Model 8900 Series Printers
Technical Reference Manual
Part No. 2557824-0002
Original Issue: August 1989
Revision F: January 2001
Changes may be periodically made to the information in this publication.
Such changes will be incorporated in new editions of this manual.
Record the serial number, purchase date, and firmware revision
number in the spaces provided below. The serial number and firmware
revision are recorded on the label affixed to the rear of the unit. All
correspondence concerning your unit should include the serial
number, firmware revision, and date of purchase.
Serial Number: ____________ Purchase Date: ____________
Firmware Revision: ___________________________________
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopy,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Lake Erie Systems.
This printer, as well as the programs that Lake Erie Systems has created to use with
it, are tools that can help people better manage the information used in their
business: but tools—including Lake Erie Systems products—cannot replace sound
judgment nor make the manager’s business decisions.
Consequently, Lake Erie Systems cannot warrant that its products are suitable for
any specific customer application. The manager must rely on judgment of what is
best for his or her business.
Page Finder, Z-Axis control, and Rapid Print are trademarks of Lake Erie Systems.
Epson is a registered trademark of Seiko Epson Corporation.
IBM is a registered trademark and Proprinter is a trademark of International
Business Machines Corporation.
iv
Preface
This manual contains technical information about the Model 8900
Series Printers. This information supplements the information
contained in the Model 8900 Series Printer User’s Manual Part No.
2557785-0002 and is essential to programmers, system managers,
and other technically oriented people.
The information in this manual is presented in individual sections so
you can skip pages with information you already know or that does
not apply to your particular application.
Symbols Used in This Manual
Two international symbols are used throughout this manual to advise
you of important information.
This symbol indicates a Note concerning operating procedures
or information you should know to help you operate your
printer.
This symbol alerts you to a Warning or Caution which
can prevent you from causing a hazard to yourself or to
your printer.
Contents
Chapter 1 — General Information provides a general description
of the Model 8900 Series Printer and brief information about some
of the principals of dot-matrix printing.
Chapter 2 — Printer Setup provides information about printer
configuration. Specifically, this chapter describes the control panel
switch functions and the setup/test menu. This information supplements
the information contained in Chapter 4 of the Model 8900 SeriesPrinter User’s Manual, Part No. 2557785-0002.
v!vi
Chapter 3 — Character Sets and Global Commands provides
general information about character sets and their use in the Model
8900 Series Printer and describes the commands that are valid for all
emulation modes, both standard and optional. These commands
provide control of the basic features of the Model 8900 Series
Printer.
Chapter 4 — Texas Instruments Model 880 Printer Emulation
describes the commands of the Model 880 Printer command set and
provides information about operating the Model 8900 Series Printer
in the Model 880 Printer emulation mode.
Chapter 5 — Texas Instruments Model 855 Printer WP Emulation
describes the commands of the Model 855 Printer WP emulation
command set and provides information about operating the Model
8900 Series Printer in the Model 855 Printer WP emulation mode.
Chapter 6 — Texas Instruments Model 855 Printer DP Emulation
describes the commands of the Model 855 Printer DP emulation
command set and provides information about operating the Model
8900 Series Printer in the Model 855 Printer DP emulation mode.
Chapter 7 — IBM Proprinter XL Emulation describes the
commands of the IBM Proprinter XL command set and provides
information about operating the Model 8900 Series Printer in the
IBM Proprinter XL emulation mode.
Chapter 8 — Epson FX Printer Emulation describes the commands
of an Epson FX printer command set and provides information about
operating the Model 8900 Series Printer in the Epson FX printer
emulation mode.
Chapter 9 — Optional Emulation Commands describes optional
emulation commands available for the Model 8900 Series Printer.
Chapter 10 — Communication Interfaces describes the standard
parallel and serial communication interfaces used with the Model
8900 Series Printer.
Appendix — Application Instructions explains how to use the Z-axis
printhead adjustment escape sequence and how to clean the automatic
page finder sensor.
Other Manuals About the Printer
The following manuals are available to help you learn more about
your printer and to help you operate and maintain the printer.
