Elspec G4422, G4412, G4432, G4400, G4431 User manual

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Table of Content s

G4K Power Quality Analyzer - System Overview .......................................... 6

Warranty ..................................................................................... 8

Acronyms ................................................................................... 10

Product Selection Guide ................................................................. 13

Preparation - Safety Precautions .......................................................... 16

What You'll Need .......................................................................... 18

Unpacking Components & Accessories ................................................. 19

The G4K BLACKBOX Unit ................................................................. 23

G4K Quick & Simple Installation ........................................................... 25

G4K BLACKBOX Unit Mounting ........................................................... 25

G4K Wiring ................................................................................. 28

Voltage Connections ................................................................... 32

Wiring the Current Connections ...................................................... 34

Connect the AC/DC Supply Terminal ................................................ 36

Connect the 48VDC Input .............................................................. 38

Establish 1st Time Connection .......................................................... 39

Confirm Operation ........................................................................ 41

G4K Unit Access ........................................................................... 43

G4K Quick Configuration ................................................................. 46

G4K Unit Setup .......................................................................... 47

Voltage & Frequency Configurations ................................................ 49

Currents .................................................................................. 51

Verify Measurement Readings ........................................................... 54

Access the Measurement Summary .................................................. 55

Verify Voltage & Current Readings .................................................. 57

Verify Power Readings ................................................................. 59

Enable PQZIP Recording .................................................................. 61

Monitoring Real-Time Data ................................................................. 63

Voltage & Current Measurements ....................................................... 66

Averaging ................................................................................... 72

Power ....................................................................................... 76

Temperature ............................................................................... 80

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Phasors ..................................................................................... 82

Waveforms ................................................................................. 87

Voltage Flickering ......................................................................... 93

Pinst Waveform ............................................................................ 96

Minimum / Maximum Flickering ......................................................... 98

Voltage & Current Harmonics .......................................................... 101

P & Q Harmonics ......................................................................... 107

Spectrum .................................................................................. 113

Harmonics Table ......................................................................... 118

Voltage & Current, Min & Max Harmonics Table .................................... 121

PQ Min & Maximum Harmonics ......................................................... 124

About Power Quality Monitoring .......................................................... 127

PQ Compliance Summary ............................................................... 128

Compliance Information ................................................................ 132

Compliance Chart ........................................................................ 135

Events ...................................................................................... 138

PQZIP Recording - Principle ............................................................... 140

Default Settings .......................................................................... 142

PQZIP Recording - Configuration ....................................................... 143

Enabling / Disabling PQZIP ........................................................... 147

FIFO ..................................................................................... 149

Fixed Quality vs. Fixed Ratio ........................................................ 150

File Capacity ........................................................................... 153

FFT Mode ............................................................................... 155

Erase All PQZIP Data .................................................................. 157

About Energy ................................................................................ 159

Consumption & Demand ................................................................. 160

Detailed Information .................................................................... 162

Measurement Status ..................................................................... 164

About Instrument Settings ................................................................. 167

Device Setup .............................................................................. 168

Device - Info G4K Unit Configuration ............................................... 171

G4K Product Attributes ....................................................................................................... 173

Power Status ......................................................................................................................... 174

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PoE Output ............................................................................................................................ 175

Alarms .................................................................................................................................... 176

Voltage & Frequency .................................................................. 177

Power Configuration ............................................................................................................ 179

Potential Transformer ......................................................................................................... 181

Smooth Filtering ................................................................................................................... 182

Voltage Polarity .................................................................................................................... 183

Define Nominal Values ........................................................................................................ 184

Time Settings .......................................................................... 186

Network Time ....................................................................................................................... 188

Time Setup ............................................................................................................................ 189

Daylight Saving ..................................................................................................................... 190

Currents ................................................................................. 191

Current Transformer ............................................................................................................ 193

Nominal .................................................................................................................................. 194

Current Polarity .................................................................................................................... 195

Non-Measured Currents ....................................................................................................... 196

Communication Configuration ....................................................... 198

Security .................................................................................................................................. 199

About Network Setup ........................................................................................................... 202

LAN 1 .................................................................................................................................. 204

LAN 2 / LCD Port Setup ................................................................................................... 206

Port Setup .......................................................................................................................... 208

Outer Access ..................................................................................................................... 210

Modbus TCP ....................................................................................................................... 211

DNP3 Configuration .......................................................................................................... 212

Status Summaries ............................................................................................................. 213

Serial Ports ............................................................................................................................ 215

RS-485 / RS-422 ................................................................................................................ 217

PPP Configuration ............................................................................................................ 219

PPP Status .......................................................................................................................... 220

Modem

Configuration ...................................................................................................... 221

About Power Quality Compliance ................................................... 222

Power Quality Compliance Configuration ........................................................................ 223

User Defined Pages .............................................................................................................. 225

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User Defined Page 1 ......................................................................................................... 227

User Defined Page 2 ......................................................................................................... 232

User Defined Page 3 ......................................................................................................... 236

Advanced Settings .......................................................................... 239

System Log ................................................................................ 241

Creating Custom Events ................................................................. 244

Events List .............................................................................. 249

Create Event Conditions .............................................................. 251

Single Type Conditions ........................................................................................................ 253

Multiple Type Conditions .................................................................................................... 256

E-Mail Alerts .............................................................................. 258

Reports .................................................................................... 262

Energy Mode ............................................................................ 264

Parameter Mode ....................................................................... 265

Energy Meter .............................................................................. 266

Display Setup ............................................................................. 269

Upgrade G4K Software - Firmware Upgrade ......................................... 272

Upgrade the FW Using FTP ........................................................... 275

Local FW Upgrade ..................................................................... 277

Optional Installations & Disconnections ................................................. 279

Attach The PT100 Temperature Connection ......................................... 279

Connect Power Over Ethernet ......................................................... 280

Detach the Voltage Terminal Block Connector ...................................... 281

About Elspec's Search Utility .............................................................. 282

Obtain Elspec's Search Utility .......................................................... 283

Use the Elspec's Search Utility ......................................................... 284

G4K Unit Access .......................................................................... 287

New Device Indication ................................................................... 291

Limitations of Elspec's Search Utility.................................................. 292

G4K Specifications .......................................................................... 293

G4K Physical Specifications ............................................................. 299

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G4K Power Quality Analyzer - System Overview

The i nnovative d esign o f the G4 400 BLA CKBOX device se ries i s a t echnological

breakthrough providing the Perfect Permanen t P Q Ana lysi s solution. Its enhanced

capabilities are uniquely adaptable to address the individual needs & requirements
for a lmost a ny b usiness and/or ap plication. Empowered by t he patented P QZIP
compression technology, the G4 K can s tore up to a t housand times m ore tha n
other t ypical f ile f ormats. The P QZIP allows the G4 K t o c ontinuously r ecord &
store al l electrical waveforms for extended periods with no gaps in the data. Its
superior accuracy yields a 2 x 16 Bit to yield, far surpassing IEC61000-4-30 Class A
requirements. The G4K f eatures a thr eshold-free se tup, & is eq uipped w ith
standard industrial p rotocols f or se amless in tegration i nto a ny SCADA system. I t
provides P Q p arameters acc ording t o E N50160, IEC61000-4-30, & other na tional
standards, and the data may be analyzed over any network at any remote location.

The ad vanced PQSCADA & Investigator Enterprise Analysis software en ables the

operator to detect, view, control, analyze & isolate the m inutest PQ anomaly for
the diagnosis & effective maintenance of equipment. It simplifies troubleshooting
& ti me-synchronized data r ecorded by an y n umber o f BLACKBOX d evices, ca n b e
compared within a particular site and/or across many sites.

The embedded Website serves as the main user-interface with the unit, providing

enhanced m anagement, unit configuration & r eal-time m onitoring o f all
parameters.

The o ptional G4100 Remote Display LCD Unit (RDU) i s an in tegral p art of t he

Elspec P ower Quality D ata C enter s ystem, al lowing in ter-connectivity w ith th e
G4400 series instruments for configuring and monitoring the electrical distribution
system. The G4 100 c onnects a nd c ommunicates w ith t he G4400 BLA CKBOX
devices d irectly v ia RJ45 n etwork cab le o r t hrough I P c ommunication f rom
anywhere i n the w orld. One R DU c an be us ed to m onitor and c onfigure m any
G4400 series instruments.

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The figure below provides a graphical outline of the G4K System:

SEE ALSO

 Acronyms
 G4K Warranty
 Product Selection Guide

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Warranty

Each E lspec p roduct is under w arranty to be f ree f rom d efects in m aterial an d
workmanship under normal u se an d service. The w arranty p eriod is for o ne year
and commences on the date of shipment. Parts, product repairs, and services are
under w arranty for 9 0 da ys. This warranty ex tends o nly t o t he o riginal b uyer or
end-user c ustomer and it does not apply to fuses, di sposable batteries, or t o any
product w hich, in E lspec's opinion, h as b een m isused, al tered, n eglected,
contaminated, or damaged by accident or abnormal conditions in the operation or
handling o f the p roduct. Elspec w arrants t hat t he so ftware w ill o perate
substantially in accordance with its functional specifications for 90 days and that it
has been properly recorded on non-defective media. Elspec does not warrant that
the software will be error free and operate without interruption.

Elspec authorized re-sellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products
to e nd-user cu stomers o nly, but d o no t h ave a uthority t o e xtend a g reater o r
different w arranty o n b ehalf o f E lspec. W arranty s upport is av ailable o nly if t he
product i s purchased through a n El spec authorized s ales outlet or Buyer ha s p aid
the ap plicable in ternational price. Elspec r eserves t he r ight t o invoice the Buyer
for an y i mportation costs for t he repair/replacement of parts w hen the p roduct
purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country.

