Echelon 76530R Users Manual

®
@echel
o
n
Integrator’s Guide
078-0439-01F
Echelon, LONWORKS, i.Lon, LonTalk, Neuron, 3120, 3150, 3170, and the Echelon logo are trademarks of Echelon Corporation that may be registered in the United States and other countries.
Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Smart Transceivers, Neuron Chips, and other OEM Products were not designed for use in equipment or systems, which involve danger to human health or safety, or a risk of property damage and Echelon assumes no responsibility or liability for use of the Smart Transceivers or Neuron Chips in such applications.
Parts manufactured by vendors other than Echelon and referenced in this document have been described for illustrative purposes only, and may not have been tested by Echelon. It is the responsibility of the customer to determine the suitability of these parts for each application.
ECHELON MAKES AND YOU RECEIVE NO WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS, EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR IN ANY COMMUNICATION WITH YOU, AND ECHELON SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Echelon Corporation.
Printed in the United States of America. Copyright © 1997, 2011, 2016, 2017 Echelon Corporation.
Echelon Corporation
www.echelon.com
CRD 3000 Integrator’s Guide
iii
Welcome
Intelligent street lighting uses electronic ballasts, power line communications hardware, and local network controllers that are interconnected with specialized control and reporting software. A street lighting network establishes two-way communications with each lighting fixture so that you can control the lighting level of each fixture, turn it on and off, and monitor its condition.
The luminaires in a street lighting network use a LONWORKS® power line communications channel for the network, which is managed by an Echelon SmartServer, known as the Segment Controller because it controls segments of the street lighting network. To extend the network across low-voltage step-down distribution transformers, Echelon introduces a power line and radio frequency (RF) wireless hybrid device, the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge (SLB) module.
This document describes the elements of the Echelon street lighting solution, including the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module and the Segment Controller.
Audience
This document assumes that you understand basic networking and that you have some experience working with a SmartServer. It also assumes that you understand the basics of a low-voltage power distribution network.
Related Documentation
The following manuals are available from the Echelon Web site (www.echelon.com) and provide additional information that can help you manage a street lighting network:
 Echelon Enterprise Services 2.0 User’s Guide (078-0423-01). This
document describes how to use the i.LON AdminServer and LNS Proxy Web service included in Echelon Enterprise Services 2.0 (EES 2.0).
 SmartServer User's Guide (078-0345-01). This document describes how
to configure the SmartServer and use its applications to manage control networks.
 Introduction to the LONWORKS Platform (078-0183-01). This manual
provides an introduction to the ISO/IEC 14908-1 (ANSI/CEA-709.1 and EN14908) Control Network Protocol, and provides a high-level introduction to LONWORKS networks and the tools and components that are used for developing, installing, operating, and maintaining them.
 NodeUtil Node Utility User’s Guide (078-0438-01). This manual describes
the NodeUtil Node Utility, which allows you to diagnose and configure LONWORKS network interfaces, routers, and devices.
All of the Echelon documentation is available in Adobe PDF format. To view the PDF files, you must have a current version of the Adobe Reader, which you can
download from Adobe at: get.adobe.com/reader.
iv
FCC Compliance Notice
Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules, per sections 15.107 and
15.109. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the manufacturer’s instruction manual, may cause interference
with radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, you are encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
 Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that
which the receiver is connected.
 Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for help.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Echelon Corporation could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
RF Statements
This equipment also complies with the limits for wireless devices per FCC sections 15.203, 15.205, 15.207, 15.209 and 15.247. It uses frequency 2.4 GHz per Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard 802.15.4­2006, and uses a frequency bandwidth from 2400 MHz to 2483.5 MHz.
This equipment complies with the FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 centimeters between the radiator and your body.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
CRD 3000 Integrator’s Guide
v
CRD 3000 Planning Checklist
This checklist is intended for installers who will use the CRD 3000 power line to RF bridge to extend outdoor range in outdoor lighting systems. To better differentiate the CRD 3000 from the CPD 3000 and CPL 4000 devices, the checklist below calls the CRD 3000 an SLB (Street Light Bridge). The CPD 3000 and CPL 3000 devices are referred to as OLCs (Outdoor Lighting Controllers). Any power line device using the ISO/IEC 14903-3 standard may be used with the SLB.
1. Determine the best location for the power line segment controller. This is often in the geographic center of an area of outdoor lights.
2. If the service to the lighting circuit is 240 split phase, system performance may improve if you locate the segment controller high on an existing light pole, near the end of the circuit if the existing lighting cabinet does not have available space. The housing for the segment controller may provide a good mounting location for the socket for the SLB.
3. Lighting cabinets that use 3-phase service need to have the segment controller at a location that can easily access all 3-phases and neutral.
4. All communicating devices must share a common set of conductors. If the lighting cabinet supplies 240 VAC power to the light fixtures, the Segment controller must be powered with the same 240 VAC.
5. The SLB should ideally be mounted on top of the pole or on top of the fixture such that the pole does not provide a possible reflection that could interfere with the signal. If a socket needs to be mounted to the poll, mount it so that the SLB is 6” from the poll, and positioned so the poll does not shadow the view from neighbor SLBs. The pole and the sight line to the neighbor SLB should not form a straight line, as shown below.
85m Max
vi
6. If the lighting circuit will contain only lighting loads that are controlled using power line based controllers like the CPD 3000 or CLP 4000 you should expect solid communication across dedicated lighting segment. If there are other devices attached to the same electrical service, such as traffic controllers, you may need to use a filter to isolate these devices from the outdoor lighting circuits.
7. If the circuit includes a mixture of CPD 3000/CLP 4000 devices, and fixtures controlled by the Top900 or other means, it may be necessary to install filters to reduce the impact of the impairments by these devices. Small filters such as the Schaffner FN2060-1-06 may be placed at each in line with the service connection. These filters must be installed with the line side facing the load to provide the best power line impairment isolation.
8. Limit the number of CPD 3000/CLP 4000 devices to 200 devices when the SmartServer is used as the segment controller, and 500 devices in LPG applications.
9. It is generally best to build out from the segment controller. The SLB on the first power line segment that contains the segment controller should be installed first.
10. Installers should document the unique ID and the configured state by observing the green LED. Flashing green LED: unconfigured, Solid ON: configured.
11. Only unconfigured SLBs should be installed in LPG applications.
12. Installers must document the location or pole ID where the SLB is installed.
13. Installers must capture the state of the RF signal LED. If OFF, or flashing On/Off with a ¼ ON ¾ OFF, the SLB may not function reliably.
14. Limit the number of communication hops to 6.
CRD3000 Integrator’s Guide
vii
Table of Contents
Welcome .................................................................................................................. iii
Audience .................................................................................................................. iii
Related Documentation ....................................................................................... iii
FCC Compliance Notice ........................................................................................ iv
RF Statements ........................................................................................................ iv
CRD 3000 Planning Checklist .............................................................................. v
Introduction
............................................................................................................
The Echelon Street Lighting Solution ................................................................ 2
The Segment Controller ................................................................................. 3
Luminaires and Street Light Controllers ................................................... 4
CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge Modules ..................................................... 4
Benefits of Managed Street Lighting .................................................................. 5
Examples ........................................................................................................... 6
Street Lighting Solution Restrictions ................................................................. 7
Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
................................................
Overview ................................................................................................................. 10
High-Voltage Warning ......................................................................................... 11
ESD Warning ......................................................................................................... 11
Safety Warning ...................................................................................................... 12
New Installations .................................................................................................. 12
Step 1: Install the Segment Controller ..................................................... 14
Step 2: Install Luminaires ........................................................................... 14
Step 3: Install CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge Modules ........................ 15
Step 4: Complete Installation...................................................................... 16
Existing Installations ........................................................................................... 16
Verifying Successful Installation ....................................................................... 17
Verify Green Power LED State ................................................................... 17
Verify Amber RF LED State ....................................................................... 17
Example Installations .......................................................................................... 18
Basic Installation ........................................................................................... 18
Extending a Basic Installation ................................................................... 19
Adding Multiple RF Hops ............................................................................ 20
1
9
Setting Up the Segment Controller
Placing the Segment Controller in Standalone Mode ................................... 24
Configuring the LonWorks Channel for Power Line Repeating ................. 25
Copying Resource Files ........................................................................................ 26
Deploying a “Golden Master” Segment Controller ........................................ 27
Automatically Discovering Devices ................................................................... 27
Planning for the Street Lighting Solution
Security Planning ................................................................................................. 30
Device Upgrade Planning ................................................................................... 33
Network Management Planning ....................................................................... 34
...............................................................
23
Placing a Network in Standalone Mode.................................................... 24
Network Limitations in Standalone Mode ............................................... 24
...................................................
29
General Network Communications Security ........................................... 30
Network Security for Device Installation ................................................. 31
Using a NodeUtil Script to Define Security ............................................. 32
Defining the Networking Channels ........................................................... 34
Signal Strength ....................................................................................... 35
viii
Defining the Media Access Protocol ........................................................... 35
Preparing the Segment Controller ............................................................. 36
Preparing the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge Modules......................... 36
Preparing the Luminaires ........................................................................... 37
Device Discovery ............................................................................................ 37
Defining Repeating ........................................................................................ 38
PL/RF Repeater ....................................................................................... 38
PL/PL Repeater ....................................................................................... 39
RF/RF Repeater ...................................................................................... 39
Scheduling ....................................................................................................... 40
Device and Network Recovery Planning .......................................................... 40
Scenario 1: Loss of SLB A ............................................................................ 41
Scenario 2: Brief Loss of SLB B .................................................................. 41
Scenario 3: Prolonged Loss of SLB B ......................................................... 42
Simulating Communications Errors ................................................................. 42
Error Codes ............................................................................................................ 43
Managing a Street Lighting Network
Manually Installing a Street Lighting Network ............................................ 46
Creating Devices ............................................................................................ 46
Entering Device Locations and Neuron IDs ............................................ 47
Selecting Devices ........................................................................................... 47
Installing Devices with Smart Network Management .......................... 48
Enabling Smart Network Management ............................................ 48
Installing Devices ................................................................................... 49
Checking Device Installation Status .................................................. 49
Troubleshooting Street Lighting Network Installation ................................ 51
Maintaining a Street Lighting Network .......................................................... 51
Analyzing a Power Line Repeating Network ........................................... 52
Adding Devices ................................................................ ............................... 62
Upgrading Devices ......................................................................................... 63
Replacing Devices .......................................................................................... 66
Decommissioning Devices ............................................................................ 68
Setting Devices Offline ................................................................................. 69
Testing Devices .............................................................................................. 71
Querying Devices .................................................................................... 71
Winking Devices ..................................................................................... 73
Deleting Devices ............................................................................................. 74
Controlling a Street Lighting Network
Scheduling Overview ............................................................................................ 76
Configuring the Real-Time Clock ...................................................................... 77
Setting the Segment Controller Time ....................................................... 77
Adding an SNTP Time Server ............................................................. 77
Manually Configuring the Time .......................................................... 80
Entering the Location of the Segment Controller................................... 80
Creating Event Schedulers ................................................................................. 82
Adding Data Point Preset Values ...................................................................... 86
Selecting Data Points ........................................................................................... 86
Creating Scheduled Events ................................................................................ 89
Creating Exception Schedules............................................................................ 94
Demonstrating a Street Lighting Schedule..................................................... 95
Creating the Weekday Schedule................................................................. 96
Creating the Weekend Schedule ................................................................ 97
...........................................................
.........................................................
45
75
CRD3000 Integrator’s Guide
ix
The Example Schedule ................................................................................. 98
Copying Event Schedulers to Other Segment Controllers ........................... 99
Interoperable Interface for the Street Light Bridge
Interface ................................................................................................................ 102
Output Data Points ..................................................................................... 102
Input Data Points ........................................................................................ 102
Cryptography License
License ................................................................................................................... 108
Glossary
................................................................................................................
......................................................................................
..........................
101
107
109
CRD 3000 Integrator’s Guide
1
1
Introduction
This chapter introduces the Echelon Street Lighting solution.
2 Introduction
The Echelon Street Lighting Solution
Energy and maintenance costs are increasing for municipal street lighting.
Studies show that the electricity used for street lighting can account for up to
40% of municipal electric bills. With an estimated 90 million street lights in
Europe and 63 million in North America, efficient use of energy for street lighting
is important, both for economic reasons and for environmental reasons.
Fortunately, components and systems are now available to manage, monitor, and
reduce that electricity demand.
Such a system incorporates several key elements: electronic ballasts, power line
communications hardware, and local network controllers that are interconnected
with specialized control and reporting software. Together, they create a flexible
and powerful control system that simplifies day-to-day operations and facilitates
the implementation of cost-cutting strategies. Establishing two-way
communications with each lighting fixture in a street lighting network allows you
to control the lighting level of each fixture, turn it on and off, and monitor its
condition.
Because each luminaire in a street lighting network is already connected to the
power grid, defining a power line communications channel for the network is a
straightforward way to establish two-way communications with each lighting
fixture. However, in many countries, there are a limited number of luminaires
per low-voltage service distribution transformer.
Echelon introduces the Echelon Control Router Device (CRD) 3000 Street Light
Bridge Module: a power line and wireless hybrid device that allows
communications to bridge gaps in the power line network created by the low-
voltage service distribution transformers, and manage an extended street
lighting network.
Figure 1 shows part of a basic street lighting network, with a SmartServer
Segment Controller, several street lights, and a pair of CRD 3000 Street Light
Bridge modules. The Segment Controller uses power line communications to
communicate with the street light luminaires and the CRD 3000 Street Light
Bridge modules. The CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules use radio frequency
communications to communicate with each other, and thus provide a
communications bridge across the power line gap. Such a gap represents the end
of one transformer’s service distribution and the beginning of the next
transformer’s service distribution.
CRD 3000 Integrator’s Guide
3
Figure 1. A Basic Street Lighting Network
Because the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module provides both ISO/IEC 14908-
3 Control Network Protocol power line communications and IEEE 802.15.4 (2.4
GHz) radio frequency (RF) wireless communications, the street lighting network
can leverage the existing power line circuits to communicate with the luminaires,
and create small RF bridges to bypass power line gaps created service
distribution transformers. Each CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module manages
RF communications with other CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules, so that
you do not need to set up and manage a complex RF network – you simply install
CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules to extend power line communications for
the street lighting network.
You manage and control the street lighting network using an Echelon
SmartServer, known as the Segment Controller because it controls segments of
the street lighting network. A Segment Controller can consolidate data from half
a dozen or more service distribution transformers in a municipal residential
environment, allowing you to manage and control up to 200 devices – luminaires
and CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules. For larger street lighting networks,
you can install additional Segment Controllers.
The Segment Controller
The Segment Controller is a SmartServer 2.0 (or later) that is configured to
manage a street lighting network. You use it to configure the power line channel
for repeating, so that each luminaire and CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module
can forward messages to luminaires and to CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge
modules within the network. You also use the Segment Controller to define
operational schedules for the luminaires.
See Chapter 3, Setting Up the Segment Controller, Chapter 5, Managing a Street
Lighting Network, and Chapter 6, Controlling a Street Lighting Network or more
4 Introduction
information about the Segment Controller. See the SmartServer User's Guide for
more information about the SmartServer.
Luminaires and Street Light Controllers
Each street light in an intelligent street light network must be able to
communicate over a LONWORKS power line communications channel. Thus, each
luminaire must include a LONWORKS power line communications chip (such as
an Echelon Power Line Smart Transceiver). If the luminaire does not already
include power line communications, you can add a street light controller1 to
either the luminaire or to the street light pole to provide power line
communications.
A luminaire in a street lighting network remains on until it is commissioned by
the Segment Controller. After it is commissioned, the luminaire turns on or off
based on the schedule defined for it by the Segment Controller.
CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge Modules
A CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module is a power line channel device that
extends the communications range of the Segment Controller. A CRD 3000
Street Light Bridge module uses the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers (IEEE) wireless personal area network standard 802.15.4 for radio
frequency (RF) communications to allow it to bypass service distribution
transformers and extend the street lighting network.
The primary function of a CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module is to act as a
repeater for the street lighting network. A CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module
can repeat network packets on the power line channel, an RF channel, or both.
The Segment Controller determines both the route and channel type that the
CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module should use for repeating.
Figure 2 shows a simple repeating chain that could be used to relay a network
management command from the Segment Controller to a target device (a
luminaire in this case, but it could be a CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module).
In this example:
 Lamp 1 and Lamp 2 have direct power line communications with the
Segment Controller
 Lamp 2 and Lamp 3 use SLB 1 and SLB 2 for RF communications
 Lamp 3 and Lamp 4 use power line communications
 Lamp 5 is a power line repeater (a repeating-enabled luminaire), and so
forwards messages from the Segment Controller to Lamp 6, and from Lamp 6 to the Segment Controller
 Lamp 6 is at the end of the repeating chain
1
Street light controllers that provide power line communications are available from companies such as Citylone, Koninklijke Philips® Electronics.N.V., Luminext BV, ROMlight™ International Inc, SCS StreetLight Control Solutions, S.L., Siteco Beleuchtungstechnik GmbH, and Superior Electronic Lighting Controllers (SELC Ireland Limited).
CRD 3000 Integrator’s Guide
5
RF Repeating
Channel
1 2
Lamp 1
PL Channel PL Repeating Channel
Lamp 2 Lamp 3
PLC
Lamp 4
Lamp 5
(Repeater)
Lamp 6
Figure 2. An Example Repeating Network
Each time that a message is repeated, on either channel type, is a repeater hop. A message within a street lighting network must be able to reach its destination in eight or fewer hops. That is, there can be no more than eight repeater hops on the path (power line, RF, or both) between the Segment Controller and the luminaire for which a message is destined. Figure 2 shows four hops between the Segment Controller and Lamp 6.
From a LONWORKS network point of view, a CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module acts like any other power line device: It has a number of network variables that are used to provision the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module and collect status and statistics.
Installation of a CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module is similar to installation for any power line device. You must add it to the Segment Controller, either by providing the Segment Controller with the Neuron® ID for the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module, or by allowing the Segment Controller to automatically discover and commission the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module. In either case, power and RF communication LEDs on the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module provide a visual cue to the installer that the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module is operational. Additional configuration of the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module is generally not necessary, but advanced configuration options are available.
Benefits of Managed Street Lighting
2
See Monitored Outdoor Lighting Market, Challenges, Solutions, and Next Steps, Echelon Corp,
September 2007 (www.echelon.com/solutions/streetlight/documents/Echelon_StreetlightWhitepaper_FINAL.pdf).
A managed street lighting network can offer many benefits, including2:
 Electricity use can be reduced – in one installation, by as much as 45%,
which in turn resulted in a 30% reduction in streetlight electricity costs (USD 80 000 per year for this installation).
Reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions – in one installation, by 70
tons per year (corresponding to the 45% reduction in electricity use).
6 Introduction
 Lamp failures can be identified quickly, reducing average lamp downtime
by as much as 90%.
 Alarms can be triggered when lamp voltage exceeds recommended levels,
preventing future lamp failures.
 Reduction in replacement costs for aging lamps – for one installation that
uses electronic ballasts that regulate high-pressure sodium lamps, lamp replacement costs were reduced by 20% by replacing the lamp before its power consumption became uneconomical.
 Because software enables most operations to be performed remotely, the
number of onsite maintenance operations can be reduced – in one installation, by at least 30%.
The SmartServer as the Segment Controller can serve as a gateway for a variety of devices types. It provides:
 Universal connectivity for devices attached to it, making data available to
a city’s IT system.
 Local device monitoring and control through built-in scheduling,
alarming, and data logging applications.
 An astronomical clock, which is used to automatically switch lamps on
and off, thus reducing lamp burning hours and saving energy (compared to a fixed scheduler or to photocells that require field maintenance).
The SmartServer is the streetlight segment controller and logs and reports lamp failures, lamp behavior (dimming level and voltage), energy use, and burning hours. It could also collect information from traffic and weather sensors to adapt lamp dimming levels. The astronomical clock switches lamps off and on depending on the position of the sun. Lamps are dimmed at a fixed time, using the SmartServer’s internal scheduler, during low activity hours at night. This highly efficient method of controlling light levels results in significant energy savings. Lamp lifetime is extended due to the way electronic ballasts regulate the lamp.
Examples
Cities, counties, and other local authorities need ways to contain their expenses and limit local taxes while increasing the level of service and security they provide to citizens.
For example, the portion of the United Kingdom budget that is related to streetlight services is estimated at more than GBP 280 million per year, of which 40 percent is spent on energy. As another example, the electricity costs for the city of Los Angeles, California, with 270 000 streetlights, is estimated at over USD 17 million per year. Streetlights are the main electricity consumer in a modern city.
In Milton Keynes, U.K., the managed street lighting system includes dimming controls that lower light output by 2 lux between the hours of 22h00 (10 PM) and 05h00 (5 AM). As a result, the city has reduced its electricity use by 30%. Furthermore, Milton Keynes installed white light lamps that, in addition to
CRD 3000 Integrator’s Guide
7
offering far longer operating life, have helped the city improve its closed-circuit television (CCTV) image capturing system for increased public safety.
3
As stated by the city of Oslo, Norway, in November 2004, cities that take
advantage of today’s new technologies and solutions can reduce the overall costs
associated with streetlight networks by almost 50%, while increasing the quality of service and safety. The city of Oslo and its energy supplier have shown that deploying a solution based on electronic programmable and dimmable ballasts that identify and communicate failures over power lines using a standardized protocol can pay for itself immediately.
4
Street Lighting Solution Restrictions
The following restrictions apply to a street lighting network:
 Each Segment Controller supports up to a total of 200 devices (luminaires
plus CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules).
 A CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module must be within 85 meters (275
feet) of another CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module and should have direct line of sight in all seasons.
 Each Segment Controller supports up to eight repeating hops to any
device (luminaire or CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module). However, during installation, there can be no more than six hops (power line or RF) between any luminaire and the Segment Controller. After installation, it is possible to add hops (power line or RF), up to the maximum of eight, between a luminaire and the Segment Controller.
3
Source: HBS Case Study, Netherfield Improved Lighting System, Milton Keynes Council, May 2007, cited in Monitored Outdoor Lighting Market, Challenges, Solutions, and Next Steps, Echelon Corp, September 2007 (www.echelon.com/solutions/streetlight/documents/Echelon_StreetlightWhitepaper_FINAL.pdf).
4
Source: Hafslund presentation, November 2004, cited in Monitored Outdoor Lighting Market, Challenges, Solutions, and Next Steps, Echelon Corp, September 2007
(www.echelon.com/solutions/streetlight/documents/Echelon_StreetlightWhitepaper_FINAL.pdf).
CRD 3000 Integrator’s Guide
9
2
Installation for the Street Lighting
Solution
This chapter describes installation for a street lighting network. See the CRD 3000 Planning Checklist before you install a street light bridge.
10
Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
Overview
The process for installing a street lighting network includes the following basic tasks:
For a typical new installation, you install the Segment Controller first. However, you could install luminaires (or have already existing luminaires), and then install the Segment Controller. In either case, you install CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules, as needed, to enable and extend the network. A single Segment Controller can support up to 200 devices, including both luminaires and CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules.
For an existing installation, typically the luminaires and the Segment Controller are already installed. In this case, you can add additional luminaires to define additional network segments, or you can install CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules to enable and extend the communications range for the network.
To decide when to install a CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module, you generally install luminaires and add them to the Segment Controller (or allow the Segment Controller to automatically discover and commission the luminaires), then verify that they were all commissioned. If any of them could not be commissioned, install a CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module near one of the commissioned luminaires (to be sure that the Segment Controller can communicate with the newly installed CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module). Then, you install a companion CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module at the luminaire that could not be commissioned so that the Segment Controller can discover and commission it.
 Install a Segment Controller
 Install luminaires
 Install CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules, as needed
If there are additional uncommissioned luminaires after the installation of the first pair of CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules, you can add additional CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules, for example, at the end of the first uncommissioned street light chain and the start of the next chain.
You can repeat these three steps many times to install a complete street lighting solution. Typically, you install hundreds or thousands of luminaires, a small number of Segment Controllers, and dozens or hundreds of CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules. How many CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules are required depends on the number of luminaires each service distribution transformer supports, and on the kind of network topology that is required for the street lighting solution.
CRD 3000 Integrator’s Guide
11
High-voltage installation must be performed only by a qualified service person.
durchgeführt werden.
This product contains components which are sensitive to static electricity.
Aufladung sind.
High-Voltage Warning
Hochspannungs-Installation darf nur von einem qualifizierten Servicetechniker
!
!
ESD Warning
Dieses Produkt beinhaltet Komponenten, die empfindlich für eine statische
!
!
12
Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
Fuse F1 in the Street Light Bridge uses a Littleman rated, 300 VAC, 10 A, SLO-
Only qualified personnel should perform the procedures in this guide.
Verfahren durchführen.
Safety Warning
Sicherung F1 im Street Light Bridge ist ein Littleman Sicherung bewertet 300
!
BLO.
This device has no user-serviceable parts.
!
VAC, 10 A, SLO-BLO.
Dieses Gerät hat keine vom Anwender zu wartenden Teile.
Nur qualifiziertes Personal sollte die in diesem Handbuch beschriebenen
New Installations
Figure 3 shows an overview of the basic process for installing intelligent street
lights with Echelon’s Street Light Bridge technology. The process includes the
following basic steps:
1. Install a Segment Controller
2. Install luminaires
3. Install CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules, as needed
Alternatively, you can install the luminaires, and then install the Segment Controller. However, this document does not describe details for this alternate installation scenario.
CRD 3000 Integrator’s Guide
13
Install Luminaires
Install
SmartServer
discovers as many lamps
as it can, and turns each
Install SLB
luminaire; install another
Street Light Bridge within
Install Luminaires
START
OR
YES
All
Lamps Off?
NO
DONE
Install
SmartServer
Place Segment
Controller in Acquisition
Mode to discover
luminaires and SLB
modules
1
2
3
Install luminaires
Each lamp turns on
Install luminaires
Segment Controller
discovers lamps and
turns each off
Segment Controller
one off to indicate that
communications are
established
Install a Street Light Bridge module on a
previously installed
line of sight of the first
Figure 3. Basic Street Lighting Installation Process
After your initial network of the Segment Controller and luminaires is defined, you can add CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules to extend the communications range of the network.
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Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
Step 1: Install the Segment Controller
Configure the Segment Controller (see Chapter 3, Setting Up the Segment Controller) and install it at any convenient location for the street lighting
solution. For example, you can install it on one of the street light poles or utility poles (typically below the neutral space) within the area for the street lighting solution. Ensure that the Segment Controller has power.
Place the Segment Controller into Acquisition Mode; see Automatically Discovering Devices. While in Acquisition Mode, the Segment Controller continually attempts to discover devices (luminaires and CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules) on the power line network. In Acquisition Mode, the Segment Controller’s Service LED flashes at 4 Hz.
As the Segment Controller establishes communications with each luminaire and commissions it, the Segment Controller turns the lamp off.
Note that if you install luminaires first, all of the lamps within the network stay on until you install the Segment Controller. Some installations might require several days of installation time, so some of the lamps could remain on for one or more days.
Recommendation: For installations in which the luminaires are managed by monitoring software (such as Streetlight.Vision Data Collect) and have group switching established, install the Segment Controller during the day so that the
schedule defined by the monitoring software can specify the luminaire’s behavior
(that is, the schedule should specify that lamps are off during the day) as the Segment Controller establishes communications with each luminaire. Thus, you can receive visual confirmation that the Segment Controller has established communications with each luminaire.
5
When all of the lamps are off, the installation is complete. For any that do not turn off, proceed to Step 3 to install CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules; the Segment Controller will discover and commission the installed luminaires through the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules.
Step 2: Install Luminaires
Install one or more luminaires. Each luminaire’s lamp should turn on to indicate that it has power.
Allow the Segment Controller to discover and commission each installed luminaire. If you install the luminaires before the Segment Controller, record each luminaire’s physical location and Neuron ID so that you can enter this information into the Segment Controller Device Web page for each luminaire.
For example, record the luminaire’s GPS coordinates, pole ID, or map grid
reference.
If you install the Segment Controller before any of the luminaires, the Segment Controller will discover and commission each luminaire as it is installed. If a given lamp does not turn off within approximately two minutes, you should
5
This behavior is defined by the luminaire’s LonMark® interoperable profile. The Segment
Controller updates the primary data point for the luminaire during device commissioning; for a luminaire’s LonMark profile, the primary data point is the on/off snvt_switch network variable.
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15
assume that the Segment Controller cannot communicate with the luminaire, and you should proceed to step 3.
If you install the luminaires before the Segment Controller, the Segment Controller will discover and commission all of the luminaires; however, this process could take some time.
After an installed luminaire is discovered and commissioned by the Segment Controller, the lamp should turn off. For any that do not turn off, proceed to Step 3 to install CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules; the Segment Controller will discover the installed luminaires through the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules.
Step 3: Install CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge Modules
Install a CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module to extend the communications range of the Segment Controller. See the CRD 3000 Planning Checklist before you begin.
Return to any previously installed luminaire for which the lamp is off (that is, it has communications with the Segment Controller). Install the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module on the luminaire or on a pole near the luminaire, and record its physical location (GPS coordinates, pole ID, or map grid reference) and its Neuron ID (the barcoded number printed on or attached to the module); or alternatively, let the Segment Controller automatically discover and commission the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module.
You can install the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module in the luminaire’s
photocell receptor after removing the photocell. For luminaires that do not have a photocell receptor, you need to add a locking-type photocontrol receptacle that conforms to the ANSI C136.10 standard/BS5972.6 Only the Supply Line (black or brown cable) and Neutral Line (white or blue cable) of the receptacle need to be connected. The load control cable (red cable) should be suitably insulated. Ensure the receptacle voltage rating is appropriate for your application. Insert the module into the photocell receptor or locking-type photo-control receptacle, and turn the module ¼ turn clockwise to lock it into position.
The CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module has a green LED to indicate that it is receiving power. In addition, if this LED is on solid, the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module has been discovered and commissioned by the Segment Controller; if this LED is flashing slowly, the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module has not yet been commissioned.
Install a second CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module on a luminaire (or on a nearby pole) for which the lamp is on (that is, the luminaire does not have communications with the Segment Controller). This second CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module should have direct line-of-sight with the previously installed CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module. Ensure that the two modules are within 85 meters (275 feet) of one another.
Verify that the newly installed CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module’s amber LED is on to indicate that the module has good radio frequency (RF)
6
Locking-type photocontrol receptacles are available from companies such as Ripley Lighting
Controls (for example, their 5927 or 5926 Receptacle with Cast Housing can accommodate the Street Light Bridge module).
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Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
communication with a previously installed module; see Verifying Successful Installation. If the newly installed CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module does not have a sufficient RF signal with a nearby CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module, reinstall the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module in a different location (perhaps closer to or within a different line-of-sight of a previously installed CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module).
After you install the second CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module, wait a few minutes for the Segment Controller to discover and commission it. When the
CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module’s green LED is on solid, the module has
been discovered and commissioned. Within a few more minutes, one or more lamps should turn off as the Segment Controller discovers and commissions the luminaires. If all of the lamps are off, the installation is complete.
For those lamps that do not turn off, install additional CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules to further extend the communications range of the Segment Controller.
If a newly installed CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module does not cause any lamps to turn off (perhaps because the newly installed module exceeds the maximum hop count or range), it is likely that you need return to step 1 to install a new Segment Controller.
Step 4: Complete Installation
After all of the luminaires, the Segment Controller, and the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules are installed, you can establish remote communications with the Segment Controller and can manage the installed network. For example, you can modify the installation information for each of the luminaires and CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules, and define schedules for the lights within the network. These tasks are typically performed by a network integrator.
Recommendation: For installations in which each luminaire has its photocell removed to allow network communications to manage the luminaires (for example, a typical US installation), install a small number of luminaires (perhaps 20 to 30) and CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules each day so that you can minimize the amount of time that any luminaire remains on (out of communications with the Segment Controller).
For installations in which the luminaires are managed by monitoring software (such as Streetlight.Vision Data Collect) and have group switching established,
normal switching operations control the lamps’ behavior (that is, they are off
during the day and on at night). Thus, for such preconfigured networks, you can install as many luminaires as required for the project without concern for the amount of time that any luminaire remains on.
Existing Installations
Installation for existing street lighting networks is similar to installation for new networks. In general, you can add new luminaires and CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules to add new segments to the network, or you can relocate, reassign, or replace existing luminaires or CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules based on the needs of the network.
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If a luminaire or CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module fails, you can use the Segment Controller Web pages to determine which device is bad. You can decommission the failing device, physically replace the failing device, assign the new device’s Neuron ID to the decommissioned device, then recommission it. See Chapter 5, Managing a Street Lighting Network, for more information about these tasks.
Verifying Successful Installation
You can verify a successful Street Light Bridge installation in two ways:
 Verify the states of the power LED and the RF signal LED – both LEDs
are off initially
 Query the status of the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module from the
Segment Controller
See Testing Devices for more information about using the Segment Controller to verify Street Light Bridge installation.
Verify Green Power LED State
The green power LED turns on as soon as possible after you supply power to the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module. The state of the power LED depends on the state of the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module:
 If the module is configured and running normally, the power LED is on
solid.
 If the module is not configured, but is otherwise operating normally, the
power LED flashes at a ½ Hz rate.
 If there is a serious error, the power LED flashes at a 4 Hz rate. In this
case, the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module continues to operate as well as possible, but functionality could be reduced. You can manually reset the device to attempt to recover and restore functionality. You can also query the module’s error log to determine the cause of the problem. If the problem persists, replace the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module.
Verify Amber RF LED State
The amber RF signal LED is used during installation to indicate whether the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module can establish RF communications with a nearby CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module. If so, the RF signal flashes in a pattern that represents the signal quality, as shown in Figure 4.
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Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
Figure 4. RF Signal Quality as Represented by the RF Signal LED
The flashing pattern of the RF signal LED allows the installer to confirm good RF communications with nearby CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules without having to return to the Segment Controller. Echelon does not recommend using a link that indicates poor or no margin; such a link is likely to have poor reliability.
However, the RF communications indicated by the LED could possibly be with an unrelated street lighting network that uses a different Segment Controller than the network into which you installed the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module. In addition, the quality of the RF communications link has some dependency on ambient temperature conditions, so you should verify RF communications at extreme temperatures as well as at nominal temperatures.
By default, both LEDs turn off after one hour. You can modify this timeout value by updating the nciLedTimeout data point. Setting this data point to zero disables LED shutoff (that is, the LEDs remain on or flashing indefinitely). See Appendix A, Interoperable Interface for the Street Light Bridge, for more information about this and other data points that comprise the Street Light Bridge interoperable interface.
Example Installations
You can install CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules in almost any configuration to provide power line and radio frequency communications for street lights within a street lighting solution.
In the figures, the street lights in the figures are shown in straight lines, but they could be in any physical configuration. Also, the service distribution transformers are shown installed on utility poles, but the transformers could be pad mounted.
Basic Installation
Figure 5 and Figure 6 shows a basic installation with a Segment Controller and two CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules. The Segment Controller uses the power line communications channel for the nearest set of luminaires, and two CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules provide the communications bridge between the two service distribution transformers.
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Note that the Segment Controller does not share a power line connection with the luminaires on the other side of the RF bridge; the CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules forward all communications between the two network segments.
Figure 5. Basic Street Light Bridge Installation (Typical US Installation)
Figure 6. Basic Street Light Bridge Installation (Typical European Installation)
Extending a Basic Installation
A single CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module can communicate with more than one companion CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module to define a more complex configuration. Figure 7 shows an extension to the configuration shown in Figure 5 (a European installation is not shown, but can be extended in the same way). A single CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge module communicates with three CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules to further extend the range of the Segment Controller and provide communications to a greater number of luminaires.
Communications between the Segment Controller and the network segments in
the foreground (the bottom of Figure 7) connect to the Segment Controller’s
network segment through an RF hop.
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Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
Figure 7. Extending the Street Light Bridge Installation
Adding Multiple RF Hops
Because CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules provide communications across power line boundaries, you can connect them in a series to provide maximum range extension. Figure 8 shows such an extension from the configuration shown in Figure 7. By adding CRD 3000 Street Light Bridge modules in series as shown in the bottom portion of Figure 8, you can create complex networks to provide power line and RF communications for almost any physical configuration of luminaires in a street lighting solution.
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