-102.3 A-WTD) CLIP 18.0dBu – REF 0.0dBu
ANALOGIC INP – DIGITAL OUT -103.5dB(-105.8 A-WTD) CLIP 18.0dBu – REF 0.0dBu
DIGITAL INP – ANALOGIC OUT -101.3dB(-102.6 A-WTD) CLIP 18.0dBu – REF 0.0dBu
DIGITAL INP – DIGITAL OUT -124.3dB(-126.8 A-WTD)

BYPASS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE: BAND

ANALOGIC INP – ANALOGIC OUT -0.15dB(30Hz), -0.15dB(14.9Khz), -50dB(16.5Khz)
ANALOGIC INP – DIGITAL OUT -0.15dB(30Hz), -0.15dB(14.9Khz), -50dB(16.5Khz)
DIGITAL INP – ANALOGIC OUT -0.15dB(30Hz), -0.15dB(14.9Khz), -50dB(16.5Khz)
DIGITAL INP – DIGITAL OUT -0.15dB(30Hz), -0.15dB(14.9Khz), -50dB(16.5Khz)

BYPASS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE: DISTORSION+NOISE

ANALOGIC INP – ANALOGIC OUT Less than 0.01% (1Khz)- 10dB HeadRoom
ANALOGIC INP – DIGITAL OUT Less than 0.005% (1Khz)- 10dB HeadRoom, 24 Bit
DIGITAL INP – ANALOGIC OUT Less than 0.005% (1Khz)- 24Bit , 10dB HeadRoom
DIGITAL INP – DIGITAL OUT Less than 0.001% (1Khz)- 24 Bit, 24Bit

9.2 DYNAMIC RANGE AND DISTORTION

PROCESS ENABLED SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

DYNAMIC RANGE From 85dB to 98dB Preset Dependent
DISTORSION Preset Dependent (Typ. Less than 0.1%)
BAND Preset Dependent

9.3 MPX ENCODER INPUT FILTER

MPX ENCODER INPUT FILTER

TYPE FIR (FINITE INPULSE RESPONSE)
BAND RESPONSE -0.1dB(30Hz),-0.1dB(14.9Khz),-70dB(16.3Khz)

-100dB(19Khz)

APPENDIX C - MEASUREMENTS

ENG

Page 25

MPX TEST
STRUMENTATION

AUDIODEVICES MPX METER MF1 SOFTWARE KIT
NATIONAL INSTRUMENT 6034E – 16 BIT ACQUISITION CARD

9.4 PILOT QUALITY AND NOISE TEST

PILOT LEVEL -20.0dBr (Referred to +12dBu 100% Modulation)
PILOT FREQUENCY 19000.34Hz (at 23° Celsius)
PILOT DISTORSION 0.008% ( on 100Khz Band)
PILOT DISTORSION+NOISE 0.078% ( on 100Khz Band)
NOISE -88dBr ( on 100Khz Band, Referred to 100% Mod)
TEST CONDICTIONS OUT LEVEL = +12dBu, LOAD=600Ohm, PILOT LEV= -20dB

MPX SOURCE= INPUT, MODE=STEREO

9.5 PILOT PROTECTION TEST (MPX CL IPPER OFF)

PILOT PROTECTION 78. 3dB (WINDOW FROM 17Khz to 21Khz, Referred to 6.9% Pilot

injection)

NOTE: MEASURE PRESET INDEPENDENT

TEST CONDITIONS

OUT LEVEL = +12dBu, LOAD=600Ohm, PILOT LEV=-20dB
MPX SOURCE= PROC , MODE=STEREO, MPX CLIPPER=OFF

APPENDIX C - MEASUREMENTS

ENG

Page 26

9.6 PILOT PROTECTION TEST (MPX CL IPPER ON)

PILOT PROTECTION 67. 8dB (WINDOW FROM 17Khz to 21Khz, Referred to 6.9% Pilot

injection)

TEST CONDITIONS

OUT LEVEL = +12dBu, LOAD=600Ohm, PILOT LEV=-20dB
MPX SOURCE= PROC , MODE=STEREO, MPX CLIPPER=100%
PRESET= ROCK (PRESET 0)