TitlePart Number
Model 8900 Series Printer Quick Reference Guide2557786-0002
Model 8900 Series Printer User’s Manual2557785-0002
Model 8900 Series Printer Maintenance Manual2557788-0001
Model 8900 Series Printer Safety Instructions2557807-0002
Supplies
2551152-001 1 Ribbon Cartridge, Black
2551152-0014 Ribbon Cartridge, Color
You can order the Model 8900 Series Printers, manuals, ribbons and
spare parts from LAKE ERIE SYSTEMS AND SERVICES by
calling toll free: 1-800-570-4533
or online at www.fastprinters.com
Purchase Orders can be sent to:
The Model 8900 Series Printer is one of a family of rugged, highperformance, dot-matrix impact printers, which forms letters,
numbers, and other symbols by printing dot patterns. The printer offers
a variety of common and unique features, such as multiple paper
paths and paper-feed methods, selectable print-quality settings, zero
paper tear-off to prevent waste of paper and forms, and color printing.
This chapter provides general information about the printer.
Paper-Handling System
Both models (8930 and 8920) of the Model 8900 Series Printer can
print heavy-duty multipart continuous forms. In addition, the 8930
can accept hand-inserted cut-sheet paper. Upon completion of a
printing operation, the printer automatically positions the tear-off
perforation even with the tear-off bar to allow removal of the printed
document.
A useful feature of the printer is its ability to park continuous paper
out of the print station area for unloading the paper supply or for
switching to another paper-handling mode. This feature lets you
switch instantly from continuous paper operation to cut-sheet paper
insertion (Model 8930).
Each time you load continuous paper or insert cut-sheet paper, the
printer automatically positions the paper and adjusts the printhead.
The Page Finder
the top, left, and right edges of the paper and sends this information
to the printer electronics. The printer uses this information to adjust
the paper to the top-of-form position and to adjust the printhead to
operate within the left and right boundaries of the paper, regardless
of the paper width. The Z-Axis Control™ motor adjusts the printheadto-paper (z-axis) clearance to its optimum value, regardless of the
thickness of the paper or form set.
™
sensor (located on the printhead carriage) detects
General Information 1-2
All paper-handling operations are accessible through the control
panel and via the host computer using global commands.
Printer Features
The Model 8900 Series Printer includes the following features.
q Print quality choices — letter-quality (LQ), text, normal draft,
™
and Rapid Print
draft
q Standard character sets — US ASCII (with 13 international
q Color printing — up to seven colors, including black, for both
text and graphics (standard on Model 8930 and optional on
Model 8920)
®
q Resident emulation modes — TI 880, TI 855, Epson
FX and
IBM Proprinter XL
q Standard communication interfaces — serial (RS-232 or RS-423
specified by customer when purchasing the printer) and parallel
q Optional communication interfaces — RS-422 serial and current
loop (TTY)
Print Quality
The dot-matrix impact printhead forms a character by printing dots
in a rectangular arrangement of dot cells called a dot matrix.
The following figure shows some examples of dot-matrix characters.
Each character is printed in a 7-dot by 9-dot matrix. Three columns
of blank dots at the right side of each character, the intercharacter
space, provide the proper horizontal spacing between characters.
General Information 1-4
typical dot-matrix characters
Quality can be improved by increasing the dot density (resolution),
as shown in the following figure. Dot density is expressed in dots per
inch (dpi).
low-resolution
character
medium-resolution
character
high-resolution
character
effect of increasing dot density
The Model 8900 Series Printer offers four levels of print quality,
based on the dot density and the placement of dots on the matrix.
The increased dot density at higher print-quality levels decreases the
print speed.
General Information 1-5
The printer offers the following print-quality levels and speeds.
q Letter quality (LQ) — high-resolution, 32-dot by 18-dot characters
at 100 characters per second (cps).
q Text quality — medium-resolution, 15-dot by 9-dot characters at
240 cps.
q Normal draft quality — low-resolution, 9-dot by 9-dot characters
at 400 cps.
q Rapid Print draft quality — low-resolution, 7-dot by 9-dot
characters. This mode is only valid for character spacings
(pitches) of 12 characters per inch (cpi) and 15 cpi. These
character pitches allow the printer to print at speeds of 480 cps
and 600 cps, respectively.
