Ericsson KPC-300-400 UHF Service Manual

Maintenance Manual

KPC-300/400 Portable Radio

UHF

ericssonz

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SPECIFICATIONS.....................................................................................................................................................4

GENERAL ..................................................................................................................................................................5

CONTROLS................................................................................................................................................................ 6

INDICATORS............................................................................................................................................................. 7

OPERATION............................................................................................................................................................... 7

THEORY OF OPERATION................................................................................... .................................................... 7

TRANSMI TT ER ...................................................................................................................................................7

Low Pass Filter ..........................................................................................................................................7

Tx/rx Antenna Switch ......... .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... ...7

Rf Pow er Con t rol..... .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. . 9

REC E I VER ...... .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. 9

Receiver Front End And Mixer........... .. .. ............ .. ............ .. ............ .. .. ............ .. ............ .. ............ .. .. ...........9

45 Hhz Filter............................................................................................................................................... 9

Synthesiz er................................................................................................................................................10

Audio Logic..............................................................................................................................................10

CPU ......................................................................................................................................................................10

AUDIO SIGNAL PROC ESSOR U401 . .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. 10

CLOCK SHIFT....................................................................................................................................................10

POWER SUPPLY................................................................................................................................................1 1

RADIO PROGRAMMING ................ .......................................................... .......................................................... .. 11

PC PROGRAMMING.........................................................................................................................................11

PROGR A MMABLE FEATURES .............. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. 11

CHANNEL BUSY LOCK-OUT.........................................................................................................................11

CHANNEL GUARD...........................................................................................................................................11

SQUELCH TAIL ELIMINATION (STE)..................... ........................................................................ .............. 11

AUTOMATIC NUMBER IDENTIFICATION (A NI)........................... .......................................................... .. 11

CARRIER CONTROL TIMER ..........................................................................................................................13

TYPE 99 TONE DECODE .................................................................................................................................13

TELEPHONE INTERCONNECT (DTMF) (KPC-400 ONLY).......................................................................13

Page

NOTICE!

This manual covers Ericsson and General Electric products manufactured and sold by Ericsson Inc.

NOTE

Repairs to this equipment should be made only by an authorized service technician or facility designated by the supplier. Any repairs, alterations or substitution of recommended parts made by the user to this equipment not approved by the manufacturer could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment in addition to the manufacturer’s warranty.

NOTICE!

The software contained in this device is copyrighted by Ericsson Inc. Unpublished rights are reserved under the copyright laws of the United States.

This manual is published by inaccuracies of current information, or improvements to programs and/or equipment, may be made by changes will be incorporated into new edition s of this man ual. No part of this m anual may be reproduced or tr ansmitted in an y form or by any means, electron ic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose, without the express written permission of

Ericsson Inc.

, without any warranty. Improvements and changes to this manual necessitated by typographical errors,

Ericsson Inc.

, at any time and without notice. Such

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

TABLE O F CONT ENT S (Con tin ued )

Page

SCAN....................................................................................................................................................................13

Scan V ocabulary...................... ........ ...... ........ ........ ........ ...... ........ ........ ........ ...... ........ ........ ........ ...... ........ ..13

Pre-Scan Ope ra t ion...................................................................................................................................14

ALERT TONES....................................................................................................................................................14

Power-up Self-test ..................................................... .......................................................... .....................14

Carrier Co ntrol Timer...............................................................................................................................14

Channel Bu sy Lo ck -o ut............................................................................................................................14

T ype 99 Alert Tone........ .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. ..14

ANI Alert T one..........................................................................................................................................14

SCAN Alert T one...................... .... ...... ...... ...... .... ...... ...... ...... .... ...... ...... ...... .... ...... ...... ...... .... ...... ...... ...... ..14

Priority-One (P1) Scan ...................... .......................................................... .............................................15

Radio/Ch ann el Fail u re..............................................................................................................................15

SCA N O P ERATING M ODES ............. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .1 5

Simple SCAN............................................................................................................................................ 1 5

Prio rity S C AN....... .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. ..15

Scan n ing fo r C hannel Guard . .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .1 6

TONE P ROGRAMMING.. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .16

TYPE 9 9 FORMAT .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .17

MOTOROLA FORMAT......................................................................................................................................17

Individual Call ..........................................................................................................................................17

Group Cal l (Qui c k C all For mat)... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .1 8

ALIGNMENT ........................................................................................................................................................... 20

TEST EQUIPMEN T ................. ........................................................................ ...................................................20

Initial Setup...............................................................................................................................................20

BATTERY INFORMATION ....... .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .2 1

CHARGE BEFORE USIN G ...............................................................................................................................21

RECHARGING THE BA TTERY........................................................................................................................21

INSTALLING THE BATTERY PACK.................... ........................................................................ ...................21

REMOVING THE BATTERY PACK........................................................ .........................................................21

BATTERY CARE & MAINTENANCE .............................................................................................................21

BATTERY RECYCLING............................................................. .......................................................................22

OPERATING TIPS.......... .. ............ .. ............ .. ............ .. .. ............ .. ............ .. ............ .. .. ............ .. ............ .. ............ .. .. ....21

EFFICIENT RADIO OPERATION......................................................... ...........................................................22