9.7 RDS PROTECTION TEST (MPX CLIPPER O N)

RDS PROTECTION 53.2dB (WINDOW FROM 55Khz to 59Khz, Referred to 3% Rds

injection)

TEST CONDICTIONS

OUT LEVEL = +12dBu, LOAD=600Ohm, PILOT LEV=-20dB
MPX SOURCE= PROC , MODE=STEREO, MPX CLIPPER=100%
PRESET= ROCK (PRESET 0)

APPENDIX C - MEASUREMENTS

ENG

Page 27

9.8 STEREO SEPARATION TEST

STEREO SEPARATION

75.2dB (30Hz), 74.9dB( 100Hz ) , 75. 4dB ( 1K hz),

76.1dB(10Khz), 72.3dB(15Khz)

TEST CONDITIONS

OUT LEVEL = +12dBu, LOAD=600Ohm, PILOT LEV=-20dB
MPX SOURCE= INP , MODE=STEREO, MPX CLIPPER=100%

9.9 MAIN TO SUB TEST

MAIN TO SUB

76.2dB (30Hz), 75.9dB(100Hz), 75.8dB(1Khz),

71.3dB(10Khz), 68.3dB( 15K hz )

TEST CONDITIONS

OUT LEVEL = +12dBu, LOAD=600Ohm, PILOT LEV=-20dB
MPX SOURCE= INP , MODE=STEREO, MPX CLIPPER=100%

APPENDIX C - MEASUREMENTS

ENG

Page 28

9.10 MPX DEVIATION TEST (MPX CLIPPER OFF)

MAX DEVIATION

78.8Khz (a 3-4Khz error from reference allow to set an external Mpx Clipper
to the suggested cli pping point). Usefull in partic ol ar on the Analogic Audio
Output to reach equivalent performance to the internal MpxClipper when an
external mpx clipper is used.

TEST CONDITIONS

OUT LEVEL = +12dBu, LOAD=600Ohm, PILOT LEV=-20dB
REFERENCE= GENERATOR (1Khz, LEFT=RIGHT, 100% Modulation)
MPX SOURCE= PROC, MODE=STEREO, MPX CLIPPER=Off

9.11 MPX DEVIATION TEST (MPX CLIPPER ON)

MAX DEVIATION 75.8Khz
TEST CONDITIONS

OUT LEVEL = +12dBu, LOAD=600Ohm, PILOT LEV=-20dB
REFERENCE= GENERATOR (1Khz, LEFT=RIGHT, 100% Modulation)
MPX SOURCE= PROC, MODE=STEREO, MPX CLIPPER=100%

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

ENG

Page 29

10 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

GENERAL

Dimensions 3 rack unit, 352 x 483 x 132 mm ~ AC Rate 230 Vac 50 Hz / 110 Vac 60 Hz +/-10%
Weight Around 7 Kg Power consumption 25 VA

ANALOG AUDIO INPUT DIGITAL AUDIO INPUT

Convers i on 24 bit Sigm a-Delta (Cr yst al C S4 272)

Connect or T yp e XLR female & optical tos/ li nk

Connector Type XLR female el. Balanced - EMI –suppressed

Formats AES3/EBU

Nominal Level adj - 10.0dBu to +15.0dBu (0.1dBu step)

Input Rates

32/44.1/48/64/88.2/96KHz with automatic
selection and jitter correction

AD Clipping Point 0.0dBu to 24.0dBu (0.1dBu Step)

Nominal Lev el ad j From 0.0dBFs t o –25 dBFs (0.1dBu S t ep)

AD Dynam. Range 104 dB RMS (107dB A weighted)

Dynamic Range 125dB (Typ), 122dB (Min)

Impeda nce 600Ohm / 10KOhm

Resolution

16 / 20 / 24 bit

Input Modes

Stereo, Mono L+R, Mono L, Mono R, L/R
Swapped, separated R & L polarity inversion

Input Modes

Stereo, Mono L+R, Mono L, Mono R, L/R

Swapped, separated R & L polarity inversion
Phase Rotator & Hi
Pass Filter

Selectable & Configurable separately from
Dig ital Input

Phase Rotator & Hi
Pass Filter

Selectable & Configurable separately from

Analog Input

ANALOG AUDIO OUTPUT DIGITAL AUDIO OUTPUT

Convers i on 24 bit Sigm a-Delta (Cr yst al C S4 272)

Connector Type XLR male & optical tos/link

Connector Type XLR male el. Balanced - EMI –suppressed

Formats AES3/EBU, IEC60958, EIAJCP1201

Nominal Level -5.0 dBu to +20.0dBu (0.1dBu step)

Sample Rates

32/44.1/48/64/88.2/96KHz internal or

synchronized to Digital Input / AES-EBU

SYNC Input
Source Impedance 50 Ohm

Output Level From 0.0 dBFs To –2 5.0dBFs (0.1dBFs Step)

Load impedance 600 Ohm or gr eater

Resolution 16 / 20 / 24 bit

Group Delay 5 msec

Group Delay 5msec

INPUT SELECTION

(either the Analog or the Digital Input can be set as primary)

Switch Mode - Switch from a software command

Fail mode

-

No Signal on Primary input

- Switch from a remote command

- Signal und er - 30dB of n om inal value

- Switch in the event of audio failure

- Left-Right unbal > 6dB on Primary channel

Fail Time

5-60Sec (step 5 Sec)

Restore Time

1-10 Sec (step 1 Sec)

AUX IN (1,2 and 3)

SYNC-OUT

Connector Type floating BNC, EMI suppressed

Connector Type floating BNC, EMI suppressed

Leve l –20dB or 0dB Gain (jumper selectable).

Sync-Out TTL-level (5Vpp) 19 kHz Pilot Ref. Out

Input Impedance > 10 Kohm

REMOTE CONTROL (GPI) INTERFACE

REMOTE COMPUTER INTERFACES

Inputs 6 TTL level

Serial P ort s 1 x RS-232 38400 Baud

Outputs 4 TTL level

Ethe rnet interface Static IP 10/100Mbits Interface (option)

Connector SubD 25 pin

USB interface

2 Port Usb 2.0 Full Speed
Type optically decoupled

Rem. Ctrl software

Dedicated, for Win 95,98,XP,NT,2000

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

ENG

Page 30

MPX OUTPUT MODULE

Mpx Signal, MpxClipper & Overshoot Compensator Modules are processed at 760Ksamples/sec

Conversion 24 bit ( Texas BB PCM1738)

Stereo Sep aration >70 dB typ. on the wh ol e b and ( 7 5dB@ 1Khz)
Mpx Outputs 2, with independent level controls Crosstalk M/S 70 dB
Mpx Modes Stereo, Mono, L+R, L-R, Pilot Only, No Pilot Crosstalk S/M 70 dB
Mpx Clipper On/Off & 95% - 105%, 1% Step control 38KHz suppress. > 80dB
Cmp 1 output level – 10.0dBu to +15dBu (0.1 dBu step) Pilot Protection > - 70 dB (Relative to 10% of Pilot injection)
Cmp 2 output level – 10.0dBu to +15dBu (0.1 dBu step) RDS Protection
Mod Power Limiter adjustable from –1.0dB to +12dB from ITU Ref

better than -55 dB @ 56Kh z, b ett er than

- 65dB @ 57 Khz (Mpx Clipper Disabled)
Pilot Frequency*** 19 KHz +/- 1Hz S/N >85 dB (on 60 Khz Bandwidth)
Pilot Injection –14.0 to –26.0dB (0.1dB Step) (Ref 100% Mod) Source impedance 10 Ohm
Pilot Phase Adjustable +/- 12 deg. (1 d eg st ep) Load Impedance 600 Ohm or greater
Pilot TDH+Noise 0.06% (TDH 0.00 5%) Out. Conn. type BNC floating over cha s sis, EMI sup.

