English
Elcometer 456
2
Coating Thickness Gauge
Basic Models
Operating Instructions
English
These instructions apply to the following
Elcometer 456
• Ferrous (F)
• Non-Ferrous (NF)
• Dual Ferrous/Non-Ferrous (FNF)
Equipment described in these instructions is
covered by the following Patents:
FNF UK Patent No: GB2306009B
FNF US Patent No: 5886522
F1 2 UK Patent No: 2367135B
F1 2 US Patent No. US 6,762,603
F1 2 German Patent Pending
2
models:
This product meets the emc directive
89/336/EEC, amended 92/31/EEC and
93/68/EEC.
trademarks of Elcometer Instruments Ltd.
and are registered
All other trademarks acknowledged.
© Copyright Elcometer Instruments Ltd. 2004-2005.
All rights reserved. No part of this Document may be
reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored (in a
retrieval system or otherwise) or translated into any
language, in any form or by any means (electronic,
mechanical, magnetic, optical, manual or otherwise)
without the prior written permission of
Elcometer Instruments Ltd.
Doc.No. TMA-0302 Issue 02
Text with Cover No: 18612
CONTENTS
Section Page
1 About your gauge................................................ 3
1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 What this box contains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.4 Conventions in these instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.5 Quick-start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Getting started ..................................................... 6
2.1 Fitting the batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2 Battery condition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3 Fitting probes (separate versions only) . . . . . . . . . 7
2.4 The controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.5 Switching the gauge on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.6 Switching the gauge off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.7 The screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.8 Selecting a language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.9 Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3 Taking a reading ................................................ 13
3.1 Before you start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.2 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4 The reading screen and menus........................ 14
4.1 Reading screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.2 Main MENU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.3 Main MENU - Extended menu off . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.4 Main MENU - Extended menu on . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5 Calibration adjustment...................................... 23
5.1 Calibration method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.2 Calibration foils and standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.3 Calibration adjustment procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6 Statistics............................................................. 32
6.1 Enlarge stats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
6.2 Stats on LCD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
6.3 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
6.4 Clear stats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
6.5 Select stats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
1
7 Probes ................................................................ 35
7.1 Ferrous (F) probes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.2 Non-ferrous (N) probes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.3 Dual ferrous/non-ferrous (FNF) probes . . . . . . . 35
7.4 Probe interchangeability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
7.5 F1 2 probes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.6 F1 2 High temperature PINIP™ probes . . . . . . . 37
7.7 Coatings on galvanised or metallised steel . . . . 37
8 Personalised welcome screen ......................... 38
9 Storage and transit............................................ 39
10 Maintenance....................................................... 39
11 Statistics terminology ....................................... 40
12 Technical data.................................................... 41
13 Accessories ....................................................... 43
14 Related equipment ............................................ 45
15 Fitting the wrist harness ................................... 45
16 Probe measurement performance ................... 46
17 Probe capabilities.............................................. 47
18 Error messages ................................................. 54
19 Index ................................................................... 56
2
hank you for your purchase of this Elcometer 456
Coating Thickness Gauge. Welcome to Elcometer.
T
Elcometer are world leaders in the design, manufacture
and supply of coatings inspection equipment. Our
products cover all aspects of coating inspection, from
development through application to post application
inspection.
The Elcometer 456
beating product. With the purchase of this gauge you
now have access to the worldwide service and support
network of Elcometer. For more information visit our
website at www.elcometer.com.
2
Coating Thickness Gauge is a world
1 ABOUT YOUR GAUGE
The Elcometer 4562 Coating Thickness Gauge is a
handheld gauge for fast and accurate measurement of
the thickness of coatings on metal substrates.
The gauge is available in
three versions; Basic,
Standard and Top. This
manual describes the
operation of the
Elcometer 456
All versions of the gauge
feature an easy-to-use
menu driven graphical
interface which guides the
user through tasks such as
gauge configuration and
calibration adjustment.
The gauge is available either with a built-in integral
probe or as a separate probe version. A wide range of
probes is available to suit requirements - see page 35.
Separate probes may be standard, miniature or Plug in
Integral Probes (PINIP™), and must be ordered
separately.
2
Basic.
R
Figure 1. Elcometer 4562
Coating Thickness Gauge
2
3
1.1 Features
• A range of smooth and rough surface calibration
adjustments.
• Menu driven backlit graphical user interface.
• Interchangeable probes (separate versions only).
• Simple statistics.
• Infrared interface.
1.2 Standards
The Elcometer 4562 can be used in accordance with the
following National and International Standards:
Ferrous (F) Non-Ferrous (NF)
BS 5411 (11) BS 5411 (3)
BS 3900 (C5) BS 3900 (C5)
ISO 2178 BS 5599
ISO 2808 ISO 2360
BS EN ISO 1461 ISO 2808
DIN 50981 DIN 50984
ASTM B 499 ASTM D 1400
ASTM D1186 ASTM B 244
ISO 19840
SSPC-PA2 (2004)
4
1.3 What this box contains
• Elcometer 4562 Gauge with integral probe, or
Elcometer 456
(probe must be ordered separately)
2
Gauge and separate probe
• Calibration foils
• Gauge carrying pouch
• Wrist harness
• Batteries
• Operating instructions
1.4 Conventions in these instructions
The Elcometer 4562 is controlled using a simple menu
structure which helps you get the most from your gauge
- see page 18.
As an example, the LANGUAGES option which is in
SETUP from the MAIN MENU would be shown in these
instructions as MENU/SETUP/LANGUAGES.
These instructions include images of Elcometer 456
screens with units set to microns (µm). Similar screens
will be seen when the gauge is set to other units such as
mils or inches.
1.5 Quick-start
To quickly configure the gauge and start taking readings:
1. Fit batteries: see page 6
2. Fit probe (separate versions only): see page 7
3. Switch on: see page 9
4. Select language: see page 11
5. Try taking a reading: see page 13
6. Adjust calibration: see page 23
The gauge is now configured and ready to use.
To maximise the benefits of your new
Elcometer 456
Operating Instructions. Do not hesitate to contact
Elcometer or your Elcometer supplier if you have any
questions.
2
, please take some time to read these
2
5
2 GETTING STARTED
2.1 Fitting the batteries
1. Open battery compartment cover; press down in
direction of arrow using thumb nail.
2. Insert 2 x LR03 (AAA), alkaline dry batteries taking
care to ensure correct battery polarity (Figure 2).
3. Close battery compartment cover.
Rechargeable batteries can be used but they will only
have 25% to 30% of the life of alkaline batteries.
Figure 2. Fitting batteries -
ensure correct battery polarity
2.2 Battery condition.
Symbol Battery condition/action required
100%
66% to 100%
33% to 66%, replacement recommended.
16% to 33%, replacement required.
<16%, gauge beeps every 10 seconds and
symbol flashes - immediate replacement
required.
5 loud beeps, gauge switches off
automatically.
6
2.3 Fitting probes (separate versions only)
To ensure correct transfer of data from the
probe and detection of the new probe, the
gauge must be switched off when
A probe must be calibrated once it has been fitted see “Calibration adjustment” on page 23.
2.3.1 To fit the probe
Align connector keyway and push
in direction shown. The connector
locks automatically.
Note: The design of the probe
connector allows some movement
between the probe and the gauge.
This is intentional and does not
affect measurement performance.
2.3.2 To release the probe
Grasp knurled section and pull
gently away from the gauge. The
connection will unlock and the
probe will release.
2.3.3 To fit the PINIP™
Twist the PINIP™ until the
connector locates. Taking
care not to cross the
threads, lock the probe by
turning the locking ring 1½
times clockwise, or until
tight.
separate probes are fitted.
7
2.4 The controls
The gauge is operated by 5 keys (Figure 3).
• On/Off key : Switches the gauge on or off.
• Softkeys: The function of these keys varies and is
described by symbols and writing on the bottom line
of the screen.
• LED: Red/green flashes when the gauge is switched
on, green flashes when a reading is taken.
LED
Softkeys
R
On/Off key
2
Figure 3. Elcometer 456
control keys
8
2.5 Switching the gauge on
Gauges with separate
and PINIP™ probes:
Press key to switch
on gauge.
R
Gauges with integral
probes:
Press key to switch
on gauge, or place the
probe on a surface.
Note: Before switching the gauge on for the first time
read “Selecting a language” on page 11.
09 : 30 09 / 1 0 / 20 00
456
CAL DATA STATS MEN U
F1
F
µm
R
2.6 Switching the gauge off
To switch off all gauge
types, press and hold
key for 3 seconds.
The gauge will beep,
two single tones
followed by a double
tone.
The Elcometer 456
the last operation unless the Auto Switch Off time is
changed (MENU/SETUP/AUTO SWITCH OFF). The
Auto Switch Off feature can be set to a maximum of 10
minutes or can be deactivated - see “AUTO SWITCH
OFF:” on page 21.
2
switches itself off 60 seconds after
3 seconds
R
9
2.7 The screen
Familiarise yourself with the Elcometer 4562 screen. The
screen displays:
• Welcome information
• Measurement information
• Menus to configure the gauge and control functions
• Help and miscellaneous information
When the gauge is switched on a welcome information
screen may be displayed briefly (Figure 4).
2
Figure 4. Typical Elcometer 456
The screen where readings are displayed is called the
Reading Screen (Figure 5). The reading screen can also
include statistics if this option is selected.
welcome screen
Figure 5. Typical Elcometer 456
10
2
reading screen
2.8 Selecting a language
The Elcometer 4562 has over 20 built-in languages.
When the gauge is switched on for the first time after
dispatch from the Elcometer factory the display will show
the language selection screen (Figure 6).
Figure 6. Language selection screen
2.8.1 At first switch on
1. Press Up/Down softkeys to locate language
required.
2. Press SEL softkey to activate the selected
language.
The screen displays an Elcometer 456
screen (Figure 4) followed by the reading screen
(Figure 5).
The gauge operates in the new language until
changed.
2
welcome
2.8.2 At any time
1. Switch gauge off.
2. Press and hold left hand softkey.
3. Press key to switch on gauge.
The display will show language selection screen
with current language highlighted by cursor.
4. Release left hand softkey.
Follow the instructions given in 2.8.1.
Alternatively, select MENU/SETUP/LANGUAGES - see
“Main MENU - Extended menu on” on page 18.
11
2.9 Interfaces
The gauge is fitted with an infrared interface (Figure 7)
which allows information to be sent to a suitable printer.
RS232 5-pin
connector
Figure 7. Infrared and RS232 interfaces
The RS232 5-pin connector next to the infrared interface
is used with an optional PC connection cable to connect
the gauge to a PC. This enables personalised screens to
be downloaded to the gauge (see “Personalised
welcome screen” on page 38).
Infrared interface
12
3 TAKING A READING
3.1 Before you start
• Are you using the correct type of probe?
See “Probes” on page 35.
• Is the probe calibrated?
See “Calibration adjustment” on page 23.
• Do you require statistics?
See “Statistics” on page 32.
• What units of measurement do you want to use?
See “UNITS:” on page 21.
3.2 Procedure
1. Press key to switch on gauge.
2. Place probe on surface to be measured. The
reading may be inaccurate if the probe is not
held as shown in Figure 8.
09 : 30 09 / 1 0 / 20 00
F1
F
456
µm
R
CAL DATA STATS MEN U
R
Separate probe Integral probe
Figure 8. Taking a reading
3. Reading is displayed on screen (Figure 9).
Figure 9. Typical reading
13
4 THE READING SCREEN AND MENUS
4.1 Reading screen
The content of the reading screen (Figure 10, Figure 11)
depends upon the type of measurement being made and
how the gauge is set up.
Automatic-switching
probe symbol
(FNF probes only)
Battery
symbol
Cal
Method
symbol
Figure 10. Example of reading screen with smooth
surface calibration method selected
CAL.
Operates selected calibration adjustment method.
MENU.
This opens the main MENU of the gauge and
provides access to user-selectable features - see
page 18.
Note: If CAL softkey symbol is flashing the gauge should
be recalibrated. This is due to the calibration adjustment
method having been changed or a probe change - see
“Calibration adjustment” on page 23.
Figure 11. Reading screen in extended mode and
showing full set of statistical values.
Substrate
Units
Softkey
function/
symbol
14
4.2 Main MENU
Gauge configuration and measurement functions are
controlled using menus (Figure 12). The structure of the
menus is shown on page 18.
Menu title
Menu contents
Softkey functions
2
Figure 12. Typical Elcometer 456
Some screens allow the status of a feature to be
changed e.g. on to off or select or deselect, etc. A tick
box indicates this type of feature. A tick against a
menu item indicates the function is activated or selected.
SEL softkey selects the option displayed and in some
cases toggles the status of a tick box off/on.
Up/Down softkeys K L move the cursor to the menu item
required. The menus scroll up/down and a line across
the screen indicates the start and end of the menu.
BACK softkey returns the gauge to a previous screen.
Holding this softkey down will rapidly exit from any menu
and return to the reading screen.
4.2.1 Simple and extended menus
The Elcometer 456
structures:
Extended menu off (simple menu mode): The gauge
is shipped from the Elcometer factory with EXTENDED
MENU turned off. In this simple menu mode the gauge
can be calibrated and used to take measurements. This
is the ideal setting for users who do not require access
to advanced features of the gauge.
Extended menu on (extended menu mode): Additional
items are automatically added to the MENU and the
STATS softkey is activated. These give access to more
advanced functions such as statistics, calibration
method, print/output, setup, etc.
2
Basic Gauge has two menu
menu
15
4.3 Main MENU - Extended menu off
Figure 13. Main menu - extended menu off
4.3.1 BACKLIGHT
Switches backlight on and off. Toggle tick box to
activate/deactivate. With BACKLIGHT activated the
display is illuminated for approximately 5 seconds when
a reading is taken or a key pressed.
Note: The battery life is reduced by about one third
when the backlight is activated.
4.3.2 CALIBATION LOCKED
Protects against inadvertent calibration adjustment.
Toggle tick box to activate/deactivate. If CAL softkey is
pressed while CALIBRATION LOCKED is activated the
gauge displays CALIBRATION LOCKED USE MENU
TO UNLOCK. The message disappears after 3 seconds.
4.3.3 Extended MENU
Provides access to additional features. Toggle tick box
to activate/deactivate. See “Main MENU - Extended
menu on” on page 18.
4.3.4 ABOUT
Provides information on Gauge, Probe, Contact
information and Help (Figure 14):
GAUGE INFORMATION:
software versions, etc.
PROBE INFORMATION:
CONTACT:
if programmed, the contact details for the Supplier or
Local Distributor.
Details of Elcometer offices worldwide and,
Elcometer 4562 model,
Probe type, range, etc.
16
HELP:
Explains symbols used on Elcometer 456
display screens.
Figure 14. About menu
4.3.5 RESET
Selects Factory Calibration or Gauge resets. The
RESET menu option (Figure 15) allows one of three
gauge resets to be selected:
FACT ORY CA L:
settings created at time of manufacture of the probe.
Factory calibration will not necessarily restore precise
calibration values. The calibration of the gauge should
be adjusted before use, or at least checked to ensure
that it has been previously adjusted correctly for the
conditions of use.
INTL GAUGEa:
settings e.g. DD/MM/YY date format and metric units.
US GAUGEb:
e.g. MM/DD/YY date format and imperial units.
Returns gauge to calibration
Resets gauge to International default
Resets gauge to USA default settings
2
A confirmation screen will be displayed. Press YES to
reset, NO to cancel.
a. International settings can also be activated at
switch on. Press and hold softkey 3 and switch
on gauge.
b. US settings can also be activated at switch on.
Press and hold softkey 4 and switch on gauge.
Figure 15. Reset menu
17
4.4 Main MENU - Extended menu on To toggle EXTENDED MENU on/off select
MENU/EXTENDED MENU/SEL
PRINT /OUTPUT
Current statistics
DELETE
MENU
Backlig ht
Calibra tion locked
Extended menu
Print/ Output
Delete
Cal method
Setup
About
Reset
STATS
Enlarge stats
Stats on LCD
Display F1
Clear stats
Select s tats
CAL
Probe calibration
z
z
z
z
z
z
Last reading
CAL METHOD
Smooth
2 Point
Rough
Special su b
Zero offset
Set offse t
SETUP
Statist ics
Probe
Units
Output
Beep volume 3
Langu ages
Auto sw itch off 1
Opening screen
ABOUT
Gauge information
Probe information
Contact
Help
RESET
Factory cal
Intl g auge
US gauge
z
z
18
STATISTICS
Softkey enabled
Select stats
Display F1
OUTPUT
Infra red printer
z
SELECT STATS
No. of readings
Mean
Std devia tion
Coef of variat’n
Highest reading
Lowest reading
19
The following features are added to the MENU when
EXTENDED MENU is active:
4.4.1 PRINT/OUTPUT
Outputs the statistical summary to the infrared interface
for printing on a suitable printer.
The Elcometer 456
Infrared printer interface and is programmed to work with
the Elcometer Infrared Portable Printer.
Other Infrared printers with different print protocols may
not be supported. Consult your local Elcometer supplier.
2
Basic version is fitted with an
To use this function first setup to print to infrared printer:
MENU/SETUP/OUTPUT/INFRA RED PRINTER - see
“SETUP” on page 21.
Elcometer 456
summary to be printed to the infrared printer.
2
Basic allows only the current statistical
4.4.2 DELETE
Deletes last reading only. Gauge displays ARE YOU
SURE? (Figure 16).
Figure 16. Delete last reading confirmation screen
Press NO softkey to include reading in statistical
summary or YES softkey to delete reading.
If there is no reading to delete, the gauge displays:
Figure 17. Delete last reading not available screen
Press OK to return to Delete menu.
20
4.4.3 CAL METHOD
Allows selection of calibration method from list of options
- see “Calibration method” on page 23 for more details.
4.4.4 SETUP
Used to select, change or activate gauge features:
STATISTICS:
Stats softkey on/off.
Select stats - see “Select stats” on page 34.
Display - see “Display” on page 33.
PROBE:
Changes probe mode.
FNF probes - select from Automatic, F or N.
F1 2 probes - select from F1 or F2.
UNITS:
however the user can manually override the automatic
setting. Select from µm, mm, mil, thou or inch.
OUTPUT:
interface. Toggle tick box to activate/deactivate. When
activated, readings are sent to the infrared portable
printer as they are taken. See “Infrared portable printer”
on page 44 for sales part number of this optional
accessory.
BEEP VOLUME:
•0 = off
• 5 = loudest
• Default = 3
LANGUAGES:
AUTO SWITCH OFF:
switches off when displaying Reading Screen.
• Minimum = 1 minute
• Maximum = 10 minutes
• Default = 1 minute
Auto switch off may be disabled by selecting ‘off’ (In this
case, switch off using On/Off key .)
Activates simple statistics feature.
Only for dual function probes (FNF and F1 2).
Units are automatically set by the probe type,
Activates data output via the infrared
Changes volume.
Allows selection of language.
Changes delay before gauge
21
OPENING SCREEN:
screens so that the gauge switches on to display the
reading screen.
If a personalised welcome screen has been downloaded
into the gauge (see page 38), Opening Screen must be
activated to display this screen.
Disables the opening (welcome)
22
5 CALIBRATION ADJUSTMENT
Calibration adjustment is the process of setting the
gauge to known values of thickness to ensure accuracy
on different substrate types, shapes and surface
finishes.
Note: When using an FNF probe it must be calibrated in
both the ferrous mode and in the non-ferrous mode to
ensure accuracy of reading.
5.1 Calibration method
The calibration of the gauge can be adjusted
(MENU/CAL METHOD) using several different methods
described in National and International Standards.
The calibration adjustment method chosen is dependant
on the condition of the substrate to be measured and is
indicated on the screen by a symbol (Figure 18):
Figure 18. CAL METHOD screen
SMOOTH.
is set to zero on the uncoated surface and a known
thickness above the expected thickness of the coating.
2POINT.
either side of the expected thickness. This enhances the
accuracy of the gauge over the thickness range defined
by the two values.
ROUGH.
enhances the accuracy of the gauge over the thickness
range defined by the two values.
SPECIAL SUB.
calibration for unusual substrate materials such as cast
iron, certain types of stainless steel, high carbon steel,
special aluminium alloys, etc.
ZERO OFFSET.
ISO 19840 for coatings on steel surfaces roughened by
Smooth surface calibration where the gauge
Calibration on a thin value and a thick value
A calibration method similar to 2-Point. This
This method uses the 2-Point
This is the method described in
23
blast cleaning. The calibration uses the smooth surface
technique, and a correction value (zero offset) is applied
to each reading to account for the effect of the
roughened surface; the value depends on the surface
profile - see Table 1.
SET OFFSET.
for different surface roughness This value is used only
with the Zero Offset calibration method.
Table 1: Correction values as detailed in ISO 19840
Note: When the calibration method is changed, e.g. from
Smooth to Rough, the gauge will display a message
(Figure 19).
If the NO softkey is pressed the CAL softkey symbol on
the Readings Screen will flash to warn that calibration
adjustment is still required.
If the YES softkey is pressed the calibration adjustment
procedure is activated - see “Calibration adjustment
procedure” on page 26.
This screen sets and changes the offset
Profile according
to ISO 8503-1
Fine 10
Medium 25
Coarse 40
Figure 19. Recalibration required screen
Correction Value
(µm) (Zero Offset)
5.2 Calibration foils and standards
Calibration adjustment should be carried out with the
appropriate probe on the same type of metal, the same
curvature and similar finish to the item to be measured.
24
It is best to use an uncoated sample of the items to be
tested.
Calibration can be carried out using measured foils or
coated standards.
Foils (shims) .
which have been measured using techniques
independent of the gauge. They are ideal for calibration
because they provide a known value of thickness on the
actual substrate to be measured. Calibration certificates
for foils are available upon request.
When using foils care must be taken to keep the foils
clean and free from dust and to avoid damage by
creasing particularly the thinner foils. Always remove a
foil from its storage wallet before use.
When calibrating a High Temperature PINIP™ Probe
use the special thickness standards supplied with the
probe - see “Calibrating High Temperature PINIP™
Probes” on page 31.
Note: To calibrate 5 mm (200 mils) and 13 mm
(500 mils) range gauges it will be necessary to stack the
foils (Figure 20). Care must be taken to avoid errors due
to placing the foil labels between the foils.
These are coating thickness standards
Serial no.
TK1009
Inspected by
micron mils/thou
502 19.75
TK1010
micron mils/thou
Serial no.
Inspected by
176.1 6.93
Figure 20. Stacking foils to increase thickness
Coated standards.
substrate materials coated with hardwearing materials
and measured using techniques independent of the
gauge.
Thickness standards using typical
25
Coated standards are most often used to confirm that the
gauge meets its specifications if it is not possible to use
foils (shims).
5.3 Calibration adjustment procedure
Calibration adjustment can be carried out at any time by
pressing CAL softkey from the reading screen. To
prevent inadvertent calibration adjustment the CAL
softkey can be locked (MENU/CALIBRATION
LOCKED).
The user is guided through the operation of the chosen
calibration procedure by means of instructions and
illustrations on the graphics screen. Audible warnings
are also provided when action is required, e.g. when the
probe must be placed down to get a reading.
If the routine is interrupted in any way the previous
settings will be restored until after the full calibration
routine has been completed or the reset has been
completed.
The screen detail depends on the calibration method
chosen, but the calibration is in two steps.
The following example is for a Smooth Calibration
adjustment.
Step 1
1. Hold probe in air and press CAL softkey (Figure 21).
Figure 21. Step 1 - on thickness standard
ESC softkey returns the gauge to the Reading
Screen from the Calibration Procedure without
making any changes.
TEST softkey allows the user to take readings to
verify the accuracy of the current calibration. These
readings do not affect statistical calculations.
26
2. Place probe on calibration standard. The gauge will
display a reading.
3. Lift probe and then replace on calibration standard.
Gauge displays the average ( ) of these readings
and the last reading. Repeat this action until a
stable reading is obtained.
Average
First reading Second reading
Figure 22. Step 1 - Calibration adjustment on
To reject the displayed reading and start the
calibration procedure again, press both the Up and
Down softkeys at the same time.
To adjust the displayed reading until it is correct
relative to the thickness standard use the Up/Down
softkeys.
4. Press SET softkey to accept the value.
Note: - - - indicates over-range (Figure 23). Taking a
reading within range clears this screen.
Step 2
1. Place probe on uncoated standard or zero plate.
The gauge will take and display a reading.
2. Lift probe and then replace on uncoated standard or
zero plate. Gauge displays the average ( ) of these
thickness standard
Figure 23. Over-range reading
Last
27
readings and the last reading. Repeat this action
until a stable reading is obtained.
First reading Second reading
Figure 24. Step 2 - Calibration adjustment on
To reject the displayed reading and start Step 2 of
the calibration procedure again, press the Reset
softkey .
3. Press ZERO softkey to zero the display (Figure 25).
4. Press SET softkey to accept this value.
The gauge will display the option to test the
calibration of the gauge.
5. Either press NO softkey to complete the calibration
adjustment procedure and return the gauge to the
reading screen, or proceed to take test readings see “Taking test readings” on page 29.
uncoated sample
Figure 25. Zero the display
Figure 26. TEST READINGS screen
28
Taking test readings
Press YES softkey (see previous section) to take test
readings. This allows the calibration of the gauge to be
tested without contributing to the statistical calculations.
Figure 27. TEST READINGS screen
CAL softkey returns the gauge to Step 1 of the
calibration adjustment procedure.
OK softkey completes the calibration adjustment
procedure and returns the gauge to the reading screen.
Other calibration methods
For the 2-POINT, ROUGH and SPECIAL SUBSTRATE
calibration methods Step 2 requires readings to be taken
on a thin standard value instead of on an uncoated base.
Figure 28. Step 2 - On thin standard
Repeating the reading will display the average. This is
particularly useful for rough surfaces as it allows
variations in the surface to be accounted for in the
29
calibration adjustment, therefore improving the accuracy
of the gauge.
First reading Second reading
Figure 29. Step 2 - Calibration adjustment on thin
standard
30
Calibrating High Temperature PINIP™ Probes
Special thickness standards are supplied with F1 2 High
Temperature PINIP™ Probes - see page 37. These
thickness standards should be used in place of the
calibration standard in Step 1 of “Calibration adjustment
procedure” on page 26.
1. Place appropriate thickness standard over end of
PINIP™ probe.
2. Press CAL softkey.
3. Place probe on hot
4. Lift probe and then replace on hot surface to take
second reading.
5. Repeat as necessary until reading is stable.
6. Press SET to accept value.
7. Remove thickness standard from end of PINIP™
probe.
8. Proceed with Step 2 - see page 27.
c
surface and take a reading.
c. The temperature of the surface used for
calibration should be equal to the temperature of
the substrate being measured.
31
6 STATISTICS
The Elcometer 4562 Basic has a Simple Statistics feature
(STATS) which calculates and displays a statistical
analysis of readings as they are taken.
When EXTENDED MENU is active (MENU/EXTENDED
MENU/SEL), press STATS softkey to access STATS
MENU (Figure 30).
Figure 30. Stats menu
The statistical values available are:
• Number of Readings
• Mean
• Standard Deviation
• Coefficient of Variation
• Highest Reading
• Lowest Reading
See “Select stats” on page 34 and “Statistics
terminology” on page 40.
If you require statistics in batches, or memory for
readings, Elcometer 456
provide this facility. Contact Elcometer or your local
Elcometer supplier for more details.
2
models Standard and Top
6.1 ENLARGE STATS
Displays the chosen statistical values as double-height
characters. The example screens (Figure 31) appear
when all the statistical values are selected. The
32
Up/Down softkeys can be used to move through the list.
OK softkey returns to the Reading Screen.
Figure 31. Enlarged statistics
6.2 STATS ON LCD
Activates the presentation of the chosen statistical
values on the reading screen.
Combined
statistics
symbol
Figure 32. Reading screen with all statistics
6.3 DISPLAY
Only applies when using dual function probes. Allows
selection of the types of readings used in the statistical
calculation when a dual function probe is connected.
Probe Options
FNF F, N or F and N combined
F1 2 F1, F2 or F1 and F2 combined
d
d
6.4 CLEAR STATS
Resets to zero all statistical values selected in
STATS MENU/DISPLAY.
d.When readings are combined a symbol will be
displayed on the Reading Screen (Figure 32).
33
6.5 SELECT STATS
Allows the user to chose which statistical values are
displayed. The default condition is all values (Figure 33).
Figure 33. Select stats menu
Use Up/Down softkeys to move cursor and SEL softkey
to select or deselect the statistical values.
34
7 PROBES
An extensive range of probes is available for the
Elcometer 456
ferrous (F), non-ferrous (N) and dual ferrous/non-ferrous
(FNF) operation are available as either integral (built-in)
or separate options.
Separate probes are fully interchangeable and are
available in standard, PINIP™ and miniature formats.
PINIP™ format (Plug-In Integral Probe) is an integral
style probe which plugs in to a separate gauge. This
provides all the benefits of an integral gauge and the
flexibility of a separate gauge in a single unit.
Miniature separate probes permit measurements where
space is restricted.
2
Coating Thickness Gauge. Probes for
7.1 Ferrous (F) probes
F probes measure the thickness of non-magnetic
coatings on magnetic substrates. They can be used on
paint, plastic, galvanising, enamel, powder paint, hard
chrome and other coatings such as electro-less nickel
applied to steel or iron.
7.2 Non-ferrous (N) probes
N probes measure the thickness of non-magnetic
coatings on non-magnetic metals. They can be used on
anodising, paint, plastic coatings, powder paint, etc.
applied to aluminium, brass, non-magnetic stainless
steel, etc.
e
7.3 Dual ferrous/non-ferrous (FNF) probes
FNF probes are dual function, F and N in one probe. FNF
gauges will automatically detect the type of substrate
and set the mode accordingly. Alternatively the mode
can be set manually - see “PROBE:” on page 21 and
“Coatings on galvanised or metallised steel” on page 37.
e. Using an N probe (or an FNF probe manually set
to N1) on a ferrous substrate will give a reading,
but the reading will be incorrect.
35
7.4 Probe interchangeability
The following table shows which probes can be used in
the three types of Elcometer 456
2
Gauge.
Probe type Gauge Type
FNFNF
F1 * 989
F2 * 989
F1 2 * 989
F3 * 989
F1 right angle 989
F2 right angle 989
F1 2 right angle 989
F1 telescopic 989
F2 telescopic 989
F1 PINIP™ 989
FERROUS
F2 PINIP™ 989
F1 2 PINIP™ High Temp 989
F3 PINIP™ 989
F3 miniature straight 989
F3 miniature 45° 989
F3 miniature 90° 989
N1 * 899
N2 899
N1 right angle 899
N1A anodiser’s 899
N1 PINIP™ 899
N3 miniature straight 899
NON-FERROUS
N3 miniature 45° 899
N3 miniature 90° 899
FNF1 * 889
FNF1 right angle 889
DUAL
FNF PINIP™ 889
* indicates probes available for integral type gauges.
36
7.5 F1 2 probes
The F1 2 scale combines the F1 scale with the F2 scale
in a single probe. The user selects the appropriate range
for the work in hand. The resolution of the gauge is
dependent on the scale selected on the gauge.
7.6 F1 2 High temperature PINIP™ probes
These probes are capable of measuring on
surfaces up to 250°C (480°F). Wear
appropriate protective clothing and take
care to avoid bodily contact with the hot
Do not exceed the maximum measurement speed when
using these probes - see page 41.
Note: Refer to special calibration procedure - see
“Calibrating High Temperature PINIP™ Probes” on
page 31.
surface during measurement.
7.7 Coatings on galvanised or metallised steel
The FNF probe in fixed N1 mode may be used to
measure paint coatings on galvanised, aluminium (Al) or
zinc (Zn) sprayed steel substrates.
1. Set the gauge to the N1 mode
(MENU/SETUP/PROBE).
2. Zero and calibrate the gauge on a sample of the
coated steel - see “Calibration adjustment” on
page 23.
Care must be taken to ensure that the calibration
conditions are not affected by changes in the zinc or
aluminium coating thickness. This can be
determined by checking the zero over an area of the
galvanised or metal-coated steel. Metal coatings on
steel above 50 µm (2 mil/thou) should be consistent
enough to obtain a stable zero on the layer of metal.
3. Take readings.
37
8 PERSONALISED WELCOME SCREEN
A personalised welcome screen can be created and
downloaded into the gauge.
Screen dimensions are 128 pixels x 64 pixels. The
welcome screen is typically used to personalise the
gauge with a logo, serial number, user name, etc. This is
the first screen displayed when the gauge is switched on.
8.1 Creating the screen
1. Download Elcometer ‘Welcome Screen Wizard’
software. This software is available free of charge
from the downloads section of the Elcometer
website, www.elcometer.com.
2. Connect gauge to PC using optional 456 to PC
connection cable - see “PC Connection Cable” on
page 44.
3. Press key to switch on gauge.
4. Ensure Reading Screen is displayed.
5. Run ‘Welcome Screen Wizard’ software and follow
the on-screen instructions.
8.2 Deleting the screen
1. Run the ‘Welcome Screen Wizard’ software.
2. Click ‘Next’.
3. Select ‘Create a new screen setup’.
4. Click ‘Next’.
5. Select ‘Disabled’.
6. Click ‘Next’.
Follow the remaining on-screen instructions to delete the
welcome screen.
38
9 STORAGE AND TRANSIT
This gauge incorporates a Liquid Crystal
Display (LCD). If the display is heated
above 50°C (120°F) it may be damaged.
This can happen if the gauge is left in a car
Always store the gauge in its carrying pouch when it is
not being used.
Remove the batteries from the gauge and store them
separately if the gauge is to remain unused for a long
period of time. This will prevent damage to the gauge in the
event of malfunction of the batteries.
parked in strong sunlight.
10 MAINTENANCE
You own one of the finest hand-held coating thickness
gauges in the world. If looked after, it will last a lifetime.
The gauge does not contain any user-serviceable
components. In the unlikely event of a fault, the gauge
should be returned to your local Elcometer supplier or
directly to Elcometer. Contact details are stored in the
gauge - MENU/ABOUT/CONTACT.
Worldwide: sales@elcometer.com
Or USA/Canada: inc@elcometer.com
Note: Probes will eventually wear. Probe life will
depend on the number of measurements taken and
how abrasive the coating is. Probe life can be
prolonged by careful positioning of the probe on the
surface.
Replacement separate and PINIP™ probes can be
fitted by the user without the need to return the
gauge for service.
Gauges with an integral probe have to be returned
for re-programming or replacement if the probe
becomes worn or damaged.
39
11 STATISTICS TERMINOLOGY
Term Meaning
COEF OF VARIAT’N Coefficient of Variation. The
HIGHEST READING The value of the maximum
LOWEST READING The value of the minimum
MEAN The average of a group of
NO. OF READINGS Number of Readings. The
STD DEVIATION Standard Deviation. A
standard deviation divided by
the mean for a group of
readings, expressed as a
percentage.
thickness in a group of
readings.
thickness in a group of
readings.
readings; the sum of the
individual readings divided by
the number of readings.
running value for the number of
readings taken in a group. In
the case of the averaging or
counted average, the Number
of Readings is the number of
values recorded, not the total
number of readings taken.
statistical measure of the
spread of values in a group of
readings.
40
12 TECHNICAL DATA
12.1 Measurement speed
>60 readings per minute.
This rate is reduced to >40 readings per minute when
Infrared printer output is active - see “OUTPUT:” on
page 21.
When measuring high temperature materials
measurement speed must be reduced to prevent
overheating of the probe. The maximum measurement
speed of the High Temperature PINIP™ probe at 250°C
(480°F) is 4 readings per minute.
12.2 Minimum substrate thickness
Ferrous: 300 µm (12 mils)
Non-ferrous: 100 µm (4 mils)
Measurements can be taken on thinner substrates if
2-point calibration is carried out either side of the
required substrate thickness, however gauges will have
reduced range when adjusted for thin substrates.
12.3 Probe operating temperature
Separate ferrous probes: 150°C (300°F)
High temperature PINIP™ probes: 250°C (480°F)
Miniature probes without outer sleeve: 150°C (300°F)
All other probes: 80°C (176°F)
12.4 Physical
Weight
(including
batteries):
Dimensions: 130 mm x 70 mm x 35 mm
Gauge
operating
temperature:
Case: High impact ABS
Separate Probe (FNF1), 190g (6.7oz)
Separate Probe (PINIP™), 155g (5.5oz)
Integral Probe, 130g (4.6oz)
(5.12" x 2.76" x 1.38")
0°C to 50°C (32°F to 120°F)
Operation outside these limits depends
upon climatic conditions.
41
12.5 Power supply
Internal batteries, 2 x LR03 (AAA), alkalinef dry batteries
or rechargeable
Battery life
h
hours to 40 hours continuous use with alkaline dry
30
batteries. (15 000 to 20 000 readings at an average of 8
readings per minute.) Battery life is reduced by one third
when using the backlight.
g
equivalents.
12.6 Packaging
The gauge is packed in cardboard and plastic
packaging. Please ensure that this packaging is
disposed of in an environmentally sensitive manner.
Consult your Local Environmental Authority for further
guidance.
f. Alkaline batteries must be disposed of carefully to
avoid environmental contamination. Please consult
your local environmental authority for information
on disposal in your region.
Do not dispose of any batteries in fire.
g.Rechargeable batteries can be used if they are
charged outside the gauge.
h.Battery life is reduced to approximately 25% of dry
battery life when using rechargeable batteries.
Follow the instructions provided by the battery
manufacturer when charging and disposing of
rechargeable batteries.
42
13 ACCESSORIES
The Elcometer 4562 is complete with all the items
required to get started and take measurements.
Many of the following accessories are optional.
However, some are consumable items that may need to
be replaced over the lifetime of the gauge.
All these accessories are available from Elcometer, or
your local Elcometer supplier. At time of ordering please
quote the sales part number which follows the
description of each accessory.
13.1 Consumable items
Alkaline LR03 (AAA) Battery
(2 required):
T9999329-
13.2 Probes
Full details of the extensive range of 456 probes can be
obtained from Elcometer, your local Elcometer supplier
or the Elcometer website, www.elcometer.com.
13.3 Foil sets
2.2 mm (85 mils) 8 pieces: T9904199F
1.3 mm (51 mils) 3 pieces: T9904199G
5.5 mm (220 mils) 4 pieces: T9904199J
15 mm (595 mils) 4 pieces: T9904199K
Individual foils in the range 12.5 µm to 20 mm (0.5 mil to
790 mils) and customised sets chosen from this range
are also available. Consult your local Elcometer supplier.
13.4 Calibration certificates for foils
Certificates traceable to National Standards including
UKAS and NIST are available on request.
13.5 Test certificates
A certificate with results of a standard test on known foil
values over the full range of the probe. Order using sales
part number TEST-456.
43
13.6 Coated thickness standards including certificate
Ferrous Standard (4 Values): T995111261
Non-Ferrous Standard (4 Values): T995111271
Ferrous Standard (2 Values): T995166001
Non-Ferrous Standard (2 Values): T995166011
13.7 Probe placement jig
To aid probe positioning on small components a probe
placement jig is available and an adapter suitable for use
with the full range of miniature probes is also available
as an accessory.
Probe placement jig: T95012880
13.8 Probe adapters
Jumbo Hand Grip (F and N probes): T9997766Jumbo Hand Grip (FNF probes): T99913225
V Adapter for pipes (F & N probes): T9997381V Adapter for pipes (FNF probes): T99913133
13.9 Infrared portable printer
Infrared Portable Printer: X45613877
Thermal Printer Paper: T99913878
13.10 Bench Stands
Integral Probe Version: T45616161
Integral/Separate Probe Version: T45616162
13.11 PC Connection Cable
456 to PC Connection Cable (9-pin): T45616217
Note: A 9-pin to 25-pin adapter may be required for certain
PC RS232 ports.
44
14 RELATED EQUIPMENT
Elcometer produces a wide range of coating thickness
gauges and associated paint inspection equipment.
Users of the Elcometer 456
following Elcometer products:
2
may also benefit from the
• Uncured powder thickness gauges
• Coatings analyser
• Inspection management software
• Mechanical coatings thickness gauges
• Appearance testers
• Adhesion testers
For further information contact Elcometer, your local
Elcometer supplier or visit www.elcometer.com
15 FITTING THE WRIST HARNESS
1. Pass harness
round pin
2. Pass harness
through loop
3. Pull tight
45
a
Resolution in range
0 µm to 99.9 µm
100 µm to 1500 µm
0 mil to 4.99 mils
5 mils to 60 mils
0 mm to 0.99 mm
1.0 mm to 5.0 mm
0 mil to 49.9 mils
50 mils to 200 mils
0 mm to 1.99 mm
2 mm to 13 mm
0 mil to 99.9 mils
100 mils to 500 mils
0 µm to 99.9 µm
100 µm to 500 µm
0 mil to 3.99 mils
4 mils to 10 mils
1.0 µm
0.1 mil
10 µm
1mil
10 µm
1mil
1.0 µm
0.1 mil
0 µm to 1500 µm ±1% to ±3% or ±2.5 µm 0.1 µm
0 mil to 60 mils ±1% to ±3% or ±0.1 mil 0.01 mil
0 mm to 5.0 mm ±1% to ±3% or ±0.02 mm 1.0 µm
0 mil to 200 mils ±1% to ±3% or ±1 mil 0.1 mil
0 mil to 500 mils ±1% to ±3% or ±2.0 mils 0.1 mil
0 µm to 500 µm ±1% to ±3% or ±2.5 µm 0.1 µm
0 mil to 10 mils ±1% to ±3% or ±1.0 mil 0.01 mil
16 PROBE MEASUREMENT PERFORMANCE
46
Scale Total range Accuracy
F1
F1 2 (F1 mode)
FNF1
N1, N1A
F2
F1 2 (F2 mode)
N2
F3 0 mm to 13 mm ±1% to ±3% or ±0.05 mm 1.0 µm
FM3
a.Whichever is the greater. Lower value achieved when calibrated close to the thickness to be measured.
NM3
a
Cal foil value
Minimum
sample
Headroom
Minimum
concave
Minimum
convex surface
diameter
surface radius
4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 130 mm (5.1”) 4 mm (0.16”) 250 µm (10 mil)
4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 135 mm (5.3”) 8 mm (0.32”) 1 mm (40 mil)
diameter
(or F1 2 set for F1
(or F1 2 set for F2
F2
F3 15 mm (0.59”) 40 mm (1.57”) 150 mm (5.9”) 14 mm (0.55”) 2.5 mm (100mil)
N1 (N) 35 mm (1.38”) 25 mm (0.98”) 130 mm (5.1”) 6 mm (0.24”) 250 µm (10 mil)
F1
Probe type
operation)
17 PROBE CAPABILITIES
17.1 Integral probes
operation)
FNF1 (N) 38 mm (1.50”) 25 mm (0.98”) 135 mm (5.3”) 8 mm (0.32”) 250 µm (10 mil)
measurements conditions
a.This is the recommended maximum calibration foil value to achieve the specified accuracy under these
FNF1 (F) 4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 135 mm (5.3”) 4 mm (0.16”) 250 µm (10 mil)
47
a
Cal foil value
Minimum
sample
Headroom
Minimum
concave
Minimum
convex surface
diameter
surface radius
diameter
4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 28 mm (1.10”) 4 mm (0.16”) 250 µm (10 mil)
4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 32 mm (1.26”) 8 mm (0.32”) 1 mm (40 mil)
48
(or F1 2 set to F1) 4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 85 mm (3.35”) 4 mm (0.16”) 250 µm (10 mil)
(or F1 2 set to F2) 4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 89 mm (3.50”) 8 mm (0.32”) 1 mm (40 mil)
F2
F1 Right Angle
F2 Right Angle
F1 Telescopic 4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 32 mm (1.26”) 4 mm (0.16”) 250 µm (10 mil)
F1
Probe type
17.2 Separate ferrous probes
(or F1 2 set to F1)
F2 Telescopic 4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 36 mm (1.42”) 8 mm (0.32”) 1 mm (40 mil)
(or F1 2 set to F2)
F3 15 mm (0.59”) 40 mm (1.57”) 102 mm (4.02”) 14 mm (0.55”) 2.5 mm (100 mil)
measurements conditions
a.This is the recommended maximum calibration foil value to achieve the specified accuracy under these
a
Cal foil value
Minimum
sample
diameter
Headroom
Minimum
concave
surface radius
Minimum
convex surface
diameter
Probe type
17.3 Separate non-ferrous probes
35 mm (1.38”) 25 mm (0.98”) 85 mm (3.35”) 6 mm (0.24”) 250 µm (10 mil)
measurements conditions
N1 35 mm (1.38”) 25 mm (0.98”) 85 mm (3.35”) 6 mm (0.24”) 250 µm (10 mil)
N1 Right Angle 35 mm (1.38”) 25 mm (0.98”) 28 mm (1.10”) 6 mm (0.24”) 250 µm (10 mil)
N1A Anodiser’s
Probe
N2 100 mm (3.97”) 150 mm (5.90”) 85 mm (3.35”) 14 mm (0.55”) 1 mm (40 mil)
a.This is the recommended maximum calibration foil value to achieve the specified accuracy under these
49
a
Cal foil value
Minimum
sample
Headroom
Minimum
concave
Minimum
convex surface
diameter
surface radius
38 mm (1.50”) 25 mm (0.98”) 34 mm (1.34”) 8 mm (0.32”) 250 µm (10 mil)
diameter
4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 34 mm (1.34”) 4 mm (0.16”) 250 µm (10 mil)
50
17.4 Separate dual FNF
measurements conditions
FNF1 (N) 38 mm (1.50”) 25 mm (0.98”) 88 mm (3.46”) 8 mm (0.32”) 250 µm (10 mil)
FNF1 (F) 4 mm (0.16”) 25 mm (0.98”) 88 mm (3.46”) 4 mm (0.16”) 250 µm (10 mil)
Probe type
FNF1 Right Angle
a.This is the recommended maximum calibration foil value to achieve the specified accuracy under these
(N)
FNF1 Right Angle
(F)
a
Cal foil value
Minimum
sample
diameter
Headroom
Minimum
concave
surface radius
Minimum
convex surface
diameter
(or F1 2 set to F1) 4 mm (0.16”) 60 mm (2.36”) 155 mm (6.10”) 4 mm (0.16”) 250 µm (10 mil)
(or F1 2 set to F2) 4 mm (0.16”) 60 mm (2.36”) 159 mm (6.25”) 8 mm (0.32”) 1 mm (40 mil)
F2
F3 15 mm (0.59”) 45 mm (1.77”) 169 mm (6.65”) 14 mm (0.55”) 2.5 mm (100mil)
N1 35 mm (1.38”) 50 mm (1.97”) 155 mm (6.09”) 6 mm (0.24”) 250 µm (10 mil)
F1
Probe type
17.5 PINIP™ probes
FNF1 (N) 38 mm (1.50”) 55 mm (2.17”) 156 mm (6.15”) 8 mm (0.32”) 250 µm (10 mil)
measurements conditions
a.This is the recommended maximum calibration foil value to achieve the specified accuracy under these
FNF1 (F) 4 mm (0.16”) 55 mm (2.17”) 156 mm (6.14”) 4 mm (0.16”) 250 µm (10 mil)
51
17.6 Separate miniature ferrous probes
52
Overall length
(headroom)
Minimum
access
width
Minimum
access
height
Minimum
sample
diameter
Minimum
concave
surface
radius
Minimum
convex
surface
diameter
Probe Type
1.5 mm (0.06”) 6.5 mm (0.26”) 3 mm (0.12”) 6 mm (0.24”) 150 mm (5.91”)
1.5 mm (0.06”) 6.5 mm (0.26”) 3 mm (0.12”) 6 mm (0.24”) 260 mm (10.24”)
1.5 mm (0.06”) 6.5 mm (0.26”) 3 mm (0.12”) 18 mm (0.71”) 7 mm (0.28”) 145 mm (5.71”)
1.5 mm (0.06”) 6.5 mm (0.26”) 3 mm (0.12”) 18 mm (0.71”) 7 mm (0.28”) 250 mm (9.84”)
1.5 mm (0.06”) 6.5 mm (0.26”) 3 mm (0.12”) 16 mm (0.63”) 7 mm (0.28”) 140 mm (5.51”)
1.5 mm (0.06”) 6.5 mm (0.26”) 3 mm (0.12”) 16 mm (0.63”) 7 mm (0.28”) 245 mm (9.64”)
F, St r a i g h t ,
45 mm (1.77”)
F, St r a i g h t ,
150 mm (5.9”)
F, 45°,
45 mm (1.77”)
F, 45°,
150 mm (5.9”)
F, 90°,
45 mm (1.77”)
F, 90°,
150 mm (5.9”)
17.7 Separate miniature non-ferrous probes
Overall length
(headroom)
Minimum
access
width
Minimum
access
height
Minimum
sample
diameter
Minimum
concave
radius
Minimum
convex
diameter
Probe Type
3 mm (0.12”) 25 mm (0.98”) 4 mm (0.16”) 6 mm (0.24”) 150 mm (5.91”)
3 mm (0.12”) 25 mm (0.98”) 4 mm (0.16”) 6mm (0.24”) 260 mm (10.24”)
3 mm (0.12”) 25 mm (0.98”) 4 mm (0.16”) 18 mm (0.71”) 7 mm (0.28”) 145 mm (5.71”)
3 mm (0.12”) 25 mm (0.98”) 4 mm (0.16”) 18 mm (0.71”) 7 mm (0.28”) 250 mm (9.84”)
3 mm (0.12”) 25 mm (0.98”) 4 mm (0.16”) 16 mm (0.63”) 7 mm (0.28”) 140 mm (5.51”)
3 mm (0.12”) 25 mm (0.98”) 4 mm (0.16”) 16 mm (0.63”) 7 mm (0.28”) 245 mm (9.64”)
NF, Straight,
45 mm (1.77”)
NF, Straight,
150 mm (5.9”)
NF, 45°,
45 mm (1.77”)
NF, 45°,
150 mm (5.9”)
NF, 90°,
45 mm (1.77”)
NF, 90°,
150 mm (5.9”)
53
18 ERROR MESSAGES
54
Under certain conditions the gauge will display error messages (Figure 34). These messages are normally
cleared by pressing any one of the softkeys. The cause of the error will be indicated by the message and
should be corrected before proceeding.
Error message Causes Action to take
Separate gauge - remove probe and refit.
If error persists, return to Elcometer*.
Separate gauge - try new probe.
If error persists, return to Elcometer*.
a) Gauge model F and gauge model N
cannot be used with a dual FNF probe.
b) Return to Elcometer* for software
upgrade.
a) Probe is dual FNF, but gauge is ferrous
only, or non-ferrous only. See page 35.
b) Old gauge software does not support
new probe.
Probe has been changed. Calibration adjustment required.
#1 - PROBE Probe-to-gauge communication failure. Integral gauge - return to Elcometer*.
#2 - PROBE Corrupt data output from probe. Integral gauge - return to Elcometer*.
#3 - PROBE Internal error. Return to Elcometer*.
PROBE
UNSUPPORTED
PROBE
CHANGED
Error message Causes Action to take
a) Isolate from electro-magnetic
interference.
a) External electro-magnetic interference.
b) Gauge faulty.
UNSTABLE
READING
b) Return to Elcometer*.
Numerical error. Switch gauge off then on again.
VALUE TOO
If error persists contact Elcometer.
LARGE
CALIBRATION Incorrect calibration calculation. Re-calibrate.
If error persists, return to Elcometer*.
Software error. Return to Elcometer*.
Figure 34. Example error message - no probe is connected to gauge
LANGUAGE
MEMORY
* Contact Elcometer or your local Elcometer Supplier to arrange return.
55
19 INDEX
Numerics
2 Point calibration method 23
A
Accessories 43
ASTM B 244 4
ASTM B 499 4
ASTM D 1400 4
ASTM D1186 4
B
Batteries
Fitting 6
Life of 42
Ordering 43
Precautions 39
Rechargeable
Charging 42
Life of 6
Specification 42
Beep
Changing volume 21
Switching off 21
BS 3900 (C5) 4
BS 5411 (11) 4
BS 5411 (3) 4
BS 5599 4
BS EN ISO 1461 4
C
Cable
PC to gauge 44
CAL softkey
Flashing 24
Calibration
Adjustment 24
Coated standards 25
Coated thickness
standards 25
FNF probes 23
Foils 25
Locking 16
Methods 23
56
Shims 25
Calibration Adjustment 26
Procedure, 2Point 29
Procedure, Rough 29
Procedure, Smooth 26
Procedure, Special
substrate 29
Calibration certificates 43
Calibration methods
2 POINT 23
ROUGH 23
SET OFFSET 24
SPECIAL SUB 23
ZERO OFFSET 23
Coated thickness standards
25
Spares 44
Coatings
On galvanised steel 37
On metallised steel 37
Coefficient of Variation 40
Computer
Connection cable 44
D
Delete last reading 20
Dimensions 41
DIN 50981 4
DIN 50984 4
E
Elcometer 456
Features 4
Overview 3
Error messages 54
ESC 26
Extended menu
Contents 20
F
Factory calibration 17
FNF 35
Foils 25
Ordering 43
G
Galvanised steel 37
Gauge information 16
H
High temperature 37
Highest reading 40
I
Infrared interface 12, 20
Effect on measurement
speed 41
Interface 12
Infrared 12
RS232 12
International gauge settings
17
ISO 19840 4, 24
ISO 2178 4
ISO 2360 4
ISO 2808 4
K
Keypad 8
L
Language, selecting 11
Lowest reading 40
M
Maintenance 39
Mean 40
Measurement speed 41
Menu items
2-POINT 23
ABOUT 16
AUTO SWITCH OFF 21
BACKLIGHT 16
BEEP VOLUME 21
CAL METHOD 21
CALIBRATION LOCKED
16
CLEAR STATS 33
CONTACT 16
DELETE 20
DISPLAY 33
ENLARGE STATS 32
EXTENDED MENU 18
FACTORY CAL 17
GAUGE INFORMATION
16
HELP 17
INTL GAUGE 17
LANGUAGES 21
OPENING SCREEN 22
OUTPUT 21
PRINT/OUTPUT 20
PROBE 21
PROBE INFORMATION
16
RESET 17
ROUGH 23
SELECT STATS 34
SET OFFSET 24
SETUP 21
SMOOTH 23
SPECIAL SUB 23
STATISTICS 21
STATS MENU 32
STATS ON LCD 33
UNITS 21
US GAUGE 17
ZERO OFFSET 23
Menus
Extended off (simple) 16
Extended on 18
Overview 15
Structure 18
Metallised steel 37
Minimum substrate thickness
57
41
N
Number of readings 40
O
On/off 9
Opening screen
Creating 38
Disabling 22
P
Packaging 42
PINIP probes
Fitting of 7
High tempe rature 37
Power supply 42
Printer
Infrared 44
Output to 20
Printing
Statistical summary 20
Printing readings 21
Probe positioning jig 44
Probes 35
Adapters 44
Capabilities 47-53
Extending life of 39
F (Ferrous)
What used for 35
F1 2
High Temperature
PINIP 37
Substrate selection
modes 21
F1 2 overview 37
Fitting of 7
FNF (Ferrous/Non-ferrous)
Substrate selection
modes 21, 35
What used for 35
Maximum temperature 41
N (Non-ferrous)
What used for 35
Performance 46
58
PINIP
What used for 35
Replacement of 39
Wear of 39
Which one to use? 36
Q
Quick-start 5
R
Reading screen 10
Typical 14
Reading, taking 13
Resetting the gauge 17
Rough calibration method 23
RS232 interface 12
S
Scale selection, F1 F2 21
Screen
Welcome information 10
Screen symbols
Battery condition 6
Definition of 17
Screen symbols, explanation
of 17
Set offset 24
Setting up the gauge 21
Shims 25
Ordering 43
Simple menu
Turning on/off 16
Smooth calibration method 23
Softkey
BACK 15
CAL 14, 29
Flashing 14
Procedure 26
ESC 26
MENU 14
OK 29
SEL 15
SET 27, 28
TEST 26
UP/DOWN 15
ZERO 28
Special sub calibration method
23
SSPC-PA2 4
Standard deviation 40
Standards 4
Coated thickness 44
ISO 19840 24
Statistics
Activating 21
Choice of 34
Clearing 33
Displaying on screen 33
Dual function probes 33
Increasing size on display
32
Overview 32
Terminology 40
Substrate selection
Automatic 21, 35
Manual 21, 35
Substrate thickness
Minimum 41
Switching on/off 9
Automatically 9, 21
T
Temperature
Effect on measurement
speed 41
High, meas uring of 37
Operating 41
Probes, maximum 41
Test certificates 43
Test readings 28
Testing calibration of gauge
29
Tick box 15
U
Units
Automatic setting of 21
Manual setting of 21
Up/Down 15
US gauge settings 17
W
Weight 41
Welcome screen
Creating 38
Disabling 22
Wrist harness, fitting of 45
Z
Zero offset calibration method
23
59
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