How it Works
Element14
Loading...
mi:node
User Manual
32 pgs2.37 Mb0

Element14 mi:node User Manual

Download
Page 1
mi:node
User Manual
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 1
Page 2
Table of Contents
1) Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Features ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Kit Contents ................................................................................................................................................ 3
2) Getting Started ................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 The Connector Board ................................................................................................................................. 5
2.2 E-Brick Connectors ..................................................................................................................................... 5
2.3 Inputs ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
a) Analog In/PWM .......................................................................................................................................... 6
b) Digital IO ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
c) I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) ...................................................................................................................... 7
2.4 Pin Mapping ............................................................................................................................................... 7
3) Usage .................................................................................................................................................................. 8
3.1 Programming Using mi:node ..................................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Working With mi:node Libraries ................................................................................................................ 8
3.3 Working Without mi:node Libraries......................................................................................................... 11
3.4 Module Usage & API Reference ............................................................................................................... 11
a) Light Sensor .............................................................................................................................................. 11
b) Temperature and Humidity Sensor (DHT11) ............................................................................................ 13
c) Sound Sensor ........................................................................................................................................... 16
d) Rotary Module ......................................................................................................................................... 17
e) Mini Fan Module ...................................................................................................................................... 20
f) Speaker Module ....................................................................................................................................... 22
g) PIR Sensor Module ................................................................................................................................... 23
h) RGB LED Module ...................................................................................................................................... 25
i) Switch Module ......................................................................................................................................... 27
j) Relay Module ........................................................................................................................................... 30
4) Appendix .......................................................................................................................................................... 32
4.1 Microsoft MakeCode ................................................................................................................................ 32
4.2 Support ..................................................................................................................................................... 32
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 2
Page 3
1) Introduction
1.1 Overview
The mi:node kit is a modular, safe and easy to use group of accessories that work along the BBC micro:bit to help introduce children to the Internet of Things (IoT) – a term created to describe the growing network of devices that are able to connect to the Internet, collect data and exchange information.
With this kit there is no need for soldering, just connect and use. The construction of a working circuit can be easily completed in less than one minute.
1.2 Features
Includes sensors for environmental and physical monitoring, as well as user interface modules
(such as a switch) to allow a number of exciting projects including wearable applications and smart home devices.
Rich education guide with lesson documentation and many project stories. Expandable Reusable
1.3 Kit Contents
Image 1.3 – mi:node Kit Contents
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 3
Page 4
Category
#
Module
Qty
Connector
Type
Description
Connect Board
1
Connect Board
1
NA
A bridge between the micro:bit and the mi:node sensor modules
Sensor Modules (10)
2
Light Sensor
1
Analog Input
Detects the intensity of light in an environment
3 Speaker
1
Analog Output/
PWM
Voice output amplifier 4 Temperature and
Humidity Sensor
1
Analog Input
Senses temperature and humidity within the environment
5 Sound Sensor
1
Analog Input
Detects the sound strength within an environment
6 Mini Fan
1
Analog Output/
PWM
A connector board for the DC Motor and Orbit Fan
7 Relay
1
Digital Output
A digital switch used to control high­voltage electrical devices, up to a maximum of 250V
8 Rotary Angle
1
Analog Input
A switch with a 0 - 300 degree dial used to control voltage output from 0V to maximum
9 PIR Motion Sensor
1
Digital Input
Senses motion; usually human movement within range
10
Switch
1
Digital Input
Used to switch voltage ON/OFF
11
RGB LED
1
Digital Output
A colorful Light Emitting Diode. The color and brightness can be programmed.
Accessories
12
Orbit Fan
1
Analog Input
Small handheld fan (Located under the Connect Board in the box)
13
DC Motor
1
Analog Output/
PWM
Direct Current (DC) motor used to run the Orbit Fan using the Mini Fan connector board. Can be used to run other small devices as well.
Cables
14
E-Brick Connector Cable
8
N/A
Double ended cables of two different lengths used to connect sensor modules to the Connect Board.
2 x 20cm cable 6 x 10cm cable
15
Micro-USB to USB
2
N/A
Two cables, One for power input to the
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 4
Page 5
Cable
Connect Board. One for micro:bit program upload.
Table 1.3 – Kit Contents
* Note: BBC micro:bit not include; sold separately.
2) Getting Started
2.1 The Connector Board
The kit is comprised of a Connector Board and several sensor modules. The Connect Board is a bridge between the BBC micro:bit and the mi:node sensor modules. It converts the BBC micro:bit edge connector into several e-brick connectors. The sensor modules can then easily be attached to it using the provided e-brick cables.