Raster Graphics
The all-points-addressable raster graphics mode lets you use your
printer to produce pictorial material, such as charts, graphs, special
characters, or almost any design you can devise. Special commands
allow you to design images of any shape by causing the printhead to
print dots in the appropriate places. (See Chapters 4 through 8 for
information about raster graphics commands.)
The best way to print graphics is to use one of the many commercially
available application programs. These programs let you design
images by drawing them on your computer monitor and then issuing
a command to send them to your printer.
Paper Out Equals Busy ............................................................ 2-17
Limiting Control Panel Operation ........................................... 2-17
Test Features ................................................................................. 2-18
Printer Setup 2-2
Introduction
The Model 8900 Series Printers are compatible with a wide range of
computers and application software. The printer menu structure
enables you to select and alter the fundamental printer operating
parameters to fit the requirements of your computer, its communication
interface, and its application software. You can set these parameters
via the operator control panel (see the following figure).
To set up the printer, you set the various printer parameters to meet
the requirements of your computer system. (Refer to your computer
operator’s manual for more information.) After you set the parameters
to the required values, the printer stores these settings in its nonvolatile
random-access memory (NVRAM). Because the NVRAM retains
information even when the printer is without power, the printer
retains these settings until you change them.
function switch associated with messages
and symbols shown at the left end of the
display (loads form on 8930)
selects one of ten preset
form formats or forms
settings report
allows you to select the
primary paper path or an
alternate paper path
selects one of four
character spacing
choices
selects one of three print
quality choices
allows you to get a report
of current printer settings,
test basic printer
functions, and change
printer features
F1
Paper
Path
Pitch
Setup/
Test
causes the display to
show a brief summary
of printer status and
current printer settings
operator control panel
select items
shown on the
display (loads
form on 8920)
Form
Config.
Select
Quality Font Clear
Status Form
Align
function switch associated with
messages and symbols shown at the
display
F2Select
OnLine
Error
Form
Feed
which lets you move the paper up
right end of the display
allows you to change
form format values
selects online or
offline operation
clears error messages
from the display
selects one of the
standard fonts or an
optional font
advances paper to the
top of the next form
invokes the form align screen
or down in the print station
Printer Setup 2-3
Note: The Model 8900 Series Printers User’s Manual (Part No.
2557785-0002) explains the basic use of the operator control panel
and its associated menu structure.
The Setup/Test switch on the control panel lets you enter the setup/
test menu. This menu consists of the following submenus containing
most of the printer setup parameters and test features.
q Emulation mode — The emulation mode submenu lets you
select an emulation mode and set its parameters. This submenu
also lets you select the hexadecimal dump mode.
q Interface parameters — The interface parameters submenu lets
you set the serial communication parameters to the values
required by the host computer and by the communication interface.
q Miscellaneous parameters — The miscellaneous parameters
submenu lets you select various printer features, both standard
and optional.
q Test mode — The test mode submenu lets you select the printer
test features.
The following figure shows the setup/test menu and the following
paragraphs describe the setup/test submenus.
Setup/
Test
Emulation
setup/test menu
InterfaceMiscTest Mode
Printer Setup 2-4
Model 8900 Series Emulation Modes
The emulation mode determines how the printer responds to commands
from the host computer and determines the specific set of commands
to which the printer responds. For example, if you select the TI 880
emulation mode, the printer emulates the functions of the TI Model
880 Printer and responds to the set of commands designed for that
printer.
The emulation mode submenu lets you choose one of the following
emulation modes or select the hexadecimal dump mode.
q TI Model 880 printer (default)
q TI Model 855 printer
q IBM Proprinter XL
q Epson FX printer
q Optional
q Hexadecimal dump
Chapters 4 through 8 of this manual describe these emulation modes
and their functions. The emulation mode you choose must be
compatible with the host computer and its currently installed software.
The following figure shows the emulation mode submenu and the
following paragraphs describe the emulation mode setup parameters.