Elspec’s w arranty o bligation is l imited, at El spec's o ption, to r efund o f th e
purchase price, free of charge repair, or replacement of a defective product which
is r eturned t o E lspec w ithin t he w arranty p eriod. For w arranty s ervice, c ontact
Elspec d irectly t o o btain a r eturn-authorization. O n r eceipt of t he au thorization,
return the product to Elspec w ith a description of the problem, including prepaid
postage an d insurance ( FOB d estination). Elspec assumes n o r isk f or d amage in
transit. F ollowing w arranty r epair, the p roduct w ill b e r eturned to t he Bu yer,
transportation prepaid (FOB destination). If Elspec determines that the failure was
caused b y n eglect, misuse, co ntamination, al teration, a ccident, o r abnormal
condition o f o peration o f h andling, in cluding o vervoltage f ailures cau sed b y u se
outside t he product's s pecified r ating, o r normal w ear a nd tear o f m echanical
components, E lspec w ill p rovide an e stimate o f r epair costs an d o btain
authorization be fore commencing w ork. F ollowing r epair, t he pr oduct w ill be
returned to the Buyer, transportation prepaid, and the Buyer will be billed for the
repair and return postage transportation charges (FOB Shipping Point).

This w arranty is t he Buyer's s ole an d ex clusive remedy and is in l ieu o f al l o ther
warranties, express o r im plied, including b ut not limited to any implied w arranty
of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Elspec shall not be liable for
any special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages or losses, including loss
of data arising from any cause or theory.

Since so me co untries or st ates d o n ot allow li mitation of t he t erm o f an i mplied
warranty, o r exclusion o r l imitation o f incidental o r consequential d amages, t he
limitations an d ex clusions o f this w arranty may n ot ap ply t o ev ery b uyer. If a ny

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provision of t his W arranty is h eld i nvalid or u nenforceable b y a co urt o r o ther

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decision-maker of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity
or enforceability of any other provision.

NOTICE REGARDING PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

This publication co ntains information proprietary t o E lspec. By accepting & using
this m anual, y ou ag ree t hat the information co ntained herein will b e u sed solely
for the purpose of operating equipment developed & manufactured by Elspec.

SEE ALSO

 System Overview
 Acronyms
 Product Selection Guide

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E

Acronyms

A

D

Potential T ransformer ( transformation r atio i n b oth m agnitude a nd

The following acronyms are being used within this document:

CRONYM

PQ Power Quality

V Voltage

F Frequency

V Voltage Neutral

N

A Ampere

CT Current Transformer

PF Power Factor

PT100 Platinum Resistance Thermometers

PU Per Unit

PT

phase)

EFINITION

CT Current Transformer

THD Total Harmonic Distortion

HV High Voltage

MV Medium Voltage

LV Low Voltage

ADC Analog to Digital Converter

SSL Secure Sockets Layer

GPS Global Positioning System

UTC Coordinated Universal Time

LAN Local Area Network

CF Compact Flash

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rocess C ontrol ( set o f connectivity s tandards f or industrial

A command string should start with "AT" or "at", except for the commands

Value measured over x period that characterizes t he likelihood t hat the

ACRONYM

OLP

OPC Open Connectivity (formerly OLE for Process Control)

TCP Transport Control Protocol

FTP File Transfer Protocol

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DNP3 Distributed Network Protocol

PPP Point to Point Protocol

PAP Password Authentication Protocol

CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol

OLE for P
automation)

DEFINITION

UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter

ISP Internet Service Provider

INIT Initialization (INIT String used in Modem)

AT

"A/" and "+++". At or aT are invalid

PST

voltage fluctuations would result in perceptible light flicker

THD Total Harmonic Distortion

TDD Total Demand Distortion

Ampl Amplitude

FIFO First In First Out

FFT Fast Fourier Transform

csv Comma Separated Values

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E

ELSPEC G4400 BLACKBOX DEVICE & ACCESSORIES

ACRONYM DEFINITION

G4K G4400 BLACKBOX Series of Power Quality Analyzers

PQZIP Power Quality Data Compression & Archive File Format

PQSCADA Power Quality Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

RDU G4100 Remote Display LCD Unit

CPU G4K - Central Processing Unit Module

DSP G4K - Digital Signal Processing Module

PS G4K - Power Supply Module

FW Firmware - G4K Software

SEE ALSO

 System Overview
 G4K Warranty
 Product Selection Guide

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Product Selection Guide

Per P hase, A verage,

The p roduct s election g uide w ill as sist y ou in ch oosing t he o ptimal G 4K P ower
Quality Analyzer t hat will suit your needs & r equirements. T he B LACKBOX d evice
series i ncludes 3 p roducts, namely t he G 4410, G 4420 & G 4430. T hey a re mainly
differentiated by their measurement c apabilities, storage c apacity, PQ analysis &
communication ports.

PRODUCT SERIES

CAPABILITIES

G4410 G4420 G4430

REAL-TIME MEASUREMENTS

Voltage Sampling Rate, Maximum Samples/Cycle 256 1024 512

Voltage/Current ­Unbalanced

Power: R eal, R eactive, A pparent, P ower F actor,
Frequency

Energy: Bidirectional, Total, Import, Export, Net

Demand: Block

Voltage H armonics (Individual, Even, O dd, Total)
Up to-

Type of Analog to Digital Converter

Measurement During Overloading (From Nominal)

127TH 255 511

16/20

1

Bit

TH

16/20

Bit

1

16/20

x2 x10 x10

Bit

TH

1

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CAPABILITIES

DATA & WAVEFORMS LOGS

PRODUCT SERIES

G4410 G4420 G4430

Cycle-By-Cycle PQZIP Recording

Event Logs

Continuous Waveform Recording

Min/Max Logs For Any Parameter

TIME STAMPS, RESOLUTION (MICROSECONDS)

With Ethernet Synchronization 50 50 50

With GPS Synchronization 1 1 1

STORAGE CAPACITY

Internal Memory 128 MB 16 GB 4 GB

POWER QUALITY ANALYSIS

Transient Detection, Microseconds
(50Hz/60Hz)

Sag/Swell Monitoring

Unbalance Components: Zero, Negative,
Positive

Flicker (IEC 61000-4-15)

Fast Flickering

Compliance Testing To EN50160

EN50160 Timestamps

78.1/65.1µs

39/32.5µs

19.5/16.3µs

Configurable for IEEE519-1992, IEEE159
(SEMI)

Time Stamps Of Above

Inter-Harmonics

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___

CAPABILITIES

1

COMMUNICATION PORTS

PRODUCT SERIES

G4410 G4420 G4430

OPC

Power Over Ethernet (PoE) - In

Power Over Ethernet (PoE) - Out

___

Ethernet Ports 1 2 2

COMMUNICATION PORTS - CONTINUE

RS-485/422 Port

Voltage Ride Through on Power Loss (Up to) 10 sec. 25 sec. 25 sec.

USB Port (Power Only)

Onboard Comprehensive Web Server

___

DNP3

Modbus TCP

E-MAIL NOTIFICATIONS

SMTP Client

Effective Bits

SEE ALSO

 System Overview
 Acronyms
 G4K Warranty

Disclaimer: Outlined capabilities
subject to change without prior
notice

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Preparation - Safety Precautions

R
O

D

A

B

P
R

M

D
D

N

U
D

V

I

I

P

B

D

WARNINGS

EVIEW THE ENTIRE MANUAL BEFORE USING THE INSTR UMENT AND ITS

ACCESSORIES

BSERVE ALL WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
O NOT OPERATE THE INSTRUMENT AROUND EXPLOSIVE GAS OR VAPOR
VOID WORKING ALONE
EFORE USE, INSPECT THE INSTRUMENT, LEADS AND ACCESSORIES FOR

MECHANICAL DAMAGE, AND REPLACE WHEN DAMAGED

AY SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE INSULATION SURROUNDING THE

CONNECTORS AND PLUGS

EMOVE ALL ACCESSORIES THAT ARE NOT IN USE

AKE SURE THE INSTRUMENT IS PROPERLY GROUNDED TO A PROTECTIVE

EARTH GROUND

O NOT APPLY INPUT VOLTAGES ABOVE THE RATING OF THE INSTRUMENT

AS SHOWN ON THE NAME PLATE

O NOT INSERT METAL OBJECTS INTO CONNECTORS AND OPENINGS

EVER OPEN THE INSTRUMENT’S ENCLOSURE DURING OPERATION;

DANGEROUS VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT

SE THE INSTRUMENT ONLY AS SPECIFIED IN THIS MANUAL, OR THE

PROTECTION PROVIDED BY THE INSTRUMENT MAY BE IMPAIRED

O NOT EXPOSE THE INSTRUMENT TO EXTREME MOISTURE AND OR RAIN

TO AVOID SHOCK OR FIRE

ERIFY THAT THE UNIT IS DISCONNECTED FROM THE MAIN POWER SUPPLY

NSPECT ALL ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL CONNECTIONS VISUALLY FOR

MECHANICAL DAMAGE AND INTEGRITY OF COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES

NSPECT CURRENT TRANSFORMER WIRING FOR PROPER DIRECTION THROUGH

THE CYLINDRICAL APERTURE OF THE CURRENT SAMPLING MODULE

ULL-TEST AL L CONTROL WIRING TO ENSURE SECURE SEATING IN

TERMINALS

EFORE USE, INSPECT THE INSTRUMENT, LEADS AND ACCESSORIES FOR

MECHANICAL DAMAGE, AND REPLACE WHEN DAMAGED

O NOT OPERATE THE INSTRUMENT OR ITS ACCESSORIES IF IT BECAME WET

FOR ANY REASON

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SEE ALSO

 System Overview

 What You'll Need

 Unpacking Components & Accessories
 G4K BLACKBOX Unit
 G4K BLACKBOX Unit Mounting

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What You'll Need

Familiarize y ourself w ith t he G4K BL ACKBOX U nit, Components & Accessories. In
addition, ensure that you follow the outlined Safety Precautions. You will need the
following tools & additional items for the initial installation:

 Wire Strippers
 Phillips Screwdriver
 Flat Head Screwdriver
 G4K BLACKBOX Unit, Components & Accessories
 This User Guide

SEE ALSO

 System Overview

 Preparation – Safety Precautions

 Unpacking Components & Accessories
 G4K BLACKBOX Unit

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Unpacking Components & Accessories

Q

I

D

(For

(For

The G 4K B LACKBOX is shipped from Elspec's f actory in a s ealed case to protect it
from d amage during t ransportation. The s mall p arts a re s hipped in a s ealed b ag
with the unit.

TO UNPACK THE UNIT & ITS ACCESSORIES

Remove the unit & all of the following components from the casing:

UANTITY

LLUSTRATION

DEVICE, COMPONENTS & ACCESSORIES

1

SEE ALSO

1

ESCRIPTION & PART NUMBER

G4K BLACKBOX Device

 G4410
 G4420 BLACKBOX: SPG-4420-0000
 G4430 BLACKBOX: SPG-4430-0000

 Product Selection Guide

BLACKBOX: SPG-4410-0000

Voltage Terminal Block Connector

Sampling)

 ENT-1005-0090

1

AC/DC Terminal Block Connector

Powering the Unit)

 ENT-1003-0192

1

RS485/422 Communication Terminal B loc k

(For Communication)

 ENT-1004-0190

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QUANTITY ILLUSTRATION DESCRIPTION & PART NUMBER

(For P owering

Terminal Block Connector

1

1

1

48VDC Terminal Block Connector

the Unit)

 ENT-1002-0190

Temperature Sensor

(For PT100 Type)

 ENT-1003-0190

Clamping Yoke Holder on Rail 35mm FM 4

 MAL-2000-5002

1

Installation & D emonstration Disc

 SMX-0408-0100

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Orders for optional accessories will be delivered as well in a sealed casing. Unpack

O

ing & M onitoring the El ectrical

(For M obile T ime

(For Fa st M obile

(For M onitoring C apabilities

these parts from their sealed bags:

QUANTITY

ILLUSTRATION DESCRIPTION & PART NUMBER

PTIONAL ACCESSORIES

As Ordered

As Ordered

BLACKBOX Full User Guide
SMX-0602-0100

G4100

Remote Display LCD Unit (Provide G 4K I nter-

Connectivity f or C onfigur
Distribution System)

 SPG-4100-0090

As Ordered

As Ordered

As Ordered

GPS (Global Position System)

Synchronization)

 SOA-0232-0400

Multi-Frequency 3.5G Wireless Modem

Communication Access)

 SCM-0001-0000

G4400 Multi IO Expansion

Extension - Additional Digital & Analog IO Ports)

 G4430 + 1 Multi IO Module:
 G4430 + 2 Multi IO Modules: SPG-4432-0090
 G4420 + 1 Multi IO Module: SPG-4421-0090

SPG-4431-0090

 G4420 + 2 Multi IO Modules: SPG-4422-0090
 G4410 + 1 Multi IO Module: SPG-4411-0090

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 G4410 + 2 Multi IO Modules SPG-4412-0090
 Multi Module IO Upgrade: SOC-0400-0090

O

with wiring (H x W x

with wiring (H x W x

QUANTITY

PTIONAL ACCESSORIES

As

Ordered

As

Ordered

ILLUSTRATION DESCRIPTION & PART NUMBER

Protective Metal Cabinet (IP54)

D) - 50 x 50 x 30cm (19.7 x 19.7 x 11.8") :

 SOA-0002-0000

Polycarbonate Enclosure (IP54)

D) - 50 x 50 x 30cm (19.7 x 19.7 x 11.8") :

 SOA-0003-0000

As

Ordered

As

Ordered

SEE ALSO

 System Overview

 Preparation – Safety Precautions
 What You'll Need

200W Heater with Thermostat:

 SOA-0101-0000

RJ45/Fiber Optic Converter:

 SOC-0401-0000

 G4K BLACKBOX Unit

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The G4K BLACKBOX Unit

The innovative design of the G4K BLACKBOX has been uniquely adapted to address
the individual n eeds & r equirements f or a lmost a ny business and/or application.
The m odular & expandable design p rovides m aximum f lexibility f or cu stomized
requirements.

The m ain base ( front end) of t he u nit is comprised o f three modules na mely th e

Central Proces sing Unit (CPU), t he Digital Signal Processing (DSP), & t he Power
Supply (PS).

The functions for the CPU are mainly data compression, file handling & facilitation

of co mmunication i nterfaces. T he C PU f eatures an A C/DC p ower s upply, D C/DC
converter, an automatic s election o f h ighest v oltage & an u ltra cap acitors' ride­through for up to 25 seconds.

The DSP is responsible for capturing the electric signal & converting the waveforms

to digital data. The DSP's capabilities include simultaneous 12 channel sampling at
250 kHz (4 µsec), full scale measurements 10 x from nominal voltages & currents at
an extremely high accuracy. The CT's dual range with auto selection ranges from 0

- 5A, 0 - 50A RMS & has a r eading accuracy o f 0 .1%. There are a t otal of six ( 6)
apertures. Typically only the first four (4) are used as current inputs for I1, I2, I3,
and IN (Neutral current optional as the fourth input).

The PS facilitates a wide r ange of in puts t hat comply with t he highest standards

set by the industry. The power supply module contains internal backup circuitry to
hold in ternal v oltage during m omentary t ransients an d d isturbances. T hus, w hen
powering off the unit, it continues operating for up to 1 minute. The power supply
supports the following power sources:

 DC 100-300V
 AC 100-260V, 60/50 Hz (recommended)
 PoE 48V

The top of this f ront end b ase f acilitates t he connection for t he PT100
thermostat & th e D C Converter i nput. In a ddition to th e P T100 c onnection, the
G4K is equipped w ith 2 a dditional internal t emperature s ensors ( PS a nd D SP
modules). T he o perating t emperature r anges fr om -20 to + 70°C & the s torage
temperature ranges from -30 to +80°C. The DC Converter ranges from an input DC
of 48 VDC & a minimum voltage for PoE of 48 VDC.

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Physical layout of the 3 modules including the location of the system

connectors for bo th the Front & Top View:

SEE ALSO

 System Overview

 Preparation – Safety Precautions
 What You'll Need

 Unpacking Components & Accessories

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G4K Quick & Simple Installation

This section contains the installation & setup procedure for the G4K BLACKBOX
that is quick & simple to follow. After you have installed your G4K device, you can:

 Monitor the Quality of your Electrical Power,
 Monitor PQ Parameters according to EN50160, IEC61000-4-30 & Customized

Standards

 Store a thousand times more than other typical file formats with PQZIP

G4K - QUICK & SIMPLE INSTALLATION

The procedure includes:

 Mounting the G4K BLACKBOX
 Wiring the G4K BLACKBOX
 Connecting the G4K BLACKBOX
 Confirming the G4K's Operation
 G4K Unit Access via Elspec's Web Interface
 Configuring the G4K Device
 Verifying Measurement Readings
 Enabling PQZIP Recording

WARNING

Before you start, ensure that the panel is de-energized & that you take
the necessary Safety Precautio ns!

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G4K BLACKBOX Unit Mounting

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The G4 K B LACKBOX i s i ntended to b e mounted within an enclosure, or can be

fastened either to a DIN Rail or to a F lat Surface. The p hysical dimensions of the
G4K are: 17.5 x 23.2 x 13.8cm (6.9 x 9.1 x 5.4”) & it weighs 1.7Kg (3.7lbs).

FASTENING THE G 4K BL ACKBOX TO A D IN RAIL

This i s the m ost c ommon m ounting m ethod & y ou w ill ne ed t he Clamping Yoke
Holders provided with G4K & the unit itself - see Components & Accessories.

 Connect the Clamping Yoke Holders to the sides of the back plate of the

G4K using the 2 screws provided,

 Attach the entire unit with the holders to the DIN Rail:

FASTENING THE G 4K BL ACKBOX TO A PLATE

The G4 K BLACKBOX can b e d irectly m ounted t o a plate us ing 4 x s tandard 7 mm
(0.27”) screws.

 The distance of the screws on the G4K plate is (H x W) 10 x 12cm (3.9 x

4.7”). Ensure the plate has corresponding holes,

 Simply screw the G4K unit onto the plate at the corresponding holes:

Successfully Mounted G4K Unit

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SEE ALSO

 Installation
 G4K Wiring BLACKBOX
 Establish 1
 Confirm Operation
 G4K Unit Access
 G4K Configuration
 Verifying Measurement Readings
 Enable PQZIP Recording

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G4K Wiring

The DSP M odule o f the G4 K receives a nalog s ignals an d co nverts t hem to digital
signals t o b e m easured a nd st ored f or f urther p rocess a nd an alysis. A n e ssential
part o f the G4K Wiring Procedure is t he Power Configuration, wh ich is co nfigured
in the Web Interface. Included in this section are the types of Power Topology the
G4K supports that will be important to understand prior to proceeding with:

 Connecting the Voltage Connections
 Connecting the Current Connections
 Connecting the AC/DC Supply Terminal
 Connecting the 48 VDC Input

G4K BLACKBOX POWER TOPOLOGY SUPPORTS

The G4 K BLA CKBOX i s d esigned to s erve i n v irtually a ny p ower to pology
configuration. T he d iagrams b elow o utline t he t ypes o f t opologies w ith t heir
applicable Configuration in Elspec's Web Interface:

 Single LN Configuration:

 Single LL Configuration:

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 2Phase TR:

 Delta 3 Wires:

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 WYE 4 Wires:

 WYE 4 Wires:

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 Delta 3 Wires:

 Delta 3 Wires:

SEE ALSO

 Installation
 G4K Unit Mounting BLACKBOX
 Establish 1
 Confirm Operation
 G4K Unit Access
 G4K Configuration
 Verifying Measurement Readings
 Enable PQZIP Recording

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Voltage Connections

Five terminals are available for the voltage sampling inputs on the DSP Module of

the G4K. They are marked as L1, L2, L3, N, & . Each of the 4 inputs (V1, V2,
V3, N) are capable of receiving electrical signals of up to 1KV continuous RMS (up
to 8KV transient). In order to wire voltage connections, follow the following
procedure:

 Install an over current device on the AC phase lines:

 Remove the Voltage Terminal Block Connector provided with the G4K Unit:

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 Insert the terminal block into the Voltage Sampling inputs:

 Attach lugged ends of wires to the terminal block securing it with an

applicable sized screw driver,

 Verify the correct voltage polarity of the terminal.

WARNING

 You need to install a 2A Fuse and/or Circuit Breaker in series to the

instrument’s Voltage Sampling Input Terminals according to local wiring
codes.

 Powering down the instrument does not remove voltage from the

voltage sampling terminals.

NOTE NOTE NOTE ...

 The Ground input is the reference for all channels therefore it is

essential to connect it properly.

SEE ALSO

 G4K Wiring
 Wiring the Current Connections
 Connect the AC/DC Supply Terminal
 Connect the 48VDC Input
 Establish 1st Time Connection

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Wiring the Current Connections

Electric current is sampled as it flows through cylindrical apertures in the circular
section of the centrally mounted Digital Signal Processing (DSP) Module. There are
a t otal of si x (6) a pertures. T ypically o nly t he f irst f our ( 4) a re u sed as cu rrent
inputs f or I 1, I 2, I 3, a nd I N ( Neutral c urrent optional a s th e f ourth input).
Optionally, a f ifth ap erture m ay b e o rdered f or a n ad ditional c urrent input, an d
the sixth aperture is disabled at this stage. To wire current connections:

 Install Current Transformers in series ahead of the unit
 Feed t he cu rrent l ines t hrough the cylindrical ap ertures i n t he ci rcular

section of the G4K's DSP Module:

 Verify the polarity of current conductors with the arrows on the circular

section of the DSP

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G4K Successful Current Wiring

Current Transformer outputs must be short circuited to prevent them
from getting damaged. Dangerous voltages exist between the two output
leads.

SEE ALSO

 G4K Wiring
 Voltage Connections
 Connect the AC/DC Supply Terminal
 Connect the 48VDC Input
 Establish 1st Time Connection

WARNING

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Connect the AC/DC Supply Terminal

The AC terminal may be fed with either AC or DC voltage. The procedure to wire
both is the same and has the following limits:

 AC: 80 to 260V @ 50/60Hz
 DC: 110 to 300V / 35Watt

CONNECTING TH E AC/DC SUPPLY TERMINAL:

 Install an Over-current Protection device on the AC phase line side before

the unit:

 Remove the AC/DC Terminal Block Connector provided with the G4K

BLACKBOX unit:

 Insert the terminal block into the Power Supply Terminal:

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 Attach the bared ends of wires to the AC/DC terminal block connector using

the correct sized flat-head screwdriver

 Verify the correct polarity of the terminal

WARNINGS

 It is recommended to install a 2A fuse & or circuit breaker in series to

the instrument terminals according to local wiring codes.

 When powering down the instrument by closing the circuit breaker,

internal low voltage remains on the instrument terminals, and
consequently on the downstream side of the circuit breaker for 25
seconds, due to the ride through back up feature.

SEE ALSO

 G4K Wiring
 Voltage Connections
 Wiring the Current Connections
 Connect the 48VDC Input
 Establish 1st Time Connection

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Connect the 48VDC Input

The two wire 48V DC voltage input is positioned on the upper side of power supply
module. I n order t o energize t he 4 8VDC t erminal f ollow t he p rocedure o utlined
below:

 Remove the 48VDC Terminal Block Connector provided with the G4K

BLACKBOX unit:

 Insert the 48V DC Terminal Block Connector into the Power Supply Module:

 Attach the lugged ends of wires to the Terminal Block using an applicable

flat head screw driver

 Verify as to what the correct polarity is of the terminal

WARNING

When powering down the instrument by closing the circuit breaker,
internal voltage remains on the downstream side of the circuit breaker
for 25 seconds, due to the ride through back up feature.

SEE ALSO

 G4K Wiring
 Voltage Connections
 Wiring the Current Connections
 Connect the AC/DC Supply Terminal
 Establish 1st Time Connection

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Establish 1st Time Connection

In order to establish communication between your G4K & the Network Server, the
device m ay be connected using the LAN1 Port directly to an existing local LAN (if
one e xists). Alternatively, y ou m ay co nnect t he d evice directly t o t he P C t o
establish initial communication.

CONNECT TH E DEVICE TO THE LOCAL NETWORK

 Simply connect a RJ145 LAN Network Cable to the LAN1 Port on the G4K's

CPU Module to your LAN Local Network Outlet:

CONNECT TH E G4K DIRECTLY TO T HE PC

 Disconnect the network cable linking your PC/Laptop to the server network
 Using the same cable (RJ45 LAN Network Cable), connect to the port

marked LAN1 G4K's CPU Module:

 The green link-LED of the LAN1 connector begins to flash as Windows begins

communicating with the unit

 Wait for about 2 minutes as the Windows operating system reverts to the

default "No Server" IP configuration

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 When this is completed, the "Local Area Connection Status" icon in the

"Quick Start" tray will change to "Limited or no connectivity":

SEE ALSO

 Installation
 G4K Unit Mounting BLACKBOX
 G4K Wiring BLACKBOX
 Confirm Operation
 G4K Unit Access
 G4K Configuration
 Verifying Measurement Readings
 Enable PQZIP Recording

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Confirm Operation

Green si gnals t hat external p ower exists. R ed si gnals

) m ay

Confirm that your G4K Device is operating & th at all the connections a re working
with the following indicators:

 Turn on the power supplying the unit
 The LEDs on the power supply light up:

 Verify the unit is operating correctly with reference to the following table:

LED DESCRIPTION

G4K PS Module:

external power is out; unit will soon cease to function (25 seconds max.)

G4K DSP Module: Blinking green signals normal operation and system boot

G4K Main CPU Module: Green signals normal operation

Blinking Red: During Shutdown process

Constant Red: While Alarm i s ac tive (based o n Alarm Configuration

signal malfunction.

NOTE NOTE NOTE ...

 After powering up, wait at least one minute until the startup process is

complete

 The red indicator light will remain on until the PQZIP is enabled by the user.

See Also: Enable PQZIP Recording

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SEE ALSO

 Installation
 G4K Unit Mounting BLACKBOX
 G4K Wiring BLACKBOX
 Establish 1
 G4K Unit Access
 G4K Configuration
 Verifying Measurement Readings
 Enable PQZIP Recording

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G4K Unit Access

Once y ou have Connected t he D evice for the 1 st T ime, you may ac cess your G4K
Unit b y s imply c licking the W EB H yperlink b utton in y our Elspec's S earch U tility.
Alternatively y ou can s imply ac cess the d evice d irectly v ia I nternet E xplorer by
inserting t he D evice's I P ad dress d irectly ( address is al so in dicated in Elspec's

Search U tility). The D efault I P A ddress f or a ne wly supplied G4 K uni t i s:

169.254.249.247.

ACCESS ELS PE C'S S EA RCH UTI LITY:

 After you have Copied the Utility on your Desktop, access it by clicking on the

Elspec's Search Icon:

 Initially, t he program m ay t rigger a v erification w arning s imilar t o t he one

below. You may proceed by clicking Run

 A s can p rocedure is in itiated; the E lspec S earch u tility a ppears as a g rid

displaying all BLACKBOX devices found on the intranet network:

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ACCESS INSTRUMENT VIA THE WEB HYPERLINK (RECOMMENDED):

 Select the Web link for your device, Elspec's Web Interface will now open:

 In order to view the different languages in the Web Interface, you will need to

upload the l anguage feature f rom Elspec's W ebsite when i nstalling y our ne w
Firmware. Once uploaded, s imply s elect t he a pplicable interface l anguage
from the drop-down list:

 The supported languages are:

 English (Default)
 Russian
 German
 Spanish
 French
 Chinese

(For other languages – please contact your local Elspec distributor)

 The Password field defines user level/privileges. The user levels are Viewer

/ Administrator (See Security S ettings). The d efault p assword in cluding

privileges for each level are:

 Viewer is 123 (Read only, can choose in terface l anguage on ly, n o

operations related changes are allowed)

 Administrator is 12345 (Administration, setup & full control)

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NOTE NOTE NOTE

 The W ebsite is o ptimized t o w ork w ith I nternet E xplorer 7 , 8 or 9 in

“Compatibility Vi ew”. Ensure th at t he I nternet Ex plorer is r unning in

Compatibility View:

Other w eb b rowser a pplications c an l imit some f unctionality and/or s how a n
incorrect layout.

 For local networking the browser should be configured as working without a

proxy server. Refer to Disable Proxy Server in Internet Explorer.

 Should you be running Skype simultaneously with Elspec’s Search, you will not

be able to access the device via the Web Link. Close Skype & access Elspec’s
Search again to follow the Web Link.

 The passwords above are factory default values. You are advised to modify

Admin password if extended security measures are required (See Security

Settings).

DIRECT INSTR UM EN T ACC ESS V IA INT ER NE T EX PLORER

Access t he d evice b y typing t he G 4K's I P address in t he address f ield i n I nternet
Explorer:

 Choose the language & enter the password as outlined above

SEE ALSO

 Installation
 G4K Unit Mounting BLACKBOX
 G4K Wiring BLACKBOX
 Establish 1
 Confirm Operation
 G4K Configuration
 Verifying Measurement Readings

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 Enable PQZIP Recording

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G4K Quick Configuration

This section focuses only on the major configurations needed for initial installation
of y our G4K d evice. Fo r a m ore detailed & co mprehensive p rocedure see

Instrument S ettings. T his procedure includes a q uick & s imple co nfiguration

procedure for your:

 G4K Unit
 Voltage & Frequency
 Currents

SEE ALSO

 Installation
 G4K BLACKBOX Unit Mounting
 G4K Wiring BLACKBOX
 Establish 1

st

Time Connection

 Confirm Operation
 G4K Unit Access
 Verifying Measurement Readings
 Enable PQZIP Recording

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G4K Unit Setup

Access your G4K Device via Elspec' s Web Int erface log on as the Administrator

(Manufacturer’s Default Passwords are: 12345 (Admin), & 123 (Viewer)) under
Configuration Device Setup select the Device Info Tab:

 In the G4 Unit Config uration Section complete:

 Site Name: Enables the us er to include a de scription o f the s ite

where the device is installed. This site description also appears in the
Elspec's S earch utility u nder U nit D escription w hen s earching f or
devices

 Description: An additional text field for you to use optionally as you

see fit

 Operator: A text field for inputting an operator/technician’s name
 Company: A text field for inputting company’s name

 To apply your changes select

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NOTE NOTE NOTE

 If y ou a re no t logged on as the Administrator, y ou w ill not b e a ble to c hange

any o f t hese s ettings & y ou w ill r eceive t he f ollowing er ror m essage in y our
attempt to do so:

 Once y ou h ave s igned o n at t he Administrator ensure t hat y ou se lect

to affect your changes.

 Go to the next step Configuring Voltage & Frequency

SEE ALSO

 Instrument Settings
 G4K Unit Setup
 Voltage & Frequency Configurations
 Currents

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Voltage & Frequency Configurations

The V oltage & F requency W indow d efines all t he m ajor c onfigurations r egarding
the Voltage & Frequency values, for a more comprehensive procedure see Voltage

& Frequency.

 Access your G 4K D evice v ia Elspec's Web Interface log o n a s t he

Administrator under Configuration Device Setu p select the Voltage
& Frequency Tab:

 In the Voltage & Frequency Window:

 Select the applicable Network Type Settings according to your

network type from the drop-down selection:

 For M V/HV N etworks ( Voltage M easurements b y P T's) se t the correct

Primary & Secondary Ratio (with / ) – according t o the PT
Manufacturer's Specifications & not just the Ratio:

If the PT Ratio is inapplicable, then set your values to read:

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Primary = Secondary = Nominal

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 Define the Nominal Values for Frequency (F) and Voltages (V) (with / ):

 The ratio for LV Networks is based on the same concept & specifications -

Set the Primary & Secondary Ratio
(with / ) (according to the PT
Manufacturer's Specifications & not
just the Ratio):

Define the Nominal Values for

Frequency (F) and Voltages (V) (with

/ ):

 To apply your changes select

NOTE NOTE NOTE

 If y ou a re no t logged on as the Administrator, y ou w ill not b e a ble to c hange

any o f th ese s ettings & y ou w ill r eceive t he f ollowing er ror m essage in y our
attempt to do so:

 Once y ou h ave s igned o n at t he Administrator ensure t hat y ou se lect

to actually affect your changes.

 Go to the next step Current Configuration

SEE ALSO

 Instrument Settings
 G4K Unit Setup
 Voltage & Frequency Configurations

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Currents

In the Current Window you will be able to define all the major configurations for
the Current Values, for a more comprehensive procedure see Currents.

 Access your G 4K D evice v ia Elspec's Web Interface log o n a s t he

Administrator (Manufacturer’s D efault P assword is : 12345) under
Configuration Device Setup select the Currents Tab:

 In the Currents Window:

 Set t he co rrect Primary & Secondary Transformation Ratios for al l

the C urrent c hannels from I1 to I

(with / ) - according t o t he CT

N

Manufacturer's Specifications & not just the Ratio:

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 Define the Nominal Values for all the Current Channels from I

(with / ):

If the CT Ratio is inapplicable, then set your values to read:

Primary = Secondary = Nominal

 To apply your changes select

to I

1

N

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NOTE NOTE NOTE

 The Nominal Values define both the Event L evel as w ell a s t he measurement

range. The maximum measured value is 16 times the nominal.

 If y ou a re no t logged on as the Administrator, y ou w ill not b e ab le to ch ange

any o f t hese s ettings & y ou w ill r eceive t he f ollowing er ror m essage in y our
attempt to do so:

 Once y ou h ave s igned o n at t he Administrator ensure t hat y ou se lect

to actually affect your changes.

SEE ALSO

 Instrument Settings
 G4K Unit Setup



Voltage & Frequency Configurations

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Verify Measurement Readings

The f inal s tep after you h ave Configured y our D evice, is t o v erify t he v oltage &
current measurements of your G4K Unit. This verification step covers only a partial
section of the G4K's Full PQ Monitoring Capabilities. It includes:

 Accessing & Reviewing the Measurement Summary
 Monitoring Voltage & Current Measurements
 Monitoring the Power

SEE ALSO

 Installation
 G4K Unit Mounting BLACKBOX
 G4K Wiring BLACKBOX
 Establish 1
 Confirm Operation

st

Time Connection

 G4K Unit Access
 G4K Configuration
 Enable PQZIP Recording

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Access the Measurement Summary

The Measurement Summary summarizes all your measurement readings. The most
important parameters y ou will need t o f ocus on in t his w indow are Phase Order
(for 3 phase systems) & DSP Synchronization:

 Phase Order: Confirms the order of the voltage phases starts from V

moving in a cl ockwise d irection. I f t he P hase Order is incorrect ( not 1 23)
recheck your Voltage Connections & that they are connected in the correct
order.

 DSP Synchronization: Confirms t hat th e uni t is s ynchronized w ith th e

signals of the device. If this is ON it means that the device is reading all the
signals in a synchronized manner, & if it is OFF it means that the device is

not reading the signals. In this instance recheck all your Connections.

 See PQ M onitoring for all t he d efinitions & s ubsequent p arameter

calculations that appear on this window.

ACCESS THE SUMMARY WINDOW

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface Open Monitoring

Summary:

& are

1

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 The Summary Window will now open:

nation on

See expla
Phase Order above.

See explanation on
DSP Synchronizatio n
above.

SEE ALSO

 Verify Measurement Readings
 Verify Voltage & Current Readings
 Verify Power Readings
 About PQ Monitoring

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Verify Voltage & Current Readings

This page displays specific values for voltage and current as per the parameters set
when you Configured your G4K Unit. For a full description on all the definitions &
subsequent parameter calculations see Voltage & Current.

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface Open Monitoring Voltage

& Current:

 Verify that the RMS values for both Voltage & Current are as per your

Configurations:

 Go to the next step - Verifying your Power as per your Configurations

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SEE ALSO

 Verify Measurement Readings
 Access the Measurement Summary
 Verify Power Readings

 About PQ Monitoring

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Verify Power Readings

This p age d isplays s pecific v alues f or t he different Electrical P ower P arameters
relevant t o t he Specific P ower C onfiguration. Fo r a f ull d escription o n a ll t he
definitions & subsequent parameter calculations see Power.

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface Open Monitoring Power:

 Verify your Configurations in this window that displays:



Active Power



Reactive Power

 Apparent Power
 True & Displacement Power Factor

In m ost network c onfigurations th e Active Power will reflect a Positive
Value. S hould i t h ave a Negative Value, recheck your Voltage & Current

Polarity Configuration. I n the presence o f a g enerator, t he Active Power

will reflect a Negative Value.

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SEE ALSO

 Verify Measurement Readings
 Access the Measurement Summary



Verify Voltage & Current Readings

About PQ Monitoring



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Enable PQZIP Recordi ng

In order to record actual data for further analysis by PQSCADA & Investigator, you
must first enable the PQZIP Recording.

HOW TO ENABLE PQZI P RECORDING

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface Open Configuration PQZIP

Recording

 In the State drop-down selection select Enable:

 To apply your changes select
 The f ollowing w arning m ay ap pear if some p arameter r eadings a re

inconsistent w ith t he configuration. I n t his case m ake s ure a ll p arameters
are correct before enabling the PQZIP:

 Confirm by selecting & the following success message will appear:

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NOTE NOTE NOTE

 If yo u a re not l ogged on as the Administrator, y ou w ill not b e able to c hange

any o f t hese s ettings & y ou w ill r eceive t he f ollowing er ror m essage in y our
attempt to do so:

 Once y ou h ave s igned o n at t he Administrator ensure t hat y ou se lect

to actually affect your changes.

SEE ALSO

 Installation
 G4K Unit Mounting BLACKBOX
 G4K Wiring BLACKBOX
 Establish 1
 Confirm Operation
 G4K Unit Access
 G4K Configuration
 Verifying Measurement Readings
 About PQ Monitoring

st

Time Connection

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Monitoring Real-Time Data

The M onitoring se ction d isplays r eal t ime r eadings a nd g raphs o f t he g rid’s
parameters. T he g raph d isplay r equires a n A ctiveX plug-in f rom Gi gasoft th at is
downloadable e ither f rom Elspec's W ebsite's S upport S ection or alt ernatively c an
be installed directly from your BLACKBOX CD. The ActiveX plug-in allows different
view options needed for your PQ Monitoring. In the PQ Monitoring Section you will
be able to monitor the following PQ measurements of your G4K Unit:

 Total measurements in the Summary Window
 Voltage & Current Measurements
 Average Measurements
 Power Measurements
 Internal & External Temperature Readings
 Voltage & Current Phase Diagrams
 Voltage & Current Waveforms
 Short & Long Term Voltage Flickering
 Flickering Waveforms
 Minimum & Maximum Flickering Values
 Voltage & Current Harmonics Spectrum
 Active & Reactive Harmonic Powers
 Voltage & Current Sub & Inter-Harmonics
 Voltage & Current Harmonics in Values & Angles
 Minimum, Maximum Values & Angles of Voltage & Current Harmonics
 Minimum & Maximum Values of Active & Reactive Power Harmonics

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ACCESS THE PQ MONITORING SUMMARY

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface Open Monitoring

Summary:

 The Summary & Synchronization Status Window will now open:

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The table outlines the sections' Parameters including Definition:

S

S

PARAMETER DEFINITION

UMMARY WINDOW

Frequency The number of cycles per second

I

AVG

The cu rrent in a s ingle p hase s ystem o r t he cu rrent
averaged over all t hree p hases i n a t hree p hase
system

V(LL)

AVG

Line to line voltage averaged over all three phases in
a three phase system

V(LN)

AVG

Line t o neutral v oltage av eraged o ver t he t hree
phases

Power
Factor

TOTAL

Phase Order

Total
by default over 1 minute

Confirms the order of the voltage phases starts from
V1 & are m oving i n a cl ockwise d irection. I f the
Phase O rder is i ncorrect ( not 123) r echeck y our

Voltage C onnections & tha t th ey a re connected i n

the correct order

YNCHRONIZATION STATUS

Time
Synchronization

Indicates the connection q uality to the t ime source.
This co nnection s upplies the i nstrument w ith w orld
time ( UTC) f rom a time so urce. T he T ime S ync
quality is essential to PQZIP coherent file generation

True Power Factor over three phases, averaged

DSP
Synchronization

Confirms tha t th e u nit is s ynchronized with th e

signals of the device. If this is ON it means that the

device is r eading al l t he s ignals in a s ynchronized

manner, & if it is OFF it means that the device is not

reading the signals. I n this instance recheck all your

Connections, Network Communication, & Device
Configurations.

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Voltage & Current Measurements

This p age displays s pecific values for Voltage & Current Measurements at a 10/12
cycle r esolution. T he viewed parameters depend o n h ow your G4K U nit h as been

Configured.

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface select Monitoring Voltage

& Current:

 The Voltage & Current PQ Monitoring Window will now open

VOLTAGE & CURRENT SECTION (RMS, MIN/MAX VALUE, THD, CREST
FACTOR, K FACTOR)

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The table outlines the sections' Parameters including Definition:

present the v alues as p art o f

Minimum R MS v alue s ince t he initial p ower u p or t he m ost

Maximum R MS v alue since t he i nitial p ower u p o r the m ost

PARAMETER

PU

VRMS

ARMS

DEFINITION

By s electing P U ( Per Unit) w ill

nominal (for example: 230V 100.0%)

= Number of Samples

= Specific Channel

10/12 Continuous Non-Overlapping Cycles
In Accordance with IEC61000-4-30

Min Value

Max
Value

THD

= Number of Samples

= Specific Channel

10/12 Continuous Non-Overlapping Cycles
In Accordance with IEC61000-4-30

recent selection of:

recent selection of:

C = Harmonic RMS Value

n = Harmonic Order

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PARAMETER DEFINITION

is the RMS value of the

V Crest
Factor

Measures Ratio Between the VPEAK and VRMS

A Crest
Factor

Measures ratio between the IPEAK & ARMS

K-Factor

Where is the Harmonic #, and

TH

Harmonic

VOLTAGE & CURRENT SECTION (TDD, THD EVEN, THD ODD, OVER­DEVIATION, UNDER DEVIATION)

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The table outlines the sections' Parameters including Calculation:

is t he c urrent distortion

(harmonics above the 1st) as a percent of maximum demand load.

Deviation indicates h ow much higher the RMS Voltage is

Deviation indicates how much lower the RMS Voltage is

PARAMETER DEFINITION

TDD

THD Even

THD Odd

Total D emand D istortion – TDD –

TDD is defined using the following relationship:

C = Harmonic RMS Value
n = Harmonic Order

C = Harmonic RMS Value
n = Harmonic Order

Over­Deviation

Under­Deviation

The O ver­than the Reference Voltage

The Under­than the Reference Voltage

UNBALANCE SECTION (AVG, MIN, MAX)

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The table outlines the sections' Parameters including Calculation:

The Minimum Supply Voltage Unbalance is Evaluated Using the Method

The Maximum Supply Voltage Unbalance is Evaluated Using the Method

Fortescue’s tr ansformation m atrix, a nd t hat r otates i n the

phase s ymmetrical v ector s ystem d erived b y

PARAMETER DEFINITION

Unbalance

The Supply Voltage Unbalance is Evaluated Using the Method of
Symmetrical Components in Accordance with IEC61000-4-30

Unbalance Avg. The Average Supply Voltage Unbalance is Evaluated Using the Method

of Symmetrical Components in Accordance with IEC61000-4-30

Unbalance Min.

of Symmetrical Components in Accordance with IEC61000-4-30

Unbalance
Max.

Zero Sequence
Unbalance

Negative
Sequence
Unbalance

of Symmetrical Components in Accordance with IEC61000-4-30

Positive
Sequence

Negative
Sequence

Zero
Sequence

Defined as the symmetrical vector system derived b y application of
the Fortescue’s transformation matrix, and that rotates in the same
direction as the power frequency voltage (or current):

U1 = (U

and are line to neutral voltages (fundamental component)

+

U

a

+ U

b

) where and U

c

, U

a

b, Uc

In Accordance With IEC61000-3-13, ed. 1.0 (2008-02) Ref: 3.26.3

Defined as the symmetrical vector system derived b y application of
the
opposite direction to the power frequency voltage (or current):

U1 = (U

and are line to neutral voltages (fundamental component)

+ Ub + U

a

) where and U

c

, U

a

b, Uc

In Accordance With IEC61000-3-13, ed. 1.0 (2008-02) Ref: 3.26.4

Defined as t he i n­application of the Fortescue’s transformation matrix:

U0 = (U

voltages (fundamental component)

+ Ub + U

a

) where U

c

a

, U

b, Uc

and a re l ine t o neutral

In Accordance With IEC61000-3-13, ed. 1.0 (2008-02) Ref: 3.26.5

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SEE ALSO

 Monitoring Real-Time Data
 Average
 Power
 Temperature
 Phasors
 Waveforms
 Voltage Flickering
 Pinst Waveform
 Minimum / Maximum Flickering
 Voltage & Current Harmonics
 P & Q Harmonics
 Spectrum
 Harmonics Table
 Voltage & Current, Min & Max Harmonics Table
 PQ Min & Maximum Harmonics

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Averaging

In accordance to the I EC-61000-4-30 m easurement s tandards, th e G4 K B LACKBOX
displays t he f ollowing A verage M easurements: A ggregation o f 1 50/180 cy cles
(3seconds); 1 0 m inutes & 2 h ours b ased at a F requency o f 1 0 m inutes. This

window also displays the Flagging based on PQ configurations.

OPEN THE AV ERAGE WINDOW

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface select Monitoring

Average:

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 The Average Window will now open:

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The table outlines the sections' Parameters including Definition:

Average M easurements at an aggregation of 1 50/180 cy cles

Under D eviation

Displays how much lower the Average RMS Voltage is than the
Reference V oltage at an aggregation o f 1 50/180 cy cles

nder D eviation

Displays how much lower the Average RMS Voltage is than the

Under D eviation

Displays how much lower the Average RMS Voltage is than the

Over D eviation

Displays how much higher the Average RMS Voltage is than the
Reference V oltage at an aggregation o f 1 50/180 cy cles

Over D eviation

Displays how much higher the Average RMS Voltage is than the

Over D eviation

Displays how much higher the Average RMS Voltage is than the

e M ethod

m/Minimum

Unbalanced V alues at a n ag gregation o f 1 50/180 cy cles

Unbalance 1 0

This en try d isplays t he A verage Maximum/Minimum

Unbalance 2

mum

PARAMETER DEFINITION

Frequency Frequency – 10 seconds averaging

Average
150/180 Cycles

Average 10 Min. Average Measurements at an aggregation of 10 minutes

Average 2 Hours Average Measurements at an aggregation of 2 hours

150/180 Cycles

U
10 Min.

(~3seconds)

(~3seconds)

Reference Voltage at an aggregation of 10 minutes

2 Hours

150/180 Cycles

10 Min.

2 Hours

Unbalance
150/180 Cycles

Reference Voltage at an aggregation of 2 hours

(~3seconds)

Reference Voltage at an aggregation of 10 minutes

Reference Voltage at an aggregation of 2 hours

The S upply V oltage Unbalance is E valuated U sing t h
of Symmetrical Components in Accordance with IEC61000-4-30

This en try d isplays t he A verage Maximu

(~3seconds)

Min.

