Escape Trailer Industries Escape 2014 Owner's Manual

Escape Trailer Owner’s Manual

43851 Industrial Way, Bldg B. Chilliwack, BC, V2R 4L2

Toll Free: 1-855-703-1650

Email: [e-mail]

Tel: [phone]

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction....................................1

Danger, Warning, Caution

and Note Boxes............................2

Chapter 1:
Warranty Information

Owner’s Responsibilities ...................3

Full Two-Year Warranty.....................3

Owner Responsibility.........................3

Obtaining Warranty Service...............3

Unit Information Packet......................4

Get To Know Your Unit

Before Heading Out............................4

...................3

Chapter 2:
Effects of Prolonged
Occupancy

Ventilation, Condensation and

Moisture Management........................5

Storage of Your RV............................7

Wet Areas..........................................8

......................................5

Chapter 3:
Towing and Leveling

Towing Guidelines ..........................10

Weight Ratings —

Definitions........................................10

Weight Ratings — Label..................11

Loading and Weighing

Your Unit..........................................11

Hitches and Towing.........................14

Before Heading Out.........................17

Tire Safety Tips................................18

While Driving....................................19

Leveling Procedures.........................23

Stabilizing Jacks...............................24

...................9

Chapter 4:
Appliances and
Equipment

What to do if

You Smell Gas..................................25

Air Conditioner (Optional).................25

Awning………………….....................26

.....................................25

Maxx Fan™ ...................................27

Furnace..........................................27

Range/Oven (Optional)..................29

Refrigerator....................................33

Roof Vents.....................................34

Propane, Carbon Monoxide
Detectors, and Smoke

Alarms...........................................35

Chapter 5:
Electrical
System

12 Volt System — DC...................38

120 Volt System— AC..................39

Power Cord/Shore Cord ...............39

30 Amp Available Power............. .40

Converter.......................................40

GFCI (Ground Fault

Circuit Interrupter)..........................40

7-Way Plug....................................41

Brakes, Electric..............................41

Breakaway Switch..........................42

........................................38

Chapter 6:
Propane Gas System

General Information........................44

Propane Regulator..........................44

Propane Gas Lines.........................46

................44

Chapter 7:
Plumbing System

Water Pump....................................48

Fresh Water Tank...........................49

Sanitizing Fresh Water System......50

Water Heater..................................50

By-Pass Kit (Optional)....................53

Monitor Panel.................................54

Winterization..................................54

Waste Water System.....................56

Holding Tanks................................57

......................47

Chapter 8:
Care and Maintenance

Exterior..........................................58

............58

Seals and Adhesives......................58

Windows (Exterior)..........................59

Frame and Chassis.........................59

Tires and Wheels............................59

Battery.............................................62

Blinds and Shades..........................62

Cabinet Doors and

Drawers (Wood).............................62

Ceilings and Walls..........................62

Counter Tops..................................62

Faucets and Fixtures......................63

Flooring, Vinyl.................................63

Glass and Mirrors...........................63

Fabric and Upholstery....................63

Sinks and Toilets............................63

Storage...........................................63

Maintenance Schedule...................67

Chapter 9:
Tire Safety Information

Understanding Tire Pressure

and Load Limits..............................64

Tire Size.........................................65

Tire Tread.......................................65

Tire Balance and Wheel

Alignment.......................................65

Tire Repair.....................................65

Tire Fundamentals.........................65

Information on Passenger

Vehicle Tires...................................66

............64

General Maintenance Chart

….71

Introduction

We’re delighted that you chose to invest in an Escape Trailer Industries-built trailer.
Your new travel trailer is designed and constructed to make each trip as safe and
carefree as possible, and we won’t be satisfied until you’re completely happy with it.

Your RV has been equipped with modern, state of the art systems, appliances and
operational equipment. Like every automobile or fine piece of equipment, your Escape
Trailer will require a certain amount of care and regular maintenance to preserve its
appearance and maximum performance. This owner’s manual has been prepared to
assist you in understanding the proper use, operation and maintenance of various
components and systems to provide you and your family with many years of camping
and travelling pleasure. We recommend that you become familiar with the contents of
this owner’s manual before using your RV.

Every effort has been made to make this manual as accurate as possible, however with
our policy of continuous improvement we reserve the right to change materials,
components, specifications and design without prior notice. We recommend that you
carefully read and understand the various component Manufacturer’s publications
provided with your unit and in the event of conflicting instructions or descriptions, the
information provi ded by the respective Manufacturer’s publications should be followed.

The instructions included in this manual are intended as a guide, and in no respect
extend the responsibilities of the Manufacturer beyond that standard written warranty.

Escape Trailer Industries has designed and constructed our travel trailers to meet or
exceed the requirements of the Z240 codes of Canada. In addition, we are periodically
inspected by Quality Auditing Institute (QAI) to ensure that strict adherence to their
safety standards is maintained, as certified by their seal, which is affixed near the
entrance door.

NOTE: Some equipment and features described or shown in this manual may be
optional on some Escape Trailer models. The term “travel trailer” as used in this manual
includes fifth wheel travel trailers unless otherwise indicated.

1

Danger, Warning, Caution and Note Boxes

We have provided many important safety messag es in this manual . Alw ay s read and obey all safe ty messages.

DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.

NOTICE indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, may result in damage to your recreational
vehicle or other equipment.

This manual is based on the latest information available at the time of publication. Due to continuous
product development and improvements, Escape Trailer Industries reserves the right to make changes in
product specifications and c om ponents with out pr ior n otic e.

2

Chapter 1: Warranty Information

As the owner of a new recreational vehicle, you are responsible for regular care and proper maintenance.
Proper maintenance will help avoid situations where the Full Two-Year Warranty will not cover items due
to neglect. Maintenance services should be performed in accordance with this manual, as well as the
corresponding manufacturers’ warranties on components included within your trailer.

Owner’s Responsibilities

1. Proper care and maintenance as outlined in this manual and the corresponding component warranty
package

2. Returning your vehicle to an authorized service center for any repairs or service that is required

3. Reviewing the information contained within this manual and all supplied component information

Full Two-Year Warranty

Manufacturing defects reported to Escape Trailer Industries within two years after original retail delivery of
your new Travel Trailer will be corrected without charge and within reasonable times. Excluded are
misuse (including lack of reasonable maintenance), minor imperfections, alterations, and owner improper
transportation, installation or hookup.

Escape Trailer Industries' suppliers often provide additional warranties on their components beyond the
Escape Trailer Industries factory bumper-to-bumper warranty.

Owner Responsibility

It is the responsibility of the owner to maintain the recreational vehicle as described in the Care and
Maintenance section of the Owner’s Manual including taking whatever preventative measures necessary
to maintain the exterior sealants of the unit and to prevent foreseeable secondary moisture or water
damage to the unit from rain, plumbing leaks, condensation and other natural accumulation of water in
the unit. Examples of secondary damage include, but are not limited to, stained upholstery, flooring or
blinds, mold formation and growth, furniture, cabinetry or floor deterioration, etc. Mold is a natural growth
given certain environmental conditions and is not covered by the terms of the Warranty.

How To Obtain Warranty Service

Your continued satisfaction with your travel trailer is of utmost importance to Escape Trailer Industries.
Please follow these steps for fast, efficient warranty service.

Warranty service requests must be made within the warranty period and should ordinarily be initiated by
Escape Trailer Industries.

1. Inspect your travel trailer thoroughly to determine exactly what service is required.

2. Contact Escape Trailer Industries by phone or email with this information.

3. If Escape Trailer Industries is not within a reasonable proximity for service, Escape Trailer Industries
will work with a reputable service center near the customer.

3

NOTE: Your appliances are warranted both by the appliance manufacturer and by Escape Trailer

Industries. All appliances furnished with your travel trailer are “name-brands”, and the manufacturer may
have a service facility near you. If so, you may be able to obtain even faster service by requesting service
directly from the appliance manufacturer.

Unit Information Packet

In addition to this Owner’s Manual, a unit information packet is located within your new recreational
vehicle. Inside the packet are product manuals and information on systems and equipment in the trailer.
Individual product warranty registrations accompan y this information and should be completed and m ailed
promptly.

Get To Know Your Unit Before Heading Out

Throughout the manufacturing process, your recreational vehicle has undergone rigorous testing of all the
systems and has been inspected by qualified inspectors. As the owners, however, you will be the first to
camp and extensively use every system. Escape Trailer Industries wants the first camping experience to
be a happy one and recommends a “Trial Camping Experience” before heading out. Plan a weekend in
the yard or driveway and really camp in your unit.

By camping consistently for several days in your unit, you will have the opportunity to use and become
accustomed to the systems within your unit and find out what items are needed/not needed while
camping. Note any questions that arise, difficulties encountered or problems that occur. After your trial,
call or email Escape Trailer Industries and ask any questions that have arisen. Getting to know your unit
before the first adventure can save a lot of frustration and leave more time for fun!

NOTE: Your Escape Trailer Industries Warranty covers warrantable repairs that are performed by an

authorized Escape Trailer Industries dealer at their service center or facility only. It is important for the
owner to know that if you are unable to bring your unit in for repairs, Escape Trailer Industries is not
responsible for any costs incurred for the service call charge, or time accrued to come out to your unit.
Your unit is a recreational vehicle and not intended, nor manufactured, as a permanent residence. Long­term or full-time occupancy may lead to premature deterioration and may
warranty, constitute misuse and reduce your warranty protection.

, under the terms of the

4

Chapter 2: Effects of Prolonged Occupancy

Your recreational vehicle was designed primarily for recreational use and short-term occupancy. If you
expect to occupy the coach for an extended period, be prepar e d to deal with cond ens ati on and the humid
conditions that may be encountered. The relatively small volume and tight compact construction of
modern recreational vehicles means that the normal living activities of even a few occupants will lead to
rapid moisture saturation of the air contained in the trailer and the appearance of visible moisture,
especially in cold weather.

Just as moisture collects on the outside of a glass of cold water during humid weather, moisture can
condense on the inside surfaces of the recreational vehicle during cold weather when relative humidity of
the interior air is high. This condition is increased because the insulated walls of a recreational vehicle are
much thinner than house walls. Estimates indicate that a family of four can vaporize up to three gallons of
water daily through breathing, cooking, bathing and washing.

Unless the water vapor is carried outside by ventilation or condensed by a dehumidifier, it will condense
on the inside of the windows and walls as moisture or in cold weather as frost or ice. Appearance of these
conditions may indicate a serious condensation problem. When you recognize the signs of excessive
moisture and condensation in the trailer, action should be taken to minimize their effects.

