Dynasonics TFXL User Manual
TFXL Clamp-On Ultrasonic Flow
Meter for Liquids
06-TTM-UM-00158 (August 2012)
Installation & Operation Manual
2 06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICKSTART OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ......5
Q1 - Transducer Location
Q2 - Pipe Preparation and Transducer Mounting
(Integral DTTS and DTTC Transducers)
(DTTN and DTTH Transducers)
Q3 - Electrical Connections ...............................................................6
POWER CONNECTIONS
TRANSDUCER CONNECTIONS
Q4 - Startup...........................................................................................7
INITIAL SETTINGS AND POWER UP
INTR ODUCTI ON ................................................... 7
General
Application Versatility
Product Identi cation .........................................................................8
PART 1 TRANSMITTER INSTALLATION ........... 8
General...................................................................................................9
Transducer Co nnectio ns
DC Power Connections ..................................................................... 10
PART 2 TRANSDUCER INSTALLATION .......... 10
General
Step 1 - Mounting Location
Step 2 - Transducer Spacing ............................................................11
Step 3 - Entering Pipe and Liquid Data .........................................12
Step 4 - Transducer Mounting
Pipe Preparation
V-Mount and W-Mount Installation ............................................. 13
Application of Couplant
Transducer Positio ning
DTTS/DTTC Small Pipe Transducer Installation ..........................14
Mounting Transducers in Z-Mount Con guration ..................... 15
Mounting Track Installation ............................................................16
PART 3 INPUTS/OUTPUTS .............................. 16
General
4-20 mA Output
Totalizer Outputs Option for TFXL .................................................17
Frequency Output
PART 4 ULTRALINK UTILITY ...........................18
Introduction
System Requirements
Installation
Initialization
Basic Tab ..............................................................................................19
General
Tra ns du cer
Flow Tab...............................................................................................20
Filtering Tab ........................................................................................21
Output Tab ..........................................................................................22
Channel 1 - 4-20 mA Con guration/ Pulse
Setting Zero and Calibration ..........................................................23
Target Dbg Data Screen - De nitions ...........................................24
Saving Meter Con guration on a PC
Printing a Flow Meter Con guration Report
APPENDIX .......................................................... 25
Speci cations .....................................................................................26
Product Matrix ...................................................................................27
TFXL Error Codes ................................................................................28
Control Drawings ..............................................................................29
Brad Harrison® Connector Option ................................................. 31
K-Factors Explained .......................................................................... 32
Fluid Properties ..................................................................................34
Symbol Explanations ........................................................................36
Pipe Charts .......................................................................................... 37
06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012 3
FIGURES
TABLES
Figure Q.1 - Transducer Mounting Con gurations ...................... 5
Figure Q.2 - Transducer orientation ................................................6
Figure Q.3 - Power Connections
Figure Q.4 - Remote Mount Connections .......................................7
Figure 1.1 - Ultrasound Transmission .............................................. 7
Figure 1.2 - Enclosure Dimensions ................................................... 8
Figure 1.3 - Transducer Connections ............................................... 9
Figure 1.4 - DC Power Connections ...............................................10
Figure 2.1 -
Figure 2.2 - Transducer Orientation - Horizontal Pipes ............. 13
Figure 2.3 - Transducer Alignment Marks
Figure 2.4 - Application of Couplant
Figure 2.5 - Transducer Positioning
Figure 2.6 - Application of Acoustic Couplant -
Figure 2.7 - Data Display Screen
Figure 2.8 - Calibration Page 3 of 3
Figure 2.9 - Calibration Points Editor
Figure 2.10 - Edit Calibration Points ..............................................15
Figure 2.11 - Paper Template Alignment
Figure 2.12 - Bisecting the Pipe Circumference
Figure 2.13 - Z-Mount Transducer Placement ..............................16
Figure 2.14 - Mounting Track Installation
Transducer Mounting Modes - DTTN & DTTH
DTTS/DTTC Transducers ............................................. 14
.............. 11
Table 2.1 - Piping Con guration and Transducer Positioning
Table 2.2 - Transducer Mounting Modes - DTTN and DTTH
Table 2.3 - Transducer Mounting Modes - DTTS / DTTC ........... 12
Table 4.1 - Transducer Frequencies ................................................20
Table 4.2 - Exponent Values
Table A-5.1 - DTFX Ultra Error Codes .............................................28
Table A-8.1 - Fluid Properties ..........................................................34
Table A-10.1 - ANSI Pipe Data ..........................................................37
Table A-10.2 - ANSI Pipe Data .........................................................38
Table A-10.3 - Copper Tube Data ...................................................39
Table A-10.4 - Ductile Iron Pipe Data ............................................40
Table A-10.5 - Cast Iron Pipe Data .................................................41
...... 11
Figure 3.1 - Allowable Loop Resistance.........................................17
Figure 3.2 - 4-20 mA Output
Figure 3.3 - TFXL Totalizer Output Option
Figure 3.4 - Frequency Output Switch Settings
Figure 3.5 Figure 3.6 - Frequency Output Waveform (Square Wave)
Figure 4.1 - PC Connection .............................................................. 18
Figure 4.2 - Data Display Screen .................................................... 19
Figure 4.3 - Basic Tab
Figure 4.4 - Flow Tab .........................................................................20
Figure 4.5 - Filtering Tab ...................................................................21
Figure 4.6 - Output Tab ....................................................................22
Figure 4.7 - Calibration Page 1 of 3 ...............................................23
Figure 4.8 - Calibration Page 2 of 3
Figure 4.9 - Calibration Page 3 of 3 ...............................................24
Figure A-6.1 - Control Drawing I.S. Barrier DTT Transducers ........
