Page 1
Rev F – April 2010 – 110150-1001F
USER MANUAL
ZyWAN
Cellular Routing Modem
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR A BETTER WORLD
www.eurotech.com
Page 2
© 2009 Eurotech Inc.
Trademarks
All trademarks both marked and not marked appearing in this document are the property of their
respective owners.
Document Revision History
REVISION
DESCRIPTION
DATE
A
Initial release.
June 2007
B
Minor updates and formatting changes.
October 2007
C
Updates for ZyWAN release 1.4.
Added sections on USB, clearing browser cache,
Security page, and mechanical diagrams.
October 2007
D
Updates for ZyWAN release 1.5.
Added Open Ports and optional fields to Networking,
HTTPS option, support for 3G and Novatel modems,
and rules for default gateway/DHCP/DNS.
Added configuration examples.
Updated RS-485 wiring detail.
February 2008
E
(rev 2.0)
Updates for ZyWAN release 1.7 and style changes.
Added Modem Status pages, DNS option for Cellular,
and masquerade option for port forwarding.
Added sections on setting up PuTTY and WinSCP,
updating ZyWAN firmware manually, and backing up
and restoring configurations.
Changed 'cingular' to 'att'.
June 2009
F
Minor updates and formatting changes.
April 2010
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Table of Contents
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110150-1001F
Table of Contents
Trademarks ......................................................................................................................................................... 2
Document Revision History ................................................................................................................................ 2
Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................. 3
Important User Information ............................................................................................................................. 6
Safety Notices and Warnings ............................................................................................................................. 6
Alerts that can be found throughout this manual ...................................................................................................... 6
Product Handling and Environmental Guidelines ..................................................................................................... 6
Warranty ............................................................................................................................................................. 7
WEEE ................................................................................................................................................................. 7
RoHS .................................................................................................................................................................. 7
Technical Assistance .......................................................................................................................................... 8
Conventions ........................................................................................................................................................ 8
Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
Product Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 9
Features ................................................................................................................................................................... 9
ZyWAN Model Numbers ........................................................................................................................................ 10
Accessories ............................................................................................................................................................ 10
Operating Characteristics ................................................................................................................................. 11
Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................................................................ 11
Temperature Range ............................................................................................................................................... 11
PART 1: GETTING STARTED ........................................................................................................................ 13
Chapter 1 Interfaces ................................................................................................................................... 14
LED Indicators .................................................................................................................................................. 15
Power Connector .............................................................................................................................................. 16
Ethernet ............................................................................................................................................................ 16
Antenna Connections ....................................................................................................................................... 17
Serial Ports ....................................................................................................................................................... 18
COM1, COM2, COM3 (RS-232) ............................................................................................................................ 18
COM3 (4-wire RS-485/422) ................................................................................................................................... 18
USB ....................................................................................................................................................................... 19
SIM Card ........................................................................................................................................................... 20
Installing a SIM card (GPRS / 3G / IDEN) .............................................................................................................. 20
Battery Link ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
Understanding Network Interfaces ................................................................................................................... 21
Chapter 2 Accessing the ZyWAN .............................................................................................................. 22
What You Will Need .......................................................................................................................................... 22
Hardware Requirements ........................................................................................................................................ 22
Software Requirements ......................................................................................................................................... 22
Network Requirements .......................................................................................................................................... 22
Optional Equipment ............................................................................................................................................... 23
Additional Documentation ...................................................................................................................................... 23
Serial Connection to COM1 .............................................................................................................................. 24
RS-232 Null Modem Cable .................................................................................................................................... 24
Setting Up Software .......................................................................................................................................... 25
Windows HyperTerminal ........................................................................................................................................ 25
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SSH Client (PuTTY) ............................................................................................................................................... 26
SFTP/SCP Client (WinSCP) .................................................................................................................................. 27
Initial Connection with Single PC ...................................................................................................................... 30
Initial Connection Over a Network .................................................................................................................... 33
Troubleshooting Connection Problems ............................................................................................................ 36
Unable to Load Web Page ..................................................................................................................................... 36
Ping the ZyWAN .................................................................................................................................................... 36
Check the PC’s Network Configuration .................................................................................................................. 37
Using ZyWAN COM1 for Diagnostics .................................................................................................................... 37
Check with Network Administrator ......................................................................................................................... 38
PART 2: SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION ...................................................................................................... 39
Chapter 1 Web Configuration Page .......................................................................................................... 40
Web Page Login ............................................................................................................................................... 40
Switching Between HTTP and HTTPS ................................................................................................................... 42
Clearing the Browser Cache .................................................................................................................................. 43
Changing a Configuration ................................................................................................................................. 44
Using Default Gateway, DHCP, and DNS ........................................................................................................ 45
Configuration Options ............................................................................................................................................ 45
Default Route ......................................................................................................................................................... 46
DHCP Server and NAT .......................................................................................................................................... 46
DNS Server ............................................................................................................................................................ 46
Chapter 2 System Status ........................................................................................................................... 47
Status Web Page .............................................................................................................................................. 47
Get Modem Status ............................................................................................................................................ 48
EVDO Status .......................................................................................................................................................... 48
3G Status ............................................................................................................................................................... 51
IDEN Status ........................................................................................................................................................... 54
GPRS Status .......................................................................................................................................................... 57
Chapter 3 Cellular Configuration .............................................................................................................. 61
ZyW AN-EVDO Options ..................................................................................................................................... 61
ZyW AN-3G Options .......................................................................................................................................... 70
ZyW AN-IDEN Options ...................................................................................................................................... 72
ZyW AN-GPRS Options ..................................................................................................................................... 72
Chapter 4 Ethernet configuration ............................................................................................................. 74
Enable Eth0/Eth1 .............................................................................................................................................. 74
DHCP Client ..................................................................................................................................................... 74
Fixed Address ................................................................................................................................................... 74
DHCP Server .................................................................................................................................................... 75
Chapter 5 WiFi configuration .................................................................................................................... 77
DHCP Client ..................................................................................................................................................... 78
Fixed Address ................................................................................................................................................... 78
DHCP Server .................................................................................................................................................... 79
Chapter 6 Networking configuration ........................................................................................................ 81
Open Ports ........................................................................................................................................................ 81
Enable Port Forwarding .................................................................................................................................... 83
Enable NAT ...................................................................................................................................................... 84
Time Synchronization ....................................................................................................................................... 86
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Chapter 7 GPS configuration .................................................................................................................... 87
Forward GPS to Physical COM Port ................................................................................................................ 88
Enable GPS Terminal Server ........................................................................................................................... 89
GPS UDP Message Format.............................................................................................................................. 90
Arcom Format for GPS Messages (UDP) .............................................................................................................. 92
Chapter 8 Terminal Clients ........................................................................................................................ 94
Host Connection Table ..................................................................................................................................... 97
Chapter 9 Terminal Servers ..................................................................................................................... 100
Serial Ports Table ........................................................................................................................................... 103
Chapter 10 Update ...................................................................................................................................... 105
Updating Via the Web Interface ...................................................................................................................... 105
Updating Using WinSCP................................................................................................................................. 106
Starting with versions 1.2 through 1.4 .................................................................................................................. 106
Starting with version 1.5 ....................................................................................................................................... 108
Chapter 11 Security .................................................................................................................................... 110
Chapter 12 Backing Up Configurations .................................................................................................... 112
Saving Configuration Files .............................................................................................................................. 112
Restoring Configuration Files ......................................................................................................................... 112
PART 3: CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES .................................................................................................... 113
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 114
Configuration Example 1: Network Router ............................................................................................... 115
Cellular Setup ................................................................................................................................................. 115
Ethernet Setup ................................................................................................................................................ 116
WiFi Setup ...................................................................................................................................................... 117
Networking Setup ........................................................................................................................................... 118
Checking Out Example 1 ................................................................................................................................ 119
Configuration Example 2: WiFi Client ....................................................................................................... 120
WiFi Setup ...................................................................................................................................................... 120
Configuration Example 3: Terminal Server ............................................................................................... 121
Terminal Server Setup .................................................................................................................................... 122
Networking Setup ........................................................................................................................................... 122
Configuration Example 4: GPS interface .................................................................................................. 123
Cellular Setup ................................................................................................................................................. 123
GPS Setup ...................................................................................................................................................... 123
Networking Setup ........................................................................................................................................... 124
Appendix .................................................................................................................................................. 125
A.1. Mechanical Specifications ....................................................................................................................... 125
A.2. Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) ..................................................................................................... 127
Eurotech Worldwide Presence .................................................................................................................... 129
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Important User Information
In order to lower the risk of personal injury, electric shock, fire, or equipment damage, users must observe
the following precautions as well as good technical judgment, whenever this product is installed or used.
All reasonable efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of this document; however, Eurotech
assumes no liability resulting from any error/omission in this document or from the use of the information
contained herein. Eurotech reserves the right to revise this document and to change its contents at any time
without obligation to notify any person of such revision or changes.
Safety Notices and Warnings
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation, service, and
repair of this equipment. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this
manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the equipment. Eurotech
assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
The safety precautions listed below represent warnings of certain dangers of which Eurotech is aware. You,
as the user of the product, should follow these warnings and all other safety precautions necessary for the
safe operation of the equipment in your operating environment.
Alerts that can be found throughout this manual
The following alerts are used within this manual and indicate potentially dangerous situations.
Warning:
Information regarding potential hazards:
• Personal injury or death could occur. Also damage to the system, connected
peripheral devices, or software could occur if the warnings are not carefully
followed.
• Appropriate safety precautions should always be used. These should meet the
requirements set out for the environment that the equipment will be deployed in.
Information and/or Notes:
Indicates important features or instructions that should be observed
Product Handling and Environmental Guidelines
Warnings:
Electric current from power and communication cables is hazardous. To avoid shock
hazard when connecting or disconnecting cables, follow appropriate safety
precautions. Ensure that the correct operating voltage is used when powering the
device.
Do not open the equipment to perform any adjustments, measurements, or
maintenance until all power supplies have been disconnected.
The ZyWAN is equipped with a certain level of protection against power surges.
However, to ensure maximum protection or when using in areas susceptible to
electrical disturbances and lightning, use of an external surge suppressor is strongly
recommended.
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Important User Information
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Antistatic Precautions
To avoid damage caused by ESD (Electro Static Discharge), always use appropriate antistatic precautions
when handing any electronic equipment.
Batteries
The ZyWAN contains a coin-type, replaceable Lithium battery to maintain its real-time clock when input
power is removed. The ZyWAN is normally shipped with the battery jumper connected. If the unit will be
sitting unused for lengthy periods of time, it is recommended to remove the jumper to extend the life of the
battery. See Battery Link on page 21 for more details.
Warning:
To avoid possible injury:
• Do not short circuit the batteries or place in water or on a metal surface where the
battery terminals could be shorted. Do not incinerate or heat to more than 100 °C
(212 °F). Do not crush or otherwise disassemble the battery or attempt to repair
the battery.
• Do not recharge. The batteries are non-rechargeable. There is a danger of
explosion if a lithium battery is recharged or incorrectly replaced.
• Dispose of used batteries according to the manufacturer’s instructions and local
ordinances.
Warranty
This product is supplied with a limited warranty. The product warranty covers failure of any Eurotech
manufactured product caused by manufacturing defects. Eurotech will make all reasonable effort to repair
the product or replace it with an equivalent alternative. Eurotech reserves the right to replace the returned
product with an alternative variant or an equivalent fit, form, and functional product. Delivery charges will
apply to all returned products.
WEEE
The following information is issued in compliance with the regulations as set out in the 2002/96/CE directive,
subsequently superseded by 2003/108/CE. It refers electrical and electronic equipment and the waste
management of such products.
When disposing of a device, including all of its components, subassemblies, and materials that are an
integral part of the product, you should consider the WEEE directive.
This symbol has been attached to the equipment or, if this has not been possible, on the
packaging, instruction literature and/or the guarantee sheet. By using this symbol, it states that
the device has been marketed after August 13, 2005 and implies that you must separate all of its
components when possible and dispose of them in accordance with local waste disposal
legislations.
• Because of the substances present in the equipment, improper use or disposal of the refuse can
cause damage to human health and to the environment.
• With reference to WEEE, it is compulsory not to dispose of the equipment with normal urban refuse,
and arrangements should be instigated for separate collection and disposal.
• Contact your local waste collection body for more detailed recycling information.
• In case of illicit disposal, sanctions will be levied on transgressors.
RoHS
This device, including all its components, subassemblies, and the consumable materials that are an integral
part of the product, has been manufactured in compliance with the European directive 2002/95/EC known as
the RoHS directive (Restrictions on the use of certain Hazardous Substances). This directive targets the
reduction of certain hazardous substances previously used in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE).
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Technical Assistance
If you have any technical questions, cannot isolate a problem with your device, or have any enquiry about
repair and returns policies, contact your local Eurotech Technical Support Team.
See Eurotech Group Worldwide presence, page 129 for full contact details.
Before returning any Eurotech supplied product, for any reason whatsoever, you must first send an e-mail to
the Technical Support Team. You will receive an RMA number (Returned Material Authorization) for the
return of the material.
Provide the following information in the RMA request:
• Model number
• Serial number
• Detailed fault description
• Company Details
• Contact details
Conventions
The following conventions are used throughout this manual.
Symbol / Text
Pin Definition
NC
Not Connected
Reserved
Use reserved to Eurotech, must remain unconnected
Text in
Courier font is used to indicate commands entered or responses received at a command prompt in
either the Windows or Linux operating system.
Pack the product in anti-static material and ship it in a sturdy cardboard box with
enough packing material to adequately protect the shipment.
Any product returned to Eurotech improperly packed will immediately void the
warranty for that particular product!
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Introduction
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Introduction
The ZyW AN is a cellular routing modem for GSM/GPRS, EvDO/1xRTT CDMA, iDEN and 3G networks. It is
ideally suited for wireless applications wireless applications such as Internet access, AVL, telemetry,
SCADA, mobile computing, and AMR. The ZyW AN operates as a fully configurable embedded Linux router
enabling firewall, DHCP, DNS and NAT. ZyWAN provides real-time network access to any Ethernet, 802.11
or serial device for mobile and fixed data applications.
A GPS adapter provides a sophisticated tracking program and raw NMEA data strings for mapping
applications. The tracking program reports the device location, speed and heading on regular intervals and
caches data when out of network. To easily manage the ZyWAN configuration, a Web page presents a
simple tool to quickly change settings locally or over-the-air.
This User Manual provides the basic configuration and hardware information required for getting started with
the ZyW AN products. For more detailed information, see www.zywan.com
for additional technical and
addendum documentation.
Product Overview
Features
The features offered by the ZyW AN include:
• Rugged design – handles challenging industrial or mobile telemetry environments.
• Wireless features – provides cellular, WiFi (802.11) and GPS communication.
• Ethernet – two 10/100 base-T ports provide independent wired network ports.
• Networking – takes full advantage of IP networking technologies.
• Firewall – provides data encryption and authentication.
• Security – secure routing of IP data between the cellular network, Ethernet, and 802.11 WLAN.
• Wireless router – can act as gateway for local wired or wireless LAN to access the Internet.
• Serial communication – field equipment can connect via RS-232, RS-422/485, or LAN ports.
• Localization – GPS receiver allows applications or local devices to pinpoint exact location.
• VPN – IPSec security and PPTP VPN capabilities are available.
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ZyWAN Model Numbers
The standard model numbers for the ZyW AN are determined by the hardware options which are part of the
product. The list of features and model number variations are explained next.
ZyWAN
-
CCCC
####
-
Options
where,
CCCC identifies the cellular network.
GPRS = GPRS/GSM network (AT&T, T-Mobile, O2, Orange, etc.)
3G = 3G network (AT&T, T-Mobile, O2, Orange, etc.)
IDEN = IDEN network (Nextel)
EVDO = EVDO/CDMA network (Sprint)
(omitted) = base model, with no cellular option
#### identifies the main model variation.
1000 = Base model with COM3 as RS-232
1001 = Base model with COM3 as RS-485
Options identifies additional optional components.
-WiFi = WiFi (802.11) wireless network
-GPS = GPS receiver
In addition, project-specific model names are given to ZyWAN models, which include specific hardware or
software to meet customer project requirements.
Accessories
Several accessories for the ZyW AN are listed next.
ZW-AC-PSU ZyW AN AC Power Supply and Power Cord
ZW-Null-Modem RS232 Null Modem Cable
ZW-RJ45-Xover Crossover RJ45 Ethernet cable
ZW-Pwr cable ZyW AN Power Cable -10ft (Included w/ base unit)
ZW-CD ZyWAN CD (Manual, App notes)
ZW-Starter Kit ZyW AN Starter KIT (CD,Null modem, Xover, AC PSU)
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Introduction
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Operating Characteristics
Electrical Characteristics
General
FEATURE
DESCRIPTION
Processor/clock:
520MHz PXA270 processor
Dimensions:
238.5mm (9.4”) x 141mm (5.6”) x 65mm (2.6”)
Weight:
1.25 kg (2.75 lbs)
Mounting:
Panel mount aluminium enclosure
Memory:
64Mbytes SDRAM and 32Mbytes Flash
Serial ports:
(2) RS-232 and (1) optional RS-232 or RS-422/485
LAN:
(2) RJ45 10/100baseT
USB
(2) USB 1.1 ports (one or both used internally on some models)
Wireless WAN:
GSM, IDEN, or EVDO cellular data network, and 802.11b option,
depending on product model
GPS
Fastrax iTrax 03 GPS receiver
Power
FEATURE
DESCRIPTION
Input power:
+10 to +26 VDC
Overvoltage/reverse
voltage protection:
100 VDC
Ignition sense input:
12 VDC protected
Power consumption:
2 W (excluding 802.11b, cellular and other peripheral devices)
5 W (approximate, including 802.11b and cellular)
Power consumption for communication devices varies depending on
the amount of transmission time. Typical values for maximum power
consumption are listed (assuming full transmit power over a sustained
period). Realistically, the total power consumption is much less
because the module does not transmit continuously.
GSM (GR64) cellular module: 7.5 W (max)
IDEN (iO270) cellular module: 4.8 W (max)
GPRS (MC5725) cellular module: 6.6 W (max)
802.11b: 2 W (max)
Temperature Range
FEATURE
DESCRIPTION
Temperature:
Operating:
-20 to +65 C
Note: Certain models of cellular modems or WiFi cards may have a
lower operating temperature range. Contact your local Eurotech
representative for more details.
Storage:
-40 to +85 C
Humidity:
10% to 90% relative humidity (non-condensing)
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PART 1: GETTING STARTED
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Chapter 1 Interfaces
The front panel of the Z yWAN contains the following ports and indicators:
Further information about these ports and connectors is provided in the following sections.
CELL – Cellular
antenna connection
(SMA)
COM2 – RS-232
for data
communication
GPS – Antenna connection
for GPS receiver (SMA)
COM3 – RS-232 or RS-422/485
for data communication
DIV – Diversity antenna,
optionally used for EVDO (SMA)
COM1 – RS-232 serial port
for local console diagnostics
LED indicators
USB ports (2) – One or both may be
used internally for EvDO, etc.
LAN ports (2) – RJ-45 10/100BaseT
Ethernet, with link and activity LEDs
802.11 – Antenna connection for
wireless WiFi network (reverse SMA)
POWER –
10-26 V DC input
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LED Indicators
The ZyWAN has three LED lights which indicate the following:
POSITION
INDICATES
DISPLAY EXPLANATION
Top
Power and GPS
Off = ZyW AN is not powered.
On = On during startup of ZyWAN.
Slow blink = ZyWAN is running, but there is no GPS lock.
(Slow blink is approximately one blink every 2 seconds.)
Fast blink = ZyW AN running, and GPS position lock
obtained.
Middle
Cellular Connection Status
Off = Cellular interface not started (ppp0 not present).
On = Cellular interface started, and network communication
ability probable.
(This does not necessarily guarantee that communication can
occur. For instance, when the interface is established but the
device goes out of range of cellular coverage, the light may
still indicate a solid On condition.)
Slow blink = Received data activity detected on cellular
network.
Bottom
WiFi Connection Status
Off = WiFi interface not started (wlan0 not present).
On = WiFi interface started, and network communication
ability probable.
(This does not necessarily guarantee that communication can
occur. For instance, when the interface is established but the
device goes out of range of WiFi coverage, the light may still
indicate a solid On condition.)
Slow blink = Received data activity detected on WiFi
network.
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Power Connector
The ZyWAN can be powered from 10 to 26 VDC. Power to the Z yWAN is supplied via the 4-pin power
socket (mating connector: Kycon KPPX-4P plug). The power plug must be inserted with the flat part of the
plug facing up (toward the top of the ZyWAN front panel). The pin configuration is as follows:
PIN
SIGNAL NAME
1
+ Power
2
Ignition sense
3
- Power (GND)
4
GND
The ignition sense input is intended for sensing the
on/off condition of a vehicle’s ignition, but it is not yet
supported in the ZyWAN application software.
Ethernet
The pin assignments for the Ethernet LAN connection are shown in the following table. The yellow LED is a
Link/Activity light, which illuminates when a 10/100Base-T connection is made and flashes when there is
data activity. The green LED illuminates when a 100 MB/s connection is made.
PIN
SIGNAL NAME
1
Transmit +
2
Transmit -
3
Receive +
4
Reserved
5
Reserved
6
Receive -
7
Reserved
8
Reserved
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Antenna Connections
The “CELL” connector on the front of the ZyW AN is typically a standard polarity SMA (female) connector.
The cellular antenna to be connected here must be rated for operation within one or more of the ranges
required by the ZyWAN model/cellular type, as given in the following table.
CELLULAR TYPE
FREQUENCIES
EVDO
US Cellular (824-894 MHz)
North America PCS (1850-1990 MHz)
3G
GSM 850 (824-894 MHz)
EGSM 900 (880-960 MHz)
GSM 1800 (1710-1880 MHz)
GSM 1900 (1850-1990 MHz)
IDEN
IDEN 800 (806-870 MHz)
IDEN 900 (896-941 MHz)
GPRS
GSM 850 (824-894 MHz)
EGSM 900 (880-960 MHz)
GSM 1800 (1710-1880 MHz)
GSM 1900 (1850-1990 MHz)
The “DIV” connector is a standard polarity SMA connector used for a diversity antenna. This is an option
used with EVDO models to enhance signal reception, and it uses the same EVDO frequencies.
The “GPS” connector is a standard polarity SMA connector, which connects to a GPS antenna with a typical
frequency of 1575.42 MHz (L1). Typically, GPS antennas must have line of sight to a wide area of the sky in
order to receive signals from multiple positioning satellites.
The “802.11” connector is a reverse polarity SMA (male) connector. It connects to a WiFi antenna, with a
typical range of 2.4-2.485 GHz.
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Serial Ports
The following tables show pin assignments for the serial ports.
COM1, COM2, COM3 (RS-232)
PIN
SIGNAL NAME
1
Data Carrier Detect (DCD)
2
Receive Data (RX)
3
Transmit Data (TX) *
4
Data Terminal Ready (DTR) *
5
Ground
6
Data Set Ready (DSR)
7
Request To Send (RTS) *
8
Clear To Send (CTS)
9
Ring Indicator (RI)
* = output signals
COM3 (4-wire RS-485/422)
PIN
SIGNAL NAME
1
NC
2
NC 3 RS-485/422 TX-
4
RS-485/422 RX-
5
GND
6
NC 7 RS-485/422 TX+
8
RS-485/422 RX+
9
GND
RS-485 / RS-422 wiring diagrams
When connecting RS-485 or RS-422 devices in a multidrop configuration, there must usually be a 120Ω
termination resistor at one or both end devices in the network but NOT on any devices in the middle of the
loop. The ZyWAN provides a 4-wire RS-485/422 interface.
In RS-485 or RS-422 systems, the ground connection is optional. Typically, it is used to connect the cable
shield for a shielded, twisted pair cable. In the ZyW AN, the RS-485/422 ground is common with the RS-232
grounds, but it is isolated from the metal case. In order to avoid ground loops, connect the cable shield to the
RS-485/422 GND AT ONLY ONE POINT in the network.
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The following wiring diagrams show the correct device connection arrangements.
Master Device
Middle
Devic e(s)
End Device
TX+
TXRX+
RX-
GND
RX+
RX-
TX+
TX-
4-wire RS-485/422 Device Connections
End device (and RS-485 Master) may need 120 ohm termination resis tor,
optional middle device(s) must not have resistor.
Drawing is labeled as if devic es are DTE. Direction of arrows is correct,
regardless of R X/TX labeling on a given device.
RX+
RX-
TX+
TX-
Drg. S15037-02b
(Optional)
4-wire to 2-wire RS-485/422 Device Connections
End device (and RS-485 Master) may need 120 ohm termination resis tor,
optional middle device(s) must not have resistor.
Drawing is labeled as if devic es are DTE. Direction of arrows is correct,
regardless of RX/TX labeling on a given device.
Drg. S15037-02c
Middle
Devic e(s)
End Device
Data+
Data-
Data+
Data-
Master Device
(4-wire)
TX+
TXRX+
RX-
GND
(Optional)
USB
One or both of the USB ports may be used internally for EvDO or WiFi. EvDO uses the top USB port
internally, and it is unavailable externally. An older WiFi option used the bottom USB port internally, but the
WiFi option now uses an internal PCMCIA card. If the ZyW AN includes either of these hardware options, the
external USB socket will be plugged to indicate the port is in use, and it must not be used for external
equipment.
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SIM Card
The ZyW AN for a GPRS, 3G, or IDEN network requires a SIM card from the network provider in order to
operate on the cellular data network. The SIM card is accessible through an access panel on the bottom of
the ZyW AN.
Installing a SIM card (GPRS / 3G / IDEN)
To change or install the SIM card, complete the following steps:
1. Remove the power connector, and then remove other connectors from the Z yWAN.
2. Unscrew the four screws and remove the access panel on the bottom.
3. Slide the black SIM card holder, and remove the existing SIM card.
4. Install the new SIM card and replace the access panel.
5. Restore all connectors reconnecting the power cable last.
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Battery Link
The ZyW AN contains a coin-type replaceable Lithium battery (CR2032, 3V) to maintain its real-time clock
when input power is removed. A user jumper on the main circuit board enables this battery. The ZyWAN is
normally shipped with the battery jumper connected. If the unit will be sitting unused for lengthy periods of
time (months or years), it is recommended to remove the jumper to extend the life of the battery. When the
device is running in a normally powered state or when it will be off for short periods of time, there is no need
to remove the jumper.
To change the setting of the battery jumper or to replace the battery, remove power and all connectors from
the ZyWAN and remove it from its installed location. Ensure that anti-static precautions are taken when
handling the device. Remove the four screws on the front plate and the two screws from either side of the
enclosure lid. In some cases, it may also be necessary to remove the four screws from the back plate.
Remove the lid and locate the battery and battery jumper (JP2). The battery is enabled when the jumper is
fitted. To replace the battery, remove it from its holder and replace it with an equivalent (CR2032) battery.
Dispose of the used battery according to the manufacturer’s instructions and local ordinances.
Carefully replace the lid, ensuring that all internal cables remain in place. Replace mounting screws and
external cabling to their correct locations.
Understanding Network Interfaces
The ZyWAN contains at least four possible IP network connections or ‘interfaces’. These interfaces are
mentioned throughout this manual and on the ZyW AN configuration page. The ZyWAN system assigns
each interface a name. The last character of each interface name is a number, 0 (zero) or 1, as listed in the
following table. When these interface names are used in the Web configuration page, they must be entered
exactly as written (case sensitive).
NAM E
INTERFACE DESCRIPTION
eth0
Ethernet port 0
eth1
Ethernet port 1
ppp0
Cellular network (for all cellular technologies and providers)
wlan0
802.11 WiFi network
JP2
Battery
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Chapter 2 Accessing the ZyWAN
This section describes several ways to gain access to the Z yWAN for diagnostic and system maintenance
purposes and some utility software that may be useful for troubleshooting.
What You Will Need
Hardware Requirements
The ZyWAN must be connected to a stand-alone computer and/or a network, so that the initial configuration
may be loaded via the Web configuration page.
In order to perform the initial configuration via a stand-alone computer, you need the following hardware:
• ZyWAN unit
• Power supply
• Computer with 10base-T Ethernet network port and Web browser
• Ethernet crossover cable
In order to perform the initial configuration via an existing network, you need the following hardware:
• ZyWAN unit
• Power supply
• Network equipment and cables to connect ZyWAN
• Computer with network connection, RS-232 serial port, and Web browser
• Serial crossover cable (or some other means of identifying the DHCP-assigned address of the
ZyW AN after it powers on)
Software Requirements
The computer used to perform the ZyW AN configuration must have the following software:
• Windows operating system (Windows 2000 or Windows XP)
• Web browser: Mozilla Firefox ver. 2 (recommended), or Internet Explorer ver. 6 or ver. 7
• Serial terminal program, such as Windows HyperTerminal
Other operating systems or Web browsers may be used, but they may not work as described in this
document.
Network Requirements
The network used to perform the ZyW AN configuration must have the following requirements:
• Either a direct connection (via Ethernet crossover) or existing network LAN connection from the
computer to the ZyWAN for the initial setup
• Network configuration of wired LAN, wireless 802.11 WAN, and/or cellular networks depending on the
network used after initial configuration
• Knowledge of the final networking address requirements in order to configure the ZyWAN
• If using cellular services, a registered cellular data account for this ZyWAN
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Optional Equipment
Several optional components may be used with the ZyWAN, including GPS Receiver and the Wireless LAN
802.11b card. These modules are plugged into internal sockets of the ZyWAN. Cellular and 802.11
antennas must conform to the requirements on page 127 in order to ensure compliance with FCC
regulations.