ANTENNA CARE AND REPLACEMENT............ . ..................... . ................. ..... ................. . ..................... . .....22

ELECTRONIC DEVICES...................................................................................................................................22

AIRCRAFT ..........................................................................................................................................................22

BLASTING AREAS............................................................................................................................................22

POTENTIALL Y EXPLOSIVE A TMOSPHERES.................... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... .... .... .. .... ....22

ACCESSORIES.........................................................................................................................................................22

SWIVEL MOUNT REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT..................................................................................23

MAINTENANCE......................................................................................................................................................23

DISASSEMBLY............................ .. ............ ............ .. ............ ............ ............ .. ............ ............ .. ............ ............ ........23

REPLACEMENT PARTS.........................................................................................................................................24

PA RTS LIST ..............................................................................................................................................................25

DRAWINGS ..............................................................................................................................................................39

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

SPECIFICATIONS

General Specifications

Input Voltage:

7.5 VDC (nominal)

Vibration:

5 G (per U.S. Forest Service)

Shock:

One (1) meter drop (per EIA)

Dimensions (typical) H x W x D

Less knobs and antenna With high capacity battery:

137x66x43 mm (5.4”x2.6”x1 .7 ”)

With extra high capacity battery:

150x66x43 mm (5.9”x2.6”x1 .7 ”)

Weight

Radio (Less battery):

235g (8.3oz)

Radio and high capacity battery:

451g (15.9oz)

Radio and extra high capacity battery:

484g (17.0oz)

Batteries

High capacity: Dimension (H x W x D)

93x64x22 mm (3.7”x2.5”x0.9”)

Weight

203g (7.2oz) Extra high capacity: Dimension (H x W x D)

106x64x34.5m m

(4.2”x2.5”x1.35”) Weight

248g (8.6oz)

Ambient Temperature Range:

-30°C to +60°C

Relative Humidity:

95% at +50°C

Altitude

Operational: 5,000 m (16,400 ft) In Transit: 15,240 m (50,000 ft)

Transmitter

Frequency Range (MH z ): 403-440, 440-4 70 , 47 0-51 2 Rated RF Power (Watts): 4/1 Frequency Stability

(-30°C to +60°C; +25 Ref): ±0.00025% Modulation/Deviation (kHz): ±2.5 / ±5

FM Hum And Noise (Companion Receiver) (dB): -40/-34 (25/12.5 kHz mode) Audio Response: Meets TIA/EIA-603, Par 5.2.6

(6dB/octave pre-emphasis

from 300 to 3000 Hz) Spurious And Harmonics (dB): Meets FCC/DOC Frequency Separation (MHz ): Full Bandwidth Audio Distortion: <5 % at rated audio @ 1000 Hz

for entire range

Receiver

Frequency Range (MH z ): 403-440, 440-4 70 , 47 0-51 2 Channel Spacing (kHz): 12.5 / 25 Sensitivity 12 dB SINAD

(µV): 0.35

Selectivity

@ 12.5 kHz (dB): 60

@ 25 kHz (dB): 68 Intermodulation 12.5/25 kHz (dB): -60/-65 Spurious And Image Rejection (dB): -68 Rated Audio Output 500 mW @ 5% maximum

distortion

Environmental

STANDARD U.S. Military Spec 810E

Methods & Procedures

Low Pressure 500.3/1,2 High Temperature 501.3/1,2 Operational 501.3/2 Low T emperature 502.3/1,2 Temperature S hock 503.3/1 Solar Radiation 505.3/2 Blowing Rain 506.3/1 Humidity 507.3/2 Salt fog 509.3/1 Blowing dust 510.3/1 Vibration 514.4/1, Category 1,10 Shock 516.4/1 Transit drop 516.4/4 Drop Section 5.3.5, ANSI/TIA/EIA-603

Regulatory Data

Frequency Range FCC Type DOC Cert. Number

MHz Acceptanc e No .

403-440 AXATR-350-A2 440-470 AXATR-350-A2 287-195 168A 470-512 AXATR-350-A2

GENERAL

The KPC-300/400 Portable Radio Unit operates in the conventional 403-512 MHz f requency band. The re are two versions, Scan and System, with the System Version having a DTMF keypad . Up to sixteen (16) RF chan nels may be pre-programmed into the radio using a personal computer. Power output on each channel can be programmed for either high power (4 watts) or low power (1 watt). The power output on each channel can be toggled between high or low depended upon the pre-programmed setting with High/Low button on the left side panel.

Each radio is ca pa ble of oper ati on in 12 .5 kH z or 25 kHz channel spacing systems. System deviation for 12.5 kHz channel spacing is 2.5 k Hz and 5 kHz for 25 kHz channel spacing.

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

Figure 2 - System Radio

Figure 1 - Scan Radio

The KPC-300 r adio contain s three (3) b uttons on t he front panel. The KPC-400 contains three (3) buttons along with a twelve (12) button DTMF pad on the front panel. The scan function allows monitoring of any or all channels. Any channel may be scanned with or without a priority level. One channel can be programmed for Priority 1 (P1) and another for Priority 2 (P2), with any or all remaining channels programmed as non-priority channels (S). There is also Emergency mode transmission capability. A LCD display provides status displa y of t he radio funct i on s a long with the display of the s ele cte d ch an ne l num be r.

