Registered trademark of the HART Communication Foundation, Austin, USA
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The Micropilot is a "downward-looking" measuring system, operating based on the frequency
modulated continuous wave method (FMCW). The antenna emits an electromagnetic wave at a
continuously varying frequency. This wave is reflected by the product and received again by the
antenna.
A0032017
1FMCW principle: transmission and reflection of the continuous wave
RReference point of measurement
DDistance between reference point and product surface
The frequency of this wave is modulated in the form of a sawtooth signal between two limit
frequencies f1 and f2:
2FMCW principle: result of frequency modulation
1Transmitted signal
2Received signal
This results in the following difference frequency at any time between the transmitted signal and the
received signal:
Δf = k Δt
where Δt is the run time and k is the specified increase in frequency modulation.
Δt is given by the distance D between the reference point R and the product surface:
D = (c Δt) / 2
where c is the speed of propagation of the wave.
In summary, D can be calculated from the measured difference frequency Δf. D is then used to
determine the content of the tank or silo.
The measured variable is the distance between the reference point and the product surface. The level
is calculated based on "E", the empty distance entered. Optionally, the level can be converted to other
variables (volume, mass) by linearization (32 value pairs).
DeviceAntenna
FMR67GA:
Drip-off, PTFE 50 mm / 2"
GP:
PTFE flush mount 80 mm / 3"
1)Feature 070 in the product structure
Usable measuring range
The usable measuring range depends on the antenna size, the medium's reflective properties, the
installation position and any possible interference reflections.
Approx. 80 GHz
Up to 8 devices can be installed in the same tank without interfering with each other.
EncryptionEncrypted communication and password encryption prevent incorrect
Switch output
Micropilot FMR67
operation by unauthorized persons.
For HART devices, the switch output is available as an option. See product structure, feature 20:
"Power Supply, Output", option B: "2-wire; 4-20mA HART, switch output"
Switch output
FunctionOpen collector switching output
Switching behaviorBinary (conductive or non-conductive), switches when the programmable switch
point is reached
Failure modenon-conductive
Electrical connection values U = 16 to 35 VDC, I = 0 to 40 mA
Internal resistanceRI < 880 Ω
The voltage drop at this internal resistance has to be taken into account on
planning the configuration. For example, the resulting voltage at a connected
relay must be sufficient to switch the relay.
Insulation voltagefloating, Insulation voltage 1350 VDC to power supply aund 500 VAC to ground
Switch pointfreely programmable, separately for switch-on and switch-off point
Switching delayfreely programmable from 0 to 100 s, separately for switch-on and switch-off
point
Number of switching cycles corresponds to the measuring cycle
Depending on the interface, failure information is displayed as follows:
• Current output (for HART devices)
– Failsafe mode selectable (in accordance with NAMUR Recommendation NE 43):
– Failsafe mode with user-selectable value: 3.59 to 22.5 mA
• Local display
– Status signal (in accordance with NAMUR Recommendation NE 107)
– Plain text display
• Operating tool via HART communication or service interface (CDI)
– Status signal (in accordance with NAMUR Recommendation NE 107)
– Plain text display
Linearization
The linearization function of the device allows the conversion of the measured value into any unit of
length or volume. Linearization tables for calculating the volume in cylindrical tanks are preprogrammed. Other linearization tables of up to 32 value pairs can be entered manually or semiautomatically.
Galvanic isolation
All circuits for the outputs are galvanically isolated from each other.
Protocol-specific dataHART
Manufacturer ID17 (0x11)
Device type ID0x112B
HART specification7.0
Device description files (DTM, DD)Information and files under:
HART loadmin. 250 Ω
HART device variablesThe measured values can be freely assigned to the device variables.
Supported functions• Burst mode
Minimum alarm: 3.6 mA
Maximum alarm (= factory setting): 22 mA
• www.endress.com
• www.fieldcommgroup.org
Measured values for PV (primary variable)
• Level linearized
• Distance
• Electronic temperature
• Relative echo amplitude
• Area of incoupling
• Analog output adv. diagnostics 1
• Analog output adv. diagnostics 2
Measured values for SV, TV, FV (second, third and fourth variable)
5Terminal assignment 2-wire, 4-20 mA HART, 4...20mA
AWithout integrated overvoltage protection
BWith integrated overvoltage protection
1Connection current output 2
2Connection current output 1
3Supply voltage for current output 1 (e.g. RN221N); Observe terminal voltage
4Cable screen; observe cable specification
5HART communication resistor (≥ 250 Ω): Observe maximum load
6Connection for Commubox FXA195 or FieldXpert SFX350/SFX370 (via VIATOR Bluetooth modem)
7Analog display device ; observe maximum load
8Analog display device ; observe maximum load
9Supply voltage for current output 2 (e.g. RN221N); Obeserve terminal voltage
10 Overvoltage protection module
11 Current output 2: Terminals 3 and 4
12 Terminal for the potential equalization line
13 Cable entry for current output 1
14 Cable entry for current output 2
This version is also suited for single-channel operation. In this case, current output 1 (terminals
1 and 2) must be used.
For HART devices, the switch output is available as an option. See product structure, feature 20:
"Power Supply, Output", option B: "2-wire; 4-20mA HART, switch output"
• Devices without integrated overvoltage protection
Pluggable spring-force terminals for wire cross-sections 0.5 to 2.5 mm2 (20 to 14 AWG)
• Devices with integrated overvoltage protection
Screw terminals for wire cross-sections 0.2 to 2.5 mm2 (24 to 14 AWG)
• For ambient temperature TU≥60 °C (140 °F): use cable for temperature TU +20 K.
HART
• A normal device cable suffices if only the analog signal is used.
• A shielded cable is recommended if using the HART protocol. Observe grounding concept of the
plant.
If the measuring device is used for level measurement in flammable liquids which requires the use of
overvoltage protection according to DIN EN 60079-14, standard for
test procedures 60060-1 (10 kA, pulse 8/20 μs), an overvoltage protection module has to be
installed.
Integrated overvoltage protection module
An integrated overvoltage protection module is available for 2-wire HART devices.
Product structure: Feature 610 "Accessory mounted", option NA "Overvoltage protection".
Technical data
Resistance per channel2 × 0.5 Ω max.
Threshold DC voltage400 to 700 V
Threshold impulse voltage< 800 V
Capacitance at 1 MHz< 1.5 pF
Nominal arrest impulse voltage (8/20 μs)10 kA
External overvoltage protection module
HAW562 or HAW569 from Endress+Hauser are suited as external overvoltage protection.
1)The material of the gland is dependent on the housing type; GT18 (stainless steel housing): 316L (1.4404); GT19 (plastic housing) and GT20
(aluminum housing): nickel-coated brass (CuZn).
• Reflector: metal plate with diameter ≥ 1 m (40 in)
• No major interference reflections inside the signal beam
Typical data under reference operating conditions: DIN EN IEC 61298-2 / DIN EN IEC 60770-1;
percentage values in relation to the span.
Output:digitalanalog
Accuracy (Sum of nonlinearity, nonrepeatability
and hysteresis)
Non-repeatability
1)Add error of the analogous value to the digital value.
2)If the reference conditions are not met, the offset/zero point arising from the mounting conditions may be
up to ±4 mm (0.16 in). This additional offset/zero point can be compensated for by entering a correction
(parameter "level correction") during commissioning.
3)The non-repeatability is already considered in the accuracy.
2)
3)
Measuring distance up to 1.5 m (4.92 ft): max.
±20 mm (±0.79 in)
Measuring distance > 1.5 m (4.92 ft): ±3 mm (±0.12 in)±0.02 %
≤ 1 mm (0.04 in)
1)
±0.02 %
The devices are optimized for bulk solid applications on delivery. An additional reference
condition for the accuracy specifications of bulk solid applications is Bin type = Workbench
test
Differing values in near-range applications
A0032637
8Maximum measured error in near-range applications
ΔMaximum measured error
RReference point of the distance measurement
DDistance from reference point of antenna
Measured value resolution
Dead band according to DIN EN IEC 61298-2 / DIN EN IEC 60770-1:
The response time can be configured. The following step response times (in accordance with
DIN EN IEC 61298-2 / DIN EN IEC 60770-1)
Sampling rate
Response time< 3.6 s
The measurements are performed according to DIN EN IEC 61298-3 / DIN EN IEC 60770-1
• Digital (HART): average TK = 3 mm/10 K
• Analog (current output):
– Zero point (4 mA): average TK = 0.02 %/10 K
– Span (20 mA): average TK = 0.05 %/10 K
≥1.3 s–1 at U ≥ 24 V
2)
are when damping is switched off:
2)According to DIN EN IEC 61298-2 / DIN EN IEC 60770-1, the step response time is the time that elapses after an abrupt change in the input
signal until the change in the output signal has adopted 90% of the steady-state value for the first time.
• Recommended distance A wall - nozzle outer edge: ~ 1/6 of the container diameter. However, the
device must not under any circumstances be mounted closer than 20 cm (7.87 in) to the container
wall.
If the container wall is not smooth (corrugated iron, welding seams, joints, etc.) it is recommended
to maintain the largest possible distance from the wall. Where necessary use an alignment unit to
avoid interference reflections from the container wall.→ 28
• Not in the center (2) as interference can cause signal loss.
• Not above the filling curtain (3).
• The use of a weather protection cover (1) is recommended to protect the transmitter from direct
sunlight or rain.
• In applications with strong dust emissions, the integrated purge air connection can prevent the
antenna from becoming clogged → 30.
Avoid the location of internal fittings (limit switches, temperature sensors, struts etc.) inside the
signal beam. Pay attention to the beam angle → 26.
Metal deflection plates installed at an angle to scatter the radar signals help prevent interference
echoes.
Optimization options
• Antenna size
The larger the antenna the smaller the beam angle α,resulting in fewer interference echoes
→ 26.
• Mapping
Measurement can be optimized by electronically suppressing interference echoes.
• Adjustable flange seal for FMR67
Adjustable flange seals of sizes DN80 to DN150 (3" to 6") are available for the FMR67 with Dripoff antenna
3)
. They can be used to align the device to the product surface. Maximum angle of
alignment: 8 °.
How to order:
– Order with the device
4)
– Order as an accessory: → 77
• Alignment unit for FMR67
Flanges sized 4" / DN100 and higher are optionally available with an alignment unit
5)
They allow
the sensor to be optimally aligned to suit conditions in the container in order to prevent
interference reflections. The maximum angle is ±15 °.
The purpose of sensor alignment is primarily to:
– Prevent interference reflections
– Increase the maximum possible measuring range in conical outlets
3)Feature 070 in the product structure "Antenna", option GA
4)Feature 100 in the product structure "Process connection", options PL, PM, PN, PO, PQ, PR
5)see feature 100 in the product structure "Process connection".
9Relationship between beam angle α, distance D and beamwidth diameter W
The beam angle is defined as the angle α where the energy density of the radar waves reaches half
the value of the maximum energy density (3dB width). Microwaves are also emitted outside the
signal beam and can be reflected off interfering installations.