Hours

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Unbalanced Values at an aggregation of 10 minutes

This en try d isplays t he A verage Maximum/Mini
Unbalanced Values at an aggregation of 2 hours

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SEE ALSO

 Monitoring Real-Time Data
 Voltage & Current Measurements
 Power
 Temperature
 Phasors
 Waveforms
 Voltage Flickering
 Pinst Waveform
 Minimum / Maximum Flickering
 Voltage & Current Harmonics
 P & Q Harmonics
 Spectrum
 Harmonics Table
 Voltage & Current, Min & Max Harmonics Table

 PQ Min & Maximum Harmonics

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Power

This page displays different electrical power parameters relevant to the Specific

G4K Unit Configuration.

OPEN THE POWER SUM MA RY WINDOW

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface select Monitoring Power:

 The Power Summary Window will now open:

Verify your Configurations in this window that displays:



Active Power



Reactive Power

 Apparent Power
 True & Displacement Power Factor

In m ost network c onfigurations th e Active Power will reflect a Positive
Value. S hould i t h ave a Negative Value, recheck your Voltage & Current

Polarity Configuration. I n the presence o f a g enerator, t he Active Power

will reflect a Negative Value.

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The table outlines the sections' Parameters including Definition:

The am ount o f A ctive P ower co nsumed a s u sable en ergy.

imes r eferred to as Real Power. The p ortion of p ower
flow t hat, averaged o ver a co mplete cycle o f t he A C
waveform, r esults i n the ne t tr ansfer o f e nergy i n o ne

will reflect

, recheck

. In the

will reflect a

Elspec calculates t he A ctive P ower a ccurately b y t aking al l
Harmonics up to t he 40th i nto a ccount using the f ollowing

The amount of Reactive Power consumed as unusable energy.
Energy that f lows back and forth with no actual power flow.
Reactive Power flow transfers no net energy to the load and

to as Wattless power. Elspec calculates

tion of t he

Active an d R eactive Power. T he combination o f a ctive a nd

PARAMETER

Active
Power

DEFINITION

Somet

direction expressed as kWh.

In most network configurations the Active P ower
a Positive Value. Should it have a Negativ e Value
your Voltage & Current Polarity Configuration
presence o f a generator, t he Active Power
Negative Value.

formula:

i = Harmonic
j = Phase

Reactive
Power

is sometimes referred
reactive power using the following formula:

Apparent
Power

Elspec calculates the sign of Q using the following formula:

Sign of Q = sign of:

The a mount o f A pparent P ower; a v ector a ddi

reactive energy (kVAh)

Elspec uses formula:

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The r atio b etween R eal P ower & A pparent P ower ( a v alue
between 0 and 1). The most accurate measure of efficiency is
the T rue P ower F actor. I t is d efined as t he s um o f t he P /S

PARAMETER DEFINITION

True Power

Factor (PF)

ratio over all the Harmonics:

QUADRAT

Displacement
Power Factor
(PF)

SEE ALSO

 Monitoring Real-Time Data

PF UNIT

I

II

III

IV

+ + +

- + -

- - +

+ - -

IND

CAP

IND

CAP

Same as True PF, But Only With Fundamental Components:

 Voltage & Current Measurements
 Average
 Temperature

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 Phasors
 Waveforms
 Voltage Flickering
 Pinst Waveform
 Minimum / Maximum Flickering
 Voltage & Current Harmonics
 P & Q Harmonics
 Spectrum

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 Harmonics Table
 Voltage & Current, Min & Max Harmonics Table

 PQ Min & Maximum Harmonics

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Temperature

Ambient temperature is an important parameter both within an electrical cabinet
and w ithin your G4K BLACKBOX U nit. Temperature extremes d o affect measuring
accuracy. T herefore, m onitoring t he in ternal t emperature o f t he i nstrument is
important when monitoring all measured electrical parameters to ensure that the
values ca n b e as sumed t o b e o f m aximum ac curacy. A rise in p ower s upply
temperature could be a sign of loose connections or some other malfunction.

OPEN THE TEMPER A TUR E WINDOW

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface select Monitoring

Temperature:

 The Temperature Window will now open:

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The table outlines the sections' Parameters including Definition:

The av erage, m inimum, a nd m aximum in ternal

, av erage, m inimum,

.

every network cycle and

data is s tored in t he

The av erage minimum and maximum t emperature of

PARAMETER DEFINITION

Internal
Temperature

temperature of the DSP Module

External
Temperature

Utilizing a PT100 T hermometer
and m aximum o utside t emperatures ar e monitored
The temperatures measured
averaged o ver 1 0 cy cles. The
PQZIP files every 10 minutes.

PSU Temperature

the Power Supply Module

Reset all Min/Max measurements of your G4K Unit

SEE ALSO

 Monitoring Real-Time Data
 Voltage & Current Measurements
 Average
 Power
 Phasors
 Waveforms
 Voltage Flickering
 Pinst Waveform
 Minimum / Maximum Flickering
 Voltage & Current Harmonics
 P & Q Harmonics
 Spectrum
 Harmonics Table
 Voltage & Current, Min & Max Harmonics Table

 PQ Min & Maximum Harmonics

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Phasors

A Phasor is a vector representation of the Voltages & Currents in the system. The
Phasor Window of the BLACKBOX Web Interface represents both Wye and Delta
Voltage Configurations in a Phasor format. Therefore, the Phasors are a vector
representation of the First Harmonic.

NOTE NOTE NOTE

 In order to display the Phasor graph, ensure that you install the ActiveX plug-in

from G igasoft (downloadable e ither from Elspec's W ebsite's S upport S ection or
alternatively ca n be i nstalled d irectly f rom y our BLACKBOX C D). Y ou w ill
receive the following error message if the program is not installed:

 For Internet Explorer 8/9 Users: Once y ou h ave in stalled G igasoft, e nsure

that the Internet Explorer is running in Compatibility View:

OPEN THE PHASORS WINDOW

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface select Monitoring

Phasors:

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 The Phasor Window will now open:

P

D

Displays Voltage Phase to Neutral Phasor (only p resent with

Displays the Phase to Phase Current (only present with Delta

The table outlines the sections' Parameter options (for your selection)
including their Definition:

ARAMETER

EFINITION

Voltage

WYE 4 Wire configuration)

Current Displays Phase Current

Diff

Displays the Phase to Neutral Voltages Phasor

Voltage

Diff
Current

3 Wire configuration)

Normalize Displays the all vector as part of the largest vector

Ampl The Amplitude of each Phasor

Angle V1 /V12 is at 0

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0

, all other vectors are in relation to V1 /V12

CHART OPTIONS

 Right-click o n the ch art to ac cess various options & capabilities f or t he

chart:

 You may use the following chart options & capabilities:

 Viewing Style: Different s tyling o ptions C olor / M onochrome ( B&W)

with/without Symbols / Bitmap etc. By selecting the option y ou can
view on screen the different styles available to you

 Border Style: No Border, Thin Line, Shadow / Inset
 Font Size: Large / Medium / Small
 Show Legend: Display / Not display Legend
 Plotting Method: From Line / Point / Point & Line
 Data Shadows: Off / Shadow / 3D
 Include Data Labels: Include / Exclude Numeric Data Labels
 Mark Data Points: Mark/Unmark Data Points
 Grid Options: Extend Radius Tick Marks, Both Degrees & Radius,

Degrees, Radius, Hid Grid Lines, Thin Grid Lines, Thick Grid Lines,

Dotted Grid Lines, Dashed Grid Lines & One Pixel Grid Lines

 Maximize: Min / Max the Phasor Graph Only

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 Customization Dialog - Various General Graph Customization

Options (all options):

 Export Dialog - Various Export Options:

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SEE ALSO

 Monitoring Real-Time Data
 Voltage & Current Measurements
 Average
 Power
 Temperature
 Waveforms
 Voltage Flickering
 Pinst Waveform
 Minimum / Maximum Flickering
 Voltage & Current Harmonics
 P & Q Harmonics
 Spectrum
 Harmonics Table
 Voltage & Current, Min & Max Harmonics Table
 PQ Min & Maximum Harmonics

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Waveforms

The Waveform page displays the actual Voltage & Current waveforms monitored by
your G4K BLACKBOX Unit.

NOTE NOTE NOTE

 In order to display the Phasor graph, ensure that you install the ActiveX plug-in

from G igasoft (downloadable e ither from Elspec's W ebsite's S upport S ection or
alternatively ca n b e in stalled d irectly f rom y our BLACKBOX C D). Y ou w ill
receive the following error message if the program is not installed:

 For Internet Explorer 8/9 Users: Once y ou h ave in stalled G igasoft, e nsure

that the Internet Explorer is running in Compatibility View:

OPEN THE WAVEFORMS WINDOW

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface select Monitoring

Waveforms:

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 The Waveforms Window will now open:

P

D

Checking t he "A ll g raphs" b ox w ill a utomatically se lect a ll

Voltage &

Depending on y our p ower co nfiguration, y ou c an v iew al l
combinations o f p hase t o p hase a nd p hase t o l ine v oltage

lections i n th e

The table outlines the sections' Parameter options (for your selection)
including their Definition:

ARAMETER

Cycle Cycle Selection (1-4 Cycles)

All

the boxes below

Current

and c urrent c ombinations b y m aking s e
appropriate check boxes

EFINITION

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CHART OPTIONS

 By right-clicking on the chart you have various chart options & capabilities

available to you:

 Viewing Style: Different styling options Color / Monochrome (B&W)

with/without Symbols / Bitmap etc. By selecting the option you can
view on screen the different styles available to you

 Border Style: No Border, Thin Line, Shadow / Inset
 Font Size: Large / Medium / Small
 Display / Not display Legend
 Numeric Precision: No up to 3 Decimals
 Plotting Method: From Line / Bar / Point / Area / Spline /

Combinations

 Data Shadows: Off / Shadow / 3D
 Grid Options: Various grid options ranging from dots / lines /

different axis etc.

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 Graph & Table: Display either the graph / table / both:

 Point Label Orientation: Auto / Vertical / Horizontal / Slanted
 Mark Data Points: Displays data points on graph
 Show Annotations: Displays annotations data descriptions
 Zoom / Undo Zoom - Zoom in /out on your graph:

 From the main Waveform window, select an area to zoom in.

Left-click and drag the mouse to define the area:

 The enlarged area will now appear in the window

 Zoom out by right/click & select Zoom out

 Maximize: Maximize / Minimize graph

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 Customization Dialog - Various General Graph Customization

Options (all options apart from zooming above):

 Export Dialog - Various Export Options:

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SEE ALSO

 Monitoring Real-Time Data
 Voltage & Current Measurements
 Average
 Power
 Temperature
 Phasors
 Voltage Flickering
 Pinst Waveform
 Minimum / Maximum Flickering
 Voltage & Current Harmonics
 P & Q Harmonics
 Spectrum
 Harmonics Table
 Voltage & Current, Min & Max Harmonics Table
 PQ Min & Maximum Harmonics

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Voltage Flickering

Displays the short & long term Voltage Flickering to a v ery close approximation of
the EN50160 values.

OPEN THE VOLTAGE FLICKERING WINDOW

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface select Monitoring Voltage

Flickering:

 The Voltage Flickering Window will now open:

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The table outlines the sections' Parameter options (for your selection)

Flicker evaluation. T his measurement r eaches a very cl ose

including their Definition:

PARAMETER

PST INST

PSST 10
Sec.

PST

DEFINITION

Instantaneous f licker ev aluation. Output o f Bl ock 5 o f the
Flickermeter in Accordance with IEC61000-4-15 Edition 2

An E lspec m easurement d esigned to g et q uicker r esults r egarding

approximation of the EN50160 values, but in a fraction of the time.

The P SST is cal culated t he s ame as P ST b ut averaged o ver 10
seconds. T his E lspec d efined v alue is valuable in t hat it en ables
faster as sessment o f the f licker. E lspec P SST co nverges t o a r eal
value within 3 min from a drastic flicker change, or immediately for
periodic steady state flicker

Where t he P ercentiles , , , , are t he F licker L evels

Exceeded for 0.1, 1, 3, 10 & 50% of the Time During The Observation
Period. T he S uffix “ s” in t he F ormula I ndicates t hat t he S moothed
Value Should be Used. The Smoothed Values are Obtained Using the
Following Formulas:

P(1s) = (P(.7) + P(1) + P(1.5))/3

P(3s) = (P(2.2) + P(3) + P(4))/3

P(10s) = (P(6) + P(8) + P(10) + P(13) + P(17))/5

P(50s) = (P(30) + P(50) + P(80))/3

PST 10
Min

PLT

Short term flicker evaluation.

P

is a v alue m easured o ver 1 0 m inutes t hat c haracterizes t he

ST

likelihood that th e v oltage f luctuations w ould r esult i n p erceptible
light f licker. A v alue o f 1 .0 is d esigned t o r epresent t hat 5 0% o f
people would perceive flicker in a 60 watt incandescent bulb.

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PARAMETER DEFINITION

Flicker ev aluation. This m easurement r eaches a v ery cl ose

lspec m easurement d esigned t o g ive better r esults r egarding

but averaged over 7 days, as

SPLT 1 Hour

PLT 2 Hour

LPLT 10
Hour

LPLT 7 Day

An Elspec measurement designed to get quicker results regarding

approximation o f t he EN 50160 v alues, b ut i n a f raction o f th e
time.

The SPLT is calculated the same as PLT but averaged over 1 hour.
This E lspec d efined v alue is v aluable i n t hat it e nables f aster
assessment of the flicker

The Long-Term PLT is Derived From the Short-Term Values Over 12
Short-Term Values of 10 Minutes Each Over a Period of 2 hours

An E lspec measurement d esigned to give better results r egarding
Flicker ev aluation b y u sing a l onger av eraging t ime. T he L PLT is
calculated the same as P

but averaged over 10 hours to allow a

LT

quicker "long term" average

An E
Flicker evaluation by using a longer averaging time.

The LPLT is calculated the same as PLT
per EN50160 parts 4-15

Reset all Flickering measurements of your G4K Unit

SEE ALSO

 Monitoring Real-Time Data
 Voltage & Current Measurements
 Average
 Power
 Temperature
 Phasors
 Waveforms
 Pinst Waveform
 Minimum / Maximum Flickering
 Voltage & Current Harmonics
 P & Q Harmonics
 Spectrum
 Harmonics Table
 Voltage & Current, Min & Max Harmonics Table
 PQ Min & Maximum Harmonics

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Pinst Wave form

Pinst is instantaneous flicker sensation that the G4K calculates for every selected
channel.

OPEN THE PINST WAVEFORM WINDOW

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface select Monitoring Pinst

Waveforms:

 The Pinst Waveforms Window will now open:

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The table outlines the sections' Parameter options (for your selection)

Select t he applicable ch annel f or F lickering W aveform

including their Definition:

PARAMETER DEFINITION

All

Checking the "All graphs" box will automatically select all
the boxes below

Voltage
Channels

display.

SEE ALSO

 Monitoring Real-Time Data
 Voltage & Current Measurements
 Average
 Power
 Temperature
 Phasors
 Waveforms
 Voltage Flickering
 Minimum / Maximum Flickering
 Voltage & Current Harmonics
 P & Q Harmonics
 Spectrum
 Harmonics Table
 Voltage & Current, Min & Max Harmonics Table
 PQ Min & Maximum Harmonics

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Minimum / Maximum Flickering

Displays the minimum & maximum short & long term Voltage Flickering vales to a
very close approximation of the EN50160 values.

OPEN THE MIN/MAX FLICKERIN G WINDOW

 Access your G4K Unit via the Web Interface select Monitoring

Min/Max Flickering:

 The Min/Max Flickering Window will now open:

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The table outlines the sections' Parameter options (for your selection) including

Flicker ev aluation. T his m easurement reaches a v ery cl ose

their Definition:

PARAMETER DEFINITION

PST INST

PSST 10 Sec.

PST

Instantaneous f licker ev aluation. Output o f Bl ock 5 o f the
Flickermeter in Accordance with IEC61000-4-15 Edition 2

An E lspec m easurement d esigned t o g et quicker r esults r egarding

approximation of the EN50160 values, but in a fraction of the time.

The P SST i s calculated the sa me as P ST b ut av eraged over 1 0
seconds. T his E lspec d efined v alue is v aluable i n t hat i t en ables
faster as sessment o f the f licker. E lspec P SST co nverges t o a r eal
value within 3 min from a drastic flicker change, or immediately for
periodic steady state flicker

Where t he Percentiles , , , , are t he F licker L evels

Exceeded for 0.1, 1, 3, 10 & 50% of the Time During The Observation
Period. T he S uffix “ s” i n the F ormula I ndicates tha t th e Smoothed
Value S hould b e Used. The S moothed V alues are Obtained U sing the
Following Formulas:

P(1s) = (P(.7) + P(1) + P(1.5))/3

P(3s) = (P(2.2) + P(3) + P(4))/3

P(10s) = (P(6) + P(8) + P(10) + P(13) + P(17))/5

P(50s) = (P(30) + P(50) + P(80))/3

PST 10 Min Short term flicker evaluation.

P

is a v alue m easured over 1 0 m inutes t hat ch aracterizes the

ST

likelihood t hat t he v oltage f luctuations w ould r esult in p erceptible
light f licker. A v alue o f 1 .0 is d esigned t o r epresent that 5 0% o f
people would perceive flicker in a 60 watt incandescent bulb.

PLT

Where (i = 1 , 2, 3 , ...) a re C onsecutive Readings of t he S hort-

Term Severity

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PARAMETER DEFINITION

r ev aluation. T his m easurement reaches a v ery cl ose

An E lspec m easurement d esigned t o g ive b etter r esults r egarding

An E lspec m easurement d esigned t o g ive b etter r esults r egarding

over 7 days, as per

SPLT 1 Hour

PLT 2 Hour

LPLT 10 Hour

LPLT 1 Day

LPLT 7 Day

An E lspec m easurement d esigned t o g et quicker r esults r egarding
Flicke
approximation of the EN50160 values, but in a fraction of the time.

The S PLT is calculated t he s ame as PLT b ut averaged over 1 h our.
This E lspec d efined value is v aluable i n t hat it enables f aster
assessment of the flicker

The Lo ng-Term PLT is D erived F rom the S hort-Term V alues O ver 1 2
Short-Term Values of 10 Minutes Each Over a Period of 2 hours

An E lspec m easurement d esigned t o g ive b etter r esults r egarding
Flicker ev aluation b y u sing a l onger av eraging t ime. T he L PLT is
calculated t he same as P

but av eraged over 1 0 h ours t o al low a

LT

quicker "long term" average

Flicker evaluation by using a longer averaging time.

The LPLT is calculated the same as P

but averaged over 1 day

LT

Flicker evaluation by using a longer averaging time.

The LPLT is calculated the same as PLT but averaged
EN50160 parts 4-15

Reset all Flickering measurements of your G4K Unit

SEE ALSO

 Monitoring Real-Time Data
 Voltage & Current Measurements
 Average
 Power
 Temperature
 Phasors
 Waveforms
 Voltage Flickering
 Pinst Waveform

 Voltage & Current Harmonics
 P & Q Harmonics
 Spectrum
 Harmonics Table
 Voltage & Current, Min & Max

Harmonics Table

 PQ Min & Maximum Harmonics

 Minimum / Maximum Flickering

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