Echelon 76510R User Manual
®
@echelon
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide
SECOND REVIEW DRAFT
078-0439-01A
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Welcome
Intelligent street lighting uses electronic ballasts, power line communications
hardware, and local network controllers that are interconnected with specialized
control and reporting software. A street lighting network establishes two-way
communications with each lighting fixture so that you can control the lighting
level of each fixture, turn it on and off, and monitor its condition.
The luminaires in a street lighting network use a L
communications channel for the network, which is managed by an Echelon
i
.LON® SmartServer, known as the Segment Controller because it controls
segments of the street lighting network. To extend the network across lowvoltage step-down distribution transformers, Echelon introduces a power line and
radio frequency (RF) wireless hybrid device, the Street Light Bridge module.
This document describes the elements of the Echelon street lighting solution,
including the Street Light Bridge module and the Segment Controller.
Audience
This document assumes that you understand basic networking and that you have
some experience working with an
understand the basics of a low-voltage power distribution network.
Related Documentation
ONWORKS
i
.LON SmartServer. It also assumes that you
®
power line
The following manuals are available from the Echelon Web site
www.echelon.com) and provide additional information that can help you manage
(
a street lighting network:
i.LON SmartServer 2.0 User's Guide
•
describes how to configure the
applications to manage control networks.
Introduction to the LONW
•
provides an introduction to the ISO/IEC 14908-1 (ANSI/CEA-709.1 and
EN14908) Control Network Protocol, and provides a high-level
introduction to L
are used for developing, installing, operating, and maintaining them.
All of the Echelon documentation is available in Adobe
PDF files, you must have a current version of the Adobe Reader
download from Adobe at:
FCC Compliance
If the wide-are network (WAN) Card will be integrated into an American
National Standards Institute (ANSI) Internet protocol (IP) Meter, and used
within the United States of America, then the complete ANSI IP Meter (including
the WAN Card) must comply with United States Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) regulations. In addition, the accompanying documentation
for the complete product would need to include a notice such as the following:
(078-0345-01E). This document
i
.LON SmartServer and use its
ORKS
Platform
ONWORKS networks and the tools and components that
get.adobe.com/reader.
(078-0183-01B). This manual
®
PDF format. To view the
®
, which you can
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide iii
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules per sections
15.107 and 15.109. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if
not installed and used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruction
manual, may cause interference with radio communications. However, there
is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If
this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, you
are encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the
following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that
which the receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for
help.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
RF Statements
This equipment also complies with the limits for wireless devices per FCC
sections 15.203, 15.205, 15.207, 15.209 and 15.247. It uses frequency 2.4 GHz
per Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard 802.15.42006, and uses a frequency bandwidth from 2400 MHz to 2483.5 MHz.
This equipment complies with the FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for
an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated
with a minimum distance of 20 centimeters between the radiator and your body.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any
other antenna or transmitter.
iv
Table of Contents
Welcome.........................................................................................................iii
Audience ........................................................................................................iii
Related Documentation ................................................................................iii
FCC Compliance............................................................................................iii
RF Statements............................................................................................... iv
Introduction........................................................................................................ 9
The Echelon Street Lighting Solution ........................................................ 10
The Segment Controller ........................................................................11
Luminaires and Street Light Controllers ............................................12
Street Light Bridge Modules ................................................................ 12
Benefits of Managed Street Lighting.......................................................... 13
Examples................................................................................................ 14
Street Lighting Solution Restrictions ......................................................... 15
Installation for the Street Lighting Solution .................................................. 17
Overview ....................................................................................................... 18
New Installations ......................................................................................... 18
Step 1: Install the Segment Controller ................................................20
Step 2: Install Luminaires .................................................................... 20
Step 3: Install Street Light Bridge Modules........................................ 21
Step 4: Complete Installation ............................................................... 22
Existing Installations ..................................................................................22
Verifying Successful Installation ................................................................22
Example Installations.................................................................................. 24
Basic Installation................................................................................... 24
Extending a Basic Installation ............................................................. 24
Adding Multiple RF Hops .....................................................................25
Setting Up the Segment Controller................................................................. 27
Placing the Segment Controller in Standalone Mode................................ 28
Placing a Network in Standalone Mode............................................... 28
Network Limitations in Standalone Mode........................................... 28
Configuring the LonWorks Channel for Power Line Repeating ............... 29
Copying Resource Files................................................................................ 30
Automatically Discovering Devices............................................................. 30
Planning for the Street Lighting Solution ...................................................... 33
Security Planning......................................................................................... 34
General Network Communications Security .......................................34
Network Security for Device Installation ............................................35
Device Upgrade Planning............................................................................ 36
Network Management Planning ................................................................. 36
Defining the Networking Channels...................................................... 36
Signal Strength ...............................................................................37
Defining the Media Access Protocol .....................................................37
Preparing the Segment Controller ....................................................... 38
Preparing the Street Light Bridge Modules ........................................ 38
Preparing the Luminaires..................................................................... 39
Device Discovery.................................................................................... 39
Defining Repeating................................................................................ 40
PL/PL Repeater ............................................................................... 40
RF/RF Repeater............................................................................... 41
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide v
PL/RF Repeater............................................................................... 41
Scheduling.............................................................................................. 42
Device and Network Recovery Planning .................................................... 42
Scenario 1: Loss of SLB A .....................................................................43
Scenario 2: Brief Loss of SLB B............................................................ 43
Scenario 3: Prolonged Loss of SLB B ...................................................43
Simulating Communications Errors........................................................... 44
Error Codes................................................................................................... 45
Managing a Street Lighting Network ............................................................. 47
Manually Installing a Street Lighting Network ........................................48
Creating Devices.................................................................................... 48
Entering Device Locations and Neuron IDs ........................................49
Selecting Devices ................................................................................... 49
Installing Devices with Smart Network Management .......................50
Enabling Smart Network Management ........................................50
Installing Devices............................................................................ 51
Checking Device Installation Status .............................................51
Troubleshooting Street Lighting Network Installation............................. 53
Maintaining a Street Lighting Network..................................................... 53
Analyzing a Power Line Repeating Network....................................... 54
Adding Devices ......................................................................................64
Upgrading Devices................................................................................. 64
Replacing Devices .................................................................................. 67
Decommissioning Devices ..................................................................... 69
Setting Devices Offline.......................................................................... 71
Testing Devices...................................................................................... 72
Querying Devices ............................................................................73
Winking Devices.............................................................................. 75
Deleting Devices .................................................................................... 76
Controlling a Street Lighting Network........................................................... 77
Scheduling Overview ...................................................................................78
Configuring the Real-Time Clock ......................................................... 79
Setting the SmartServer Time ....................................................... 79
Entering the Location of the SmartServer .................................... 82
Creating Event Schedulers ................................................................... 83
Adding Data Point Preset Values......................................................... 87
Selecting Data Points ............................................................................ 88
Creating Scheduled Events................................................................... 90
Creating Exception Schedules .............................................................. 92
Creating One-Time Exceptions ...................................................... 92
Creating Exceptions........................................................................ 95
Demonstrating a Street Lighting Schedule.............................................. 105
Creating the Weekday Schedule......................................................... 106
Creating the Weekday Daily Schedule ........................................ 107
Creating the Weekday Exception Schedule ................................ 109
Creating the Weekend and Holiday Exception Schedules................ 113
Copying Event Schedulers to Other SmartServers .................................120
Interoperable Interface for the Street Light Bridge ......................................123
Interface...................................................................................................... 124
Output Variables ................................................................................. 124
Input Variables.................................................................................... 124
vi
Cryptography License.....................................................................................129
License ........................................................................................................ 130
Glossary...........................................................................................................131
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide vii
1
Introduction
This chapter introduces the Echelon Street Lighting
Solution.
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 9
The Echelon Street Lighting Solution
Energy and maintenance costs are increasing for municipal street lighting.
Recent studies show that the electricity used for street lighting can account for
up to 40% of municipal electric bills. With an estimated 90 million street lights
in Europe and 63 million in North America, efficient use of energy for street
lighting is important, both for economic reasons and for environmental reasons.
Fortunately, components and systems are now available to manage, monitor, and
reduce that electricity demand.
Such a system incorporates several key elements: electronic ballasts, power line
communications hardware, and local network controllers that are interconnected
with specialized control and reporting software. Together, they create a flexible
and powerful control system that simplifies day-to-day operations and facilitates
the implementation of cost-cutting strategies. Establishing two-way
communications with each lighting fixture in a street lighting network allows you
to control the lighting level of each fixture, turn it on and off, and monitor its
condition.
Because each luminaire in a street lighting network is already connected to the
power grid, defining a power line communications channel for the network is a
straightforward way to establish two-way communications with each lighting
fixture. However, in many countries, there are a limited number of luminaires
per low-voltage service distribution transformer, and, in general, a power line
channel cannot maintain communications across a transformer.
Echelon introduces the Echelon
wireless hybrid device that allows communications to bridge the low-voltage
service distribution transformers, and manage an extended street lighting
network.
Figure 1 on page 11 shows part of a basic street lighting network, with a
SmartServer Segment Controller, several street lights, a service distribution
transformer, and a pair of Street Light Bridge Modules. The Segment Controller
uses power line communications to communicate with the street light luminaires
and the Street Light Bridge modules. The Street Light Bridge modules use radio
frequency communications to communicate with each other, and thus provide a
communications bridge across the service distribution transformer.
Street Light Bridge module
: a power line and
10 Introduction
Communications
Segment
Controller
Power Line
Street
Light
Bridge
Radio Frequency
Communications
Transformer
Service
Distribution
Figure 1. A Basic Street Lighting Network
Street
Light
Bridge
Because the Street Light Bridge module provides both ISO/IEC 14908-1 Control
Network Protocol power line communications and IEEE 802.15.4 (2.4 GHz) radio
frequency (RF) wireless communications, the street lighting network can
leverage the existing power line circuits to communicate with the luminaires, and
create small RF bridges to bypass the service distribution transformers. Each
Street Light Bridge module manages RF communications with other Street Light
Bridge modules, so that you do not need to set up and manage a complex RF
network – you simply install Street Light Bridge modules to extend power line
communications for the street lighting network.
You manage and control the street lighting network using an Echelon
SmartServer, known as the Segment Controller because it controls segments of
the street lighting network. A Segment Controller can consolidate data from half
a dozen or more service distribution transformers in a municipal residential
environment, allowing you to manage and control up to 200 devices – luminaires
and Street Light Bridge modules. For larger street lighting networks, you can
install additional Segment Controllers.
The Segment Controller
The Segment Controller is a SmartServer 2.0 (or later) that is configured to
manage a street lighting network. You use it to configure the power line channel
for repeating, so that each luminaire and Street Light Bridge module can forward
messages to luminaires and to Street Light Bridge modules within the network,
and you use it to define operational schedules for the luminaires.
3,
See Chapter
Setting Up the Segment Controller
Managing a Street Lighting Network
Street Lighting Network
, on page 77, for more information about the Segment
, on page 47, and Chapter 6,
, on page 27, Chapter 5,
Controlling a
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 11
Controller. See the
about the SmartServer.
i.LON SmartServer 2.0 User's Guide
Luminaires and Street Light Controllers
Each street light in an intelligent street light network must be able to
communicate over a L
luminaire must include a L
an Echelon Power Line Smart Transceiver). If the luminaire does not already
include power line communications, you can add a street light controller
either the luminaire or the street light pole to provide power line
communications.
A luminaire in a street lighting network remains on until it is commissioned by
the Segment Controller. After it is commissioned, the luminaire turns on or off
based on the schedule defined for it by the Segment Controller.
ONWORKS power line communications channel. Thus, each
ONWORKS power line communications chip (such as
Street Light Bridge Modules
A Street Light Bridge module is a power line channel device that extends the
communications range of the Segment Controller. A Street Light Bridge module
uses the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) wireless
personal area network standard 802.15.4 for radio frequency (RF)
communications to allow it to bypass service distribution transformers and
extend the street lighting network.
for more information
1
to
The primary function of a Street Light Bridge module is act as a repeater for the
street lighting network. A Street Light Bridge module can repeat network
packets on the power line channel, an RF channel, or both. The Segment
Controller determines both the route and channel type that the Street Light
Bridge module should use for repeating.
Figure 2 on page 13 shows a simple repeating chain that could be used to relay a
network management command from the Segment Controller to a target device
(a luminaire in this case, but it could be a Street Light Bridge module). In this
example, the repeating chain consists of Repeating Device 1 (a Street Light
Bridge module), which relays the message to Repeating Device 2 (a repeatingenabled luminaire), which relays the command to Repeating Device 3 (a Street
Light Bridge module), which relays the message to the target device (a
luminaire). A luminaire enabled for repeating would use power line repeating. A
Street Light Bridge module could use power line repeating or forward the
message using an RF channel to another Street Light Bridge module.
1
Street light controllers that provide power line communications are available from companies such
as Superior Electronic Lighting Controllers (SELC Ireland Limited), Koninklijke Philips
Electronics.N.V., ROMlight™ International Inc, SCS StreetLight Control Solutions, S.L., Citylone,
Luminext BV, and Siteco Beleuchtungstechnik GmbH.
®
12 Introduction
PL-20 Channel
Device
Repeating
Device 1
Repeating
Device 2
Hop Hop Hop
Device
Repeating Chain
Repeating
Device 3
Figure 2. An Example Repeating Network
Each time that a message is repeated, on either channel type, is a
repeater hop
A message within a street lighting network must be able to reach its destination
in eight or fewer hops. That is, there can be no more than eight repeater hops on
the path (power line, RF, or both) between the Segment Controller and the
luminaire for which a message is destined.
Figure 2 shows three hops between
the Segment Controller and the target luminaire.
From a L
ONWORKS network point of view, a Street Light Bridge module acts like
any other power line device: It has a number of network variables that are used
to provision the Street Light Bridge module and collect status and statistics.
Installation of a Street Light Bridge module is similar to installation for any
power line device. You must add it to the Segment Controller, either by
providing the Segment Controller with the Neuron ID for the Street Light Bridge
module, or by allowing the Segment Controller to automatically discover and
commission the Street Light Bridge module. In either case, power and RF
communication LEDs on the Street Light Bridge module provide a visual cue to
the installer that the Street Light Bridge module is operational. Additional
configuration of the Street Light Bridge module is generally not necessary, but
advanced configuration options are available.
Target
Device
.
Benefits of Managed Street Lighting
A managed street lighting network can offer many benefits, including:
• Electricity use can be reduced – in one installation, by as much as 45%,
which in turn resulted in a 30% reduction in streetlight electricity costs
(US$ 80 000 per year for this installation).
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 13
• Reduction in carbon dioxide (CO
tons per year (corresponding to the 45% reduction in electricity use).
• Lamp failures can be identified within hours, reducing average lamp
downtime by as much as 90%.
• Alarms can be triggered when lamp voltage exceeds recommended levels,
preventing future lamp failures.
• Reduction in lamp replacement costs – for one installation that uses
electronic ballasts that regulate high-pressure sodium lamps, lamp
replacement costs were reduced by 20%.
• Because software enables most operations to be performed remotely, the
number of onsite maintenance operations can be reduced – in one
installation, by at least 30%.
The SmartServer as the Segment Controller can serve as a gateway for a variety
of devices types. It provides:
• Universal connectivity for devices attached to it, making data available to
a city’s IT system.
• Local device monitoring and control through built-in scheduling,
alarming, and data logging applications.
• An astronomical clock, which is used to automatically switch lamps on
and off, thus reducing lamp burning hours and saving energy (compared
to a fixed scheduler or to photocells).
) emissions – in one installation, by 70
2
The SmartServer is the streetlight segment controller and logs and reports lamp
failures, lamp behavior (dimming level and voltage), energy use, and burning
hours. It could also collect information from traffic and weather sensors to adapt
lamp dimming levels. The astronomical clock switches lamps off and on
depending on the position of the sun. Lamps are dimmed at a fixed time, using
the SmartServer’s internal scheduler, during low activity hours at night. This
highly efficient method of controlling light levels results in significant energy
savings. Lamp lifetime is extended due to the way electronic ballasts regulate
the lamp.
Examples
Cities, counties, and other local authorities need ways to contain their expenses
and limit local taxes while increasing the level of service and security they
provide to citizens.
For example, the portion of the United Kingdom budget that is related to
streetlight services is estimated at more than UK£ 280 million per year, of which
40 percent is spent on energy. As another example, the electricity costs for the
city of Los Angeles, California, with 270 000 streetlights, is estimated at over
US$ 17 million per year. Streetlights are the main electricity consumer in a
modern city.
In Milton Keynes, U.K., the managed street lighting system includes dimming
controls that lower light output by 2 lux between the hours of 10 PM (22h00) and
5 AM (05h00). As a result, the city has reduced its electricity use by 30%.
Furthermore, Milton Keynes installed white light lamps that, in addition to
14 Introduction
offering far longer operating life, have helped the city improve its closed-circuit
television (CCTV) image capturing system for increased public safety.
As stated by the city of Oslo, Norway, in November 2004, cities that take
advantage of today’s new technologies and solutions can reduce the overall costs
associated with streetlight networks by almost 50%, while increasing the quality
of service and safety. The city of Oslo and its energy supplier have shown that
deploying a solution based on electronic programmable and dimmable ballasts
that identify and communicate failures over power lines using a standardized
3
protocol can pay for itself immediately.
Street Lighting Solution Restrictions
The following restrictions apply to a street lighting network:
• Each Segment Controller supports up to a total of 200 devices (luminaires
plus Street Light Bridge modules).
• A Street Light Bridge module must be within 85 meters (275 feet) of
another Street Light Bridge module and should have direct line of sight
in all seasons.
• Each Segment Controller supports up to eight repeating hops to any
device (luminaire or Street Light Bridge module). However, during
installation, there can be no more than six hops (power line or RF)
between any luminaire and the Segment Controller. After installation, it
is possible to add hops (power line or RF), up to the maximum of eight,
between a luminaire and the Segment Controller.
2
2
Source: HBS Case Study, Netherfield Improved Lighting System, Milton Keynes Council, May
2007.
3
Source: Hafslund presentation, November 2004.
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 15
Installation for the Street Lighting
Solution
This chapter describes installation for a street lighting network.
2
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 17
Overview
The process for installing a street lighting network includes the following basic
tasks:
• Install a Segment Controller
• Install luminaires
• Install Street Light Bridge modules, as needed
For a typical new installation, you install the Segment Controller first. However,
you could install luminaires (or have already existing luminaires), and then
install the Segment Controller. In either case, you install Street Light Bridge
modules, as needed, to enable and extend the network. A single Segment
Controller can support up to 200 devices, including both luminaires and Street
Light Bridge modules.
For an existing installation, typically the luminaires and the Segment Controller
are already installed. In this case, you can add additional luminaires to define
additional network segments, or you can install Street Light Bridge modules to
enable and extend the communications range for the network.
To decide when to install a Street Light Bridge module, you generally install
luminaires and add them to the Segment Controller (or allow the Segment
Controller to automatically discover and commission the luminaires), then verify
that they were all commissioned. If any of them could not be commissioned,
install a Street Light Bridge module near one of the commissioned luminaires (to
be sure that the Segment Controller can communicate with the newly installed
Street Light Bridge module). Then, you install a companion Street Light Bridge
module at the luminaire that could not be commissioned so that the Segment
Controller can discover and commission it.
If there are additional uncommissioned luminaires after the installation of the
first pair of Street Light Bridge modules, you can add additional Street Light
Bridge modules, for example, at the end of the first uncommissioned street light
chain and the start of the next chain.
You can repeat these three steps many times to install a complete street lighting
solution. Typically, you install hundreds or thousands of luminaires, a small
number of Segment Controllers, and dozens or hundreds of Street Light Bridge
modules. How many Street Light Bridge modules are required depends on the
number of luminaires each service distribution transformer supports, and on the
kind of network topology that is required for the street lighting solution.
New Installations
Figure 3 on page 19 shows an overview of the basic process for installing
intelligent street lights with Echelon’s Street Light Bridge technology. The
process includes the following basic steps:
1. Install a Segment Controller
2. Install luminaires
3. Install Street Light Bridge modules, as needed
18 Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
Alternatively, you can install the luminaires, and then install the Segment
Controller. However, this document does not describe details for this alternate
installation scenario.
START
OR
Install i.LON
i.LON Segment
1
Controller is in
Acquisition Mode to
discover luminaires and
SLB modules
Install Luminaires
2
Install luminaires
i.LON Segment
Controller discovers
lamps and turns each off
YES
All
Install Luminaires
Install luminaires
Each lamp turns on
Install i.LON
i.LON Segment
Controller discovers as
many lamps as it can,
and turns each one off to
indicate that
communications are
established
Lamps Off?
NO
Install SLB
Install a Street Light
3
Bridge module on a
previously installed
luminaire; install another
Street Light Bridge within
line of sight of the first
DONE
Figure 3. Basic Street Lighting Installation Process
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 19
After your initial network of the Segment Controller and luminaires is defined,
you can add Street Light Bridge modules to extend the communications range of
the network.
Step 1: Install the Segment Controller
Configure the Segment Controller (see Chapter 3,
Controller
lighting solution. For example, you can install it on one of the street light poles
or utility poles (typically below the neutral space) within the area for the street
lighting solution. Ensure that the Segment Controller has power.
Place the Segment Controller into Acquisition Mode; see
Discovering Devices
Controller continually attempts to discover devices (luminaires and Street Light
Bridge modules) on the power line network. In Acquisition Mode, the Segment
Controller’s Service LED flashes at 4 Hz.
As the Segment Controller establishes communications with each luminaire and
commissions it, the Segment Controller turns the lamp off.
Note that if you install luminaires first, all of the lamps within the network stay
on until you install the Segment Controller. Some installations might require
several days of installation time, so some of the lamps could remain on for one or
more days.
Recommendation: For installations in which the luminaires are managed by
monitoring software (such as Streetlight.Vision Data Collect) and have group
switching established, install the Segment Controller during the day so that the
schedule defined by the monitoring software can specify the luminaire’s behavior
(that is, the schedule should specify that lamps are off during the day) as the
Segment Controller establishes communications with each luminaire. Thus, you
can receive visual confirmation that the Segment Controller has established
communications with each luminaire.
, on page 27) and install it at any convenient location for the street
on page 30. While in Acquisition Mode, the Segment
Setting Up the Segment
Automatically
When all of the lamps are off, the installation is complete. For any that do not
turn off, proceed to Step 3 to install Street Light Bridge modules; the Segment
Controller will discover and commission the installed luminaires through the
Street Light Bridge modules.
Step 2: Install Luminaires
Install one or more luminaires. Each luminaire’s lamp should turn on to indicate
that it has power.
Allow the Segment Controller to discover and commission each installed
luminaire. If you install the luminaires before the Segment Controller, record
each luminaire’s physical location so that you can enter this information into the
SmartServer Device Web page for each luminaire. For example, record the
luminaire’s GPS coordinates, pole ID, or map grid reference.
If you install the Segment Controller before any of the luminaires, the Segment
Controller will discover and commission each luminaire as it is installed. If a
given lamp does not turn off within approximately two minutes, you should
assume that the Segment Controller cannot communicate with the luminaire,
and you should proceed to step 3.
20 Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
If you install the luminaires before the Segment Controller, the Segment
Controller will discover and commission all of the luminaires; however, this
process could take some time.
After an installed luminaire is discovered and commissioned by the Segment
Controller, the lamp should turn off. For any that do not turn off, proceed to Step
3 to install Street Light Bridge modules; the Segment Controller will discover the
installed luminaires through the Street Light Bridge modules.
Step 3: Install Street Light Bridge Modules
Install a Street Light Bridge module to extend the communications range of the
Segment Controller.
Return to any previously installed luminaire for which the lamp is off (that is, it
has communications with the Segment Controller). Install the Street Light
Bridge module on the luminaire or on a pole near the luminaire, and record its
physical location (GPS coordinates, pole ID, or map grid reference) and its
Neuron ID (the barcoded number printed on or attached to the module); or
alternatively, let the Segment Controller automatically discover and commission
the Street Light Bridge module.
You can install the Street Light Bridge module in the luminaire’s photocell
receptor after removing the photocell. For luminaraires that do not have a
photocell receptor, you need to add a locking-type photocontrol receptacle that
4
conforms to the ANSI C136.10 standard.
receptor or locking-type photocontrol receptacle, and turn the module ¼ turn
clockwise to lock it into position.
Insert the module into the photocell
The Street Light Bridge module has a green LED to indicate that it is receiving
power. In addition, if this LED is on solid, the Street Light Bridge module has
been discovered and commissioned by the Segment Controller; if this LED is
flashing slowly, the Street Light Bridge module has not yet been commissioned.
Install a second Street Light Bridge module on a luminaire (or on a nearby pole)
not
for which the lamp is on (that is, the luminaire does
with the Segment Controller). This second Street Light Bridge module should
have direct line-of-sight with the previously installed Street Light Bridge module.
Ensure that the two modules are within 85 meters (275 feet) of one another.
Verify that the newly installed Street Light Bridge module’s amber LED is on to
indicate that the module has good radio frequency (RF) communication with a
previously installed module; see
the newly installed Street Light Bridge module does not have a sufficient RF
signal with a nearby Street Light Bridge module, reinstall the Street Light
Bridge module in a different location (perhaps closer to or within a different lineof-sight of a previously installed Street Light Bridge module).
After you install the second Street Light Bridge module, wait a few minutes for
the Segment Controller to discover and commission it. When the Street Light
Bridge module’s green LED is on solid, the module has been discovered and
commissioned. Within a few more minutes, one or more lamps should turn off as
Verifying Successful Installation
have communications
on page 22. If
4
Locking-type photocontrol receptacles are available from companies such as Ripley Lighting
Controls (for example, their 5927 or 5926 Receptacle With Cast Housing can accommodate the
Street Light Bridge module).
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 21
the Segment Controller discovers and commissions the luminaires. If all of the
lamps are off, the installation is complete.
For those lamps that do not turn off, install additional Street Light Bridge
modules to further extend the communications range of the Segment Controller.
If a newly installed Street Light Bridge module does not cause any lamps to turn
off (perhaps because the newly installed module exceeds the maximum hop count
or range), it is likely that you need return to step 1 to install a new Segment
Controller.
Step 4: Complete Installation
After all of the luminaires, the Segment Controller, and the Street Light Bridge
modules are installed, you can establish remote communications with the
Segment Controller and can manage the installed network. For example, you can
modify the installation information (the Neuron IDs and physical location
information) for each of the luminaires and Street Light Bridge modules, and
define schedules for the lights within the network. These tasks are typically
performed by a network integrator.
Recommendation: For installations in which each luminaire has its photocell
removed to allow network communications to manage the luminaires (for
example, a typical US installation), install a small number of luminaires
(perhaps 20 to 30) and Street Light Bridge modules each day so that you can
minimize the amount of time that any luminaire remains on (out of
communications with the Segment Controller).
For installations in which the luminaires are managed by monitoring software
(such as Streetlight.Vision Data Collect) and have group switching established,
normal switching operations control the lamps’ behavior (that is, they are off
during the day and on at night). Thus, for such preconfigured networks, you can
install as many luminaires as required for the project without concern for the
amount of time that any luminaire remains on.
Existing Installations
Installation for existing street lighting networks is similar to installation for new
networks. In general, you can add new luminaires and Street Light Bridge
modules to add new segments to the network, or you can relocate, reassign, or
replace existing luminaires or Street Light Bridge modules based on the needs of
the network.
If a luminaire or Street Light Bridge module fails, you can use the Segment
Controller Web pages to determine which device is bad. You can physically
replace the failing device, and then replace it in the Segment Controller by
assigning a new Neuron ID to it and recommissioning it. See Chapter
Managing a Street Lighting Network
these tasks.
, on page 47, for more information about
Verifying Successful Installation
5,
You can verify a successful Street Light Bridge installation in two ways:
• Verify the states of the power LED and the RF signal LED
22 Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
• Query the status of the Street Light Bridge module from the Segment
Controller
See
Testing Devices
Controller to verify Street Light Bridge installation.
Both Street Light Bridge LEDs are off initially, but the green power LED turns
on as soon as possible after you supply power to the device. The state of the
power LED depends on the state of the Street Light Bridge module:
• If the Street Light Bridge module is configured and running normally,
the power LED is on solid.
• If the Street Light Bridge module is not configured, but is otherwise
operating normally, the power LED flashes at a ½ Hz rate.
• If there is an error during initialization, or if the cause of reset was a
watchdog reset, the power LED flashes at a 4 Hz rate. You can manually
reset the device to clear the cause of reset.
Generally, although a rapidly flashing power LED indicates some problem, the
Street Light Bridge module operates normally if it can. Thus, you should be able
to query the error log and attempt to fix the problem.
The orange RF signal LED is used during installation to indicate whether the
Street Light Bridge module can establish RF communications with a nearby
Street Light Bridge module. If so, the RF signal flashes in a pattern that
represents the signal quality, as shown in
on page 72 for more information about using the Segment
Figure 4.
Figure 4. RF Signal Quality as Represented by the RF Signal LED
The flashing pattern of the RF signal LED allows the installer to confirm good
RF communications with nearby Street Light Bridge modules without having to
return to the Segment Controller.
However, these RF communications could possibly be with an unrelated street
lighting network that uses a different
which you installed the Street Light Bridge module. Thus, you should ensure
that the Street Light Bridge module can communicate with its Segment
Controller.
By default, both LEDs turn off after one hour. You can modify this timeout value
by updating the nciLedTimeout configuration network variable. Setting this
configuration network variable to zero disables LED shutoff (that is, the LEDs
remain on or flashing indefinitely).
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 23
Segment Controller than the network into
Example Installations
You can install Street Light Bridge modules in almost any configuration to
provide power line and radio frequency communications for street lights within a
street lighting solution.
In the figures, the arrows represent RF communications between the Street Light
Bridge modules. Although the street lights in the figures are shown in straight
lines, they could be in any physical configuration.
Basic Installation
Figure 5 shows a basic installation with a Segment Controller and two Street
Light Bridge modules. The Segment Controller uses the power line
communications channel for the nearest set of luminaires, and two Street Light
Bridge modules provide the communications bridge across the service
distribution transformer to cross electrical phases.
Figure 5. Basic Street Light Bridge Installation
Extending a Basic Installation
A single Street Light Bridge module can communicate with more than one
companion Street Light Bridge module to define a more complex configuration.
Figure 6 on page 25 shows an extension to the configuration shown in Figure 5.
A single Street Light Bridge module communicates with three Street Light
Bridge modules to further extend the range of the Segment Controller and
provide communications to a greater number of luminaires.
communications with luminaires that do not share a power line connection with
the Segment Controller.
24 Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
Figure 6 also shows
Figure 6. Extending the Street Light Bridge Installation
Adding Multiple RF Hops
Because Street Light Bridge modules provide communications across power line
boundaries, you can connect them in a series to provide maximum range
extension.
Figure 6. By adding Street Light Bridge modules in series as shown in the
bottom portion of
line and RF communications for almost any physical configuration of luminaires
in a street lighting solution.
Figure 7 shows such an extension from the configuration shown in
Figure 7, you can create complex networks to provide power
Figure 7. Adding Multiple RF Hops
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 25
26 Installation for the Street Lighting Solution
Setting Up the Segment Controller
This chapter describes the tasks required to set up the Segment
Controller.
3
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 27
Placing the Segment Controller in Standalone Mode
A street lighting network is a power line repeating network, which requires that
the Segment Controller operate in standalone mode. This mode allows the
Segment Controller to operate as the exclusive network manager of the system,
and to establish and maintain the appropriate repeating chains. A
is the path a message must travel on the PL-20 or RF channel from the
chain
Segment Controller to one or more repeating devices (luminaires or Street Light
Bridge modules) before reaching the target device (a luminaire or a Street Light
Bridge module).
In standalone mode, the Segment Controller controls the network management
commands sent to the devices attached to its channel (note that for a network
operating in LNS mode, LNS would handle these commands). In standalone
mode, the Segment Controller can directly download the application image file to
the devices and commission, set the application state (online/offline), wink, test,
and reset the devices attached to its channel.
repeating
Placing a Network in Standalone Mode
To set a network to standalone mode using the SmartServer Web pages, perform
the following steps:
1. Open the SmartServer Web pages, as described in Chapter 3 of the
SmartServer 2.0 User’s Guide
2. Click the Net network to display the Lon Display Property page.
3. From the Setup tab, select Standalone.
4. Click Submit. A dialog appears informing you that the SmartServer is
switching to standalone mode.
It could take several minutes for the SmartServer to switch to standalone mode.
After the SmartServer has switched to standalone mode, the dialog closes and
you can continue preparing your SmartServer for the network installation.
.
Network Limitations in Standalone Mode
Managing a power line repeating network in standalone mode has the following
restrictions:
i.LON
• Network is limited to a maximum of approximately 200 devices.
• Network is limited to a single channel.
28 Setting Up the
Segment
Controller
• Network cannot have a router attached to the channel.
• Network does not use LNS management.
• Devices cannot be configured with LNS Plug-ins
• Network cannot be connected to any other network management tool
through the network interface or remote network interface.
• L
ONWORKS network variable connections are not supported. A network
in standalone mode functions strictly as a master-slave system. This
differs from the standard LNS mode in which the devices attached to the
SmartServer’s channel can communicate with each other and the
SmartServer in a peer-to-peer manner.
Configuring the LonWorks Channel for Power Line Repeating
For a power line repeating network, the LON channel attached to the
SmartServer must be configured as a PL-20C or a PL-20N channel and repeating
must be enabled on the channel. To configure the channel, perform the following
steps:
1. Expand the Net network, and then click the LON channel to display the
Lon Network Property page.
2. From the Setup tab, select the PL-20C, PL-20N, or other appropriate
channel type from the Channel Type dropdown listbox.
Important: The channel type that you select must match the channel
type required by local regulations for the area of device deployment. The
channel type must also match the channel settings for all devices that
will participate in power line communications with the Segment
Controller.
3. Select the Repeating checkbox to enable repeating on the channel.
4. If a network message fails, a data point and its device are marked offline.
You can select the Use Minimal Offline Time checkbox so that all the
data points on the offline device with pending network messages
(read/write requests, polls, or heartbeats) are marked offline and network
messages are not sent to them. Thus, network performance is not
impacted by an offline device.
You can also set the minimum period of time (in seconds) that the
SmartServer waits before transmitting network messages to offline data
points. During this period, an offline device transmits an OFFLINE
Street Light Bridge Integrator’s Guide 29
status in response to data point requests. After the Minimal Offline Time
elapses, the SmartServer sends a read/write request to one offline data
point. If the read/write request succeeds, the data point and its device
are marked online, and all cached read/write requests for the offline data
points on the device are executed. If you do not configure this property on
a power line repeating channel, it is set to 60 seconds.
5. Optionally, you can set the Use Offline Delay property to specify the
period of time (in seconds) that the SmartServer waits before marking a
data point and its parent device offline (red) in the SmartServer tree after
the LON driver detects that the data point is offline.
For example, if you poll a data point every 5 minutes and you set Use
Offline Delay to 1 hour, it takes 12 polls for the data point and its parent
device to be marked offline—even though the LON driver detected that it
could not communicate with the data point after the first poll.
6. Optionally, you can click Advanced to set the retry timer and retry counts
that determine the frequency in which network messages are re-sent to a
device after no confirmation of delivery is received. Although you can
change these properties, it is recommended that you use the default
transmit timer (512 ms) and the default retry count (3).
7. Click Submit.
Copying Resource Files
The Segment Controller needs a copy of the resource files for each device type
(luminaire and Street Light Bridge module) in the street lighting network. You
can obtain the appropriate resource files for the Street Light Bridge modules
from the Echelon Web site; you can obtain the appropriate resource files for each
luminaire type from the manufacturer.
To copy these files to the Segment Controller:
1. Open an FTP connection to the Segment Controller. See the
SmartServer 2.0 User’s Guide
the SmartServer.
2. Copy the files from the downloaded (or otherwise provided) resource file
to the /lonworks/Import and /lonworks/types folders in the SmartServer.
For the /lonworks/Import folder, Street Light Bridge module files are
copied to the /Echelon subfolder. For a luminaire, its files are copied to a
folder defined by the manufacturer.
for more information about using FTP with
Automatically Discovering Devices
If you want the Segment Controller to automatically discover and commission
luminaires and Street Light Bridge modules within the network, you can place
the Segment Controller in Acquisition Mode. To enable this mode, perform the
following steps:
i.LON
1. Open the SmartServer Web pages, as described in Chapter 3 of the
SmartServer 2.0 User’s Guide
30 Setting Up the
.
Segment
i.LON
Controller
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