Figure A-6.2 - Control Drawing I.S. Barrier DTT Transducers
Figure A-7.1 - Brad Harrison® Connections ................................... 31
Frequency Output Waveform (Simulated Turbine)
Flexible Conduit........................................................30
...18
29
4 06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012
QUICKSTART OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS
This manual contains detailed operating instructions for all
aspects of the TFXL instrument. The following condensed
instructions are provided to assist the operator in getting the
instrument started up and running as quickly as possible.
This pertains to basic operation only. If speci c instrument
features are to be used or if the installer is unfamiliar with this
type of instrument, refer to the appropriate section in the
manual for complete details.
* NOMINAL VALUES FOR THESE PARAMETERS ARE
INCLUDED WITHIN THE TFXL OPERATING SYSTEM. THE
NOMINAL VALUES MAY BE USED AS THEY APPEAR OR
MAY BE MODIFIED IF THE EXACT SYSTEM VALUES ARE
KNOWN.
4) Record the value calculated and displayed as Transducer Spacing.
Q2 PIPE PREPARATION AND TRANSDUCER
MOUNTING
NOTE: The following steps require information supplied by
the TFXL meter itself so it will be necessary to supply power
to the unit, at least temporarily, and connect to a computer
using ULTRALINK to obtain setup information.
Q1 TRANSDUCER LOCATION
1) In general, select a mounting location on the piping
system with a minimum of 10 pipe diameters (10 × the
pipe inside diameter) of straight pipe upstream and 5
straight diameters downstream. See Table 2.1 for addi-
tional con gurations.
2) If the application requires DTTN or DTTH transducers
select a mounting method for the transducers based on
pipe size and liquid characteristics. See Table 2.2. Trans-
ducer con gurations are illustrated in Figure Q.1 below.
NOTE: All DTTS and DTTC transducers use V-Mount
con guration.
3) Enter the following data into the TFXL transmitter via
the ULTRALINK™ software utility:
1. Transducer mounting method
2. Pipe O.D. (Outside Diameter)
3. Pipe wall thickness
4. Pipe material
5. Pipe sound speed*
6. Pipe relative roughness*
7. Pipe liner thickness
8. Pipe liner material
9. Fluid type
10. Fluid sound speed*
11. Fluid viscosity*
12. Fluid speci c gravity*
INTEGRAL & REMOTE DTTS AND DTTC
TRANSDUCERS
1) Refer to the signal strength values available on the Data
Display screen in the ULTRALINK software utility.
2) The pipe surface, where the transducers are to be
mounted, must be clean and dry. Remove scale, rust or
loose paint to ensure satisfactory acoustic conduction.
Wire brushing the rough surfaces of pipes to smooth
bare metal may also be useful. Plastic pipes do not
require preparation other than cleaning.
On horizontal pipe, choose a ow meter mounting
location within approximately 45-degrees of the side of
the pipe. See Figure Q.2. Locate the ow meter so that
the pipe will be completely full of liquid when ow is
occurring in the pipe. Avoid mounting on vertical pipes
where the ow is moving in a downward direction.
3) Apply a single ½” (12 mm) bead of acoustic couplant
grease to the top half of the transducer and secure it to
the pipe with bottom half or U-bolts.
4) Tighten the nuts so that the acoustic coupling grease
begins to ow out from the edges of the transducer
and from the gap between the transducer and the pipe.
Finger tighten only. Do not over tighten.
DTTN AND DTTH TRANSDUCERS
1) Place the ow meter in signal strength measuring
mode. This value is available in the data display of the
software utility.
2) The pipe surface, where the transducers are to be
mounted, must be clean and dry. Remove scale, rust or
loose paint to ensure satisfactory acoustic conduction.
Wire brushing the rough surfaces of pipes to smooth
bare metal may also be useful. Plastic pipes do not
require preparation other than cleaning. On horizontal
TOP VIEW
OF PIPE
TOP VIEW
OF PIPE
TOP VIEW
OF PIPE
W-Mount V-Mount Z-Mount
FIGURE Q.1 TRANSDUCER MOUNTING CONFIGURATIONS
06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012 5
pipe, choose a ow meter mounting location within approximately 45-degrees of the side of the pipe. See Figure Q.2. Locate
the ow meter so that the pipe will be completely full of liquid
when ow is occurring in the pipe. Avoid mounting on vertical
TOP OF
PIPE
pipes where the ow is moving in a downward direction.
3) Apply a single ½” (12 mm) bead of acoustic couplant grease
to the upstream transducer and secure it to the pipe with a
45°
45°
mounting strap.
4) Apply acoustic couplant grease to the downstream transducer
and press it onto the pipe using hand pressure at the lineal
YES
YES
distance calculated by the ULTRALINK software utility.
5) Space the transducers according to the recommended values
from the ULTRALINK software utility. Secure the transducers with
45°
45°
the mounting straps at these locations.
FLOW METER
MOUNTING ORIENTATION
DTTS and DTTC TRANSDUCERS
(Integral mount shown)
TOP OF
PIPE
45°
YES
45°
FLOW METER
MOUNTING ORIENTATION
2” DTTS and DTTC TRANSDUCERS
(Remote mount shown)
TOP OF
PIPE
45°
YES
Q3 ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS
POWER CONNECTIONS
1) Power for the TFXL ow meter is obtained from a direct current
(DC) power source. The power source should be capable of
supplying between 11 and 28 VDC at a minimum of 250 milliamps. With the power from the DC power source disabled or
disconnected, connect the positive supply wire and ground to
45°
the appropriate eld wiring terminals in the ow meter. See
Figure Q.3. A wiring diagram decal is located on the inner cover
of the ow meter enclosure for reference.
45°
PIC16F628
O
N
1
DC Ground
11 - 28 VDC
DC Ground
11 - 28 VDC
FIGURE Q.3 POWER CONNECTIONS
TRANSDUCER CONNECTIONS
45°
YES
YES
1) Guide the transducer terminations through the transmitter
(Remote Mount Transducers)
45°
45°
conduit hole located in the bottom-left of the enclosure using
a sealed cord grip or NEMA 4 conduit connection. Secure the
transducer cable with the supplied conduit nut (if exible con-
FLOW METER
MOUNTING ORIENTATION
DTTN and DTTH TRANSDUCERS
duit was ordered with the transducer).
2) The remote mount transducers use an add-in connection board
on the left had side of the meter below the LCD (TFXL 2 version).
The terminals within TFXL are of a screw-down barrier terminal
type. Connect the appropriate wires at the corresponding screw
FIGURE Q.2 TRANSDUCER ORIENTATION
terminals in the transmitter. Observe upstream and downstream
orientation and wire polarity. See Figure Q.4.
6 06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012
Upstream
Transducer
Up Blue/Red
Up White/Black
the sound crosses the pipe once. The selection of how
transducers are mounted on opposite sides of the pipe and
method is based on pipe and liquid characteristics which
both have an e ect on how much signal is generated. The
ow meter operates by alternately transmitting and receiving
a frequency modulated burst of sound energy between the
two transducers and measuring the time interval that it takes
for sound to travel between the two transducers. The di erence in the time interval measured is directly related to the
velocity of the liquid in the pipe.
Down White/Black
Down Blue/Red
Downstream
Transducer
FIGURE Q.4 REMOTE MOUNT CONNECTIONS
Q4 STARTUP
INITIAL SETTINGS AND POWER UP
1) Apply power to the transmitter.
2) Verify that the signal strength is greater than 5.0.
3) Input proper units of measure and I/O data.
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL
The TFXL ultrasonic ow meter is designed to measure
the uid velocity of liquid within a closed conduit. The
transducers are a non-contacting, clamp-on type or clamparound, which will provide bene ts of non-fouling operation
and ease of installation.
APPLICATION VERSATILITY
The TFXL ow meter can be successfully applied on a wide
range of metering applications. The simple-to-program transmitter allows the standard product to be used on pipe sizes
ranging from ½ inch to 100 inches (12 mm to 2540 mm). A
variety of liquid applications can be accommodated:
ultrapure liquids sewage cooling water
potable water reclaimed water river water
chemicals plant e uent others
Because the transducers are non-contacting and have no
moving parts, the ow meter is not a ected by system pressure, fouling or wear.
The DTTN transducer set is rated to a pipe surface temperature of 250° F (121° C). High temperature DTTH transducers
can operate to a pipe surface temperature of 350° F (177° C).
The DTTS series of small pipe transducers can be used to a
pipe surface temperature of 185° F (85° C) and the DTTC high
temperature small pipe transducers are rated for 250° F
(121° C).
The TFXL uses a low voltage DC power source that provides
electrical safety for the user. Removing the cover allows access to all the meter connections and the computer interface
connection.
Non-volatile ash memory retains all user-entered con guration values in memory inde nitely, even if power is lost or
turned o .
The TFXL family of transit time ow meters utilize two
transducers that function as both ultrasonic transmitters
and receivers. The transducers are clamped on the outside
of a closed pipe at a speci c distance from each other. The
transducers can be mounted in V-Mount where the sound
transverses the pipe two times, W-Mount where the sound
transverses the pipe four times, or in Z-Mount where the
The enclosure should be mounted in an area that is convenient for servicing, calibration or for observation of the LCD
readout.
Mount the TFXL transmitter in a location that is:
~ Where little vibration exists.
~ That is protected from corrosive uids.
~ That is within the transmitters ambient temperature
limits.
TOP VIEW
OF PIPE
TOP VIEW
OF PIPE
TOP VIEW
OF PIPE
~ That is out of direct sunlight. Direct sunlight may
increase transmitter temperature to above the
W-Mount V-Mount Z-Mount
maximum limit.
FIGURE 1.1 ULTRASOUND TRANSMISSION
06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012 7
Locate the transmitter within the length of transducer cable
that was supplied with the TFXL system. If this is not possible,
it is recommended that the cable be exchanged for one that
is of proper length. Both transducer cables must be of the
same length.
NOTE: The transducer cable carries low level, high frequency
signals. In general, it is not recommended to add additional
cable to the cable supplied with the DTTN, DTTH, DTTS or
DTTC transducers. If additional cable is required, contact the
factory to arrange an exchange for a transducer with the
appropriate length of cable. Cables to 990 feet (300 meters)
are available. To add cable length to a transducer, the cable
must be the same type as utilized on the transducer. Twinaxial
cables can be lengthened with like cable to a maximum
overall length of 100 feet (30 meters). Coaxial cables can be
lengthened with RG59 75 Ohm cable and BNC connectors to
990 feet (300 meters).
If the transmitter will be subjected to a wet environment, it is
recommended that the cover remain closed after con guration is completed. The faceplate of the TFXL is watertight, but
avoid letting water collect on it. A sealed cord grip or NEMA
4 conduit connection should be used where cables enter the
enclosure. Holes not used for cable entry should be sealed
with plugs.
To access terminal strips for electronic connectors, loosen
the four screws in the display lid and remove the cover. The
terminals where the transducers connect are located underneath the display. To connect transducers, remove the four
screws that secure the display and carefully move it out of
the way. Do not over stress the ribbon cable located between
the display and the microprocessor circuit boards.
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
The serial number and complete model number of each
TFXL are located on the side of the instrument enclosure.
Should technical assistance be required, please provide the
Customer Service Department with this information.
of proper length. To add cable length to a transducer,
the cable must be the same type as utilized on the
transducer. Twinaxial cables can be lengthened with
like cable to a maximum overall length of 100 feet (30
meters). Coaxial cables can be lengthened with RG59
75 Ohm cable and BNC connectors to 990 feet (300
meters).
2) Mount the TFXL transmitter in a location:
~ Where little vibration exists.
~ That is protected from corrosive uids.
~ That is within the transmitters ambient temperature
limits -40 to +185° F (-40 to +85° C).
~ That is out of direct sunlight. Direct sunlight may
increase transmitter temperature to above the
maximum limit.
3) Mounting - Refer to Figure 1.2 for enclosure and
mounting dimension details. Ensure that enough room
is available to allow for door swing, maintenance and
conduit entrances. Secure the enclosure to a at surface
with two appropriate fasteners.
4) Conduit Holes - Conduit holes should be used where
cables enter the enclosure. Holes not used for cable
entry should be sealed with plugs.
NOTE: Use NEMA 4 [IP-65] rated ttings/plugs to maintain the
watertight integrity of the enclosure. Generally, the right side
conduit hole (viewed from front) is used for power, the bottom
conduit hole(s) for transducer connections.
0.21(5.3) DIA
2 Mounting Holes
7.01
(178)
6.66
(169.2)
(80.5)
3.17
2.57
(65.3)
PART 1 TRANSMITTER
INSTALLATION
After unpacking, it is recommended to save the shipping
FIGURE 1.2 ENCLOSURE DIMENSIONS
GENERAL
0.875 (22.2) DIA
Conduit Hole
carton and packing materials in case the instrument is stored
or re-shipped. Inspect the equipment and carton for damage.
If there is evidence of shipping damage, notify the carrier
immediately.
The remote mount TFXL is equipped with three conduit holes
located in the ow meter enclosure that should be suitable
for most installations. A sealed cord grip or NEMA 4 conduit
connection should be utilized to retain the NEMA 3 integrity
The enclosure should be mounted in an area that is convenient for servicing, calibration or for observation of the LCD
of the ow meter enclosure. Failure to do so will void the
manufacturer’s warranty and can lead to product failure.
readout (if equipped).
The TFXL is housed in an insulating plastic enclosure that
1) Locate the transmitter within the length of transducer
cables supplied. If this is not possible, it is recommended that the cable be exchanged for one that is
does not provide continuity of bonding between eld wiring
conduit and the TFXL chassis or other conduits connected to
the enclosure.
8 06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012
Wiring methods and practices are to be made in accordance
with the NEC - National Electrical Code® - and/or other local
ordinances that may be in e ect. Consult the local electrical
inspector for information regarding wiring regulations.
When making connections to the eld wiring terminals
inside the ow meter, strip back the wire insulation approximately 0.25 inch (6 mm). Stripping back too little may cause
the terminals to clamp on the insulation and not make good
contact. Stripping back too much insulation may lead to a
situation where the wires could short together between adjacent terminals. Wires should be secured in the eld wiring
terminals using a screw torque of between 0.5 and 0.6 Nm.
If the DC ground terminal is to be utilized as a protective conductor terminal, the protective conductor shall be
applied rst and secured independently of other connections. The protective conductor shall be connected in
such a way that it is unlikely to be removed by servicing
not involving the protective conductor or there shall be a
warning marking requiring the replacement of the protective
conductor after removal.
Power the TFXL ow meter with a Class 2 direct current
(DC) power source. The power source should be capable of
supplying between 11 and 28 VDC at a minimum of 250 milliamps. With the power from the DC power source disabled or
disconnected, connect the positive supply wire and ground
to the appropriate eld wiring terminals in the ow meter.
See Figure 1.5. A wiring diagram decal is located on the inner
cover of the ow meter enclosure for reference.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
Not following instructions properly may impair
safety of equipment and/or personnel.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
Must be operated by a power supply suitable for
the location.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
Do not connect or disconnect either power
or outputs unless the area is known to be
nonhazardous
TRANSDUCER CONNECTIONS
FIGURE 1.3 TRANSDUCER CONNECTIONS
To access terminal strips for wiring, rst loosen the four
screws holding the top of the case to the bottom.
NOTE: The four screws are “captive” screws and cannot be
removed from the top of the case.
If the unit has a display remove the four Phillips head screws
that hold the display to the main circuit board and carefully
move it out of the way. Do not over stress the ribbon cable
located between the display and the microprocessor circuit
boards.
Guide the transducer terminations through the transmitter
conduit hole located in the bottom-left of the enclosure.
Secure the transducer cable with the supplied conduit nut (if
exible conduit was ordered with the transducer).
NOTE: TFXL models with integral transducers have the transducers connected at the factory and the transducer connections
section can be skipped.
The terminals within TFXL are of a screw-down barrier
terminal type. Depending on the type of transducers being
used there are two terminal strip arrangements possible.
Remote mount small pipe transducers are connected to the
terminals found on the main circuit board.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
Do not connect the interface cable between a
TFXL ow meter and a personal computer unless
the area is known to be non-hazardous.
06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012 9
Remote mount transducers are connected to a “daughter”
board found on the left hand side of the meter.
Connect the appropriate wires at the corresponding screw
terminals in the transmitter. Observe upstream and downstream orientation and wire polarity. See Figure 1.3.
NOTE: High temperature transducer cables come with red and
black wire colors. For the red and black combination, the red
wire is positive (+) and the black wire is negative (-).
NOTE: The transducer cable carries low level, high frequency
signals. In general, it is not recommended to add additional
length to the cable supplied with the transducers. If additional
cable is required, contact the factory to arrange an exchange
for a transducer with the appropriate length of cable. Cables
100 to 990 feet (30 to 300 meters) are available with RG59 75
Ohm coaxial cable. If additional cable is added, ensure that it is
the same type as utilized on the transducer. Twinaxial (blue and
white conductor) cables can be lengthened with like cable to
a maximum overall length of 100 feet (30 meters). Coaxial
cables can be lengthened with RG59 75 Ohm cable and BNC
connectors to 990 feet (300 meters).
DC POWER CONNECTIONS
The TFXL should be operated from an 11 to 28 VDC Class 2
power source capable of supplying a minimum of 250 mA
of current.
PART 2 TRANSDUCER
INSTALLATION
GENERAL
The transducers that are utilized by the TFXL contain piezoelectric crystals for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic
signals through walls of liquid piping systems. DTTN and
DTTH transducers are relatively simple and straightforward
to install, but spacing and alignment of the transducers is
critical to the system’s accuracy and performance. Extra care
should be taken to ensure that these instructions are carefully executed. DTTS and DTTC, small pipe transducers, have
integrated transmitter and receiver elements that eliminate
the requirement for spacing measurement and alignment.
Mounting of the DTTN and DTTH clamp-on ultrasonic transit
time transducers is comprised of three steps:
Connect power to the screw terminal block in the TFXL transmitter. See Figure 1.4. Utilize the conduit hole on the right
side of the enclosure for this purpose. Use wiring practices
that conform to local and national codes (e.g., The National
Electrical Code® Handbook in the U.S.)
Connect the DC power to 11 to 28 VDC In, and DC Gnd., as
in Figure 1.4.
DC Ground
11 - 28 VDC
DC Ground
11 - 28 VDC
FIGURE 1.4 DC POWER CONNECTIONS
1) Connect an 11-28 VDC Class 2 power source as illustrated in the schematic in Figure 1.4. Wire up to 14
AWG can be accommodated in the TFXL terminal blocks
a) A switch or circuit breaker is required in the
installation.
b) The switch or circuit breaker must be in close
proximity of the TFXL and within easy reach of
the operator.
c) The switch or circuit breaker must be marked as
the disconnect device for the TFXL.
1) Selection of the optimum location on a piping system.
2) Entering the pipe and liquid parameters into the software utility. The software utility will calculate proper
transducer spacing based on these entries.
3) Pipe preparation and transducer mounting.
STEP 1 MOUNTING LOCATION
The rst step in the installation process is the selection of an
optimum location for the ow measurement to be made. For
this to be done e ectively, a basic knowledge of the piping
system and its plumbing are required.