Additional Documentation
In addition to this manual, there are several Application Notes giving further documentation on specific
subjects relating to the ZyWAN configuration. These can be found on the ZyWAN software CD or upon
request. These Application Notes include:
• ZyWAN Application Note – Modem Diagnostics
• ZyWAN Application Note – Security and System Diagnostics
• ZyWAN Application Note – IPSec Security and PPTP VPN
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Serial Connection to COM1
The COM1 port of the ZyWAN is used for a serial console. Typically, this allows a local administrative (‘root’)
login to the ZyW AN using a null modem serial cable. The next section describes the settings for Windows
HyperTerminal. The settings for this connection are 115,200 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, and no
flow control.
Configuration PC
ZyWAN
RS-232 null modem
serial cable
COM1
Press the Enter key to get a login prompt. The default login is
root and the default password is arcom
(case-sensitive).
RS-232 Null Modem Cable
To connect the ZyWAN to another computer (DTE) device, such as on COM1 for the console diagnostic port,
a null modem serial cable must be used. The pinout for this cable is shown next.
RS-232 Null Modem Cable
PC DB-9
RX 2
TX 3
GND 5
RTS 7
CTS 8
DTR 4
DCD 1
DSR 6
DB-9
2 RX
3 TX
5 GND
7 RTS
8 CTS
4 DTR
1 DCD
6 DSR
optional (loopbacks required if hardware handshaking enabled)
Drg. S15037-03b
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Setting Up Software
Windows HyperTerminal
Windows provides a serial terminal program, HyperTerminal, for serial communications. This can be used to
access the console port of the ZyWAN for diagnostics. The following steps are the setup instructions for
Windows HyperTerminal.
1. In the Windows Start menu, select Programs>Accessories>Communications>HyperTerminal. The
Connection Description window is displayed.
2. Enter a name for this HyperTerminal configuration, as shown next.
3. Set the Connect using option to COM1 or whatever free RS-232 port exists on this PC.
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4. Make the following settings for the serial communication, then click the OK button.
5. If the ZyWAN is already started, press the Enter key to get a login prompt. The default login is
root
and the default password is
arcom (case-sensitive).
SSH Client (PuTTY)
The ZyWAN allows remote console logins using Secure Shell (SSH), which requires SSH client software.
Unencrypted Telnet to the ZyW AN is not an option.
For Linux systems, the ‘ssh’ command is available as an SSH client.
For Windows systems, the PuTTY program is available as a free SSH client. Download and install PuTTY
(choose the Windows installer version) from
http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html
.
Once the PuTTY application is installed on the Windows computer, run the application and enter the IP
address of the ZyWAN. Set the protocol to “SSH” and the port to 22 (unless the port has been changed on
the ZyW AN from its factory default). Click the Open button to connect.
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The first time a connection is made with PuTTY, a security warning is given as PuTTY tries to authenticate
with the ZyWAN. Click Yes to continue, as long as you are sure that this is the correct ZyWAN device. Then
log in with the correct username and password. The default administrative login is
root and the default
password is
arcom (case-sensitive).
SFTP/SCP Client (WinSCP)
There may be occasions when you must upload or download files to/from the ZyWAN. Unencrypted FTP is
not an option. This requires the SFTP or SCP (Secure FTP or Secure Copy) protocol, which use an
encrypted SSH network connection.
For Linux systems, the ‘sftp’ and ‘scp’ commands are available for file transfers to the ZyWAN.
For Windows systems, the WinSCP application is available as a free download for SFTP/SCP file transfers.
This is available from www.winscp.net
. Download and install the latest version of WinSCP from this site.
One option presented during installation is the user interface style. Either style can be used, but it is
recommended to choose the Norton Commander interface that allows display of both the local and remote
directories.
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Run WinSCP after installing it. It may be useful to set the option “Remember last used directory” under the
Environment>Directories menu.
Also, click on the Preferences option, and the Preferences button. It may be useful to set the “Remember
panels’ state when switching sessions” option in the Environment>Panels menu.
In the main window of WinSCP, click on the Session menu. In the “Host name” field, enter the IP address of
the ZyWAN. The username and password can also be entered at this time. Individual session
configurations may be saved, if repeated connections need to be made to the same address. These will
appear in the Stored sessions menu of the WinSCP menu.
Click Login to connect.
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The first time a connection is made with WinSCP, a security warning is given as WinSCP tries to
authenticate with the Z yWAN. Click Yes to continue.
Once connected, WinSCP shows the local directories and files in the left panes. The right panes show the
directories and files on the ZyW AN (using WinSCP’s Norton Commander interface only). If all four panes are
not visible, they can be displayed by choosing the Options>Local Panel>Tree and Options>Remote
Panel>Tree menu options.
You can drag and drop files between the panes or other Windows Explorer windows. Navigate through the
local or remote directory structures in the upper panes, as needed.
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Initial Connection with Single PC
The ZyWAN typically comes factory loaded with default settings, which need to be configured for the network
on which it will ultimately be used. The instructions in the following two sections describe how to set up the
hardware and software necessary to perform this initial configuration.
Note:
Ethernet port ‘0’ is used in this section, which typically comes with standard settings of
address 192.168.1.1, subnet mask 255.255.255.0, and operating as a DHCP server.
In some cases, the ZyWAN may come factory loaded with different settings. The
instructions given here may or may not apply, depending on the customer
configuration.
The simplest way to start the ZyWAN and perform an initial configuration is to use a direct connection to
another computer (PC). To make a direct connection, complete the following steps:
1. Connect the configuration PC using a crossover Ethernet cable.
2. Apply power to the ZyWAN.
3. Set up the PC’s network settings.
4. Configure the ZyW AN via its Web page.
The following sections provide detailed explanations of these actions.
1. Connect the Configuration PC
Connect a crossover Ethernet cable from the network port labeled ‘0’ on the ZyWAN to an Ethernet port on
the PC as shown in the following diagram.
Configuration PC
Crossover Ethernet Cable
ZyWAN
The crossover Ethernet cable may be purchased from Eurotech, or it may be obtained from a network
equipment supplier.
2. Apply Power
Connect the power supply to a wall outlet and to the 4-position power connector on the ZyWAN. See Power
Connector on page 16 for the power input socket pin configuration details.
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3. Set Up the Network
The PC must be set up to obtain its network address from the ZyWAN for this test. After initial configuration
of the ZyWAN, the PC can be changed back to its normal network settings.
To configure the network as mentioned previously, complete the following steps:
1. In the Windows Start menu, select Control Panel>Network Connections. Look at the properties of
the Local Area Connection.
2. Open the properties for the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Select the Obtain an IP address
automatically and Obtain DNS Server address automatically checkboxes as shown in the following
screen capture.
3. Record the existing settings, then make the changes to obtain the IP address and DNS server
automatically.
4. Click OK to close the Local Area Connection properties, and reboot the PC if prompted to do so.
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The PC automatically obtains its address from the ZyWAN. To check the address, complete the following
steps:
1. In the Windows Start menu, select Accessories>Command Prompt. The Command Prompt window
is displayed.
2. Enter the command
ipconfig. Under Local Area Connection, the address is 192.168.1.x, where x is
a number between 2 and 254.
4. Browse ZyWAN Configuration Page
To browse the ZyWAN configuration page, complete the following steps:
1. Open a Web browser and enter the address
http://192.168.1.1 into the address bar.
A dialog box is displayed asking for the username and password.
2. Enter your username and password. The default username is
arcom and default password is arcom.
The ZyWAN configuration page is displayed. See Web Configuration Page on page 40, for further
instructions on configuration.
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Initial Connection Over a Network
An alternate way to start the ZyWAN and to perform an initial configuration is to connect it to an existing
network which also contains the configuration computer (PC).
Note:
Ethernet port ‘1’ is used in this section, which typically comes configured to obtain its
address automatically from a network using DHCP. In some cases, the ZyW AN may
come factory loaded with different user settings. These instructions may or may not
apply, depending on the customer configuration.
To connect the ZyWAN to an existing network which also contains the configuration computer, complete the
following instructions:
1. Connect ZyWAN to an existing Ethernet network and to the PC serial port.
2. Apply power to the ZyWAN.
3. Determine ZyW AN network address.
4. Configure the ZyW AN via its Web page.
The following sections provide detailed explanations of these actions.
1. Connect ZyWAN to the Network
To connect ZyWAN to the network, complete the following steps:
1. Connect the null modem serial cable from the PC to COM1 of the ZyWAN.
2. Connect the ZyW AN network port labeled ‘1’ to an existing network, using a standard 10base-T
Ethernet cable as shown in the following diagram.
Configuration PC
ZyWAN
Network Hub or Switch
RS-232 null modem
serial cable
Note:
The PC must exist on the same network. Consult a network administrator for
assistance, if necessary.
2. Apply Power
Connect the power supply to a wall outlet and to the 4-position power connector on the ZyWAN. See Power
Connector on page 16 for the power input socket pin configuration details.
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3. Determine ZyWAN Network Address (DHCP)
Port 1 on the ZyWAN is typically set to acquire its address automatically using DHCP. Since the address is
dynamically assigned, the ZyWAN address must be determined before it can be configured.
One way to check the Z yWAN network address is to use a crossover (null modem) serial cable between the
PC and the ZyWAN. The null modem cable can be purchased from Eurotech, or it may be obtained from an
electronics supply store.
Tip:
If your network administrator can determine the DHCP assigned address after the
ZyW AN starts up, the serial cable is not needed. Skip to Browse ZyWAN
Configuration Page on page 35.
To determine the ZyWAN network address (DHCP), complete the following steps:
1. Use Windows HyperTerminal to establish communication to the ZyW AN on COM1 at 115,200 baud.
See Windows HyperTerminal on page 25, for help with this step.
2. If the ZyWAN is already started, press the Enter key to get a login prompt. The default login is
root
and the default password is
arcom (case-sensitive).
3. After logging into the ZyW AN, type the command
ifconfig eth1 at the command prompt. The
current network address which has been assigned to the ZyWAN by the network is displayed.
Note:
If the ifconfig command does not show an inet addr address, it may be that the
network does not have a DHCP server or that security policies prohibit the ZyWAN
from obtaining its address. An address can be manually set if necessary by issuing the
following command:
ifconfig eth1 ip_address netmask subnet
where
ip_address is the actual address on the network, and subnet is the subnet
mask in dotted notation (such as 255.255.0.0).
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4. Browse ZyWAN Configuration Page
To browse the ZyWAN configuration page, complete the following steps:
1. Open a Web browser and enter the address of the ZyWAN into the address bar.
A dialog box is displayed asking for the username and password.
2. Enter your username and password. The default username is
arcom and default password is arcom.
The ZyWAN configuration page is displayed. See Web Configuration Page on page 40, for further
instructions on configuration.
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Troubleshooting Connection Problems
If the Web configuration page does not come up with the instructions given in the last two sections, there are
several things which can be done to troubleshoot connection problems.
Unable to Load Web Page
If the Web configuration page fails to load, the following are common reasons why this might happen.
1. Due to network configuration, the computer making the connection may not be able to reach the
ZyW AN. Check connection to the Web page by doing a ping command
(see Ping the ZyWAN, on page 36).
However, if trying to connect over the Internet and cellular connection, a ping may fail because it is
blocked by the cellular network. In this case, try making an SSH connection with the PuTTY
application (see SSH Client (PuTTY) on page 26 for help installing PuTTY), because the SSH
connection should work if a connection can be made to the ZyWAN.
2. Over the Sprint network, it may be that port 80 is blocked. In the Web browser, enter the full HTTPS
address of the ZyWAN (https://ip_address/cgi-bin/php/main.php
), which may work instead to load the
Web page.
Ping the ZyWAN
To ping the ZyWAN, complete the following steps:
1. In the Windows Start menu, select Accessories>Command Prompt. The Command Prompt window
is displayed.
2. Type the command:
ping address
where address is the numeric address of the ZyW AN.
A diagnostic message is sent to the Z yWAN to check communication. If successful, the Ping response
receives the following reply.
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Check the PC’s Network Configuration
To check the PC’s network configuration, type the command ipconfig /all in the Command Prompt
window. The network interface of the PC is displayed.
If using the ZyWAN as a DHCP Server to the PC:
• Make sure the PC Dhcp Enabled is set to Yes.
• Make sure that the PC has been given a proper address from the ZyWAN, according to how it’s
configured.
If using the PC in a fixed address mode, check the address and make sure that it is compatible with the
address and subnet necessary to communicate on the network or direct to the ZyW AN, depending on the
test being performed.
If the ZyWAN is acting as a DHCP Server to the PC and is configured to serve the DNS addresses, these
are displayed in the
ipconfig settings.
Using ZyWAN COM1 for Diagnostics
When using a null modem serial cable connected to COM1, as described in Initial Connection Over a
Network on page 33, several commands can be issued to the ZyWAN to diagnose network configuration or
operation.
To check network configuration or availability, use the command
ifconfig
To set a temporary network address on an interface, use the command:
ifconfig eth1 ip_address netmask subnet
where ip_address is the actual address on the network, and subnet is the subnet mask in dotted
notation (such as 255.255.0.0).
To send a diagnostic message to another device on a network, use the command:
ping address
where address is the numeric or named address of another device. Press Ctrl-C to stop the ping.
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To check the route table of the ZyW AN, use the command:
route –n
To make a TCP/IP connection to a port on a device, use the command
nc ip_address ip_port
where ip_address is the device address on the network or 127.0.0.1 for the ZyWAN itself, and ip_port
is the network port.
Check with Network Administrator
If you are still unable to get the Z yWAN to connect to an existing network, check with a network administrator
for additional support.
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PART 2: SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION
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Chapter 1 Web Configuration Page
Web Page Login
Configuration of the Z yWAN is done using a Web browser, either Mozilla Firefox or Internet Explorer. Other
Web browsers have not been tested and may not be fully compatible with the ZyWAN configuration Web
page. This section gives detailed explanations of each configuration parameter. Some typical configuration
examples are given later in this manual (page 113).
Make sure the ZyWAN is connected to the network. To log on to a web page, complete the following steps:
1. Enter the appropriate address preceded by ‘http://’. If the Z yWAN has never been configured, see
Initial Connection with Single PC on page 30 or Initial Connection Over a Network on page 33. For
instance, typically the default Web address on Ethernet port 0 is http://192.168.1.1.
If the ZyWAN has been previously configured for a different network configuration, its current
numeric IP address should be used. The Web configuration page may be accessed via any
available network (cellular, WiFi, Ethernet), unless Web access for that network interface has been
disabled.
2. By default, the ZyWAN uses HTTPS for secure transfer of configuration data. The browser will
display a warning about the certificate. In Internet Explorer, click on the message “Continue to this
website”.
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In Mozilla Firefox version 2, select one of the “Accept this certificate” checkboxes, and then click OK.
In Mozilla Firefox version 3, click “Or you can add an exception...”, and then click Add Exception.
In the following dialog box, click Get Certificate and Confirm Security Exception.
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3. Enter your login details when prompted. The default username is arcom and default password is
arcom.
After logging in, the configuration page is displayed, as show in the following screen capture.
The tabs across the top (Cellular, Ethernet, etc.) identify each section or page of the configuration. The
current settings for any page are read from the ZyWAN whenever a tab is clicked. Clicking on the tab of a
page that is currently displayed reloads the existing configuration.
Switching Between HTTP and HTTPS
By default, the ZyWAN uses Secure HTTP (HTTPS) for displaying its Web pages. This uses network IP port
443 and encrypts the data transferred between the computer and the ZyWAN. This can be switched to
standard HTTP (unencrypted, IP port 80) by clicking on the link at the top, “Switch to HTTP mode (less
secure, but faster)”. The address URL changes to http://ip_address/cgi-bin/php/main2.php
.
Switch back to HTTPS by clicking on the link “Switch to HTTPS mode (more secure, but slower)”. The
address URL will change back to http://ip_address/cgi-bin/php/main.php
.
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Clearing the Browser Cache
Note:
Web browsers (Internet Explorer, Firefox) can store cached copies of downloaded Web
pages. If unexpected results occur in displaying the Web configuration, it may be due
to the browser caching a copy of the files that control the Web interface. To correct
this error, delete Temporary Internet Files, close all instances of the Web browser, and
then re-open the ZyWAN Web page. The following section describes this procedure.
To clear the browser cache in Mozilla Firefox, select Tools>Clear Private Data. Make sure the “Cache” box
is checked, and then click the Clear Private Data Now button.
To clear the browser cache in Internet Explorer version 7, select Tools>Internet Options, and then click the
Delete… button under “Browsing history”. Click the Delete files… button to clear temporary Internet files.
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To clear the browser cache in Internet Explorer version 6, select Tools>Internet Options, and then click the
Delete Files…button.
Changing a Configuration
The following sections describe the configuration details for each Web page. To make changes on any page
of the configuration, complete the following steps:
1. Enter the changes you want to make, and then click the Submit New Configuration button.
Changes must be submitted, or they will be lost. One of the following error messages will be
displayed before closing the browser, moving to another page, or clicking on another tab without
submitting changes.
2. Click on any tab or close the browser. The names and values of the properties are displayed in a
box with the heading New Settings.
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By submitting the configuration, the values of all properties on the displayed page only are stored in a
properties file in permanent memory of the ZyWAN.
3. If there are more changes to be made on a different page of the configuration, click the Make More
Changes button. The Cellular tab is displayed again so that another page may be selected and
modified.
Important:
If the ZyWAN is not rebooted after all changes have been made, some settings will not
take effect until the next reboot.
4. After all changes have been made, click the Reboot with New Settings button after submitting
changes on any page. The Z yWAN then reboots so that the changes can take effect. The ZyW AN
shuts down and restarts, which may take over a minute. The Web page automatically attempts to
reload at the same IP address after 90 seconds.
Tip:
Even if no new changes have been made, the ZyW AN may be rebooted via the Web
page by clicking the Submit New Configuration button on any page, then clicking the
Reboot with New Settings button.
Using Default Gateway, DHCP, and DNS
The ZyWAN provides two Ethernet (eth0, eth1), WiFi (wlan0), and cellular (ppp0) interfaces. Each of these
interfaces can potentially have a Default Gateway address, DHCP, and DNS server addresses. One of
these interfaces will be made the default route to reach addresses not otherwise available on its local
networks.
Configuration Options
The Ethernet interfaces can be configured to be a DHCP client on an existing network (the Use Dhcp? option
set to Yes). The WiFi interface can be configured in similar manner (in “managed mode”). In this case, it is
likely that the ZyWAN will obtain a Default Gateway and DNS server from the network to which it is attached.
Static IP addresses may also be configured. This allows the Ethernet or WiFi to be configured with a Default
Gateway and two DNS Server addresses for the interface. These items may be left blank if there is no
server available or if it does not make sense to include them in the configuration.
When configured with a static IP address, the Ethernet interface may be configured to Run a DHCP Server.
This will allow the Z yWAN to deliver an IP address to other devices on the network. When operating in this
mode, there is also an option to Pass DNS servers to DHCP clients. The WiFi interface in “master” or
“ad-hoc” modes provides these same options to wireless clients.
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Default Route
The ZyWAN will make one of its interfaces the default route based on the configuration and the availability of
each network. The order of preference for the default route is:
• Ethernet 0 (eth0)
• Ethernet 1 (eth1)
• WiFi (wlan0)
• Cellular (ppp0)
The first interface which has a Default Gateway (static configuration in Web page, or dynamically obtained
with DHCP) will be the one used for the ZyW AN’s default gateway. If the network cable is unplugged or the
WiFi becomes unavailable, the list of interfaces is checked again, and the first available interface will be
selected dynamically as the default route, in order of preference.
This means, for instance, that if an application requires the cellular
network to be the default gateway for
network traffic, any
static Default Gateway (in the ZyWAN Web configuration) or gateway obtained from
DHCP will interfere with the intended operation.
DHCP Server and NAT
If either the Ethernet or WiFi (master or ad-hoc mode) is running a DHCP server, then the ZyW AN will reply
to any device on the network that asks for an IP address using DHCP protocol. The ZyW AN will give the
device an address in accordance with the list of addresses specified in the ZyW AN Web configuration. The
device will be supplied the ZyW AN’s network address as its Default Gateway.
The ZyWAN is able to act as a gateway, but in order to route traffic from one interface to another, there must
also be a NAT entry configured on the Networking page to route from the source network to the destination
network. The “Open Ports” section on the Networking page must include UDP port 67 to allow DHCP traffic
to the ZyW AN.
DNS Server
As a DHCP Server, the ZyWAN may also be configured to pass DNS server addresses to other devices, so
they can resolve named addresses (URL or FQDN). When this happens, the ZyWAN will provide its own IP
address as the DNS server. The Z yW AN acts as a DNS proxy, so that any DNS requests from the client
device are passed to the one of the DNS servers known to the Z yWAN, and the resulting IP address is
returned to the client device.
In order to resolve DNS addresses, the ZyW AN needs to have a list of known DNS server(s). It obtains the
list of these servers in the same way as it obtains its default route. The ZyWAN checks its interfaces in the
preferred order: eth0, eth1, wlan0, and ppp0. The first active interface which contains one or more DNS
servers (static address configured via the Web page, or obtained by the Z yWAN using DHCP) is used. This
list of address(es) is used by the DNS proxy. If the Ethernet cable is unplugged or the WiFi becomes
unavailable, the list of interfaces is checked again, and the first available interface will be selected
dynamically as the location for DNS servers, in order of preference.
The “Open Ports” section on the Networking page must include UDP port 53, to allow DNS requests to the
ZyW AN.
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Chapter 2 System Status
The following diagram shows the Status tab.
Status Web Page
The Status tab includes several items which give the current status and hardware configuration. The
hardware configuration is done in factory configuration and is provided here for information.
The following table lists the fields and options offered on the Status tab.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Full Hardware Model
The Full Hardware Model gives the model number of the ZyWAN,
based on the types of options that were included from the factory. See
ZyW AN Model Numbers on page 10, for information on the ZyW AN
model numbers based on hardware configuration.
Current software version
The Current software version gives the current installed version of
ZyW AN software.
Hardware Model
The Hardware Model gives the type of cellular modem installed.
Options are indicated as: gprs, 3G, iden, and evdo.
EVDO Provider
Since the EvDO cellular provider has to be specified with the modem
provided with the Z yWAN, this is set as part of the factory
configuration (applies only to ZyW AN-EVDO models). Possible
options for EvDO provider are: Sprint, Verizon, Bell Mobility, and
Telus.
EVDO Modem Module
The EVDO Modem Module gives the type of modem model used for
EVDO (MC5720, MC5725, MC5727, E725).
GPS
This option indicates whether or not GPS hardware is installed.
802.11B
This option indicates whether or not an 802.11b WiFi module is
installed.
Last COM Port
This option indicates what is the last available COM port on the
ZyW AN, which is used in all other configuration menus where a
selection of COM ports is allowed. Typically this is COM3.
COM3 Type
The COM3 port may be factory configured to be either RS-232 or
RS-485/422. Options are indicated as: RS-232 or RS-485.
Get Modem Status
Click the arrow icon next to Get Modem Status to open a window
which gives status information on the cellular modem. See the next
section for details on the contents of the status pages.
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Get Modem Status
Click the arrow on the Status page to get modem and communication diagnostics for the cellular
module. Before doing this action, the cellular configuration needs to be set, as described in Cellular
Configuration on page 61.
EVDO Status
Click the Version Information link to show version details on the EVDO cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Version Information
Firmware Version
Firmware version in cellular module
Firmware Date
Date of firmware version in cellular module
PRL Version
Version of the PRL (Preferred Roaming List) stored in the cellular
module
Click the Modem Information link to show modem settings for the EVDO cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Modem Information
ESN
ESN (electronic serial number) of cellular module
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Click the Account Information link to show account details for the EVDO cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Account Information
Active NAM
Selected profile, NAM0 or NAM1 (MC5725 only)
IP Address
Public IP address assigned by the cellular network
Activation Status
Status of whether the account is activated or not
Activation Date
Date that the cellular module was provisioned and activated on the
network
Phone Number
Telephone number of the cellular module
MDN
MDN (Mobile Directory Number) of the cellular module
MIN
MIN (Mobile Station Identification Number) of the cellular module
Click the Operational Status Information link to show current operational details, such as the EVDO cellular
signal strength.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Operational Status Information
Signal Strength
Received signal strength (RSSI), in dBm
Channel Number
Current 1xRTT active channel number or zero if digital service is not
available
Channel State
Current 1xRTT channel acquisition state with possible states of
acquired, not acquired, and scanning for channel
Current Band Class
Current tuning band of the modem (cellular or PCS)
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Click the System Diagnostic Information link to show diagnostic data for the EVDO cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
System Diagnostic Information
Bytes Sent
Total number of bytes sent while a data call is active
(The Sent and Received counters are reset after the call ends.)
Bytes Received
Total number of bytes received while a data call is active
Connection State
Click the Network Information link to show information about the EVDO cellular network.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Network Information
Service Indication
Which type of service is currently available to the modem
(No service, Digital CDMA, or GPS service)
Roaming Status
Status of whether roaming is available
(Not roaming, Roaming with guaranteed SIDs, Roaming without
guaranteed SIDs)
System ID
Current system identifier (SID) of the network providing service
Network ID
Current network identifier (NID) of the station providing service
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3G Status
Click the Version Information link to show version details on the 3G cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Version Information
Hardware Version
Hardware version of cellular module
Firmware Version
Firmware version in cellular module
Firmware Date / Time
Date of firmware version in cellular module
Click the Modem Information link to show modem settings for the 3G cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Modem Information
Model
Hardware model of cellular module
Manufacturer
Manufacturer of cellular module
Supported System Mode
System modem (GSM or WCDMA) supported by module
Network acquisition Order
Order of acquiring GSM or WCDMA networks (or automatic)
Roaming Support
Whether roaming is supported in cellular module
Service Domain Support
Circuit or packet-switched domain support, or both
Allowed Frequency Bands
Frequency bands supported by cellular module
Supported Network Technologies
Network technologies supported by cellular module
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Click the Account Information link to show account details for the 3G cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Account Information
(U)SIM card’s ICCID
Integrated Circuit Card ID of the installed SIM card
(U)Sim Card’s IP
IP address obtained on cellular network
Click the Operational Status Information link to show current operational details, such as the 3G cellular
signal strength.
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FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Operational Status Information
RX Level
Received cellular signal level (dBm)
PS State
State of packet-switch (data) connection to cellular network
Current Frequency Band
Frequency band currently in use
Current Network Technology
Network technology currently used by cellular module
Time
Current time, in seconds from power-up of the cellular module
Temperature
Approximate temperature, in degrees C
Mode
Current mode of the cellular module operation
System Mode
Current system mode acquired by cellular module
WCDMA Band / Channel
Current WCDMA band and channel number being accessed
GSM Band / Channel
Current GSM band and channel number being accessed
GMM State / Sub-state
Current GMM state
MM State / Sub-state
Current MM state
WCDMA L1 State
Current WCDMA L1 state, if in CDMA mode
RRC State
Current WCDMA RRC state, if in CDMA mode
Serving Cell
Serving cell, if in GSM/GPRS mode
GPRS State
Current GPRS state, if in GSM/GPRS mode
Click the Network Information link to show information about the 3G cellular network.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Network Information
Service Status
Service availability
(Service, No service, Limited service, Limited regional service)
Service Domain
Current service domain (circuit or packet switched, or both)
Roaming Status
Roaming status indicator
System Mode
Current system mode
(No service, GSM/GPRS mode, WCDMA mode)
SIM Status
Availability of SIM card
Available Network Technologies
Technologies available on current network
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IDEN Status
Click the Version Information link to show version details on the IDEN cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Version Information
Codeplug/Bandmap Version
Codeplug and bandmap version loaded in iO270 cellular module, in
the format AA.BB/CC.DD, where AA.BB is the codeplug revision, and
CC.DD is the bandmap revision
CSD Version
CSD version, in the format EE.FF.GG, where EE is the bandmap
version (type), FF is the structure version, and GG is the data version
USR Version
USR version, in the format HHc.JJ.KK, where HH is product identifier,
c is sub ID, JJ is carrier ID, and KK is USR file version number
Software Version
iO270 software version, in the format cLL.MM.NN, where c is the load
type, LL is the product identifier, and MM.NN is the revision
Software Date
Release date of Software Version
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Click the Modem Information link to show modem settings for the IDEN cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Modem Information
ESN
ESN (electronic serial number) of iO270 cellular module
IMEI
IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identifier) of the cellular module
Phone Model
Model name of the cellular module
NAT Settings
NAT settings in the iO270 cellular module cause outgoing packets to
change their source port. This setting allows some packets to retain
their original source port, using the specified protocol (TCP,UDP).
Firewall Settings
The iO270 cellular module provides a network firewall for incoming
connections. Any port to which a connection must be made from the
cellular network must have a port opened in the firewall, for a specified
protocol (TCP, UDP). The ZyWAN opens ports 443, 80, and 22 (TCP)
by default, plus any ports which are listed in the Networking page of its
configuration (see page 81).
