Elenco Electronics AK-100/SP-1A, AK-100, SP-1A Assembly And Instruction Manual
SOLDER PRACTICE KIT
MODEL AK-100 / SP-1A
Assembly and Instruction Manual
Copyright © 2004, 1994 by Elenco®Electronics, Inc. All rights reserved. Revised 2004 REV-I 752601
No part of this book shall be reproduced by any means; electronic, photocopying, or otherwise without written permission from the publisher.
Elenco®Electronics, Inc.
PARTS LIST
If you are a student, and any parts are missing or damaged, please see instructor or bookstore.
If you purchased this kit from a distributor, catalog, etc., please contact Elenco®Electronics (address/phone/email is at the back of this manual) for additional assistance, if needed. DO NOT contact your place of purchase
as they will not be able to help you.
RESISTORS
Note: Please refer to page 13 for the resistor reading exercise. This will familiarize you with the resistor color
band coding.
Qty. Symbol Value Color Code Part #
1R3 68Ω 5% 1/4W blue-gray-black-gold 126800
2 R1, R7 470Ω 5% 1/4W yellow-violet-brown-gold 134700
1R2 1kΩ 5% 1/2W brown-black-red-gold 141001
2 R8,R9 10kΩ 5% 1/4W brown-black-orange-gold 151000
2 R4, R6 22kΩ 5% 1/4W red-red-orange-gold 152200
1 R5 47kΩ 5% 1/4W yellow-violet-orange-gold 154700
2 R4A, R6A 56kΩ 5% 1/4W green-blue-orange-gold 155600
1 VR1 200Ω Trim Pot 191321
CAPACITORS
Qty. Symbol Value Description Part #
2 C4, C5 .02μF (203) or .022μF (223) Discap 242010
3 C1, C2, C3 10μF Electrolytic (Lytic) 271045
1 C6 100μF Electrolytic (Lytic) 281044
SEMICONDUCTORS
Qty. Symbol Value Description Part #
2 Q1, Q2 2N3904 Transistor NPN 323904
1 IC1 555 or 1455 Integrated Circuit (Timer) 330555
2 LED1, LED2 Red LED (Light Emitting Diode) 350002
MISCELLANEOUS
Qty. Symbol Description Part #
1 PC Board 511500
1 Solder Wick 556000
1 Battery Snap 590098
1 Speaker 590102
3 Wire 22AWG Topcoat Blue 12” (save one piece for the speaker assembly) 814600
1 Solder Tube Lead-free 9LF96
For AK-100 only:
1 Soldering Iron 9SR1
1 Side Cutters 9ST1
Resistors
Capacitors
PARTS IDENTIFICATION
Electrolytic
Miscellaneous
-1-
Battery Snap
LED
Transistor
Speaker
1/2W
1/4W
Integrated
Circuit (IC)
8-pin
Solder
Discap
Tr i m Po t
Semiconductors
-2-
IDENTIFYING RESISTOR VALUES
Use the following information as a guide in properly identifying the value of resistors.
BAND 1
1st Digit
Color Digit
Black 0
Brown 1
Red 2
Orange 3
Yellow 4
Green 5
Blue 6
Violet 7
Gray 8
White 9
BAND 2
2nd Digit
Color Digit
Black 0
Brown 1
Red 2
Orange 3
Yellow 4
Green 5
Blue 6
Violet 7
Gray 8
White 9
Multiplier
Color Multiplier
Black 1
Brown 10
Red 100
Orange 1,000
Yellow 10,000
Green 100,000
Blue 1,000,000
Silver 0.01
Gold 0.1
Resistance
Tolerance
Color Tolerance
Silver +10%
Gold +
5%
Brown +1%
Red +2%
Orange +
3%
Green +.5%
Blue +.25%
Violet +
.1%
BANDS
1
2 Multiplier Tolerance
IDENTIFYING CAPACITOR VALUES
Capacitors will be identified by their capacitance value in pF (picofarads), nF (nanofarads), or μF (microfarads). Most
capacitors will have their actual value printed on them. Some capacitors may have their value printed in the following
manner. The maximum operating voltage may also be printed on the capacitor.
Second Digit
First Digit
Multiplier
Tolerance
The letter M indicates a tolerance of +
20%
The letter K indicates a tolerance of +10%
The letter J indicates a tolerance of +5%
For the No.01234589
Multiply By 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k .01 0.1
Multiplier
Note: The letter “R” may be used at times
to signify a decimal point; as in 3R3 = 3.3
103K
100V
Maximum Working Voltage
The value is 10 x 1,000 = 10,000pF or .01μF 100V
10μF 16V
METRIC UNITS AND CONVERSIONS
Abbreviation Means Multiply Unit By Or
p Pico .000000000001 10
-12
n nano .000000001 10
-9
μ micro .000001 10
-6
m milli .001 10
-3
– unit 1 10
0
k kilo 1,000 10
3
M mega 1,000,000 10
6
1. 1,000 pico units = 1 nano unit
2. 1,000 nano units = 1 micro unit
3. 1,000 micro units= 1 milli unit
4. 1,000 milli units = 1 unit
5. 1,000 units = 1 kilo unit
6. 1,000 kilo units= 1 mega unit
-3-
RESISTOR READING EXERCISE
Before starting assembly of your solder practice project, you should be thoroughly familiar with the 4-band color
code system. Many of the resistor values will be identified by color bands and it is easy to mistake their value
if you read the colors incorrectly or read the value from the wrong end. Do the following exercise in resistor
values. Place your answer in the box beneath the resistor. Answers are on the bottom of this page.
(1) brown-green-red-gold
(3) brown-black-yellow-gold
(5) yellow-violet-brown-gold
(7) yellow-violet-black-gold
(9) orange-orange-red-gold
(11) brown-black-green-gold
(2) brown-black-orange-gold
(4) red-red-orange-gold
(6) blue-gray-orange-gold
(8) brown-blue-brown-gold
(10) green-brown-red-gold
(12) brown-gray-orange-gold
Answers to Resistor Reading Exercise: 1) 1.5kΩ+5%; 2) 10kΩ+5%; 3) 100kΩ+5%; 4) 22kΩ+5%; 5) 470Ω+5%;
6) 68kΩ+
5%; 7) 47Ω+5%; 8) 160Ω+5%; 9) 3.3kΩ+5%; 10) 5.1kΩ+5%; 11) 1MΩ+5%; 12) 18kΩ+5%
Almost every electronic device today has a printed
circuit board. Whether you are assembling a PC
board or repairing it, you must understand the basics
of working with these boards.
Good soldering requires practice and an
understanding of soldering principles. This solder
practice project will help you achieve good soldering
techniques, help you to become familiar with a
variety of electronic components, and provide you
with dynamic results. If the circuit has been
assembled and soldered properly, two LED’s will
alternately flash, and the speaker will produce a
wailing sound.
Safety Precautions
Like all electrical devices, the solder station must be
handled with care. The soldering iron and tip can
reach high temperatures and these simple safety
rules should be followed.
• Keep children out of reach of the soldering station.
• To protect your eyes, use safety goggles.
• Keep flammable material away from the soldering
iron.
• DO NOT cool iron
by dipping it into any liquid or
water.
• Always assume that the tip is hot to avoid burns.
• Work in an area that is well ventilated.
• Be careful that the hot soldering iron tip or the
barrel of the iron does not come in contact with any
electrical cord.
• Do not hold solder in your mouth. Solder
contains lead and is a toxic substance. Wash your
hands thoroughly after handling solder.
• Locate soldering iron in an area where you do not
have to go around it or reach over it.
Solder
Solder is a fusible alloy composed of tin and lead.
Some solder may contain small amounts of other
material for use in special purposes to enhance its
characteristics. Solder has a melting temperature
around 360
O
to 370O, making it ideal for forming a
metallic joint between two metals.
Solder is identified by the ratio of tin-to-lead. The
most common ratios are 63/37, 60/40, and 50/50.
The first number indicates the amount of tin, and the
second is lead. A 60/40 solder has 60% tin and 40%
lead. Solder with a greater tin content melts at a
lower temperature, takes less time to harden, and
generally makes it easier to do a good soldering job.
The ratio of tin is a main factor in the strength of the
solder joint. Solder with a greater tin content has a
greater holding ability under stress. Solder with a tin
ratio of 60% is the strongest, while solder with less
than 30% would be undesirable.
Flux
Most solder contains flux in the hollow core of the
solder allowing it to be applied automatically when
you heat the solder. The flux will remove any oxide
film on the metals soldered creating a good metal-tometal contact. This is called “wetting the metal”.
There are three types of solder fluxes: chloride,
organic and rosin. In the electronics industry, only
the rosin type is used. Rosin flux comes in two types,
pure and active. The most reliable is the pure type,
since it doesn’t cause dendrites between tracks on
the PC board as the active type does. Due to the
highly corrosive and moisture attracting
characteristics of the chloride and organic type
fluxes, they should not be used in electronics.
Surface Preparation
In order for the solder to adhere to the connection,
the metals must be clean and free of nonmetallic
materials. Flux in the solder can remove oxides from
metal but not other materials like dirt or grease. To
remove these, use a small steel brush or fine emery
cloth.
Mechanical Connection
When all the surfaces are clean, the metals should
have a solid mechanical connection. Wires should
be tightly wrapped around each other or to the
terminal. This will eliminate large gaps that create
weak solder joints. Solder should not be used as a
mechanical connection.
INTRODUCTION
-4-
Solder
Figure 1
Rosin Core
Solder
Wire
Terminal
Figure 2
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