Ventilation, Condensation and Moisture Management

The following steps should be taken to aid in eliminating internal moisture condensation:

Interior Care of Your RV

Signs of excessive moisture can be obvious, such as water droplets forming on surfaces or wet areas
around cushions or mattress. Conversely, signs of excess moisture can be subtle, such as condensation
forming on metal surfaces. When symptoms appear it is important to timely determine the cause of the
excess moisture and take appropriate corrective action to prevent moisture related damage.

Control Relative Humidity

Monitoring and controlling relative humidity within the RV is one of the most important steps to minimize
the risk for moisture-related damage. Ideally, relative humidity should be at 60% or less. Relative humidity
can be monitored utilizing a portable hygrometer, a small device that measures temperature and relative
humidity. Hygrometers are available at electronics or building supply stores for approximately thirty dollars
($30).

Use exhaust fans, the air conditioner, and/or a portable dehumidifier to manage moisture inside the RV to
maintain relative humidity at 60% or less. In cold climates, relative humidity may need to be at 35% or
less to avoid window condensation issues.

If the RV is used the majority of the time in a hot-humid climate, it may be difficult to keep relative
humidity below 60%. A dehumidifier will help, but it is important to check the condensation (water)
collection bucket regularly or discharge the condensation (water) directly to a drain.

5

Avoid Drastic Thermostat Setbacks

Cooler surface temperatures increase the potential for condensation and surface mold growth. To
minimize the opportunity for condensation to form on interior surfaces, maintain a comfortable
temperature in your RV, and avoid nighttime setbacks of 10 degrees or more. Drastic setbacks that
reduce the indoor air temperature quickly can increase the chance for airborne moisture to condense on
cool surfaces such as windows. If you are away from your RV for an extended number of days, we
recommend that you do not set the temperature back without taking other measures to manage relative
humidity, including operating a dehumidifier with a continuous drain.

Manage Window Condensation

Window condensation issues can be identified by water or ice build-up, usually at the base of the window.
The majority of these problems can be addressed by managing moisture generated inside the RV. Minor
condensation issues are not unusual, especially for RVs used in colder climates. The key is to manage
this small amount of moisture if evident by wiping the surface, and as discussed above, maintaining a
reasonable relative humidity within the unit.

To help minimize window condensation, use exhaust fans vented to the outside, avoid drastic changes in
thermostat settings, do not use ‘vent-free’ heaters and use window coverings wisely. For example, make
sure to open curtains or blinds during the day to allow air to circulate and warm the window surface.

Storage and Other Isolated Areas Within the RV

Storage areas are more difficult to condition since the areas are isolated from the main body of the RV.
The surfaces of these areas are more at risk for condensation and surface mold growth. To minimize this
risk, clean storage areas regularly, and allow an air space between stored items and the exterior wall to
promote air circulation.

During prolonged use of the recreational vehicle in very cold weather, closet and cabinet doors should be
left partially open in order to ventilate the interiors of storage compartments built against exterior walls.
The air flow will aid in warming exterior walls, assist in reducing or eliminating condensation, and prevent
possible ice formation.

Use of Unvented Combustion Equipment

Unvented combustion equipment, such as propane stovetops, are a source of moisture within the RV. For
every gallon of fuel consumed, approximately one gallon of water vapor is evaporated into the air.
Whenever possible, operate an exhaust fan in combination with the use of any unvented combustion
appliance within the RV. Water vapor and other combustion by-products should be vented to the exterior
of the RV. The RV owner should strictly follow use and maintenance instructions for safe operation of any
combustion equipment, par ticul arl y unve nte d equipment.

DO NOT HEAT THE TRAILER WITH RANGE OR OVEN.

6

(WARNING Continued)
In addition to the dangers of toxic fumes and oxygen depletion which makes heating with the range or oven very

dangerous, open flames add moisture to the interior air, increasing condensation. Do not use an air humidifier inside
the trailer.

Use of Your RV

It is important to remember that the square footage of an RV is significantly less than that of a single
family residence. This fact alone will elevate the relative humidity because there is less volume of air to
help absorb or dissipate the humidity. For example, showering and cook ing creat e a lot of hum idit y in a
small area. In these instances, use of an exhaust fan and opening windows should reduce the relative
humidity, particularly when living in the RV for an extended period.

Ventilate your recreational vehicle regularly by partially opening roof vents and one or more windows. Use
vents when using the range or shower. While this venting will increase the furnace heating load, it will
greatly reduce, or eliminate, water condensation. NOTE: Even when it is raining or snowing, ventilation air
from outside will be far drier than interior air and will effectively reduce condensation.

Remember to run the range vent fan when cooking and the bath vent fan (or open bath vent) when
bathing to carry water vapor out of the trailer. Avoid excessive steam resulting from boiling water or use of
hot water. Remove snow or water from shoes or boots before entering the trailer to avoid soaking floor.

Also avoid drying overcoats or other clothes inside the trailer

Exterior Care Of Your RV

The exterior shell of the RV is the primary weather and moisture barrier. Over the life of the RV, the shell
will require regular care and maintenance in accordance with the owner’s manual. The shell includes the
roof, sidewalls, windows, doors, and under-floor. Particular attention needs to be devoted to these
components in order to maintain a tight barrier against bulk water intrusion.

The shell should be inspected periodically for cracks, gaps, and condition of sealants in accordance with
your owner’s manual. Areas that require maintenance should be resealed utilizing a similar, high quality
sealant used by the manufacturer.

