Eutech instruments TN-100, T-100 User Manual

Instruction Manual

gyM

sy...

TN-100/ T-100

Portable Turbidimeter

Technol o

adeEa

68X357701

Rev. 1 10/03

Preface

This manual functions in two ways: first as a step by step guide to help
you operate the waterproof TN-100/ T-100 turbidimeter; second, it serves
as a handy reference guide.

It contains basic instructions that you must follow during the operation,
care and maintenance of the instrument. The safety protection provided by
this equipment may be impaired if it is used in a manner not described in
this manual. It is recommended that all operators should read this manual
prior to working with this instrument.

Eutech Instruments/ Oakton Instruments cannot accept any responsibility
for damage or malfunction to the meter caused by improper use of the
instrument.

The information presented in this manual is subject to change without
notice as improvements are made, and does not represent a commitment
on the part of Eutech Instruments Pte Ltd/ Oakton Instruments.

Note: Eutech Instruments Pte Ltd/ Oakton Instruments reserves the
right to make improvements in design, construction, and appearance
of our products without notice.

Copyright © 2003 All rights reserved.

Eutech Instruments Pte Ltd

Oakton Instruments

Rev. 1 10/03

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 OVERVIEW .......................................................................................1

1.1 Unpacking TN-100/ T-100 Meter and Accessories 1

1.2 Display 2

1.3 Keys and Functions 3

1.4 Battery Installation 4

2 TURBIDITY CALIBRATION..............................................................5

2.1 Calibration Standards 5

2.2 Indexing 5

2.3 Calibration Procedure 6

2.4 Restoring Factory Calibration 8

3 TURBIDITY MEASUREMENT.........................................................10

3.1 General Information 10

3.2 Turbidity Measurement Procedure 10

3.2.1 Preparation of Sample Vial 11

3.2.2 Measurement Procedure 12

3.3 Single-Shot or Continuous Measurement 13

4 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE........................................................15

5 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE.............................................................16

5.1 Vials – Handling, Cleaning and Care 16

6 ACCESSORIES...............................................................................17

7 SPECIFICATIONS...........................................................................18

8 ADDENDUM 1: TURBIDITY ...........................................................19

8.1 Definition 19

8.2 Why Is It Important? 19

8.3 Measurement Principle 19

8.4 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) 20

8.5 Indexing a Vial 20

9 ADDENDUM 2: GUIDE TO GOOD MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE
21

9.1 Maintain sample vials in good condition 21

9.2 Match Sample Vials 21

9.3 Degassing 21

9.4 Timeliness of Sample 22

9.5 Other Important Sampling Techniques 22

9.6 Calibration 23

9.7 Dilution 23

10 WARRANTY....................................................................................24

11 RETURN OF ITEMS........................................................................24

Instruction Manual TN-100/ T-100

1 OVERVIEW

Thank you for selecting the waterproof portable TN-100/ T-100
turbidimeter. The TN-100/ T-100 allows you to measure turbidity of an
aqueous sample in the field. This instrument operates on the
nephelometric principle of turbidity measurement and is designed to meet
the criteria specified in ISO 7027 and DIN 27027 standards (see
Measurement Principle on page 19).

1.1 Unpacking TN-100/ T-100 Meter and Accessories

The table below indicates the items that you should find in your
turbidimeter shipment.

Item Quantity

1. Field Portable TN-100/ T-100 Turbidimeter with 4 “AAA”
batteries

2. Instruction Manual 1

3. Instrument Carrying Case 1

4. Light Shield Cap 1

5. Calibration Set (0.02, 20.0,100, 800 NTU Standards) 1

6. Empty Vials 3

7. Plastic bottle (empty – for collecting sample) 1

8. Silicone Oil 1

9. Lint free cloth 1

1

Remove TN-100/ T-100 turbidimeter from the packing carton. Carefully
inspect all items to ensure that no visible damage has occurred during
shipment. If the items you received do not match your order, please
contact your nearest distributor immediately.

WARNING: Extra care should be taken when

unpacking, opening, and handling the calibration
standards and sample vials. Surface scratches or
finger smudges on the vial surface may cause
measurement errors. Handle these items by their
caps only.

Batteries provided with the meter package are to be installed prior to use.
See Section 1.4 - Battery Installation on page 4.

Figure 1 depicts the meter. The three main components of the instrument
are the sample well, the display, and the keypad. The following sections
will describe the functionality of the display and the keypad. The proper
use of the instrument and the sample well will be discussed in later
sections.

1

Instruction Manual TN-100/ T-100

Sample Vial

Sample Well

Index Mark

Liquid Crystal Display

Keypad

Figure 1: Parts of TN-100/ T-100 Turbidimeter

1.2 Display

All the LCD segments and annunciators that can appear on the display are
shown in Figure 2. The display is used for reporting the turbidity reading
and to provide guidance for the operation of the instrument. In addition,
the display has several other annunciators that are used to communicate
error messages and provide user guidance.

Calibration
Standards

Battery Indicator

CAL 13 CAL 24

TAvg

mg/l
NTU

Units of
Measurement

ppm
%pH

14-segment Liquid Crystal Display

Figure 2: Customized LCD when switched on

2

Instruction Manual TN-100/ T-100

1.3 Keys and Functions

The keypad has five keys: ON/OFF, CAL, ▲, ▼, and READ/ENTER.

Keys Functions
ON/OFF - Powers on and shuts off the meter. With the auto switch-off feature

the meter automatically shuts off 20 minutes after last key press.

