Elcometer 106
Adhesion Tester
Operating Instructions
English
English
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is a registered trademark of Elcometer Limited.
All other trademarks acknowledged.
© Copyright Elcometer Limited. 2009
All rights reserved. No part of this Document may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored (in a
retrieval system or otherwise) or translated into any language, in any form or by any means (electronic,
mechanical, magnetic, optical, manual or otherwise) without the prior written permission of
Elcometer Limited.
A copy of this Instruction Manual is available for download on our Website via www.elcometer.com/
downloads
Doc.No. TMA-0003 Issue 06
Text with Cover No: 4250
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CONTENTS
Section Page
1 About your tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Using your tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 Adhesives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4 Dollies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6 Technical specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7 Spare parts and accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
8 Related equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
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hank you for your purchase of this Elcometer 106 Pull Off Adhesion Tester. Welcome to Elcometer.
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Elcometer are world leaders in the design, manufacture and supply of inspection equipment for coatings
and concrete. Our products cover all aspects of coating inspection, from development through application
to post application inspection.
The Elcometer 106 Pull Off Adhesion Tester is a world beating product. With the purchase of this product
you now have access to the worldwide service and support network of Elcometer. For more information visit
our website at www.elcometer.com
1 ABOUT YOUR TESTER
The Elcometer 106 Pull Off Adhesion Tester is designed to measure the bond strength of applied coatings.
A wide range of coatings can be tested including paint, plastic, sprayed metal, epoxy, wood veneers,
laminates on wood, metal or plastic.
The Adhesion Tester employs a pull-off method to measure the force required to pull an area of coating
away from the base material.
The surface under examination is prepared and then a test dolly is attached by adhesive. When the
adhesive is cured the Adhesion Tester claw is engaged onto the dolly and a force is applied by tightening
a wheel/nut on the top of the tester. The force is recorded by means of a dragging indicator on an engraved
scale. The indicator retains the value at which the dolly and the coating separate from the surface.
There are five different ranges available. Each range is expressed in imperial and metric units and is directly
related to the area of the standard dolly.
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1.1 STANDARDS
Your Elcometer 106 Pull Off Adhesion Tester can be used in accordance with the following National and
International Standards ASTM D 4541, AS/NZS 1580.408.5, EN 13144, ISO 4624 supersedes EN 24624 &
NF T30-062, ISO 16276-1, & NF T30-606.
1.2 THESE INSTRUCTIONS
These instructions describe the operation of the following models of the Elcometer 106:
Elcometer 106/1 Scale 1(0) to 3.5 N/mm² (500 psi)
Elcometer 106/2 Scale 2(0) to 7 N/mm² (1000 psi)
Elcometer 106/3 Scale 3(0) to 15 N/mm² (2000 psi)
Elcometer 106/4 Scale 4(0) to 22 N/mm² (3200 psi)
Elcometer 106/5 Scale 5(0) to 0.2 N/mm² (30 psi)
1.3 WHAT THE BOX CONTAINS
• Elcometer 106 Pull Off Adhesion Tester
(Scale 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5)
• 20 Dollies
• Pack of Araldite Adhesive
• Base Support Ring
• Magnetic Dolly Clamp
• Dolly Cutter
• Ratchet Spanner (Scale 3 and 4 only)
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• Polypropylene Carrying Case
• Operating Instructions
2 USING YOUR TESTER
2.1 SECURING THE DOLLY - HORIZONTAL SURFACES
The surface of the dolly and the test area should be abraded and be free from oil, moisture and dust to
ensure a good bond between the dolly face and the coating.
1. Prepare the surface of the dolly and the coating where the dolly is to be applied by roughening with an
abrasive paper. Then de-grease these areas by using a suitable solvent to clean both surfaces.
2. Mix a small quantity of adhesive and apply an even film to the prepared surface of the dolly.
3. Place the dolly onto the prepared test surface and apply pressure to squeeze out excess adhesive
which should then be removed. Allow the adhesive to cure for the recommended time - see
“Adhesives” on page 6.
Dollies can be re-used after cleaning. Additional dollies are available from Elcometer or your local supplier
- see “Spare parts and accessories” on page 11.
2.2 SECURING THE DOLLY - VERTICAL SURFACES
A magnetic dolly clamp is included with your Elcometer 106 kit of parts.
Follow the instructions given in section 2.1 above, but use the magnetic dolly clamp to hold the dolly in place
while the adhesive cures. Ensure the ‘keeper’ disc is removed from the magnet prior to use.
The magnetic dolly clamp will only work on ferrous substrates.
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2.3 APPLYING LOAD TO THE DOLLY
1. Cut around the base of the dolly very carefully using the dolly
cutter. This is only necessary when lateral bonding in the
coating is greater than adhesion, for example, elastomeric
coatings.Place the base support ring over the dolly ensuring
that it lies flat on the surface.
2. Slacken the handwheel or nut on the Adhesion Tester. Set the
dragging indicator to zero (0) on the scale and engage the
claw carefully with the dolly.
3. Hold the Adhesion Tester steady with one hand to prevent
rotation and tighten the handwheel or nut slowly and evenly to
apply an increasing force to the dolly and hence to the coating.
Continue until the coating fails and the dolly is removed from
the surface, or until the specified test force is indicated. The
pull-off force is read from the position of the dragging indicator
after the test is complete.
Note: The force should be applied evenly over a time period
not exceeding 90 seconds. Avoid jerking the tester as this will
add unwanted forces to the test area.
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WARNING: There will be a loud bang and the Adhesion Tester may jump up a few centimetres
as the dolly and coating detach and the energy in the tester is released. For personal safety it
is recommended that the operator does not lean over the Adhesion Tester during use.
4. Immediately after the test is complete and the pull-off force has been recorded, slacken the handwheel
or nut to remove all the force from the unit.
2.4 ASSESSING THE RESULTS
To record the result, first inspect the face of the dolly. In most cases the coating will fully adhere to the dolly
and the test can be claimed as 100% valid. In some cases, the coating will cover only part of the area of the
dolly and a partial adhesion failure should be recorded.
If no coating is present on the dolly this must be recorded as a failure of the adhesive (or glue). This is
normally due to incorrect or insufficient mixing of the component parts of the adhesive, or incompatibility of
the adhesive and the coating.
Observing the test area will give additional information about the type of failure; adhesion and cohesion
between different layers of the coating.
3 ADHESIVES
The adhesive supplied with the instrument is Regular Araldite which is a two component epoxy paste. When
mixed, it is to be used within 1 hour. The two components should be mixed in roughly equal portions.
Curing Times:
• 24 hours at 25°C
• 3 hours at 60°C
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Suitable for warm and hot environments. Lower temperatures require extended curing times of up to 3 days
or more.
Rapid Araldite is a fast setting two pack epoxy paste. It should be mixed for 30 seconds and used within 2
minutes.
Curing Times:
• 8 hours at 25°C
• 4 hours at 10°C
• 2 hours at 23°C
• 1.5 hours at 40°C
Suitable for cold and warm environments.
Other adhesives include acrylic types with much faster setting times. Loctite Multibond is well suited for
low temperature and fully cures in 24 hours. Scotch-weld M2000 will reach a high strength after 30 minutes.
The suitability of any adhesive should be determined by the User. Some coatings can be adversely affected
by adhesives. Some adhesives can be contaminated by coating environments, solvents etc.
The adhesive supplied with this product must be disposed of as special waste unless it has been fully cured.
To dispose of excess adhesive at the end of its shelf life simply mix the remaining material and allow it to
cure before disposal.
For further guidance on the disposal of adhesives contact your local environmental authority.
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4 DOLLIES
Dollies can be re-used after cleaning.
Large dollies
Coatings on concrete, cementatious layers and uneven surfaces can be tested more effectively with a large
dolly. This has twice the diameter and so 4 times the area of the standard dolly. The scale readings of the
Elcometer 106 must be divided by 4 to compensate.
The large dolly is taller than the standard dolly. A special base ring is used to support the instrument to
enable correct operation. The large dollies and base ring are available from Elcometer or your local supplier
- see “Spare parts and accessories” on page 11.
5 MAINTENANCE
The Elcometer 106 Pull Off Adhesion Tester is designed to give many years service under normal operating
and storage conditions.
Lubricate the screw threads with light machine oil on a regular basis.
Pull-off force
The pull-off force is provided by the progressive compression of Belleville washers.
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After considerable heavy use the washers may age and no longer have their original characteristics. The
washers may also become distorted and permanently damaged if the tester is tightened fully, beyond the
length of the engraved scale on the barrel.
In this instance the force recorded by the tester should be checked and, if necessary, the tester should be
returned to Elcometer for fitting of a new set of Belleville washers and re calibration.
Calibration
Calibration checks to ensure that the correct load is being applied to the dolly will be required periodically.
Elcometer can conduct these checks and a calibration certificate traceable to national standards can be
issued.
6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Range
Scale
N/mm2 (MPa) kg/cm
1 0.5 to 3.5 5 to 35 100 to 500 2 1 to 7 10 to 70 200 to 1000 3 3 to 15 30 to 150 500 to 2000 4 5 to 22 50 to 220 500 to 3200 5 0.05 to 0.2 0.5 to 2.0 5 to 30
2
lb/in
2
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Height
mm (inch)
Scale
1 155 (6.1) 76 (3) 0.96 (2.1) 2.14 (4.7) 2 155 (6.1) 76 (3) 1.02 (2.24) 2.18 (4.8) 3 165 (6.5) 76 (3) 1.62 (3.56) 3.54 (7.79) 4 165 (6.5) 76 (3) 1.84 (4.05) 3.74 (8.23) 5 155 (6.1) 76 (3) 0.96 (2.1) 2.14 (4.7)
a.Gross weight includes case and accessories
Diameter
mm (inch)
Net
mm (lb)
Weight
Accuracy: < 15% of reading
Material: Anodised aluminium body, steel feet
Test dolly diameter: 20mm (standard dolly) 40mm (large dolly)
Test dolly material: High tensile aluminium
Base support ring
a
: Plated steel
Adhesive: Regular Araldite
a. Prevents bending of thin samples, prevents indentation and maintains orientation
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Gross
mm (lb)
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7 SPARE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES
The Elcometer 106 Pull Off Adhesion Tester is complete with all the items required to get started and take
measurements, however over the life of the tester replacement items may be required. The following items
are available from Elcometer, or your local supplier.
T1062895- Dollies, standard (Pack of 100)
T1062895-10 Dollies, standard (Pack of 10)
T1062914- Dollies, large (Pack of 5)
T1062915- Large Dolly Support Ring
T99912906 Pack of Araldite adhesive
T1062923- Magnetic Dolly Clamp
T1062904- Basic Support Ring
T99914009 Dolly Cutter
T1065367- Polypropylene Carrying Case
Please state scale when ordering spares.
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8 RELATED EQUIPMENT
Elcometer produces a wide range of adhesion gauges and associated inspection equipment. Elcometer 106
users may also benefit from the following Elcometer products:
• Hygrometers, Dewpoint Meter, Thermometers
• Coating Thickness Gauges
• Cross Hatch Cutters
For further information contact Elcometer, your local supplier, or visit www.elcometer.com
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