Image 2.1 – mi:node Connect Board
2.2 E-Brick Connectors
E-Brick Connectors are compatible with Grove – a standardized connector for prototyping systems created by the company called Seeed. This connector enables the mi:node to be a plug­and-play type product. The E-Brick Connectors each have 4 pins which connect directly to the E­Brick Connector Cables.
Image 2.2 – E-Brick Connector Cable
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 5
Page 6
Pin No.
(Cable Color)
Pin Name
Description
1
(Yellow)
Signal #1
This is a communication pin. It allows you to connect to the analog input, digital input/output, and the I2C functionality of the micro:bit so that you can read from and control your mi:node sensor modules.
2
(White)
Signal #2
This pin is a duplicate of Pin No. 1 described above. Note: Usually only one communication pin is required for most sensors.
3
(Red)
Vcc
Power connection.
4
(Black)
Gnd
Ground connection.
E-Brick Connector Pin-Out:
Table 2.2 – E-Brick Connector Pin-Out
2.3 Inputs
There are 3 different data transfer types between the E-Brick Connectors on the mi:node Connector Board.
Image 2.3 – mi:node Connector Board 2
a) Analog In/PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, such as motors.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 6
Page 7
Pin Name
Description
A0
Connects to a micro:bit pin with analog input or PWM function
A1
Connects to a micro:bit pin with analog input or PWM function
A2
Connects to a micro:bit pin with analog input or PWM function
Pin Name
Description
D12
Connects to a micro:bit pin with digital IO (input or output) function
D13
Connects to a micro:bit pin with digital IO (input or output) function
D14
Connects to a micro:bit pin with digital IO (input or output) function
D15
Connects to a micro:bit pin with digital IO (input or output) function
Pin Name
Description
I2C SCL
I2C clock signal. Connect to micro:bit pin19
I2C SDA
I2C data signal. Connect to micro:bit pin20
Connector Type
Connector Name
micro:bit Pin Name
Analog Input / Digital IO
A0
pin0, pin1
A1
pin1, pin2
A2
pin2, pin3
Digital IO
D12
pin12, pin13
D13
pin13, pin14
D14
pin14, pin15
D15
pin15, pin16
b) Digital IO
c) I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit)
This is a form of electronic communication standard that requires two signals, a data signal and a clock signal. It allows information to be sent in packages, on what is called a bus, to and from the BBC micro:bit and any attached sensor modules. It also allows you to communicate to several sensor modules using the same bus. This is done by identifying each sensor module with a different address.
2.4 Pin Mapping
Pin mapping is done to ensure the outputs from the mi:node E-Connector pins are correctly connected (or ‘mapped’) to the corresponding pins of the BBC micro:bit edge-connector. Below is a table illustrating the mi:node Pin Mapping.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 7
Page 8
I2C
I2C
pin19, pin20
I2C
pin19, pin20
I2C
pin19, pin20
Typically using names that start with the letter ‘A’ (like A0, A1, A2) denote ANALOG inputs, but these connections can sometimes also be used as digital inputs or outputs.
Names starting with the letter ‘D’ can only be used to denote DIGITAL inputs and outputs. This is similar to the I2C in that it can only be used to denote I2C connections.
3) Usage
3.1 Programming Using mi:node
There are five different code editors to choose from on the BBC micro:bit official website.
Table 2.4 – Pin Mapping
Microsoft PXT Code Kingdoms JavaScript Microsoft Block Editor Microsoft Touch Develop python
In this document we will focus on using the Microsoft PXT editor.
3.2 Working With mi:node Libraries
The mi:node has pre-created libraries that you can utilize for free. Working with these libraries saves the time of having to study the technical details of each module before beginning to program.
For example, the RGB LED module works using I2C communication. By utilizing the already created mi:node library you just need to call the RGB LED library function to enable you to control color and brightness. You don’t have to worry about the details of how the I2C communication does this.
With the pre-created libraries you also don't need to think about which micro:bit pin a mi:node sensor module connects to. You only need to know the name of the connector that your sensor module and E-Brick Cable is connected to.
Steps to follow:
Go to https://makecode.microbit.org
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 8
Page 9
Add the mi:node library to your code
a) Click “More…” and select “Add Package…” from the drop down menu.
Image 3.2a – Click “Add Package…”
b) Type “minode” or “node”, then select the search button.
You can also enter the following project URL:
https://github.com/minodekit/pxt-minode before selecting the search button.
Both options will pull up the mi:node library package.
Select the “minode” library to add it to your project.
Image 3.2b – Search the package and add it
c) After selecting the mi:node library, wait a moment and you will see it being added to your
project. This may take a few seconds.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 9
Page 10
Image 3.2c – mi:node packed added
Refer to the example code or API reference and drag the library blocks you want to use into
your project space.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 10
Page 11
Connector Type
Connector Name
micro:bit Pin Name
Digital IO
D12
pin12, pin13
Image 3.2c – mi node package
3.3 Working Without mi:node Libraries
You can also use the micro:bit pin library to control the sensor modules directly. To do so, the micro:bit pin ID is required. This ID can be found using the E-brick connector ID and the lookup table shown in Table 2.4 – Pin Mapping above.
For example, if you connect a sensor module to D12 on the Connector Board, from the table you can see that this connector corresponds to pin12 on the micro:bit.
3.4 Module Usage & API Reference
This section describes the main uses for each of the mi:node sensor modules and the API (Application Program Interface) references required to carry them out.
a) Light Sensor
The Light Sensor module can be used to detect the intensity of light in the surrounding environment.
This module requires an analog connection, therefore can only be plugged into A0, A1, or A3 on the Connector Board.
Image 3.4a – Light Sensor Module
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 11
Page 12
Module
Connect Type
Available Connectors
Light Sensor
Analog
A0, A1, A2
Parameter
Min.
Typical
Max.
Unit
Photoresistor (light intensity is 10lux)
5 - 10
kohm
Threshold hysteresis ΔUth
-
VCC*0.09
-
V
Electrical Characteristics
Block API:
Obtaining the Light Level
The light sensor module divides brightness into five distinct levels, 1 – 5, with one being the brightest and five being the most dull.
Function
LightSensorGetLevel(connName: AnalogConnName): number;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name.
Light Sensing Event
This function is used to check the light level periodically and then execute the associated code block whenever the light level changes.
Function
onLightSensorEvent(connName: AnalogConnName, body: () => void): void;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name.
EXAMPLE:
Display Light Level
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 12
Page 13
Module
Connect Type
Available Connectors
DHT11
Digital IO
D12, D13, D14, D15
Parameter
Min.
Typical
Max.
Unit
Accuracy (25℃)
-
±4 - %RH
Accuracy (0-50℃)
- - ±5
%RH
This example shows you how to get the current light level and display it on the LED screen.
Light Level Change Notification
This example displays the word ‘Change’ on the LED screen whenever the light level changes.
b) Temperature and Humidity Sensor (DHT11)
This sensor module features a temperature & humidity sensor with a calibrated digital signal output. It can measure temperature and humidity in the surrounding environment.
Image 3.4b – Temperature & Humitity Sensor Module
Electrical Characteristics
Humidity
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 13
Page 14
Measurement range (25℃)
20 - 95
%RH
Response time: 1/e (63%) 25℃，1m/s air
6
10
15
s
Parameter
Min.
Typical
Max.
Unit
Accuracy
±1 - ±2
℃
Measurement range
0 - 50
℃
Response time /e (63%)
6
30
s
Temperature
Block API
Measure Temperature
Obtain the current temperature. This value can be configured the format of Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Function
DHTGetTemperature(connName: ConnName, style: DHTTemStyle): number;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the connector's name.
‘style’ is the format of the temperature. You can choose Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Measure Humidity
Obtain the current humidity.
Function
DHTGetHumidity(connName: ConnName): number;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the connector's name.
Temperature Change Event
Check the temperature periodically and execute the associated code block whenever the temperature changes. The smallest detectable unit of change is 1 degrees Celsius.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 14
Page 15
Function
onDHTEvent(connName: ConnName, body: () => void): void;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name.
EXAMPLE:
Pressing Buttons to Display Temperature and Humidity
This example shows you how to use Buttons A and B to obtain the temperature and humidity of the surrounding environment. When Button A is press the screen will show the current temperature. When Button B is pressed, it will show the humidity
Temperature Change Notification – Smiley Face
Display a smiley face on the LED screen when the temperature changes.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 15
Page 16
Module
Connect Type
Available Connectors
Sound Sensor
Analog
A0, A1, A2
Parameter
Min.
Typical
Max.
Unit
Frequency range
100 - 10000
Hz
Sensitivity
-
-50 - dB
c) Sound Sensor
The Sound Sensor Module can be used to detect the sound strength of the surrounding environment.
Image 3.4c – Sound Sensor Module
Electrical Characteristics
Block API:
Obtain the Sound Level
The sound level is divided into five levels, 1 – 5, where one represents the quietest (lowest) level and five represents the loudest (highest) level.
Function
MICGetLevel(connName: AnalogConnName): number;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name. This module can only be plugged into an analog connector A0, A1 and A2.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 16
Sound Sensor Event
Check the sound level periodically and execute the associated code block whenever the sound level changes.
Page 17
Function
onMICEvent(connName: AnalogConnName, body: () => void): void;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name.
EXAMPLE:
Display the Sound Level
This example shows you how to obtain the current sound level and display it as a number on the LED screen.
Sound Level Change Notification
When the sound level changes, the word ‘Change’ is displayed on the LED screen.
d) Rotary Module
The Rotary Module has a potentiometer that can produce analog output between 0 and Vcc (the supply voltage). This is done by turning the dial, adjusting the range from 0 – 300 degrees.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 17
Page 18
Module
Connect Type
Available Connectors
Rotary Sensor
Analog
A0, A1, A2
Parameter
Min.
Typical
Max.
Unit
Resistance range
0 - 10
kΩ
Image 3.4d – Rotary Module
Electrical Characteristics
Block API
Obtain the Rotary Position
Determine the current rotary position, the percentage of how much the rotary dial has been rotated from its zero position.
Function
RotaryGetPercentage(connName: AnalogConnName): number;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name.
Rotary Position Event
Check the angle of the rotary dial periodically and then execute the associated code block when a dial change occurs.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 18
Function
onRotaryEvent(connName: AnalogConnName, body: () => void): void;
Page 19
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name. This module can only be plugged into analog connector A0,A1 and A2.
EXAMPLE:
Display Rotary Angle Percentage
This example shows you how to get the current rotary angle percentage and display it on the LED screen.
Controlling the LED Screen – Smiley Face
When the rotary percentage is smaller than 50% no LEDs will be lit on the screen. When the percentage is larger than 50% the LEDs will light up in the form of a smiley face.
Rotary Change Notification – Smiley Face
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 19
Page 20
Module
Connect Type
Available Connectors
Mini Fan Module
Analog
A0, A1, A2
While rotating the rotary dial, the LED screen will display a smiley face. When the dial is stationary, no LEDs will be lit on screen.
e) Mini Fan Module
The mini fan module is designed to be used with the DC motor and Orbit Fan. The speed of the motor can be controlled according to different situations.
Image 3.4e – Mini Fan Module with DC Motor and Orbit Fan
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 20
Page 21
Block API
Control the Motor Speed
To change the speed of the motor/fan, adjust the second parameter value to a number within the range of 0 to 100.
Function
FanControl_1(connName:AnalogConnName , speed:number): void
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name.
‘Speed’ is the velocity of the motor; where 0 is used to stop the motor and 100 is
the fastest speed.
EXAMPLE:
Use the Button to Control Motor Speed
This example demonstrates how to use Button A and B to control the motor speed. Button A tells the motor to speed up and Button B tells the motor to slow down.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 21
Page 22
Module
Connect Type
Available Connectors
Speaker Module
Analog
A0
f) Speaker Module
The Speaker can be used to make a sound.
NOTE: As a default, the speaker is connected through pin P0 of the micro:bit, therefore it is important to connect the speaker module to Connector A0.
Image 3.4f – Speaker Module
EXAMPLE:
Play a Sound Through the Speaker
The speaker will cycle through three sounds/beats.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 22
Page 23
Module
Connect Type
Available Connectors
PIR Module
Digital IO
D12, D13, D14, D15
Parameter
Min.
Typical
Max.
Unit
Detection angle(solid angle)
- - 110
°
Detection range
- - 7
m
Delay time of high level
-
2.5 - s
g) PIR Sensor Module
This PIR (passive infrared sensor) module detects movement, usually human, within its range. When the PIR detects motion the modules acts like a switch, the signal line will change from low to high and then stay high for 3 seconds before dropping back to low.
Image 3.4g – PIR Sensor Module
Electrical Characteristics
Block API
Check the PIR status
Check whether the PIR module has been triggered or not. When the PIR module is triggered the signal line will be detected as high.
Function
PIRIsTriggered(connName: ConnName): boolean;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the connector's name.
PIR Detection Event
This code block configures the selected specified pin for a digital input and then executes the associated code block whenever the PIR is triggered (movement is detected).
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 23
Page 24
Function
onPIREvent(connName: ConnName, body: () => void): void;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the connector's name.
EXAMPLE:
Detecting Movement – Smiley Face
When the PIR detects a moving object, the LED screen will show a smiley face. When there is no movement detected within the PIR modules range no LEDs will be lit.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 24
Page 25
Module
Connect Type
Available Connectors
RGB LED
Digital IO
D12, D13, D14, D15
h) RGB LED Module
This module includes an LED that can display a number of different colors. The color and brightness can be programmed and are controlled by the greyscale value of red, green and blue.
Image 3.4h – RGB LED Module
Block API
Choose a Pre-Coded Color
The color the RGB LED displays can be selected.
Function
RGBChooseColor(connName: ConnName, color: MiNodeColor): void;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name.
‘Color’ is your choice of one color from the following pre-coded mi:node colors:
Red, Green, Blue, Yellow, Pink, Cyan or White.
Select Any Color
To change the color of the RGB, adjust the three greyscale values.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 25
Page 26
Function
RGBSetColor(connName: ConnName, red: number, green: number, blue: number): void;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name.
‘red’ is the greyscale value of red, ranging from 0 to 255.
‘green’ is the greyscale value of green, ranging from 0 to 255.
‘blue’ is the greyscale value of blue, ranging from 0 to 255.
EXAMPLE:
Use Button A and B to Display Pre-Coded Colors
When you press button A the RGB LED will light up red. Pressing Button B will cause the RGB LED to turn green.
Use Button A and B to Display Any Color
This example shows you how to set a specific color for Button A and B.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 26
Page 27
Module
Connect Type
Available Connectors
Switch Module
Digital IO
D12, D13, D14, D15
i) Switch Module
The switch module can used to switch between two options (ie. on/off).
Image 3.4i – Switch Module
Block API
Check the switch's status
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 27
Check whether the switch is open or closed.
Function
Page 28
switchIsOpened(connName: ConnName): boolean;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the connector's name.
Switch Event
This code block configures the specified pin for a digital input and then executes the associated code block whenever the switch is either opened or closed, as selected.
Function
onSwitchEvent(connName: ConnName, event: SwitchEvent, body: () => void): void;
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the analog connector's name.
‘SwitchEvent’ represent the status of switch; either open or closed.
EXAMPLE:
Switch Control – Smiley Face
If the switch is open the LED screen will show a smile face, if the switch if closed the LED screen will not be illuminated.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 28
Page 29
Display Switch Status
In this example we use the switch event to display the status of the switch, whether it is open or closed. When the switch is open the led screen will display the word 'Open'. When the switch is closed it will display the word 'Close'.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 29
Page 30
Module
Connect Type
Available Connectors
Relay Module
Digital IO
D12, D13, D14, D15
Parameter
Description
Contact Rating
NO:5A 250VAC/28VDC NC:3A 250VAC/28VDC
Operate Voltage ≤ V dc
2.25
Release Voltage ≥ V dc
0.3
j) Relay Module
The relay is an electrically operated switch. It is a digital switch that can be used to control high-voltage electrical devices, such as some home appliances. (up to a maximum of 250V).
*IMPORTANT: It can be dangerous to attach the relay module to an AC (110V/220V) device. Our purpose for this module is to illustrate how home appliances can be controlled. It is NOT necessary to connect a real appliance. A ‘clicking’ sound can be heard when the relay switches ON/OFF.
Image 3.4j – Relay Module
Electrical Characteristics
Block API
Set Relay Status
Use this code block to set the relay module's status to open or close.
Function
RelayControl(connName:ConnName , status:FanStatus): void
Parameters
‘ConnName’ is the connector's name.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 30
‘status’ is the status of the relay open or close.
Page 31
EXAMPLE:
Control the Relay using Button A and B
In this example pressing Button A will set the relay to the open position. Pressing Button B will set the relay to the closed position.
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 31
Page 32
4) Appendix
4.1 Microsoft MakeCode
Home: https://makecode.microbit.org Reference: https://makecode.microbit.org/reference MakeCode (PXT) Documentation: https://makecode.com/docs
4.2 Support
Website: https://www.element14.com/community/docs/DOC-87398 Github Repository: http://github.com/minodekit
User Manual V3.1
Element14 | element14.com/minode 32
Loading...
Buy Points How it Works FAQ Contact Us Questions and Suggestions Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Terms of Use