The Universal Device Connector (UDC), located on the side of the radio, provides connections for external audio accessories. This connector also allows the radio system personnel to connect pro grammin g equipme nt and prog ram the per-channel an d overal l ra dio fea tur es .

Figure 3 - Back, Left And Top Panel Views

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

CONTROLS

The radio cont rols con sist of an ON/OFF/V OLUME control, PTT button, MONITOR button, Channel Select switch, EMERgency button and a High /Low button.

ON/OFF/VOLUME

PTT BUTTON

MONITOR

Turn s radio on an d off and adju sts audio listening level.

When the radio is turned on, it will resume operation at the last operating state (channel, etc.) and the power-up alert tones will be sounded. Three (3) beeps indicate the radio is in the normal (recei ve mode); four (4) beeps indicates the radio is s c an ni n g. The operating status of the radio will be displayed in the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) window.

Pressing the side of the radio will key the radio transmitter .

If the radio is not scanning, it will transmit on the selected (displayed) channel. If the radio is scanning when the pressed, the radio may be programmed to transmit on the selected channel or on the current receive scan channel if the pressed during the scan hang time.

If the selected channel is programmed with Type 99 Tone Decode enabled, pressing the button will disable Typ e 99 Tone Decode by switching the radio from the Selective Call mode to the Monitor mode. The ton must be released and then pressed a second time to key the radio.

The Monitor button has several functions. Its operation will vary depending upon programming.

PTT

button on the

PTT

button is

PTT

but-

CHANNEL SELECT

EMERgency

H/L

DTMF Keypad

(KPC-400 only)

toggle ON or OFF (if it is programmed on the selected channel).

The Monitor button is also used to reset the radio after a T y pe 99 call is recei ved. Quic kly pres s and r elease the button to reset the radio to receive the next Type 99 call.

A rotary switch permits selection of channels. Rotating the switch clockwise increases the channels and counterclockwise decreases the channe ls. The c hannel i s visible by looking at the channel switch from the top or viewing the LCD display.

Pressing f or at least one (1) sec ond will transmit the emergency ANI code on the selected chan nel or pre-progra mmed cha nn el.

Selects the transmit power output by toggling from high-low or low-high.

Three (3) buttons below the LCD display are used to control a variety of operations when used alone and to control scan operations when used in conjunction with the S button.

Toggles the scan feature on and off.

Used in conjunction with the button to add channels to the scan list or increase the channel’s priority status.

Used in conjunction with the button to erase the selected channel from the scan list.

Permits operator to make telephone interconnect calls on radio systems equipped with this option.

When the Monitor button is pressed and held down, all transmissions will be heard after three (3) seconds have passed, even if Channel Guard protected. This permits channel monitoring before transmitting. If the button is held for more than three (3) seconds, Channel Guard decode will

The top row of buttons (

2, 3

to three pre-programmed telephone interconnect numbers (see

Telephone Interconnect Calls

section).

) provide access to up

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

INDICATORS

The Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) indicates the channel number. In addition there are seven (7) status indicators (flags) which show scan status, Type 99 T one Decode status, transmit High/Low power status and Channel Guard status.

The LCD backlighting will turn on anytime a control button is pressed. It will remain on for five (5) se conds af ter the button is released. If a control button is pressed while the backlight is on, the backlight remains on for another five (5) seconds. Backlighting may be programmed to remain o ff at all times.

SCN HI S P1 P2 PG CG

Figure 4 - Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

CHANNEL

The selected channel number is

displayed in the LCD window.. When data is written into or read

from the radio a

is displayed.

when the selected channel is placed in the monitor mode or the reception of a call.

When this indicator is on, Channel Guard or digital Chanel Guard is enabled on the select ed channel. The indicator will go out when the selected channel is placed in the monitor mode.

When this indicator is on, the selected channel is enabled for transmit high power.

OPERATION

Detail operatin g procedures ar e found in Operator ’s Man-

ual AE/LZT 123 1898.

THEORY OF OPERATION

Refer to the Bl ock Diag ram durin g the following expla-

nations.

TRANSMITTER

STATUS

TX LED

SCN

Red light on steady - transmitter is active or keyed. Red light blinking - low battery voltage, recharge or replace battery. Yellow on steady - channel busy indication, radio has detected a carrier on selected channel.

This status indicator turns on when the scan function of the radio has been enabled.

When this indicator is on, the selected channel is a non-priority scan channel.

When this indicator is on, the selected channel is a Priority 1 scan channel.

When this indicator is on, the selected channel is a Priority 2 scan channel.

When this indicator is on, the selected chan nel is prog rammed as a paging channel (Type 99 Tone Decode). The indicator will blink

The transmitter consists of an exciter Q201, PA module U201, auto power control (APC) U202 with Q202 and Q203, directional coupler Z201 and associated components. The local signal input of approximately 0 dBm to the transmitter is provided by the synthesizer to the exciter. An amplifier provides 17 dB of gain to prod uce +17 dBm (50 mW) of driv e level to the PA module. During the receive mode, a band switch diode, D202, attenuates the rece i ve f irst loca l osc illator signal at the exciter input to reduce LO leakage at the antenna connector. T he PA module is a 3-stage amplifier that provides a minimum RF power output of 7.0 watts at a battery voltage of 7.2 VDC. The RF power output is fed through the directional coupler Z201 to the antenna. A shottkey diode D201 converts the detected RF signal in the directional coupler to a DC voltage to feed the auto power control circuitry.