Stability*** +/-10 ppm (-10 to +55 °C) Pre-emphasis

50usec, 75usec (+- 3usec adjust control
available to compensate external problems)

*** higher stability available on requ es t

BY-PASS MODE

SINE WAVE INTERNAL GENERATOR

Frequency Resp 30 Hz-15 KHz (- 0.1 dB)

Purpose Can feed eac h out pu t m odule for test

Output Noise -10 3 dB (A-weight ed)

Freq 30, 100, 400 Hz, 1Khz, 5Khz, 10Khz, 15Khz

THD 0.008% - (0.005% @ 1Khz)

Level from 0% to 120% of Modulation

Stereo Cr oss Talk > -80dB (from 30Hz to 15Khz)

Modes Left=Right, Left=-Right, Left or Right Only

Group Delay 2 ms

SOUND ENHANCING CONTROLS

PARAMETRIC EQUALIZER CONTROLS

Stereo En h ancer On/Off, Band, Depth, Limiter Thr & Drive

Low Pass Filt er On/Off, Gain & Slope

Super Bass On/Off, Bass Type & Drive

Mid Range Filter On/Off, Gain & Width

Brilliance On/Off & Level

Hi Pass Filter On/Off, Gain & Slope

*All sound enhancing and Parametric equalizer modules are processed at 47.5 Ksamples/sec.

PRESETS:

50 Factory Presets + 50 user definable

SIX BANDS MULTIRATE PROCESS* CONTROLS

BICHANNEL, DUAL BAND AGC CONTROLS

Band 1-6 Compr. Threshold, Attack & Release Speed

Hi / Lo Bands Crossover Frequency & slope

Band 1-6 Compr.
Coupling

Quantity & Rule of Compressors Coupling

Main Drive, Gate Threshold, Attack & Release

Speed, Idle Compression & Speed

Band 1-6 Limiters Threshold & R el ease Speed

Coupling Coupling between the two bands

Band 2-6 Expand. Threshold & Expansion ratio

Work zone Threshold & Release

Band 1-6 Distors.
Cancell ed C li pp er s

Thresh old ad jus table
(Clip Mode for Band1 Only)

L/R Linkage 0- 100 %

Band 1-6 Mixing Gain & Solo

AGC processing 47.5 Ksamples/sec

Coupling Select. 2-3-5-6 Bands-like system and more

WIZARD PANEL

Filte rs Banks Five Banks of six filte rs (preset selectable)

Density Less / More Density (+/-10)

Speech Detector automatic voice detecting

Compression Less / More (+/-10)
Equalization Warmth to Open (+/-10) Additional

MultiB and Controls

MB Gate Threshold, MB Drive, MB Idle Gain,
MB Idle Speed, MB Agc Coupl ing

Expansion Less / More (+/-10)

*Low Delay Multirate 6 band predictive not linear process (full Antialiased).

Band1 & Ban d2 are pr ocessed at 47 .5 Ks amples/sec .
Band3 & Band4 are processed at 190.0 Ksamples/sec.
Band5 & Band6 are processed at 380.0 Ksamples/sec.

DAB-IBOC OUTPUT MODULE (OPTIONAL)

DAB-IBOC MODULE CONTROLS

Connectors XLR male & optical tos/link Low Pass Filter On/Off, Gain & Slope
Formats AES3/EBU Mid Range Filter On/Off, Gain & Width
Sample Rates the same as the Digital audio Output Hi range Filter On/Off, Gain & Slope
Output Level 0.0 dBFs to – 25.0dBFs (0.1dBFs Step) LookAhead Limiter Drive & LookAhead Time
Group Delay 5 ms Overshoot Comp. On/Off
*All DAB Par am et r ic equalizer filt er s are processed at 47.5 Ksamp l es /s ec.

*The LookAhead Final Limiter & The Overshoot Compensator are processed at 190 Ksamples/sec

AC MAINS FUSE

Ratings 315 mA (for 230 Vac), 640 mA (for 115 Vac) Type Timed (slow blow)
Dimensions 5 x 20 mm glass tube