Printer Setup 2-5
Execute
Commands
ON
OFF
LF/CR
ON LF
OFF
OFF
LF/CR
ON CR
ON
OFF
CR W/LF
VT DC2
ON
OFF
Graphics
ON
OFF
SO=
Expand
ON
OFF
Proc ModeAuto LFAuto LF
DP
WP
Auto LFAuto CR
NO
YES
emulation mode submenu
Emulation
ProPrinterTI855TI880EpsonoptionalHexdump
NO
YES
NO
YES
Slashed 0’s
NONO
YES
NO
YES
Auto CR
NO
YES
Slashed 0’s
YES
TI 880 Emulation
The TI 880 emulation submenu contains a group of setup parameters
that can be set to either on or off. These parameters determine how
your printer responds to certain commands from the host computer.
Execute Commands
When on, this parameter enables the printer to respond to escape
sequence commands from the host computer. The default setting is ON.
Line Feed and Carriage Return Upon Receipt of LF
When on, this parameter causes the printer to perform both a line
feed (LF) operation and a carriage return (CR) operation upon
receiving an LF command from the host computer. The default
setting is OFF.
Printer Setup 2-6
Line Feed and Carriage Return Upon Receipt of CR
When on, this parameter causes the printer to perform both an LF
operation and a CR operation upon receiving a CR command from
the host computer. The default setting is OFF.
Carriage Return Upon Receipt of LF, VT, or DC2
When on, this parameter causes the printer to perform a CR operation
upon receiving any of the following commands.
q Line feed (LF) — The printer moves the printhead down to the
next print line and returns the carriage to the left margin.
q Vertical tabulation (VT) — The printer prints the remainder of
the current print line, moves the printhead down to the next
vertical tab stop, and returns the carriage to the left margin.
q Device control 2 (DC2) — The printer moves the printhead
down to the print line specified by the DC2 n (Move to Line n)
command and returns the printhead to the left margin.
The default setting for the parameter CR W/LF VT DC2 is OFF.
Graphics
When on, this parameter enables the raster graphics escape sequences
described in Chapter 4. The default setting is OFF.
Shift Out Equals Expanded Print
When on, this parameter causes the printer to print one line of
expanded print after receiving a shift out (SO) command. When this
parameter is off, the printer invokes the G1 character set into the GL
area of the character table upon receiving SO. The default setting is
OFF.
Printer Setup 2-7
TI 855 Emulation
The TI 855 emulation submenu contains the processing mode (WP/DP)
parameter and the automatic line feed parameter, both of which can
be set to match the requirements of your computer. The following
paragraphs describe these parameters.
Processing Mode
The Tl 855 emulation mode lets you choose either of the following
processing modes.
q DP mode — uses commands (described in Chapter 6) similar to
those used by a dot-matrix-type printer.
q WP mode — uses commands (described in Chapter 5) similar to
those used by a daisy-wheel printer.
The default setting for the processing mode parameter is DP.
Automatic Line Feed
Some software programs send both a CR command and an LF command
at the end of each print line, while others send only a CR command.
For software that sends only a CR command at the end of each print
line, the printer needs to perform an LF operation automatically. The
default setting for the automatic LF parameter is NO.
IBM Proprinter XL and Epson FX Emulations
The IBM Proprinter XL and Epson FX emulation submenus contain
the same following parameters.
Automatic Line Feed
This parameter is identical to the automatic LF parameter described
for the TI 855 emulation mode. The default setting is NO.
Printer Setup 2-8
Automatic Carriage Return
This parameter is similar to the automatic LF parameter but is turned
on for software that does not send a CR command at the end of each
print line. If the printer advances from print line to print line but fails
to perform a carriage return operation, you need to turn on the
automatic CR parameter. The default setting is NO.
Slashed Zeros
When on, this parameter causes the printer to print slashes over all
zeros to distinguish them from the letter O. The default setting is NO.
Hexadecimal Dump Mode
The hexadecimal dump (HEXDUMP) mode causes the printer to
print the ASCII (hexadecimal) codes for all text characters, control
characters, and escape-sequence commands it receives. The resulting
printout can be useful as a troubleshooting device or in analyzing a
block of data and commands sent from the host computer.
The printer does not respond to any control characters or commands
except when the printer is using the serial or option port and FLOW
CONTROL is set to ETX/ACK; in such a case, the printer interprets
and responds to an ETX control character as an end-of-text command.
The ETX character is also included as part of the hex dump.