Low Pass Filter

The low pass filter Z101 and impedance matching network, consisting of L121 and C171 are provided to prevent excessive transmitter harmonics during the transmit function.

Tx/Rx Antenna Switch

The Tx/Rx antenna switch, consisting of D101, D102 and associated circuitry, provides the switching of RF output to the antenna and the receive signal to the receiver . During the receive function, the diodes are cut of f, isolating the tra nsmit circuit from the antenna. During the transmit function, +5 volts is supplied to both diodes, turning them on and feeding the RF output from the transmitter PA module through the low pass filters via D101 to the antenna. The RF output is suppressed at the receiver RF front end filter by D102.

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

Figure 5 - Block Diagram

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

Rf Power Control

The DC voltage detected by the directional coupler Z201 is supplied to comparator U202 where it is compared with the power reference voltage PWR_REF. This comparison voltage controls the bias voltage to the PA module by drive transistor Q202, and the output power is stabilized by the auto power control circuitry. PWR_REF is provided by the central processing unit (CPU) from information programmed into the EEPROM. The PWR_REF voltage consists of six reference voltages: low frequency, middle frequency an d h igh fr eque nc y b an d in bo th th e h igh an d low power mode s. This po wer contro l provide s the flat ness of t he RF output under varied temperature, voltage supply and frequency bandwidth conditions.

RECEIVER

The receiver has a dual conversion circuitry consisting of a receiver front end, RF amplif ier Q101, 1st mixer Q102, 1st IF 70 MHz Monolithic Crystal Filter (MCF) Z102 and Z601, IF amplifier/limiter/discriminator U101, 2nd IF 455 kHz ceramic filters Z107, Z104, Z105 a nd c eram ic disc rim inator Z106. Receiver IF selectivity for 25 or 12.5 kHz channel spacing is determined by selecting the 455 kHz ceramic filter Z104 for 25 kHz spa cing or Z10 5 fo r 12 .5 kHz spa cin g.

The demodulated receive audio at the AF OUT port o f U101 is adjusted by Q104, R113 and R114 to produce a constant demodulated audio level input into the Audio Speech Pro cessor (ASP) regardless of th e receiver channel spacing mode, 12.5 or 25 kHz. The receive audio gain controlled by Q104 , R113 and R114 is increased by 6 dB when the receiver is switched from 25 kHz to 12.5 kHz channel spacing. Received audio signals and beep tones are amplified by audio frequency power amplifier U407 to achieve the rated 0.5 W audio output power to speaker SP1.

remove the 1st IF image (F MHz) and other out-of-band spurious responses. Total gain is approximately 8 dB with the first IF image rejection more than 68 dB.

To achieve the required RF bandpass filtering characteristics across the frequency band, the first front end filter is electronically tuned by c hanges in the B AND_SW volta ge which is fed to varactor diode D601-D603. This voltage is generated by the D/A converter U421 from the CPU input. The frequency band is divided into three sub-split bands, one at the low end, one in the middle and one at the upper end of the band. The CPU determines which sub-split the desired receive frequency is in and provides the appropriate digital input to U421 to generate the correct BAND_SW signal for RF passband tuning.

The recei ve signal is applie d to dual gate GaAsFE T mixer Q102 and mixed with the 0 dBm local oscillator injection from the synthesizer section to produce the 70 MHz first IF signal.

70 Hhz Filter

The mixer output is connected to the matching circuit and provided to the four pole 70 MHz MCF Z102. The 70 MHz crystal filter reduces the second IF image response (F kHz) to meet spurious response specification. The output of Z601 is applied to the 2nd mixer in the IF IC U101 through the matching circuitry.

U101 consists of the second mixer, two IF amplifiers/limiters, a quadrature detector and a noise filter amplifie r. The second mixer downconverts the first IF 70 MHz signal to the second IF frequency of 455 kHz. Crystal resonator Y101 and associated components provide a 69.545 MHz second IF local oscillator signal. Y101 operated in the third overtone mode.

-140 MHz) and 1st IF/2 (-35

-910

Short circuit protection for U407 consists of U416 and Q416. When AF P A AMP outputs, SP+ and SP-, are shorted together or shorted to ground, an excessive current will be sourced through transistor Q407 which is the pass transistor that provides bias to U407. This voltage drop across pass transistor Q407 will be compared in differential amplifier U416 and fed to voltage level translator Q416 which sends the excessive current status sta te information to the CPU. The CPU then sends a signal to Q407, turning it off and removing bias from U407. The software in the CPU assumes the short circuit is an intermittent short and resets for the excessive current state approximately six (6) seconds later. If the excessive current state still exists, the CPU again turns Q407 off. After five retries, the CPU assumes the short circuit is not intermittent and keeps Q407 turned off. The short circuit condition must be removed before the radio is turned off and then back on to reset the CPU.