Storage of Your RV

During those periods when your RV is not in use, care must be taken to ensure moisture sources are
addressed. Ideal storage of your RV would be in an enclosed climate controlled environment. When this
is not possible, the following steps should be taken to ensure moisture is controlled:

• Turn off all water sources;

• Turn off all combustion appliances;

• Drain the water tank(s);

• Drain the water heater;

• Open all closets, cabinet doors and drawers;

• Close all windows and entrance doors;

7

• Open a vent or a window enough to allow for some limited ventilation air flow, but not so far as to allow
snow or rain to enter;

When storing the RV in high humidity climates (ambient relative humidity is greater than 60% year round),
add a dehumidifier drained to exterior to control humidity inside the RV during storage.

Wet Areas

Areas that are exposed to water spills or leaks should be dried as soon as possible and definitely within
24-48 hours. Drying areas quickly minimizes the chance for moisture damage and possible mold growth,
which can begin to form colonies in 24-48 hours. A variet y of methods can be us e d to help the dr ying
process:

• Remove excess water with an extraction vacuum.

• Use a dehumidifier to aid drying.

• Because moisture is key to mold issues, treat all signs of condensation and spills seriously and deal with
promptly. Failure to deal with a moisture issue promptly may cause more severe issues where none
initially existed, or may make a small problem much worse.

• Be sure to understand and eliminate the source of moisture accumulation as a part of the clean-up.
Otherwise, the same issues will simply recur.

• Small amounts of mold should be cleaned as soon as they appear. Small areas of mold should be
cleaned using a detergent/soapy solution or an appropriate household cleaner. Gloves should be worn
during cleaning. The cleaned area should then be thoroughly dried. Dispose of any sponges or rags used
to clean mold.

Use A Dehumidifier

During prolonged and continuous usage of the trailer, a dehumidifying appliance may be more
comfortable and effective in removing excess moisture from interior air. While use of a dehumidifier is not
a cure-all, operation of a dehumidifier will reduce the amount of outside air needed for ventilation. Thus,
the heating load on the furnace will be reduced and the interior will be less drafty.

Remember, your trailer is not designed, nor intended, for permanent housing. Use of this product for long-term or
permanent occupancy may lead to premature deterioration of structure, interior finishes, fabrics, carpeting and
drapes. Damage or deterioration due to long-term occupancy may not be considered normal and may, under the
terms of the warranty, constitute misuse, abuse or neglect and may therefore reduce the warranty protection.

USE OF KEROSENE OR OTHER AFTERMARKET SPACE HEATERS IS NOT RECOMMENDED AND IS AT YOUR
OWN RISK. SUCH HEATERS MAY DISCHARGE MOISTURE AND GASES FROM COMBUSTION INTO YOUR
TRAILER OR CAUSE EXCESSIVE INDOOR HUMIDITY. SUCH HEATERS MAY ALSO CAUSE A FIRE, DEPLETE

8

(WARNING Continued)
OXYGEN, OR RELEASE CARBON MONOXIDE OR OTHER HARMFUL GASES WHICH CAN CAUSE SERIOUS

INJURY OR DEATH.

Chapter 3: Towing and Leveling

Your Travel Trailer — a True Recreational Vehicle

Your travel trailer is a vacation home on wheels. It is carefully designed for every normal recreational use
and activity including travel.

Escape Trailer Industries strongly recommends that your recreational vehicle not be occupied while
traveling. It is unsafe and illegal to ride in a travel trailer. Your recreational vehicle is not equipped with
seat belts or other highway safety provisions commonly required for passenger vehicles. Also in some
emergency conditions cargo could shift suddenly resulting in injury or even death.

Do’s and Don’ts For Equipment Selection

• Be sure the tow vehicle is large enough for your trailer or fifth wheel and has the needed power and
heavy duty running gear. It must be rated by its manufacturer to tow the gross weight, and to carry the
hitch weight of the fully loaded trailer or fifth wheel.

• Use a weight distributing hitch rated not less than the trailer Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR).
Follow the tow vehicle and hitch manufacturers' instructions. Install the hitch ball as close as practical to
the rear bumper to minimize rear overhang. (Does not apply to fifth wheels.)

• Do not over-tighten the weight distributing hitch spring bars. Follow the instructions of the hitch
manufacturer. When in doubt, use the less tight spring bar setting. (Does not apply to fifth wheels.) For
more information, see “Hitches & Towing” on page 17.

• Do not add any type of adapter to the fifth wheel king pin, such as a goose neck adapter. Lengthening
the fifth wheel hitch by means of an adapter will transfer greater loads to the chassis, possibly more than
the chassis is designed for, and could result in structural damage. Damage that is a direct result of the
use of such an adapter is not covered by Escape Trailer Industries warranty.

• Use a brake controller that automatically applies the brakes in proportion to the tow vehicle brakes and
also has a hand control for applying the trailer brakes only.

• Adjust the brake controller so that the brakes of the trailer come on as quickly as possible
without sliding the tires of the loaded trailer during strong braking.

• Inflate the rear tires of the tow vehicle to their maximum cold pressure. (See the maximum pressure
rating on the rear tire sidewalls.)

• Load heavy objects and goods as close to the trai ler ax le(s ) as possib le. Do not plac e hea vy objects on
the rear bumper or on the tongue.)

9

Towing Guidelines

Weight distribution is an important factor when loading your fifth wheel and travel trailer. A recreational
vehicle with the cargo distributed properly will result in efficient, trouble-free towing. Loading the coach as
evenly as possible and then weighing the loaded RV can accomplish proper weight distribut io n. Kee p
heavier items as low as possible and distribute evenly (front to back and side to side). Securing your
possessions can prevent damage from shifting during towing and maintain the weight distribution balance
achieved during preparation for travel.

You must not exceed the GVWR or GAWR of the unit (see definitions). To verify GVWR, total the loaded
hitch and axle weights. If this total exceeds GVWR, you must remove items until the veh icle wei ght is
within this limit. You can verify that the coach’s axles are not overloaded by comparing the loaded axle
weight with the GAWR. If the reading is above this limit, redistribute the item load.

Finally, make sure the pin weight of the loaded fifth wheel falls within the limits of the tow vehicle.

NEVER RIDE IN YOUR RECREATIONAL VEHICLE.
Passengers are not permitted in the recreational vehicle while it is in motion.

Tow Vehicle Disclaimer
In connection with the use and operation of Escape Trailer Industries recreational vehicles, Escape Trailer Industries

customers and owners of Escape Trailer Industries recreational vehicles are solely responsible for the selection and
proper use of tow vehicles. All customers should consult with a motor vehicle manufacturer or dealer concer n ing the
purchase and use of suitable tow vehicles for Escape Trailer Industries products. Escape Trailer Industries further
disclaims any liability with respect to damages which may be incurred by a customer or owner of Escape Trailer
Industries recreational vehicles as a result of the operation, use or misuse of a tow vehicle. NOTE: ESCAPE
TRAILER INDUSTRIES’S WARRANTY DOES NOT COVER DAMAGE TO THE RECREATIONAL VEHICLE OR
THE TOW VEHICLE AS A RESULT OF THE OPERATION, USE OR MISUSE OF THE TOW VEHICLE.

Weight Ratings - Definitions

GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weig ht Rating )

The maximum permissible weight of this coach when fully loaded. It includes all weight at the unit’s
axle(s) and tongue or pin.

UVW (Unloaded Vehicle Weight)

The weight of this trailer as manufactured at the factory. It includes all weight at the trailer axle(s) and
tongue or pin. The UVW does not include cargo or fresh water.

10

CCC (Cargo Carrying Capacity)

Is equal to GVWR minus the UVW.

GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating)

The maximum allowable weight that an axle system is designed to carry, as measured at the tire/ ground
interfaces.

Weight Rating - Label

The information on the weight ratings is contained on the Transport Canada label: This label contains the
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) / Serial Number for the vehicle rated. These ratings are specific for
each fifth wheel and travel trailer manufactured. Use only the ratings found on these labels.

The label is required to be on the exterior road-side near the front corner of the vehicle.
This label identifies the cargo carrying capacity after considering all manufacturer installed equipment, full

propane tanks and full fresh water tank. This is the maximum amount of cargo you can add to this
vehicle. We strongly recommend weighing your loaded RV prior to travel as described in this manual
beginning on page 15 to ascertain you are within all weight limitations.

Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit

Locate the cargo carrying capacity on the RV Trailer Cargo Carrying Capacity Label.
When loading your cargo, be sure it is distributed evenly to prevent overloading front to back and side to

side. Heavy items should be placed low and as close to the axle positions as reasonable. Too many items
on one side may overload a tire.

All objects should be held securely in place. Loose items can cause interior damage and erratic trailer
movements. They can even be a hazard to others if they fall out. Load shifts can affect driving and
handling enough to cause serious, unexpected danger. Inspect tie-downs and fastenings, as well as the
load, at regular intervals every hour or two, depending on roads, curves, hills, and speed. The first check
should be made within a half hour after the trip is started or after the first 25 miles, since some initial
settling is likely.

If you are going on a long trip, take a “shakedown cruise” of a few miles the weekend before you leave.
This will test your load, safet y equipment, hitch, and might reveal things you mis s ed or forgot. B y getting
everything in order before you leave home, you can prevent delays and annoyances that could take the
fun out of your trip.

Many owners place luggage, camping equipment, bicycles, and other items in the travel trailer. The
weight of everything put on or in a trailer, whether temporarily or permanently built-in, must be included in
figuring the total load.

How Overloading Affects Your RV and Tires

The results of overloading can have serious consequences for passenger safety. Too much weight on
your vehicle's suspension system can cause spring, shock absorber, or brake failure, handling or steering
problems, irregular tire wear, tire failure or other damage.

11

If insufficient weight is placed on the hitch, the trailer will tend to move from side to side, or to “fishtail”,
which can be dangerous. Towed trailers are designed to have proper weight on the hitch for balance
when the trailer floor is level.

An overloaded vehicle is hard to drive and hard to stop. In cases of serious overloading, brakes can fail
completely, particularly on steep hills. The load a tire will carry safely is a combination of the size of tire,
its load range, and corresponding inflation pressure.

It is the air pressure that enables a tire to support the load, so proper inflation is critical. Under-inflated
tires can show excessive signs of wear, cause reduced handling capability, overheat, suffer belt
separation or fail completely.

Tires should never be inflated beyond the maximum cold inflation pressure molded into the sidewall of the
tire. See chapter 10 for additional information.

WHILE CARGO CAN BE ADDED UP TO THE MAXIMUM CARGO CARRYING CAPACITY, CARE MUST ALSO BE
EXERCISED TO NEVER EXCEED THE GAWR, GVWR, NOR THE MAXIMUM LOAD RATINGS FOR YOUR
VEHICLE OR HITCH.

OVERLOADING OR IMBALANCED LOADING OF YOUR TRAVEL TRAILER CAN AFFECT HANDLING OR CAUSE
AN ACCIDENT THAT COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.

EXCESSIVE LOADS AND/OR UNDER-INFLATION CAUSE TIRE OVERLOADING AND, AS A RESULT,
ABNORMAL TIRE FLEXING OCCURS. THIS SITUATION CAN GENERATE AN EXCESSIVE AMOUNT OF HEAT
WITHIN THE TIRE. EXCESSIVE HEAT MAY LEAD TO TIRE FAILURE.

WHEEL SEPARATION CAN OCCUR! EXCEEDING THE GVWR AND GAWR RATINGS FOR YOUR UNIT COULD
RESULT IN SERIOUS DAMAGE TO THE SUSPENSION, FRAME OR OTHER COMPONENTS.

Weighing Your Unit

The total weight, including liquids, groceries, clothing, etc. must not exceed the Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating (GVWR) stated on the Transport Canada Label on your Trailer. The total load on the front and rear
wheels must not exceed the respective Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) shown on the label.

12

Travel Trailer

• Drive the loaded trailer onto the scale, making sure that the hitch will be the only contact point with the
scale after unhooking. Unhook and drive the tow vehicle off the scales. Level
weight.

• Hookup to the trailer and pull forward on the scales until only the trailer axles are on the scale. Level the
trailer and record the axle weight.

• To determine total trailer weight, add the hitch weight plus axles.

1. The total trailer weight (dry weight of standard unit plus options added plus water stored plus liquid
wastes in holding tanks plus all cargo) must not exceed the GVWR stated on the label of your trailer.

2. The total load of your fully loaded trailer on the tires when connected to the towing vehicle must not
exceed the combined total Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). The GAWR is stated on the Transport
Canada Label.

3. The hitch weight must not exceed your hitch manufacturer’s recommendation. It should be 10 to 15
percent of the total travel trailer weight.

4. Equalize side to side loading. Store heavy objects on or near the floor.

5. Avoid towing with waste holding tank(s) full or partially full. If unavoidable, drive slowly until one or both
tanks can be dumped.

the trailer and record hitch

6. Keep water tank either completely full or empty when towing to avoid the shifting of weight of a partially
filled tank.

Fifth Wheel

• Pull onto the scale until all tow vehicle tires are on the scale. Record this weight (vehicle + pin weight of
trailer).

• Pull forward until only the trailer wheel tires are on the scale. Record the axle weight.

• Pull off the scale, unhook the trailer and weigh the truck by itself.

1. The total load on the trailer tires when connected to the towing vehicle must not exceed the combined
total Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). The GAWR is stated on the Transport Canada Label.

2. Calculate the pin load by subtracting the weight of the truck (without trailer attached) from the weight of
the truck with the trailer attached. The pin weight thus obtained should be 19% - 25% of the total trailer
weight for good towing. The pin weight must not exceed the maximum allowable for your truck. (Consult
truck manufacturer’s specifications for your vehicle).

3. Calculate total weight by adding pin weight obtained in step two to axle weight from step one. This total
must not exceed the GVWR stated on the Transport Canada Label.

These procedures should be repeated whenever there is any change in vehicles or loading to ensure that
you do not exceed the ratings.

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Storage

The storage facilities in your trailer have been designed to remain secure while in motion. Exterior
compartments have key operated locks. Drawers have spring catches installed; extra effort is necessary
when pulling drawers open to release the catch. When storing articles:

• Always keep tools and equipment stored in areas where they will not shift while traveling.

• Wherever possible, place heavy articles in storage compartments which are low and near the axles for
better weight distribution.

• Pack articles carefully in the storage compartments to minimize shifting. If necessary, use straps to
prevent movement.

• Be sure liquid containers are capped and cannot tip or spill. Secure all glass containers and dishes
before traveling.

• Exterior storage compartments may not be watertight in all climate conditions. Carry any articles which
could be damaged by water inside the trailer.

OUTSIDE STORAGE COMPARTMENTS ARE NOT SEALED. THEY ARE VENTED ENCLOSURES, AND ARE
ACCESSIBLE FROM INSIDE THE TRAILER. THEREFORE, DO NOT STORE FLAMMABLE, VOLATILE LIQUIDS,
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS OR EQUIPMENT IN THESE AREAS.

Hitches and Towing

Hitching your trailer to the tow vehicle will become routine with experience. Make it a habit to examine all
hitch components before hitching the trailer. If you have a conventional ball hitch, check for cracked or
bent parts, cracked welds, deformed or stripped bolts. Inspect the spring bars and chains. Be sure the
ball is tight and well lubricated. Check the trailer tongue for cracks. Be sure the ball locking device works
freely. Inspect the safety chains. If you find a defect in any hitch component, correct it before towing the
trailer.

If you have a fifth wheel trailer, check all truck-mounted hitch components. Check for worn, cracked, or
bent parts. Be sure the locking device works properly. Inspect the pin box assembly on the trailer. Check
the king pin. If you find any defective components, repair or replace them before towing. Be sure all
moving parts of the hitch are well lubricated.

Fifth Wheel

1. Adjust the landing gear jacks until coach is at a level for hooking to the tow vehicle.

2. Place wheel chocks behind fifth wheel’s tires.

3. Lower the tailgate on truck.

4. Release the fifth wheel lock handle on the tow vehicle.

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5. Line up the tow vehicle so the fifth wheel will accept the kingpin.

6. Check clearances. You may need to close truck tail gate, when far enough past kingpin to do so, prior
to fully engaging fifth wheel hitch.

7. Back truck slowly until kingpin engages the fifth wheel and automatically locks.

8. Ensure the lock is closed, and locked in closed position.

9. Connect the power seven-way cord between the tow vehicle and the fifth wheel.

10. Connect the emergency breakaway switch cable.

11. Completely raise the landing gear.

12. Remove and store the wheel chocks.

13. Check the tire pressure while the vehicle tires are cold.

14. Re-torque the lug nuts. Refer to “Wheel Nut Torque”.

Travel Trailers

Before attempting to hitch up your trailer, read the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the hitch.
Escape Trailer Industries trailers accept a 2-inch ball. The following instructions apply in most cases. If
the instructions provided with your hitch are different from these instructions, follow those of the hitch
manufacturer:

1. Place wheel chocks behind the travel trailers tires.

2. Turn the tongue jack crank clockwise. This will raise the tongue and coupler. Raise the tongue
sufficiently to clear the hitch ball on the tow vehicle.

3. Back the tow vehicle until the hitch ball is under the hitch ball socket. If you are working alone, a
backing aid mirror may be helpful. Set the parking brake.

4. The coupler latch locking lever on the tongue should be fully open. Lower the tongue jack until the ball
is firmly seated in the socket. Close the coupler latch and secure it with a locking pin or bolt.

5. Raise the tow vehicle and trailer with the tongue jack high enough to allow room to install the hitch
spring bars. (The tow vehicle will come up with it if the coupler is properly latched).

6. Attach the spring bars according to the hitch manufacturer’s instructions.

7. After adjusting the spring bars, raise the jack off the ground to its highest level. Note that the trailer
must be relatively level front to back. Tilt in either direction must be kept to an absolute minimum. Having
the front lower than the rear reduces towing stability on tandem axle trailers.

8. Connect all safety chains. Safety chains are extremely important to protect your investment as well as
other people’s lives and property. As a trailer owner, it is your responsibility to be familiar with these
devices and their correct use. The hitch on your tow vehicle must be equipped with two chain attachment
eyes on each side of the vehicle’s centerline. Both chains should be the same length and crossed under
the trailer’s tongue to hold the tongue off the ground if the trailer accidentally becomes uncoupled.

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9. Connect the emergency breakaway switch cable.

10. Plug in the 12-vo l t 7-way electrical connector.

11. Check stop lights, turn lights, running lights, and electric brakes before driving off. See ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM section in this manual for details of the electrical system and wiring.

12. Remove and store the wheel chocks.

13. Reverse the procedure for unhitching, placing wheel chocks at the front and rear of the trailer tires
prior to uncoupling the trailer from the tow vehicle to ensure the trailer does not roll away when the
coupling is released.

FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE HITCH MANUFACTURER FOR ADJUSTING THE WEIGHT
DISTRIBUTING HITCH. OVERTIGHTENING OF HITCH SPRI NG BA RS WILL REDUCE CORNERING AND
STOPPING ABILITY AS WELL AS TOWING STABILITY.

NEVER ATTACH SAFETY CHAINS TO THE HITCH BALL OR ANY REMOVABLE PART OF THE HITCH.

DO NOT CONNECT THE BREAKAWAY SWITCH LANYARD TO THE HI TCH BAL L OR ANY REMOVABLE PART
OF THE HITCH.

Before Towing

• Disconnect and securely store all park connections.

• Close and secure all doors, windows, awnings and roof vents.

• Return the Entry step to the travel position.

• Refer to the “Pre-Travel Checklist” located in the Appendix.

Towing

Towing a recreational vehicle can be enjoyable and worry-free if special attention toward safety is applied
every time you hit the road. Before heading out on your first camping trip, practice turning, stopping and
backing in low traffic areas or large parking lots. In time, traveling with a recreational vehicle in tow will be
as easy as driving the family car.

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Before Heading Out

Weight Distribution

Proper weight and load distribution is absolutely essential to safe towing. It is necessary to maintain a
certain percentage of gross vehicle weight on the tow vehicle. Common recommendations place
approximately 10% - 15% of a loaded weight on a travel trailer hitch and approximately 20% - 25% on a
fifth wheel pin weight. Too much or too little weight upon the hitch leads to dangerous driving conditions
such as sway and reduced tow vehicle control. In no circumstance should the loaded weight ever exceed
the GVWR or the GAWRs.

Safety Chains

Always use safety chains when towing. They maintain the connection between the travel trailer and tow
vehicle in the event of separation of the ball and trailer coupling. Safety chains are included with every
travel trailer and are required when towing a travel trailer. Hook them to the frame of the tow vehicle (not
the hitch), crossing them under the trailer’s tongue. Inspect the length of the chains once attached to the
tow vehicle frame. They should be long enough to allow for turns, but short enough to avoid any drag.

Breakaway Switch

The breakaway switch is another safety device as it provides a means of automatically slowing and
stopping your RV if it should become detached during traveling. The cable from the break-away switch
should be attached to the tow vehicle so that it remains connected in the event the trailer coupling
detaches from the hitch ball. The breakaway switch is powered from the RV 12 Volt battery. If separation
occurs the pin is pulled out of the switch and current from the RV battery is applied to the trailer brakes.
See electrical section for testing breakaway switch.

DISCONNECT THE UNIT FROM THE SEVEN-WAY TOW VEHICLE CORD PRIOR TO TESTING THE
BREAKAWAY SWITCH. FAILURE TO DO SO MAY CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE BRAKE CONTROLLER.

Tire Pressure

Maintaining proper tire pressure is another key to safety. The cold inflation pressure for each tire is
located on the Canada Transport Label. Cold inflation pressure refers to the pressure in the tire prior to
traveling. Always check your tire pressure before traveling. Under-inflated tires will cause excessive
sidewall flexing and produce extreme heat, leading to early tire failure and possible loss of control.
Overinflated tires can cause uneven tire wear and also lead to early failure. More information on tires and
maintenance can be found in the Care and Maintenance section.

• Most tires may naturally lose air over time, up to several PSI per month in some conditions.

• Tires can lose air suddenly if you drive over a pothole or other object or if you strike the curb when
parking.

• With radial tires, it is usually not possible to determine under-inflation by visua l in spec tion .

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Level Towing

Having the tow vehicle and recreational vehicle level with each other will help improve tow-abi lity as well
as safe driving. A hitch that is too low can cause the front of the trailer to drag. A hitch that is too high can
cause the rear of the trailer to hit those high spots in the road.

Lights

Check all electrical connections to ensure all lights on the tow vehicle and travel trailer are functioning
properly. The brake lights, hazards and turn signals should be in synchronization with the tow vehicle.

Tire Safety Tips (also see chapters 9&10)

Preventing Tire Damage

• Slow down if you have to go over a pothole or other objects in the road.

• Do not run over curbs or other foreign objects in the roadway, and try not to strike the curb when
parking.

Tire Safety Checklist

• Check tire pressure regularly (at least once per month), including the spare.

• Inspect tires for uneven wear patterns on the tread, cracks, foreign objects, or other signs of wear or
trauma.

• Remove bits of glass and foreign objects wedged in the tread.

• Make sure your tire valves have valve caps.

• Do not overload your vehicle.

• Drivers should always obey posted speed limits and reduce speeds when necessary based on vehicle,
road, weather and/ or traffic conditions.

• Vehicle speed, load and inflation pressures, all of which are within the control of the driver, are critical
factors for the safe and enjoyable operation of any vehicle.

• The tire designation ‘ST’ is the tire specifically for use by the trailer industry. Industry standards indicate
tires with the ‘ST’ designation are speed restricted to 100 KMH under normal inflation and load conditions
unless a different speed restriction is indicated on the sidewall of the tire. Therefore Escape Trailer
Industries recommends restricting your towing speed to a maximum of 100 KMH. N EV ER EX C E ED
POSTED SPEED LIMITS.

Check tires for proper inflation and wheel lug torque to meet manufacturer’s specifications.

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Level towing must be achieved through adjusting the hitch ball height on the tow vehicle. If after hitching up and
adjusting the spring bars (as described earlier in this manual) you find your vehicle out of level, measure the amount
the vehicle is out of level and have a qualified professional adjust the hitch ball height on the tow vehicle.

While Driving

Driving with a trailer in tow is different. Start out slowly, checking the traffic after signaling and being sure
the road is clear. Accelerate slowly and evenly, checking the mirrors frequently as you move into the
proper lane. Try to drive with an anticipation of problems that may occur way ahead and prepare for them,
even though they may never happen. As a motorist sharing the road, you are taller, heavier, longer and
require more time and distance to stop. Weather and road conditions will require adjustments to speed.
Anticipate dips, gutters, and depressions in the road, slowing down well in advance. These are the
hardest jolts of any kind on your vehicle, hitch, recreational vehicle and items stored inside the unit. Take
dips and bumps slowly and be certain the trailer wheels have passed the point before accelerating.

Towing Speed

Reasonable speed is probably the greatest factor in safe and pleasant towing. Towing stability is
increased and emergency stopping distances are reduced with a reduction in speed. Reduce your driving
speed substantially while towing. Slow down for grades and turns. Towing stability is reduced downhill
and around bends. With experience, you will develop the special driving skills needed for safe trailer
towing.

Stability in Towing

Swaying of a trailer behind a tow vehicle is an inherent characteristic of any combination of two or more
vehicles. There are numerous factors that affect towing stability that you as the owner have control over
before you take your vehicle on your first trip. And there are factors you need to be aware of while driving.
We will address the most common factors in this section.

Choose the right tow vehicle

There are several factors in choosing a tow vehicle that will affect towing stability. The best source of
information to make an informed decision on matching the tow vehicle to the travel trailer is your RV
dealer and tow vehicle dealer. It would be impossible for us in this manual to address all the factors or
make specific recommendations, however, the following are important considerations:

Weight of the tow vehicle—Generally the heavier the tow vehicle the better because it will be better able
to dampen lateral loads through the hitch as a result of wind or other factors.

Wheel Base—The longer the wheel base the better. This is especially a factor as the length of the travel
trailer increases. The greater the wheel base of the tow vehicle the better it will be able to dampen lateral
loads through the hitch as a result of wind or other factors.

Rear Overhang Distance—The rear overhang is the distance from the hitch ball to the center of the rear
tow vehicle axle. A shorter distance will res ult in a m ore stable ride.

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