Note: Chapter 3 describes ASCII codes and control characters;
Chapters 5 and 6 describe the escape-sequence commands for the
TI 855 emulation mode.
Printer Setup 2-9
Interface Parameters
The interface parameters are values associated with serial communication interfaces. When using a serial interface, these parameters
must be set to correspond to the capabilities of the host computer and
the interface.
The following figure shows the interface submenu and the following
paragraphs describe the interface setup parameters.
Port
The port submenu lets you choose the correct communication
interface port, depending on whether you are using a serial, parallel,
or optional interface. The default setting is SERIAL.
Buffer Size
The buffer size specifies the number of data bytes that the printer’s
receive buffer can store. The buffer size parameter can be set to 256,
4000, or 32,000 bytes. The default setting is 32,000.
Printer Setup 2-10
Baud Rate
The baud rate is the rate (in bits per second) at which the interface
transfers data. This parameters are 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600,
or 19,200 bits per second. The default setting is 9600.
Note: Data transferred over a serial interface consists of either 7- or
8-bit data bytes, each of which is accompanied by a start bit, a stop
bit, and a parity bit. The values chosen for the data bits and parity
parameters depend upon the requirements of the host. (See Chapters
3 and 10.)
Data Bits
The data bits parameter specifies whether the printer is to print 7- or
8-bit character codes. The default setting is 8. (Refer to Chapters 3
and 10 for information about 7- and 8-bit data.)
Parity
Parity checking (often called simply parity) is a method of verifying
that data is not changed in the transfer process. This parameters are
None, Odd, Even, Mark, or Space, depending upon the requirements
and capabilities of your computer. The default setting is NONE. If
the parity bit is selected, it is in addition to the 7 or 8 data bits.
Flow Control
To ensure the orderly flow of data between the host and printer, the
host computer establishes a set of rules commonly known as the
ready/busy protocol. This protocol allows the printer to notify the
host that it is either ready to receive data or that it is busy and cannot
receive data. The following paragraphs describe the flow-control
parameters.
Printer Setup 2-11
XON/XOFF (transmit-on/transmit-off)
For this busy-handling protocol, the printer sends a single XON (a
DC1 control character) to indicate that it is ready to receive data and
a single XOFF (a DC3 control character) to indicate that it is busy.
The default setting is OFF.
Robust XON/XOFF
For the robust XON/XOFF protocol, the printer sends an XON (DC1
control character) approximately every 5 seconds to indicate that it is
ready to receive data until either data is received or another busy
condition occurs. The printer sends an XOFF (DC3 control character)
when the initial busy condition occurs (buffer overflow) to indicate
that it is busy. If the host continues to send data, the printer sends an
XOFF approximately every 20 ms until the hosts stops sending data.
The default setting is OFF.
The following table lists the ready and busy points using the
XON/XOFF protocol.
LCD Display ofBusy PointReady Point
Buffer SizeFrom EmptyAfter Busy
Note: Actual buffer size is 32,768 bytes; overflow error status only
occurs after 32,768 bytes.
Printer Setup 2-12
ETX/ACK (end-of-text/acknowledge)
For this busy-handling protocol, the host sends an ETX control
character at the end of each data transmission, and the printer
responds with an ACK control character to indicate that it is ready to
receive additional data. If the printer is busy when it receives the
ETX control character, it delays sending the ACK control character
until the busy condition is cleared. The default setting is OFF.
Connection
This feature provides selections for use when connecting the printer
directly to the host computer or indirectly via a modem. When you
connect the printer to a modem, set the connection parameter to
MODEM. When you connect the printer directly to the host computer
or a terminal, select DIRECT and set the busy-handling parameters
to conform to the requirements of the computer. The default setting
is DIRECT. The following paragraphs describe the direct connection,
ready/busy protocol.
DTR (Pin 20)
For this parameter you can choose either READY HIGH or AL WAYS
HIGH. For the READY HIGH setting, the printer sets interface pin
20 high to indicate that it is ready to receive data and low to indicate
that it is busy. For the ALWAYS HIGH setting, pin 20 is not used for
busy notification; one of the other busy-handling options must be
chosen. The default setting is READY HIGH.