Receiver Front End And Mixer

The receive signal is fed from the antenna to a bandpass filter, a RF amplifier and an additional bandpass filter to

The second mixer output is applied to the 455 kHz ceramic filter Z107 and then to the first IF amplifier/limiter. The first IF amplifier/limiter output is provide to either 455 kHz ceramic filter Z104 (for 25 kHz channel space mode) or Z105 (for 12.5 kHz channel space mode). These filters are switched by analog sw itches U102, U 103, U107 and U10 8 depending on th e desired channel spacing mo de. Ceramic discrimina tor Z 106 and i nte rnal qua drat ure de tec tor pro vi de the demodulated audio output signal at AF OUT. The demodulated audio signal, filtered with an internal low pass

filter (fc ≅47 kHz) is then routed to the baseband audio signal processor U401 and a noise squelch circuit.

The noise squelch circuit consists of slow and fast squelch time constants and an additional high pass filter (fc ≅4.0

kHz). The slo w squ elch tim e cons tant i s around 70 ms and is provided to U40 4-2. The fas t squelch time c onstant is ar ound 8 ms and is p rovided t o U404-3. Dur ing scanni ng mode, only the fast squelch is monitored by the CPU. In all other modes, the slow squelch is monitored.

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

Synthesizer

The synthesizer circuit generates all transmit and re ce ive RF frequencies. This circuit consists of synthesizer IC U302, temperature compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) U303, voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) U301 and associated loop filter circuitry.

The VCO operates at the transmitter frequency during transmit function and 70 MHz below the receive frequency during the recei v e fu nction . The synt hesi zer is cont rolled by the CPU. Frequency stability is maintained by the TCXO module.

A portion of the VCO output is applied to the synthesizer IC and divided by 65/64 dual modulus prescaler, which is set by pulse swallow counter A and programmable counter B to provide a 6.25 kHz output for comparison with a reference signal. The reference signal is derived from the

12.8 MHz TCXO module. The synthesizer IC divides the

12.8 MHz signal down to the 6.25 kHz signal. (The KPC300/400 PC Programming Software will only permit synthesis of transmit or receive frequencies that are integer multiples of 6.25 kHz. Other frequencies cannot be input into the radio’s personality.) An unlock detector is used to prevent transmission when the freq uency synthesizer is un locked.

Audio modulation from the Audio Signal Processor (ASP) IC U401 is applied to the VCO modulation input via amplifier U402 and the TCXO modulation input via amplifier U403. Th e g ai n of U402 is adjusted de pendent upon the channel spacing mode of the radio. In the 25 kHz channel space mode, U418 is open-circuited, removing R453 from being in parallel with R411. In the 12.5 kHz channel space mode, U418 is short-circuited, placing R453 in parallel with R411 and reducing the transmitter audio gain by a factor of two. (This esta blish es t he 5 kHz ma xim um fr eque nc y d e viation for 25 kHz chan nel spacin g and the 2. 5 kHz maximu m frequency deviation for 12.5 kHz channel spacing.) VR403 and VR402 are adjustable to provide a constant modulation flatness for voice audio and Channel Guard (CG) and Digital Channel Guard (DCG) sub-audible mo dulation.

MOSFET transistor Q316 is turned on during the transmit mode to change the loop gain in order to get lower modulation frequency response. A ripple filter, consisting of Q312, C312 and R331, provides a filtered 4.7 VDC to the VCO to improve the p hase noise characteri stic of the rece iver local injection signal for enhanced receiver pe rf or mance for adjacent channel selectivity, intermodulation and FM hum and noise.

Audio Logic

The audio logic se ction consists of CPU U404, Audio Signal Processor (ASP) IC U401, EEPROM U406 and associated components. The CPU controls all radio operations. The EEPROM contains the personality data and the alignment data.

CPU

The CPU contains the LCD controller, LED controls, 32k bytes of R OM, 1k byte of RAM, a n 8-chann el A/D con v erter and a 2-channel D/A converter. The CPU generates DTMF tones, alert tones, beep tones, GE-STAR (ANI) codes and Digital Channel Guard (DCG) encode codewords. The DCG encode codeword from the CPU is applied to a low pass filter in the ASP IC U401 and summed with the voice signal at U402. Received DCG codewords and T ype 99 tones from the ASP U401 are supplied an d deco ded by the CPU .

AUDIO SIGNAL PROCESSOR U401

The ASP IC U401 contains the CG encoder and decoder, pre-emphasis audio shaping filters, de-emphasis audio shaping filters, limiter, post-limiter filter (i.e., splatter filter) and various Switched Capacitor Filters (SCF). U401 generates CG tones controlled by the CPU. CG and DCG sub-audible modulation signals are summed with the voice audio signal at op-amp U402 and supplied to the VCO and TCXO modulation inputs.

The demodulated audio signal from IF IC U101 can provide voice signal information, CG tones, DCG codewords and Type 99 two-tone sequential information. CG tones are filtered by a tone filter and decoded in the ASP. DCG codewords are filtered by the tone filter and input to multiplexer U417. T ype 99 tones are filtered by a bandpass filter and also input to U417. Multiplexer U417 selects either the DCG or Type 99 signals, outputs the signal to a comparator to “square” the signal to a TTL level digital w ave form and then sends the digitized signal to the CPU for detection.

Before the transmit voice audio signal is input to the ASP , it can be optionally mixed with DTMF or GE-STAR (ANI) encode signals. These ba seband signa ls are p re-empha sized, bandpass filtered, hard limited, run through a post-limiter filter (splatter filte r) a nd then summed at op-a mp U402 with CG tones or DCG codewords.

CLOCK SHIFT

The CPU uses a n ominal 7.3728 MH z clock frequency, which is divided down to 3.6864 MHz to become the clock frequency input provided to the ASP IC U401. Harmonics of this clock frequency can potentially interfere with the performance of the transmitter and receiver , producing self-quieting “beat” notes at specific receiver frequencies or producing an audio whine at specific transmitter frequencies. A clock shift can be programmed for each channel’s receive and/or transmit frequency to move the potentially interfering harmonics of the micr oprocessor cl ock frequency. The microprocessor clock frequenc y is shifted more than +100 ppm, effectively moving potentially interfering clock harmonics off-channel.

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

POWER SUPPLY

The battery voltage, provided by six nickel cadmium cells, is a nominal 7.5 volts. This voltage is provided to the series regulators via a 4 amp fuse F401. The regulated supply provides +5 volts for the logic section, the analog section, receiver and transmitter sections. The +5.5 v olts f or the PLL frequency synthesizer section is also provided.

RADIO PROGRAMMING

PC PROGRAMMING

The KPC-300/400 Portable Radio is programmed using an IBM compatible personal computer equipped with a RS232 serial port. Adapter TQ-3370 pro vides the RS-232 se rial interface an d the cable between the PC and the adapter box. Programming Cabl e RPM 113 24 72/1 pr ovides the conn ection from the adapter box to the radio’s Universal Device Connector (UDC). The programming software is AE/LZY 213 761.

PROGRAMMABLE FEATURES

The following features are programmable on a per-channel basis:

• Receive Frequency

• Transmit Frequency

• Channel Busy Lock-Out

• Carrier Control Timer (CCT)

• Squelch Tail Elimination (STE)

• Fixed Priority 1 Scan Channel

• Channel Guard Encode/Decode (Tone or Digital)

• Type 99 Tone Decode

• Autom atic Number Identification (ANI)

• Telephone Interconnect DTMF Keypad Enable

(KPC-400 only)

The following fe atures are pr ogrammable on an ov erall radio basis:

• Display B acklighting

• Alert Tones

• Eme rgency Chan ne l

• Three (3) Auto-Dial T elephone Numb ers (KPC-400

only)

CHANNEL BUSY LOCK-OUT

If channel busy lock-out has been programmed on the

selected channel, the transmit function will be inhibited when the op erator presses t he PTT button while the radio detects a carrier on the channel unless the carrier is modulated with the corresponding Channel Guard tone or code for that selected channel. The radio will immediately begin transmitting when the carrier disappears. Channel bu sy lockout continues to function if Channel Guard decode is disabled with the MONITOR button. The ch annel-busy feature is programmable on a per-channel basis. Type 99 cannot be programmed on a channel with channel busy lock-out.

CHANNEL GUARD

Channel Guard (CG) provides a means of restricting calls to specific radios through the use of Continuous T one Coded Squelch System (CTCSS) tone frequencies ranging from

67.0 Hz to 210.7 Hz. Digital Channel Guard (DCG) also can provide a means of restricting calls through the use of 83 standard Continuous Digital Coded Squelch System (CDCSS) cod es. Each chan nel may be p rogram med for en code/decode, encode only, decode only or for no CG or DCG. Both tone frequencies and digital codes may be used. The tones and codes are listed in Tables 1 and 2.

SQUELCH TAIL ELIMINATION (STE)

STE is used with tone and Digital Channel Guard to eliminate squelch tails. The STE burst is transmitted when the microphone PTT is released. The receiving radio decodes the burst and mutes the recei ver audio for 250 ms. T his mute time allows the transmission to end and to eliminate the squelch tail. The radio looks for STE on the received signal when the micropho ne is either on or off-hook. S TE is enabled for transmit and/or rece ive through PC prog ra mming .

AUTOMATIC NUMBER IDENTIFICATION (ANI)

Automatic Number Identification is a 320 ms burst of code (GE-STAR) that is generated at the beginning of each transmission to identify the radio unit to the dispatcher. If programmed, a beep is sounded at the end of ANI transmission to indicate when conversation can begin as the microphone is disabled until the ANI transmission is completed.

Systems with CG require that ANI be delayed long enough for the syste m to respond before ANI can be decoded. A programmable delay is provided to meet this requireme nt. For exampl e, a del ay of 350 m s re quire s t he op erat or to wai t for 670 ms after pressing the PTT before conversation can be started. If desired, th e ANI messag e can be progra mmed to be sent at the end of a transmission.

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

Table 1 - Standard Tone Frequencies (Hz)

67.0 71.9 74.4 77.0 79.7 82.5 85.4 88.5 91.5 94.8 97.4

100.0 103.5 107.2 110.9 114.8 118.8 123.0 127.3 131.8 136.5 141.3

146.2 151.4 156.7 162.2 167.9 173.8 179.9 186.2 192.8 203.5 210.7

1. Do not use 179.9 Hz or 118.8 Hz in areas served by 60 Hz power distribution systems (or 100.0 Hz or 151.4 Hz in areas supplied with 50 Hz power). Hum modulation of co-channel stations may "false" Channel Guard decoders.