Click the Account Information link to show account details for the IDEN cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Account Information
SIM ID
SIM card number
IP Address
IP address, if the cellular module is able to connect to the network
Direct Connect ID
Direct Connect ID (Push-to-Talk number) programmed in the SIM card
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Click the Operational Status Information link to show current operational details, such as the IDEN cellular
signal strength.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Operational Status Information
Signal Strength, RSSI
Received signal strength of IDEN signal, in dBm
CSQ
IDEN cellular signal quality indication (SQE, higher number is better)
Registration Status
Status whether the cellular module is registered on the cellular
network
GSM RSSI
Received signal strength of GSM carrier, 0-31 (31 is best)
Click the Network Information link to show information about the IDEN cellular network.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Network Information
Frequency
Current frequency (in Hz) and frequency band to which the iO270
cellular module is connected
Bandmap
Bandmap information being used by the iO270
Band Info
Primary and secondary bands in use in the iO270
WDS Channel
Channel number of wireless data system (WDS)
Primary DNS IP
Secondary DNS IP
Addresses of DNS server provided by the cellular network
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Click the System Diagnostic Information link to show diagnostic data for the IDEN cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
System Diagnostic Information
Usage
The total sum of minutes used for dispatch, interconnect and circuit
data calls on an iDEN network
Registration Log –
Dispatch, Interconnect,
Packet Data, Mobile IP, &
Phone Restricted
Registration log of various services in the iO270 cellular module
(These are normally only of value in cases of rare problems in cellular
registration, where these numbers can be reported to the cellular
provider for diagnostics.)
GPRS Status
Click the Version Information link to show version details on the GPRS cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Version Information
DCE Hardware Version
Hardware version of the cellular module
Software Revision
Software revision of the cellular module
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Click the Modem Information link to show modem settings for the GPRS cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Modem Information
ESN
ESN (electronic serial number) of the cellular module
IMEI
IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identifier) of the cellular module
Phone Model
Model name of the cellular module
Phone Manufacturer
Manufacturer of the cellular module
Click the Account Information link to show account details for the GPRS cellular module.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Account Information
SIM ID
SIM card number
IP Address
IP address, if the cellular module is able to connect to the network
Subscriber#
Telephone number associated with the SIM card, if available
IMSI
IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) of the cellular module
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Click the Operational Status Information link to show current operational details, such as the GPRS cellular
signal strength.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Operational Status Information
Signal Strength, RSSI
Received signal strength, in dBm, calculated from CSQ value
CSQ, BER
CSQ is an indication of GSM received signal strength, 0-31 (31 is
best). BER is the channel bit error rate, 0-7 (0 is best).
GSM Registration Status
Registration status on cellular network
Options are:
Not registered, not searching
Registered, home network
Not registered, but searching for operator to register with
Registration denied
Not detailed
Registered, roaming
GPRS Registration Status
Registration status on GPRS data network
Options are:
Not registered, not searching
Registered, home network
Not registered, but searching for operator to register with
Registration denied
Unknown
Registered, roaming
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Click the Network Information link to show information about the GPRS cellular network.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Network Information
Service Data Rate
Data rate of the bearer service, used when data calls are originated or
received
GPRS Mobile Station Class
Normally should be Class ‘B’
Other options include:
CG – Class C in GPRS only mode
CC – Class C in circuit switched mode only
Band Info
Current frequency band used in operation
Options are:
GSM & EGSM (900)
GSM 1800
Dual-band 900/1800
PCS 1900
GSM 850
Dual-band 1900/850
Tri-band (900/1800/1900)
Tri-band (850/1800/1900)
Quad-band (850/900/1800/1900)
DNS Server Address1
DNS Server Address2
Addresses of DNS server provided by the cellular network
Account Provider
Service provider name stored in SIM, if available
Service Providers
Current GSM network service provider (Note: This does not show all
available providers, only the provider currently being used).
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Chapter 3 Cellular Configuration
The Cellular properties, and therefore the ZyWAN base model, are determined by what model of cellular
modem is installed. This is configured at the factory. See System Status on page 47 to find out the ZyWAN
model. The options for ZyWAN model and cellular modem are listed in the following table.
ZyW AN BASE MODEL
CELLULAR MODEM
ZyW AN-EvDO
Sierra Wireless MC5725, MC5727, or Novatel E725
ZyW AN-3G
Sierra Wireless MC8775
ZyW AN-IDEN
Motorola iO270
ZyW AN-GPRS
Wavecom GR64
On the Cellular tab, the items must be configured in order to enable the cellular data connection. After
setting all the Cellular properties, click the Submit New Configuration button before switching to a new tab
or closing the window. The available options are different depending on the ZyW AN model.
ZyWAN-EVDO Options
The following screen capture shows the Cellular tab on the Z yWAN-EVDO.
The following options may be configured to set up EVDO cellular network.
OPTION
EXPLANATION
Obtain DNS from Service Provider?
Normally, the cellular provider supplies one or more
addresses of a DNS server to use while connected to the
carrier, so this option should be set to Yes. If there is a case
where the DNS server needs to be explicitly specified
instead, set this to No and enter numeric IP addresses in the
Preferred and (optional) Alternate DNS Server fields.
Activate EVDO Modem?
If the modem has not been activated on the cellular carrier’s
network, click Yes and continue with the activation
instructions described next. Normally, this should have to be
done only once.
EvDO modem modules contain the account activation information stored in the modem rather than a
removable SIM card. Generally this is the responsibility of the customer to activate a module to put it into
service. These operations can be done via the ZyW AN Web configuration page. The account activation
process is different, depending on which modem module is installed. The modem installed in the ZyW AN
can be seen by displaying the Status page. See System Status on page 47 for additional details.
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Modem Activation of MC5727
Activate the EvDO account using the following steps:
1. To provision the account on the network, click the IOTA/OMA-DM Provision button. This must be
done in an EvDO coverage area in the service provider’s network area. IOTA stands for the ‘Internet
Over-the-Air’ protocol, used for the MC5725. OMA-DM stands for ‘Open Mobile Alliance – Device
Management’, used for the MC5727.
2. On the Sprint network, this should be all that is necessary to activate because the account settings
will be automatically obtained from the cellular provider. It is possible that on other networks the
account information needs to be manually written into the modem before doing the provisioning. If
this is the case, follow the instructions for the MC5725 modem (note, the MC5727 only has one NAM
account available).
3. After doing the IOTA/OMA-DM provisioning, the ZyWAN will automatically reboot.
Modem Activation of MC5725
Activate the EvDO account using the following steps:
1. Obtain the activation code (Master Subsidy Lock) and other NAM profile account information for a
data account on an EvDO network. The network service provider provides this information.
2. Configure the modem module with the NAM profile information. On the ZyWAN, this is done by
filling in the correct fields and clicking the Set NAM Profile button.
3. Provision the account profile to be active on the network, by clicking the IOTA/OMA-DM Provision
button. This must be done in an EvDO coverage area in the service provider’s network area.
4. After both setting the NAM profile and after the IOTA provisioning, the ZyWAN will automatically
reboot. If doing both, allow time for the reboot after Set NAM Profile before doing the IOTA Provision
option.
Important:
The EVDO network provider must be specified at the time of order so that the correct
modem can be installed from the factory, so this is not given as a user configuration
option. The service provider can be viewed on the Status page, see System Status on
page 47 for more information.
The following table gives some information which may help with activation on several EVDO networks.
These should be considered recommended settings in the absence of specific information from the cellular
carrier. In the event that any problem is experienced in using these settings, contact the cellular carrier to
verify this information. The items marked “provided” must be provided by the carrier for each modem.
Provider
MDN, MTN
MIN,MSID
SID
NID
MSL,OTSL, SPC
IOTA Provisioning
Sprint
provided
provided
0
65535
provided
as described next
Bell Mobility
same as MIN
provided
4139
41
provided
N/A - Not required
Verizon
provided
provided
41
65535
000000
as described next
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Activate EVDO Modem?
Activation of an EvDO module may require information to be input by the user, as described previously.
After selecting Yes to Activate EVDO Modem?, the following prompt is displayed.
The activation process or changing of accounts on the module interrupts any existing cellular connection, if
currently active.
The following screen capture shows the Cellular tab if the Sierra Wireless MC5727 module is installed.
The following screen capture shows the Cellular tab if the MC5725 is installed.
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The following screen capture shows the Cellular tab if the Novatel E725 is installed.
The following table lists the fields and options offered on the Cellular tab. See the previous table for
information related to activation with specific cellular carriers.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
NAM 0, NAM 1
(MC5725 only) Select the profile by clicking the toggle button
next to either NAM 0 or NAM 1. The NAM 0 and NAM 1 profile
information allow two different accounts to exist on the same
modem module. Some modems may only contain one set of
profile information. If both profiles are activated, either may be
provisioned for use in the cellular operation. Only one profile
may be provisioned at any given time. The four fields for either
profile may be cleared by clicking the Clear button to the right of
the row. The MC5727 only has one NAM profile.
MDN, MTN
Enter the Mobile Directory Number (or Mobile Telephone
Number) of the cellular module.
MIN, MSID
Enter the Mobile Station Identification Number of the cellular
module.
System ID
(MC5725 only) Enter the System ID (SID). Some carriers do not
require specific information for this field.
Network ID
(MC5725 only) Enter the Network ID (NID). Some carriers do
not require specific information for this field.
MSL, OTSL, SPC
The Master Subsidy Lock (or One Time Subsidy Lock, or
Service Programming Code) is a password for the activation of
NAM profiles and is supplied by the network provider. This
needs to be entered before a NAM profile may be activated.
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The following table lists the available buttons.
BUTTON
EXPLANATION
Get NAM Profiles
Clicking this button reads from the module any existing account profiles
in the modem. This reads the MDN, MSID, System ID, and Network ID
and fills the NAM 0 and/or NAM 1 entries on the Web page with this data.
Otherwise, these values (supplied by the network provider) may also be
entered by hand into those fields.
The normal response from this action should begin with HTTP Reply
Status - 200 and contain additional lines with the MDN and other profile
information as follows:
(MC5727 response)
HTTP Reply Status – 200
MC5727:
---> at
OK
<NAM-0>
---> at~namval?0
MDN: 8016519710
MIN: 8019183951
SID: 4139
NID: 65535
OK
</NAM-0>
(MC5725 response)
HTTP Reply Status – 200
<NAM-0>
MDN: 9135299437
MDN: 9852534784
SID: 0
NID: 65535
OK
</NAM-0>
<NAM-1>
MDN: 8585551515
MDN: 0000006951
SID: 0
NID: 65535
OK
</NAM-1>
If the word ERROR is displayed here, another attempt may be made to
request the NAM profiles.
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(E725 response)
HTTP Reply Status – 200
E725:
---> at
NO CARRIER
---> at
OK
---> at$nwactivation?
$NWACTIVATION: 8018337159, 8019539892
OK
------- IOTA STATUS -------
---> at+iota?
Iota Enabled
In Progress: 0
Repeat Test OK: 0
Repeat Test Failed: 0
Retry Command: 0
Current State: 1
Network Down
Server Disconnected
Retry: 0
Global State: 0
Number Get: 0
Number Post: 0
HTTP Status: 0
Proxy Not Trusted
OK
If the word ERROR is displayed here, another attempt may be made to
request the NAM profiles. Note the “In Progress” value set to 0. If an
IOTA Provisioning has been requested, this value may go to 1 for a
period of time until it finishes and returns to 0.
Set NAM Profile
This button sets the information for a modem account profile (MC5725,
and possibly MC5727, only). After the Master Subsidy Lock and all the
data for the modem profile are entered, click the Set NAM Profile button
to activate the profile. After a few seconds, status information is
displayed in the large text area.
The normal response from this action should begin with HTTP Reply
Status - 200 as follows:
(MC5725 response)
HTTP Reply Status – 200
at~namlck=468691
OK
at~namval=0,9135299437,9852534784,0,65535
OK
at!reset
OK
NAM Profile is set. Please allow a few seconds for the modem
to reset.
Wait at least 5-10 seconds before moving on to the next step. If the word
ERROR is displayed here, another attempt may be made to set the NAM
profile.
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(E725 response)
HTTP Reply Status - 200
---> at
NO CARRIER
---> at
OK
---> at$nwactivation=940038,8018337159,8019539892
OK
Wait at least 5-10 seconds before moving on to the next step. If the word
ERROR is displayed here, another attempt may be made to set the NAM
profile.
IOTA/OMA-DM
Provision
After one or both NAM profiles has been activated, select the button for
NAM 0 or NAM 1, and then click the IOTA/OMA-DM Provision button.
This provisions the profile by connecting to the cellular network using this
account.
Note:
The provisioning process requires an active cellular
connection to the service provider and may not be able to
be done in a roaming area. Make sure that a cellular
antenna is connected to the ZyWAN and that the ZyWAN
is located in an area where EvDO/CDMA service for the
service provider is available.
Status information is displayed in the large text area. This may take
several minutes for a response, possibly up to six minutes. The following
message is displayed:
Waiting for reply (this may take a few minutes to complete)
The normal response from this action should look something like the
following and end with the sentence IOTA session completed
successfully! Scroll to the bottom of the received text response to
validate that this message is given. The message should look something
like one of the following:
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(MC5727 response)
2963] HTTP: finished reading data: 237 bytes
2963] HTTP: Session(3) request tid=6 completed
2963] SSL session 0x12c5180 closed with status 0
2963] SSL session 0x12c5180 deleted
2964] Socket 684 closed
2964] HTTP: Disconnect request succeeded, SID=3
2968] HTTP: Shutdown
2970] Network closed
2970] Committing MIP Profile1 data...
2970] Committing NAM...
2970] Committing MDN...
2970] New NAM/MDN/PRL data activated
2970] MIP Profile 1 was provisioned - Setting active MIP
profile to 1
2970] DM session completed successfully (type=1 initiator=0)
OK
Please wait for ZyWAN unit to restart ...
If this success message is not displayed here, another attempt may be
made to provision the account. If necessary, the entire response text
from the text area can be copied and pasted, in order to request
troubleshooting assistance from the service provider.
(MC5725 response)
<mmc mmcID=”126”
status-uri=””>
<method
id=”1”
name=”disconnect”
reportstatus=”false”
</mmc>
140> MMC session disconnected, session id=”126”
140> Resetting IOTA session, end status=0
140> HTTP: Shutdown
140> SSL session fff7f4 closed with status 0
140> SSL session fff7f4 deleted
141> Socket 275 closed
142> PPP closed
142> Netlib closed (app_id=101)
142> MIP Profile 1 was provisioned – Set active MIP profile
to 1
142> IOTA session completed successfully! Client initiated=1
OK
If this success message is not displayed here, another attempt may be
made to provision the account. If necessary, the entire response text
from the text area can be copied and pasted, in order to request
troubleshooting assistance from the service provider.
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(E725 response)
Status information is displayed in the large text area. The following
message is displayed:
Waiting for reply (this may take a few minutes to complete)…
The normal response from this action should look something like the
following:
HTTP Reply Status - 200
---> at
NO CARRIER
---> at
OK
---> at+iota=2
OK
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!! Please wait for IOTA session to complete the work. !!!
!!! Use 'Get NAM Profiles' option to verify IOTA status. !!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
------- IOTA STATUS -------
---> at+iota?
Iota Enabled
In Progress: 1
Repeat Test OK: 0
Repeat Test Failed: 0
Retry Command: 1
Current State: 1
Network Up
Server Connected
Retry: 1
Global State: 400
Number Get: 1
Number Post: 0
HTTP Status: 0
Proxy Not Trusted
OK
This response will be returned from the E725 before the provisioning
process is complete. This will be indicated by the “In Progress: 1”
message (above). Wait a short period of time, then click Get NAM
Profiles again – the provisioning attempt is completed when the
response contains “In Progress: 0”.
If this success message is not displayed here, another attempt may be
made to provision the account. If necessary, the entire response text
from the text area can be copied and pasted, in order to request
troubleshooting assistance from the service provider.
Clear Status Area
Clicking the Clear Status Area button clears any previous status
information in the text area.
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ZyWAN-3G Options
The following screen capture shows the Cellular tab on the Z yWAN-3G.
The following options may be configured to set up the 3G cellular network.
OPTION
EXPLANATION
Obtain DNS from
Service Provider?
Normally, the cellular provider supplies one or more addresses
of a DNS server to use while connected to the carrier. So this
option should be set to Yes. If there is a case where the DNS
server needs to be explicitly specified instead, set this to No and
enter numeric IP addresses in the Preferred and (optional)
Alternate DNS Server fields.
Choose Your Network
Provider
Choosing an option determines the network settings which are
used to connect to the cellular data network. Options are:
-Disabled-, AT&T, O2, Orange, T-Mobile, and Custom.
Select Frequency Band
Allows a specific 3G frequency band to be selected. This option
is only available for network providers AT&T and T-Mobile.
Frequency Band
If Select Frequency Band is set to Yes, choose a cellular
frequency band to operate on. Options are: All bands, WCDMA
2100, GSM 900/1800, GSM ALL, WCDMA ALL. If All Bands is
selected, the modem will try all available bands when it attempts
to register on the network. It may be more efficient to narrow
the band or group of bands (such as GSM All, or WCDMA All) in
the configuration, if this is known for the network being used.
Certain default settings are used for connecting to accounts when selecting specific providers. This
information is listed in the following table for the various carriers. If any other settings are required, use the
Custom option instead.
PROVIDER
DEFAULT SETTINGS
AT&T
APN: isp.cingular
Dial String: atd*99***1#
Authentication: PAP
Username: ISP@CINGULARGPRS.COM
Password: CINGULAR1
O2
APN: mobile.o2.co.uk
Dial String: atd*99***1#
Authentication: PAP
Username: mobileweb
Password:password
(default, can be changed in
/etc/ppp/pap-secrets
file)
Orange
APN: orangeinternet
Dial String: atd*99***1#
Authentication: PAP
Username: user
Password: pass
(default, can be changed in /etc/ppp/pap-secrets file)
T-Mobile
APN: wap.voicestream.com
Dial String: atd*99***1#
Authentication: (none)
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If Custom is chosen as the network provider for ZyW AN-3G, the following screen capture lists the fields and
options that are available.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
APN
Enter the APN (Access Point Name) of the cellular provider’s
data connection. This is supplied by the cellular provider.
Dial String
Enter the AT command dial string which is dialed for connection
to the cellular provider’s APN.
Auth Type
Enter the Authentication type used by the cellular provider.
Available types are: None, Pap, and Chap.
Frequency Band
If Select Frequency Band is set to Yes, choose a cellular
frequency band to operate on. Options are: All bands, WCDMA
2100, GSM 900/1800, GSM ALL, WCDMA ALL. If All Bands is
selected, the modem will try all available bands when it attempts
to register on the network. It may be more efficient to narrow
the band or group of bands (such as GSM All, or WCDMA All) in
the configuration, if this is known for the network being used.
If the Auth Type is set to Pap or Chap, the following fields are available.
FIELD
EXPLANATION
Username
Enter the username required to log on to the APN of the cellular
provider.
Password
Enter the password required to log on to the APN of the cellular
provider.
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ZyWAN-IDEN Options
The following screen capture shows the Cellular tab on the Z yWAN-IDEN.
The following table lists the items that are available.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Obtain DNS from
Service Provider?
Normally, the cellular provider supplies one or more addresses
of a DNS server to use while connected to the carrier, so this
option should be set to Yes. If there is a case where the DNS
server needs to be explicitly specified instead, set this to No and
enter numeric IP addresses in the Preferred and (optional)
Alternate DNS Server fields.
Choose Your Network
Provider
Choosing an option determines the network settings which are
used to connect to the cellular data network. Options are:
-Disabled-, Nextel, and Southern Linc. For other private IDEN
carriers, use the Nextel option.
ZyWAN-GPRS Options
The following screen capture shows the Cellular tab on the Z yWAN-GPRS.
The following options may be configured to set up the GPRS cellular network.
OPTION
EXPLANATION
Obtain DNS from
Service Provider?
Normally, the cellular provider supplies one or more addresses
of a DNS server to use while connected to the carrier, so this
option should be set to Yes. If there is a case where the DNS
server needs to be explicitly specified instead, set this to No and
enter numeric IP addresses in the Preferred and (optional)
Alternate DNS Server fields.
Choose Your Network
Provider
Choosing an option determines the network settings which are
used to connect to the cellular data network. Options are:
-Disabled-, AT&T, O2, Orange, T-Mobile, and Custom.
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Certain default settings are used for connecting to accounts when selecting specific providers. The following
table lists this information for the various carriers. If any other settings are required, use the Custom option
instead.
PROVIDER
DEFAULT SETTINGS
AT&T
APN: isp.cingular
Dial String: atd*99***1#
Authentication: PAP
Username: ISP@CINGULARGPRS.COM
Password: CINGULAR1
O2
APN: mobile.o2.co.uk
Dial String: atd*99***1#
Authentication: PAP
Username: mobileweb
Password:password
(default, can be changed in
/etc/ppp/pap-secrets
file)
Orange
APN: orangeinternet
Dial String: atd*99***1#
Authentication: PAP
Username: user
Password: pass
(default, can be changed in /etc/ppp/pap-secrets file)
T-Mobile
APN: wap.voicestream.com
Dial String: atd*99***1#
Authentication: (none)
If Custom is chosen as the network provider for ZyWAN-GPRS, the following screen capture lists the fields
and options that are available.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
APN
Enter the
APN
(Access Point Name) of the cellular provider’s
data connection. This is supplied by the cellular provider.
Dial String
Enter the AT command dial string which is dialed for connection
to the cellular provider’s APN.
Auth Type
Enter the Authentication type used by the cellular provider.
Available types are: None, Pap, and Chap.
If the Auth Type is set to Pap or Chap, the following fields are available.
FIELD
EXPLANATION
Username
Enter the username required to log on to the APN of the cellular
provider.
Password
Enter the password required to log on to the APN of the cellular
provider.
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Chapter 4 Ethernet configuration
The following screen capture shows the Ethernet tab.
The following items must be configured in order to enable one or both of the Ethernet network connections.
Enable Eth0/Eth1
Select Yes to enable the first and/or second Ethernet ports available on the ZyWAN. When the Ethernet port
is enabled, the options may be configured as described in the following sections.
After setting all the Ethernet properties, click the Submit New Configuration button before switching to a
new tab or closing the window.
DHCP Client
If Use Dhcp? is set to Yes, the ZyWAN acts as a DHCP client to automatically obtain its Ethernet network
address settings from a server on the LAN. Otherwise, set this parameter to No in order to configure specific
TCP/IP addresses.
Fixed Address
The following screen capture shows the Ethernet tab if Use Dhcp? is set to No.
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The following table lists the fields available in the Ethernet tab if Use Dhcp? is set to No.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
IP Address
Enter the specific numeric address for ZyW AN. Each of the four
fields must be a number between 1 and 255.
Subnet Mask
Enter the subnet mask for this Ethernet network. Each of the
four fields must be a number between 0 and 255.
Default Gateway
Enter the numeric address of the default gateway for this
network, if this interface should be used as the default route.
Each of the four fields must be a number between 1 and 255. If
this interface is not the default route, leave the Default Gateway
blank.
Preferred DNS Server
Enter the primary DNS server address. Each of the four fields
must be a number between 1 and 255. If DNS is not needed or
the server is unavailable, the DNS address may be left blank.
Alternate DNS Server
Enter the secondary DNS server address. Each of the four
fields must be a number between 1 and 255. If DNS is not
needed or a secondary DNS server is unavailable, the DNS
address may be left blank.
Run DHCP Server
This option is used when the ZyWAN is to act as a DHCP server
on the Ethernet network, assigning network addresses to other
devices. Set this to No if this option is not used.
DHCP Server
The following screen capture shows the Ethernet tab if Run Dhcp Server is set to Yes.
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The following table lists the fields and options available in the Ethernet tab if Run Dhcp Server is set to Yes.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Default Lease Time
Enter the default lease time (in seconds) for the assigned DHCP
lease to expire. The default time is the time assigned if the
client does not request a specific lease time.
Max. Lease Time
Enter the maximum lease time (in seconds). This is the
maximum lease time which is assigned, regardless of whether
the client has requested a longer lease time.
Subnet Mask
Enter the subnet mask defining the range of network addresses
to be assigned by this DHCP server. Each of the four fields
must be a number between 0 and 255.
Range From
Enter the numeric address of the lowest DHCP address to be
assigned by this DHCP server. Each of the four fields must be a
number between 1 and 254.
Range To
Enter the numeric address of the highest DHCP address to be
assigned by this DHCP server. Each of the four fields must be a
number between 1 and 254, greater than the Range From.
Pass DNS Servers to
DHCP Clients
Set this option to Yes if the ZyW AN should act as a DNS proxy
server on the network. The ZyWAN will pass requests to
whatever DNS server is assigned on its default route, and will
pass the responses back to the requesting client.
Note:
If the Run Dhcp Server option is set to Yes, then UDP port 67 must be included in the
“Open Ports” section of the Networking page.
If Pass DNS servers to DHCP clients is set to Yes, UDP port 53 must be included in
“Open Ports”.
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Chapter 5 WiFi configuration
The following screen capture shows the Wifi tab.
The following items must be configured in order to enable the 802.11 network connection.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Mode
Select the mode of operation of the 802.11 module. Options
are: ad-hoc, managed, master, and Disabled. A brief
description of these modes is given next.
Ad-hoc: Network composed of only one group of wireless
devices and without an Access Point.
Managed: ZyWAN connects to an 802.11 Access Point on a
network.
Master: ZyWAN is the synchronization master, acting as an
Access Point.
Depending on the option selected, several of the main
configuration options change, as shown in the following table.
MODE
DHCP/FIXED IP
RUN DHCP SERVER
Ad-hoc
Selectable
Selectable, fixed IP only
Managed
Selectable
Not an option
Master
Fixed IP only
Selectable
SSID
Enter the network name (domain ID) which is to be used for this
wireless network. Enter an SSID of any (case-sensitive) to
allow roaming in managed or ad-hoc modes.
Channel
Select the frequency (channel) to use for the wireless network.
Use Encryption?
Select whether to use wireless encryption of data sent through
this wireless network. It is strongly recommended to use
encryption, unless the application does not support it.
Encryption Type
If Use Encryption? is selected above, select the Encryption
Type. Options are: WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), WPA (WiFi
Protected Access), and WPA2. WPA2 uses the more secure
AES encryption standard.
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FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Key
or Passphrase
If WEP is chosen for the Encryption Type, the Key must be
entered. This is entered as either a 5-character alphanumeric or
10-character hexadecimal string (40-bit encryption), or a 13character alphanumeric or 26-character hexadecimal value
(104-bit encryption). The hexadecimal characters must be
entered as numbers, or letters between A and F (upper or
lowercase).
If WPA or WPA2 is chosen for the Encryption Type, the
Passphrase must be entered. This is an 8 to 63 character
alphanumeric string or 64-character hexadecimal value (256-bit
encryption).
After setting all the WiFi properties, click the Submit New Configuration button before switching to a new
tab or closing the window.
Depending on the choice of Mode for WiFi operation, the DHCP Client, Fixed Address, and DHCP Server
options are used for the IP address settings, as discussed in the following sections.
DHCP Client
If Use Dhcp? is set to Yes, the ZyW AN acts as a DHCP client to automatically obtain its WiFi network
address settings from a server on the WiFi network.
Fixed Address
If this parameter is set to No in ad-hoc or managed modes or if the mode is set to master, the specific
TCP/IP addresses must be configured.
The following screen capture shows the Wifi tab if Use Dhcp? is set to No.
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The following table lists the fields and options available in the Wifi tab if Use Dhcp? is set to No.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
IP Address
Enter the specific numeric address for ZyW AN. Each of the four
fields must be a number between 1 and 255.
Subnet Mask
Enter the subnet mask for this Ethernet network. Each of the
four fields must be a number between 0 and 255.
Default Gateway
Enter the numeric address of the default gateway for this
network, if this interface should be used as the default route.
Each of the four fields must be a number between 1 and 255. If
this interface is not the default route, leave the Default Gateway
blank.
Preferred DNS Server
Enter the primary DNS server address. Each of the four fields
must be a number between 1 and 255. If DNS is not needed or
the server is unavailable, the DNS address may be left blank.
Alternate DNS Server
Enter the secondary DNS server address. Each of the four
fields must be a number between 1 and 255. If DNS is not
needed or a secondary DNS server is unavailable, the DNS
address may be left blank.
Run DHCP Server
This option is available when the Mode is ad-hoc or master.
This allows the ZyWAN is to act as a DHCP server on the WiFi
network, assigning network addresses to other devices. Set this
to No if this option is not used.
DHCP Server
If Run DHCP Server is set to Yes, the DHCP Server Configuration table is displayed.
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The following table lists the fields and options available in the DHCP Server Configuration table.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Default Lease Time
Enter the Default Lease Time (in seconds) for the assigned
DHCP lease to expire. The default time is the time assigned if
the client does not request a specific lease time.
Max. Lease Time
Enter the maximum lease time (in seconds). This is the
maximum lease time which is assigned, regardless of whether
the client has requested a longer lease time.
Subnet Mask
Enter the Subnet Mask defining the range of network addresses
to be assigned by this DHCP server. Each of the four fields
must be a number between 0 and 255.
Range From
Enter the numeric address of the lowest DHCP address to be
assigned by this DHCP server. Each of the four fields must be a
number between 1 and 254.
Range To
Enter the numeric address of the highest DHCP address to be
assigned by this DHCP server. Each of the four fields must be a
number between 1 and 254, greater than the Range From.
Pass DNS Servers to
DHCP Clients
Set this option to Yes if the ZyW AN should act as a DNS proxy
server on the network. The ZyWAN will pass requests to
whatever DNS server is assigned on its default route, and will
pass the responses back to the requesting client.
Note:
If the Run Dhcp Server option is set to Yes, then UDP port 67 must be included in the
“Open Ports” section of the Networking page.
If Pass DNS servers to DHCP clients is set to Yes, UDP port 53 must be included in
“Open Ports” section of the Networking page.
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Chapter 6 Networking configuration
The following screen capture shows the Networking tab.
The following items must be configured in order to enable open ports, port forwarding, network address
translation, or NTP services.
Open Ports
Select Yes if you wish to open the ZyWAN firewall to inbound TCP or UDP connections. This applies to any
traffic from other devices that terminates at the ZyWAN, not port forward or NAT traffic.
Note:
The Open Ports section must include UDP port 67 if DHCP Server is used for Ethernet
or WiFi. UDP port 53 must be included if Pass DNS Servers to DHCP Clients is set to
Yes for Ethernet or WiFi.
Any configured ports on the Terminal Server page, GPS UDP, or GPS Terminal Server
ports will also need to have those ports configured in the Open Ports page. If not, the
firewall will block those connections.
On the ZyWAN-IDEN models, the IO270 modem firewall is limited to 35 open ports
which can be added based on the ZyWAN configuration, plus the ports 22, 80 and 443
which are added by default.
The following screen capture shows the Networking tab if Open Ports is set to Yes.
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Note:
Changes made to the Open Ports, Port Forwarding and NAT
portions of the
Networking page take effect immediately after submitting changes, without requiring a
reboot.
The following table lists the buttons available.
BUTTON
EXPLANATION
Insert Row#
Each of the table rows is numbered. In order to insert a row in
the table, enter a number in the box between 1 and one greater
than the highest number of rows. Then click the Insert Row#
button to insert a blank row. This row needs to be filled in with
all data required.
Delete Row#
In order to delete a row in the table, enter a number in the box
between 1 and the highest number of rows. Then click the
Delete Row# button to delete the row. Once a row is deleted, it
cannot be restored without inserting a row and entering the data
again.
The following table lists the fields available in the Networking tab if Open Ports is set to Yes.
FIELD
EXPLANATION
Inbound Port
Enter the port number of the incoming connection. Port
numbers must be a number between 1 and 65535.
Protocol
Enter the protocol of the incoming port (TCP or UDP).
Optional fields:
The following optional fields configure the firewall to filter
allowed incoming connections to the ZyW AN.
Permitted Source Port
Range
Enter the range of source port numbers allowed for the incoming
connection. Normally source ports are randomly assigned, so
this field should only be used when the source port is specified.
Permitted External
Network
Enter the numeric IP address, or range of addresses, which is
the source of the connection to the ZyW AN. Each of the four
fields must be a number between 0 and 255. For instance,
entering an IP address network of 172.16.11.0 limits incoming
connections from addresses 172.16.11.1 through
172.16.11.255.
Permitted External
Network Mask
Enter the subnet mask for the Permitted External Network.
Each of the four fields must be a number between 0 and 255.
Permitted MAC
Address
Enter the MAC address, in hexadecimal format, of a specific
computer which is allowed to make a connection to the
configured Inbound Port.
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Enable Port Forwarding
Select Yes if you wish to forward individual IP ports. If a host connection comes in on one network interface
at a given port, its communication is redirected to the IP address and port number on another of the ZyWAN
interfaces.
Note:
When forwarding a port number from one interface to another, there must usually also
be a NAT rule created on the Networking page, from the source IP network to the
destination interface.
The following screen capture shows the Networking tab if Enable Port Forwarding is set to Yes.
Note:
Changes made to the Open Ports, Port Forwarding and NAT
portions of the
Networking page take effect immediately after submitting changes, without requiring a
reboot.
The following table lists the buttons available.
BUTTON
EXPLANATION
Insert Row#
Each of the table rows is numbered. In order to insert a row in
the table, enter a number in the box between 1 and one greater
than the highest number of rows. Then click the Insert Row#
button to insert a blank row. This row needs to be filled in with
all data required.
Delete Row#
In order to delete a row in the table, enter a number in the box
between 1 and the highest number of rows. Then click the
Delete Row# button to delete the row. Once a row is deleted, it
cannot be restored without inserting a row and entering the data
again.
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The following table lists the fields available in the Networking tab if Enable Port Forwarding is set to Yes.
FIELD
EXPLANATION
Inbound Interface
Enter the name of the network interface on which to monitor the
incoming connection to an IP port, such as eth0 or ppp0. See
Understanding Network Interfaces on page 21 for a description
of the available interfaces on the ZyW AN.
Inbound Port
Enter the port number of the incoming connection. Port
numbers must be a number between 1 and 65535.
Destination Address
Enter the numeric IP address to which the network traffic is
redirected. Each of the four fields must be a number between 1
and 255.
Destination Port
Enter the destination port number to which the network traffic is
redirected. Port numbers must be a number between 1 and
65535.
Optional fields:
The following optional fields configure the firewall to filter
allowed incoming connections to the ZyW AN.
Permitted Source Port
Range
Enter the range of source port numbers allowed for the incoming
connection. Normally source ports are randomly assigned, so
this field should only be used when the source port is specified.
Permitted External
Network
Enter the numeric IP address, or range of addresses, which is
the source of the connection to the ZyW AN. Each of the four
fields must be a number between 0 and 255. For instance,
entering an IP address network of 172.16.11.0 limits incoming
connections from addresses 172.16.11.1 through
172.16.11.255.
Permitted External
Network Mask
Enter the subnet mask for the Permitted External Network.
Each of the four fields must be a number between 0 and 255.
Permitted MAC
Address
Enter the MAC address, in hexadecimal format, of a specific
computer which is allowed to make a connection to the
configured Inbound Port.
Enable NAT
Select Yes if you wish to enable Network Address Translation, also referred to as IP Masquerading. This
allows devices on one interface of the ZyW AN (‘internal’ side) to access the network on a second interface
(‘external’ side), typically to allow devices to connect to the Internet via a single external IP address. The
ZyW AN re-writes the source and/or destination Internet addresses in a packet as they pass through, so that
they appears on the external side as from a single IP address, but on the internal side there may be multiple
addresses which are hidden from the external network. NAT keeps track of outbound TCP connections and
distributes incoming packets to the correct machine.
The following screen capture shows the Nat Table if Enable NAT is set to Yes.
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The following table lists the buttons available.
BUTTON
EXPLANATION
Insert Row#
Each of the table rows is numbered. In order to insert a row in
the table, enter a number in the box between 1 and one greater
than the highest number of rows. Then click the Insert Row#
button to insert a blank row. This row needs to be filled in with
all data required.
Delete Row#
In order to delete a row in the table, enter a number in the box
between 1 and the highest number of rows. Then click the
Delete Row# button to delete the row. Once a row is deleted, it
cannot be restored without inserting a row and entering the data
again.
The following table lists the fields available in the Nat Table if Enable NAT is set to Yes.
FIELD
EXPLANATION
Source Network /
Address
Enter the numeric IP address, or range of addresses, which the
ZyW AN translates from the source (internal) network. Each of
the four fields must be a number between 0 and 255. For
instance, entering an IP address network of 172.16.11.0
translates all addresses from 172.16.11.1 through
172.16.11.255.
Source Netmask
Enter the subnet mask for the Source Network/Address. Each
of the four fields must be a number between 0 and 255.
Source Interface
Enter the name of the network interface which contains the
source network (above).
Destination Interface
Enter the name of the network interface which is the destination
(external) side of the network address translation. The public IP
address on that interface has already been defined in the
Ethernet or WiFi sections of the configuration, or it might be
assigned by the cellular provider as part of the data services
activation on that network. The interface names must be
entered such as eth0 or ppp0. See Understanding Network
Interfaces on page 21 for a description of the available
interfaces on the Z yWAN.
Masquerade
The normal setting for Masquerade is Yes, providing forwarding
and Network Address Translation between the two interfaces.
There may be rare cases where this should be set to No, which
retains the internal forwarding of packets between the two
interfaces, but disables the network address translation.
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Time Synchronization
Select the method of synchronizing the internal clock of the Z yWAN. Available options are: None, GPS, and
NTP. The GPS option allows the time to be acquired from the GPS receiver (if installed). The NTP (Network
Time Protocol) updates the clock using NTP protocol from a network server. The following screen capture
shows the Table of NTP Servers table available if Time Synchronization is set to NTP.
The following table lists the buttons available.
BUTTON
EXPLANATION
Insert Row#
Each of the table rows is numbered. In order to insert a row in
the table, enter a number in the box between 1 and one greater
than the highest number of rows. Then click the Insert Row#
button to insert a blank row. This row needs to be filled in with
all data required.
Delete Row#
In order to delete a row in the table, enter a number in the box
between 1 and the highest number of rows. Then click the
Delete Row# button to delete the row. Once a row is deleted, it
cannot be restored without inserting a row and entering the data
again.
Note:
If the clock is not retained after loss of power, it
may either be that the battery link on the main
circuit board is not fitted or that the coin cell battery
has failed and needs to be replaced.
The following table lists the fields available in Table of NTP Servers if Time Synchronization is set to NTP.
FIELD
EXPLANATION
NTP Servers to Use
(IP address or FQDN)
Enter either the numeric address or named address (Fully
Qualified Domain Name, FQDN) of an NTP server to use for
synchronizing the system date and time. Insert additional rows
if more NTP servers are desired.
The best time server to use is one available on a local network,
if available. This avoids using public Internet resources and
gives more accurate time. The second best option is to use a
time server which is located on the Internet somewhere close
(small roundtrip time). Otherwise, some possible addresses are:
0.pool.ntp.org
, 1.pool.ntp.org, and 2.pool.ntp.org (these
addresses point to three randomly assigned servers, which
change every hour), or simply pool.ntp.org.
After setting all the properties, click the Submit New Configuration button before switching to a new tab or
closing the window.
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Chapter 7 GPS configuration
The following screen capture shows the GPS tab.
GPS (Global Positioning System) data is gathered from the GPS receiver using the standard NMEA protocol
and may be redirected to either a serial or TCP port. See the NMEA Web site (www.nmea.org
) for more
information on the NMEA protocol standard. The GPS data may also be cached and delivered to a server in
another format using the UDP protocol.
The following table lists the options that may be configured to enable the collection and distribution of GPS
data.
OPTION
EXPLANATION
Forward GPS to physical COM Port?
Select
Yes
for this item to send GPS data to a
physical serial port on the ZyWAN in NMEA format.
See page 88.
Enable GPS Terminal Server?
Select Yes to enable a terminal server on the
ZyW AN, which allows a host to connect and obtain
streaming GPS data over a network connection in
NMEA format. See page 89.
GPS UDP Message Format?
Select a data format to enable the ZyW AN to send
GPS data over a network connection using UDP
protocol. Available options are None, Arcom
Format, and ActSoft Format. See page 90.
When selecting the ActSoft Format, the server
address is sent to a Comet Tracker server by
Actsoft™ Inc. (www.actsoft.com
).
When selecting the Arcom Format, a server is
required which is able to handle the Arcom GPS
data format. See Arcom Format for GPS
Messages (UDP) on page 92 for further details.
After setting all the properties, click the Submit New Configuration button before switching to a new tab or
closing the window.
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Forward GPS to Physical COM Port
The following screen capture shows the GPS tab if Forward GPS to Physical COM Port is set to Yes.
The following table lists the options offered.
OPTION
EXPLANATION
Outbound COM Port
Select the serial COM port to which the GPS data is sent.
Important:
Make sure this COM port is not configured for
another service in the ZyWAN. Otherwise, both
services may conflict for the port and not operate
correctly.
Baud Rate
Select the baud rate to use for the serial GPS output. Baud rate
options range from 1200 to 115,200 bps.
Data Bits
Select the number of data bits to use for the serial GPS output.
Options are 5, 6, 7, and 8.
Parity
Select the parity to use for the serial GPS output. Options are
None, Odd, Even, Mark, Space.
Stop Bits
Select the number of stop bits to use for the serial GPS output.
Options are 1, 1.5, and 2.
Flow Ctrl
Select whether to use hardware flow control for the serial GPS
output. Options are None, and RTS/CTS (hardware flow
control).
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The Enable options determine which NMEA messages are sent through the COM port. The following table
describes these options.
OPTION
EXPLANATION
Enable GPGLL?
Select Yes to enable the GPGLL message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPGGA?
Select Yes to enable the GPGGA message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPVTG?
Select Yes to enable the GPVTG message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPRMC?
Select Yes to enable the GPVTG message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPRMC?
Select Yes to enable the GPRMC message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPGSA?
Select Yes to enable the GPGSA message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPGSV?
Select Yes to enable the GPGSV message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable PFST,FOM?
Select Yes to enable the PFST and FOM messages in the
NMEA data stream.
Enable GPS Terminal Server
The following screen capture shows the window if Enable GPS Terminal Server? is set to Yes.
Note:
If the GPS Terminal Server is configured here, it must also be included as a TCP port
in the “Open Ports” section of the Networking page, so the firewall will allow
connections to be made to the ZyW AN.
The following table lists the fields offered if Enable GPS Terminal Server? is set to Yes.
FIELD
EXPLANATION
TCP Port To Listen On:
Enter the port number to use for the terminal server which
delivers GPS data to a host. Port numbers must be an unused
port number between 1 and 65535.
Maximum Number of
Connections Allowed:
Enter the maximum number (between 1 and 8) of simultaneous
host connections which are allowed to connect to the ZyWAN to
receive streaming GPS data.
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The Enable options determine which NMEA messages are sent through the network port. The following
table describes these options.
OPTION
EXPLANATION
Enable GPGLL?
Select Yes to enable the GPGLL message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPGGA?
Select Yes to enable the GPGGA message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPVTG?
Select Yes to enable the GPVTG message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPRMC?
Select Yes to enable the GPRMC message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPGSA?
Select Yes to enable the GPGSA message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable GPGSV?
Select Yes to enable the GPGSV message in the NMEA data
stream.
Enable PFST,FOM?
Select Yes to enable the PFST and FOM messages in the
NMEA data stream.
GPS UDP Message Format
The following screen capture shows the window if GPS UDP Message Format? is set to Arcom Format or
ActSoft Format.
Note:
If the GPS UDP option is configured here, its UDP server port must also be included in
the “Open Ports” section of the Networking
page as UDP, so the firewall will allow
acknowledgements to be sent back to the ZyW AN. This is required for the Actsoft
Format mode, and for Arcom Format where the “Enable Cache” option is set to Yes.
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The following table lists the fields and options offered.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Server IP Address:
Enter the numeric IP address or fully qualified domain name
(FQDN) to which the UDP packets are sent containing GPS
data. This is the address of the host computer, which must be
available on the network (such as the Internet) to receive this
data. Each of the four fields must be a number between 1 and
255. If the ActSoft Format is used, this IP address should
generally be gps.comettracker.com.
Server Port Number:
Enter the destination port number on the host computer which
receives the GPS data over UDP. Port numbers must be a
number between 1 and 65535. If the ActSoft Format is used,
the port number should generally be 8502.
Request Interval:
Enter the interval (in seconds) for how often the GPS data is
obtained from the GPS receiver. Range is 1 to 65535 seconds
for the Arcom mode, 30 to 65535 for ActSoft mode. Multiple
GPS positions can be collected and buffered, to be sent all
together as determined by the Send Threshold, in order to
reduce the network traffic.
Send Threshold:
Enter the Send Threshold as a number between 1 and 19. The
Send Threshold is a numeric value which indicates how many
GPS positions should be sent in one position message. The
position message will not be sent until the specified number of
GPS positions have been obtained from the GPS receiver.
