ENSTROM 280FX Operator's Manual
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ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
Record of Revisions
Revision
Number
Issue
Date
Date
Inserted
1 12/31/80 2/21/12 J. Wingers
2 1/11/85 2/21/12 J. Wingers
3 7/12/85 2/21/12 J. Wingers
4 1/11/91 2/21/12 J. Wingers
5 6/7/07 2/21/12 J. Wingers
6 2/21/12 3/26/12 J. Wingers
7 6/4/12 7/10/12 J. Wingers
8 1/7/13 2/11/13 J. Wingers
9 11/5/13 1/30/14 J. Wingers
10 4/15/15 8/4/15 J. Wingers
By
11 9/20/17 11/2/17 J. Wingers
12 12/3/18 3/13/19 J. Wingers
Maintain this record in the front of the manual.
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ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR MANUAL
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AND
FAA APPROVED
ROTORCRAFT FLIGHT MANUAL
* * * * *
REPORT NO. 28-AC-020
TYPE CERTIFICATE NO. H1CE
HELICOPTER SERIAL NO.
HELICOPTER REGISTRATION NO.
* * * * *
THIS MANUAL MUST BE CARRIED IN THE HELICOPTER
AT ALL TIMES. SECTIONS 2, 3, 4, AND 5 ARE FAA
APPROVED. SECTION 10 INCLUDES SUPPLEMENTS TO
THE TYPE CERTIFICATE WHICH ARE FAA APPROVED
IF SO DESIGNATED.
FAA APPROVED BY:
FOR MANAGER
CHICAGO AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION OFFICE
CENTRAL REGION
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION
FAA APPROVAL DATE:____________________________
THE ENSTROM HELICOPTER CORPORATION
2209 22
MENOMINEE, MICHIGAN 49858-3515
ND
STREET
Rev. 6
Feb 21/12
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ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL i
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LOG OF REVISIONS
Rev.
No.
Date FAA Approved
1 Jul 12/85 G. Louser
2 Dec 14/88 P. Moe
3 May 22/89 P. Moe
4 Jan 11/91 R. Adler
5 Jun 8/07 J. Miess
6 Mar 26/12 S. Lardinois
7 Jul 9/12 J. Miess
8 Feb 11/13 J. Miess
9 Nov 26/13 R. D. McElroy
10 Jul 27/15 R. D. McElroy
11 Oct 25/17 E. Kinney
12
D. Barbini
FAA Approved by
Manager, Southwest Flight Test Section, AIR-713
Federal Aviation Administration
Ft. Worth, TX
NOTE
All revisions are indicated by a black
vertical line.
Rev. 12
Report No. 28-AC-020 Dec 3/18
ii ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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EASA LOG OF REVISIONS
Rev.
No.
1
2
3
4
5 Jul 4/14 EASA 10049746 N/A
6 Jun 9/15 EASA 10053596 N/A
7 Jul 9/15 FAA/EASA T.I.P* G. J. Michalik
8 Jun 9/15 EASA 10053594 N/A
9 Jul 9/15 FAA/EASA T.I.P* G. J. Michalik
10
Date EASA Approved
Sep
28/03
Sep
28/03
Sep
28/03
Sep
28/03
Feb
13/17
Article 3, Commission
Regulation (EU)
748/2012
Article 3, Commission
Regulation (EU)
748/2012
Article 3, Commission
Regulation (EU)
748/2012
Article 3, Commission
Regulation (EU)
748/2012
FAA/EASA T.I.P* G. J. Michalik
FAA Approval
on Behalf of
EASA
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
11 Apr 5/18 FAA/EASA T.I.P* M. Runyan
* Section 3.2 T.I.P.
Rev. 12
Report No. 28-AC-020 Dec 3/18
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL iii
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LOG OF SUPPLEMENTS
Supplement
No.
1
2
Description Date FAA Approved
Wet/Dry
Dispersal System
Float Landing
Gear
Jan 11/91 R. Adler
Jul 12/85 G. Louser
3 External Loads Jan 11/85 G. Louser
4 Snowshoe May 22/89 P. Moe
5 Reserved
6 Reserved
7 Reserved
8 Reserved
9 Reserved
10 Reserved
11
12
Auxiliary Fuel
Tank
Engine Exhaust
Muffler
Jan 11/85 G. Louser
Jul 16/86 P. Moe
APPROVED FOR THE MANAGER
CHICAGO AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION OFFICE
CENTRAL REGION
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION
Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
iv ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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EASA LOG OF SUPPLEMENTS
Sup.
No.