PIN 11
For this parameter, you can choose either READY HIGH or READY
LOW. For the READY HIGH setting, the printer sets interface pin 11
high to indicate that it is ready to receive data and low to indicate
that it is busy. For the READY LOW setting the printer sets interface
pin 11 low to indicate that it is ready to receive data and high to
indicate that it is busy. The default setting is READY LOW.
Printer Setup 2-13
Miscellaneous Setup Parameters
The miscellaneous setup parameters are mechanical and operational
features that do not fit logically into the other setup categories.
The following figure shows the miscellaneous setup parameters
submenu and the following paragraphs describe these parameters.
Character Set
The Model 8900 Series Printers character set repertoire includes 6
standard character sets and 11 international language versions. The
default character set is IBM PC1 and the default international
language version is U.S. English.
Printer Setup 2-14
Z
-Axis Control
The printer adjusts the printhead-to-paper clearance (z-axis) automatically when you load paper into the printer. In addition, the Z-AXIS
parameter provides a manual z-axis adjustment. This selection
invokes a display that lets you adjust the printhead in or out.
You also can adjust the z-axis using an escape sequence described in
the Appendix to this manual.
Ribbon T ype
The RIBBON TYPE parameter lets you choose between color
printing and black printing. The default setting is COLOR.
Ribbon Adjust
If the printer appears to be printing mixed colors or missing the upper
or lower parts of the characters, the ribbon may need adjustment.
The RIBBON ADJ parameter invokes a display that lets you adjust
the ribbon up or down.
Printer Setup 2-15
Idle Delay
At the end of a printing operation, if the paper is at top of form, the
printer waits for more data and then, after a short delay (idle delay),
moves the paper to the tear-off position. The IDLE DELAY parameter
invokes a display that lets you adjust the idle delay to a value in the
range of 300 milliseconds to 90 seconds.
You can disable the idle delay feature by selecting a value above 90
seconds, in which case the LCD displays DISABLE. When you
disable this feature, the printhead “relaxes” (moves away from the
paper) after 91 seconds of idle time and the paper is not moved to the
tear-off position.
Power-Up Online
The PWRUP ONLINE parameter lets you set the printer to power-up
in either its online or offline condition. The default setting is YES
(power-up online).
Paper Pull-Down Warning
This parameter lets you select the type of warning that occurs when
the printer is about to pull down tractor-fed paper from its tear-off
position to the normal printing position.
The COUNTDOWN option (factory default) causes the printer LCD
to display the numerals 9, 8, 7... down to 1, visually warning that
paper pull-down is imminent. The pull-down time delay is increased
about 3 to 4 seconds.
The BELL option causes a series of nine beeps of increasing duration
to indicate paper pull-down. The pull-down time delay is increased
about 3 to 4 seconds.
The BOTH option causes the COUNTDOWN and BELL options to
occur simultaneously.
The NONE option turns off the pull-down warning.
Printer Setup 2-16
Graphics Printing Mode
The BI-DIR GRAPHIC parameter lets you choose whether the
printer prints graphics bidirectionally or from left to right only. The
default setting is NO (print graphics from left to right only).
LCD Language
The LCD LANG parameter lets you set the control panel LCD to
display its messages in English, French, German, or Spanish. The
default setting is ENGLISH.
Paper Out Equals Busy
The PAPER OUT = BUSY parameter, when set to YES, lets the
printer send a busy condition signal to the communication interface
when the printer runs out of paper. The default setting is YES.
Limiting Control Panel Operation
This parameter enables you to select three levels of control panel
functioning, intended to limit operator access to certain printer
function. This effectively prevents operator error resulting from
incorrect control panel operation. The menu offers four choices from
Level 0 (factory default) to Level 3.
Level 0 is conventional, full control panel operation.
Level 1 permits full offline control panel operation, but when the
printer is online only the Online and Clear Error keys function.
Level 2 limits online operation to the Online and Clear Error keys
and, when offline, disables the Form Config, Pitch, Quality, Font,
and Setup/Test keys.
Level 3 limits online operation to the Online and Clear Error keys
and, when offline, disables the Form Select, Form Config, Pitch,
Quality, Font, and Setup/Test, and Form Feed keys.
Printer Setup 2-17
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