Unit ID:
Enter the unit ID which identifies the GPS data from this ZyWAN
when reported to a host computer. This allows the host
computer to have unique identifiers for data coming from
multiple remote units.
When using the Actsoft Format, this Unit ID must be a unique
10-character serial number to identify this device in the Actsoft
system.
For ZyW AN-IDEN: The Unit ID reported to ActSoft must be the
10-character modem serial number.
For all other models: The Unit ID is a unique 10-character serial
number, with format to be specified by ActSoft.
Warning:
It is essential to observe that this Unit ID field is
entered correctly. If not and if duplicate ID’s are
reporting from any other device, both remote
devices may suffer loss of data and an interruption
of GPS reporting service.
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FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Enable Cache?
Select Yes to enable caching of GPS data. When caching is
enabled, the ZyWAN stores 100 positions in non-volatile
memory. After this cache is filled, the oldest positions are
discarded. Once the network connection is re-established,
positions in the cache will transmitt in a first-in, first-out order.
This is the only option for ActSoft mode, and the option is not
available to set to No.
When Enable Cache is set to Yes, a UDP acknowledgement is
required from the host computer, which allows the ZyWAN to
verify the data has been received. If the UDP acknowledgement
is not received, the data points begin to be cached.
The Enable Cache option requires that the Z yWAN
network address must be accessible to the host
computer, since the host must initiate a one-way UDP
acknowledgement message to the ZyW AN.
If the
acknowledgement is not received (due to network
problems, etc.), the Z yWAN caches the GPS points
based on the Request Interval and Send Threshold
parameters (above) and continues trying to send the
next point every 10 seconds.
When Enable Cache is set to No (Arcom format only), a UDP
acknowledgement is not required. The ZyW AN simply sends
out the GPS points when it can and does not store them locally.
If the host computer does not receive the position message,
those positions are lost.
Arcom Format for GPS Messages (UDP)
When using the Arcom Format for GPS data, the position message is transmitted using the User Datagram
Protocol (UDP). If caching is enabled, the ZyWAN waits a minimum of 10 seconds to receive an
acknowledgement message after transmission of a position message. If a response message is received
that does not contain the characters ACK or no message is received within the timeout period, the position
message is retransmitted. This process continues indefinitely. The ACK must be 3 ASCII characters (0x41
0x43 0x4B).
The position message is defined next. The first 12 bytes are a header, followed by 19-byte portions
containing the timestamp and position information. The number of these 19-byte portions is determined by
the Send Threshold parameter. All data is in binary big-endian format, unless otherwise specified.
Message header:
som(1)
snum(10)
npos(1)
Position data (repeated):
sval(1) time(4) stat(1) sats(1) lat(4) lon(4) psrc(1) speed(1) head(2)
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The following table describes the fields of the position message.
FIELD
BYTES
DESCRIPTION
som
1
This field indicates the start of message and is always set to
0x7E.
snum
10
This field contains the unit serial number in ASCII left justified
and null(0) filled to the right.
npos
1
This field gives the number of positions in this message.
sval 1 The field contains the sequence value for each position
transmitted.
The sequence value for the first position transmitted is 0. The
sequence value is incremented by 1 for each subsequent
position transmitted. Since this value is only one byte, the
maximum sequence value is 255.
time
4
This field contains the UTC timestamp of the GPS position and
its value is in seconds since 1/1/1970.
stat 1 This field contains a code representing status of the position
from the GPS receiver. In addition, bits 5-7 are used as flags for
other conditions.
Status Codes:
Bit: 1 Condition: No response from GPS receiver
Bit: 2 Condition: Error in response from GPS receiver
Bit: 3 Condition: Almanac error response from GPS receiver
Bit: 4 Condition: Good position response from GSP receiver
Flag Bits:
Bit 5: UTC TIME FLAG – This bit must be set to indicate that the
TIMETAG represents UTC time.
Bit 6: OVERFLOW FLAG – This bit is set to indicate that this
position, after being added to the store and forward cache,
caused an existing position in the store and forward cache to be
deleted.
Bit 7: FIRST POSITION FLAG – This bit is set to indicate that
this is the first position to be transmitted after the device was
powered on. For all subsequent positions, this bit must be
cleared.
sats 1 This field contains the number of satellites currently being
tracked.
lat 4 This field contains the latitude of the position in 1/100,000
minutes. For example, the ‘North 26 Degrees 8.767840
Minutes’ is represented as (26 * 60 * 100000 + 8.767840 *
100000) = 156876784.
lon 4 This field contains the longitude of the position in 1/100,000
minutes. For example, the ‘WEST 80 Degrees 15.222400
Minutes’ is represented as - (80 * 60 * 100000 + 15.222400 *
100000) = - 481522240.
psrc
1
This field contains ASCII ‘G’(0x47) if this is a valid GPS position.
Otherwise, it contains ASCII ‘N’(0x4E).
speed
1
This field contains the speed in miles per hour.
head
2
This field contains the heading in degrees.
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Chapter 8 Terminal Clients
The following screen capture shows the Terminal Clients tab.
The Terminal Client makes an outbound TCP/IP connection to a remote server, allowing pass-through
communication with a local serial port. Its serial port also provides AT command emulation to act similar to a
dial modem.
After setting all the Terminal Client properties, click the Submit New Configuration button before switching
to a new tab or closing the window.
Note:
Changes made to the Terminal Clients page take effect immediately after submitting
changes without requiring a reboot.
To allow one or more Terminal Client services to be configured, set Enable Terminal Clients to Yes. The
Table of Terminal Clients is displayed, as shown in the following screen capture.
The following table lists the buttons available.
BUTTON
EXPLANATION
Insert Row#
Each of the Terminal Clients exists as a large set of properties in
a numbered table row. In order to insert a row in the table, enter
a number in the box between 1 and one greater than the highest
number of rows. Then click the Insert Row# button to insert a
blank row. This row must be filled in with all data required.
Note that this table can get very large, with inner tables on each
Terminal Client table row. When adding or deleting a Terminal
Client configuration, make sure to click the Insert Row# or
Delete Row# buttons at the very bottom of the main table.
Delete Row#
In order to delete a Terminal Client configuration (a row in the
main table), enter a number in the box between 1 and the
highest number of rows. Then click the Delete Row# button to
delete the row. Once a row is deleted, it cannot be restored
without inserting a row and entering the data again.
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The following screen capture shows a Table of Terminal Clients containing the Terminal Client configuration.
The following table lists the fields and options that are available and that must be set for each configured
Terminal Client configuration.
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
COM Port
Select the serial COM port to which the Terminal Client data is
sent.
Important:
Make sure this COM port is not configured for
another service in the ZyWAN. Otherwise, both
services may conflict for the port and not operate
correctly.
Baud Rate
Select the baud rate to use for the Terminal Client port. Baud
rate options range from 1200 to 115,200 bps.
Data Bits
Select the number of data bits to use for the Terminal Client
port. Options are 5, 6, 7, and 8.
Parity
Select the parity to use for the Terminal Client port. Options are
None, Odd, Even, Mark, Space.
Stop Bits
Select the number of stop bits to use for the Terminal Client
port. Options are 1, 1.5, and 2.
Flow Ctrl
Select whether to use hardware flow control for the Terminal
Client port. Options are None, and RTS/CTS (hardware flow
control).
Respond with OK?
Choose whether an OK message is sent in response to AT
commands entered at the Terminal Client serial port. The OK
response is similar to the way in which a modem responds to a
computer over its serial port.
DTR Indicates Connect
State
Specify whether DTR indicates the IP connection state. If set to
Yes, the serial port’s DTR output is asserted to a positive
voltage when the IP connection is established, and is deasserted when the IP connection is lost. This is meant to
operate similar to a Carrier Detect (CD) output from a dial
modem, which is asserted after a data connection is
established.
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FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Buffer Size
Enter the maximum number of data bytes (between 1 and 4095)
which are allowed in an IP packet. The actual amount may be
less if the Demark Timer times out before the serial buffer is full.
This Buffer Size works both ways –network originated packets
are sent to the serial port in blocks of bytes, and data coming in
the serial port are broken into network packets of the configured
number of bytes.
Demark Timer
Enter the maximum time (in milliseconds, between 10 and
30000) the ZyWAN waits for non-activity on the serial port
before sending whatever serial data has been received.
Reconnect Delay
Enter the length of time (in seconds, between 1 and 65535) the
Terminal Client waits before attempting to re-establish a lost
connection with the server, if the connection has been dropped
for any reason. This option only applies when the Connect
Mode is set to Continuously.
Connect Mode
Choose the connection mode. The options available are:
Continuously: Connect automatically upon system restart or
upon either device dropping the IP connection. There must be
only one Host Connection row, and its Matching Dial String field
must be left empty.
Any Data: Connect only when data is received from a serial
device connected to the COM Port. There must be only one
Host Connection row, and its Matching Dial String field must be
left empty.
ATDT String: Connect only if an ATDT### message is received
on the serial port, where ### is some alphanumeric string.
There may be many Host Connection rows configured under this
Terminal Client, with their Dial String set to unique ATDT###
values.
The ATDT mode acts as a modem emulator, whereby each
ATDT dial sequence initiates a connection to an IP address.
Until a matching dial string is received, the ZyWAN does not
make an outbound Terminal Client connection. See Matching
Dial String for more details.
Use DCD Pin: Connect if the Data Carrier Detect (DCD) input
signal on the serial port is raised to a positive RS-232 voltage.
This must be used with an RS-232 port and does not apply
when COM3 uses the RS-485 hardware option. There must be
only one Host Connection row, and its Matching Dial String field
must be left empty.
ATDT or DCD: Connect if either ATDT### message is received
or if the Data Carrier Detect (DCD) signal on the serial port is
asserted. If the ATDT message is received, it is compared
against the Matching Dial String in the Host Connection rows to
find which IP address to use for connection. If the DCD is
received, the ZyWAN is connected to the IP address of the first
Host Connection row with an empty field for the Matching Dial
String.
Serial Driver
Select whether to use the Native Linux (ttyS) serial driver or the
ACSCOMM Eurotech driver. The ACSCOMM option allows for
half-duplex RS-485 communication, and it can provide better
handling of hardware flow control if needed.
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Host Connection Table
The Host Connection Table is part of the Terminal Client configuration, as shown in the following screen
capture.
At least one row must be configured in the Host Connection Table for it to work properly.
Note:
When adding or deleting rows of a Host Connection Table, make sure to click the
Insert Row# or Delete Row# buttons within the brown section of the Terminal Client,
not the buttons at the very bottom of the main table.
The following table lists the buttons available in the Host Connection Table.
BUTTON
EXPLANATION
Insert Row#
Each row of the Host Connection Table exists as a set of
properties in a numbered table row within the Terminal Client
configuration. In order to insert a row in the table, enter a
number in the box between 1 and one greater than the highest
number of rows. Then click the Insert Row# button to insert a
blank row. This row must be filled in with all data required.
Delete Row#
In order to delete a row of the Host Connection Table, enter a
number in the box between 1 and the highest number of rows.
Then click the Delete Row# button to delete the row. Once a
row is deleted, it cannot be restored without inserting a row and
entering the data again.
The following screen capture shows the Host Connection Table.
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The following table lists the fields and options available for each row of the Host Connection Table. Multiple
rows may be added if necessary:
FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Remote IP Port
Enter the port number (between 1 and 65535) to which the
Terminal Client connects. The same port number is used to
attempt connections to each of the three IP Addresses, if
configured. There is no option to connect to different port
numbers for each address in the Host Connection row.
Disconnect Mode
Select when to disconnect from the remote address. In any
case of a session disconnect, the Connect Mode (above)
determines how a reconnection occurs.
Options available are:
On +++: Disconnect if three characters +++ (and no more than
three) are received on the serial port within the Demark Time.
This emulates the modem attention string often used prior to
hanging up a dial connection.
On Dropped DCD: Disconnect when the Data Carrier Detect
(DCD) input on the serial port goes to a low (inactive) state.
Either: Disconnect either on receiving +++ at the serial port or on
an inactive serial DCD line.
Neither: Never disconnect from the remote server. Connections
may still be lost due to the remote side dropping its connection
or due to network interruptions.
Echo Connect Strings?
Choose whether to echo all commands.
The options are:
To Async: Echo the Connect Message and Failure Message to
the serial port after a connection attempt or after the Terminal
Client disconnects.
To Async and Socket: Echo the Connect Message and Failure
Message to the serial port and to the remote server after a
connection attempt or after the Terminal Client disconnects.
Neither: Do not echo the strings to the serial or TCP port.
Matching Dial String
Enter the ATDT string that is used to make a connection if the
Connect Mode option is set to ATDT or ATDT or DCD.
Otherwise, this field must be left empty.
If used, the string must always start with the letters ATDT and
be followed by some unique text (uppercase/lowercase text is
treated identically, and spaces are ignored).
For instance, the Host Connection rows may contain Matching
Dial Strings of ATDT1, ATDT555-1212, ATDTDIAL. When any
of these strings is received on the serial port, the ZyWAN
attempts to connect to the first configured IP address of its Host
Connection row.
Connect Message
Enter a text message (such as “CONNECT”) sent to the network
and/or serial port when a network connection is established to
the remote address. This text is only sent when the Echo
Connect Strings? is set to something other than Neither. This
option emulates a modem’s option to echo a connect message
to a dialing computer. This field may be left blank if no message
is desired.
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FIELD/OPTION
EXPLANATION
Failure Message
Enter a text message (such as “NO CARRIER”) sent to the
network and/or serial port when the Terminal Client disconnects
from a network connection and to the serial port when a
connection attempt fails. This text is only sent when the Echo
Connect Strings? is set to something other than Neither. This
option emulates a modem’s option to echo a fail message to a
dialing computer. This field may be left blank if no message is
desired.
IP Address 1,
IP Address 2,
IP Address 3
Enter the IP address or fully qualified domain name (FQDN) to
which the Terminal Client connects.
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Chapter 9 Terminal Servers
The following screen capture shows the Terminal Servers tab.
The Terminal Server sets up a listening port for inbound TCP/IP connection, allowing communication directly
to a local serial port.
After setting all the Terminal Server properties, click the Submit New Configuration button before switching
to a new tab or closing the window.
Note:
Changes made to the Terminal Server page take effect immediately after submitting
changes without requiring a reboot.
To allow one or more Terminal Server services to be configured, set Enable Terminal Servers to Yes. This
makes the items shown in the following screen capture available in the Table of Terminal Servers.
The following table lists the buttons available in the Table of Terminal Servers.
BUTTON
EXPLANATION
Insert Row#
Each of the Terminal Servers exists as a large set of properties
in a numbered table row. In order to insert a row in the table,
enter a number in the box between 1 and one greater than the
highest number of rows. Then click the Insert Row# button to
insert a blank row. This row must be filled in with all data
required.
Delete Row#
In order to delete a Terminal Server configuration (a row in the
table), enter a number in the box between 1 and the highest
number of rows. Then click the Delete Row# button to delete
the row. Once a row is deleted, it cannot be restored without
inserting a row and entering the data again.
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