Description Date EASA Approved
Approval
on Behalf
of EASA
Wet/Dry
1
Dispersal
System
Float Landing
2
Gear
External
3
Loads
4 Snowshoe
Sep
28/03
Sep
28/03
Sep
28/03
Sep
28/03
5 Reserved
6 Reserved
Article 3, Commission
Regulation (EU)
748/2012
Article 3, Commission
Regulation (EU)
748/2012
Article 3, Commission
Regulation (EU)
748/2012
Article 3, Commission
Regulation (EU)
748/2012
FAA
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
7 Reserved
8 Reserved
9 Reserved
10 Reserved
11
12
Auxiliary
Fuel Tank
Engine
Exhaust
Muffler
Sep
28/03
Sep
28/03
Article 3, Commission
Regulation (EU)
Article 3, Commission
Regulation (EU)
748/2012
748/2012
Rev. 11
Report No. 28-AC-020 Sep 20/17
N/A
N/A
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL v
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION DESCRIPTION PAGE
Manual Cover
Log of Revisions ..........................................i
EASA Log of Revisions ............................... ii
Log of Supplements .................................. iii
EASA Log of Supplements ......................... iv
Table of Contents....................................... v
List of Effective Pages ............................. vii
1 GENERAL .............................................. 1-1
2 OPERATING LIMITATIONS ..................... 2-1
3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ................ 3-1
4 NORMAL PROCEDURES ........................ 4-1
5 PERFORMANCE .................................... 5-1
6 WEIGHT/BALANCE AND LOADING ....... 6-1
7 AIRCRAFT AND SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION ....................................... 7-1
8 HANDLING, SERVICING, AND
MAINTENANCE ..................................... 8-1
9 OPERATIONAL INFORMATION .............. 9-1
10 OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT
SUPPLEMENTS ................................ 10-0-1
10-1 SUPPLEMENT 1
Wet/Dry Dispersal System ............... 10-1-1
10-2 SUPPLEMENT 2
Float Landing Gear ........................... 10-2-1
10-3 SUPPLEMENT 3
External Loads ................................. 10-3-1
10-4 SUPPLEMENT 4
Snowshoe ......................................... 10-4-1
Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
vi ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION DESCRIPTION PAGE
OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT
SUPPLEMENTS - Continued
10-5 SUPPLEMENT 5
(Reserved) .......................................... 10-5-1
10-6 SUPPLEMENT 6
(Reserved) .......................................... 10-6-1
10-7 SUPPLEMENT 7
(Reserved) .......................................... 10-7-1
10-8 SUPPLEMENT 8
(Reserved) .......................................... 10-8-1
10-9 SUPPLEMENT 9
(Reserved) .......................................... 10-9-1
10-10 SUPPLEMENT 10
(Reserved) ....................................... 10-10-1
10-11 SUPPLEMENT 11
Auxiliary Fuel Tank ........................ 10-11-1
10-12 SUPPLEMENT 12
Engine Exhaust Muffler .................. 10-12-1
Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL vii
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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES
PAGE DATE PAGE DATE
Cover Feb 21/12
i Dec 3/18
ii Dec 3/18
iii Feb 21/12
iv Sep 20/17
v Feb 21/12
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vii Dec 3/18
viii Dec 3/18
ix Sep 20/17
x Nov 5/13
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4-19 Apr 15/15
Rev. 12
Report No. 28-AC-020 Dec 3/18
viii ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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Rev. 12
Report No. 28-AC-020 Dec 3/18
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL ix
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10-11-13 Feb 21/12
10-11-14 Feb 21/12
10-12-1 Jan 7/13
Rev. 11
Report No. 28-AC-020 Sep 20/17
x ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES
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10-12-2 Feb 21/12
10-12-3 Feb 21/12
10-12-4 Feb 21/12
Rev. 9
Report No. 28-AC-020 Nov 5/13
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL 1-1
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SECTION 1. GENERAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PARAGRAPH DESCRIPTION PAGE
Table of Contents ................................ 1-1
1-1 Introduction ....................................... 1-3
1-2 Owner Responsibilities........................ 1-3
1-3 Pilot Responsibilities ........................... 1-4
1-4 Warnings, Cautions, and Notes ........... 1-4
1-5 Specifications ..................................... 1-5
1-6 Performance ....................................... 1-8
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE
1-1 Enstrom 280FX .................................. 1-6
Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
1-2 ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL 1-3
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SECTION 1. GENERAL
1-1. Introduction
This manual contains the operating instructions,
procedures, and limitations for the Enstrom 280FX
helicopter. The manual is divided into two basic parts, the
FAA approved Rotorcraft Flight Manual (RFM) and the
Supplemental Data provided by Enstrom Helicopter
Corporation. Sections 2 through 5 and portions of Section
10 so designated make up the FAA approved RFM. It is
required by Federal Regulations that this manual be carried
in the helicopter at all times.
1-2. Owner Responsibilities
Maintaining the helicopter in an airworthy condition is the
responsibility of the owner. (Reference Section 8 for
required inspections.) To aid the owner in this task,
Enstrom Helicopter Corporation has a network of
Distributors, Dealers, and Service Centers. In addition to
this Operator’s Manual, Enstrom Helicopter Corporation
has the following technical publications available for your
helicopter:
1. F-28F/280F Maintenance Manual with 280FX
Supplement
2. F-28/280 Series Illustrated Parts Catalog
3. Service Information Letters
4. Service Directive Bulletins
Information regarding dealer and service center locations,
technical publications and revisions can be obtained by
contacting:
Enstrom Helicopter Corporation
Attn: Product Support
nd
2209 22
Street
Menominee, Michigan 49858-3515
customerservice@entromhelicopter.com
Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
1-4 ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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1-3. Pilot Responsibilities
The pilot is responsible for determining that the helicopter
is safe for flight and is responsible for operating within the
limitations specified in Section 2. The pilot should
familiarize himself with the entire manual prior to receiving
competent flight instruction.
1-4. Warnings, Cautions, and Notes
The use of WARNING, CAUTION, and NOTE to emphasize
important and critical instructions is defined by the
following.
1.
WARNING
An operating practice or procedure, which, if not
correctly followed, could result in personal injury
or loss of life.
2.
CAUTION
An operating practice or procedure, which, if not
correctly followed, could result in damage to, or
destruction of, equipment.
3.
NOTE
An operating practice or procedure, which is
essential and requires additional information.
Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL 1-5
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1-5. Specifications
1. Principle dimensions of 280FX helicopters (reference
Figure 1-1).
Width overall 28 ft
Rotor diameter 32 ft
Height overall 9 ft
Length overall
- Blade over tail 29 ft 3 in
- Blade over nose 36 ft 7 in
Cabin width at seat 58 in
Baggage box dimensions 16 in X 18 in X 31 in
Tread – landing gear 7 ft 4 in
2. Power Plant
Type Lycoming
Designation HIO-360-F1AD
Cylinders 4 Opposed
Horsepower 225 hp (sea level to 12,000 ft)
RPM 3050
SFC (full rich) 0.69 lb/hp/hr
Weight 357 lb
Oil 10 qt (8 qt minimum for flight)
NOTE
Total oil capacity for the engine oil system
(including oil lines and coolers) is 10 quarts. The
engine oil sump capacity is 8 quarts. The engine
oil dip stick is marked to correspond with the
engine oil sump capacity of 8 quarts (full) and 6
quarts (low).
Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
1-6 ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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Figure 1-1. Enstrom 280FX
Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL 1-7
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3. Ratios
Lower drive pulley to
upper pulley
Upper pulley to main
rotor shaft
Engine to main rotor 8.678:1 (3050-351 RPM)
Tail rotor input shaft
to output shaft
4. Rotor Systems
Number of blades, main rotor 3
Chord, main rotor blade 9.5 in
Disk area, main rotor 804 sq ft
Number of blades, tail rotor 2
Chord, tail rotor blade 4.4 in
Disk area, tail rotor 17.1 sq ft
5. Weight
Designed gross weight 2600 lb
Empty weight 1570 lb
Useful load 1030 lb
C.G. travel 96.3 to 98.0 inches at 2600 lb
1.213:1 (3050-2514 RPM)
7.154:1 (2514-351 RPM)
1:1
92.0 to 98.8 inches at 2350 lb
92.0 to 100.0 inches at 2000 lb
NOTE
Four gross weight/c.g. envelopes apply to this
helicopter (reference Figure 6-1). Each envelope
is associated with a different maximum ceiling
and a different V
limitation (reference Figure 5-
NE
1).
Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
1-8 ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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1-6. Performance1
1. Maximum
speed
V
NE
Power On
VNE
Power Off
117 MPH IAS from sea level
1
to 3000 ft DA
(Reference Figure 5-1)
85 MPH IAS from sea level to
8200 ft DA
(Reference Figure 5-1)
NOTE
Four different maximum ceiling/V
envelopes
NE
apply to this helicopter (reference Figure 5-1).
Each envelope corresponds to a gross weight/
c.g. envelope (reference Figure 6-1).
2. Cruise speed
110 MPH IAS at sea level
75% power
3. Maximum cruise speed 117 MPH TAS at sea level
122 MPH TAS at 3000 ft H
4. Maximum range speed 85 MPH IAS at sea level
5. Fuel consumption
14.7 gal/hr
75% power, leaned
6. Maximum endurance, no
3.5 hr
reserve 57 MPH IAS at
sea level, leaned
7. Fuel capacity 42 gal (40 gal usable)
8. Maximum R/C at sea
1450 ft/min
level
9. Hover ceiling IGE 13,600 ft
(See Item 11)
10. Hover ceiling OGE 8700 ft
11. Maximum approved
operating altitude
12,000 ft
(Reference Figure 5-1)
d
1
All altitudes are density altitude (DA) and performance based on
a 2350 lb gross weight unless otherwise noted.
Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL 2-1
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SECTION 2. OPERATING LIMITATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PARAGRAPH DESCRIPTION PAGE
Table of Contents ................................ 2-1
2-1 Type of Operation ............................... 2-3
2-2 Weight ................................................ 2-3
2-3 Center of Gravity ................................ 2-3
2-4 Airspeed ............................................. 2-5
2-5 Altitude ............................................... 2-5
2-6 Rotor RPM .......................................... 2-6
2-7 Power Plant Limitations ...................... 2-7
2-8 Transmission Limitations ................... 2-8
2-9 Restrictions ........................................ 2-8
2-10 Minimum Crew ................................... 2-8
2-11 Instrument Markings .......................... 2-8
2-12 Placards............................................ 2-10
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE
2-1 VNE Placard – Envelopes A & B .......... 2-11
2-2 V
2-3 V
Placard – Envelopes C & D ......... 2-12
NE
Placard – Envelopes A & B
NE
(w/120°F) ......................................... 2-13
2-4 V
Placard – Envelopes C & D
NE
(w/120°F) ......................................... 2-14
FAA Approved: Mar 26/12 Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
2-2 ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
FAA Approved: Mar 26/12 Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL 2-3
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SECTION 2. OPERATING LIMITATIONS
2-1. Type of Operation
1. This helicopter is approved for operation under day and
night VFR non-icing conditions.
2. Operation with doors removed is approved. All loose
objects and equipment within the cabin must be properly
secured.
NOTE
Refer to Section 6 for proper weight and balance
calculations for operation with the doors removed.
2-2. Weight
1. The maximum gross weight of this helicopter is 2600
pounds (reference Figure 6-1).
2-3. Center of Gravity
NOTE
All airspeeds are IAS unless otherwise noted.
1. The longitudinal datum is 100.0 inches forward of the
center of the main rotor head.
2. There are four gross weight/c.g. envelopes for this
helicopter (reference Figure 6-1). Each envelope
corresponds to one of four V
/altitude envelopes as
NE
described in Paragraph 2-4 (reference Figure 5-1).
3. Envelope A is the lightest weight envelope with a V
117 MPH at sea level. The c.g. and gross weight limits vary
as follows:
a. Upper weight limit is 2350 lb.
b. Forward limit is at 92.0 inches.
FAA Approved: Mar 26/12 Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
NE
of
2-4 ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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c. Aft limit varies linearly from 94.6 inches at 2350 lb to
100.0 inches at 2000 lb. Aft limit at 100.0 inches below
2000 lb.
4. Envelope B is the next heavier envelope. It has a V
NE
of
104 MPH. The c.g. and gross weight limits vary as follows:
a. Upper weight limit is 2450 lb.
b. Forward limit varies linearly from 93.8 inches at 2450
lb to 92.0 inches at 2350 lb.
c. Aft limit varies linearly from 96.0 inches at 2450 lb to
99.2 inches at 2240 lb and 100.0 inches at 2000 lb.
d. The lower limit corresponds to the upper and aft limits
of Envelope A.
5. Envelope C has a V
at sea level of 91 MPH. The c.g. and
NE
gross weight limits vary as follows:
a. Upper weight limit is 2550 lb.
b. Forward limit varies linearly from 95.5 inches at 2550
lb to 93.8 inches at 2450 lb.
c. Aft limit varies linearly from 97.3 inches at 2550 lb to
98.4 inches at 2470 lb and then to 99.2 inches at 2240
lb.
d. The lower limit corresponds to the upper and aft limits
of Envelope B.
6. Envelope D is the heaviest envelope. It has a V
NE
level of 85 MPH. The c.g. and gross weight limits vary as
follows:
a. Upper weight limit is 2600 lb.
b. Forward limit varies linearly from 96.3 inches at 2600
lb to 95.5 inches at 2550 lb.
c. Aft limit varies linearly from 98.0 inches at 2600 lb to
98.4 inches at 2470 lb.
d. The lower limit corresponds to the upper and aft limits
of Envelope C.
FAA Approved: Mar 26/12 Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
at sea
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL 2-5
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7. The lateral datum line is the centerline of the helicopter.
Lateral moment arms are positive right and negative left.
8. Lateral offset moment limits vary with weight (reference
Figure 6-2).
a. From 2025 lb to 2600 lb, limits are -3250 in-lb and
+3700 in-lb.
b. Below 2025 lb, reference Figure 6-2.
2-4. Airspeed
Power-on never exceed speed (V
) is 117 MPH, IAS, sea level
NE
to 3000 ft density altitude. Reference Figure 5-1 for
variations above 3000 ft and for variations with gross
weight/c.g. V
, whichever is lower.
V
NE
for autorotation is 85 MPH or the power-on
NE
NOTE
There are four V
/altitude envelopes that apply to
NE
this helicopter. Each envelope corresponds to one of
four gross weight /c.g. envelopes (reference Figure 5-
1).
2-5. Altitude
Maximum approved operating altitude is 12,000 ft density
altitude at 2350 lb. For variations of altitude with gross
weight, reference Figure 5-1.
NOTE
Takeoffs and landings at 2600 lb gross weight were
demonstrated to 7000 ft density altitude in all wind
conditions up to 20 MPH. DO NOT EXCEED ENGINE
LIMITATIONS.
FAA Approved: Mar 26/12 Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
2-6 ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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NOTE
Takeoffs and landings at 2350 lb gross weight were
demonstrated to 10,000 ft density altitude in all
wind conditions up to 15 MPH.
NOTE
Operators should use appropriate caution above
10,000 ft density altitude and in winds greater than
15 MPH to ensure safe takeoffs and landings.
2-6. Rotor RPM
1. Flight limitations power on:
Minimum 334 RPM
Maximum 351 RPM
2. Flight limitations power off:
Minimum 334 RPM
Maximum 385 RPM
3. Reference Section 8 for adjustment procedures.
NOTE
During transient maneuvers, such as simulated
power failure during pilot training, the rotor RPM
may fall below 334. These maneuvers have been
demonstrated with rotor RPM dropping briefly to
280; however, sufficient time and altitude must be
available to regain RPM.
NOTE
The helicopter is equipped with a rotor RPM warning
device. Operating the helicopter below 334 RPM with
the collective off the down stop will automatically
activate a warning horn.
FAA Approved: Mar 26/12 Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL 2-7
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2-7. Power Plant Limitations – Lycoming HIO-360-
F1AD with Turbocharger
(Turbocharger installation per STC SE484GL).
1. Maximum continuous
power
2. Engine operating RPM Minimum
225 hp, 3050 RPM, 39.0 in
MP, sea level to 12,000 ft
2900 RPM
Maximum 3050 RPM
3. Engine idle RPM
(clutch disengaged)
4. Manifold pressure
Minimum
1450 RPM
Maximum 1500 RPM
39.0 in Hg maximum, sea
level to 12,000 ft
5. Cylinder head
500°F maximum
temperature
6. EGT/TIT 1650°F maximum
NOTE
The maximum limit for the turbocharger turbine
inlet temperature (TIT) is 1650°F. This limit was
previously referred to as EGT (exhaust gas
temperature).
7. Fuel
100/130 aviation grade
gasoline (green)
100LL aviation grade
gasoline (blue)
8. Fuel
mixture
setting
29 in MP or
below
Maximum fuel flow
- full rich
Minimum fuel flow
- leaned to 1650°F rich side
of peak
29 in MP to
Full rich
39.0 in MP
9. Oil temperature 245°F maximum
10. Oil
pressure
Maximum starting and
warm-up
100 psi
Normal operating 60-90 psi
Minimum idling 25 psi
FAA Approved: Mar 12/19 Rev. 12
Report No. 28-AC-020 Dec 3/18
2-8 ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL
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2-8. Transmissions Limitations
1. Transmission oil temperature
Maximum 225°F
2-9. Restrictions
1. Instrument flight is prohibited.
2. Aerobatic maneuvers are prohibited.
3. Hovering IGE above 10,000 ft density altitude is limited to
five minutes.
2-10. Minimum Crew
1. One pilot.
2. Solo from left seat only.
2-11. Instrument Markings
1. Rotor tachometer
334 RPM red line
334-385 RPM green arc
385 RPM red line
2. Engine tachometer
2900 RPM red line
2900-3050 RPM green arc
3050 RPM red line
3. Maximum airspeed
85 MPH
(Power off)
117 MPH
blue line or red
cross-hatched line
red line
(Power on)
FAA Approved: Mar 26/12 Rev. 6
Report No. 28-AC-020 Feb 21/12
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