2. Do not use adjacent Channel Guard tone frequencies in systems employing multiple Channel Guard tones. Avoid same-areas co-channel use of adjacent Channel Guard tones whenever possible. As stated in TIA/EIA-603, there is a possibility of decoder falsing.

3. To minimize receiver turn-on time delay, especially in system using Channel Guard repeaters or receiver voting, choose the highest usable Channel Guard tone frequency. Do not use tones below 100 Hz when it is necessary to meet the receiver response time requirements as specified in TIA/EIA-603.

Table 2 - Digital Channel Guard Codes

PRIMARY CODE

023 025 026 031 032 043 047 051 054 065 071 072 073 074 114 115 116 125 131 132 134 143 152 155 156 162 165 172 174 205 223 226 243 244 245

EQUIVALENT CODE

340 766 566

374 643 355

375 707 520 771 405 675 301 603 717 746 470 701 640 360 721 327 615 534 674 060 737 173 572 702 605 634 714 273 333 366 415 233 660 517 741 416 553 354 057 142 270 135 610 350 475 750 104 557 267 342 176 417 370 554

PRIMARY CODE

251 261 263 265 271 306 311 315 331 343 346 351 364 365 371 411 412 413 423 431 432 445 464 465 466 503 506 516 532 546 606 612 624 627 631

NOTE: Primary codes in bold are unique Ericsson codes.

EQUIVALENT CODE

236 704 742 227 567 213 736 171 426 427 510 762 147 303 761 330 456 561 321 673 372 507 324 570 616 635 724 353 435 130 641 107 217 453 530 117 756 127 441 711 133 620 234 563 621 713 262 316 730 276 326 222 457 575 237 642 772 056 656 144 666 157 322 224 313 574 067 720 161 345 317 614 751 153 630 254 314 706 075 501 037 560 231 504 636 745

PRIMARY CODE

632 565 654 662 664 703 712 723 731 732 734 743 754

036 053 122 145 212 225 246 252 255 266 274 325 332 356 446 452 454 455 462 523 526

EQUIVALENT CODE

123 657 307 362 163 460 607 363 436 443 444 344 471 715 150 256 136 502 235 611 671 447 473 474 744 164 207 066 312 515 663 076 203 137

535 525 253 536 542 653 661 425 655 652 550 626 433 552 521 467 511 672 524 765 513 545 564 533 551 472 623 725 647 726 562 645

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

CARRIER CONTROL TIMER

This feature, programmable on a per-channel basis, prevents unnecessary channel traffic and radio damage if the transmit timer limit is exceeded. If the programmed timer times-out during a transmission, the radio will beep and stop transmitting. The beeping tone will continue until the operator releases the PTT button. Releasing the PTT button resets the timer.

TYPE 99 TONE DECODE

The radio is programmable to power-up in either selective (Type 99) or monitor mode for channels programmed for Type 99 decode.

When select ive mode is chosen, t he radio opera tes as a tone and voice receiver and allows only those calls that are tone coded for the radio to be heard. Selecting monitor mode allows all calls with the correct Channel Guard (if programmed) on the channel to be heard.

In either mo de, when a c orrect T99 and Chann el Guard (if programmed and enabled) have been decoded, a series of intermittent beeps will be heard to alert the operator of an incoming call. The PG status flag will blink in the display to indicate that a call has been received. If the selective mode was chosen, the radio switches automatically to monitor mode.

At the end of the message, if selective mode is desired, press and release the MO NIT OR button to reset the Type 99 tone signalling function. The PG status flag will cease blinking.

While in selective mode, the radio can be put in monitor mode by pressing and releasing the PTT. A series of beeps is sounded whle the PTT is pressed to indicate that no transmission has occured and the monitor mode has been selected as indicated by with the blinking of the PG status flag. A second press of the PTT will result in normal transmission.

The radio is programmable to decode any Ericsson or Motorola decode combinations from any one of two T99 tone tables on a per-channel basis. T ransmit and/or r ecei ve Channel Guard can be programmed to any channel with Type 99.

Type 99 receive Channel Guard (if programmed) can be disabled by pressing the MONITOR button for more than three (3) seconds.

NOTE

Resetting Type 99 from monitor to selective mode does not affect Channel Guard switch setting.

If a T ype 99 channel is in the scan list and scan is enabled, Type 99 tones are ignored. Scan nin g is pr ov ide d o n a ca rr ier and Channel Guard basis only.

TELEPHONE INTERCONNECT (DTMF) (KPC-400 ONLY)

The operator may make telephone interconnection calls on radio systems equipped for this option. Specific procedures for placing these calls are determined by the ope rating system.

There are two methods to make telephone interconnect calls. One method uses the top three keys ( to send one of three pre-programmed numbers. The other method is to use the keypad ( the telephone number.

The keypad is not active until the PTT button is pressed. Therefore, the PTT button must be pressed at all times when operating any button on the DTMF keypad. Communications takes place in a simplex mode. You cann ot talk and listen at the same time. The PTT button must be pressed each time you wish to talk and, released when you wish to listen.

0-9

1,2,3

) to manually enter

SCAN

The scan feature permits monitoring of up to 16 receive channels. The scanne d channe ls can b e any freque ncy wi thin the frequency ba nd limits of the rad io and can be Chann el Guard protected (tone or dig ital).

Any channel can be scanned with or without a priority level. One channel can be programmed for Priority 1 (P1), another for Priority 2 (P2) or any or all remaining channels programmed as Non-Priority (S). The radio can be pre-programmed to permit an operator front panel selectable scan list, a fixed Priority 1 channel or a selected Priority 1 channel using the channel select switch.

Scan Vocabulary

The following terms are frequently used in scan operation descriptio n.

• Simple Scan - describes the condition when scan is

enabled and there i s no activity on any ch annel in the scan list.

• Priority Scan - describes the condition when scan is

enabled and the priority scan channel is sampled during the scanning of the channels on the scan list.

• Channel Guard Scan - describes the condition when

scan is enabled and tone or digital Channel Guard must also be detected before locking on any channel.

• Selected Channel - indicates that this is the last

channel that the operator selected with the channel select switch. This channel is displayed unless sca n is enabled and activity is detected on another channel being scanned.

)

AE/LZB 119 1906 R1A

• Receive Channel - indicates the channel that has

been detected and identified with the correct c arrier and Channe l G ua rd (i f en ab led ). Th e r eceive cha nnel number will be shown in the display.

• Scan List - indicates an internal list either pre-pro-

grammed or pro gr amme d fr om th e fr on t p anel that includes each channel status that will be scanned when the scan mode is enabled.

• Non-Scan Channel - indicates a channel that is not

in the scan list and will not be scanned when scan is enabled.

• Non-Priority Channel - indicates that this channel

is on the scan list. Activity on this channel will be interrupted by activity on either the Priority 1 or Priority 2 channel.

• Priority 2 Channel - indicates that this channel is

also on the scan list. Activity on this channel will interrupt any activity on any non-priority channel. However, activity on this channel will be interrupted only by activity on the Priority 1 channel (if on scan list).

• Priority 1 Channel - indicates that this channel is

also on the scan list. Activity on this channel will interrupt and supercede any other channel activity.

• Channel Activity - indicates the presence of a cor-

rect carrier with correct Channel Guard (if programmed).

• Ha ng Time - describes the time i nterval (pre-pro-

grammable) that a channel remains locked to a frequency although no ch annel activity is present. This condition arises after channel activity has stopped or the PTT button has been released.

• Fixed Priority 1 Channel - indicates that the channel

has been pre-programmed as the Priority 1 scan channel and cannot be ch anged by the operator.

• Selected Priority 1 Channel - indicates that the

channel selected by the channel select switch will be the Priority 1 scan channel. The operator can still select the Non-Priority and Priority 2 channels.

Pre-Scan Operation

A scan list must be created before scan operation can be used. The scan list can be created in several ways. The ra dio will not go into the scan mode when no channel are programmed or in a scan list.

• Fixed Programmable - the scan list is pre-pro-

grammed using the PC programming softwaare and cannot be changed by the operator.

• Front Panel Programmable - the scan list is created

by the operator using the front pa nel cont rols.

• Selected Channel Programmable - the operato r cr e-

ates the scan list for all Non-Priority and Priority 2 channels. The Priority 1 channel is selected by the channel select switch. This is also pre-programmable using the PC programming software.

ALERT TONES

Alert tones or “beeps” are sounded when a button is pressed and w hen the oper atin g stat us of t he rad io chan ges. All alert tones may be programmed to be remain off.

Power-up Self-test

Each time the radio is turned on, it will perform power-up self-test. All display segments will turn on, and after succ essful completion of the test, the radio will change to the last operating state (channel, etc.) and sound three (3) or four (4) beeps. Three (3) beeps sound if the radio is operating in the normal (not scan) state. Four (4) beeps will sound if the radio is scanning. The status will be indicated in the LCD. If the radio fails the self-test, no beeps will be sounded.

Carrier Control Timer

Channel Busy Lock-out

If channel busy lock-out has been programmed on the selected channel, the transmit function will be inhibited when the op erator presses t he PTT button while the radio detects a carrier on the channel unless the carrier is modulated with the corresponding Channel Guard tone or code for that selected channel. The radio will immediately begin transmitting when the carrier disappears. Channel bu sy lockout continues to function if Channel Guard decode is disabled with the MONITOR button. The ch annel-busy feature is programmable on a per-chan ne l basis.

Type 99 Alert Tone

The Type 99 alert tone, indicating a receive Type 99 call, may be enabled or disabled by programming. If the programmed tone sequence is detected, the radio will beep two (2) times. If the alert tone is disabled, no alert tone will be present when a Type 99 call is received.

ANI Alert Tone

The Automatic Number Identification (ANI) alert tone beep can be enabled or disabled by programming. If the alert tone is enabled, a beep will sound after the PTT is pressed to indicate to the operator to begin voice transmission. Some communication systems require a time delay before voice transmission begins. If the alert tone is disabled, no bee p will sound.

SCAN Alert Tone

The radio will sound a beep when the pressed.

button is

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