EnOcean STM310C User Manual

USER MANUAL V0.6

Scavenger Transmitter Module STM 31x / STM 31xC

September 7, 2010

Observe precautions! Electrostatic sensitive devices!

Patent protected:

WO98/36395, DE 100 25 561, DE 101 50 128, WO 2004/051591, DE 103 01 678 A1, DE 10309334, WO 04/109236, WO 05/096482, WO 02/095707, US 6,747,573, US 7,019,241

EnOcean GmbH Kolpingring 18a 82041 Oberhaching Germany

Phone +49.89.67 34 689-0 Fax +49.89.67 34 689-50 info@enocean.com www.enocean.com

Subject to modific at ions STM 31x / STM 31xC User Manual V0. 6 September 7, 2010 3:58 PM Page 1/28

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

REVISION HISTORY

The following major modifications and improvements have been made to the first version of this document:

No Major Changes

0.5 Initial version

0.6 New drawings added, Agency approvals added

Published by EnOcean GmbH, Kolpingring 18a, 82041 Oberhaching, Germany www.enocean.com, info@enocean.com, phone ++49 (89) 6734 6890

Important!

This information describes the type of component and shall not be considered as assured characteristics. No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions or inaccuracies. Circuitry and specifications are subject to change without notice. For the latest product specifications, refer to the EnOcean website: http://www.enocean.com. As far as patents or other rights of third parties are concerned, liability is only assumed for modules, not for the described applications, processes and circuits. EnOcean does not assume responsibility for use of modules described and limits its liability to the replacement of modules determined to be defective due to workmanship. Devices or systems containing RF components must meet the essential requirements of the local legal authorities. The modules must not be used in any relation with equipment that supports, directly or indirectly, human health or life or with applications that can result in danger for people, animals or real value. Components of the modules are considered and should be disposed of as hazardous waste. Local government regulations are to be observed. Packing: Please use the recycling operators known to you. By agreement we will take packing material back if it is sorted. You must bear the costs of transport. For packing material that is returned to us unsorted or that we are not obliged to accept, we shall have to invoice you for any costs incurred.

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

TABLE OF CONTENT

GENERAL DESCRIPTION................................................................................. 4

1

1.1

Basic functionality ......................................................................................... 4

Technical data .............................................................................................. 5

1.2

Physical dimensions....................................................................................... 5

1.3

Environmental conditions ...............................................................................7

1.4

Ordering Information ..................................................................................... 7

1.5

2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................ 8

Simplified firmware flow chart and block diagram .............................................. 8

2.1

Pin out ......................................................................................................... 9

2.2

Pin description and operational characteristics ................................................ 10

2.3

Interface supply voltage........................................................................... 11

2.3.1

Analog and digital inputs .......................................................................... 12

2.3.2

Absolute maximum ratings (non operating) .................................................... 12

2.4

Maximum ratings (operating)........................................................................ 12

2.5

Power management and voltage regulators .................................................... 13

2.6

Configuration .............................................................................................. 13

2.7

Configuration via pins .............................................................................. 13

2.7.1

Configuration via serial interface ............................................................... 15

2.7.2

Radio telegram ........................................................................................... 16

2.8

Normal operation .................................................................................... 16

2.8.1

Teach-in telegram ................................................................................... 17

2.8.2

Transmit timing .......................................................................................... 17

2.9

Charging circuitry................................................................................... 18

2.10

Energy consumption ............................................................................... 18

2.11

3 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION ...................................................................... 20

3.1

Using the WAKE pins ................................................................................... 20

Antenna options .......................................................................................... 22

3.2

Whip antenna (STM 310, STM 310C, STM 312, STM 312C) ........................... 22

3.2.1

Helical antenna (STM 311, STM 311C) ....................................................... 23

3.2.2

Transmission range ..................................................................................... 24

3.3

4 AGENCY CERTIFICATIONS ............................................................................ 25

4.1

CE Approval................................................................................................ 25

FCC (United States) certification ................................................................... 26

4.2

IC (Industry Canada) certification.................................................................. 28

4.3

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

1.1 Basic functionality

The extremely power saving RF transmitter module STM 31x of EnOcean enables the realization of a wide range of wireless and maintenance free sensors such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, or room operating panels.

Power supply is provided by a small solar cell, an external energy harvester, or an external 3V battery. An energy storage is installed to bridge periods with no supply from the energy harvester. The module provides a user configurable cyclic wake up. After wake up the external sensors are supplied and after a configurable delay (default 2ms) the internal microcontroller reads the status of the connected sensors. A radio telegram will be transmitted in case of a change of any digital input value compared to the last sending or in case of a significant change of measured analogue values. In case of no relevant input change a redundant retransmission signal is sent after a user configurable number of wake-ups to announce all current values. In addition to the cyclic wake-up, a wake up can be triggered externally using a wake input or the internal LRN button.