CAL - Initiates the calibration mode of the meter. When pressed, the meter

is set to accept the first calibration standard.

- It is also used to exit the calibration mode if the user does not want

to follow the complete calibration procedure.

READ /
ENTER

▲and▼ - Active only during calibration mode. These keys are used to select

- When in measurement mode, the READ/ENTER key is used to

perform a measurement.

- Single-shot measurements: When the key is pressed and released

immediately (a quick key stroke of less than 0.3 seconds), the
display will blink [-Rd-] for 10 times and then display the measured
value.

- Continuous measurements

held, the instrument will perform a continuous measurement during
which the display is updated every 2 seconds. This can be used for
indexing vials. (This function is not available in calibration mode).
After the READ/ENTER key is released, the instrument will
automatically perform a single-shot measurement.

- When in calibration mode, the READ/ENTER key is used to confirm

the measurement for the calibration standards.

the calibration point in an incremental/ decremental manner.

NOTE: This meter is also fitted with an auto incrementing feature, i.e.
after the successful calibration of one point it auto selects the next
calibration point, or automatically exits the calibration mode after the
fourth calibration point.

: If the READ/ENTER key is pressed and

READ

ENTER

CAL

ON

OFF

WATERPROOF

3

Instruction Manual TN-100/ T-100

1.4 Battery Installation

Four AAA-sized batteries are included in your meter’s packaging:

1. Use a Philips screwdriver to remove the two screws holding the
battery cover. See Figure 3.

2. Remove the battery cover.

3. Insert the batteries. Follow the diagram inside the cover for correct
polarity.

4. Replace the battery cover onto its original position using the two
screws removed earlier.

5. The meter is now ready to operate.

Philips Screws

Battery cover

Four 'AAA'-sized batteries

Figure 3: Battery Installation

NOTE:

Dispose used batteries in accordance with your local
regulations.

4

Instruction Manual TN-100/ T-100

2 TURBIDITY CALIBRATION

The TN-100/ T-100 turbidimeter was calibrated and tested prior to leaving
the factory. Therefore, it is possible to use the instrument directly out of
the box. However, re-calibration of the instrument is recommended to help
you become familiar with the operation of the instrument and the
calibration procedures. In addition, re-calibration is recommended at least
once every month for optimum accuracy.

It is recommended that you perform a full calibration using all 4 standards
provided to ensure full-range accuracy. However, the TN-100/ T-100
turbidimeter provides flexibility for you to calibrate at selected ranges
suitable for your application.

In addition, the instrument comes with a light shield cap to shield off stray
light during calibration and measurements.

2.1 Calibration Standards

We recommend that you use the following materials during calibration to
achieve the accuracy stated in this manual:

 CAL 1: 800 NTU Calibration Standard
 CAL 2: 100 NTU Calibration Standard
 CAL 3: 20.0 NTU Calibration Standard
 CAL 4: 0.02 NTU Calibration Standard

It is well known that diluted Formazin is unstable. If you choose to use
Formazin to calibrate the instrument, ensure that you are using a fresh
stock suspension of Formazin to achieve the accuracy quoted for the
instrument. Calibration standards offered are more stable than Formazin
and have a limited shelf life of 12 months. If you use the supplied
calibration standards to calibrate the instrument, review the expiration date
(indicated on cap label) to ensure that the standards have not expired.

It is important that the calibration standards are not
violently shaken or agitated because air entrapment
in the fluid introduces an error factor during
calibration which subsequently will lead to an
inaccurate measurement.

2.2 Indexing

Due to the high quality of the glass vials provided, indexing is not required.
You only need to align the mark on the vial with the mark on the meter.
However, in order to achieve a better accuracy of the measurement, you
can proceed with indexing of the vials. See Section 8.5 - Indexing a Vial
on page 20 for more information.

5

Instruction Manual TN-100/ T-100

2.3 Calibration Procedure

1. Place TN-100/ T-100 turbidimeter on a flat and level surface.

2. Select the calibration function of the instrument by pressing the CAL
button once. The [CAL] annunciator will blink momentarily and the
meter will prompt for the first calibration standard CAL 1 standard (800
NTU).

3. Insert the CAL 1 standard (800 NTU) into the sample well, aligning the
mark on the vial with the mark on the meter. See Figure 10 on page

12.

4. Press down until the vial snaps fully into the instrument.

5. Cover the vial using the light shield cap.

6. Press READ/ENTER key.

7. The [CAL 1 800 NTU] annunciator will blink for about 12 seconds.
When the instrument has completed calibration for this point, it prompts
you to insert the next calibration standard into the sample well [CAL 2
(100 NTU).

8. Repeat the calibration sequence for each calibration standard.

9. After you successfully calibrate the CAL 4 standard (0.02 NTU), the
display will show [STbY].

10. The meter is now ready to perform next measurement.

Figure 4 shows the complete calibration sequence.

NOTES:

1. If you wish to exit the calibration mode you may
do so at the end of any step by pressing the CAL
key. The meter will accept only the values
calibrated prior to exiting.

2. You can skip a calibration point by pressing ▲ or
▼ keys and move on to the next calibration point.

3. After a successful calibration of one point, it will
auto select the next calibration point. It will
automatically exit calibration mode after the fourth
calibration point.

4. If an error occurs during calibration, the display
will present an error message. The meter will
abort calibration and return to the measurement
mode without saving the last calibration value.

5. For a list of error messages, refer to Section 4:
Troubleshooting Guide on page 15.

6