An optimum location is de ned as:
~ A piping system that is completely full of liquid when
measurements are being taken. The pipe may become
completely empty during a process cycle – which will
result in the error code 0010 (Low Signal Strength)
being displayed on the ow meter while the pipe is
empty. This error code will clear automatically once the
pipe re lls with liquid. It is not recommended to mount
the transducers in an area where the pipe may become
partially lled. Partially lled pipes will cause erroneous
and unpredictable operation of the meter.
~ A piping system that contains lengths of straight pipe
such as those described in Table 2.1. The optimum
straight pipe diameter recommendations apply to pipes
in both horizontal and vertical orientation. The straight
runs in Table 2.1 apply to liquid velocities that are
nominally 7 FPS (2.2 MPS). As liquid velocity increases
above this nominal rate, the requirement for straight
pipe increases proportionally.
10 06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012
Piping Configuration
and Transducer Positioning
Flow
*
Flow
*
Flow
*
Flow
*
Flow
*
Flow
*
**
**
**
**
**
**
TABLE 2.1 PIPING CONFIGURATION AND
TRANSDUCER POSITIONING
Upstream
Pipe
Diameters
Downstream
Pipe
Diameters
***
24
14
10
10
10
24
5
5
5
5
5
5
Transducer
Mount
Mode
W-Mount
V-Mount
Z-Mount
Pipe Material Pipe Size
Plastic (all types)
Carbon Steel
Stainless Steel
Copper
Ductile Iron
Cast Iron
Plastic (all types)
Carbon Steel
Stainless Steel
Copper
Ductile Iron
Cast Iron
Plastic (all types)
Carbon Steel
Stainless Steel
Copper
Ductile Iron
Cast Iron
2-4 in.
(50-100 mm)
recommended
4-12 in.
(100-300 mm)
4-30 in.
(100-750 mm)
2-12 in.
(50-300 mm)
> 30 in.
(> 750 mm)
> 12 in.
(> 300 mm)
> 30 in.
(> 750 mm)
> 12 in.
(> 300 mm)
Liquid
Composition
Not
Low TSS;
non-aerated
~ Mount the transducers in an area where they will not
be inadvertently bumped or disturbed during normal
operation.
~ Avoid installations on downward owing pipes unless
adequate downstream head pressure is present to overcome partial lling of or cavitation in the pipe.
The ow meter system will provide repeatable measurements on piping systems that do not meet these requirements, but accuracy of these readings may be in uenced to
various degrees.
STEP 2 TRANSDUCER SPACING
TFXL remote mount transit time ow meters can be used
with four di erent transducer types: DTTN, DTTH, DTTS
and DTTC. Meters that utilize the DTTN or DTTH transducer
sets consist of two separate sensors that function as both
ultrasonic transmitters and receivers. DTTS and DTTC transducers integrate both the transmitter and receiver into one
assembly that xes the separation of the piezoelectric crystals. DTTN and DTTH transducers are clamped on the outside
of a closed pipe at a speci c distance from each other.
TSS = Total Suspended Solids
TABLE 2.2 TRANSDUCER MOUNTING MODES
DTTN AND DTTH
The DTTN and DTTH transducers can be mounted in:
W-Mount where the sound traverses the pipe four
times. This mounting method produces the best relative
travel time values but the weakest signal strength.
V-Mount where the sound traverses the pipe twice.
V-Mount is a compromise between travel time and
signal strength.
Z-Mount where the transducers are mounted on opposite sides of the pipe and the sound crosses the pipe
once. Z-Mount will yield the best signal strength but
the smallest relative travel time.
For further details, reference Figure 2.1. The appropriate
mounting con guration is based on pipe and liquid characteristics. Selection of the proper transducer mounting
method is not entirely predictable and many times is an
TOP VIEW
OF PIPE
TOP VIEW
OF PIPE
TOP VIEW
OF PIPE
W-Mount V-Mount Z-Mount
FIGURE 2.1 TRANSDUCER MOUNTING MODES
DTTN AND DTTH
06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012 11
iterative process. Table 2.2 contains recommended mounting
con gurations for common applications. These recommended con gurations may need to be modi ed for speci c
applications if such things as aeration, suspended solids, out
of round piping or poor piping conditions are present. Use of
the TFXL diagnostics in determining the optimum transducer
mounting is covered later in this section.
Size
Frequency
Setting
Transducer
Mounting
Mode
DTTSnP
½ 2 MHz
DTTSnC
DTTSnT
DTTSnP
¾ 2 MHz
DTTSnC
DTTSnT
DTTSnP
1 2 MHz
1¼ 2 MHz
DTTSnC
DTTSnT
DTTSnP
DTTSnC
V
DTTSnT
DTTSnP
1½ 2 MHz
DTTSnC
DTTSnT
2
1 MHz
DTTSnP
DTTSnC
2 MHz DTTSnT
NOTE: DTTS transducer designation refers to both DTTS
and DTTC transducer types.
TABLE 2.3 TRANSDUCER MOUNTING
MODES DTTS / DTTC
mize signal strength is to con gure the display to show signal
strength, x one transducer on the pipe and then starting
at the calculated spacing, move the remaining transducer
small distances forward and back to nd the maximum signal
strength point.
Important! Enter all of the data on this list, save the data and
reset the TFXL before mounting transducers.
The following information is required before programming
the instrument:
Transducer mounting
con guration
Pipe wall thickness Pipe material
Pipe sound speed
Pipe liner thickness (if present) Pipe liner material (if present)
Fluid type Fluid sound speed
Fluid viscosity
1
1
Pipe O.D. (outside diameter)
Pipe relative roughness
Fluid speci c gravity
1
1
1
NOTE: Much of the data relating to material sound speed,
viscosity and speci c gravity is pre-programmed into the TFXL
ow meter. This data only needs to be modi ed if it is known
that a particular application’s data varies from the reference
values. Refer to Part 4 of this manual for instructions on
entering con guration data into the TFXL ow meter via the
software.
1
NOMINAL VALUES FOR THESE PARAMETERS ARE INCLUDED
WITHIN THE TFXL OPERATING SYSTEM. THE NOMINAL
VALUES MAY BE USED AS THEY APPEAR OR MAY BE MODI
FIED IF EXACT SYSTEM VALUES ARE KNOWN.
After entering the data listed above, the TFXL will calculate
proper transducer spacing for the particular data set. This
distance will be in inches if the TFXL is con gured in English
units, or millimeters if con gured in metric units.
STEP 3 ENTERING PIPE AND LIQUID DATA
The TFXL system calculates proper transducer spacing by
STEP 4 TRANSDUCER MOUNTING
PIPE PREPARATION
utilizing piping and liquid information entered by the user.
This information can be entered on a TFXL via the software
utility.
After selecting an optimal mounting location (Step 1) and
successfully determining the proper transducer spacing
(Step 2 & 3), the transducers may now be mounted onto the
The best accuracy is achieved when transducer spacing is
pipe (Step 4).
exactly what the TFXL calculates, so the calculated spacing
should be used if signal strength is satisfactory. If the pipe
is not round, the wall thickness not correct or the actual
liquid being measured has a di erent sound speed than the
liquid programmed into the transmitter, the spacing can vary
from the calculated value. If that is the case, the transducers
should be placed at the highest signal level observed by
moving the transducers slowly around the mount area.
Before the transducers are mounted onto the pipe surface,
an area slightly larger than the at surface of each transducer
must be cleaned of all rust, scale and moisture. For pipes with
rough surfaces, such as ductile iron pipe, it is recommended
that the pipe surface be wire brushed to a shiny nish. Paint
and other coatings, if not aked or bubbled, need not be
removed. Plastic pipes typically do not require surface preparation other than soap and water cleaning.
NOTE: Transducer spacing is calculated on “ideal” pipe.
Ideal pipe is almost never found so the transducer spacing
distances may need to be altered. An e ective way to maxi-
The DTTN and DTTH transducers must be properly oriented
and spaced on the pipe to provide optimum reliability and
performance. On horizontal pipes, when Z-Mount is required,
12 06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012
the transducers should be mounted 180 radial degrees from
one another and at least 45 degrees from the top-deadcenter and bottom-dead-center of the pipe. See Figure 2.2.
Also see
Z-Mount Transducer Installation. On vertical pipes
the orientation is not critical.
TOP OF
PIPE
½”
(12 mm)
TOP OF
PIPE
45°
YES
45°
FLOW METER
MOUNTING ORIENTATION
2” DTTS and DTTC TRANSDUCERS
45°
YES
45°
MOUNTING ORIENTATION
DTTN and DTTH TRANSDUCERS
45°
YES
45°
FLOW METER
45°
YES
45°
45°
YES
45°
FLOW METER
MOUNTING ORIENTATION
DTTS and DTTC TRANSDUCERS
TOP OF
PIPE
45°
YES
45°
FIGURE 2.2 TRANSDUCER ORIENTATION
HORIZONTAL PIPES
The spacing between the transducers is measured between
the two spacing marks on the sides of the transducers. These
marks are approximately 0.75” (19 mm) back from the nose of
the DTTN and DTTH transducers. See Figure 2.3.
DTTS and DTTC transducers should be mounted with the
cable exiting within ±45 degrees of the side of a horizontal
pipe. See Figure 2.2. On vertical pipes the orientation does
not apply.
FIGURE 2.4 APPLICATION OF COUPLANT
TRANSDUCER POSITIONING
1) Place the upstream transducer in position and secure
with a mounting strap. Straps should be placed in the
arched groove on the end of the transducer. A screw
is provided to help hold the transducer onto the strap.
Verify that the transducer is true to the pipe and adjust
as necessary. Tighten the transducer strap securely.
2) Place the downstream transducer on the pipe at the
calculated transducer spacing. See Figure 2.5. Apply
rm hand pressure. If signal strength is greater than
5, secure the transducer at this location. If the signal
strength is not 5 or greater, using rm hand pressure
slowly move the transducer both towards and away
from the upstream transducer while observing signal
strength.
NOTE: Signal strength readings update only every few
seconds, so it is advisable to move the transducer ⁄”, wait, see
if signal is increasing or decreasing and then repeat until the
highest level is achieved.
Alignment
Marks
Transducer
Spacing
FIGURE 2.5 TRANSDUCER POSITIONING
FIGURE 2.3 TRANSDUCER ALIGNMENT MARKS
VMOUNT AND WMOUNT INSTALLATION
APPLICATION OF COUPLANT
For DTTN and DTTH transducers, place a single bead of
couplant, approximately ½ inch (12 mm) thick, on the at
face of the transducer. See Figure 2.4. Generally, a siliconebased grease is used as an acoustic couplant, but any greaselike substance that is rated not to “ ow” at the temperature
that the pipe may operate at will be acceptable. For pipe
surface temperature over 150° F (65° C), acoustic couplant
(P.N. D002-2011-011) is recommended.
06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012 13
Signal strength is displayed on the main data screen in
the software utility. See Part 4 of this manual for details
regarding the software utility. Clamp the transducer
at the position where the highest signal strength is
observed. The factory default signal strength cuto
setting is 5, however there are many application speci c
conditions that may prevent the signal strength from
attaining this level. For the TFXL, signal levels much
less than 5 will probably not be acceptable for reliable
readings.
3) If after adjustment of the transducers the signal
strength does not rise to above 5, then an alternate
transducer mounting method should be selected. If the
mounting method was W-Mount, then re-con gure the
transmitter for V-Mount, move the downstream transducer to the new spacing distance and repeat Step 4.
NOTE: Mounting of high temperature transducers is similar to
30.00 ns 2000.00 Gal/Min 1.000
mounting the DTTN transducers. High temperature installations require acoustic couplant that is rated not to “ ow” at
the temperature that will be present on the pipe surface.
DTTS/DTTC SMALL PIPE TRANSDUCER AND
INTEGRAL MOUNT INSTALLATION
The small pipe transducers are designed for speci c pipe
outside diameters. Do not attempt to mount a DTTS/DTTC or
integral mount transducer onto a pipe that is either too large
or too small for the transducer. Contact the manufacturer to
arrange for a replacement transducer that is the correct size.
DTTS/DTTC and integral installation consists of the
following steps:
1) Apply a thin coating of acoustic coupling grease to both
halves of the transducer housing where the housing
will contact the pipe. See Figure 2.6.
2) On horizontal pipes, mount the transducer in an orientation such that the cable exits at ±45 degrees from the
side of the pipe. Do not mount with the cable exiting on
either the top or bottom of the pipe. On vertical pipes
the orientation does not matter. See Figure 2.2.
3) Tighten the wing nuts or “U” bolts so that the acoustic
coupling grease begins to ow out from the edges of
the transducer or from the gap between the transducer
halves. Do not over tighten.
4) If signal strength is less than 5, remount the transducer
at another location on the piping system.
5) If calibration point is displayed in Calibration Points Editor screen, record the information, highlight and click
Remove. See Figure 2.9.
6) Click ADD...
7) Enter Delta T, Un-calibrated Flow, and Calibrated Flow
values from the DTTS/DTTC calibration label, the click
OK. See Figure 2.10.
8) Click OK in the Edit Calibration Points screen.
9) Process will return to Page 3 of 3. Click Finish. See
Figure 2.8.
10) After “Writing Con guration File” is complete, turn
power o . Turn on again to activate new settings.
UltraLINK Device Addr 127
U
HelpWindowCommunicationsViewEditFile
Configuration CalibrationStrategy
Device Addr 127
U
1350 Gal/Min
Flow:
Pos:
Neg:
0 OB
0 OB
0 OB
15.6%
100%
-2.50 ns
09:53:39
Totalizer Net:
Sig. Strength:
Margin:
Delta T:
Last Update:
!
Errors
2000
1600
1200
Print PreviePrint
Scale:60 MinTime:
FIGURE 2.7 DATA DISPLAY SCREEN
Calibration (Page 3 of 3) - Linearization
28.2
Gal/M
1) Please establish a
reference flow rate.
1FPS / 0.3MPS Minimum.
2) Enter the reference flow
rate below. (Do not enter 0)
3) Wait for flow to stabilize.
4) Press the Set button.
Flow:
Set
200
FIGURE 2.6 APPLICATION OF ACOUSTIC COUPLANT
DTTS/DTTC AND INTEGRAL TRANSDUCERS
NOTE: If a DTTS/DTTC small pipe transducer was purchased
separately from the TFXL meter, the following con guration
procedure is required.
DTTS/DTTC Small Pipe Transducer Con guration
Procedure
1) Establish communications with the transit time meter.
See Part 4 - Software Utility.
2) From the Tool Bar select Calibration. See Figure 2.7.
3) On the pop-up screen, click Next button twice to get to
Page 3 of 3. See Figure 2.8.
4) Click Edit.
14 06-TTM-UM-00158 8/2012
⁄” (1.5 mm)
Acoustic Couplant
Grease
Delta Time
FIGURE 2.8 CALIBRATION PAGE 3 OF 3
Calibration Points Editor
Select point(s) to edit or remove:
30.00 ns 2000.00 Gal/Min 1.000
OK
Cancel
FIGURE 2.9 CALIBRATION POINTS EDITOR
Edit
Export...
Add...
Edit...
Remove
Select All
Select All
Select None
Select None
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