Features with built-in firmware

 Pre-installed solar cell (except STM 312/STM 312C)  On-board energy storage and charging circuit  On-board LRN button  On-board TX indicator LED  20 pin connector for external sensors  3 A/D converter inputs  3 digital inputs  Configurable wake-up and transmission cycle  Wake-up via Wake pins or LRN button

Product vari an ts

 STM 310/310C: Variant including solar cell and whip antenna  STM 311/311C: Variant including solar cell and helical antenna  STM 312/312C: Variant including whip antenna but no pre-installed solar cell

Features accessible v i a API

Using the Dolphin API library it is possible to write custom firmware for the module. The API provides:

 Integrated 16 MHz 8051 CPU with 32 KB FLASH and 2 kB SRAM  Various power down and sleep modes down to typ. 0.2 µA current consumption  Up to 13 configurable I/Os  10 bit ADC, 8 bit DAC

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

1.2 Technical data

Antenna whip or helical antenna installed Frequency 315.0 MHz (STM 31xC)/868.3 MHz (STM 31x) Radio Standard EnOcean 868 MHz/315 MHz Data rate/Modulation type 125 kbps/ASK Conducted Output Power typ. 2 dBm Power Supply @ VDD Pre-installed solar cell (except STM312 / STM312C)

Illumination 50-100000 lux

2.1 V–5.0 V, 2.6 V needed for start-up

Initial operation time in darkness @ 25°C

Operation start up time with empty energy store

Input Cha nnels 3x digital input, 2x WAKE input , 3x analog input

Radio Regulations R&TTE EN 300 220 (STM 31x)

typ. 4 days, energy storage fully charged, wake-up every

100 s, transmission of telegram every 1000 s on average

typ. 2.5 min @ 400 lux / 25°C

incandescent or fluorescent light

Resolution: 3x 8 bit or 1x 10 bit, 1x 8 bit, 1x 6 bit

FCC CFR-47 Part 15 (STM 31xC)

1

1.3 Physical dimensions

PCB dimensions 43±0.2 x 16±0.3 x 1±0.1 mm Module height 9 mm Weight 3.3g (STM 312) – 6.2g (STM 311C), depending on variant

1

Full performance of the PAS614L energy storage is achieved after a few days of operation at good illumination level. Performance degrades over life time, especially if energy storage is exposed to higher temperatures. Each 10K drop in temperature doubles the expected life span.

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

1.4 Environmental conditions

Operating temperature -20 °C … +60 °C Storage temperature -20 °C … +60 °C Humidity 0% … 93% r.h., non-condensing

1.5 Ordering Information

Type Ordering Code Frequency

STM 310 S3001-D310 868.3 MHz

STM 311 S3001-D311 868.3 MHz

STM 312 S3001-D312 868.3 MHz

STM 310C S3031-D310 315.0 MHz

STM 311C S3031-D311 315.0 MHz

STM 312C S3031-D312 315.0 MHz

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

2.1 Simplified firmware flow chart and block diagram

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

VCHAR

VDD

Whip or helical antenna

UVDDext

WAKE0

LRN

LRN button

CW_1 CW_0

RESET

2.2 Pin out

DOLPHIN

EO3000I

Power management

Spontaneous wake-up

Cyclic Wake-up

(ever y 1s ,10s , 100s, or SW defined)

Solar Cell

VGC

16MHz Oscillator

RF Transmitter

868.3 MHz (STM31x)

315.0 MHz (STM31xC)

Micro Controller

Presence Signal

(every 100 t h, every 10th, every cyclic wake-up or SW defined)

Energy Storage

GND

BALUN

A/D

CP_1CP_0

Transmit Indicator

LED

DI_0 DI_1

DI_2

SWPWR

AD_0 AD_1

AD_2

Energy

Store

LED

1

LR N

The figure above shows the pin out of the STM 31x hardware. The pins are named according to the naming of the EO3000I chip to simplify usage of the DOLPHIN API. The table in section 2.3 shows the translation of hardware pins to a naming that fits the functionality of the built-in firmware.

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

2.3 Pin description and operational characteristics

STM 31x H a rd w a re Sym bol

GND GND Ground connection VDD VDD Supply voltage 2.1 V – 5.0 V; Start-up voltage: 2.6 V

VCHAR VCHAR Charging input Input for external energy harvester (for

VGC VGC Voltage Gold Cap Connection of additional external energy

SWPWR (= switched DVDD)

UVDDext (=UVDD with 1.8MΩ in series)

IOVDD (not available at pin connector)

RESET

PROG_EN

ADIO0

ADIO1 AD_1 Analog input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

ADIO2 AD_2 Analog input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

ADIO3 DI_0 Digital input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

ADIO4

STM 31x

Function C haracteristics

Firm w a re Sym bol

SWPWR DVDD supply volt-

age regulator output switched via transistor controlled by EO3000I WXIDIO pin.

UVDD

IOVDD

RESET

PROG_EN

Ultra low power supply voltage regulator output

Digital interface supply voltage

Reset input Programming I/F

Programming I/F HIGH: programming mode active

AD_0

Analog input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

DI_1

Digital input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

Maximum ripple: see 2.6 Connection of external 3 V battery possible

use in STM 312). See 2.10.

storage or battery possible. See 2.10.

1.8 V. Output current: max. 5 mA. Supply for external circuitry, available while not in deep sleep mode. SWPWR is switched on 2ms (default) before sampling of inputs and is switched off afterwards. The delay time can be configured, see

2.7.2 (needed for stabilization of sensors) Not for supply of external circuitry!

For use with WAKE pins only, see section

3.1. Limited to max. 1 µA output current by internal 1.8 MΩ resistor!

Internal connection to EO3000I DVDD (typ. 1.8 V) See 2.3.1.

Active high reset (1.8 V) Fixed internal 10 kΩ pull-down.

LOW: operating mode Digital input, fixed internal 10 kΩ pulldown.

Resolution 8 bit. See also 2.7.2.

Resolution 8 bit (default) or 10 bit. See 2.7.2.

Resolution 8 bit (default) or 6 bit. See 2.7.2.

See 2.7.2. Internal pull-up

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

ADIO6 DI_2 Digital input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

See 2.7.2. Internal pull-up

ADIO7

LED Transmission

indicator LED

Flashes during radio transmission. Active LOW.

Programming I/F

SCSEDIO0

CW_1

Encoding input for wake-up cycle

Configuration interface. Leave open or connect to GND. See 2.7.1. Internal pull-up

Programming I/F

SCLKDIO1

CW_0 Encoding input for

wake-up cycle

Configuration interface. Leave open or connect to GND. See 2.7.1. Internal pull-up

Programming I/F

WSDADIO2

CP_1 Encoding input for

retransmission

Configuration interface. Leave open or connect to GND. See 2.7.1. Internal pull-up

Programming I/F

RSDADIO3

CP_0 Encoding input for

retransmission

Configuration interface. Leave open or connect to GND. See 2.7.1. Internal pull-up

Programming I/F

WAKE0 WAKE0 Wake input Change of logic state leads to wake-up and

transmission of a telegram. Must be connected to UVDDext or GND! At time of delivery WAKE0 is connected to UVDDext via a jumper at the connector. See also 3.1.

WAKE1 LRN LRN input Change of logic state to LOW leads to

wake-up and transmission of teach-in telegram. Internal pull-up to UVDD. See also 2.7.2, 2.8.2, and 3.1.

2.3.1 Interface supply v ol t ag e

The IOVDD pin of EO3000I is internally connected to DVDD. For digital communication with other circuitry therefore a voltage of 1.8 V has to be used. While the module is in deep sleep mode the microcontroller with all its peripherals is switched off and DVDD, IOVDD, and SWPWR are not supplied.

If DVDD=0 V and IOVDD is not supplied (e.g. while in sleep mode), do not apply voltage to ADIO0 to ADIO7 and the pins of the serial interface (SCSEDIO0, SCLKDIO1, WSDADIO2, RSDADIO3). This may lead to unpredictable malfunction of the device.

For I/O pins configured as analog pins the IOVDD voltage level is not relevant! See also 2.3.2.

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STM 31X / STM 31XC

2.3.2 Analog and digital inputs

Parameter Conditions / Notes Min Typ Max Units

Analog Input

Measurement range

Single ended 0.05 RVDD-

0.05

V

Input coupling DC

Measurement bandwidth 100 kHz

Input resistance

Input capacitance

Single ended against RGND @ 1 kHz Single ended against RGND @ 1 kHz

10 MΩ

10 pF

Effective measurement resolution Configurable, see 2.7.2 6 10 bit

Relative measurement accuracy

Related to the reference voltage within specified

0.6 %

input range

Digital Input Mode

Input HIGH voltage

Input LOW voltage

2/3

IOVDD

1/3

V

IOVDD

Pull up resistor @IOVDD=1.7 … 1.9 V 90 132 200 kΩ

2.4 Absolute maximum ratings (non operating)

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

VDD Supply voltage at VDD -0.5 5.5 V

VGC Voltage gold cap 1.5 3.3 V

VCHAR Supply voltage from external energy harvester 0 6 V

GND Ground connection 0 0 V

VINA Voltage at every analog input pin -0.5 2 V

VIND Voltage at RESET, WAKE0/1, and every digital input -0.5 3.6 V

2.5 Maximum ratings (operating )

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

VDD Supply voltage at VDD and VDDLIM 2.1 5.0 V

VGC Voltage gold cap 1.5 3.3 V

VCHAR Supply voltage from external energy harvester 0 6 V

Supply current from external energy harvester

ICHAR

Continuous

Short term (<10 min) GND Ground connection 0 0 V VINA Voltage at every analog input pin 0 2.0 V VIND Voltage at RESET, WAKE0/1, and every digital input 0 3.6 V

50

1

µA

mA

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

2.6 Power management and voltage regulators

Symbol Parameter Conditions / Notes Min Typ Max Units

Voltage Regulators

VDDR

Ripple on VDD, where

Min(VDD) > VON UVDD Ultra Low Power supply 1.8 V RVDD RF supply Internal signal only 1.7 1.8 1.9 V DVDD Digital supply Internal signal only 1.7 1.8 1.9 V

Threshold Detector

VON Turn on threshold 2.3 2.45 2.6 V

VOFF Turn off threshold

Threshold detector

STM 31x provides an internal ultra low power ON/OFF threshold detector. If VDD > VON, it turns on the ultra low power regulator (UVDD), the watchdog timer and the WAKE# pins circuitry. If VDD ≤ VOFF it initiates the automatic shut down of STM 31x. For details of this mechanism please refer to the Dolphin Core Description documentation.

50 mV

Automatic shutdown if

1.85 1.9 2.1 V

VDD drops below VOFF

pp

2.7 Configuration

2.7.1 Configuration via pins

The encoding input pins have to be left open or connected to GND in correspondence with the following connection schemes. These settings are checked at every wake-up.

Wake-up cycle time

CW_0 CW_1 Wake-up cycle time

NC GND 1 s ±20%

GND NC 10 s ±20%

NC NC 100 s ±20%

GND GND No cyclic wake-up

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

Redundant retransmission

Via CP_0 and CP_1 an internal counter is set which is decreased at every wake-up signal. Once the counter reaches zero the redundant retransmission signal is sent.

CP_0 CP_1 Number of wake-ups that

trigger a redundant retransmission

GND NC Every timer wake-up signal

NC NC Every 7th - 14th timer wake-up signal, affected at random

NC GND Every 70th - 140th timer wake-up signal, affected at random

GND GND No redundant retransmission

A radio telegram is always transmitted after wake-up via WAKE pins! After transmission the counter is reset to a random value within the specified interval.

According to FCC 15.231a) a redundant retransmission at every timer wake-up to determine the system integrity is only allowed in safety and security applications! In this case the total transmission time must not exceed two seconds per hour, which means that a combination with a 1 s wake-up cycle time is not allowed!

If applied in other (non-safety, non-security) applications a minimum of 10 s between periodic transmissions is required. In addition the device has to comply with the lower field strength limits of 15.231e). The limited modular approval of STM 31xC is not valid in this case.

x

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

2.7.2 Configuration via seri al i nterface

Via the programming interface the configuration area can be modified. This provides a lot more configuration options. Values set via serial interface override hardware settings! These settings are read after RESET or power-on reset only and not at every wake-up of the module!

Parameter Configuration

via pin s

Wake up cycle See section 2.7.1 Value can be set from 1 s to 65534 s

Redundant Retransmission cycle

Threshold values for analog inputs

(transmission of telegram if threshold value exceeded)

Resolution of the analog inputs

Input mask No

Delay time between SWPWR on and sampling moment

(for stabilization of external sensor measurement values)

Source of AD_2 No

Edge of wake pin change causing a telegram transmission

Manufacturer ID and EEP (EnOcean Equipment Profile)

See section 2.7.1

No

Min…Max values for random interval If Min=Max -> random switched off

The default values are: 5 LSB at AD_1 input, 6 LSB at AD_0 and 14 LSB at AD_2.

The threshold value can be set between 0 and full scale for every input individually.

Default: AD_0: 8 bit, AD_1: 8 bit, AD_2: 8 bit Option: AD_0: 10 bit, AD_1: 6 bit, AD_2: 8 bit

A digital input mask for ignoring changes on digital input pins. At default all input bits are checked.

Value can be set from 0 ms to 508 ms in steps of 2 ms. Default delay time is 2 ms.

Select if AD_2 contains measurement value of external ADIO2 pin or from internal VDD/4

Every change of a wake pin triggers a wake-up. For both wake pins it can be configured individually if a telegram shall be sent on rising, falling or both edges.

Information about manufacturer and type of device. This feature is needed for “automatic” interoperability of sensors and actuators or bus systems. Unique manufacturer IDs are distributed by the EnOcean Alliance.

Configuration

via serial interface

The interface is shown in the figure below:

GND VDD

Reset

Dolphin Studio, or EOP

USB

USB <=> SPI

interface

SPI

PROG_EN

ADIO7 SCSEDIO0 SCLKDIO1

WSDADIO2

RSDADIO3

STM

31

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 31X / STM 31XC

EnOcean provides EOPx (EnOcean Programmer, a command line program) and Dolphin Studio (Windows application for chip configuration, programming, and testing) and the USB/SPI programmer device as part of the EDK 300 developer´s kit.

2.8 Radio telegram

2.8.1 Normal operation

Telegram content (seen at serial interface of RCM 130/TCM 3x0 or at DOLPHIN API):

ORG = 0x07 (Telegram type “4BS”)

Data_Byte1..3

3x8bit mode:

DATA_BYTE3 = Value of AD_2 analog input DATA_BYTE2 = Value of AD_1 analog input DATA_BYTE1 = Value of AD_0 analog input

1x8bit, 1x6it, 1x10bit mode:

DATA_BYTE3 = Value of AD_2 DATA_BYTE2 = Upper 2 bits of AD_0 and value of AD_1 DATA_BYTE1 = Lower 8 bits Value of AD_0 analog input

DATA_BYTE0 = Digital sensor inputs as follows: Bit 7 Bit 0

Reserved, set to 0 DI_3=1 DI_2 DI_1 DI_0

ID_BYTE3 = module identifier (Byte3) ID_BYTE2 = module identifier (Byte2) ID_BYTE1 = module identifier (Byte1) ID_BYTE0 = module identifier (Byte0)

The voltages measured at the analog inputs can be calculated from these values as follows:

U=(Value of AD_x)/(2

Please note the limitations in the measurement range of the A/D converter as shown in 2.3.2.

DATA_BYTE3 DATA_BYTE2 DATA_BYTE1

AD_2 AD_1 AD_0

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

n

)x1.8 V n=resolution of channel in bit

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STM 31X / STM 31XC

2.8.2 Teach-in telegram

In case of a wake-up via WAKE1 pin (LRN input) the module transmits a teach-in telegram.

 If the manufacturer code is not set, the module transmits a normal telegram according to 2.8.1

with the difference that DI_3=0.

 If a manufacturer code is set, this teach-in telegram contains special information as described

below.

With this special teach-in telegram it is possible to identify the manufacturer of a device and the function and type of a device. There is a list available from the EnOcean Alliance describing the functionalities of the respective products.

ORG = 0x07 (Telegram type “4BS”)

DATA_BYTE0..3 see below LRN Type = 1 LRN = 0 DI0..DI2: current status of digital inputs Profile, Type, Manufacturer-ID defined by manufacturer RE0..2: set to 0

ID_BYTE3 = module identifier (Byte3) ID_BYTE2 = module identifier (Byte2) ID_BYTE1 = module identifier (Byte1) ID_BYTE0 = module identifier (Byte0)

ORG Data_Byte3 Data_Byte2 Data_Byte1 Data_Byte0 ID

Function 6 Bit

Type 7 Bit

ManufacturerID 11 Bit

LRN Type 1Bit

RE2 1Bit

RE1 1Bit

RE0 1Bit

LRN 1Bit

DI2 1Bit

DI1 1Bit

DI0 1Bit

2.9 Transmit tim ing

The setup of the transmission timing allows avoiding possible collisions with data packages of other EnOcean transmitters as well as disturbances from the environment. With each transmission cycle, 3 identical subtelegrams are transmitted within 40 ms. The transmission of a subtelegram lasts approximately 1.2 ms. The delay between the three transmission bursts is affected at random.

If a new wake-up occurs before all sub-telegrams have been sent, the series of transmissions is stopped and a new series of telegrams with new valid measurement values is transmitted.

EnOcean STM310C User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual