Dynamica HALO DB-20 Instruction Manual

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MODEL HALO DB-20 UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETER

HALO DB-20

Spectrophotometer

Instruction Manual

Please read through this manual carefully and store it in a safe place.

 Before using the instrument, please read the safety

instructions and precautions carefully

 Keep this manual in a safe place nearby to access

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

HALO DB-20

UV-Vis Spectrophotometer

Read and keep this manual

· Read the safety instructions carefully and

understand them before using the

equipment.

· Keep this manual at hand for reference.

Dynamica Ltd.

Version No. V1.1

CONTENTS

PREFACE……………...……….………..…….…….………PREFACE-1 IMPORTANT……………...……….………..….…….…IMPORTANT-1

Precautions on Electromagnetic

Wave Interference……………………………………………………………………IMPORTANT-1

1. Possible Electromagnetic Wave Interference

Caused by This Instrument………………………………………………………..IMPORTANT-1

2. Possible Electromagnetic Wave Interference

Affecting This Instrument…………………………………………………………..IMPORTANT-1 Warranty on Product………………………………………………………..………IMPORTANT-2 Technical Service……………………..……………………………………………IMPORTANT-4 Disposal this instrument……………………………………………………..……IMPORTANT-5 Other Precautions…………………………………………………………..………IMPORTANT-5

1. Handling of Chemicals and Samples…........................................... … IMPORTANT-5

2. Notice on Instruction Manuals ........................................................ … IMPORTANT-5

3. Trademark Acknowledgments….……………………………………IMPORTANT-5

SAFETY SUMMARY……………...……….……….SAFETY-1

THE PERSONAL COMPUTER…………………..……………SAFETY-10 COMPUTER VIRUSES AND BACKUP DATA………………………….………………………….SAFETY-10 WARNING DISPLAY LABELS…………………………………….SAFETY-11

CHAPTER 1 INSTALLATION………………….……………………….1-1

1.1 UNPACKING…………………………………………………..…………………………1-1

1.2 I

NSTALLATION SITE………………….……………………………………...………..…1-2

1.2.1 Installation Conditions…………………….………….…………………………….1-2

1.2.2 Installation Environment……………………………….…………………………..1-2

1.3 CHECK OF CONTENTS……………………………...……………………………………1-3

1.4 CHECK OF VOLTAGE AND FUSE……………………………...………………………….1-4

1.5 SIDE PANEL OF THE DB-20………………………..………..………………………1-5

1.6 CONNECTION OF POWER CORD AND GROUNDING WIRE……………...…………………1-5

1.7 CONNECTION OF PRINTER………………………...……………………………………..1-6

1.8 LOCAL-REMOTE SWITCH…………………….………………………………………….1-7

1.9 LCD BRIGHTNESS ADJUSTMENT PORT…………………………………………………1-7

1.10 CONNECTING ACCESSORY TO DB-20……………….………………..…………….1-8

1.11 CONNECTING DB-20 TO PC SOFTWARE………………….……..………………1-8

1.12 CONNECTING USB FLASH MEMORY…..……………………………………………….1-8

CHAPTER 2 FUNCTION…………………………………………………2-1

2.1 APPLICATION……………………………………………………………………………2-1

2.2 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION……………………………………………………………….2-2

2.2.1 Optical System……………………………………………….……………………..2-2

2.2.2 Signal Processing and Control System……………………………………………..2-3

2.3 PROPER USE OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER…………………………………...…………….2-3

2.3.1 Solvent Selection…………………………………………………..………………2-3

2.3.2 Special Samples……………………………………………………………………2-4

2.4 FUNCTIONS…………………………………………………………………2-4

2.4.1 Quantitative Analysis……………………………………………..………………2-4

2.4.2 Wavelength Scan…………………………………………………….…………….2-5

2.4.3 Time Scan…………...……………………………………………….…………….2-6

2.4.4 Secondary Processing Functions…………………………………….…………….2-6

2.4.5 Data Storage Function…………..……………………………………………….2-7

2.4.6 Automatic Start Function………………..……………………………………….2-8

2.4.7 Automatic Calibration and Self – Diagnosis Functions……………………….2-8

2.5 SPECIFICATION………………………………………………………………………….2-8

CHAPTER 3 OPERATIONAL METHOD…………………………………3-1

3.1 BASIC OPERATION……………………………………………………………………....3-1

3.1.1 Operational Procedure……………………………………………………………..3-1

3.1.2 Key-Panel Functions………………………………………………………….…3-1

3.2 PRELIMINARY OPERATION………………………………………………………………3-3

3.2.1 Initialization………………………………………………………………………..3-3

3.2.2 Main Menu…………………………………………………………………………3-4

3.3 PHOTOMETRY……………………………………….…………………………………..3-5

3.3.1 Step by Step Operation……………………………...……………………………..3-6

3.3.2 Performing Photometric Measurements………………………..……………….3-12

3.4 W

AVELENGTH SCAN…………………………………………………..………….3-20

3.4.1 Measurement Parameter Setting………………………………………………….3-20

3.4.2 Performing a Wavelength Measurement…………...…………………………….3-28

3.4.3 Secondary Processing…………………………………………...………………..3-29

3.4.4 Wavelength Scan Sampling Interval List…..…………………...………………..3-33

3.5 TIME SCAN………………………………………...…………………………………..3-34

3.5.1 Measurement Conditioning Setting……………………………..….…………….3-34

3.5.2 Performing a Time Scan Measurement…………………….…………….………3-38

3.5.3 Secondary Processing……………………………………….……………………3-39

3.6 MULTIPLE WL…………………………………………………………………………3-46

3.6.1 Measurement Conditions Setting……………………………………..…………..3-46

3.6.2 Performing Multiple WL Measurement…………………………………….……3-53

3.7 FILE MANAGER………………………………………………………………...………3-55

3.7.1 Inside Memory…………………………………………………………..………..3-55

3.7.2 Flash Memory…………………………………………...………………………..3-56

3.8 C

ALIBRATING THE WAVELENGTH…………………………………………………...…3-58

3.8.1 Calibrating the Wavelength………………………………………………………3-58

3.8.2 Set Time……………………………………………………………………..……3-59

3.8.3 Recording Lamp Usage…………………………………………………….…….3-60

3.8.4 GLP/GMP…………………………………………………………………...……3-60

3.9 T

EST MENU…………………………………………………………………………..3-65

3.9.1 Retrieving a Test Stored in Inside Memory………………………….…..3-65

3.9.2 Deleting Test From Inside Memory………………………………………3-65

3.9.3 Autostart Function………………………………………………………………3-66

CHAPTER 4 MAINTENANCE…………………..………….…………….4-1

4.1 SELF DIAGNOSIS AND AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT………………….….………………..4-1

4.2 C

ONFIRMATION OF SPECIFICATIONS…………………………….….….……..…………4-1

4.2.1 Wavelength Accuracy…………………………………………..….….…………4-1

4.2.2 Spectrum Bandwidth………………………………………….…...……………4-2

4.2.3 Check for Baseline Flatness……………………………………..……………….4-2

4.2.4 Confirmation of Baseline Flatness……………………………..…………………4-3

4.3 PERIODIC INSPECTION………………………………………………..…….………….4-4

4.3.1 Cleaning Sample Compartment……………………………….….………………4-4

4.3.2 Cleaning the Sample Compartment…………………………….….……………..4-6

4.4 TROUBLESHOOTING………………………………………………….….……………..4-7

CHAPTER 5 REPLACEMENT OF PARTS…………………….……….5-1

5.1 CONSUMABLES AND SPARE PARTS ……………………………………………………..5-1

III

5.2 PARTS REPLACEMENT…………………………….………………….………………….5-1

5.2.1 Replacement of Light Source Lamp…………………………...…………………..5-1

5.2.2 Change Source Lamp Usage Time………..….……………………………………5-4

Notice……...………………………. …………….…………………….………. A

PREFACE

Thank you very much for your purchase of Dynamica HALO DB-20 Spectrophotometer. This instruction manual has been prepared for users of the DB-20. It describes how to handle the Spectrophotometer. The HALO DB-20 Spectrophotometer is intended for the purpose of photometric analysis. Do not use it for any other purpose. The HALO DB-20 is designed for use by persons having a basic knowledge of chemical analysis. Other persons should operate the instrument in the presence of someone who has such basic knowledge. Remember that improper use of the instrument, chemicals or samples would result not only in wrong analytical data but in consequences adverse to safety. Before using the instrument, be sure to read through this instruction manual to enable correct use. For installation/maintenance of the instrument, read the instruction manual carefully to attain a full understanding of the instructions. Be sure to observe cautionary instructions. Keep this manual handy for easy reference when necessary. Information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice for product improvement.

ABOUT THIS MANUAL

Before using the instrument, be sure to read through this instruction manual. First of all, read “SAFETY SUMMARY”

included at the beginning of this manual for ensuring safety in operation of the spectrophotometer main unit.

PREFACE-I

IMPORTANT

Precautions on Electromagnetic Wave Interference

1. Possible Electromagnetic Wave Interference Caused by This Instrument

When this instrument is used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto, it may cause interference to radio and television reception. To prevent this, use the specified system connection cables in strict accordance with the instruction manual. The instrument is designed to minimize possible electromagnetic wave interference caused by it if the specified cables are connected properly. However, there is no guarantee that electromagnetic wave interference will not be caused by the instrument. If the instrument does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning off and on the instrument, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Increase separation between the instrument and radio/TV receiver.

• Connect the instrument to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the radio/TV receiver is connected.

2. Possible Electromagnetic Wave Interference Affecting This Instrument

If this instrument is used near an intense electromagnetic source, interference noise may be given to the instrument to incur an adverse effect on its performance or functionality. To prevent this, use the specified system connection cables in strict accordance with the instruction manual. The instrument is designed to minimize possible electromagnetic wave interference affecting it if the specified cables are connected properly. However, there is no guarantee that electromagnetic wave interference will not occur in this instrument. If the instrument does incur electromagnetic wave interference, which can be determined by turning on and off possible sources of electromagnetic wave interference nearby, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

IMPORTANT-1

• Reorient the instrument.

• Increase separation between the instrument and possible

sources of electromagnetic wave interference.

• Increase separation between the power cable of the instrument and possible sources of electromagnetic wave interference.

• Connect the instrument to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which possible sources of electromagnetic wave interference are connected.

• Confirm that any other device connected with the instrument is not affected by electromagnetic wave interference.

Warranty on Product

The Model HALO DB-20 Spectrophotometer is warranted to operate according to the specifications given in the instruction manual, provided it is used in accordance with the instructions described in the manual.

(1) Scope of Warranty

(a) Any parts which prove to be defective in design or

workmanship during the warranty period will be repaired without charge.

(b) A substitute part may be used for repair, or replacement

with an equivalent product may be made instead of repair.

printer to be updated frequently for improvement may not be available in original versions at the time of replacement.

(2) Warranty Period

One year from the date of initial installation. Consumables such as WI and D2 lamps are excluded from warranty.

(3) Availability of Technical Support Service

Technical support service for this instrument is available within regular working hours on workdays predetermined by us.

IMPORTANT-2

(4) Limitations and Exclusions on Warranty

Note that this warranty is void in the following cases, even if they occur within the warranty period.

(a) Failure due to operation at a place not meeting the

installation requirements specified by us

(b) Failure due to power supply voltage/frequency other than

specified by us or due to abnormality in power supply

contained in reagent, gas, air or cooling water supplied by the user

(d) Corrosion of the electric circuits or deterioration of the

optical elements due to highly corrosive atmospheric gas

(e) Failure due to use of hardware, software or spare parts

other than supplied by us

(f) Failure due to improper handling or maintenance by the

user

(g) Failure due to maintenance or repair by a service agent

not approved or authorized by us

(h) After disposal of this instrument, or after its resale without

our approval

(i) Failure due to relocation or transport after initial

installation

(j) Failure due to disassembly, modification or relocation not

approved by us

(k) Consumables, and failure of parts that have reached the

end of specified useful life

(l) Failure of parts excluded from the warranty in the

instruction manual or other documents

(m) Failure due to acts of God, including fire, earthquake,

storm, lightning, social disturbance, riot, crime, insurrection, war (declared or undeclared), radioactive pollution, contamination with harmful substances, etc.

IMPORTANT-3

(n) Failure of the hardware, or damage to the system

software, application software, data or hard disk due to computer virus infection

(o) Failure of the personal computer connected with the

instrument, or damage to the system software, application software, data or hard disk due to power interruption or momentary power voltage drop caused by lightning or the like

(p) Failure of the personal computer connected with the

instrument, or damage to the system software, application software, data or hard disk due to disconnection of main power to the personal computer without taking the specified normal shutdown procedure

(5) Disclaimer of Warranty

(a) Any express warranties other than the explicit conditions

indicated in (1) are excluded from this warranty. Any other implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are not included in this warranty. No liability is assumed for direct or indirect damages arising out of explicit or implied warranties.

(b) Oral or written information or advice given by our dealers,

distributors, agents or employees without our express permission shall not create a warranty or in any way increase the scope of this warranty.

Technical Service

Installation of this instrument shall be carried out by or under supervision of qualified service personnel of Dynamica or its authorized service agent. Before installation of the instrument, the user shall make preparations for satisfying the installation requirements in accordance with the instruction manual. If relocation of the instrument becomes necessary after initial installation (delivery), please notify your local sales representative or nearest service office of Dynamica.

IMPORTANT-4

Disposal this instrument

When you discard equipment, please check and discard a related statute etc. or ask the service section of Dynamica.

Other Precautions

1. Handling of Chemicals and Samples

(1) The user is responsible for following relevant legal standards

and regulations in handling, storage and discarding of chemicals and samples used in analytical operations of this instrument.

(2) Reagents, standard solutions and accuracy-control samples

shall be handled, stored and discarded as instructed by the respective suppliers.

2. Notice on Instruction Manuals

(1) Information contained in the instruction manuals furnished

with the instrument is subjected to change without notice for product improvement.

(2) This manual is copyrighted by Dynamica with all rights

reserved.

(3) No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in

any form or by any means without our express written permission.

3. Trademark Acknowledgments

Microsoft, Windows, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word and Windows XP are registered trademarks, trademarks or trade names of Microsoft Corporation, USA, while other company names and product names are those of respective companies.

IMPORTANT-5

SAFETY SUMMARY

For your safety please read the following precautions carefully before using the DB-20 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer.

General Safety Guidelines

 For safe handling of this product, please follow the instruction

procedure in the manual for this product.

 Pay special attention to follow all the hazard warnings on the product

and in the manual. Failure to do so can cause injury to you or damage to the product.

 After installation, please do not move the equipment. A vibration might

affect the adjustment of the product.

 The hazard warnings, which appear on the warning labels on the

product or in the manual, have one of the following alert headings consisting of an alert symbol and a signal word, DANGER, WARNING, or CAUTION.

DANGER: Indicates an imminently hazardous situation that, if not

avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

(It does not apply to this equipment.)

WARNING: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not

avoided, can result in death or series injury.

CAUTION: Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided,

will or can result in minor to moderate injury, or serious damage to the product.

: The alert symbol shown precedes every signal word fo

hazard warnings, and appears in safety related descriptions in the manual.

SAFETY-1

SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)

General Safety Guidelines (Continued)

In addition, the following “Attention” and “Note” are not directly related to the safety of a person:

SAFETY-2

Attention: It is used to present warnings, which are not

directly related to personal injury hazards. It is used to indicate prevention against damage to the equipment.

Note: This is used to indicate instructions that enable you

to operate the equipment accurately and perform accurate measurements.

SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)

General Safety Guidelines (Continued)

Before Using

 Before using this product, please make sure you read and understand the

instructions.

 Please keep this manual in a safe and easily accessible place so that you can use it

when necessary.

 Please make sure to use this product properly and follow the instructions as

specified in this manual.

 Please make sure to understand and follow the instructions regarding safety in this

manual.

 If you do not follow the instructions in this manual, an inaccurate analysis may result

or bodily injury may occur.

 Because of danger, please make sure not to modify or alter the product, make sure

not to use unspecified parts, and make sure not to operate the equipment by removing/defeating the safety device(s).

 When using chemicals, please make sure to ventilate the room well. If there is not

enough ventilation, it may be hazardous to your health.

 Although we have carefully considered the instructions written on the products and

manuals, it is possible for an unexpected event to occur. When operating the equipment, aside from following the instructions, be very cautious.

SAFETY-3

SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)

General Safety Guidelines (Continued)

Precautions for Installation • Maintenance • Relocation and After Sale Technical Service

 Before installation, confirm that there are no missing items or

standard accessories. If there is something missing or damaged, or you have noticed any problems, please contact our nearest representative.

 Operating the equipment without a standard part can damage the

equipment and cause safety concerns. If that occurs, please follow the instruction of the installer.

 Installation of this instrument shall be carried out by or under

supervisions of qualified service personnel of Dynamica or its authorized service agent.

 When relocation of this instrument becomes necessary after initial

installation (delivery), please notify your local Dynamica sales representative or nearest Dynamica service office. Technical support service for this instrument is available from s service agent approved or authorized by Dynamica within regular working hours or workdays.

 Please do not perform any other operations that are not included in

the manual. If any problem occurs with the equipment, please contact the agent from whom you purchased it or the service department of Dynamica.

SAFETY-4

SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)

WARNING: Poisoning from Organic Solvent Gas

Handling Organic Solvents

 The organic solvent vapor may be harmful to your health.

WARNING: Eye Injury from Organic Solvents

Handling Organic Solvents

 Please wear protective glasses when using organic solvents. If the

organic solvent should get into your eye, flush your eye immediately under running water for at least 5 minutes while keeping your eyelids open. See a physician for appropriate treatment.

SAFETY-5

SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)

WARNING: Electrical Shocks from Improper Grounding

Electrical Shock from Improper Grounding

 When wiring the personal computer, power supply for the thermostatic

cell holder and the like, please make sure to use the 3-prong wire (with ground) provided.



WARNING: Electrical Shock

Electrical Shock from Contact

 High voltage is used inside of the equipment. Never remove the cover

except by a service person or as instructed in the section for lamp replacement.

 When cleaning the inside of the cell compartment, be sure to turn off the

unit.

CAUTION: High Temperature

Burns from high temperatures

 The lamp will become very hot during operation, please make sure that

the D2 lamp and the tungsten lamp is cooled off when replacing the lamp.

SAFETY-6

SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)

CAUTION: Injury from incidental contact with the unit.

Handling the sample compartment cover

 When you open and close the sample compartment cover, please be

careful not to get your hand or hair caught. Please assure your safety before operation.

CAUTION: Fatigue due to Prolonged Work

Data Processing

 Viewing the display in your work can cause eye and physical fatigue if

you continue to work in the same posture for extended periods.

 When working with the display for a prolonged period, for your health,

make sure to take breaks for 10 to 15 minutes every hour in order to rest your eyes and body.

SAFETY-7

SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)

NOTE Precautions regarding Accuracy and Precision of Measurements

 Do a routine check prior to taking measurements. In order to obtain

accurate measuring results, please perform tests as instructed, following the instructions in Chapter 3.

SAFETY-8

SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)

Electricity

 Voltage supplied to the DB-20 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The voltage for

the Spectrophotometer system and personal computer must be a singlephase AC 100V to 200V; Variations in the voltage and noise generated in the power line will cause adverse effects on the UV-Vis spectrophotometer and may also cause accidents.

 Please make sure that grounding is provided together with the power

supply wires, and make sure that it is connected with a grounding resistance of less than 10 Ω. Defective grounding may not only cause lower resistance against noise from the outside but it can also cause the Mass Spectrometer and personal computer to generate static electricity, which may involve the danger of electrical shocks.

 A high voltage circuit is used inside the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Do

not open the covers when this circuit is operational because of the danger from electrical shock.

Fire Extinguishers

 Do not smoke or use fire within 3 meters of the UV-Vis

Spectrophotometer

 Make sure to keep a fire extinguisher near the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer

at all times. Obtain an ABC Powder extinguisher that can be used for normal fires, oil fires, and electrical fires.

SAFETY-9

SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)

The Personal Computer

 When turning off the power to the personal computer while the hard disk,

floppy disk, or MO drive (optional) is still running, the computer may malfunction or the data and software can be destroyed.

Computer Viruses and Backup Data

 If any program/data is damaged suddenly or an unexpected

operation/screen is encountered, the personal computer may be infected by

a computer virus. Computer viruses are malicious programs that sneak into the personal computer to cause misbehavior or damage to data. A program designed to offer protection against computer viruses is called a vaccine program (virus scan). Do not use any programs or storage media that are suspected of containing a virus. If there is a possibility of virus infection, check for a virus using a vaccine program. It is very important that you make a backup of your hard disk just in case.

SAFETY-10

SAFETY-11

SAFETY SUMMARY (Continued)

Warning Display Labels

The following warning label is applied to the mainframe of the DB-20 Spectrophotometer:

High temperature can cause burns.

Light source lamp and lamp chamber remain hot for a while even after Power-off. Before lamp replacement, turn power off and wait at least 20 minutes.

134-1973

High voltage: 500V Can cause fatal or serious injury.

Before removing light source cover, turn power switch off,

ever release safety

mechanism inadvertently.

1-1

Chapter 1 Installation

1.1 Unpacking

After unpacking the shipping crate, carefully take out the spectrophotometer and place it on a table.

Since the spectrophotometer is as heavy as about 29 kg, special attention should be paid when taking it out.

Fig. 1-1 HALO DB-20 Spectrophotometer

Note: The light source-switching mirror is secured with the sponge

rubber material for transport at shipment from the factory. After using, open the light source cover and remove the protective sponge from the light source-switching mirror. The shipping crate cannot be claimed for compensation even if it is damaged during the transportation.

1-2

1.2 Installation site

1.2.1 Installation conditions

Power requirements:

Power supply voltage: AC100, 115, 220, 230 or 240V (There must be the

devices for switching voltage.) Allowable fluctuation is within ±10% of rated voltage. Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz

Allowable fluctuation is within ±4% of rated frequency. Power capacity: 200VA or more.

Prepare a capacity more than 500VA in reference with

a co-use with other accessory devices.

Note: If warning labels are not readable because of stains on coming off,

please notify local Dynamica sales representative or service office. New labels will be provided.

Grounding line: Grounding line resistance of 100Ω or less is required.

Place for Installation

Minimum floor area: Floor area with a width of 550 mm and a depth of 710

mm or more is required.

Floor strength: Floor strength 30kg or more.

Select a rigid and horizontal plane capable of

withstanding the above load as an installation area.

1.2.2 Installation Environment

Operating temperature: 5~35℃.

In order to perform a measurement under the most stable condition, we recommend that the instrument is used in an air conditioning room of 20℃ ~ 25 ℃.

Operating humidity: 45% ~ 85%.

1-3

Storage temperature: -20℃ ~ 60℃.

Atmosphere, gas:

Free from acid gas or alkaline gas and other gases that may corrode metals significantly.

Free from gases that may dissolve paint such as from organic solvents (particularly benzene, thinner or the like).

Other general notes:

 Avoid direct sunlight (otherwise optical performance might deteriorate

or housing might be discolored). Avoid a window as much as possible.

 A strong vibration or shock that can be felt by the human body must not

be transmitted to the instrument (otherwise the fine adjustment mechanism might malfunction).

 Avoid the vicinity of a heat generating apparatus such as a gas burner,

electric heater or oven in order to prevent the mainframe cover being heated (beyond 70℃).

 Avoid the vicinity of instruments that generate a strong electric field

(such as an electric welding machine, high frequency furnace or pole transformer).

 Avoid a dusty environment (otherwise optical performance might

deteriorate).

 The line voltage must be stable and free from a rapid fluctuation

(otherwise noise might increase).

 Do not turn on and off frequently electric instruments (stirrer, vibrator,

etc) that are not provide with a noise-preventive device in the same power line as for the mainframe.

Note: The optical system is very delicate.

And the control unit incorporates high-density electronic circuit components that function as a computer. So the above cautions should be observed strictly.

1.3 Check of Contents

After unpacking, check the contents of delivery against the packing list.

In the DB-20, you should find the following items.

1-4

 DB-20 Main unit  Operation Manual  Power cord with fuse  Standard cuvette holder for DB-20  Dust cover  One Philips and one minus screw drivers

If any part is missing or damaged, or if you have a question, contact the nearest Dynamica sales representative.

Fig. 1-2 Standard Accessories

ote: The standard accessories are subject to change for improvement without

previous notice.

Check them for proper quantity against the packing list furnished

1.4 Check of Voltage and Fuse

Please first check if the line voltage is suitable for the line voltage allowed using labeled beside the power connector.

Warning: Before proceeding to the work, make sure the power cord is not

connected to the wall socket.

Note: There is the voltage selector switch to select the line voltage allowed to

use.

Confirmation of the Fuse

1-5

Select the fuse in accordance with the line voltage to be used.

Voltage Fuse Capacity 100 V 3.15A 220 V 3.15A

Fig. 1-3 Power Connector of HALO DB-20

1.5 Side Panel of the DB-20

The DB-20 has 6 ports on the side panel.

They are:

 Power connector and switch  Printer port  LCD brightness adjustment port  Local-Remote switch for PC software control or Local keypad control  Acc. Port for connection of accessories such as auto sipper.  9- pin Serial port for connection to personal computer

1.6 Connection of Power Cord and Grounding Wire

Note: Before plugging in the power cord, be sure to turn off the POWER

switch and be sure to select proper power cord. The capacity of the power cord should be over 250V and 6A.

1-6

Plug the power cord securely into the connector of the mainframe. When using a plug adapter of table tap, be sure its grounding wire to the grounding terminal securely.

Fig. 1-4 How to Ground the HALO DB-20

1.7 Connection of Printer

Connect the printer with the instrument if to use the printer with a standard parallel printer cable. The connector of printer is on the right side of the

1-7

instrument as show in Fig 1-3. DB-20 is compatible with Seiko thermal printer, Hewlett Packard printer with PCL3 setting, Epson Printer with ESC/P setting, Seiko Printer with DPU setting. For a detail list of the printer that is compatible with the DB-20, contact your local representative of Dynamica. To define the printer type connected to the DB-20, please refer to the System setting section interface under printer setting sub menu. Please refer to the relevant instruction manual of printer to install the printer.

1.8 Local-Remote switch

DB-20 can be controlled by the optional PC software, or simply via keypad control. Please put the Local-Remote switch to Local when using keypad and LCD on the DB-20. When connecting to the PC software, switch the LocalRemote switch to Remote position. The LCD will display < PC Control > when connected to PC software for complete instrumentation control and data analysis.

1.9 LCD Brightness adjustment port

Using a small minus screwdriver, the LCD brightness can be adjusted through this port by turning the screw.

LCD brightness adjustment port

1-8

1.10 Connecting Accessory to DB-20

The Acc port is for the connection and control of a variety of optional accessories available from Dynamica such as Auto Sipper, Electronic Thermostatic cell holder. Connect the optional accessories using the cable provided along with the optional accessories. Please refer to the installation manual for detail for installation of optional accessories.

1.11 Connecting DB-20 to PC Software

Optional PC software allows DB-20 to be fully controlled by the software and perform data analysis using the PC software. Connect the serial cable provided with PC software to the port marked PC. Please also set the Local-Remote switch to Remote when using PC software.

1.12 Connecting USB Flash Memory

DB-20 is equipped with a USB port to connect commercial available USB flash memory for the storage of data generated by the DB-20. The data generated in the DB-20 can save into USB flash memory with File Manager of DB-20. Refer to the relevant chapter for operation. The data can be transferred to standard computer for storage also. Simply insert the USB flash memory disk into the port. USB flash memory of Kinston Data Traveller ( Compatible to USB1.1 and

FAT file system

) is tested to be compatible. Contact your Dynamica sales agent

to obtain the latest list of the compatible Flash Memory.

1-9

2-1

Chapter 2 Function

2.1 Application

The HALO DB-20 Spectrophotometer is designed for absorption analyses of liquid, solid and gaseous samples in ultraviolet and visible spectral regions.

In this scheme (Fig.2-1), a monochromatic beam with intensity ‘I0’ travels through a liquid phase having concentration ‘c’ and path length ‘l’ , which results in the intensity of monochromatic radiation decreasing to ‘It’.

With respect to the initial intensity ‘I0’ and attenuated intensity ‘It’ of monochromatic radiation, the following equation (1) can be set up.

It/I

= 10

-ε·c·l

=τ……………………………………………………….(1)

Where, ‘ε’ is a constant known as absorptivity, which varies depending on the sample. Equation (1) represents the statement of Lambert – Beer law, and ‘τ’ indicates transmittance which is often expressed as a percentage, i.e. ‘τ× 100 = T’ (percent transmittance or %T).

Also, the common logarithm of inverse transmittance can be expressed as follows:

Log (l/

τ) = ε·c·l = E …………………………………………………..(2)

Where ‘E’ is called absorbance (abbreviated as Abs).

Absorbance ‘E’ is proportional to concentration ‘c’ and is a unit of measurement indispensable for quantitative determination.

Fig.2-1 Spectrophotometry Principle Scheme

2-2

2.2 Principle of Operation

2.2.1 Optical System

Figure 2-2 shows the optical system of the HALO DB-20.

Sample Compartment

Monochromator

Detector 1

Lens

Sample Beam

Grating

Enter Slit

Mirror

（M1）

WI lamp

Ｄ２ lamp

Filter

(F)

Exit Slit

Half Mirror

（HM）

Mirror（M3）

Mirror（M4）

Detector 2

Mirror（M2）

Reference Beam

Lens

Fig 2-2 Optical System of HALO DB-20 Spectrophotometer

2-3

DB-20 is a double beam system, which features a half mirror to split the beam to reference beam and sample beam. The white light emitted from the light source is fed to the Seya-Namioka monochromator utilizing a concave diffraction grating (with a grating constant of 1/600 mm, a blaze wavelength of 250nm and a grating area of 20mm × 25mm), where it is transformed into a monochromatic beam. The beam sent from the monochromator is reflected by the toroidal mirror (M2), and then separated into reference beam and sample beam by the half mirror (HM). The two beams have passed through the sample compartment are focused by lenses, and are then irradiated into the detector (D1 and D2) where they are converted into electric signals.

Listed below are the features of this optical system. The Seya-Namioka optical system utilizing Dynamica’s reputable concave diffraction grating realizes a monochromator featuring high-energy efficiency and low stray light level. The beam is separated by using a half mirror rather than a rotary mirror like in the conventional double beam spectrophotometer. This structure serves to eliminate the moving parts, thus realizing a highly stable and reliable monochromator. The optical systems on the sample and reference beam sides are absolutely the same to enable acquiring highly stable data.

2.2.2 Signal Processing and Control System

The electric signal converted from optical signal enters the LOG amplifier where it is LOG converted to provide absorbance data. This data is amplified, and is then A/D converted to be processed as digital value. The processed results are displayed on the LCD and recorded onto the printer.

2.3 Proper Use of Spectrophotometer

2.3.1 Solvent Selection

When selecting a solvent for sample preparation, keep the following requirements in mind. Small absorption in the spectral region of measurement wavelength. Non – interactive with solute.

2-4

Low volatility.

Table 2-1 lists the applicable wavelength ranges of common organic solvents.

Table 2-1 Wavelength Ranges for Common Solvents Solvent Wavelength Range Cyclohexane 200nm ~ 400+ nm

Ethyl alcohol 220 nm ~ 400+ nm Methyl alcohol 220 nm ~ 400+ nm Ethyl ether 220 nm ~ 400+ nm Dioxane 220 nm ~ 400+ nm Hexane 220 nm ~ 400+ nm Chloroform 250 nm ~ 400+ nm Isopropyl alcohol 250 nm ~ 400+ nm Acetic acid 250 nm ~ 400+ nm Ethyl acetate 270 nm ~ 400+ nm Carbon tetrachloride 275 nm ~ 400+ nm Benzene 280 nm ~ 400+ nm Methyl ethyl ketone 335 nm ~ 400+ nm Acetone 340 nm ~ 400+ nm Carbon disulfide 380 nm ~ 400+ nm

2.3.2 Special Samples

Note that the laws expressed by Equations (1) and (2) are not applicable to the following special samples. Fluorescing sample Appreciably turbid sample

In measurement of a solid sample as glass plate, the energy of beam radiation undergoes a loss (r) due to reflection on the surface of solid substance.

In this case, Equation (1) must be transformed as shown below. It /I0 = 10

-ε.c.l

– r ………………………………………………. …(3)

Where, ‘r’ varies depending on the reflectance of substance.

2.4 Functions

2.4.1 Quantitative Analysis

The HALO DB-20 is capable of calculating the concentration of a sample after generating a standard calibration curve or by entering a factor into the system.

The following are the features of this function.

(1) Generation of standard calibration Curve

(a) Up to twenty samples can be measured, and the acquired values are

connected to each other with segmented lines or regression lines determined by the least squares method for generating a working curve.

(b) Specific standard samples can be measured again to regenerate a

working curve.

samples.

(d) Working curves can be stored as a part of measuring conditions. It is

possible to store the curves for a maximum of twenty tests.

(e) Working curve can be graphically displayed on the LCD, and a value at

a desired point can be read by moving the cursor to that point.

(f) Analytical results are displayed on the LCD together with the working

curve. Thus, the results can be confirmed while observing the working

curve. (g) Working curve can be graphically plotted on the printer. (h) Working curve can be generated by entering factor values. (i) It is possible to generate a working curve by 2 - /3 – wavelength

measurement.

(2) Statistical Calculation

This function enables the instrument to acquire mean value, standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV).

(3) The upper and lower limit values of analytical data can be judged.

2.4.2 Wavelength Scan

(1) The highest wavelength scan speed is 3600nm/min. Wavelength ranging

from 1100~190nm can be scanned in a little over 20 seconds even if the filter and light source are switched over halfway.

(2) Wavelengths can be scanned repeatedly for recording spectra of a sample

that changes with time.

(3) Photometric values can be printed out at the specified wavelength interval.

2-5

(4) Photometric values can also be displayed on the LCD.

(5) Graphic display on the LCD can be output onto the printer. It takes a little

over 10 seconds to make a hard copy for the graphic display on the LCD.

2.4.3 Time Scan

(1) A graph can be displayed with time graduated on the abscissa.

(2) Photometric values can be printed out at the specified time interval.

(3) Data can be calculated for right assay.

2.4.4 Secondary Processing Functions

The HALO DB-20 can store in the memory the measured spectrum and its change with time. Secondary processing can be applied variously to the stored data.

 Automatic Data Readout

A cursor can be moved to a desired point in the spectrum currently displayed on the LCD screen and a reading of the absorbance (transmittance) at that point.

 Peak Detection

Cursor can be moved to a peak position to display absorbance (transmittance) readings at the peak. In addition, an automatic peak selection routine allows peak and valley measurements to be printed in list format on the printer.

 Scale Expansion

Three methods are available for expanding the graphic display on the LCD.

(a) Simultaneous Expansion of X and Y Axes

Cursor should be moved for pointing out a desired expansion range.

(b) Expansion of X Axis

Numeric values should be input to specify a desired expansion range

for the abscissa.

2-6

Numeric values should be input to specify a desired expansion range

for the ordinate.

 Smoothing

A spectrum with a large noise level can be corrected to form a smooth curve.

 Differentiation

The data of a spectrum currently displayed on the LCD are differentiated. The derivative order applicable ranges 1.

 Integration

A peak area can be determined by specifying the two wavelengths or times between which you wish the integration calculated. The DB-20 then integrates the area under the spectral curve between the specified points and points out the results.

 Calculations Between Spectra

You can calculate addition, subtraction, multiplication or division between two spectra or calculate a constant value with the resulting data displayed on the LCD.

 Recalculation During Rate Assay (Kinetics)

Upon completion of a rate assay in the Time Scan mode, you can adjust the calculation start time and end time to allow recalculation of the data.

2.4.5 Data Storage Function

The following data are stored in the memory, and are not deleted even if the instrument power is turned off.

 Analytical conditions for 20 tests

The working curve prepared for each test can also be stored together with the analytical conditions.

 Up to 10 measurement results in inside memory. You also can store the

measurement results in flash memory which can be open via personal computer.

 Three baselines (System baseline and two user-defined baseline.)

 Instrument parameters that were used most recently.

2-7

2.4.6 Automatic Start Function

When the automatic start function is set in advance, the operator need only turn on the power switch (measuring conditions are set automatically), set a sample in the instrument and then press the START key. The rest is done automatically.

2.4.7 Automatic Calibration and Self – Diagnosis Functions

a) Memory (RAM and EPROM) check

b) Wavelength drive mechanism check

c) Lamp ignition check

d) Automatic wavelength calibration

Wavelength is automatically calibrated with reference to that of the

beam emitted from the D2 lamp.

e) Baseline Correction

2.5 Specifications

2-8

Table 2-1 DB-20 Specifications

Item Description

Monochromator Equipped with high resolution

concave diffraction grating and Seya-

Namioka monochromator Wavelength Range 190~1100nm Spectral Bandwidth 1.5 nm Stray Light 0.05% or less (220nm NaI, 340nm

NaNO2) Wavelength Accuracy ±0.3nm Wavelength Reproducibility 0.1nm Photometric Mode Abs, %T, Conc

Photometric Range

Abs: -3.000~3.000

%T: 0~600%T

Conc: 0.000~9999 Photometry Accuracy (Measured with NIST 930D Filter)

±0.002Abs (0~0.5Abs)

±0.004Abs (0.5~1.0Abs)

±0.008Abs (1.0~2.0Abs)

±0.3%T Photometry Reproducibility (Measured with NIST 930D)

±0.001Abs (0~0.5Abs)

±0.002Abs (0.5~1.0Abs)

±0.004Abs (1.0~2.0Abs)

±0.15%T Baseline Flatness ±0.002Abs ( 200 to 950 nm) Baseline Stability 0.0003Abs/h (at 500 nm)

2 hours after power up Noise Level 0.0003Abs/300s (500nm) Wavelength Scan Speed 10, 100, 200, 400,

800,1200,2400,3600nm/min Light Sources WI lamp, D2 lamp Light Source Switchover Automatic changeover, 325-370nm

selectable Detector Silicon photodiode Display Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Printer Interface PCL/3,ESC/P or DPU Expanded Storage USB Disk Communication Function RS-232C Dimensions 500(W) ×705 (D) ×225 (H) Weight Approx. 29kg Power Source 100, 115, 220, 230, 240V 50/60Hz Power Consumption 200VA

2-9

Chapter 3 Operational method

3.1 Basic Operation

3.1.1 Operational Procedure

The user interface of the HALO DB-20 is convenient and easy-to-use. Screen prompts help you to select the variables that are required for method set-up and data acquisition.

3.1.2 Key-Panel Functions

The illustration below shows the operation panel of the HALO DB-20. There three groups to touch keys on the panel: Special function Numerical Control

Key Functions The function of each key on the HALO DB-20 key panel is described below:

Main Menu

List the six data processing functions and retrieves the initial main menu frame.

Clear Return

This key acts as a backspace key to erase the last character entered or acts as a return key to the previous screen display.

Left Arrow

Moves the trace left or the page up.

3-1

Right Arrow

Moves the trace right or the page down.

Up Arrow

Moves the highlight or the page up.

Down Arrow

Moves the highlight or the page down.

Enter

Enter numeric values specified through the keyboard or selects a test for which analytical conditions is to be set.

Goto WL

Used to select a desired wavelength.

Auto Zero

Automatic zero adjustment. In subsequent measurements, each photometric value is determined with reference to the value stored above.

Start/Stop

Start or stop the measurement.

Print Data

Used to copy data or spectrum from the screen to the printer.

Shift Upper

When hold down, this key allows you to use the keyboard keys to enter the upper alphabetical characters.

Shift Down

When hold down, this key allows you to use the keyboard keys to enter the down alphabetical characters.

0%T

To measure the dark current.

3-2

3.2 Preliminary Operation

3.2.1 Initialization

Upon turning on the power switch, the INITIALIZATION frame appears on

the display and the instrument performs a self-diagnosis and automatic wavelength calibration. During self-diagnosis your HALO DB-20 spectrophotometer checks the following items.

 RAM  ROM  Wavelength Driver  D2 lamp  WI lamp  AD Conversion  656.1nm

As each item is checked, the message “OK” will display if the item’s function is normal or the message “NG” will display if the item’s function is abnormal.

CONSULT THE TROUBLESHOOTING SECTION IF YOU FIND ERROR MESSAGE DURING INITIALIZATION.

Error Message:

1. If the wavelength driver is NG, the system will freeze. And you must power off the instrument to solve the problem.

2. If the other items are error, the instrument can go on run by pressing

Clear/Return. Or else the system will stop.

Initilization…

RAM OK ROM OK Wavelength Driver OK D2 lam p OK WI lamp OK AD Conversion OK

656.1nm OK

3-3

3.2.2 Main Menu

After initialization, the LCD will enter into the interface which last interface

before power off. Press Main Manu key and the Main Menu screen appears on

the display as shown in the below.

The Main Menu lists seven options plus Wavelength and photometric value displayed on the top of the screen. To guide you through each procedure, there is a prompt displayed at the bottom of each screen page. The function of each option item refers to chapter 2.

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Main Menu

1 Photometry 2 Wavelength Scan 3 Time Scan 4 Multiple WL

5 File Manager 6 Calibration

7 Test Menu

Select Function: _

Selecting Options from the Main Menu You can access a desired option in one of two ways:

1. The numeric key as the function key, just press the number, such as Press <1> to start the Photometry sub menu.

2. Press Main Menu key to return the Main menu.

3-4

3.3 Photometry

Press [1] on the keypad in the main menu to enter the photometry mode. The photometry submenu will be displayed on the LCD.

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Photometry

1 Parameter Setup 2 Sample Setup 3 Curve Setup 4 Print Setup 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter

0 Forward

Select Function: _

To help you understand the variables for each sub menu option, the general purpose/function of each option is outlined in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1 Photometry Options and Variables

Sub menu

Option

Variables Range Description of Function

Parameter Setup

Data Mode

T%, ABS, Conc

190 ~ 1100nm

Measures transmittance, absorbance and concentration.

Wavelength for analysis Sample Setup

Name

02/11/02

Path Length Unit Label

1-9,A-Z,*,,space,:,/, Not more than 8 character 10mm Not more than 6 character

Sample title.

Specify the concentration units

Curve Setup

Curve Type

Curve Data Num STDS

1st order 2nd order Segment K-factor

0.000 ~ 9999 2 ~ 20

Linear-squares fit (y=k

x+k0) Quadratic fit (y=k2x2+ k1x+k0) Straight lines interconnecting curve points

Concentration of each standard Number of standards used for fitting the selected curve type

3-5

Print Setup Printer Type ESC/P, DPU,PCL3 System Setup

Lamp change mode

Lamp change WL (nm) D2 lamp WI lamp

Auto

D2 Lamp Only WI Lamp Only

325.0~370.0 (±0.1nm) On / Off On / Off

Changeover is automatically made between D2 Lamp and WI Lamp Using D2 lamp /WI lamp over the entire wavelength region Changeover wavelength between D2 Lamp and WI lamp Turn on or off the D2 Lamp Turn on or off the WI lamp

When the sample is volatile liquid, pleas must cover the sample cell with lid. Don’t measure the combustible liquid or gas with this instrument. If the sample is spilled over from the sample cell, please blot up immediately with proper paper or cloth lest eroding the instrument.

Cautions:

3.3.1 Step by Step Operation

3.3.1.1 Parameter Setup

Press <1> to select Parameter Setup from the photometry submenu, the parameter submenu list appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below:

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Photometry

1 Parameter Setup 1 Data Mode ABS 2 Sampl e Setup 2 WL (nm) 500.0 3 Curve Setup 4 Print Setup 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter

0 Forward

Select Function: _

1 T% 2 ABS 3 Conc

3-6

Press the corresponding key on the keyboard to select the function. For example, press <1> to select Data Mode; press <2> to input the wavelength for analysis.

Data Mode: The following three data mode is acceptable. %T: (percent transmittance measurement) ABS: (Absorbance measurement) Conc: (Concentration measurement) WL (nm): Determine a wavelength to be used for measurement. This

parameter can be established within a range of 190 ~ 1100 nm in increments of 0.1 nm.

Note: There are always prompts on the bottom of the screen. You can operate

according the prompts.

3.3.1.2 Sample Setup

Press <2> to select Parameter Setup from the photometry submenu, a submenu list appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below:

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Photometry

1 Parameter Setup 1 Name : SAMP-1 2 Sample Setup 2 Path Length ( nm ): 10.0 3 Curve Setup 3 Uni t Label : MG/L 4 Print Setup

5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 0 Forward

Select Function: _

Press <1> key to input the sample name. The name cannot be more than eight characters. Press <2> to input the Path Length value, which means: when measurement was preformed using a cell other than 10 mm rectangular cell, the photometric value can be converted into one measured with a 10 mm rectangular cell.

3.3.1.3 Curve Setup

3-7

Press <3> to select Curve Setup from the photometry submenu, a submenu list

appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below:

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Photometry

1 Parameter Setup 1 1st order 2 Sampl e Setup 2 STD NUM 3 Curve Setup 3 Curve Data 10 4 Print Setu p 4 Repeat NUM 1 5 System Setup 5 HI Lim it 9999 6 Save Parameter 6 LO Limit 0 7 Forward

Select Function: _

Curve Type

Note: Function 2 to function 6 can only work at the “Conc”

data mode.

Curve Type: Press <1> on the keyboard. The following four types of curves

selectable are shown in the illustration below.

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Photometry

1 Parameter Setup 1 1st order 2 Sampl e Setup 2 STD NUM 3 Curve Setup 3 Curve Data 10 4 Print Setup 4 Repeat NUM 1 5 System Setup 5 HI Limit 9999 6 Save Parameter 6 LO Limit 0 7 Forward

Select Function: _

Curve Type

1 1st order 2 2nd order 3 Segement 4 K-factor

3-8

Press corresponding key on the keyboard to select curve type. In which 1st order means linear; 2nd order means quadratic regression curve; segment means polygonal line; K-factor means k-factor input line. If select “1st order”, the standards number should be more than 2. If select “Second order”, the standards number should be more than 3. If select “K-factor”, then you can input the value of k0, k1 and k2.

Note: If the standards number is not fit the curve type, the system

will automatically changed the numbers to fit the curve type.

 Curve Data: Input the standards concentration.

Press <3> key on the keypad to input the Curve Data. The data list will appear on the right side of the screen as follows. Left and right arrow key are used to select the ID of Standards (STDs).

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Photometry

1 Parameter Setup ST

Conc

2 Sampl e Setup 110 3 Curve Setup 2 20 4 Print Setu p 3 30 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 0 Forward

Input Value:_ (0 to 9999)

 STD NUM: (Number of standards)

Select the numbers of standards sample. This parameter is

specifiable in range of 2 to 20.

 Repeat Num: Indicates the times to repeat to measure the standard sample.

Input this value from 1-5.

3-9



HI Limit:

The highest value limitation of concentration. If the

concentration more than this value, “HI” will be displayed. The value of concentration is between 0 to 9999.

 LO Limit:

The lowest value limitation of concentration. If the

concentration less than this value, “LO” will be displayed .The value of concentration is between 0 to 9999.

3.3.1.4 Print Setup

Press <4> to select Print Setup from the photometry submenu, a submenu list appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below:

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Photometry

1 Parameter Setup 1 ESC/P 2 Sampl e Setup 3 Curve Setup 4 Print Setup 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 0 Forward

Select Function: _

Printer Type

1 ESC/P 2 DPU 3 PCL3

Press the number key on the keyboard to select corresponding function.

DB-20 support three types printer, namely EPSON series printer, HP type series printer and Seiko thermal printer.

3.3.1.5 System Setup

Press <5> to select System Setup from the photometry submenu, a submenu list appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below:

3-10

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Photometry

1 Parameter Setup 1 Lamp Change Mode Auto 2 Sampl e Setup 2 Lamp Change WL ( nm ) 350.0 3 Curve Setup 3 WI Lamp On 4 Print Setu p 4 D2 Lamp Off 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 0 Forward

Select Function: _

 Lamp Change Mode:

The followings three Lamp Change Mode are available. Auto: Changeover is automatically made between D2 Lamp and WI Lamp. D2 Lamp Only: Using D2 lamp over the entire wavelength region. WI Lamp Only: Using WI lamp over the entire wavelength region.

 Lamp Change WL (nm):

This parameter is used for selection of light source switching wavelength. This spectrophotometer is provided with WI lamp for visible range measurement and D2 lamp for ultraviolet range measurement. The wavelength is selectable with a range of 325.0 ~ 370.0 nm in increments of 0.1 nm.

 WI Lamp: Turn on or turn off the WI lamp.

 D2 Lamp: Turn on or turn off the D2 lamp.

Note: If turn on the lamp but display “OFF”, perhaps the lamp is error.

3.3.1.6 Save Parameter

3-11

Press <6> key to select Save Parameter from the photometry submenu. The submenu screen is shown as following:

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Photometry

1 Parameter Setup 2 Sampl e Setup

3 Curve Setup 4 Print Setup

5 System Setup 6Save Parameter

0 Forward

Select Function: _

Use the keypad to select the desired catalog number (1-20), then press ENTER. If the memory location that you have selected is available, the instrument stores entire variable set under test name you have specified. If the catalog number you requested is already full, the following message appears:

Overwrite this File?

To delete the previous test variables and store the new variable set, press ENTER. To leave the old variables set intact and store new variables in a different location, press RETURN.

3.3.2 Performing Photometric Measurements

Once the appropriate operating conditions are selected, the system is ready for measurement.

1. “%T” or “ABS” selected for Data Mode

Press <0> on the keyboard and the variable selection screen will change to the measurement screen and the following message will appear on the screen: Insert SAMP and Press Start to Measure:

Press Autozero on the keyboard to begin an autozero first, and then insert the sample and press START key to begin a photometric measurement. The results

3-12

of measurement (value of absorbance or transmittance) will display on the screen.

After finishing the measurement, press Clear/Return key to go on other

performance.

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Photometry

1 2

ABS(T%)

Select Function:_

0.103

0.108

If you press CLEAR key right after the measurement without save, such hint will appear on the screen:

Data Save? Yes: Clear key/ No: Enter key.

To save the measurement, press Clear/Return key and return the last display.

Then select the memory where you want to save the file (Inside memory or USB). If you do not want to save the measurement result, press Enter key directly.

2. “Conc” selected for Data Mode

Select “Conc” data mode from item “Parameter Setup”. After parameter being set up, press <0> on the keyboard and the variable selection screen will change to the measurement screen on which is shown in the illustration below.

3-13

Press Autozero on the keyboard to begin an autozero, and then insert the

and

1 Measure 2 Save Inside 3 Save to USB

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Photometry

STD ABS Conc

Insert STD and Press Start to Measure

standard sample 1 and press START. The standard sample 1 is measured

the resultant value is indicated on the screen. In the same manner, repeat measurement as many time as the specified number of standards. Upon completion of standard sample measurements, a calibration curve is disp on the right side of the screen on which is shown in the illustration below.

s, a calibration curve is disp

on the right side of the screen on which is shown in the illustration below.

layed

1 Measure 2 Save Inside 3 Save to USB 4 Graph 5 Blank 6 Statistic

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Photometry 0.410

STD ABS Conc 1 -.0068 0.000 2 -.0098 0.050 3 0.203 0.100 ABS

4 0.300 0.150 5 0.410 0.200 -0.068

MG/L

0.200

Conc = f(ABS) K0 = 0.000 K1 = 0.57 7 R= 1.000 R2 = 1.000 Select Function: _

3-14

If the Repeat Num is more than one, all the measurement value will be displayed

fter measuring of standard sample, insert the unknown sample and then press

Note: The “+” marks indicating the measured points are suppressed in

presentation of a saved calibration curve.

in the screen. For example, the Repeat Num is 2, the following screen will appear on the LCD.

600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Photometry

0.410

STD ABS Conc 1-1 - 0. 068

1-2 - 0. 068 1 -0.068 0.000 ABS

2-1 0.098 2-2 0.100 0.050 2 0.099 -0.068

0.000 MG/L 0.200

Conc = f(ABS) K0 = 0.000 K1 = 0. 577 R= 1.000 R2 = 1.000 Select Function: _

1 Measure 2 Save Inside 3 Save to USB 4 Graph 5 Blank 6 Statistic

A <1> key on the keypad to measure the unknown sample. Press <2> to save the measurement results. The instrument can save 10 files (1 –10) at most. If you want to save the file in the flash memory, press <3> key on the keyboard. Pres <4> key on the keyboard to adjust the coordinate of calibration curve. The display screen is shown as follow after pressing <4> key.

3-15

Press <1> key on the keypad to trace the absorbance. The absorbance at any

Press Return/Clear to return the last interface screen and then press <2> on the

1 Trace 2 Zoom 3 STD Data

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Photometry

0.410

ABS

-0.068 0 0.200

Conc = f(ABS) K0 = 0.000 K1 = 0. 577 R= 1.000 R2 = 1.000 Select Function: _

wavelength will be displayed at the bottom of the screen by pressing the left a right arrow key. The display screen is shown as follow.

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Photometry

0.410

ABS

-0.068 0 0.200

Conc = f(ABS) K0 = 0.000 K1 = 0. 577 R= 1.000 R2 = 1.000 Select Function: _

Trace conc 0.0 ABS -0.068

keypad to adjust the graph by changing the value of the two axis. The adjusting screen is shown as following.

3-16

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Zoom

0.410

1 X - Max 0.200 2X- Min 0 3 Y- Max 0.410 ABS 4 Y- Min -0.068

-0.068

0.000 MG/L 0.200

Select Function: _

Press <3> key to display the measurement data of standard sample. But it just displays the mean value of several results for the same standard sample even if it is measured more than one times. Then select “Remeasure” by pressing <1> on the keypad to remeasure the absorbance of this standard sample. Select the “Delete” to delete the result you don’t want.

1 Remeasure 2 Delete

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Photometry

STD ABS Conc

1 -0.068 0.0

20.0981.0

31.0255.0

1-1 -0.068 2-2 -0.068

Select Function: _

If you need measure blank sample value, press <5> before measure sample. Once you press <5> key, the display will prompt you to insert the sample and

press Start to measure and press Clear/Return to return the last menu. Then

3-17

press <1> to start the sample measurement. Prompt --“Insert the sample and press START to measure”-- is displayed at the bottom of the screen.

Then insert unknown samples and press START. The concentration calculation

If the sample were measured more than 1 times, you can press <6> to get

he values of “Mean”, “SD” and “CV” are calculated according the following

is performed automatically and the measured results will be displayed on the LCD. The measurement result will be displayed on the screen as follow.

Note: Press Autozero key to exert an autozero before measurement.

statistics. The display will be as following:

13/11/02 15:55 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Photometry

0.098

ID ABS Conc 1 0.087 5.0

2 0.098 10.0

0.087 0 MG/L 10.0

Select Function: _

Mean=7.5 2 SD=3.535 3 CV=47.13

T formula.

MEAN

∑

12−

⎟

⎟ ⎠

⎞

⎜

⎜ ⎝

⎛

−

∑

100×=

MEAN

3-18

Where

e concentration value of No.i

= the number of samples

ion

sults are less than 2, the statistic function

will not work.

＝Th

N MEAN = the mean value SD = Standard deviation CV = Coefficient of variat

Note: If the measurement re

3-19

3.4 Wavelength Scan

Select wavelength scan from the Main Menu.

Press

MAIN MENU on the keypad to enter the main menu screen. And then press

2 on the keyboard from the main menu to enter the Wavelength Scan sub menu

which is shown in the illustration below.

11/04/02 9:54 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wavelength Scan

1 Parameter Setup 2 Sampl e Setup 3 Print Setu p 4 System Setup 5 Save Parameter

6 User Baseline 0 Forward

Select Function: _

3.4.1 Measurement Parameter Setting

When the sample is volatile liquid, please must cover the sample cell with lid. Don’t measure the combustible liquid or gas with this instrument.

Note:

1. Parameter Setup

Press <1> to select parameter setup from the Wavelength Scan Sub Menu and a sub

menu list will appear on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration

below.

3-20

11/04/02 9:54 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wavelength Scan

1 Parameter Setup 1 Data Mode ABS 2 Sample Set up 2 Star t WL (nm) 600.0 3 Print Setup 3 Stop WL (nm) 500.0 4 System Setup 4 Up Scale 3.000 5 Save Parameter 5 Low Scale -3.000

6 User Baseline 6 Scan Speed (nm/min) 400 0 Forward 7 Num Cycles 1

8 Cycle Time (s) 0 9 Display Format Sequential

Select Function: _

1 %T 2 ABS 3 E(S) 4 E( R)

 Data Mode

Select one of the following modes: a) %T (percent transmittance measurement) b) ABS (absorbance measurement) c) E (S) (Energy on the sample side measurement) d) E (R) (Energy on the reference side)

 Start WL (nm)

Start Wavelength for wavelength scanning operation. Enter a long wavelength value of the measurement wavelength range. This parameter is specifiable within a range of 190 to 1100 nm in increments of

0.1 nm.

 Stop WL (nm)

Stop Wavelength for wavelength scanning operation. Enter a short wavelength value of the measurement wavelength range. This parameter is specifiable within a range of 190 to 1100 nm in increments of

0.1 nm.

Note: 1. The minimum scan width is 10 nm.

2. The data read interval varies depending on the wavelength range.

3. The data reading wavelength interval varies depending on the specified wavelength range.

3-21



r Y-axis upper limit in each Data Mode is as follows:

Low Scale (Lower Scale)

r Y-axis upper limit in each Data Mode is as follows:

Scan Speed (nm/min)

g speed.

ues are selectable:

200; 7)2400; 8)3600

Cycle Num (Cycle numbers)

e times which the sample is measured after the

Sequential,you can select Num Cycles from 1 to 99.

Cycle Time

alue from 0 to 9999 second.

Display Format

options –Sequential and Overlay -- in this function. If the

elected,

2. Sample Setup

ct sample setup from the Wavelength Sub Menu and a sub menu

Up Scale (Upper Scale)

Upper limit on Y-axis The specifiable range fo ABS: Within a range of –3.000 to 3.000 in increments of 0.001. %T: Within a range of 0 to 600.0in increments of 0.1.



Lower limit on Y-axis. The specifiable range fo ABS: Within a range of –3.000 to 3.000 in increments of 0.001. %T: Within a range of 0 to 600.0 in increments of 0. 1.



Wavelength scannin The following eight speed val

1) 10; 2) 100; 3) 200; 4) 400; 5) 800; 6)1



This parameter indicates th START key is pressed. When Display Format is When Display Format is Overlay, Num Cycle is fixed 2.



Input this v



There are two Sequential is selected, only the last graph is displayed. If the Overlay is s all the graph are displayed on the screen.

Press <2> to sele list will appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below. These parameters are the same as section 3.3.

3-22

11/04/02 9: 44 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wavelength Scan

1 Parameter Setup 1Name SAMP-1 2 Sample Setup 2 Path Length (nm) 10.0 3 Print Setup 4 System Setup 5 Save Parameters

ser Baseline

0 Forward

Input Name:_

 Name

ring Sample name.

pecifiable. It can input “0-9”, “A-Z”, “-”, “/”, “:”.

 m)

t was preformed using a cell other than 10 mm rectangular

. Print Setup

elect system setup from the Wavelength Sub Menu and a sub menu

Measu Up to eight characters are s

Path length (m When measuremen cell, the photometric value can be converted into one measured with a 10 mm rectangular cell.

Press <3> to s list will appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below.

3-23

11/04/02 10:17 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wavelength Scan

1 Parameter Setup 1 Printer Type ESC/P 2 Sampl e Setup 2 Auto Prin t ON 3 Print Setup 3 Graph Print ON 4 System Setup 4 Data Print Peak 5 Save Parameter 5 List Interval (nm) 10.0 6 User Baseline 0 Forward

Select Function: _

 Printer Type

There are three kinds of printer to select: EPSON, Seiko, HP.

 Auto Print

If the autoprint function is “ON”, the DB-20 will print automatically the setting parameter and the graph or data after completion of a measurement. But if the autoprint function is “OFF”, the instrument will not print automatically unless the Print key is pressed.

 Graph Print

Using this parameter to determine whether to output the on-screen spectral graph onto the printer automatically at the end of wavelength scanning.

 Data Print

If it is desired to print out photometric values at a fixed wavelength interval during spectral scanning, set the Text Print parameter to Peak, Valley or All Data. Otherwise, set this parameter to Not Print.

 List Interval (nm)

If the Text Print parameter is set to ON, specify a wavelength interval at which photometric values are printed out. This parameter is specifiable within a range of 0.1 to 100.0 nm in increments of 0.1 nm.( Please refer to section 3.4.4 )

4. System Setup

Press <4> to select system setup from the Wavelength Sub Menu and a sub menu list will appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below. These parameters are the same as 3.3 except Peak Threshold.

3-24

11/04/02 11:23 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wavelength Scan

1 Parameter Setup 1 Auto 2 Sampl e Setup 2 Lamp Change WL ( nm) 350.0 3 Print Setu p 3 WI Lamp On 4 System Setup 4 D2 Lamp On 5 Save Parameter 5 Peak Threshold 0.001

6 User Baseline 6 Baseline System 0 Forward 7 Response Medium

8 Init Delay (s) 0

Select Function: _

Lamp Change Mode

1 Auto 2 D2 Only 3 WI Only

 Lamp Change Mode:

 Lamp Change WL (nm):

 WI Lamp: Turn on or turn off the WI lamp.

 D2 Lamp: Turn on or turn off the D2 lamp.

 Peak Threshold:

Threshold function is used to determine the level of signal changes required to be identified as peak or valley. The range of threshold is 0.1 ~ 100.0 %T

（E）

or 0.001 ~ 1.000 ABS.

 Baseline:

Choose the kind of baseline to use for measurement. The following four kinds of baselines are selectable: a) System (auto calibration from 190 to 1100 nm)

3-25

b) User 1 (calibration according to input conditions) c) User 2 (calibration according to input conditions) d) None There is no baseline.

 Response:

There are three response speeds to select: Fast, Medium and Slow. In the ordinary measurement, select “Medium”. If it is desired to reduce variation, choose the slow response parameter. If it is required carry out highresolution measurement, select “Fast” response parameter.

 Init Delay:

Specify an initial delay time where it is required to wait until the temperature becomes stable for sample measurement or the sample sipper is employed. In an ordinary measurement application, set an initial delay time to ‘0’ (zero). This parameter is specifiable within a range of 0 to 9999 seconds in increments of one second.

5. Save Parameter

Press <5> to select Save Parameter from the wavelength scan submenu, a submenu list appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below:

10/11/02 13:28 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wavelength Scan

1 Parameter Setup 2 Sampl e Setup 3 Print Setu p

4 System Setup 5Save Parameter 6 User Baseline 0 Forward

Input File No.:_ (1 to 20)

Overwrite this File?

3-26

To delete the previous test variables and store the new variable set, press ENTER. To leave the old variables set intact and store new variables in a different location, press RETURN.

6. User Baseline

Press <6> to select User Baseline from the wavelength scan submenu, a submenu list appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below:

09/11/02 15:32 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wavelength Scan

1 Parameter Setup 1 System 2 Sampl e Setup 2 User 1 3 Print Setup 3 User 2 4 System Setup 5 Save Parameter 6 User Baseline 0 Forward

Press START to measure or Return to exit

Press the numeric key to select System, User 1 or User 2. With the screen displayed, press START and the baseline measurement is executed. The wavelength range of the User 1 and User 2 is specified under the parameter Setup. The user baseline measurement is conducted under the currently defined conditions. Therefore, efficient correction can be made using the identical conditions (wavelength range, scan speed, data read interval, etc.) to those of actual measurement.

Note: If the baseline is out of baseline range you selected or there is not

baseline stored in memory, such hint will appear on the bottom of screen.

Baseline out of Range

7. Forward: End setting up and go to the measurement display.

3-27

3.4.2 Performing a Wavelength Measurement

Upon completion of measurement conditioning setting, press the <0> key and the measurement screen appears on the LCD. When the conditioning screen is switched over to the measurement screen, the instrument checks the user-specified parameters.

If any conditional inconsistency is found, the relevant error message is displayed at the bottom of the screen. Also, if the currently wavelength does not match the start wavelength, it is forced to shift to the level of start wavelength.

Press

Autozero key on the keyboard to execute an auto zero. Then set a sample and

press the START key to perform wavelength scanning and the spectrum will be displayed on the screen.

To abort a measurement during operation, press the STOP key. Upon completion of measurement, the following spectral plot appears on the LCD. If the Auto Print and Graph parameter is preset to “On”, the on-screen spectral plot is output to the printer if connected. If the printer does not print the graph correctly, check the printer setup menu to make sure that the correct printer type is selected.

11/08/02 16: 44 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wavelength Scan

3.000

ABS

-3.000 190 1100.0

Select Function:_

1 Trace 2 Peak 3 Zoom 4 Process 5 Reset 6 File

3-28

3.4.3 Secondary Processing

The measured spectrum is stored in internal memory. Several kinds of computational processing can be performed for the stored spectrum. The following explains these secondary-processing operations.

Note: The second processing is effective only for the spectral data measured last. For the overlaid spectral attained through repetitive scanning, only the spectral data measured in last cycle can be handled in the secondary processing.

(a) Trace

The Trace processing function allows the user to read out values of the on-screen spectrum by means of the crosshair “+” cursor. On completion of measurement, press <1> on the keyboard and then the trace screen appears as shown below.

11/08/02 16:44 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wavelength Scan

3.000

ABS

-3.000 190 1100.0

Select Function:_

Trace: nm 500.0 ABS 0.043

When the crosshair (+) cursor appears on the spectral graph, it can be moved left/right using the arrow keys. The wavelength range that the cursor moved each time is according to Wavelength Range on Interval. Holding the arrow key down causes this cursor to move quickly. The wavelength and photometric value pointed by the cursor are read out and indicated at the bottom of screen.

(b) Peaks

The Peaks processing function allows the user to detect spectral peaks. On completion of measurement, press <2> and then the peaks screen is presented as shown below.

3-29

11/08/02 16:44 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wav elength Scan

3.000

ABS

-3.000 190 1100.0

Select Function:_

1 Peak 2 Valley 3 All Data

If you want to read the value of peaks, press <1> and the graph screen will change to the data screen as below. Similarly, press <2> and the value of the valleys will be list on the screen.

11/05/02 15:23 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Peaks

ID W L(nm) ABS ID WL(nm) ABS ID WL(nm) ABS

1 512 0.172 2 548 0.068 3 589 - 0. 061

Select Function:_

If you want all data listed on the screen, then press <3> on the keypad. Press Return key to return last interface.,

This function allows the user to rescale the measured spectrum in different graph axial scales.

3-30

After measurement, press <5> on the keyboard and then the rescale screen is presented as shown below.

13/11/02 16: 42 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Zoom

1X - Ma

600.0

2X- Min 500.0 3 Y- Max 3.000 4 Y- Min -3.000

Select Function: _

(d) Process

This function is used for data processing. Press <4> , and the measurement screen change to the process screen as follow.

1 Smooth 2 Deriv 3 Area 4 Calcu 5 +K 6 *K 7 Reset

11/08/02 16:44 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Wavelength Scan

3.000

ABS

-3.000 190 1100.0

Select Function:_

 Smooth

3-31

The smooth function employs a data-smoothing algorithm to smooth the noise. DB-20 can displays 1st through 4th order smooth spectrum. Selection of this function causes the spectral graph screen to change.

 Deriv

The Deriv function allows the user to obtain a derivative spectral graph. DB-20 can displays 1st through 4th order derivate spectrum.

 Area

This function is used to carry out area calculation. Specify the wavelength range for area calculation, and this function will perform integration. When the spectral wavelength Start wavelength and End wavelength are specified, the Area function calculates the following area values.

 Calcu (Calculation)

Selection of this function causes the spectral graph screen to change as shown below.

11/06/02 17:16 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Calc

1 File A 1 2 File B 2 3 Arithmetic A + B

Select Function or Press Start to Calcul at e

File A or File B is to select stored file. Item 3 (Arithmetic) is to select calculation function such as ‘A+B’, ‘A-B’, ‘A*B’, ‘A/B’. Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division can be performed on 2 sets of spectral data.

 +K (or * K)

The +K (

*K) option performs addition (multiplication) of constant (K) on the

spectral plot. A constant can be entered in four digits within a range of –9999 to 9999.

3-32

(e) Reset

Using this function allows you to load the originality spectrum

(f) Files

DB-20 is capable of storing the spectral or time scan graph data in internal memory. Press <6> to save or load the spectral or time scans data.

11/08/02 16:44 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

W avelength Scan

3.000

ABS

-3.000

190.0 1100.0

Select Function:_

1 Save 2 Load 3 Overlay

Save: Save the spectrum as ‘1’ to ‘10’. Load: Load the stored file ‘1” to ‘10’. Overlay: Overlap the spectral data of the specified file on the current spectral graph.

3.4.4 Wavelength Scan Sampling Interval List

Wavelength scan sampling interval (Unit: nm) as following List.

Scan range

(1-100)

(100.1-

200) nm

(200.1-

500) nm

(500.1-

910) nm

3600 5 5 5 5 2400 5 5 5 5 1200 2 2 2 2

800 1 1 1 1 400 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 200 0.2 0.2 0.5 1 100 0.1 0.2 0.5 1

10 0.1 0.2 0.5 1

Velocity

(nm/min)

3-33

3.5 Time Scan

Select wavelength scan from the Main Menu. Press 3 on the keyboard to enter the Wavelength Scan sub menu

11/10/02 9:47 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Time Scan

1 Parameter Setup 1 Data Mode ABS 2 Sampl e Setup 2 WL (nm) 600.0 3 Print Setup 3 Scan Time (s) 500 4 System Setup 4 Up Scale 3.000 6 Save Parameter 5 Low Scale -3.000 0 Forward

Select Function: _

Note:

When the sample is volatile liquid, pleas must cover the sample cell with lid. Don’t measure the combustible liquid or gas with this instrument.

3.5.1. Measurement Parameter Setting

1. Parameter Setup

Press <1> to select parameter setup from the Time Scan Sub Menu and a sub menu list will appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below.

3-34

11/10/02 9:47 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Time Scan

1 Parameter Setup 1 Data Mode ABS 2 Sampl e Setup 2 WL (nm) 600.0 3 Print Setup 3 Scan Time (s) 500 4 System Setup 4 Up Scale 3.000 6 Save Parameter 5 Low Scale -3.000 0 Forward

Select Function: _

1 %T 2 ABS 3 E(S) 4 E(R)

 Data Mode

Select one of the following modes:

a) %T (percent transmittance measurement) b) ABS (absorbance measurement) c) E (S) (Energy on the sample side measurement) d) E (R) (Energy on the reference side)

 WL (nm) (Wavelength)

Enter a wavelength to be used for measurement. DB-20 has a range of 190 to 1100 nm in increments of 0.1 nm.

 Scan Time

Specify a scanning time which corresponds to the upper limit value on the abscissa axis of spectral graph. Range of 60 to 99999 seconds in increments of one second.

 Up Scale (Upper Scale)

Upper limit on Y axis. Range for Y-axis upper limit in each Data Mode is as follows: ABS: Within a range of –3.000 to 3.000 in increments of 0.001. %T: Within a range of 0 to 600.0 in increments of 0. 1.

 Low Scale (Lower Scale)

Lower limit on Y-axis. Range for Y-axis upper limit in each Data Mode is as follows: ABS: Within a range of –3.000 to 3.000 in increments of 0.1.

3-35

%T: Within a range of 0 to 600.0 in increments of 0. 1.

 Response

Three response speeds are available: Fast, Medium and Slow. Most application requires a “Medium”. For better reproducibility, choose the slow response parameter. For high-resolution measurement, select “Fast” response parameter.

Note: The data reading time interval varies depending on the specified scan time.

Determine a period of scan time according to the purpose of measurement. As

the scan time increase, data is smoothed more to reduce noise.

Scan Time (sec) Reading Interval (sec)

Scan time < 100 0.1

100 ≤ Scan time < 200

0.2

200 ≤ Scan time < 500

0.5

500 ≤ Scan time < 1000

1.0

1000 ≤ Scan time < 2000

2.0

1000 ≤ Scan time < 5000

5.0

5000 ≤ Scan time < 9999

10.0

Scan time ≥ 10000

100.0

2. Sample Setup

Press <2> to select sample setup from the Time Scan Sub Menu and a sub menu list will appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below. These parameters are the same as 3.3.

11/14/02 11:26 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Time Scan

1 Parameter Setup 1Name SAMP-1 2 Sample Setup 2 Path Length (nm) 10.0 3 Print Setup 4 System Setup 5 Save Parameter 0 Forward

Input Name:_

3-36

 Name

Sample name. Up to eight characters are specifiable. It can input “0-9”, “A-Z”, “-”, “/”, “:”.

 Path length (mm)

When measurement was preformed using a cell other than 10 mm rectangular cell, the photometric value can be converted into one measured with a 10 mm rectangular cell.

3. Print Setup

Press <3> to select system setup from the Wavelength Sub Menu and a sub menu list will appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below.

11/10/02 13:29 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Time Scan

1 Parameter Setup 1 Printer Type ESC/P 2 Sampl e Setup 2 Auto Print ON 3 Print Setup 3 Gr aph Pr i nt ON 4 System Setup 4 Data Print Peak 5 Save Parameter 5 List I nt erval ( nm) 10.0 0 Forward

Select Function: _

 Printer Type

There are three kinds of printer to select: EPSON, Seiko, HP.

 Auto Print

If the Auto print function is “ON”, the DB-20 will print automatically the setting parameter and the graph or data after completion of a measurement. But if the Auto print function is “OFF”, the instrument will not print automatically.

 Graph Print

Using this parameter to determine whether to output the on-screen spectral graph onto the printer automatically at the end of wavelength scanning.

3-37

 Data Print

 List Interval (nm)

4. System Setup

Press <4> to select system setup from the Time Scan Sub Menu and a sub menu list will appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below. These parameters are the same as 3.3 except Peak Threshold. Refer to the System Setup of Wavelength Scan in Section 3.4.

1 Auto 2 D2 Only 3 WI Only

11/10/02 14:25 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Time Scan

1 Parameter Setup 1 Auto 2 Sampl e Setup 2 Lamp Change WL (nm) 350.0 3 Print Setu p 3 WI Lamp On 4 System Setup 4 D2 Lam p On 5 Save Parameter 5 Peak Thershold 0.001 0 Forward 6 Baseline System

7 Response Medium 8 Init Delay (s) 0.1

Select Function: _

Lamp Change Mode

3.5.2 Performing a Time Scan measurement

On completion of measurement conditioning setting, press the <0> key and the measurement screen appears on the LCD. When the conditioning screen is switched over to the measurement screen, the instrument checks the userspecified parameters.

3-38

If any conditional inconsistency is found, the relevant error message is displayed at the bottom of the screen. Also, if the currently specified wavelength does not match the measurement wavelength, it is forced to shift to the level of measurement wavelength.

Press

Autozero key on the keyboard to execute an auto zero. Then set a sample

and press the START key. Thus, time scanning is carried out and the spectrum is displayed on the screen.

To abort measurement prematurely, press the

STOP key. On completion of

measurement, the following spectral plot appears on the LCD. If the Auto Print and Graph Print parameter is preset to “ON”, the on-screen spectral plot is output onto the printer also.

11/11/02 10:41 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Time Scan

1.000

ABS

0.000 0 60s

Select function: _

1 Trace 2 Peak 3 Zoom 4 Process 5 Reset 6 File

3.5.3 Secondary Processing

The measured spectrum is stored in internal memory. Several kinds of computational processing can be performed for the stored spectrum. The following explains these secondary-processing operations.

3-39

(a) Trace

The Trace processing function allows the user to read out values of the onscreen spectrum by means of the crosshair “+” cursor. On completion of measurement, press <1> on the keyboard and then the trace screen appears as shown below.

11/11/02 10:41 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Time Scan

1.000

ABS

0.000 06

Trace :S 12 ABS 0.031

When the crosshair (+) cursor appears on the spectral graph, it can be moved left/right using the arrow keys. Holding the arrow key down causes this cursor to move quickly. The time and photometric value pointed by the cursor are read out and indicated at the bottom of screen.

(b) Peaks

The Peaks processing function allows the user to detect spectral peaks. On completion of measurement, press <2> and then the peaks screen is presented as shown below.

3-40

11/11/02 10:41 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Tim e Scan

1.000

ABS

0.000 06

Select Function:_

1 Peak 2 Valley 3 All Data 4 Kinetics

Press <1> and the screen will change the peak data screen as shown below. Similarly, press <2> and the Valley data will be listed on the screen. If you press <3> key and all data will be listed on the screen.

11/10/02 17:36 600.0 nm 0.85 ABS

Peak

ID Time(s) ABS ID Time(s) ABS ID ABS No Peaks

Selection Function :_

Time(s)

Press <4> key to select Kinetics. Then, you can input the start time and end time. The screen will change to Kinetics screen as shown below.

3-41

11/10/02 17:49 600.0 nm 0.85 ABS

Kinetics

Start(s) Stop(s) Slope(ABS/min) R R2

10 30 -6.6725E-05 0.170 0.029

Selection Function :_

This function allows the user to rescale the measured spectrum in different graph axial scales. After measurement, press <3> on the keyboard and then the rescale screen is presented as shown below.

Press the numeric key to adjust the range of X-axis and Y-axis.

10/11/2002 17:54 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Zoom

1X - Max 60.0 2X- Min 0 3Y- Max 0.100 4Y- Min 0.000

Select Function: _

3-42

(d) Process

This function is used for data processing. Press <4>, and the measurement screen change to the process screen as follow.

 Smooth

The smooth option is used for time scan graph smoothing. This function is convenient when handling a spectral graph containing appreciable noise. DB-20 can displays 1st through 4th order smooth spectrum..

 Deriv

The Deriv function allows the user to obtain a derivative spectral graph. Press <2> to select this function causes the spectral graph screen to change as shown below. DB-20 can displays 1st through 4th order smooth spectrum.

 Area

This function is used to carry out area calculation. Specify the time range for area calculation, and this function will perform integration. When the spectral time Start wavelength and End time are specified, the Area function calculates the following area values.

 Calcu

Selection of this function causes the spectral graph screen to change as shown below.

11/06/02 17:16 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Calc

1 File A 1 2 File B 2 3 Arithmetic A + B

Select Function or Press Start to Calcul ate

3-43

File A or File B is to select stored file. Item 3 (Arithmetic) is to select calculation function such as ‘A+B’, ‘A-B’, ‘A*B’, ‘A/B’. Using these function, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division can be performed on spectral data.

 +K (or * K)

The +K (*K) option performs addition (multiplication) of constant (K) on the spectral plot. A constant can be entered in four digits within a range of –9999 to 9999.

(e) Reset

Using this function allows you to load the originality spectrum

(f) Files

DB-20 is capable of storing the spectral or time – varying graph data in internal memory. After memory, press <6> and the spectral screen is changed as shown below.

Save: Save the spectrum as ‘1’ to ‘10’.

e specified file on the current spectral

5. Save Parameter

11/11/02 10:41 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Time Scan

1.000

ABS

0.000 0 60s

Select Function:_

1 Save 2 Load 3 Overlay

Load: Load the stored file ‘1” to ‘10’. Overlay: Overlap the spectral data of th graph.

3-44

Press <5> to select Parameter Setup from the time scan submenu, and a submenu list will appear on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below:

11/12/2002 14:36 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Time Scan

1 Parameter Setup 2 Sampl e Setup 3 Print Setu p 4 System Setup 5Save Parameter 0 Forward

Input File No._ (1 to 20)

Overwrite this File?

To delete the previous test variables and store the new variable set, press ENTER. To leave the old variables set intact and store new variables in a different location, press RETURN.

6. Forward:

End setting up and go to the measurement display.

3-45

3.6 Multiple WL

Note: When the sample is volatile liquid, pleas must cover the sample cell

with lid. Don’t measure the combustible liquid or gas with this instrument.

Press [4] on the keyboard to enter the Multiple WL option from the main menu. The Multiple WL submenu will be displayed on the LCD as shown in the illustration below.

11/12/02 15:38 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Multipl WL

1 Parameter Setup 2 Sampl e Setup 3 Curve Setup 4 Print Setu p 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 7 User Baseline 0 Forward

Select Function:_

3.6.1 Measurement Conditions Setting

1. Parameter Setup

Press <1> to select parameter setup from the Multiple WL Sub Menu and a sub menu list will appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below. Press numeric key to select corresponding function.

3-46

11/12/02 15:38 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Multipl WL

1 Parameter Setup 1 Data Mode ABS 2 Sampl e Setup 2 NUM WL 2 3 Curve Setup 3 WL Setup 500.0 4 Print Setu p 4 Baseline System 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 7 User Baseline 0 Forward

Select Function:_

1 T% 2 ABS 3 Conc 4 Ratio

 Data Mode

Select one of the following modes:

a) %T (percent transmittance measurement) b) ABS (absorbance measurement) c) Conc (concentration measurement, 2-, 3-wavelength calculation)

Concentration measurement only allows max 3 wavelengths.

d) Ratio

Ratio of 2 wavelengths can be performed. Example of application includes purity determination of DNA and/or RNA by using the difference and ratio of the absorbance at two user-selected wavelengths. Background can be corrected at a specific wavelength if the NUM WL is set at 3.

 WL NUM

When NUM WL is selected on the Multiple WL condition-setting screen, the following screen appears on the LCD.

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11/12/02 15:38 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Multipl WL

1 Parameter Setup 1 Data Mode ABS 2 Sampl e Setup 2 NUM WL 2 3 Curve Setup 3 WL Setup 500.0 4 Print Setu p 4 Baseline System 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 7 User Baseline 0 Forward

Input Value:_ (2 to 6)

Specifies the number of wavelengths. The following shows the relation between the number of wavelengths and each data mode. Data Mode

Settable

Wavelengt

Description

T% 2 to 6 Transmittance at each

wavelength is measured

and displayed.

ABS 2 to 6 Absorbance at each

wavelength is measured

and displayed.

2 2–wavelength calculation

is made and concentration

is obtained.

Conc

3 3–wavelength calculation

is made and concentration

is obtained.

(a) WL NUM (Data Mode: Conc)

The photometric values A (WL1) and A (WL2) at two specified wavelength is calculated based for the following formula.

D = WL2 – WL1

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A(WL1)

A(WL2)

Ratio =

(b) NUM WL ‘3’ (Data Mode: Conc) The photometric values A (WL1), A (WL2) and A (WL3) at three specified wavelengths are calculated base on the following formula.

D = (WL2 – WL3) – (WL1 – WL3)

A(WL3) - A(WL1)

A(WL3) - A(WL2)

Ratio =

(c) When NUM WL Ranges from 2 to 6 (Data Mode: ABS or T%) When data mode is ABS (or T%), absorbance (or transmittance) at each set wavelength is displayed.

 WL Setup

Setting the wavelength. Press <3> on the keyboard to select this function and the setting screen will change as following.

11/12/02 15:49 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Multipl WL

1 Parameter Setup WL Setup (nm) 2 Sample Setup WL1(nm) 200.0 3 Curve Setup W L2( nm) 300. 0 4 Print Setup WL3(nm ) 400.0 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 7 User Baseline 0 Forward

Input Value :_ (190.0 to 1100.0)

 Baseline

Press <4> key on the keyboard to select appropriate baseline type. Four options are available: System, User1, User2 and None. System baseline is recommended for most applications.

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2. Sample Setup(refer to section 3.3)

When selecting the Sample Setup, the Sample Setup screen appears on the LCD as shown below.

11/13/02 9: 54 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Multiple WL

1 Parameter Setup 1Name SAMP-1 2 Sample Setup 2 Path Length (nm) 10.0 3 Curve Setup 3 Unit Label MG/L 4 Print Setup 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 7 User Baseline 0 Forward

Input Value:_

3. Curve Setup (refer to section 3.3)

Press <3> key to select Curve Setup from the Multiple WL submenu. A submenu list appears on the right side of the screen, four options are available.

1 1st O rder 2 Second Order 3 Segment 4 K-factor

10/11/02 14:28 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Multiple W L

1 Parameter Setup 1 Curve Type 1st order 2 Sampl e Setup 2 STD NUM 3 3 Curve Setup 3 Curve Data 4 Print Setu p 4 Repeat NUM 2 5 System Setup 5 Hi Li mit 9999 6 Save Parameter 6 LO Limit 0 7 User Baseline 0 Forward

Select Function: _

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 Curve Type: Select the required curve types.

a) 1st order b) 2nd order c) Segment d) K – factor

Press corresponding key on the keyboard to select curve type. For “1st order”, the standards number should be more than 2. For “Second order”, the standards number should be more than 3. For “K-factor”, value of k

, k1 and k2 need to be

input

manually.

Note: If the standards number is not fit the curve type, the system will automatically changed the numbers to fit the curve type.

 Curve Data: Input the standards concentration. Press <2> on the

keyboard to input the standard Curve Data.

 STD NUM: (Number of standards)

Select the numbers of standards sample between “1” to “20”.

4. Print Setup (refer to section 3.3)

Press <4> to select Print Setup from the Multiple WL submenu, a submenu list appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below:

1 ESC/P 2 DPU 3 PCL3

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Multiple WL

1 Parameter Setup 1 Pr inter Type ESC/P 2 Sampl e Setup 3 Curve Setup 4 Print Setup 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 7 User Baseline 0 Forward

Select Function: _

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Press the number key on the keyboard to select corresponding function.

rinter setup: DB-20 support three types of printer, namely ESC/P, PCL3 type

. System Setup (refer to section 3.3)

Press <5> to select System Setup from the Multiple WL submenu, a submenu

 Lamp Change Mode:

three Lamp Change Mode are available.

p and

nly: Using D2 lamp over the entire wavelength

p Only: Using WI lamp over the entire wavelength

 Lamp Change WL (nm):

sed for selection of light source switching

hotometer is provided with WI lamp for visible

P and Seiko thermal printer.

list appears on the right side of the screen as shown in the illustration below:

11/13/02 11:35 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Multiple W L

1 Parameter Setup 1 Auto 2 Sampl e Setup 2 Lamp Change WL (nm) 350.0 3 Curve Setup 3 WI Lamp On 4 Print Setu p 4 D2 Lamp On 5 System Setup 6 Save Parameter 7 User Baseline 0 Forward

Select Function: _

Lamp Change Mode

1 Auto 2 D2 Only 3 WI Only

The followings Auto: Changeover is automatically made between D2 Lam WI Lamp. D2 Lamp O region. WI Lam region.

This parameter is u wavelength. This spectrop range measurement and D2 lamp for ultraviolet range

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measurement. The wavelength is selectable with a range of 325.0 ~ 370.0 nm in increments of 0.1 nm.

 WI Lamp: Turn on or turn off the WI lamp.

 D2 Lamp: Turn on or turn off the D2 lamp.

3.6.2 Performing Multiple WL Measurement

Creating a Standard Curve

After setting the appropriate operating conditions, use the following steps to perform multiple wavelength measurements.

1. Press <0> on the keyboard. The condition-setting screen will switch to the measurement screen.

2. Press <Autozero> to start an autozero measurement.

3. Insert the first standard sample in the sample compartment. Then press Start to start measurement. Repeat the step, as many times as are required to analyze the number of standards after completing analysis of standard samples, the measurement screen will change to following screen.

1 Measure 2 Save Inside 3 Save to USB 4 Graph 5 Blank 6 Statistic

16:42 400.0 nm 0.457 ABS

Multiple WL

STD WL1 W

Diff Conc

(200nm) (300nm)

1 0.000 0.

0.000 0.000 2 0.098 0.10.016 0.005 3 0.203 0.

0.017 0.100

Select Function: _

11/13/02

Press <3> key on the keypad to select Graph. Then the new curve will be created as following.

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11/10/02 17:54 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Zoom

0.410

1X - Ma

0.200 2X- Min 0 3 Y- Max 0.410 ABS 4 Y- Min -0.068

-0.068

0.000 MG/L 0.200

Select Function: _

The abscissa is the concentration and the ordinate is difference of ABS.

Note: The “+” marks indicating the measured points.

Saving a Standard Calibration Curve

After creating a new standard curve, press Clear/Return to return the measurement screen. Then press <2> to save the test.

Measuring the Unknown Sample

After saving the test, press <1> on the keyboard. The prompt “Insert Sample and Press Start to Measure or Return to exit” will appear on the bottom of the screen. Then, insert a sample and press Start. Repeat the procedure for multiple sample measurement. The measurement results will be displayed on the screen.

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3.7 File Manager

Press [5] on the keyboard to enter the File Manager option from Main menu. The File Manager submenu will be displayed on the LCD as shown below.

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File Manager

1 Inside Memory 2 Flash Memory

Select Function: _

You can save and load the test method in both inside memory and flash memory (normally refered as USB). Press relevant numeric key on keypad to select desired memory.

3.7.1 Inside Memory

Test method can be retrieved from the non-volatile memory:

1) Press <1> on the keyboard. Test names and test number will display on the right side of the screen as follow.

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11/10/02 9:47 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

File Manager

File

1Inside Memor

1 F1 UT

2 Flash Memor

2F2 UT

3 F3 UTS 4 F4 UTQ 5 F5 UTQ 6 F6 UT

7 F7 UTS 8 F8 UTS

9 F9 UT

10 F10 UTQ

Select Function: _

1 Open 2 Delete 3 Save to others 4 Rename

2) Select file name by pressing the Up and Down Arrow key from the keyboard.

3) ing function such as open, Delete

save the

3.7.2 Flash Memory

Press <1> key on the keyboard. Test names and test number will display on the

“.UTS” means wavelength scan test, “.UTT” means time scan test, “.UTQ” means photometry or multiple WL test. Press the numeric key to select correspond and so on. Press <1> to open the file and the display will be back the measurement screen before. Press <2> to delete the file. Press <3> to file in the flash memory. Press <4> to change the file name.

right side of the screen as follow.

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11/10/02 9:47 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

File Manager

File

1 Inside Memory 1 F1 UTT 11 2Flash Memory 2 F2 UTT 12

3 F3 UTS 13 4 F4 UTQ 14 5 F5 UTQ 15 6 F6 UTT 16 7 F7 UTS 17

8 F8 UTS 18

9 F9 UTT 19

10 F10 UTQ 20

Select Function: _

1 Open 2 Delete 3 Save to others 4 Rename

imilar to section 3.7.1, selecting test name by pressing the Up and Down

ing

S Arrow key from the keyboard and to select corresponding function by press numeric key. The number of file in flash memory is more than 400, using Left/Right arrow key page up/down. (Note: when using flash memory, PC software can open the files, such as UTT, UTS, UTQ, and also can export th to EXCEL report by PC computer .)

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3.8 Calibration

Press [6] on the keyboard to enter the Calibration mode. The Calibration submenu will be displayed on the LCD as shown below.

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Calibration

1 WL Calibration 2 Set Time 3 La mp Time 4 GLP/GMP

Select Function: _

3.8.1 Calibrating the Wavelength

The entire calibration procedure is automatic and uses the 656.1 nm emission lines from the deuterium lamp. Use the following steps to calibrate the wavelength.

1. Press <1> on the keyboard.

2. Ensure that the cuvette holders are empty and the Sample Compartment is closed. Press Start.

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11/15/02 11:15 600.0 nm 0.854 ABS

Calibration

1 W L Cal ibration 2 Set Tim e

3 Lamp Ti me 4 GLP/GMP

Are you sure to excute?

3.8.2 Set Time

If the time displayed on the LCD screen is incorrect, reset the clock using the following steps.

Press <2> key on the keyboard from the Calibration submenu. Then the time setting submenu appears on the right of the screen as shown below.

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Calibration

1 WL Calibration 1 Minute 15 2Set Time 2Hour 11 3 Lamp Ti me 3 Day 15 4 GLP/GMP 4 Month 11

5 Year 6 Clock ON

7 M/D/

Select Function: _

Display Format

1 Y/M/D 2 M/D/Y 3 D/M/Y

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Dynamica HALO DB-20 Instruction Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual