195Ed

ESTeem 195Eg, 195Ea, 195Ed, 195Ep User Manual

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gy,

ESTeem MODEL 195E SERIES

USER’S MANUAL

Models 195Eg – 195Ed - 195Ep – 195Ea

Manual Revision 1.0

October 2012

Electronic Systems Technolo

Inc.

Author:

Name:

Title:

Eric P. Marske Product Support Manager

Date:

Approved by:

Name:

Title:

Tom L. Kirchner President

Date:

Electronic Systems Technology, Inc.

Building B1

415 N. Quay Street

Kennewick, WA 99336

Phone: 509-735-9092

Fax: 509-783-5475

E-mail: market@esteem.com

Web Site: www.esteem.com

in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Electronic Systems Technology.

PRODUCT WARRANTY

Electronic Systems Technology, Inc., (hereinafter EST) expressly warrants its products as free of manufacturing defects for a period of one year from the date of sale to first user/customer. THERE IS EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. NO OTHER WARRANTY GIVEN BY ANY EMPLOYEE, AGENT, DISTRIBUTOR OR OTHER PERSON WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT SHALL BE BINDING ON EST.

LIMITATION OF LIABILITY:

EST's liability shall be limited to refunding of purchase price, repair or replacement of product. IN NO EVENT SHALL EST HAVE LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES CAUSED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY BY THE PRODUCT, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY INTERRUPTION OF SERVICES, LOSS OF BUSINESS OR ANTICIPATORY PROFITS. IN NO EVENT SHALL EST BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCT.

In the event that a unit or part requires replacement or factory servicing, the following conditions apply: a) Customer must obtain from EST an authorized RMA (Return Materials Authorization) Number before shipment of product

or parts to EST for any reason;

b) If the whole unit is shipped, it must be in its original carton and shipping components, or a carton and shipping components

supplied by EST, or it parts only are shipped, they must be packaged and cushioned so as to prevent damage in transit and shipped freight prepaid;

PRODUCT WILL BE CONSIDERED OUT OF WARRANTY IF:

a) If the product is damaged due to improper or abnormal use, abuse, mishandling, accident or improper maintenance or

failure to follow operating instruction; b) If the product is defective as a result of sand, dirt, or water damage; c) If any factory-sealed enclosure has been opened or shows evidence of an attempt to be opened; d) If defects or damage are caused by the use of unauthorized parts or unauthorized service; e) If the product has had its serial numbers altered or removed.

Warranty repair form must be accompanied by proof of user's purchase of unit. Product must be shipped to the manufacturer at the following address:

Electronic Systems Technology 415 North Quay Street Kennewick, Washington USA 99336

ADDITIONAL SERVICE:

If EST releases an improvement update to firmware internal to the ESTeem unit during the 90 day period after the unit was purchased by the first user/customer, EST will update the applicable unit with the revised version at no charge other than for UPS handling and shipping to and from your location to the EST factory. Return of any such item must be accompanied with proof of purchase.

THERE ARE NO OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND

ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, INC. Specifications subject to change without notice

415 North Quay Street • Kennewick, WA 99336 www.esteem.com Phone (509) 735-9092 • Fax (509) 783-5475 Revised: 28 Aug 2013

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 – Introduction

Before You Begin Model 195E Overview

Model 195E Configuration Modes

Access Point Modes --------------------------------------------- 1-2 Access Point Repeater --------------------------------------------- 1-3 Self-Healing Mesh Network --------------------------------------------- 1-3 Station (802.11g Client) Modes --------------------------------------------- 1-4 RS-232 Serial Applications --------------------------------------------- 1-5

CHAPTER 2 – Starting Out

Three Configuration Phases Model 195E Hardware Description

Front Panel Layout --------------------------------------------- 2-2 Antenna Connection Overview --------------------------------------------- 2-2

Model 195Eg Hardware Configuration

CHAPTER 3 – Example Applications

Modes of Operation Description and Examples

Ethernet Bridge Mode --------------------------------------------- 3-1 Router Modes --------------------------------------------- 3-3 Mobile Client Modes --------------------------------------------- 3-4

802.11 Access Point Modes --------------------------------------------- 3-5

Programming Examples

Using ESTeem Network Configuration (ENC) Utility --------------------------------------------- 3-7 Example 1 – Point to Point Ethernet Bridge --------------------------------------------- 3-9 Example 2 – Point to Point Ethernet Bridge with Repeater --------------------------------------------- 3-10 Example 3 – Point to Multipoint with Mesh Repeater --------------------------------------------- 3-11 Example 4 – Point to Multipoint Router Mode --------------------------------------------- 3-13 Example 5 – Mobile Client Mode --------------------------------------------- 3-15 Example 6 – 802.11 Access Point Mode --------------------------------------------- 3-16 Router Addressing Examples --------------------------------------------- 3-17

CHAPTER 4 – Utilities and Features

ESTeem Network Configuration (ENC) Utility --------------------------------------------- 4-1 Using ESTeem Discovery Program --------------------------------------------- 4-2 Using EtherStation Status Program --------------------------------------------- 4-5 Setting Local Time 195Eg --------------------------------------------- 4-6 Configuring Time Server --------------------------------------------- 4-7 VLAN Operation --------------------------------------------- 4-9 IGMP Snooping --------------------------------------------- 4-10 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) --------------------------------------------- 4-15

1-1 1-1

1-1

2-1 2-1

2-3

3-1

3-7

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 5 – Web Configuration

Logging Into Web Configuration Manager Web Configuration Manager

Top Menu --------------------------------------------- 5-2 Setting ModemID Field --------------------------------------------- 5-2 Status Menu --------------------------------------------- 5-3 System Log Screen --------------------------------------------- 5-5 Setup Screen --------------------------------------------- 5-5 Advanced Configuration Screen --------------------------------------------- 5-6 Backup Screen --------------------------------------------- 5-6 Restore Screen --------------------------------------------- 5-7 Software Update --------------------------------------------- 5-8 System Reboot --------------------------------------------- 5-8

CHAPTER 6 – Serial Configuration and Applications

Using RS-232 Programming Port Using RS-232 Data Port

Second Connections --------------------------------------------- 6-3 Second Configuration --------------------------------------------- 6-3

CHAPTER 7 – Repeating and Mesh Networking

ESTeem Mesh Network

Configuration --------------------------------------------- 7-1

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) Spanning Tree Protocols (STP)

Overview --------------------------------------------- 7-3 Phases --------------------------------------------- 7-4 Priority and Path Cost --------------------------------------------- 7-4 Root Bridge --------------------------------------------- 7-4

Redundant Backup

Redundant Master Configuration --------------------------------------------- 7-5

CHAPTER 8 – Antenna Setups

Antenna and Cable Configurations Model 195Eg/195Eg-lp Antenna and Cable Configuration --------------------------------------------- 8-1 Model 195Ea Antenna and Cable Configuration --------------------------------------------- 8-3 Model 195Ed Antenna and Cable Configuration --------------------------------------------- 8-4 Model 195Ep Antenna and Cable Configuration --------------------------------------------- 8-5

Weatherproofing Coaxial Cable Connections

Antenna Diversity Antenna Port Selection --------------------------------------------- 8-7

5-1 5-2

6-1 6-3

7-1

7-2 7-3

7-5

8-1

8-6 8-6

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Assembling the AA195PM Outdoor Pole Mounting Kit 195E Grounding Procedure Fresnel Zone

APPENDIX A – FCC Information

APPENDIX B – Interface Ports

Ethernet Interface --------------------------------------------- B-1 Configuring DHCP Server --------------------------------------------- B-1 RS-232 Programming Port Pin-Out --------------------------------------------- B-2 RS-232 Data Port Pin-Out --------------------------------------------- B-2

APPENDIX C – Radio Configuration

Frequency of Operation --------------------------------------------- C-1 Setting RF Bandwidth --------------------------------------------- C-2 Setting Data Rates --------------------------------------------- C-2 Setting RF Power Level --------------------------------------------- C-3 Average RF Output Power --------------------------------------------- C-4

APPENDIX D – Security

APPENDIX E – Troubleshooting

Testing Communication Link --------------------------------------------- E-1 Viewing RF Data Rates --------------------------------------------- E-3 Signal Strength vs Data Rates --------------------------------------------- E-4 Setting Maximum Distance Value --------------------------------------------- E-4 Troubleshooting Tips --------------------------------------------- E-5

APPENDIX F – 195Eg Specifications

195Eg Specifications --------------------------------------------- F-1 Case Diagram --------------------------------------------- F-2 Antenna Specifications --------------------------------------------- F-3

APPENDIX G – 195Ea Specifications

195Ea Specifications --------------------------------------------- G-1 Case Diagram --------------------------------------------- G-2 Antenna Specifications --------------------------------------------- G-3

APPENDIX H – 195Ed Specifications

195Ed Specifications --------------------------------------------- H-1 Case Diagram --------------------------------------------- H-2 Antenna Specifications --------------------------------------------- H-3

APPENDIX I – 195Ep Specifications

195Ep Specifications --------------------------------------------- I-1 Case Diagram --------------------------------------------- I-2 Antenna Specifications --------------------------------------------- I-3

APPENDIX J – 195Eg-lp Specifications

8-9 8-14

8-15

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

BEFORE YOU BEGIN

Thank you and congratulations on your purchase of the ESTeem Model 195E Wireless Ethernet Radio Modem! This manual was written to help both the first time and advanced user of the 195E to configure the wireless modem for your application. If this is your first time configuring the 195E and you would like to get going as soon as possible, we recommend using the ESTeem Resource CD provided with the modem. The Resource CD will provide the software utilities and guide you through the configuration of the wireless modem for your application.

The ESTeem 195E series wireless modems are very sophisticated networking devices. To keep the manual usably short, many of the application descriptions and programming details assume the user has a good working knowledge of the following network concepts:

• General Ethernet networking and the configuration of LAN topologies

• Common Ethernet terminology and acronyms

• TCP/IP network protocol structure and how to configure TCP/IP networks

and subnets

• How to identify and set the TCP/IP address on your computer

• Have administrator privileges to the computer and network you are configuring

• If using routing protocols, you must be able to identify and configure the network routers, gateways and firewalls

• You must be familiar with using web browser software such as Internet Explorer, Netscape or Mozilla

If you are unfamiliar with any of the above networking concepts, you may need to contact your network administrator for assistance.

MODEL 195E OVERVIEW

The ESTeem Model 195E is a series of wireless LAN transceivers that can be used to build many types of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). The wireless modems in 195E series can provide RF data rates up to 54 Mbps and have an RS-232 serial port for legacy device networks. The Model 195E is a very sophisticated networking device that can be configured for multiple modes of operation depending upon the needs of the wireless and wired LAN system. The following configuration modes are provided as an overview of the basic network types, as all possible network configurations can not be listed. For further help in selecting the correct network type, please refer to Chapter 4 of this User’s Manual or call Customer Support at 509-735-9092.

Figure 1: ESTeem Model 195E Series

Throughout this User’s Manual are “Technical Tips” in boxes like this that have been added to help answer the most commonly asked questions.

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Figure 2: Access Point Bridge Diagram

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

CONFIGURATION MODES

A Model 195E can be configured for multiple modes of operation without any changes to the hardware. The following are brief descriptions of the configuration modes. For detailed descriptions and suggested applications for each mode, please refer to Chapter 4.

Access Point Modes

When a Model 195E is configured as an Access Point it will provide a wireless bridge for mobile clients such as Model 195E modems in client modes or Wi-Fi devices with the 195Eg and 195Ea. Multiple Access Points can be physically connected to the same network (LAN) or through a radio link using the Access Point Repeater mode to provide overlapping, seamless Ethernet communication for mobile devices.

1. Access Point Bridge Mode An ESTeem Model 195E in Access Point Bridge mode will both provide wireless access to mobile clients (Access Point)

and bridge all Ethernet data connected to the Ethern et ports. The AP Bridge mode will pass all network traffic between

connected devices including global network broadcasts. (See Figure 2)

2. Access Point Router Mode In this mode the ESTeem Model 195E will function as a router between wired Ethernet networks, connected to the

195E’s Ethernet port, and the

wireless clients in the network. As in

all standard router configurations, the

wireless and wired Ethernet networks

will need to be on separate subnets.

The 195E in Access Point Router

mode will pass network traffic for

connected devices but will block

global network broadcasts from the

wired network. This mode of

operation should be used instead of

the Access Point Bridge mode when

a separation between networks is

required or the ESTeem is connected

to larger LAN Networks that will

continuously send global network

broadcasts (Figure 3).

Figure 3: Repeater Mode Diagram

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Figure 4: Access Point Masquerade Diagram

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

3. Access Point Masquerade Mode The Access Point Masquerade mode is a special use of the Access Point mode where the Model 195E will connect

mobile clients into a single static IP address on a wired network. Data requests from the wireless network will be

processed through the Access Point Masquerade 195E, but any request from the wired Ethernet network to devices on the

wireless network will be rejected similar to the operation of a “firewall”. The 195E will hide all the IP addresses

connected on the wireless link. You would use this mode of operation if Model 195E is connected directly to the Inte rnet

with a static IP address (DSL, T1, etc.) and you want the wireless clients to access the information through the Model

195E (Figure 4). This mode should also be used for attaching the Model 195E to a network where few IP addresses are

available or a firewall for the wireless clients is required.

Access Point Repeater The Access Point Repeater is a unique enhancement of the ESTeem Model 195E series. The Access Point Repeater can

be used with any of the above Access Point modes. With this repeater feature enabled, the Model 195E Access Points do

not have to be hardwired together on the same physical LAN to provide seamless Ethernet communication for roaming

clients. In addition to greatly extending the Access Point canopy range, the Model 195E will also bridge any Ethernet

device or Ethernet network connected to the unit over this same wireless Ethernet network. This mode gives the user the

features of a point to multi-point bridge network but also allows the Model 195E in the Client mode to simultaneously

roam under the network canopy.

Self-Healing Mesh Network If multiple Access Point Repeater routes are configured to the same destination ESTeem, the 195E will create a “self-

healing” mesh network by automatically re-routing data through alternate paths to reach its destination if the primary

path is inoperable. The routing and priority of alternate paths is completely user configurable. (See Figure 5)

Access

Point/Repeater

Remote Site

Access Point/Repeater

Access

Point/Repeater

Access Point/Repeater

Remote Site

Access

Point/Repeater

Vehicles

Remote Site

Client Mode

Access Point/Repeater

Remote Site

Access

Point/Repeater

Access Point/Repeater

Remote Site

Access

Point/Repeater

Remote Site

Remote Office

Access Point/Repeater

Remote Site

Main Office

Remote Site

Figure 5: Mesh Network Diagram

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Station (Client) Modes

1. EtherStation Mode When the 195E is configured in the EtherStation mode and attached to a single Ethernet Device, the Model 195E will

emulate an 802.11 wireless card in functionality for communication as a mobile client. The 195E will seamless roam

under the radio canopy of Access Points and can provide greatly increased range over a Wireless LAN Card for mobile

Ethernet devices such as vehicles, forklifts, cranes, etc (Figures 2-4).

2. Station Router Mode The Station Router mode will also functions as a mobile client, similar to EtherStation, but will allow multiple Ethernet

devices to be connected to a single 195E (Figure 4). The 195E will function as a router between the wireless client mode

and the wired Ethernet devices connected to the Ethernet port. Similar in configuration to the Access Point Router mode,

the wireless and wired Ethernet networks will need to be on separate subnets. To communicate from wireless network to

devices on the wired Station Router network, a separate router (connected to the Ethernet side of the Access Point) is

required. This mode would be used where multiple Ethernet devices will be connected to a single Model 195E in a

mobile client application and the connected Ethernet devices will need to be accessible from the Access Point’s LAN

network.

3. Station Masquerade Mode The Station Masquerade mode is another case multiple devices will be connected to a single ESTeem in a mobile or

client application. However, unlike the Station Router mode, the Station Masquerade will consolidate all connected

Ethernet devices to a single IP address on the network. The devices connected to the Station Masquerade 195E will be

able to access information from both the wireless and wired LAN, but will be inaccessible the other way similar in

application to a firewall. This mode would be used where multiple Ethernet devices will be connected to a single Model

195E in a mobile application and the IP addresses for each device will be hidden from the LAN connected to the Access

Point. See Figure 4.

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

RS-232 Serial Applications

The ESTeem 195E is installed with an RS-232 data port for serial data applications run over the broadband link (Figure

6). The serial over broadband network can be used in a po int-to-point or p oint-to-multi-point application for networking

serial (RS-232C) devices, providing serial connections to legacy hardware in a new Ethernet network or providing for

high-bandwidth devices (such as Video or Voice over IP) in an existing serial network.

Access Point

Bridge with

Repeater Mode

RS-232 Data

Remote Site

Remote Site & Repeater

Access Point

Bridge with

Repeater Mode

RS-232 Data

ne-

ght

ath

Access Point Bridge with Repeater Mode

RS-232 Data

Note:

Antenna’s shown are for illustration purposes. There are many antenna options available depending on your application.

Remote Site

Figure 6: Multi-point Serial Diagram

Access Point

RS-232 Data

Access Point Bridge with Repeater Mode

Bridge with Repeater Mode

Remote PLC

NOTE:

Repeater may be standalone or attached to a network or device.

RS-232 Data

Master PLC

Access Point

Bridge with

Repeater

Mode

Repeater

To begin setup of your wireless Ethernet network, continue to Chapter 2 - Staring Out of t his User’s M anual.

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CHAPTER 2

STARTING OUT

OVERVIEW

There are three main phases to prepare the ESTeem 195E for operation in a wireless network:

Phase 1 - Determine the correct mode of operation for the ESTeem in the wireless network. The ESTeem 195E is a sophisticated networking device that can be configured for multiple modes of operation. Determining the correct mode of operation for the ESTeem 195E is the first step. Chapter 3 of this User’s Manual detail s the m odes of operati on and appli cations where each would be used.

Phase 2 - Program the ESTeem for operation in the wireless network. Once the correct mode of operation for the ESTeem has been determined, the 195E can be programmed for the wirel ess network. To simplify the programming of the Model 195E, ESTeem has created a new software utility called the ESTeem Network Configuration (ENC) Utility which is used to graphically configure the primary and backup communication routes between ESTeem 195E’s in the network. The ENC Utility can be installed from the ESTeem Resource Disk or from the ESTeem web site (www.esteem .com ). Chapter 4 (Utilities and Features) of this User’s Manual will guide you in the installation of the software and give a brief overview of operation of the ENC Utility, but a detailed User’s Guide is available both on the ESTeem Resource Disk and i n the Help secti on of the program i tself.

The ESTeem Model 195E can also be programmed through the internal Web interface (discussed in detail in Chapter 5) if you do not have access to the ENC Utility or your firmware version is older version 799.

Phase 3 - Install the ESTeem hardware and test communication. After the ESTeem Model 195E’s programming, inst all t he hardware in each remote location. Chapter 8 of this User’s Manual describes the antenna specifications, mounting options and the configuration of the pole mounting hardware for the ESTeem. For instructi ons on test ing and t roubleshooti ng the wirel ess li nk, refer to Appendi

MODEL 195E HARDWARE LAYOUT

To begin the configuration, unpack the ESTeem Model 195E shipping boxes and locate the items below for initial configuration. Take a few minutes to inventory your equipment before you proceed. Report any missing or damaged item s to Customer Support (509-735-9092) as soon as possible. Each node in your ESTeem Model 195E’s network may have different hardware components based upon the final installation location (i .e. Outdoor, Indoor, Poi nt-to-poi nt or M uti-Poi nt). Ante nna types, cable lengths, power supplies may be different, but the following items will be required for basic setup:

(AA01S Displayed)

Power Supply

(AA175 Displayed)

x E (Troubleshooting).

Model 195E

Antenna

AA109 Resource Disk

(2) Ethernet Cables

Serial Interface Cable

(AA6021.1)

Note: Your accessory model numbers may vary from the above, but you will need to locate each of above items to continue configuration.

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CHAPTER 2

STARTING OUT

Figure 1: 195E Front Panel Overview

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Figure 2: 195E Antenna Overview

CHAPTER 2

STARTING OUT

MODEL 195E HARDWARE CONFIGURATION

The following steps should be completed to begin configuration of the ESTeem Model 195E:

1. Connect the antenna to the antenna connector on the ESTeem Model 195E (Figure 3). For a single antenna use Antenna Port

A and connect both if using dual antennas.

Single Antenna

Configuration

Leave Open

2. Assemble the 195E hardware as shown in Figure 4.

Dual Antenna Configuration

Figure 3: Antenna Configuration Diagram

Technical Tips:

1. Configure the Model 195E prior to mounting.

2. Attach antenna to the Model 195E before powering up.

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Figure 4: Hardware Configuration Diagram

CHAPTER 3

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

MODES OF OPERATION

The ESTeem Model 195E is a sophisticated wireless networking device that can be configured for multiple modes of operation. Determining the correct mode of operation for the ESTeem is the first step in creating a reliable wireless network. This chapter will explain each mode of operation, provide example applications and detailed programming information for each mode. Please review the following modes of operations. If you do not see an example of your application, please contact ESTeem support at 509-735-9092 for help in selecting your mode of operation.

Ethernet Bridge Mode (AP Bridge)

The most commonly used mode of operation with the ESTeem Model 195E is the Ethernet bridge mode. The Ethernet bridge mode will connect two or more ESTeem 195E’s while passing all network traffic that arrives in both the wireless and connected Ethernet ports; including all global network traffic (Figure 1). This mode will work in most wireless applications of the 195E to wirelessly connect two or more remote Ethernet devices or networks. The Ethernet bridge mode is also used in repeating (Figure 2) and in self-healing Mesh networks (Figure 3) for fixed (non mobile) applications.

Example Applications

• Building to building remote wireless LAN networks

• Point to point wireless Ethernet communication devices

• Multi-point wireless Ethernet networks

• Remote Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) networks

• Redundant, self-healing Mesh networks

• Fixed locations with mobile ESTeem 195E’s

Applications Where Ethernet Bridge Mode Not Used

• Mobile applications (see Mobile Clients)

• Connections to large Ethernet traffic networks such as large office buildings or plant networks (see Router

modes)

Figure 1: Point to Point Example

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CHAPTER 3

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Figure 2: Ethernet Bridge with Repeater

Figure 3: Multipoint Bridge with Mesh Networking

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CHAPTER 3

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Router Modes (AP Router and AP Masquerade)

The ESTeem 195E can be configured as a network router or network firewall between the Ethernet LAN connection and the wireless network of remote locations. The router modes are used to limit the network traffic from a busy Ethernet network connection to only those specific IP address used on the wireless network (see Figure 4). The Ethernet router mode (AP Router) will allow bi-directional communication from the Ethernet LAN connection to the wireless network. The Ethernet firewall mode (AP Masquerade) will allow Ethernet devices in the wireless network to request information from the Ethernet LAN network and receive a response, but no traffic can be generated from the Ethernet LAN side.

Example Applications

• Wireless Ethernet networks connected to large company or plant Ethernet LAN networks (AP Router)

• Wireless Ethernet networks with a requirement for network isolation from the plant or company network

(AP Router)

• Shared Ethernet connection to direct Internet service (DSL, Cable, T1, etc.) (AP Masquerade) Applications Where Ethernet Router Mode Not Used

• Mobile applications (see Mobile Clients)

• Simple network connections only using a single IP network subnet (see Ethernet Bridge modes)

Figure 4: Router Mode Example

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CHAPTER 3

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Mobile Client Modes (EtherStation, Station Router or Station Masquerade)

The ESTeem 195E can also be configured to function as a mobile client. The client modes allow the 195E to seamlessly roam between fixed Access Points. These Access Points can either be ESTeem 195E wireless modems configured in one of the three Access Point modes (AP Bridge, AP Router or AP Masquerade – see above) or any IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) Access Point for the ESTeem 195Eg and 195Ea. The client modes will allow mobile Ethernet devices to connect to each other or to an Ethernet LAN through the fixed AP (Figure 5).

The EtherStation mode is used to connect a single Ethernet device to the ESTeem 195E. If you are connecting the 195E to multiple Ethernet devices in a mobile mode, the Station Router or Station Masquerade will be required. The Station Router will allow bi-directional communication between the Ethernet devices connected to the 195E and the wireless network, while the Station Masquerade will serve as a firewall on the Ethernet side.

Example Applications

• Mobile applications where the 195E will change links often between fixed Access Points

• Long range mobile client networks

• Public safety applications for police, fire and EMS

Applications Where Mobile Client Mode Not Used

• Fixed locations using Ethernet Bridging or Routing

• Wireless Ethernet networks with repeaters

Figure 5: Router Mode Example

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CHAPTER 3

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

802.11 Access Point Modes (AP Bridge, AP Router or AP Masquerade) (195Eg and 195Ea Only)

The ESTeem 195E can be configured as a high power 802.11 Access Point (AP). The IEEE 802.11g/b Access Point (AP) functionality is available in all three of the Access Point modes (AP Bridge, AP Router or AP Masquerade). The Access Point mode will provide either a single wireless connection (Figure 6) or overlapping coverage (Figure 7) to create a “canopy” of wireless coverage for 802.11 devices. The ESTeem 195E in AP mode can function as both an Ethernet bridge or router and 802.11 AP simultaneously (Figure 8).

Example Applications

• Industrial, long range 802.11 (Wi-Fi) networks

• Hybrid networks of Ethernet bridging/routing and mobile client access

Applications Where Access Point (AP) Mode Not Used

• Mobile applications

Figure 6: Single Access Point Network

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CHAPTER 3

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Figure 7: Overlapping Access Point Coverage

Figure 8: Access Point and Ethernet Bridge

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CHAPTER 3

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES

Once the mode of operation for the ESTeem has been determined, you are now ready to program the Model 195E for use. ESTeem has created a simplified network programming utility call the ESTeem Network Configuration (ENC) Utility. This ENC Utility will be used in all the following programming examples. For detailed instructions on installing the ENC Utility, please refer to the User’s Guide (found in the ESTeem Resource CD or Utility program itself) or Chapter 4 of this User’s Manual

Adding ESTeems to ENC Utility and Changing Name

Each of the example applications will use the following procedure to add and rename ESTeem 195E’s.

1. Consult the ENC Utility’s User Guide on how the create a new wireless network. Once you have a blank

network configuration page (Figure 9), select ESTeem from the menu items to display the drop down menu, then select New>New ESTeem.

Technical Tip: The ENC Utility calculates the

wireless link information based upon exact ESTeem serial numbers. The serial numbers listed in the following examples are for example only. Enter the correct ESTeem serial numbers for your application.

Figure 9: Adding ESTeem to Blank ENC Configuration Page

2. Enter in the ESTeem Model 195E serial numbers used for the

example (for example enter E-14000 in the Set Serial Number Box) and press the OK button (Figure 10). The ENC Utility will look up the ESTeem 195E’s serial number in the database and match the correct Wireless LAN MAC (WLAN MAC) address to the modem. This WLAN MAC address will be displayed above the modem symbol on the screen (Figure 11).

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Figure 10: Enter the Serial Number

CHAPTER 3

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Figure 11: Main Office ESTeem 195E

3. To change the name of the ESTeem 195E from the WLAN MAC address to “Main Office” (or any other location

name) to match the example configuration, Right-Mouse click on the ESTeem icon and select Change>Change Modem ID (Figure 12). Enter “Main Office” in the pop-up window and select OK.

4. Duplicate the above procedure for each ESTeem 195E added to the network.

Figure 12: Change Modem ID

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CHAPTER 3

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Ethernet Bridge Mode Example 1 (Figure 1)

Point to Point Ethernet Bridge (2) ESTeem Model 195E

Serial Numbers: E-14000 (Main Office) and E-14001 (Remote Office)

1. Add the two ESTeem Model 195Es to the network using the above procedure. Once both ESTeem 195Es are

on the configuration page, create a wireless link by clinking on one of the two connection boxes and dragging a line to the other modem (Figure 13).

5. Verify both ESTeem modems are connected

to the same switch as the computer running the ENC Utility and send the configuration to both modems at the same time by selecting ESTeem>ESTeem Configuration>Send Configuration to All ESTeems (Figure 14).

6. Once the ENC Utility has downloaded the

configuration for both ESTeem 195Es, the status box around the ESTeems will change from yellow to blue. This indicates that the configuration was completed successfully and the ESTeem 195Es are ready to be installed in the application.

Figure 13: Create Wireless Link

Figure 14: Send Configuration to ESTeems

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CHAPTER 3

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Ethernet Bridge Mode Example 2 (Figure 2)

Point to Point with Repeater Ethernet Bridge (3) ESTeem Model 195E

Serial Numbers: E-14000 (Main Office) E-14001 (Remote Office) E-14002 (Repeater)

1. Using the above procedure, enter the three

ESTeem 195Es into the ENC Utility. Your layout should appear like Figure 14.

2. Move the ESTeem 195E icons on the

screen to simulate the layout of the diagram. Draw connection lines between the modems to make the wireless link in the same order as the network layout (Figure 15).

3. Verify all ESTeem modems are connected to the same

switch as the computer running the ENC Utility and send the configuration to both modems at the same time by selecting ESTeem>ESTeem Configuration>Send Configuration to All ESTeems. Once the ENC Utility has downloaded the configuration for both ESTeem 195E’s, the status box around the ESTeem‘s will change from yellow to blue. This indicates that the configuration was completed successfully and the ESTeem 195E’s are ready to be installed in the application.

Figure 14: Example 2 Modems

Technical Tip: Although it does not matter

where the ESTeem icons are located on the screen, putting them in the same layout as the application makes it easier to visually verify the network connections.

Figure 15: Example 2 Layout

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CHAPTER 3

Ethernet Bridge Mode Example 3 (Figure 3)

Point to Multipoint with Mesh Repeater Links (6) ESTeem Model 195E

Serial Numbers: E-14000 (Main Office) E-14001 (Remote Office) E-14002 (Repeater) E-14003 (Remote Site 1) E-14004 (Remote Site 2) E-14005 (Remote Site 3)

1. Using the above procedure for adding

ESTeem Model 195Es, add the six ESTeem 195Es for this example and rename by location. Your layout should appear like Figure 16.

2. Move the ESTeem 195E icons on the screen

to simulate the layout of the diagram. Draw connection lines between the primary wireless links modems in the same order as the network layout (Figure 17).

Figure 16: Example 3 Modems

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Figure 15: Example 2 Layout

3. To create the backup link between Remote 1 and Remote 2 and the other backup link from Remote 2 to the

Remote Office, draw a wireless connection as you would on the primary link. Double-click on the line created. The Link Editor box will be displayed (Figure 16). Any Path Length greater than 1 will display as a dashed line

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EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Figure 16: Backup Link Configuration

indicating a backup link in the repeater Mesh configuration (Figure 17). For detailed instruction on Mesh network configuration, refer to Chapter 7 of this User’s Manual.

4. Verify all ESTeem modems

are connected to the same switch as the computer running the ENC Utility and send the configuration to all modems at the same time by selecting ESTeem>ESTeem Configuration>Send Configuration to All ESTeems. Once the ENC Utility has downloaded the configuration for both ESTeem 195E’s, the status box around the ESTeem‘s will change from yellow to blue. This indicates that the configuration was completed successfully and the ESTeem 195E’s are ready to be installed in the application.

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Figure 17: Mesh Network Configuration

CHAPTER 3

Ethernet Router Mode Example (Figure 4)

Point to Multipoint Router Mode (4) ESTeem Model 195E

Serial Numbers: E-14000 (Router at Network) E-14001 (Remote Site 1) E-14002 (Remote Site 2) E-14003 (Remote Site 3)

1. Using the above procedure for adding

ESTeem Model 195Es, add the four ESTeem 195Es for this example and rename by location. Your layout should appear like Figure 18.

2. Move the ESTeem 195E icons on the

screen to simulate the layout of the diagram. Draw connection lines between the wireless links modems in the same order as the network layout (Figure 19).

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Figure 18: Router Mode Example Modems

Figure 19: Router Example Layout

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EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

3. By default, the ENC Utility sets all ESTeem modems in AP Bridge

mode. To change the Plant Router ESTeem to AP Router mode, double-click on the icon to bring up the ESTeem Summary window and press the Edit button (Figure 20).

4. Change the Mode of Operation from AP Bridge to AP Router

(or Masquerade if desired) and press the Next button at the bottom of the window (Figure 21).

Figure 20: ESTeem Summary Page

Figure 21: AP Router Configuration

5. Continue through the configuration screens setting the AP

Router addressing to match the IP address ranges for your network. For help with setting the router addressing please refer to Router Address Examples later in this chapter. You will end on the screen in Figure 22. Press the Finish button to return to the configuration page.

6. Verify all ESTeem modems are connected to the same switch

as the computer running the ENC Utility and send the configuration to all modems at the same time by selecting ESTeem>ESTeem Configuration>Send Configuration to All ESTeems. Once the ENC Utility has downloaded the configuration for both ESTeem 195Es, the status box around the ESTeems will change from yellow to blue. This indicates that the configuration was completed successfully and the ESTeem 195Es are ready to be installed in the application.

Figure 22: ESTeem Summary Page

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EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

Mobile Client Mode Example (Figure 5)

EtherStation, Station Router and Station Masquerade Modes (3) ESTeem Model 195E

Serial Numbers: E-14000 (EtherStation) E-14001 (Station Router) E-14002 (Station Masquerade)

Setting the ESTeem for Mobile Client (station) mode with the ENC Utility is different than the Bridge/Router or Access Point (AP) modes. ESTeem modems configured in as a Mobile Client will not link with a specific fixed modem; but will roam between any 802.11 Access Point with the correct Network Name (SSID) and Encryption. The ESTeem configured as a client is also not set on a specific operating frequency (channel) but will scan all channels looking for the AP. Use the following procedure to configure an ESTeem 195E in one of the three mobile client modes:

1. Starting a new network of ESTeem 195Es in

Mobile Client mode is the same as any of the Bridge modes except when you are asked for the frequency (channel) of operation, select “Station” (Figure 23).

2. Add the three mobile client modems to the ENC

Utility configuration page as instructed above and set the Modem ID to match the three modes of operation. Your configuration will appear as in Figure 24.

Figure 23: Station

Technical Tip: The ESTeem 195E’s in Mobile

Client modes do not have a specific frequency of operation as can be seen in Figure 24.

Figure 24: Station Mode Example Modems

EtherStation

3. By default, the ENC Utility sets all station mode ESTeem

modems to EtherStation mode. The only adjustment necessary to the EtherStation modem in our example is to enter the connected Ethernet device’s MAC address. The ESTeem 195E will “clone” the Ethernet MAC address of the connected Ethernet device. To configure the EtherStation modem, double-click on the icon to bring up the ESTeem Summary window and press the Edit button (Figure 20).

4. EtherStation mode should be selected in the Mode of

Operation. Press the Next button at the bottom of the window to continue. Enter the connected Ethernet device’s MAC address in the “Device MAC Address” box (Figure 25) and press the Next button at the bottom of the window to continue.

Figure 25: MAC Address Entry

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EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

5. Verify the encryption settings are correct for the

802.11 AP network in which the EtherStation modem will be working and press the Finish button to return to the configuration page.

Station Router and Station Masquerade

6. To configure the two other modems, double-click on

their icons to bring up the ESTeem Summary window and press the Edit button (Figure 20).

7. Select Station Router for E-14001 and Station

Masquerade for E-14002 in the Mode of Operation (Figure 26). Press the Next button at the bottom of the window to continue.

8. Continue through the configuration screens setting the

Station Router/Masquerade addressing to match the IP address ranges for your network. For help with setting the router addressing please refer to Router Address Examples later in this chapter.

9. Verify the encryption settings are correct for the

802.11 AP network in which the EtherStation modem will be working and press the Finish button to return to the configuration page.

10. Verify all ESTeem modems are connected to the same switch as the computer running the ENC Utility and

send the configuration to all modems at the same time by selecting ESTeem>ESTeem Configuration>Send Configuration to All ESTeems. Once the ENC Utility has downloaded the configuration for both ESTeem 195Es, the status box around the ESTeems will change from yellow to blue. This indicates that the configuration was completed successfully and the ESTeem 195Es are ready to be installed in the application.

802.11 Access Point Modes (Figures 6-8)

Access Point Bridge, Router or Masquerade Modes Configuring the ESTeem 195E as an Access Point

for 802.11 clients (as seen Figures 6-8) is exactly the same as configuration for AP Bridge, AP Router and AP Masquerade as shown above. The only difference being that a wireless link is only added between ESTeem 195Es where a wireless connection is necessary. In figures 6 and 7 there would be no wireless link listed in the ENC Utility. In figure 8, the configuration would be exactly as shown in Figure 2 with the addition of the mobile clients in the network.

The 802.11 clients will use the SSID configured during the setup of the network with the ENC Utility. The encryption will be set at the factory default settings for clients (WPA PSK). To adjust the encryption type, right-mouse click on the ESTeem icon and select Change>Change ESTeem

Figure 27: Encryption Configuration

Figure 26: Mode of Operation Selection

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Encryption (Figure 27).

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

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EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

ROUTER ADDRESSING EXAMPLES

The following are examples of the IP addressing and subnets required for the ESTeem Router modes.

Point to Point Access Point Router to Station Router

AP Router

Wireless IP Address: 172.16.1.6 Netmask: 255.255.0.0

Default Route: 172.17.1.6 Ethernet IP Address: 1 72.17.1.6 Netmask: 255.255.0.0

Wireless I P Address: 172.16.2.22 Netmask: 255.255.0.0

Default Route: 172.16.1.6

Eth ernet IP Address: 172.20.2.22 Netmask: 255.255.0.0

Stat ion Router

Static Route: 172.20.0.0

255.255.0.0

gateway: 172.16.2.22

Device IP address: 172.17.X.X Netmask: 255.255.0.0 Default gateway 172.17.1.6

Figure 28: AP Router Addressing Example

Device IP address: 172.20.X.X Netmask: 255.255.0.0 Default gateway 172.20.2.22

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Stand-Alone Access Point Router and Single Station Router

Computer

IP Address = 172.17.1.1

Netmask = 255.255.0.0

Default Route = 172.17.1.6

Note: Wireless Networks and

Station Devices Must Be on

Separate Subnets

EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS

ESTeem 195E in Access Point Router

Mode

Ethernet IP Address = 172.17.1.6

Wireless IP Address 172.16.1.6

Netmask = 255.255.0.0

Default Route = 172.17.1.6

Static Routes

Routes for 172.18.0.0 network use

gateway 172.16.2.20

ESTeem 195E in Station

Router Mode Netmask 255.255.0.0 Wireless IP Address

172.16.2.20

Ethernet IP Address

172.18.2.20

Gateway(Route)

172.16.1.6

Figure 29: Station Router Addressing Example

Connected Ethernet Devices

IP Address 172.18.X.X

Netmask 255.255.0.0

Gateway (Route) =

172.18.2.20

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Stand-Alone Access Point Router with Multiple Station Routers

ESTeem 195E in Station Router Mode Netmask 255.255.0.0

Wireless IP Address

172.16.2.21

Ethernet IP Address

172.19.2.20

Gateway(Route)

172.16.1.6

Connected Ethernet

Devices

IP Address 172.19.X.X

Netmask 255.255.0.0

Gateway (Route) =

172.19.2.20

ESTeem 195E in Station Router Mode Netmask 255.255.0.0 Wireless IP Address 172.16.2.20 Ethernet IP Address

172.18.2.20

Gateway(Route) 172.16.1.6

Connected Ethernet

Devices

IP Address 172.18.X.X

Netmask 255.255.0.0

Gateway (Route) =

172.18.2.20

ESTeem 195E in Access Point Router

Ethernet IP Address = 172.17.1.6

Wireless IP Address 172.16.1.6

Netmask = 255.255.0.0

Default Route = 172.17.1.6

ESTeem 195E in Access Point

Bridge IP Address = 172.16.1.7

Default Route = 172.16.1.6

Connected Ethernet Devices

Gateway (Route) = 172.16.1.6

Blockage

Mode

Bridge Mode

Netmask = 255.255.0.0

IP Address 172.16.X.X

Netmask 255.255.0.0

Blockage

ESTeem 195E in

Station Router

Mode

Netmask 255.255.0.0

Wireless IP Address

172.16.2.22

Ethernet IP Address

172.20.2.20

Gateway(Route)

172.16.1.6

Connected Ethernet

Devices

IP Address

172.20.X.X Netmask

255.255.0.0

Gateway (Route) =

172.20.2.20

Note: Wireless Networks

and Station Devices

Must Be on Separate

Subnets

Routes for 172.18.0.0 network use gateway 172.16.2.20 Routes for 172.19.0.0 network use gateway 172.16.2.21 Routes for 172.20.0.0 network use gateway 172.16.2.22

Routes for 172.16.0.0 network use gateway 172.16.1.6

Static Routes

Figure 30: Complete Router Addressing Example

Connected Ethernet Devices

IP Address 172.17.X.X

Netmask 255.255.0.0

Gateway (Route) = 172.17.1.6

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

ESTeem Network Configuration Utility (ENC)

The ESTeem Network Configuration (ENC) Utility is a software program designed to greatly simplify the configuration of your ESTeem Model 195E wireless Ethernet network. The ENC Utility will allow graphical, point-and-click configuration of your network routing, then configure each ESTeem wireless modem for the network as designed (Figure 1). The ENC Utility will eliminate the need to program or update each ESTeem wireless modem individually. The ENC Utility can send all wireless modem configuration changes simultaneously to a new or existing network.

Figure 1: ESTeem Network Configuration Utility

The ENC Utility will be used for all wireless network programming in this User’s Manual. For detailed instructions on the use of the ESTeem Network Configuration (ENC) Utility please refer the ENC Utility User’s Guide available on the ESTeem Resource CD or in the application itself.

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

ESTEEM DISCOVERY UTILITY

The ESTeem Discovery Utility will allow you to configure the IP address on the Model 195E to match your network regardless of its current IP subnet. This utility will also allow you to update the software in the 195E and open the web configuration for that wireless modem.

Installation

To install the Discovery Utility on your computer, insert the Resource Disk in your CD drive.

Note: The ESTeem Resource Disk is a stand-

alone copy of the ESTeem Web site (Figure 2). Navigation of the Resource Disk is as simple as using your web browser. All technical documentation, User’s Manuals and the ESTeem Utility Program are available on the disk.

1. Place the ESTeem Utility CD in your CD-ROM drive. The CD will auto load the ESTeem main page

Note: If the page does not auto load, open your web browser and set your address line to D:\index.html

(Where D: is the drive letter for your CD-ROM drive).

2. From the Main Page select

ESTeem Utilities and click on ESTeem Discovery Utility (Figure 3).

Figure 2: ESTeem Resource Main Page

Figure 3: Discovery Utility Download

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

Note: This program is saved in a compressed file format.

3. Double click on the 195EDiscoverySetup<Current Version>.exe file listed in the window to install the program.

Figure 4: Discovery Program Main Page

4. Connect the Model 195E to your computer either directly to the Ethernet card or through a HUB/Switch using a CAT-5e Ethernet cable. The Ethernet port on the 195E supports Auto-Negotiation, so either a patch cable or crossover cable will work. Open the ESTeem Discovery Program and press the Model 195E will be displayed in the program by the Ethernet MAC address and Current IP Address (Figure 4).

Note: The SSID, Mode of Operation and Modem ID will be adjusted through the ENC Utility or the Web

Configuration Manager...

5. Double-click on the 195E you want to program and the Configure IP Address window will be displayed (Figure 5). Enter an IP address and Subnet Mask for the 195E that matches your network subnet and press the save this to the ESTeem. You will receive notification that the Configuration was Successful and the 195E will reboot.

Discover Modems button. The

OK button to

Figure 5: Change IP Address Window

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

Firmware Updates

To update firmware on any ESTeem Model 195 that is shown on the Discovery program, “right-mouse” click on the 195’s MAC address and select button and the 195 will update, validate and then reboot with the updated operating system.

Figure 6: Discovery Features Menu

Opening Web Browser

To quickly open a web browser page to the IP address programmed in the 195 modem, “right-mouse” click on the 195’s MAC address and select IP subnet at the ESTeem 195 wireless modem, you will be asked to sign in with the Username and Password (Figure 7). You can now begin programming the Model 195 for your application.

Update from the menu (Figure 6). Once you locate the update file, select the Open

Open Browser from the menu (Figure 6). If your computer is configured for the same

Figure 7: ESTeem Web Page Log-on Screen

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

ETHERSTATION STATUS PROGRAM

When configured for EtherStation mode, the Web Configuration Manger is turned off. To gather information from the 195E on Access Point, link status and received signal strength you will need to install the ESTeem 195E Status Utility. The EtherStation Status Utility version 2.0.0.0 or greater provides a new feature that will automatically program the connected ESTeem 195E to match up with the computer running the software. This software requires the ESTeem 195E to have software version 302.8.102 or greater installed for this feature to function.

This software program is found on the AA109 Resources Disk or available from the ESTeem web site. To install the utility, please complete the following:

Installation

The ESTeem Discovery Utility will allow you to configure the IP address on the Model 195E to match your network. Install the Discovery Utility on your computer by inserting the Resource Disk in your CD drive.

Note: The ESTeem Resource Disk is a stand-alone copy of the ESTeem Web site (Figure 1). Navigation of the

Resource Disk is as simple as using your web browser. All technical documentation, User’s Manuals and the ESTeem Utility Program are available on the disk.

1. Place the ESTeem Utility CD in your CD-ROM drive. The CD will auto load the ESTeem main page.

Note: If the page does not auto load, open your web browser and set your address line to D:\index.html

(Where D: is the drive letter for your CD-ROM drive).

2. From the Main Page select

Note: This program is saved in a compressed file format. Microsoft Windows XP® will open the file directly,

but other operating systems will require a common compression program such as WinZip available for download at

3. Double click on the 195EStatusSetup.exe file listed in the window to install the program.

4. Connect the Model 195E to your computer either directly to the Ethernet card or through a Switch using a CAT-5e Ethernet cable. The Ethernet port on the 195E supports Auto-Negotiation so either a patch cable or crossover cable will work. Open the ESTeem Status Program. Status icons will appear in your system tray (Figure 8). When the status menu is opened from the system tray, the status window will be displayed (Figure 8) to show the Access Point MAC address and signal strength. The tray icon and Signal Strength bar will display the colors from Green, Yellow to Red on progressively poorer signal or will show Grey if roaming.

Note: This Utility will only operate with an ESTeem

Model 195E in EtherStation mode.

http://www.winzip.com

ESTeem Utilities and click on EtherStation Status Utility

Figure 8: EtherStation Status Program

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

SETTING LOCAL TIME

The ESTeem Model 195E will be shipped from the factory with the internal real-time clock set to Pacific Time. To change the clock settings to the local time for accurate log file entries:

1. Select Advanced from the top

Menu, then Wireless LAN Settings>wlan0 device. Press the (Figure 9).

2. Select Global Settings>Set

System Time from the menu and press the continue.

3. Select the correct date and

time from the drop-down menus (Figure 10) and press

Set System Time button to

the save the time to the real time clock.

Next button

Next button to

Figure 9: Advanced Features Screen

Figure 10: Advanced Features Screen

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

CONFIGURING TIME SERVER

Enabling NTP time synchronization services on the ESTeem 195E will allow usage of time services from upstream services to keep the time on the system accurate.

To allow time synchronization, the Model 195E must be configured with the NTP Daemon enabled and the appropriate IP address of the upstream network NTP server.

1. Select Advanced from the menu items and Global Variables (Figure 11).

Figure 11: Advanced Settings Menu

2. Press the

configurations.

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Next button and Figure 11 will be displayed. At the bottom of the page are the NTP server

CHAPTER 4

UTILITIES & FEATURES

3. The NTP daemon is enabled by selecting YES for NTP ENABLE (Figure 12). When enabled, the NTP

daemon will use time services from upstream services to keep the time on this system accurate.

4. Next, the NTP SERVICE ENABLE should be configured to “YES,” if you want to allow the system to provide

NTP service for clients wishing time synchronization (Figure 12).

Figure 12: NTP Settings

5. The final step in configuring NTP services is to enter the IP address or the host name of the upstream NTP

server.

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

6. Once configuration is complete, press the Return to Advanced button.

7. To complete the configuration, select “Commit and Reboot.” The ESTeem 195E will now commit the

configuration changes and reboot. (Figure 13)

Figure 13: Advanced Settings Menu

VLAN OPERATION

Virtual LAN (VLAN) systems are rapidly becoming the desired configuration on larger Ethernet networks. The ESTeem 195E software will allow the Ethernet modems to transparently pass the VLAN packets for these networks. The 195E currently can not be used as a VLAN switch, but will pass VLAN tagged Ethernet packets through the wireless bridge.

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

IGMP SNOOPING

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Snooping allows the ESTeem 195E to operate more efficiently in networks with high Multicast (UDP, etc.) traffic. IGMP Snooping will define the destination for the Multicast traffic and send the data to the correct wireless Ethernet modem, not the entire network. This limiting of Multicast traffic to specific destinations greatly increases the overall network efficiency.

The problem with using multicast traffic over a wireless connection is that multicast packets do not require an Acknowledge on the protocol layer. If the wireless network misses a data packet on the RF network, that multicast data packet is lost.

Theory of Operation

There are two types of Ethernet packets on a network, unicast and multicast. Unicast is intended for exactly one recipient (and ignored by all others). Multicast is intended to be received by multiple recipients. Interested parties can listen for particular multicast packets, but most nodes ignore it. In any case, the network medium is still utilized no matter how many nodes are listening. Broadcast packets are a special type of multicast traffic which all nodes always receive. These are particularly useful for global announcements (Hey, I'm Alice!) and queries (Hey, I'm Alice and I'm looking for Bob!). More relevantly, it is how hosts on a network find out each other's addresses, and are absolutely crucial to the proper functioning of a network.

As the network grows physically, it encounters some growing pains. The first is more physical, relating to the cabling limitations. Bridges solve this problem by joining two physical networks together so they appear to be a single large network. Through use of bridges, a network can scale to hundreds or even thousands of hosts. There is a downside, however. Well before the physical limitations of bridging hit, you start to run into efficiency problems, as all traffic has to travel everywhere on the network. The raw carrying capacity of this shared medium, often referred to as bandwidth, is the second scaling problem.

Smart bridges, or switches, help alleviate the bandwidth problem by only passing traffic across the bridge if the destination host was on the other side. This greatly increases the capacity and efficiency of the network by allowing two pairs of hosts communicating simultaneously on each side of the switched bridge. Only when the packet needs to go to the other side is both mediums utilized simultaneously for the same packet.

Unfortunately, broadcast and multicast traffic by its very nature must always be relayed across the bridge. While the number of network nodes may grow linearly, the multicast traffic tends to grow exponentially. This isn't generally a problem for wired networks, as they have a considerable amount of bandwidth to spare, but wireless networks have, at best, an order of magnitude less bandwidth to begin with. If a wireless network is bridged with a wired network, while the absolute numbers are the same, a much higher proportion of the wireless network’s available bandwidth is used up by multicast traffic. This effect is further magnified if multiple wireless repeaters are in use.

The preferred way of dealing with excess multicast traffic is to put the wireless network on a different sub-network (subnet) and use a router to join it to the wired network. This ensures that only unicast traffic intended for the wireless network crosses over, as multicast and broadcast traffic stays within its local subnet. Normally this is fine, but there are times where you need multicast traffic to span subnets. For IP traffic, this can be obviated by using a multicastcapable router, but for legacy multicast protocols that were not designed to be routed, another solution must be found.

There are two primary types of communication networks used in wireless Ethernet systems; fixed points communicating to each other through an Ethernet Bridge and mobile devices communicating to these fixed points. The fixed point Ethernet bridge communication in the 195E is through Repeater Peer links, while the mobile communication is from the Client modes (EtherStation, Station Router and Station Masquerade) to the Access Points (Fixed Locations) in the network. Each of these networks handles Multicast traffic differently as explained below.

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

Ethernet Bridge Mode (Repeater Peers)

When the ESTeem 195E is configured as a repeater peer, all multicast traffic is “wrapped” in a Unicast frame and sent to all other repeater peers. (Figure 14) This operation allows the ESTeem network to receive an acknowledge packet and retransmit the data if the packet is lost during transmission. This unicast encapsulation will work regardless if the protocol can support IGMP or not.

Figure 14: Repeater Peer Operation

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

Ethernet Bridge Mode (Repeater Peers) With IGMP Snooping

When the ESTeem 195E is configured as a repeater peer, IGMP Snooping is enabled and the network supports IGMP protocol, the 195E will begin to identify the connected Ethernet devices using Multicast transmissions and report this information to the network. As this process continues, all sites that have Multicast traffic on the wireless network will only send these requests to the specific ESTeem reporting the Ethernet device (see Figure 15).

Figure 15: Repeater Peer with IGMP Enabled

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

Client Modes

When the ESTeem 195E is configured as a mobile client (EtherStation, Station Router or Station Masquerade), there are two configurations that will increase the reliability of Multicast traffic. The first phase is encapsulation of the multicast packets, as described in the Repeater Peer, and the second is IGMP Snooping if the network will support the protocol. The encapsulation of the Multicast packets will operate regardless of the IGMP support to increase the reliability.

Figure 16: Unicast Packet to All Clients

Figure 17: Unicast Packet to Single Client

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

Multicast Encapsulation

To enable Multicast Encapsulation, select Advanced>Wireless LAN Settings>wlan0 device and press the Button (Figure 18). Select wlan0_EncapsulateMulitcast to either Multicast (for all Multicast including Broadcast) or Broadcast (Broadcast only). Press the

Accept Button and then Commit and Reboot.

Figure 18: Multicast Enable

Enabling IGMP Snooping

To enable the ESTeem 195E for IGMP Snooping, select (Figure 19). Select IGMP Snoop to YES, press the

Accept Button and then Commit and Reboot.

Advanced>Bridge Variables and press the Next Button

Figure 19: Repeater Peer with IGMP Enabled

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UTILITIES & FEATURES

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

The ESTeem 195E supports SNMP Version 1 (SNMPv1) and Version 2 (SNMPv2c) protocol. This protocol enables any SNMP server to view the status of the wireless network while the system is in operation. The following are a list of the Management Information Base (MIB) items that are supported in the ESTeem 195E and their MIB location:

MIB Name MIB Directory Location Notes

System Temperature EST-MIB::sysInternalTemp.0 in C * 1000

HOST-RESOURCES-

Uptime ModemID EST-MIB::sysIdentifier.0 User-specified “nickname” for ESTeem Serial Number EST-MIB::sysSerialNumber.0 ESTeem serial number Model EST-MIB::sysModel.0 ESTeem model number Firmware Version EST-MIB::sysFirmwareRevision.0 Firmware revision System Mode EST-MIB::sysMode.0 AP_BRIDGE/STA_ETHERSTA, etc Free Memory UCD-SNMP-MIB::memTotalFree.0 Total Free Memory Idle CPU UCD-SNMP-MIB::ssCpuIdle.0 Percentage of CPU Idle

[[ per-interface ]]

IP Address IF-MIB::ifAddress Port Speed IF-MIB::ifSpeed In bps Port Status IF-MIB::ifOperStatus Mac Address IF-MIB::ifPhysAddress

MIB::hrSystemUptime.0

System Update

[[ per-wlandev entry ]] EST-MIB::wirelessDevicesNumber.0 Wireless Port Identification

Device Name EST-MIB::wirelessDeviceTable.1.wName.1 Name of device (wlan0 standard)

ESTMIB::wirelessDeviceTable.1.wMacAddress.

MAC Address Mode EST-MIB::wirelessDeviceTable.1.wMode.1

Frequency EST-MIB::wirelessDeviceTable.1.wFreq.1 Frequency in MHz Bandwidth

SSID EST-MIB::wirelessDeviceTable.1.wSSID.1 Service Set Identification BSSID EST-MIB::wirelessDeviceTable.1.wBSSID.1 Basic Service Set Identification

Operational Rates Basic Rates

Revised: 19 Oct 12 4-15 EST P/N AA107E

ESTMIB::wirelessDeviceTable.1.wBandwidth.1

ESTMIB::wirelessDeviceTable.1.wOpRates.1 ESTMIB::wirelessDeviceTable.1.wBasRates.1

MAC address of WLAN port Current Mode ap=access point, sta=station mode and airscope

Bandwidth (5, 10, or 20 MHz if used)

List of RF Data Rates in Rate Set List of RF Basic Rates for status messages

CHAPTER 4

UTILITIES & FEATURES

All entries in the Peer Table will have a device entry index, both ESTeem and

[[ peer table entry ]]

EST-MIB::wirelessPeersNumber.0 Total number of peer entries in table

wlan device EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pDevice.1 Peer MAC Address EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pMacAddr.1 MAC address of peer isRepeater? EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pRepeater.1 Is the peer an ESTeem repeater isAP? EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pAP.1 Is the peer an Access Point isAssocSta? EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pAssoc.1 Is the peer an Mobile Client isAdhoc? EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pAdhoc.1 Is the peer an AdHoc Station (802.11 only) Frequency EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pFreq.1 Frequency in MHz current rate set EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pCurRates.1 Current Operating Rates last rx signal EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pSignal.1 Receive Signal in –dBm last rx noise EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pNoise.1 Background Noise in –dBm BSSID EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pBssid.1 Basic Service Set ID (In Hex) SSID EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pSSID.1 SSID in Text isValid? EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pCurrent.1 True if peer info is for a “current” peer.

last rx EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pLastRxl.1 last tx EST-MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pLastTx.1

EST-

current tx rate

Downloading MIB Tables

To download the MIB items listed above and import into your SNMP server, log into any ESTeem 195E and select the About page (Figure 20). Press the Download

MIB::wirelessPeerTable.1.pCurrentRate.1

MIB Files hyperlink on the page and save the files to your computer.

other wireless devices

index into the wirelessDeviceTable (each entry will have a unique number

seconds since last received packet from peer seconds since last transmitted packet to peer

current tx rate in bps.

Figure 20: MIB Table Download

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CHAPTER 5

WEB CONFIGURATION

The ESTeem Model 195E Web Configuration Manager is an internal web server that will allow setup, monitoring and diagnostics of all operating parameters in the Model 195E. The 195E can be configured using any current web browser software such as Internet Explorer, Mozilla, FireFox or Google Chrome®.

LOGGING ON TO THE ESTeem WEB PAGE

1. Using your Web Browser connect to the Model 195E Web Page with the IP Address that you have assigned it in Chapter 3.

2. You will now see the Log-on Menu on Figure 1. To enter the Model 195E Top Menu you will need to log into the system with a User Name and Password.

3. For the User Name enter admin and press the Enter key (<Enter>). The User Name is defined at the factory and is not changeable.

4. Enter your Password and press the Enter key (<Enter>).

Note: If this is the first time the Model 195E has been

programmed and the Password was not changed from the factory default values, proceed with the steps below to access the Configuration Menu. The factory default Password is also admin. Enter admin for the Password and press the Enter key (<Enter>). All characters are lower case.

5. After Log-in the next screen displayed will be the Model 195E Top Menu page (Figure 2). This example screen shows the Top Menu screen.

Note: Throughout the Configuration Manager are Help Screens that can be accessed for further information

on each item.

Figure 1: ESTeem Web Page Log-on Screen

Figure 2: Top Menu Screen

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CHAPTER 5

WEB CONFIGURATION

WEB CONFIGURATION MANAGER SECTIONS

The following sections will describe the features in each of the main and sub menu items in the web pages. For stepby-step examples of how to configure the Model 195E in different Modes of Operation, please refer to Chapter 3 – Example Applications.

Top Menu

The Top Menu will be the default web page for the Model 195E Web Configuration Manager (Figure 2). This section will display the current configuration summary for the Model 195E and allow changing of the default password. This page will also display the Modem ID field that can be used to easily identify the 195E you are programming. This Modem ID field can be set to any text combination for example, location name, GPS coordinates or addresses.

Setting the Modem ID

1. The Modem ID field can be adjusted under the Global Variables of the Advanced Menu tab. Select Global Variables and press the Next button. Figure 3 will be displayed.

2. Scroll to the bottom of the Global Variables window and enter the text you would like displayed in the Modem ID field (Figure 4). When complete, press the Save Settings button and the Commit Changes button on the next screen to save the name to the 195E.

Figure 3: Global Variables Screen

Figure 4: Modem ID Field in Global Variables Screen

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CHAPTER 5

WEB CONFIGURATION

Status Menu

The Status Menu provides a summary of the current mode of operation, system time, processor usage, internal temperature and status of the communication links to other wireless devices. An example is shown below in Figure 5. Most of the communication troubleshooting is done in this section of the Web Configuration Manager.

Figure 5: Status Screen

Peer Status Table

The Peer Status submenu lists the connected wireless devices (Model 195E’s or 802.11 clients), their signal strength, data rate and time of last packet sent. Press the displayed (Figure 6). For a detailed analysis of the information provided in this table, please review Appendix E – Troubleshooting.

Revised: 19 Oct 12 5-3 EST P/N AA107E

View Peer Table link and Repeater Peer Status Table will be

CHAPTER 5

WEB CONFIGURATION

Associated Station – This section will list all the associated stations that are attached to the Access Point. These could be other Model 195E’s in one of the three Client modes or 802.11 devices.

Repeater Peers – This section will list all connected 195E repeater peers by their Wireless MAC address. For detailed information on repeaters, see Chapter 6 – Repeating Features.

Access Points – This section will list all other 802.11 Access Points that are sharing the operating channel (frequency) of the 195E. You can also note that the Repeater Peers listed above are also included in this list.

Figure 6: Peer Table Screen

Counter Details

The Counter Details submenu will summarize all transmitted and receive data packets for the Model 195E (Figure 5).

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CHAPTER 5

WEB CONFIGURATION

System Log Screen

The Log Screen is a trouble-shooting tool that shows the current log of Model 195E system messages. See Figure 7. The System Details button will display a more detailed system diagnostics that may be requested by ESTeem technical support.

Figure 7: System Log Screen

Setup Screen

The Setup screen allows the step-by-step configuration of the Model 195E. Please see Chapter 5 for complete description on System Setup menu and examples for system configurations. See Figure 8.

Figure 8: Setup Screen

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CHAPTER 5

WEB CONFIGURATION

Advanced Configuration Screen

The Advanced screen allows the user to access all configuration parameters. The parameters are grouped based upon their variable. It is recommended that only advanced users of the Model 195E enter this section unless

instructed by ESTeem technical support. See Figure 9.

Figure 9: Advanced Features Screen

Backup Screen

The Backup Screen saves the current configuration in the Model 195E to a file on the computer or network. See Figure 10. Pressing the Backup Button will create a configuration file that can be saved to the computer. This saved file can then be later opened, if necessary, by the Restore menu to quickly replace a Model 195E with a spare modem.

Figure 10: Backup Screen

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CHAPTER 5

WEB CONFIGURATION

Restore Screen

The Restore screen is used to restore the 195E to factory defaults, return to the last saved configuration or to access the configuration files that were backed up to the computer. See Figure 11.

Figure 11: Restore Setting Screen

Factory Default – Returns the Model 195E to all factory default values. Last Committed Changes – This button will remove any changes to the modem that have been done since the last

committed changes. The last committed changes will be read from the Flash file and reset in the Model 195E. File – Pressing this button will bring up a selection of where the restore file was saved during the Backup (Figure 12).

Select “Upload via web browser” to browse for files saved on a local computer or select “Download from an http or ftp URL” for files saved on a network or over the Internet.

Figure 12: Restore From Local File Screen

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CHAPTER 5

WEB CONFIGURATION

Software Update Screen

The Software Update feature allows the user to update the latest Model 195E operating system software from a file supplied by the factory or the Internet to the Model 195E’s flash memory. To upload from a file on your computer, select Upload via web browser and a file selection window will be displayed. To upload directly from the Internet, select Download from an http or ftp URL and enter the site address. See Figure 13.

Figure 13: Software Update Screen

System Reboot Screen

The Reboot screen allows the user to reset the Model 195E. See Figure 14.

Figure 14: System Reboot Screen

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CHAPTER 6

SERIAL APPLICATIONS

USING THE RS-232 PROGRAMMING PORT

Any terminal emulation program that can run with VT100 emulation can be used for this configuration of the ESTeem. Most Windows users will probably use either Hyper Terminal or the Terminal Emulation in the ESTeem Utility program. Configure your RS-232C port for a Baud Rate to 38,400, Data Bits to 8, Parity to None, Stop Bits to 1 and Handshaking to None. Set the Emulation type to VT100. Once your ESTeem has an IP address, you can attach the ESTeem to your network and use the Web Server for further programming.

Programming Using the RS-232 Port

When configuring the Model 195E for the first time you can use the ESTeem RS-232C Configuration Menu to setup the basic operating parameters such as assigning the IP Address, IP Net Mask, and Gateway IP Address.

Connect the serial cable (EST P/N: AA0621.1) between the RS-232 connector (RJ-45) on the Model 195E’s programming port to the serial port on the computer.

Plug the Model AA175 or AA175.2 power supply into a wall socket and connect an Ethernet patch cable from the Model 195E Ethernet port to the J1 (Data&PWR) port on the power supply. The Power over Ethernet (PoE) LED on the front of the ESTeem should be illuminated.

If your computer is configured properly, you will see the ESTeem Model 195E booting sequence on your Terminal

Emulation program. Once the ESTeem boot sequence is complete (approximately 45 seconds) you will receive this message:

“Please press Enter to active this console.”

If you don’t see this message press the Reset button on the front panel of the Model 195E and/or check the programming of your RS-232 port.

Press the Enter key and you will be at the Configuration Menu 195E login prompt. See Figure 1. To enter the Model 195E Main Menu you will need to log into the system with a login name and password.

If this is not the first time configuration of the Model 195E, see your network systems administrator for the

7. password.

At the 195E login prompt type admin for the login name and press the

defined at the factory and is not changeable by the user. Note

that all characters are lower case.

If this is the first time the Model 195E has been programmed or the Password was not changed from the factory default values, the factory default password is also admin. Enter admin for the password and press the Enter key (<Enter>). The ESTeem Configuration Welcome Screen (Figure 2) will now be displayed. Note that all characters

are lower case.

Enter key (<Enter>). The login name is

Figure 1: RS-232 Port Log-in Screen

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CHAPTER 6

SERIAL APPLICATIONS

To set the IP address in the ESTeem 195E, type the letter “A” and press the Enter key. Enter the value for the IP address, Netmask and default route pressing the Enter key after each entry.

Figure 2: RS-232 Welcome Screen

After the basic parameters have been entered into the Model 195E you will need to commit the changes to the

10.

Model 195E (Figure 3). Press the C key and then Enter. The changes will be saved to flash memory. You can use programming features in the ESTeem Web Configuration Manager to configure the unit for your application.

Figure 3: RS-232 Welcome Screen

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CHAPTER 6

SERIAL APPLICATIONS

USING THE RS-232 DATA PORT

The ESTeem 195E has a serial data port that can provide RS-232 communication between two or more serial devices using the wireless broadband link. The serial data is encapsulated and transferred as a standard Ethernet packet over an operating 195E wireless Ethernet system. The configuration for a serial 195E network will be the same as an Ethernet or a serial (RS-232) based communication network.

The serial interface option can be used to link two or more serial devices in a new or existing system. The serial data has very little impact on the network bandwidth and will allow for both Ethernet and serial applications simultaneously. A possible application would be installation of the 195E in an existing serial based network that was looking for future upgrade to an Ethernet based system. Another would be using the high-bandwidth Ethernet connections to provide a link to remote video hardware while also providing a serial link to the existing PLC in a SCADA type application.

SERIAL CONNECTIONS

The RJ-45 serial data port is the far-left port on the face of the 195E (Figure 4). Using the ESTeem AA0621.1 interface cable, the 195E can be connected to a standard DTE-device (PC) with a male 9-pin Sub-D connector. The complete cable configuration is available in Appendix C – Interface Ports.

SERIAL CONFIGURATION

Configuration of the serial port is completed during the standard setup of the 195E. After completion of the Repeater Peer configuration screen, the Serial Port Setup screen (Figure 5) will be displayed. Each section in the Serial Port Setup screen is described in detail with the following:

Enable the RS-232 Data Port Enabling the serial data port allows the modem to send RS-232 data over the broadband wireless connection established with the ESTeem repeater peers. The modem can be configured in a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint system. Select Yes if you wish to enable the serial data port.

Mode of Operation There are two distinct modes of operation for the serial port in the 195E. The Redirector mode will provide two-way serial communication between two or more serial devices, while the Terminal Server mode will allow serial communication to a specific remote site by connecting through telnet or SSH. Select one of the following modes of operation:

Full Redirector Mode - This mode allows bi-directional RS-232 data communication with other ESTeem Model 195E’s. The RS-232 data transmission will appear transparent to the connected devices as if a serial cable is connected between the two ports. This mode will also be used in a multi-point serial network were all serial devices will need bidirectional communication (Figure 6).

Terminal Server Mode - This mode of operation translates RS-232 serial data into a network-oriented terminal protocol, such as telnet or SSH. This mode would be selected if an interactive RS-232 session at remote locations is desired over the wireless Ethernet link.

Baud Rate Select the data rate of the RS-232 connection to match your serial device.

Figure 4: 195E Front Panel Overview

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CHAPTER 6

SERIAL APPLICATIONS

Figure 5: Serial Configuration Screen

Data Bits Select the number of data bits on the RS-232 connection to match your serial device.

Stop Bits Select the number of stop bits on the RS-232 connection to match your serial device.

Parity Select the parity of the RS-232 connection to match your serial device.

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CHAPTER 6

SERIAL APPLICATIONS

Flow Control Select the type of data flow control used on the RS-232 connection. The ESTeem can support Hardware flow control (RTS/CTS control lines) or Software Flow Control (XON/XOFF). Select

Maximum Bridge Links for Multicast Packets This value sets the maximum number of Ethernet bridge links that the multicast packets will be sent through when used in a multi-point system. A multi-point serial network uses multicast packets (UDP) to send the data to more than one remote ESTeem. You want to limit the number of network bridge links that these UDP packets will be passed through to make the network more efficient.

If you are using multiple ESTeem repeater links to send the serial data to remote locations, the value for the bridge link needs to be increased to a number greater than the longest repeater chain. For example, if you are using four repeater (peer) links to send the serial data between two or more sites the number will need to be five (5) or greater (Figure 4).

Destination IP Address The ESTeem configured for the correct destination IP and port number will send and receive the serial data from another modem. Set the destination IP address for the ESTeem where the serial data will be sent. If sending to more than one ESTeem (Multipoint) set to a multicast address (i.e 224.0.0.1).

Note: If you are using the ESTeem 195E in a multipoint application (multicast), you must have default Gateway

configured in the ESTeem set to the IP address of the Root Bridge modem.

Serial IP Port Number The ESTeem configured for the correct destination IP and port number will send and receive the serial data from another modem. Set the IP port numbers to match where the serial data will be sent. The serial data will not be sent if both the IP address and port number is not correct.

Maximum Packet Size This number represents the maximum size of the serial data packet in bytes. If the number of bytes of data in the serial port buffer exceeds the send forward the serial packet. For example, if the receives 100 bytes the data will be sent through the wireless connection.

Number of Milliseconds for Packetization This number represents the time the ESTeem will hold data in the serial data buffer before sending to the remote ESTeem. This feature is generally used if the serial data does not have a consistent packet length or delimiter character. For example, if the number of milliseconds is set to a value of 10 the ESTeem will monitor the incoming serial data stream and any break in characters longer than 10 milliseconds will cause the data will be sent through the wireless connection.

Delimiter Characters Enabling and specifying a delimiter character will transmit the data in the serial buffer when the delimiter character is recognized in the serial data stream. There are two unique delimiter characters that can be configured and enabled independently.

Terminal Server Control Lines Enabling this feature will allow the ESTeem in the Terminal Server mode to read and generate modem control lines to the connected device.

maximum packet size before the timer or delimiter character is reached, the ESTeem will

maximum packet size is set to a value of 100, when the serial port

None if no serial flow control is necessary.

maximum

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CHAPTER 6

Access Point

Bridge with

Repeater Mode

RS-232 Data

Remote Site

Remote Site & Repeater

Access Point

Bridge with

Repeater Mode

RS-232 Data

SERIAL APPLICATIONS

Access Point Bridge with Repeater Mode

RS-232 Data

Access Point

Bridge with

Repeater

Mode

Repeater

Note:

Antenna’s shown are for illustration purposes. There are many antenna options available depending on your application.

ght

Access Point Bridge with Repeater Mode

RS-232 Data

NOTE:

Repeater may be standalone or attached to a network or device.

Access Point Bridge with Repeater Mode

RS-232 Data

Remote PLC

Remote Site

Figure 6: Serial Full Redirector Example

Master PLC

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CHAPTER 7

REPEATING FEATURES

To increase the wireless network’s area of coverage for both indoor and outdoor applications, the ESTeem 195E utilizes a custom repeating feature that allows increased coverage areas without the added expense of hard cabling or adding an additional point to point radio link.

With a conventional IEEE 802.11g or 802.11a Access Point (AP) network, all of the APs have to be interfaced to a common network either by hardwire, see Figure 1, or a separate, dedicated RF backbone. The Model 195E can create this RF backbone, bridge Ethernet networks connected to the wired Ethernet port and provide the wireless canopy for 802.11 clients simultaneously.

When programmed in any of the three Access Point (AP) Repeater Modes, the Model 195E will create a wireless network with other Model 195E units in radio range that are programmed in the AP Repeater Peer table during setup. This feature adds the increased functionality of repeaters to the typical Ethernet Bridge configuration.

ESTEEM MESH NETWORK

One of the most powerful features of the AP Repeater Mode is the ability to input multiple communication routes and designate the priority for each of these routes to create a wireless Mesh network. The ESTeem Model 195E will automatically change communication routes in the network if a route has failed. The new route will be based upon the priority level set during configuration. This wireless Meshing technology allows the RF network to “self-heal” if any of the communication paths fail.

The routing priority is manually set during the configuration of the 195E. A manual path configuration is far superior to standard “selfdiscovery” networks, because you have direct control over the best RF paths and can easily identify any failed routes for easy troubleshooting. For example, Figure 2 shows a typical wireless Ethernet system used in the Water/Waste Water Industry. The problem with a standard “self-discovery” Mesh network is the selection of routes. Notice that the communication between the Water Plant (Site A) and Pump Site D has a marginal link, but it is the most direct route between the Ethernet devices.

This scenario poses the question, which path will the network select? The ESTeem Mesh Network takes out the guessing games by allowing the user to select and prioritize all communication routes in the system. In our example we would want the primary link to go through Tank B (Repeater) and use the direct link only if this primary link fails. The following sections will show how this completed.

Configuration The configuration of the repeater paths is completed during setup of the Access Point modes. All three Access Point

modes support repeating and Meshing features. The Mesh network configuration using the ESTeem Network Configuration (ENC) Utility is shown in detail in Chapter 3 of this User’s Manual.

Figure 1: Conventional Access Point Diagram

Figure 2: Small Mesh Network Diagram

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CHAPTER 7

REPEATING FEATURES

You can also configure the Mesh networking directly through the web configuration setup (Chapter 5). Figure 3 shows an example repeater peer table from the setup menus. For an ESTeem 195E to communicate with another ESTeem 195E, select 195E that will have direct communications must be added to the Repeater Peer List. Finally, enabling the link allows the corresponding 195E to be included in the communication routing. Mobile clients do not require input in the repeater peer table. If multiple Mesh routes are configured, you will also need to set the values for Priority and Path Costs (explained in Spanning Tree below). For multiple examples of repeater configurations, please refer to Chapter 3 of this user’s manual.

Yes must at Enable Repeater Capability. Next, the Wireless LAN (WLAN) MAC address of each Model

Figure 3: Repeater Configuration Example

RAPID SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (RSTP)

The ESTeem Model 195E, with firmware version 271 and above, uses Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP - IEEE

802.1d) to determine the radio routing structure of the wireless network. This RSTP functions the same as standard

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) listed below, but the network recovery is three times faster. If the 195E is used in a network that has any older STP only modems, the entire network will be STP.

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CHAPTER 7

REPEATING FEATURES

SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP)

The ESTeem Model 195E uses standard Ethernet Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) or Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) to determine the radio routing structure of the wireless network. The primary purpose of STP/RSTP is to make sure that “network loops” are not created. A network loop is having two communication paths to the same destination where the remote device would receive the same data multiple times. If there were no way to control the data flow, this data would be constantly passed around this loop causing a “packet storm” that would shut down the entire network. The Spanning Tree Protocol will block all these redundant links.

The STP operation begins by determining which Ethernet device on the network will be the Root Bridge. All Ethernet networks have a Root Bridge that is selected by the lowest MAC address. All path costs are evaluated against this Root Bridge device to determine routing and which paths will be blocked. On a wired Ethernet network, the location of the Root Bridge is not really important, but in a wireless network selection of the Root Bridge is critical to the wireless network routing. Let’s use one of the Example network diagrams from Chapter 3 to continue the discussion (Figure 4).

HUB or Switch

Network

Router

(Required)

Plant Network

Large Wired LAN

Example #1

S/N: E-14001

WLAN MAC=00:04:3F:00:09:01

10/100BaseT

Access Point Router

with Repeater

Feature Enabled

EtherStation

Mode

P r

m a

y R

e p

e a t

Stand-Alone Repeater Site

Example #2

S/N: E-14002

WLAN MAC= 00:04:3F:00:09:05

Access Point Bridge

with Repeater

Feature Enabled

e r P

a t

Remote Building

Small Ethernet Wired LAN

Example #3

S/N: E-14003

WLAN MAC=00:04:3F:00:09:10

Mobile Vehicle

Single Ethernet Device

Example #4

S/N: 14004

Figure 4: Programming Example #1 Diagram

Revised: 19 Oct 12 7-3 EST P/N AA107E

Mobile

PLC

10/100BaseT

Access Point Bridge

with Repeater

Feature Enabled

CHAPTER 7

REPEATING FEATURES

STP Phases

The following sections describe the process of the STP in the ESTeem Model 195E as how it would happen in the above example.

Learning Phase - Once properly configured, each Model 195E will begin to search out the other Model 195E units in radio range that are programmed in the AP Repeater Peer table. All Model 195E’s will calculate their routes to every Model 195E in the network based upon the lowest “path length” to the Root Bridge. Path length is the total number of wireless links (repeater peer links) to transmit a packet through the wireless network to the Root Bridge. Note: The

Root Bridge in a network should be the Model 195E where the majority of the data flow is processed. In every

wireless network of two or more radios, the Root Bridge should be user defined. If not defined, the ESTeem 195E with the lowest MAC address will be designated as the Root Bridge.

In Figure 4, the Plant network (Example 1) is the most logical location for the Root Bridge based upon the amount of data flow. Setting this site as the root bridge is discussed below in Root Bridge.

Blocking and Forwarding Phase – To ensure you do not have a network loop situation due to redundant paths in your wireless network, the Model 195E will recognize and disable (block) one or more redundant links and provide back up links should the primary link fail. This establishes a wireless mesh network with a series of forwarding links, based upon the shortest path length to the Root Bridge.

For example, looking at Figure 4, the Remote Building has two routes to the Root Bridge (Plant Network – Example #1); directly to the site and through the repeater. The direct link between the two sites is the shortest route (lowest Path Length) and will be selected as the primary route unless overridden by manually changing the Path Length in the configuration.

Path Length If more than one communication path to the Root Bridge is found, the 195E must determine which route to take based

upon the lowest Path Length. The default path length to all links in the 195E network is 1. If the Path Lengths are equal then the lowest MAC address will determine the priority route. In the ESTeem Mesh Network we want to directly control all data flow so do not want the routes to be automatically determined.

Looking again at our Example in Figure 4, if we made no changes to the default path length of 1 (note values in Figure

3) the lowest path cost would be direct from the Remote Building to the Root Bridge (Plant Network).

Link Description Total Path Length

Direct from Remote Building 1 Remote Build to Root Bridge Through Repeater

To configure the 195E to select the repeater as the primary radio path, set the path length value for the direct link greater than 2 (such as a value of 3) to make this the primary radio path. The lowest path length will identify the highest priority. The Model 195E will use this routing, but also switch to direct communication if the repeater were to disappear.

Root Bridge

In any Access Point Repeater network consisting of more than two sites, one Model 195E should be designated as the Root Bridge. Only one Model 195E can be designated as the Root Bridge in a given network and should be located where the majority of the Ethernet data flow is processed. This site may be the Master location in a SCADA network or could be configured at a repeater site. Selection is important because all Model 195E’s NOT configured as the Root Bridge will choose routing based upon the Path Length to the Root Bridge. If you have any question as to which

2 (Length 1 to repeater + Length 1 to Master = 2)

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CHAPTER 7

REPEATING FEATURES

site in your AP Repeater application should be the Root Bridge, contact ESTeem Customer Support at 509-735-9092 or e-mail your application to

The Root Bridge will be selected in one of two ways: the Root Bridge can be manually set (recommended) during the configuration of the Repeater Peer table (Figure 3) or the Root Bridge designation will default to the lowest MAC address of all the Model 195E’s in the network. The manual Root Bridge configuration is located in the “Advanced Settings” section.

Redundant Backup

The ESTeem Model 195E configured in Access Point Repeater mode will automatically function as a redundant backup if two Model 195E’s are installed at the same location (Figure 7). If two Model 195E’s are connected to the same switch, one of the Model 195E’s will be Blocked when the Spanning Tree Protocol is completed. The network will continue to use this route until any problem with the original Model 195E is detected and the second Model 195E will begin operation at that site.

Redundant Master Configuration The configuration in Figure 7 will also provide a redundant

backup for the Master Site (Root Bridge). Configure both Model 195E’s as Root Bridges (see above) giving the primary Root Bridge a value of 1 and the secondary Root Bridge a value of 2.

support@esteem.com.

Figure 7: Redundant Backup Diagram

Revised: 19 Oct 12 7-5 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

195Eg and 195E-lp ANTENNA AND CABLE CONFIGURATIONS (POLE MOUNT)

ESTeem offers different types of antennas for both indoor and outdoor configurations. To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be chosen so that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that permitted for successful communication.

Warning: Only the tested cable lengths and antennas provided by EST meet the FCC maximum peak output

power requirements. Any other combination of antennas or coax cables is not authorized. This device has been designed to operate in a pole mount configuration with the antennas listed below, having a maximum gain of 6 dB in a multi-point system or 19dB in a point to point network. Antennas not included in this list or having a gain greater 6 dB in a multi-point system or 19dB in a point to point network are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.

Part Number: AA01S

• Omni-directional, rubber duck, direct mount, unity

gain antenna.

• Indoors and short range outdoor applications.

• There must be a minimum separation distance of

20 cm. from the antenna to the user.

See Warnings.

Part Number: AA20DMEg

• Omni-directional direct mount antenna, 5 dBi

gain.

• Indoor and outdoor applications.

• There must be a minimum separation distance of

20 cm. from the antenna to the user.

See Warnings.

Part Number: AA20Eg

• Omni-directional external pole mount antenna, 6

dBi gain with 3-ft. integral feedline and connector.

• Outdoor applications.

• Antenna port B is not used in this configuration.

There must be a minimum separation distance of 20 cm. from the antenna to the user.

See Warnings.

Part Number: AA203Eg

• Directional pole mount antenna, 6 dBi gain with 3-

ft. integral feedline and connector.

• Point to point and point to multi-point outdoor

applications.

• Antenna port B is not used in this configuration.

• There must be a minimum separation distance of

20 cm. from the antenna to the user.

See Warnings.

Part Number: AA204Eg

• Directional pole mount antenna, 19 dBi gain with

3-ft. integral feedline and connector.

• Point to point applications only.

• Maximum Output Power of 250mWatts (Power

Level = Low Power)

• Antenna port B is not used in this configuration.

• There must be a minimum separation distance of

50 cm. from the antenna to the user.

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-1 EST P/N AA107E

Transmit/Receive

ntenna Port 1

Receive Only

Antenna Port 2

Notes:

Antenna Port A is a transmit and receive port for use in all applications. Antenna Port B is a receive only port and is used for dual diversity antennas applications only. This port is not used for point to point applicati ons.

Warnings:

Only pre-made coax cables from the factory used in conjunction with either the AA20Eg Omni-directional and AA203Eg or AA204Eg directional antennas meet all FCC Section 15.247(b) EIRP maximum power requirements.

Use of the AA204Eg, directional antenna is limited to fixed point to point applications only. In accordance FCC Section 15.247(b)iii, this antenna must be professionally installed. The installer must ensure the system is used exclusively for fixed, point-to-point applications and the ESTeem Model 195Eg is set for 0.25 Watts output power (Power Level = Min).

CHAPTER 8

See Warnings.

ANTENNA SETUPS

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-2 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

195Eg and 195Eg-lp ANTENNA AND CABLE CONFIGURATIONS (CABINET MOUNT)

Warning: Only the tested cable lengths and antennas provided by EST meet the FCC maximum peak output

power requirements. Any other combination of antennas or coax cables is not authorized. This device has been designed to operate in a cabinet mount configuration with the antennas listed below, having a maximum gain of 7 dB in a multi-point system or 11dB in a point to point network with the authorized ESTeem coax cables. Antennas not included in this list or having a gain greater 7 dB in a multi-point system or 11dB in a point to point network with any other types or lengths of coax cable are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.

Part Number: AA20E

• Omni Directional Building Mount Antenna, 6 dBd

gain

• Feedline minimums: 25 ft. RG-8 Cable or 50 ft.

Heliax Cable with AA228LMR and Lightning Arrestor (EST P/N: AA165).

Part Number: AA203ES

• Directional Building Mount Antenna, 7 dBd gain

• Feedline minimums: 25 ft. RG-8 Cable or 50 ft.

Heliax Cable with AA228LMR and Lightning Arrestor (EST P/N: AA165).

• Point to point and point to multi-point applications

Part Number: AA204ES* (Point-to-point ONLY)

• Directional Building Mount Antenna, 11 dBd gain

• Feedline minimums: 25 ft. RG-8 Cable or 50 ft.

Heliax Cable with AA228LMR and Lightning Arrestor (EST P/N: AA165).

• Point to point applications only. See Warning.

COAXIAL CABLES

A 25-ft. length of RG-8 coax cable or 50-ft. length of ½” Heliax cable are the minimum cable lengths allowed for use with the above antennas (AA20E, AA203ES, AA204ES) when the Model 195Eg is set at Max Power. Listed below are representative cable losses in db/100 ft at the 2.4 GHz frequency range:

Feedline Type

RG-8 (Solid) 7 AA228LMR (2.5’ TNC-MRP/NLMR 600 4.4 AA165 Lightning Arrestor 0.1

3/8" Heliax 6.5 All Coax Connector Terminations 1/2" Heliax 3.5

7/8" Heliax 2

1.25" Heliax 1.6

In a severe noise environment it may be necessary to use a double shield type of coax cable such as RG-214/U in place of the RG-8. This cable must be purchased from the factory to meet FCC requirements.

Note: A -3 dB loss means you have lost 1/2 of your signal or transmitter power. A +3 dB gain means you have

doubled (x2) your signal or transmitter power.

Attenuation (dB/100 ft.) @ 2.4 GHz

Warning:

Only pre-made coax cable systems (Cable, Lightning Arrestor and AA228LMR jumper cable) from the factory used in conjunction with either the AA20E omnidirectional and AA203ES or AA204ES directional antennas meet all FCC Section 15.247(b) EIRP maximum power requirements.

Use of the AA204ES, directional antenna is limited to fixed point to point applications only. In accordance FCC Section 15.247(b)iii, the operator or installer is responsible for ensuring the systems is used exclusively for fixed, point-to-point applications.

Additional RF Losses Attenuation (dB)

0.9

MRP) Jumper Cable

0.2

(2 for every coax cable)

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-3 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

195Ea ANTENNA AND CABLE CONFIGURATIONS

Warning: Only the tested cable lengths and antennas provided by EST meet the FCC and DOC maximum peak output power requirements. Any other combination of antennas or coax cables is not authorized.

ESTeem offers different types of antennas for both indoor and outdoor configurations. Thi s device has been desi gned to operate with the antennas listed below, and having a maxim um gai n of 22 dBi . Antennas not included i n this list or having a gai n greate r than 22dBi are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The requi red antenna i m pedance is 50 ohm s.

Part Number: AA20DMa

• Omni-directional direct mount antenna, 4.5 dB i gai n.

• Indoor and outdoor applications.

• There must be a minimum separati on distance of 23

cm. from the antenna to the user. See Warnings.

Part Number: AA20Ea

• Omni-directional external pole mount ant enna, 10 dBi

gain with 18 inch integral feedline and connector.

• Outdoor applications.

• There must be a minimum separati on distance of 23

cm. from the antenna to the user. See Warnings.

Part Number: AA205Ea

• Directional linear panel, pole mount antenna, 22 dBi

gain with 18 inch integral feedline, bandpass filter and connector.

• Point to point and point to multi-point outdoor

applications.

• There must be a minimum separati on distance of 50

cm. from the antenna to the user. See Warnings.

Warnings:

Only pre-made coax cables from the factory used in conjunction with either the omni-directional and directional antennas meet all FCC Section 15.247(b) EIRP maximum power requirements.

To comply with the FCC exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna and all

This radio transmitter (ESTeem 195Ea - 2163A-195EA) has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with the antenna types listed above with the maximum permissible gain and required antenna impedance for each antenna type indi cated. Antenna types not included in this list, having a gain greater than the ma xim um gai n indicat ed for that t ype, are st rictl y prohi bite d for use with this device.

(Le présent émetteur radio (ESTeem 195Ea – 2163A-195EA) a été approuvé par Industrie Canada pour fonctionner avec les types d'antenne énumérés au-dessous et ayant un gain admissible maximal et l'impédance requise pour chaque type d'antenne. Les types d'antenne non inclus dans cette liste, ou dont le gain est supérieur au gai n maximal i ndiqué, sont strict ement int erdit s pour l'exploitation de l'émetteur.)

Antenna

Port 1

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-4 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

195Ed ANTENNA AND CABLE CONFIGURATIONS

Warning: Only the tested cable lengths and antennas provided by EST meet the FCC and DOC maximum peak output power requirements. Any other combination of antennas or coax cables is not authorized. To reduce potenti al radio i nterference t o other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent i sotropical ly radi ated pow er (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that permitted for successful communication.

ESTeem offers different types of antennas for both indoor and outdoor configurations. Thi s device has been desi gned to operate with the antennas listed below, and having a maxim um gain of 7 dB. Ante nnas not incl uded in thi s li st or havi ng a gain greater than 7 dB are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The required ant enna impedance is 50 ohms.

Part Number: AA191Es

• Omni-directional, permanent vehicle m ount ant enna,

5dB gain with integral 17’ coax cable.

• Outdoor mobile applications.

• There must be a minimum separati on distance of 23

cm. from the antenna to the user. See Warnings.

Part Number: AA20DMs

• Omni-directional direct mount antenna, 2 dB i gai n.

• Indoor and outdoor applications.

• There must be a minimum separati on distance of 23

cm. from the antenna to the user. See Warnings.

Part Number: AA20Es900

• Omni-directional external pole mount ant enna, 7 dBi

gain with 3-ft. integral feedline and connector.

• Outdoor applications.

• There must be a minimum separation distance of

23cm. from the antenna to the user. See Warnings.

Part Number: AA203Es900

• Directional pole mount antenna, 7 dBi gain with 3-ft .

integral feedline and connector.

• Point to point and point to multi-point outdoor

applications.

• There must be a minimum separati on distance of 23

cm. from the antenna to the user. See Warnings.

Notes:

Antenna Port A is a transmit and receive port for use in all applications.

Antenna Port B is a receive only port and is used for dual diversity antennas applications only. This port is not used for point to point applications.

Warnings:

Only pre-made coax cables from the factory used in conjunction with either the AA20Es900 omni-directional and AA203Es900 directional antennas meet all FCC Section 15.247(b) EIRP maximum power requirements.

Antenna

Port 1

Antenna

Port 2

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-5 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

195Ep ANTENNA AND CABLE CONFIGURATIONS

ESTeem offers different types of antennas for indoor, outdoor and mobil e configurat ions.

Part Number: AA191Ep

• Omni-directional, vehicle mount, 5.5dBi gai n antenna.

• Mobile vehicle mount applications.

• The AA191Ep antenna must be installed to provide a

separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

Part Number: AA20DMEp

• Omni-directional direct mount antenna, 5 dB i gai n.

• Indoor and outdoor applications.

• The AA20DMp antenna must be fixed-mounted on

outdoor permanent structures with a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons during normal operation and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

Part Number: AA20Ep

• Omni-directional pole mount antenna, 10 dBi gain

• Antenna port B is not used in this configuration.

• The AA20Ep antenna must be fixed-mounted on

Part Number: AA204Ep

• Directional pole mount antenna, 21 dBi gain with 3-ft .

integral feedline and connector.

• Antenna port B is not used in this configuration.

• The AA204Ep antenna must be fixed-mounted on

outdoor permanent structures with a separation distance of at least 1.1 meters from all persons during normal operation and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

Antenna

ANTENNA SETUPS

Antenna

Port 1

Port 2

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-6 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

WEATHER PROOFING COAX CONNECTIONS

1. Lightly coat the threads of the connectors with silicone lubricant prior to assembly (See Note 1) and hand tighten.

Make sure to use the silicon sparingly so when assembled, any excess does not get on center conductor. Care should be taken not to get any lubricant on the center conductor.

2. Wrap the connector assembly with a non-adhesive silicone tape, EST part number AA243, for weather proofing

(See Note 2 and instructions below). a) Clean surface to be wrapped. Cut off length to be used. b) Peel back a short length of protective film. Keep tape clean and dry. c) Begin with one complete overlap of tape onto itself. d) STRETCH CoaxWrap while continuing to wrap object with “half-laps”, removing clear film as you go (Figure

1). For greater pressure resistance, use 2 or more tightly wrapped layers.

e) End of tape at final wrap should be completely positioned onto itself.

Note: CoaxWrap’s bond begins to cure immediately upon contact with itself. Repositioning or removal is not recommended after 2 minutes of wrapping.

3. Apply an electrical coating (sealing agent), over the vapor barrier patch for added protection (See Note 3).

NOTES:

1. Dow Corning RTV-3140 or equivalent.

2. CoaxWrap, CW10B or equivalent.

3. SCOTCHKOTE, 3-M Company, or equivalent.

ANTENNA DIVERSITY

The dual diversity antenna configuration on the ESTeem Model 195E allows the radio to operate more efficiently in areas with high reflections (such as indoors or in a city) without direct line of sight (LOS) between the antennas. One of the most difficult conditions to control in a radio system is the effect of a destructive reflected radio signal called mutipathing. Multipathing occurs when waves emitted by the transmitter travel along a different path and interfere destructively with waves traveling on a direct line-of-site path. The phenomenon occurs because waves traveling along different paths may be completely out of phase when they reach the antenna, thereby canceling each other out. The dual diversity antenna configuration places a physical distance between the antennas where one reflected signal will be out of phase, but the second will be not. The ESTeem Model 195E will sample both antennas and select the best receive signal.

Figure 1: Installation

Example

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-7 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

ANTENNA PORT SELECTION

The antenna ports on the Model 195E must be configured for either a single receive antenna (external mount antennas) or dual diversity antenna setup. To access the port configuration open ESTeem Web page using your computer’s Web Browser as per instructions in Chapter 5. Select Advanced from the menu items and Radio Settingswlan0 device (Figure 1).

Figure 2: Advanced Settings Menu

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-8 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

Press the next button and wlan0 configuration menu will be displayed. The receive antenna is configured by selecting the wlan0_dot11CurrentRXAntenna drop down (Figure 3) and selecting the receive antenna. A value of 0 = Dual diversity (Both antenna Ports A & B will be used to receive). A value of 1 = Single receive source (Antenna Port A only).

Figure 3: Receive Antenna Settings Menu

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-9 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

ASSEMBLING THE AA195PM TWO HOLE OUTDOOR POLE MOUNTING KIT

The AA195PM mounting kit contains everything required for pole mounting and weatherproofing the ESTeem Model 195Eg for outdoor installations. The 195Eg with AA195PM mounting kit can be directly mounted to a round pole from

1.25” to a diameter of 2.25” OD. Any mounting structure greater than 2” requires hose clamp strapping run through

the Pole Mount Brackets. The mounting kit requires the following assembly:

1. If you purchased an AA195PM mounting kit with your Model 195Eg, the kit will be packed in the same packing box

as the ESTeem (Figure 4).

Figure 4: Packet Box Contents

2. Remove and inventory the two (2) Pole Mounting Brackets, one (1) Two-Hole Face Plate Cover (with single port

cover installed), one (1) Heat Shield and (1) AA195PM Hardware bag from the packing box (Figure 4). Report any missing or damaged items to ESTeem Customer Support (Phone 509-735-9092) as soon as possible for replacement.

Figure 5: AA195PM Hardware Contents

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-10 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

3. Inventory the AA195PM Hardware bag for all the components listed in Figure 5.

4. Assemble the two Pole Mounting Brackets with the included U-bolts, hardware and Pole Mount Clamps.

Reference Figure 6.

Figure 6: Pole Mount Assembly

5. Place the four supplied 10-24 x 1” Phillips Pan Head screws through the mounting holes of the Heat Shield and

attach to the top of the ESTeem 195Eg (Figure 7).

Figure 7: Heat Shield Attachment

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-11 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

6. Attach the two Pole Mounting Brackets to the ESTeem Model 195Eg with the 10-24 x 1” Phillips Pan Head screws

through the top of the heat shield. Reference Figure 8 (Heat Shield removed for detail).

Figure 8: Pole Mount Connection to Case

(Heat Shield Removed for Detail)

7. Assemble the outdoor rated CAT-5e Ethernet cable (Not Provided) with the supplied Ethernet Cable Boot

(Figure 9).

Ethernet Cable Boot

Figure 9: Ethernet Cable Assembly

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-12 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

8. Feed the CAT-5e Ethernet connector(s) through the Face Plate Cover and secure the Ethernet Cable Boot to the

cover. Reference Figure 10.

NOTE: The Ethernet cable boot must be installed before the RJ-45 end is installed. If using the ESTeem AA09.1

outdoor Ethernet cable, verify that the Ethernet cable boot end is routed toward the ESTeem 195Eg.

Second Port Cover

Face Plate Cover

Ethernet Cable Boots

Figure 10: Ethernet Cable Routing

Figure 11: Face Plate Cover Strain Relief

9. Route the CAT-5e Ethernet cable through the molded strain-relief fins in the Face Plate Cover (Figure 11) to

secure the cable and provide strain-relief for the connector. If a second Ethernet cable is installed, remove the second port cover and route cable.

10. Plug the CAT-5e Ethernet cable to the Model 195Eg’s Ethernet port and secure the Face Plate Cover with the

attached thumb screw. Verify that the weatherproof seal on the Face Plate Cover is sealed against the outer rim of the Model 195Eg. Reference Figure 12.

11. Attach the antenna connector boots as show in Figure 13 for either dual attached antennas or external antennas.

You are now ready to mount the ESTeem Model 195Eg

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-13 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

EST Approved Direct Mount

Antenna Only

Port A

Direct Mount

Antenna Boots

Figure 13: Completed AA195PM Mounts

Caution: Outdoor mounting of the 195Eg requires the use of weatherproof boots. Improper

installation could result in radio failure.

Caution: Always mount the 195Eg vertically with the antenna ports on top.

Figure 12: Face Plate Cover Installed on ESTeem

EST Approved External

Antenna With Factory

Installed Boot

Port B

Weather Proof Boot

NOTE: Remove Plastic

Connector Cover

Before Installation

Face Towards The

South

(North America)

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-14 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

195E POLE MOUNT GROUNDING PROCEEDURES

Mounting the 195E series radio modem outdoors requires proper grounding procedures to prevent damage to both the radio hardware and the connected Ethernet and Serial peripherals. The case on the 195E series wireless modem is electrically conductive, but the AA195 Pole Mount kit provides isolation from the connected structure. To bring the 195E case to a ground potential with Earth ground and eliminate any static buildup on the case itself, the shield on the Ethernet cable is used to provide the ground connection.

Outdoor Ethernet Cable

A critical component of this grounding protection system is the ESTeem AA09.1 outdoor, shielded CAT-5E Ethernet cable. This cable provides three, necessary elements; Ethernet data, DC Power over Ethernet (PoE) applications, and a ground from the 195E case to the AA166 surge protector. The Ethernet cable is outdoor rated and protected from UV breakdown.

Installation

The following diagram outlines all the critical components and connections in the 195E series system. The Earth ground connection to the surge protector must be installed to comply with local Electrical code requirements.

ESTeem Model 195E

Metal RJ-45 Hood

(Amp 5-569530-3)

ESTeem AA09.1

Outdoor, Shielded

CAT-5E Cable

(300 ft. maximum)

Figure 14: Pole Mount Installation Diagram

Series Wireless Modem

Drain Wire Soldered

To Metal RJ-45

Metal RJ-45 Hood (Amp 5-569530-3)

AA166 Ethernet

Surge Protection

Drain Wire With

Ring Terminal Connected

to Ground Lug

Approved Earth

Ground Connection

Power Over Ethernet

Supply

(AA175)

Ethernet Patch Cable

(AA09.2)

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-15 EST P/N AA107E

CHAPTER 8

ANTENNA SETUPS

FRESNEL ZONE

Figure 15: Fresnel Zone Diagram

The Fresnel zone shows the ellipsoid spread of the radio waves around the visual line-of-sight after they leave the antenna (see Figure 15). This area must be clear of obstructions or the signal strength will be reduced due to signal blockage. Typically, 20% Fresnel Zone blockage introduces little signal loss to the link. Beyond 40% blockage, signal loss will become significant. This calculation is based on a flat earth. It does not take into account the curvature of the earth. It is recommended for RF path links greater than 7 miles to have a microwave path analysis done that takes the curvature of the earth and the topography of the terrain into account.

Fresnel Zone Radius = 72.1 SQRT [(d1d2) / (F (d1 + d2)]

Units

Fresnel Zone Radius in feet. d1 and d2 in statue miles F in GHz

Revised: 19 Oct 12 8-16 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX A

FCC INFORMATION

INFORMATION TO USERS

The ESTeem Model 195E complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

Note to User:

Changes or modifications to this equipment not exp ressly approved by Electronic Systems Technology for compliance could void the user's authority to o perate the equipment.

The equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonab le protec t ion ag ain st har mful in terf eren ce wh en the eq uip ment is oper ated in a commercial environment. This equipment genera tes, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause har mful interference in wh ich case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

Other Information

Model 195Eg

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Device FCC Type Acceptance No: ENPESTEEM195EG-1 Canadian Certification Number: 1457A-195EG

Model 195Ed

Direct Sequence/OFDM Spread Spectrum Device (USA) FCC ID: ENPESTEEM195ED-1 (Canada) IC No: 1457A-195ED1

Model 195Ea

OFDM Spread Spectrum Device FCC Type Acceptance No: ENPESTEEM195EA Canadian Certification Number: 2163A-195EA

Model 195Ep

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Device FCC Type Acceptance No: ENPESTEEM195EP Canadian Type Acceptance No: 1457A-195EP

Revised: 18 Oct 12 APX A-1 EST P/N AA107E

FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION FIELD OFFICES

ALASKA 1011 E. Tudor Rd. Rm 240 Box 2955 Anchorage, AK 99510

CALIFORNIA Interstate Office Park 4542 Ruffner St., Room 370 San Diego, CA 92111-2216

Los Angeles Office (LA)

Ceritos Corporate Tower 18000 Studebaker Rd., Room 660 Cerritos, CA 90701-3684

San Francisco Office (SF)

5653 Stoneridge Drive, Suite 105 Pleasanton, CA 94588-8543

COLORADO

Denver Office (DV)

215 S. Wadsworth Blvd., Suite 303 Lakewood, CO 80226-1544

FLORIDA 919 Federal Bldg 51 SE First Ave. Miami, FL 33130

Tampa Office (TP)

2203 N. Lois Ave., Room 1215 Tampa, FL 33607-2356

GEORGIA

Atlanta Office (AT)

3575 Koger Blvd., Suite 320 Duluth, GA 30096-4958

HAWAII 7304 Prince Kuhi Federal Building Honolulu, HI

ILLINOIS

Chicago Office (CG)

Park Ridge Office Ctr., Room 306 1550 Northwest Highway Park Ridge, IL 60068-1460

LOUISIANA

New Orleans Office (OR)

2424 Edenborn Ave. Suite 460 Metarie, LA 70001

MARYLAND 1017 Geo. Fallon Building 31 Hopkins Plaza Baltimore, MD

MASSACHUSETTS

Boston Office (BS)

1 Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA 02169-7495

MICHIGAN

Detroit Office (DT)

24897 Hathaway Street Farmington Hills, MI 48335-1552

MINNESOTA 691 Federal Building 316 N Robert St. St. Paul, MN

MISSOURI

Kansas City Office (KC)

520 NE Colbern Road Second Floor Lee’s Summit, MO 64086

NEW YORK 1307 Federal Building 111 W. Huron Buffalo, NY 14202

APPENDIX A

FCC INFORMATION

NEW YORK

New York Office (NY)

201 Varick Street, Suite 1151 New York, NY 10014-4870

OREGON 1782 Federal Building 1220 SW 3rd Avenue Portland, OR 97204

PENNSYLVANIA

Philadelphia Office (PA)

One Oxford Valley Office Bld. Room 404 2300 E. Lincoln Hwy Langhorne, PA 19047-1859

PUERTO RICO 747 Federal Building Carlo Chardon Ave. Hato Rey, PR 00918

TEXAS

Dallas Office (DL)

9330 LBJ Freeway, Room 1170 Dallas, TX 75243-3429

5636 Federal Building 515 Rusk Avenue Houston, TX 77002

WASHINGTON DC

Columbia Office (CF)

9300 East Hampton Drive Capitol Heights, MD 20743

WASHINGTON

Seattle Office (ST)

11410 NE 122 Room 312 Kirkland, WA 98034-6927

Way

Revised: 18 Oct 12 APX A-2 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX B

INTERFACE PORTS

ETHERNET INTERFACE

The ESTeem Model 195E’s Ethernet Port is a Full and Half-Duplex Auto-negotiation interface supporting both 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps (10/100BaseT). The Ethernet port is compliant with IEEE 802.3af Power Over Ethernet (PoE) to provide both data and power over the same CAT-5E grade Ethernet cable. The port is compatibl e with TIA/ EIA-568B cabl e configurati on (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Ethernet Pin Layout

A second Ethernet port is included with the ESTeem 195E. This second Ethernet port can be configured to bridge to the primary Ethernet port or configured to communicate on the Wireless or Ethernet si de of the 195E in rout er m ode.

Revised: 19 Oct 12 APX B-1 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX B

INTERFACE PORTS

CONFIGURING DHCP SERVER

The ESTeem 195E Ethernet port supports both client and server Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). Figure 2 shows the DHCP host configuration screen that will be shown if DHCP server is selected in the setup screens. Enter the values that match the DHCP configuration for your network.

Figure 2: DHCP Server Configuration

Revised: 19 Oct 12 APX B-2 EST P/N AA107E

RS-232C PROGRAMMING PORT CONFIGURATION

The ESTeem Model 195E has a proprietary RS-232C interface in a RJ-45 connector on the front panel. To interface the 195E to the serial port on the computer, you need ESTeem cable AA0621 that combines a standard Ethernet patch cable to a 9-pin Female adapter.

The serial port on the ESTeem Model 195E can be used to access the configuration menu in the ESTeem for system and network configuration. The ESTeem communications port operates at 38,400 bps, No Parity, 8 Data Bits and 1 Stop Bit (38,400,N,8,1). Configure your terminal program to match these settings.

RS-232 PROGRAMMING PORT PIN-OUT TABLE

ESTeem Model AA0621 RS-232C Port Pin-Out Table

RJ-45 Pin No. 4 5 6 3

Function DB-9

Pin No.

Signal Ground (GND) Receive Data (RxD) Transmit Data (TxD)

5 2

RS-232C DATA PORT CONFIGURATION

The ESTeem Model 195E has an RS-232C data interface in a RJ-45 connector on the front panel. See Chapter 6 for further information on serial data port configuration. To interface the 195E to the serial port on the computer, you need serial cable with the following pin-out:

ESTeem Model AA0621 RS-232C Port Pin-Out Table

RJ-45 Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7

Function DB-9

Pin No.

Data Set Ready (DSR) Data Carrier Detect (DCD) Data Terminal Ready (DTR) Signal Ground (GND) Receive Data (RxD) Transmit Data (TxD) Clear to Sent (CTS) Request to Sent (RTS)

6 1 4 5 2 3 8

Model 195E Serial Data Port Interface

APPENDIX B

INTERFACE PORTS

RS-232

Programming Port

Model 195E Serial Port Interface

Ethernet Pin-out

RS-232

Data Port

Revised: 19 Oct 12 APX B-3 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX C

Channel Number

Frequency

Bandwidths

Model 195Ed

907 MHz

5, 10 MHz

912 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

917 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

922 MHz

5, 10 MHz

Model 195Eg

2412 MHz

20 MHz

2417 MHz

20 MHz

2422 MHz

20 MHz

2427 MHz

20 MHz

2432 MHz

20 MHz

2437 MHz

20 MHz

2442 MHz

20 MHz

2447 MHz

20 MHz

2452 MHz

20 MHz

2457 MHz

20 MHz

2462 MHz

20 MHz

Model 195Ep

192

4960 MHz

20 MHz

196

4980 MHz

20 MHz

Model 195Ea

149

5745 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

150

5750 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

151

5755 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

152

5760 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

153

5765 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

154

5770 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

155

5775 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

156

5780 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

157

5785 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

158

5790 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

159

5795 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

160

5800 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

161

5805 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

162

5810 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

163

5815 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

164

5820 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

165

5825 MHz

5, 10, 20 MHz

Note: Shaded Channels Used for WiFi Operation

RADIO CONFIGURATION

195E FREQUENCIES OF OPERATION

In a wireless Ethernet network all of the ESTeem Model 195E’s must be set to the same radio frequency of operation (channel) and bandwidth. The following table shows the channels and corresponding frequencies of operation for each model of ESTeem. The frequency of operation is selectable when configuring the mode of operation of the 195E (reference Chapter 3).

Figure 1: Radio Frequency Channel Selection

Revised: 18 Feb 14 APX C-1 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX C

RF Bandwidth

RF Data Rate

Equivalent Wired Ethernet Data Rate

Recommended Use

5MHz

1.5 to 13.5 Mbps

750 Kbps to 6.75 Mbps

Narrow bandwidth for enhanced transmission reliability in high interference environments

10MHz

3 to 27 Mbps

1.5 to 13.5 Mbps

Midrange bandwidth for higher speed but lower interference environments

20MHz

6 to 54 Mbps

3 to 27 Mbps

Wide bandwidth for maximum RF data rates in low interference environments

Figure 3: Advanced Data Rate Selection

RADIO CONFIGURATION

RF BANDWIDTH

The ESTeem 195Ed and 195Ea have three adjustable RF bandwidths for operation. Reducing the RF bandwidth increases the number of available channels and the radio's ability to reject RF interference. See figure 1 for which channels are available in the ESTeem 195Ed when operating at a specific bandwidth.

It is recommended to use the lowest RF bandwidth and data rate required for your application to increase reliability and number of available frequency channels. Figure 2 shows the available selections.

NOTE: All ESTeem radios in the same network MUST be on the same frequency channel and use the same bandwidth selection.

Figure 2: RF Bandwidth Selection

RF COMMUNICATIONS DATA RATE

The RF data rate of the Model 195E can be programmed for operation at 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, or 54 Mbps. The RF data rate can be set for a fixed rate or a specific range that is dynamically scaled by the Model 195E from monitoring the received signal quality. Dynamic scaling means that the Model 195E will operate at the highest RF data rate that is programmed into unit. If the received data quality drops below the required minimums for reliable communications, the Model 195E will reduce the data rate to the next lowest step to increase signal quality. Conversely if the signal quality increases above the minimums the Model 195E will increase the RF data rate the next highest level.

The ESTeem 195E is set at the factory to operate at maximized scaling speed data rates and should not need adjustment. The RF Data Rate is programmed in the Model 195E through the Advanced

Menu>Wireless LAN Settings>Wlan0 Device and the

value for wlan0_OPRATES:. In the example shown in Figure 3 the RF Date Rate is programmed to dynamic scale all data rates to 54 Mbps (recommend factory default setting). To set the values for the data rate, check the box next to the listed data rate to enable this rate for operation.

Revised: 18 Feb 14 APX C-2 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX C

Max (Maximum)

Full Power

Hi (High)

75% Power

Lo (Low)

50% Power

Min (Minimum)

25% Power

Figure 5: Power Level Settings

Figure 4: Advanced Global Variables

RADIO CONFIGURATION

SETTING RF POWER LEVEL

The ESTeem Model 195E peak power is adjustable in output power from the advanced configuration menu. The output power is adjusted on the Advanced Menu>Wireless LAN Settings>Wlan0 Device screen (Figure 4) of the Web Configuration Manager. Select the value and press the Save Settings button.

Revised: 18 Feb 14 APX C-3 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX C

ESTeem 195Eg

RF Data Rate (Mbps)

Average Power

Modulation Type

30dBm

BPSK

30dBm

BPSK

5.5

30dBm

BPSK

30dBm

OFDM

30dBm

OFDM

30dBm

BPSK

28dBm

OFDM

28dBm

OFDM

27dBm

OFDM

27dBm

OFDM

24dBm

OFDM

24dBm

OFDM

ESTeem 195Ed

RF Data Rate (Mbps)

Average Power

Modulation Type

30dBm

OFDM

30dBm

OFDM

28dBm

OFDM

28dBm

OFDM

27dBm

OFDM

27dBm

OFDM

24dBm

OFDM

24dBm

OFDM

ESTeem 195Ea

RF Data Rate (Mbps)

Average Power

Modulation Type

27dBm

OFDM/BPSK

27dBm

OFDM/BPSK

27dBm

OFDM/QPSK

27dBm

OFDM/QPSK

27dBm

OFDM/16QAM

24.8dBm

OFDM/16QAM

23dBm

OFDM/64QAM

20dBm

OFDM/64QAM

RADIO CONFIGURATION

AVERAGE RF OUTPUT POWERS

The average measurable output power on the ESTeem Model 195E will vary from 20dBm to 30dBm depending upon modulation type and RF data rate. The average power is used when entering the output power level in the ESTeem RF Design program. The following table provides that level and modulation type at each data rate:

Revised: 18 Feb 14 APX C-4 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX C

ESTeem 195Ep

RF Data Rate (Mbps)

Average Power

Modulation Type

33dBm

BPSK

33dBm

BPSK

5.5

33dBm

BPSK

33dBm

OFDM

33dBm

OFDM

33dBm

BPSK

32dBm

OFDM

32dBm

OFDM

31dBm

OFDM

31dBm

OFDM

28dBm

OFDM

28dBm

OFDM

RADIO CONFIGURATION

Revised: 18 Feb 14 APX C-5 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX D

SECURITY

OVERVIEW

The security for the ESTeem Model 195E, like all network security, must be multi-layered. One level of security is never enough to make sure that data does not end up in the wrong hands. Please review the following security levels and decide what is the most appropriate for your network.

AES-CCMP (802.11i and WPA-2)

AES-CCMP (Advanced Encryption Standard-Counter Mode CBC-MAC Protocol) is the encryption algorithm used in the IEEE

802.11i and WPA-2 security protocols. This national encryption standard uses a 128 bit-AES block cipher and CCMP technique to

ensure the highest level of security and integrity available on a wireless network. AES-CCMP incorporates two sophisticated cryptographic techniques (counter mode and CBC-MAC) and adapts them to Ethernet frames to provide a robust security protocol between the mobile client and the eavesdropper to spot patterns, and the CBC-MAC message integrity method ensures that messages have not been tampered with. The ESTeem 195E is compatible as either an Access Point or client in either WPA2 or IEEE 802.11i security systems.

Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 with Preshared Key (WPA2 PSK)

WPA2 PSK uses a common passphrase (preshared key) between the Access Point (AP) and the client to begin a secure communication session. This passphrase must be entered exactly the same in both the Access Point and the client. This passphrase is used to authenticate communication session between the AP and client to begin the secure wirel ess networking session.

Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 with Enterprise Server (WPA Enterprise) Like WPA2 PSK, WPA2 Enterprise verifies the authenticity of the Access Point and client, but uses an 802.1x backend authentication server handling the authentication decision. The most commonly type of authentication server is a RADIUS server. The ESTeem Model 195E can be configured to operate with an established RADIUS server on the net work.

WPA

Wi-Fi Protected Access with Preshared Key (WPA PSK) WPA, which uses 802.1x, was introduced in 2003 to improve on the authentication and encryption features of WEP. All authentication is handled within this access point device. WPA has two significant advantages over WEP:

1. An encryption key differing in every packet. The TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) mechanism shares a starting key

between devices. Each device then changes their encryption key for every packet. It is extremely difficult for hackers to read messages even if they have intercepted the data.

2. Certificate Authentication (CA) can be used, blocking a hacker posing as a valid user.

Wi-Fi Protected Access with Enterprise Server (WPA Enterprise) Like WPA PSK, WPA Enterprise verifies the authenticity of the Access Point and client, but uses an 802.1x backend authentication server handling the authentication decision. The most commonly type of authentication server is a RADIUS server. The ESTeem Model 195E can be configured to operate with an established RADIUS server on the net work.

WPA is server/client relationship from a software driver on a computer’s wireless LAN (WLAN) card to an Access Point. The scope of WPA is limited in use to this configuration only. The ESTeem Model 195E can support WPA Enterprise and PSK as an Access Point, but the level of security on the Bridging layer is configured separately.

access point. AES itself is a very strong cipher, but counter mode makes it difficult for an

Revised: 18 Oct 12 APX D-1 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX D

SECURITY

128-BIT WEP

The 128 WEP uses a particular algorithm called RC4 encryption to encode and decode traffic that is based on a 104-bit encryption key and a 24-bit Initialization Vector (IV). RC4 starts with a relatively short encryption key (104 bits) that is expanded into a nearly infinite stream of keys to accompany the stream of packets.

The basic concept of RC4 is good, but the way it’s implemented in WEP leaves it open to compromise. The researchers that test the integrity of the system usually focus on one piece of the implementation, the Initialization Vector (IV).

The IV (24 bits) is the algorithm component that’s supposed to keep expanded keys from repeating. From the researcher’s point of view, a high-volume access point is mathematically guaranteed to reuse the same key stream at least once a day. When this happens, it’s called an IV collision this becomes a soft spot to enter the system.

The researchers aren’t saying that it’s easy to break into the system, or that it’s being done on a regular basis, only that it is possible and administrators should consider ways to reduce the possibility

ACCESS CONTROL LIST (ACL)

The ACL is one of the simplest yet most secure methods of network security. The ACL is a configurable MAC filter in the Model 192E that can be set to allow specific MAC address on the wireless network by individual address or address ranges. The same filter can also be set to reject individual MAC addresses or address ranges.

The MAC address is a unique, 6 hexadecimal field address assigned at the manufacturer that can not be changed. The MAC address is traceable through the IEEE governing body to the manufacturer and is the “fingerprint” for all Ethernet devices.

Using a combination of both the WPA or 128-Bit WEP encryption and the ACL filter provide the ESTeem an extremely secure wireless networking layer.

DISABLING BROADCAST PROBES AND HIDING SSID

A simple but very effective way of securing a network is to make the network difficult to find. By disabling broadcast probes and hiding the Service Set Identification (SSID), wireless and network “sniffers” will not be able to find your ESTeem Model 195E network. To gain access to the wireless network, you would be required to have the SSID and all security loaded in the WLAN card software prior to entering the network.

PROPRIETARY BRIDGE COMMUNICATION

Although the ESTeem Model 195E is compatible with the open communication standards IEEE 802.11g and 802.11b, the repeater communication between the units is a proprietary communication link. No other manufacturer of wireless hardware can access the ESTeem repeater network when bridging between Ethernet networks. This proprietary communication layer, in combination with the other security settings, allows you as the user to reject wireless clients into the network if so desired. When used in conjunction with the Access Control List the 802.11g and 802.11b client access can be removed.

The security level of the bridge communication link is configurable for 64-Bit WEP, 128-Bit WEP or TKIP and is completely independent of the client access level or any other communication link level. For example, an ESTeem Model 195E can be configured for WPA Enterprise for client level access, communicate to another ESTeem Model 195E using a TKIP bridge link and also communicate 128-Bit WEP to our older ESTeem M odel 192E radi o m odem s al l running si m ult aneously .

Revised: 18 Oct 12 APX D-2 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX D

SECURITY

MASQUERADE MODES

When the ESTeem Model 195E is configured in either the Access Point Masquerade or the Client Masquerade modes, the wireless modem functions as a network firewall. If access to the wired network is the greatest concern, place the ESTeem in the Masquerade mode and the wireless network will be completely isolated from the wired Ethernet network.

INCREASING NETWORK SECURITY

The following are a few suggestions to help improve the overall security of y our wirel ess network:

1. Enable the security. If you research all of the articles regarding hackers, they have g otten into the user’s network due to the

security not being enabled.

2. Set the ACL filter to include only those MAC address of the wireless Ethernet device being used on the network.

3. Make sure the keys are not reused in your company, since reuse increases the statistical li keli hood t hat someone can figure the

key out and change the default password on your access point or wireless router

4. As a network administrator, you should periodically survey your company using a tool like NetStumbler to see if any "rogue"

access points pop up within your company without authorization. All of your hard work to "harden" your wireless network could be wasted if a rogue AP was plugged into your network behind the firewall.

5. Many access points allow you to control access based on the MAC address of the NIC attempting to associate with it. If the

MAC address of your NIC isn't in the table of the access point, you won't associate with it. And while it's true that there are ways of spoofing a MAC address that's been sniffed out of the air, it takes an additional level of sophistication to spoof a MAC address. The downside of deploying MAC address tables is that if you have a lot of access points, maintaining the tables in each access point could be time consuming. Some higher-end, enterprise-level access points have mechanisms for updating these tables across multiple access points of the same brand.

6. Consider using an additional level of authentication, such as Remote Access Dailin User Service (RADIUS), before you

permit an association with your access points through WPA and WPA2 Enterprise.

7. If you're deploying a wireless router, think about assigning static IP addresses for your wireless NICs and turn off Dynamic

Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). If you're using a wireless router and have decided to turn off DHCP, also consider changing the IP subnet. Many wireless routers default to the 192.168.1.0 network and use 192.168.1.1 as the default rout er.

8. Only purchase Access Points that have flashable firmware. There are a number of security enhancements that are being

developed, and you want to be sure that you can upgrade your access point.

9. A simple security technique used by the military is to have th e administrator periodically change the key for the system i.e.

weekly, monthly, etc.

Revised: 18 Oct 12 APX D-3 EST P/N AA107E

APPENDIX E

TROUBLESHOOTING

TESTING COMMUNICATION LINK

After you have configured at least two of the Model 195E wireless Ethernet modems for operation, you can verify communication with each the following steps:

Status Light The quickest source of link status is to view the Status

Light on the face of the 195E (Figure 1). If the Status light is solid, the Model 195E has a connection to another Model 195E listed in the Peer Table.

Status Screen/Peer Table To view detailed information on the status of the communication link (such as connection speed, signal strength and

last update time) you can open the Status Screen from the Web Interface. After press the Status tab at the top of the screen the Status: Summary will be displayed showing the status of all ports and memory in the 195E. Under the Wireless Status heading click on the 195Ea only) or mobile client wireless activity seen by the 195E and how it is classified.

Note: The data rate displayed is not necessarily indicative of the RF data rate between the ESTeems. The rate

show in the Repeater Peer table will be the last RF packet, w hich could consist of either data, repeater beacon or network probes.

View Peer Table (Figure 2). The Peer Table will list all other Wifi (195Eg and

Status LED

Solid Red on Link

Figure 1: Connection Status Light

Figure 2: Repeater Peer Table

Revised: 19 Oct 12 APX E-1 EST P/N AA107E

Opposite Modem’s Wireless MAC

Receive Signal Strength (dBm)

Last Packet Received

Peer Modem ID

Other Access Points

APPENDIX E

TROUBLESHOOTING

Repeater Peers - The Peer Table will display all connected 195Es configured to repeat to this ESTeem by their Wireless (WLAN) MAC address.

Received Signal Strength – This is the first of the two numbers listed in the block. This signal strength value is listed in dBm.

Last RX – This is the time of the last received data packet. When monitoring the status menu, it is important to note the time the last transmission was updated so you are not looking at “stale” data.

Current Data Rate – This is the current speed the last data packet received by the Model 195E. This may not be the data rate between the radio modems. Note that the speed is listed in kbps, so that 11000 kbps is equal to 11 Mbps.

Note: The ESTeem Model 195E uses spread spectrum technology that analyzes each data packet for signal strength

and data quality (strength vs. noise). The higher your signal, the mare background noise you can sustain without causing degradation in the data transfer. This is also true for lower signal strengths with a very low background noise. These values are provided for guidance and if you have any questions about the values in your application, please contact ESTeem Customer Support at 509-735-9092 or e-mail your application to support@esteem.com.

Modem ID – This is Modem ID for the opposite repeater peer.

Revised: 19 Oct 12 APX E-2 EST P/N AA107E

ESTeem 195Eg, 195Ea, 195Ed, 195Ep User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual