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deRFusb-13E00 JTAG
User Manual
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dresden elektronik deRFusb-23E00 JTAG, deRFusb-23E06 JTAG, deRFusb-13E00 JTAG, deRFusb-13E06 JTAG User Manual

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User Manual USB Radio Sticks
deRFusb-23E00 deRFusb-23E00 JTAG deRFusb-23E06 deRFusb-23E06 JTAG deRFusb-13E00 deRFusb-13E00 JTAG deRFusb-13E06
deRFusb-13E06 JTAG
Document Version V1.2 2012-07-31
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Table of contents
1. Overview ......................................................................................................................... 6
2. Applications ..................................................................................................................... 7
3. Features .......................................................................................................................... 7
4. Assembling Options ......................................................................................................... 9
4.1. USB stick for 2.4 GHz application ........................................................................... 9
4.2. USB stick for Sub-GHz application ....................................................................... 10
5. Technical data ............................................................................................................... 11
6. Mechanical size ............................................................................................................. 15
7. Application environment ................................................................................................ 16
8. Pin assignment .............................................................................................................. 17
9. On-board transceiver ..................................................................................................... 20
9.1. General transceiver description ............................................................................ 20
9.2. Internal transceiver connection to the MCU .......................................................... 21
10. On-board components and peripherals .......................................................................... 22
10.1. Clock .................................................................................................................. 22
10.2. Programmable LEDs ............................................................................................ 22
10.3. ERASE and VCC pins .......................................................................................... 23
10.4. On-board flash (option) ......................................................................................... 23
10.4.1. Mass Storage Device example ................................ .................... 23
10.5. Coaxial connector ................................ ................................................................ . 26
11. Programming ................................................................................................................. 27
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12. Pre-flashed firmware ..................................................................................................... 27
12.1. No firmware .......................................................................................................... 27
12.2. Wireless UART firmware ...................................................................................... 27
12.2.1. Step-by-Step instructions for Windows ........................................ 28
12.2.2. Step-by-Step instructions for Linux .............................................. 29
13. Radio certification .......................................................................................................... 30
13.1. United States (FCC) ............................................................................................. 30
13.2. European Union (ETSI) ........................................................................................ 31
14. Ordering information ...................................................................................................... 33
15. Revision notes ............................................................................................................... 35
16. References .................................................................................................................... 35
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Document history
Date
Version
Description
2011-06-29
1.0
Initial version
2011-07-01
1.1
Update
- Certification 2.4 GHz USB radio stick, temperature range, radio data
2012-07-16
1.2
Update
- Technical data, mechanical size, programming, certifica­tion information added
- Options overview, application environment, programmable LEDs, clock, pre-flashed firmware, on-board flash, coaxial connector information added
Author / Check / Release
Firm
Division / Name
Author
DE
Div. / APA
Check
DE
Div. / ML
Release
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Abbreviations
Abbreviation
Description
802.15.4
IEEE 802.15.4-standard, applicable to low-rate wireless Personal Area Network
ADC
Analog to Digital Converter
AES
Advanced Encryption Standard
CE
(Applications) - Consumer Electronics
DAC
Digital to Analog Converter
DBGU
Debug Unit
eMMC
embedded Multimedia Card
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
FCC
Federal Communications Commission
GPIO
Generals Purpose Input Output
IC
(Certification) - Industry Canada
ISM
Industrial, Scientific and Medical frequency band
JTAG
Joint Test Action Group
MAC
Medium Access Control
MCU, µC
Microcontroller Unit
MMC
Multimedia Card
MSD
Mass Storage Device
PCB
Printed Circuit Board
PER
Packet Error Rate (measurement)
PWM
Pulse Width Modulation
RF
Radio Frequency
SPI
Serial Peripheral Interface
TRX
Transceiver
TWI
Two-Wire Serial Interface
UART
Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
U.FL
Miniature coaxial RF connector for high-frequency signals
USART
Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
USB
Universal Serial Bus
WPAN
Wireless Personal Area Network
WSN
Wireless Sensor Networks
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1. Overview
The USB radio sticks by dresden elektronik provide access to the world of IEEE 802.15.4™ technology by being the gateway to almost any IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Networks. Such gateways can be used for monitoring, sniffing or control of wireless ZigBee® or 6LoWPAN networks and are easily adoptable to custom applications due to the available free stack software.
The compact designed USB radio sticks deRFusb-23E00 and deRFusb-13E00 contain a powerful CORTEX-M3 microcontroller with 256 kB high-speed flash. Additional 2GB flash memory to store user defined data is provided using the USB radio sticks deRFusb-23E06 and deRFusb-13E06, it is usable as mass storage device.
Depending on the transmission frequency of 2.4 GHz - deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG - or 868/915 MHz - deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG - the ATMEL low-power transceivers AT86RF231 or alternatively AT86RF212 are integrated. They provide a complete radio transceiver inter­face between the antenna and the microcontroller and an extended functional range such as a 128-bit AES hardware engine to ensure data security.
For development the USB radio sticks provide a programming and debugging interface to the user, by default via native USB. For programming via JTAG, the board options deRFusb­23E00 JTAG, deRFusb-23E06 JTAG, deRFusb-13E00 JTAG and deRFusb-13E06 JTAG are advised.
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2. Applications
The main applications for the USB radio sticks deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG and deRFusb­13E00/06/JTAG are:
2.4 GHz and Sub-GHz range IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee Pro ZigBee RF4CE ZigBee IP 6LoWPAN ISA100.11a Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) Industrial and home controlling and monitoring Gateway to other network technologies via PC or laptop
3. Features
The 2.4 GHz USB radio sticks deRFusb-23E00/JTAG and deRFusb-23E06/JTAG offer the following features:
Compact size (in case): 71.0 x 23.0 x 8.7 mm USB powered 3 free programmable status LEDs (red, yellow, green) RF shielding Debugging/programming interfaces: 1 x DBGU and 1 x JTAG with 10-pin connector
assembly option, native USB
On-board transceiver and chip ceramic antenna 2.4 GHz Option: on-board 2 GB flash Certification: FCC certified, conformity ETSI/CE
The block diagram (Figure 1) below shows layout and interaction of the main deRFusb­23E00/06/JTAG components:
Figure 1: Block diagram deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG
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The Sub-GHz USB radio sticks deRFusb-13E00/JTAG and deRFusb-13E06/JTAG offer simi­lar features:
Compact size (in case): 71.0 x 23.0 x 8.7 mm USB powered 3 free programmable status LEDs (red, yellow, green) RF shielding Debugging/programming interfaces: 1 x DBGU and 1 x JTAG with 10-pin connector
assembly option, native USB
On-board transceiver and chip ceramic antenna Sub-GHz Option: on-board 2 GB flash Conformity ETSI/CE
Layout and interaction of the main deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG components is shown in
Figure 2.
Figure 2: Block diagram deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG
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4. Assembling Options
This section gives a short overview of the different available USB stick options and their as­sembly parts.
The basic assembly and design options of the USB radio sticks are:
10-pin connector 2 GB flash
4.1. USB stick for 2.4 GHz application
The 2.4 GHz USB stick is available with an optional 10-pin connector and an optional 2 GB flash memory. In Figure 3 and Figure 4 the deRFusb-23E00 JTAG device is imaged. The RF shielding covers the microcontroller, the transceiver, the quartz crystals and all necessary passive components.
Figure 3: Top view deRFusb-23E00 JTAG
Figure 4: Bottom view deRFusb-23E00 JTAG
2.4 GHz chip ceramic antenna
USB plug type A
RF shielding
three status LEDs
Option: 10-pin connector for JTAG and debug
Option: 2 GB flash memory (not shown in the figure)
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4.2. USB stick for Sub-GHz application
The Sub-GHz USB stick is available with an optional 10-pin connector and an optional 2 GB flash memory. In Figure 5 and Figure 6 the deRFusb-13E00 JTAG device is imaged. The RF shielding covers the microcontroller, the transceiver, the quartz crystals and all necessary passive components.
Figure 5: Top view deRFusb-13E00 JTAG
Figure 6: Bottom view deRFusb-13E00 JTAG
Sub-GHz chip ceramic antenna
USB plug type A
RF shielding
three status LEDs
Option: 10-pin connector for JTAG and debug
Option: 2 GB flash memory (not shown in the fig-
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5. Technical data
Table 1: Mechanical data
Mechanical
Radio module
Size (length x width x height)
71.0 x 23.0 x 8.7 mm (in case)
63.5 x 19.0 x 5.5 mm (without case)
63.5 x 19.0 x 9.5 mm (with JTAG, without case)
Weight
13 g (in case)
Connectors
USB
Plug type A
10-pin connector option ‘JTAG’
2 x 5 pins, 1.27 mm (50 mil) pitch
Table 2: Environment
Temperature and humidity
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Operating temperature range
T
work
-20 +70
°C
Operating humidity range
25 80
% r.H.
Storage temperature range
T
storage
-40 +85
°C
Table 3: Electrical data
Electrical (Supply voltage VUSB = 5.0V)
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Supply voltage
VUSB
4.5
5.0
5.5
V
Current consumption1
I
TXon
(TX_PWR = 0x00)
I
TXoff
I
RXon
51 32 45
mA mA mA
1
valid for deRFusb-23E00 / deRFusb-23E00 JTAG / deRFusb-13E00 / deRFusb-13E00 JTAG, see
Table 5 for current consumption of USB sticks with external flash memory
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Table 4: Quartz crystal properties
Quartz crystal
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
MCU crystal
Frequency
18.432
MHz
Frequency tolerance
+/- 30
ppm
Load capacitance
16
pF
Transceiver crystal
Frequency
16.000
MHz
Frequency tolerance
+/-10
ppm
Load capacitance
9
pF
Table 5: External Flash option
External flash (Supply voltage VUSB = 5.0V)
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Storage size2
2
GB
RW speed
Read/Burst Read Write/Burst Write
908 882 178 192
kB/s kB/s kB/s kB/s
Current consumption3 (while MCU = Idle
and TRX = Off)
Auto Sleep Sleep (CMD5) Read/Burst Read Write/Burst Write
32 32 53 58 87 88
mA mA mA mA mA mA
2
2 GB = 2000 MB = 2.000.000 kB
3
valid for deRFusb-23E06 / deRFusb-23E06 JTAG / deRFusb-13E06 / deRFusb-13E06 JTAG
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Table 6: Radio data of deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG
Radio 2.4 GHz (Supply voltage VUSB = 5.0V)
Parameter / feature
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Antenna
Type
Chip ceramic
Gain
-0.2
+0.5
+0.9
dBi (peak)
Diversity
No
Range4
Line of sight
>200
240
m
Frequency range5
PHY_CC_CCA = 0x0B...0x1A
2405
2480
MHz
Channels
PHY_CC_CCA = 0x0B...0x1A
16
Transmitting power conducted
TX_PWR = 0x00
+2.8
+3.0
+3.6
dBm
Receiver sensitivity
Data Rate = 250kBit/s Data Rate = 500kBit/s Data Rate = 1000kBit/s Data Rate = 2000kBit/s
- 97
-93
-90
-89
dBm dBm dBm dBm
Data rate (gross)
TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x00 TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x01 TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x02 TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x03
250
500 1000 2000
kBit/s kBit/s kBit/s kBit/s
4
Measured while device plugged into laptop standing on a tripod with a height of 1.4 meters above
ground level and PER≤1%
5
Operating the transmitter at channel 26 requires to ensure a duty cycle ≤29%
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Table 7: Radio data of deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG
Radio Sub-GHz (Supply voltage VUSB = 5.0V)
Parameter / feature
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Antenna
Type
Chip ceramic
Gain - 0.7
dBi (peak)
Diversity
No
Range6
Line of sight (915MHz) Line of sight (868MHz)
>100 >200
120 220
m m Frequency range
PHY_CC_CCA = 0x00 PHY_CC_CCA = 0x01...0x0A
906
868.3 924
MHz MHz
Channels
PHY_CC_CCA = 0x00 PHY_CC_CCA = 0x01...0x0A
1
10
Transmitting power conducted
TX_PWR = 0x00 @ 915MHz TX_PWR = 0x00 @ 868MHz
+ 9.0
+ 5.0
dBm dBm
Receiver sensitivity
Data Rate = 20kBit/s Data Rate = 40kBit/s Data Rate = 250kBit/s
-106
-104
-97
dBm dBm dBm
Data rate (gross)
TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x00 TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x08 TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x09 TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x2A
20 100 200 400
kBit/s kBit/s kBit/s kBit/s
TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x04 TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x0C TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x0D TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x2E
40 250 500
1000
kBit/s kBit/s kBit/s kBit/s
6
Measured while device plugged into laptop standing on a tripod with a height of 1.4 meters above
ground level and PER≤1%
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6. Mechanical size
The outer PCB dimensions are the same and not depending on the different USB board op­tions, for details refer to Table 1. The example shown in Figure 7 is the deRFusb-13E00 / deRFusb-13E06 radio stick; placed in the case the mechanical size is 71.0 x 23.0 x 8.7 mm (L x W x H).
All dimensions are in millimeters.
Figure 7: Mechanical dimension top view
The 10-pin connector dimension is shown in Figure 8 as part X2; the displayed antenna type is the 2.4 GHz USB stick one.
Figure 8: Mechanical dimension side view
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7. Application environment
The USB sticks are designed to connect an IEEE 802.15.4 network with the PC and laptop environment. Today there are different variants of USB ports on laptop and PC devices. The USB stick dimension is optimized to plug other USB devices in adjacent ports especially in horizontal or vertical designed USB hubs.
Generally, the radiation pattern of RF devices depends on the placement and the application environment. The test measurement and certification process was done with a plugged USB stick on the side of an USB port of a laptop while the display was open. It is recommended to plug the USB stick sideways at an USB port of a laptop, if applicable. The use of application setups like USB hubs or USB extension cables may result in a lower transmit and receive range.
The USB stick can only be directly plugged into type A ports; into a laptop, PC or hub.
Figure 9: Laptop USB port type A
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8. Pin assignment
The USB stick has a type A USB plug and an optional 10-pin connector in 1.27 mm pitch for programming via JTAG interface and tracing via UART. This connector is directly accessible from the USB stick bottom side, see Figure 10. The internal and external signal connection to the MCU and transceiver is shown in Table 8. The external available signals are described in Table 9.
1
10
2
9
1.27 mm (50 mil) pitch
Figure 10: Pin assignment of optional 10-pin connector
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Table 8: Pin assignment of deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG and deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG
µC Pin
Signal name
Function
Comments
USB connector
56
DDM
USB DM
57
DDP
USB DP
10-pin connector (only available with option ‘JTAG’)
53
PB7/TCK/SWCLK
JTAG TCK
Connector pin 1
-
GND
Connector pin 2
49
PB5/TWCK1/PWML0/WKUP13/TDO
JTAG TDO
Connector pin 3
-
VCC
Connector pin 4
51
PB6/TMS/SWDIO
JTAG TMS
Connector pin 5
39
NRST
/Reset
Connector pin 6
-
VCC
Connector pin 7
30
PA9/URXD0/NPCS1/PWMFI0
Debug RXD
Connector pin 8
33
PB4/TWD1/PWMH2/TDI
JTAG TDI
Connector pin 9
29
PA10/UTXD0/NPCS2
Debug TXD
Connector pin 10
Miscellaneous
13
PA19/RK/PWML0/A15/AD2
LED1
red
9
PA17/TD/PCK1/PWMH3/AD0
LED2
yellow
10
PA18/RD/PCK2/A14/AD1
LED3
green
35
PA5/RXD0/NPCS3
Hardware ID1
34
PA6/TXD0/PCK0
Hardware ID2
32
PA7/RTS0/PWMH3/XIN32
Hardware ID3
2 GB flash memory (only available with option ‘06’)
42
MCDA0
ext. Flash Data 0
52
MCDA1
ext. Flash Data 1
26
MCDA2
ext. Flash Data 2
37
MCDA3
ext. Flash Data 3
38
MCCDA
ext. Flash Command
41
MCCK
ext. Flash Clock
Erase pin
55
PB12/PWML1/ERASE
See Section 11
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Table 9: Signal description list
Signal name
Function
Type
Active level
Comments
Power - USB connector
DDM
USB Full Speed Data –
Analog Digital
DDP
USB Full Speed Data +
JTAG
TCK
Test Clock
Input
On-board Pull-up
TDI
Test Data In
Input
On-board Pull-up
TDO
Test Data Out
Output
TDM
Test Mode Select
Input
On-board Pull-up
Reset
RSTN
Microcontroller Reset
I/O
Low
Pull-Up resistor
UART0
URXD0
UART Receive Data
Input
UTXD0
UART Transmit Data
Output
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9. On-board transceiver
The main difference between the deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG and the deRFusb­13E00/06/JTAG USB radio sticks is the built-in 2.4 GHz or alternatively Sub-GHz transceiver in combination with the appropriate on-board chip antenna. The signal connection between MCU and transceiver is shown in Table 8.
deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG - AT86RF231 transceiver
The low-power 2.4 GHz transceiver is designed for industrial and consumer IEEE 802.15.4, ZigBee, RF4CE, ISA100.11a and high data rate ISM applications. For details refer to [1] in the reference section.
deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG - AT86RF212 transceiver
The low-power, low-voltage 800/900MHz transceiver is designed for low-cost IEEE 802.15.4, ZigBee and high data rate ISM applications available Europe and North America. For details refer to [2].
9.1. General transceiver description
These single-chip radio transceivers provide a complete radio transceiver interface between an antenna and a microcontroller.
They comprise the analog radio transceiver and the digital modulation and demodulation in­cluding time and frequency synchronization and data buffering. The number of external com­ponents is minimized such that only the antenna, the crystal and decoupling capacitors are required. The bidirectional differential antenna pins are used for transmission and reception, thus no external antenna switch is needed.
An internal 128 byte RAM for RX and TX buffers the data to be transmitted or the received data. Two on chip low dropout voltage regulators provide the internal analog and digital 1.8 V supply.
The transceivers further contain comprehensive hardware-MAC support (Extended Operat­ing Mode) and a security engine (AES) to improve the overall system power efficiency and timing.
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9.2. Internal transceiver connection to the MCU
The internal circuitry between MCU and transceiver is described in Table 10.
Table 10: Transceiver connection
µC Pin
TRX Pin
Signal name
Function
Comments
Internal transceiver interface
20
10
PA15/TF/TIOA1/PWML3
RXTS/DIG2
1. Antenna Diversity RF switch control
2. RX Frame Time Stamping
11
11
PA21/RXD1/PCK1/AD8
SLP-TR
Controls sleep, transmit start, re­ceive states
21
19
PA14/SPCK/PWMH3
SCK
SPI Serial Clock
27
20
PA12/MISO/PWMH1
MISO
Master In / Slave Out
22
22
PA13/MOSI/PWMH2
MOSI
Master Out / Slave In
28
23
PA11/NPCS0/PWMH0
SELN
SPI Select
47
24
PA1/PWMH1/TIOB0/A18
IRQ
1. Interrupt request signal
2. Frame Buffer Empty Indicator
23 8 PA24/RTS1/PWMH1/A20
RST
Transceiver Reset
36
17
PA4/TWCK0/TCLK0
CLKM
Master clock signal output, internal lowpass filter assembled
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10. On-board components and peripherals
This section describes the important on-board peripherals: Clock, status LEDs as well as memory and access options to the board.
10.1. Clock
The USB sticks contain an external on-board 18.432 MHz 30 ppm quartz crystal for the MCU and a 16.000MHz 10ppm quartz crystal for the transceiver. For optimum RF timing charac­teristics it is necessary to use a low tolerance crystal. The crystal assignment on the PCB is shown in Table 11.
Table 11: Crystal assignment
µC Pin
TRX Pin
Signal name
Function
Comments
Clock
61 - PB8/XOUT
18.432MHz quartz crystal
MCU crystal 62 - PB9/XIN
-
26
XTAL1
16.000MHz quartz crystal
Transceiver crystal
-
25
XTAL2
10.2. Programmable LEDs
The USB sticks are assembled with three colored LEDs which are free programmable. Fig­ure 11 shows the red, yellow and green status LEDs. They are located on the bottom side of the PCB. The internal connection between MCU and LED is listed in
Table 12.
green, yellow, red LED
Figure 11: ERASE pins and status LEDs
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Table 12: Internal connection of LEDs
µC Pin
Signal name
Function
Comments
LEDs
13
PA19
LED1
red 9 PA17
LED2
yellow
10
PA18
LED3
green
10.3. ERASE and VCC pins
The ERASE pin (see Figure 11) is used to reinitialize the MCU flash content - and some of its NVM (Non-Volatile Memory) bits - to an erased state. The flash is transferred to its original state. For more details please refer to [3].
To perform a flash erase operation the pin has to be tied high longer than 220 ms while the USB stick is connected to the PC.
Notes: By electrically connecting the two test points ERASE and VCC the internal
MCU flash memory will be deleted. The firmware as originally available in the
board’s delivery condition (see Section 12.2) will be destroyed. Caution: the USB sticks have the MAC address pre-flashed into the on chip
Flash during the production process. Erasing the flash via the ERASE method will also erase this pre-flashed information which some firmware may require for proper operation. Please make sure your firmware will not be affected by the ERASE method before using it. If you erased the pre-flashed information accidentally please read the ‘User Manual deRFusb Firmware Update‘ [3] to recreate the MAC address infor­mation.
Work carefully when handling the board! The moisture of your fingers’ skin may be sufficient under certain conditions to destroy the internal flash content.
10.4. On-board flash (option)
A 2 GB flash memory (iNand SDIN5D2-2G by Sandisk) to store user defined data is optional­ly available using the deRFusb-23E06/JTAG and deRFusb-13E06/JTAG USB radio sticks.
This flash memory is typically applied as mass storage device (MSD) for user data. It works like a Multimedia Card (MMC). Possible data bit modes are 1bit and 4bit.
The flash is equipped with a memory controller and has a NAND flash architecture. It com­plies with eMMC Specification Version 4.4.
The technical data of the assembled flash is listed in Table 5.
10.4.1. Mass Storage Device example
An example to use the flash as Mass Storage Device in Windows® can be found on the dresden elektronik webpage getting started documentation in section 'Native Examples’. The steps how to use the USB stick flash as MSD are described here. Currently the examples can only be run with the devices deRFusb-23E06 and deRFusb-13E06.
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1. Following the programming instructions in Section 11 and flash the device with the ‘deRF_MSD’ native example.
2. Plug in your device into PC or laptop.
3. A new hard disk drive will appear, see Figure 12.
Figure 12: new HDD
4. The MSD should be formatted for proper work. Choose the FAT32 file system and, if necessary, a new volume name (Figure 13). The option ‘fast formatting’ is useful.
Figure 13: Formatting the MSD
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5. Now the MSD will be displayed correctly with its volume name and the storage size (Figure 14).
Figure 14: MSD with volume name and storage size
6. The MSD is ready for work. Data can be stored on the MSD.
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10.5. Coaxial connector
The USB sticks have a footprint for assembling a coaxial connector to connect the device with an external antenna or for spectral measurements.
Attention: A coaxial connector is only applicable for test and measurement.
CE conformity and FCC certification become invalid!
At first the couple capacitor has to be removed and placed to the shared footprint. It is possi­ble to use the removed one. If a new capacitor is required use 22 pF package 04027 for
2.4 GHz applications and 100 pF package 0402 for Sub-GHz. Then place a 10 kOhms 0402 resistor on the appropriate footprint next to coaxial connector. At last place a U.FL coaxial connector, like U.FL-R-SMT-1(01) by Hirose. All soldering actions can be done by hand. The use of a forceps and a microscope are maybe useful.
Remove
capacitor
Place
capacitor
Place
resistor
Place
U.FL
Figure 15: Footprint for U.FL coaxial connector
7
Package 0402 (1005 metric) = 1.0 x 0.5 mm
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11. Programming
The programming procedures are described in the documentation ‘User Manual deRFusb Firmware Update’ [3], which is available as PDF document on dresden elektronik webpage.
It describes step-by-step the update process of the USB sticks, the required software and hardware for programming via USB or JTAG and the driver installation on different operating systems.
12. Pre-flashed firmware
The USB sticks are available with different pre-flashed firmware depending on the hardware configuration. A colored marker is placed on the PCB for differentiation of the delivered firm­ware.
12.1. No firmware
These USB sticks have a red marker and will be delivered within a plastic enclosure. A cus­tom firmware can be flashed via USB interface. See Section 11 for more details.
12.2. Wireless UART firmware
USB sticks with pre-flashed wireless UART firmware have a light green marker and will be delivered with an attached plastic enclosure. Working with the wireless UART requires a ter­minal program like HyperTerminal or any other. The Wireless UART application example is described in Section 12.3.1 for Windows and Section 12.3.2 for Linux.
12.3. JTAG analyzer firmware (deRFusb-23E00 JTAG)
red marker
green marker
blue marker
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The analyzer version of the deRFusb23E00 JTAG USB radio stick is optimally matched for Perytons’ professional network and protocol analysis software.
With the valid 30-day Trial licence you can monitor network structures as well as observe data flows and runtime performance in detail without additional effort. Especially during the development phase this protocol analysis software will serve as an essential and valuable tool. Compared to other analyzer tools the dresden elektronik USB radio stick facilitates syn­chronous sniffing of all 16 channels. The analyzer is operating with an accuracy of 1µs.
All three Perytons’ software versions are supported for the 802.15.4 radio range:
Version
Description
Number of required USB sticks
Peryton-S
Single-channel analyzer
1
Peryton-D
Like S with antenna diversity
2
Peryton-M
Multi-channel analyzer
Channels + 1
12.3.1. Step-by-Step instructions for Windows
1. Plug in two USB sticks with pre-flashed wireless UART firmware into your PC(s) and/or laptop(s).
2. If you connect first time to a PC, you will be asked to install the driver for the USB de­vice. The USB drivers are available on dresden elektronik homepage. Refer to the products web shop site.
3. The Windows device manager tells you which virtual COM port (serial port) is as­signed to each USB stick.
4. If you know both COM ports, then open two terminal program sessions.
5. On each terminal session you have to set up the corresponding COM port. Baud rate, data bits, parity and stop bit settings are unimportant.
6. If all is set up correctly, simply type any character into one terminal window and you can see this character on the other terminal window (this also runs vice versa).
7. The character is received by the USB stick and transferred wireless to the other USB stick, that sends the received character to the own terminal program, see Figure 16.
Figure 16: Wireless UART terminal session
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12.3.2. Step-by-Step instructions for Linux
In order to use the serial USB port of deRFusb products with Linux the following steps have to be carried out. The user is either required to have root privileges or use sudo.
1. Use the following commands to unload the relevant kernel modules: rmmod usbserial
2. Create and open the file /etc/modprobe.d/dresden_elektronik.conf. If the directory
/etc/modprobe.d/ doesn't exist edit the file /etc/modprobe.conf or /etc/modprobe.conf.local instead.
Currently it is not possible to have multiple device types running at the same time. The limit is one device for ftdi_sio and one for usbserial module. All devices will be included in the mainline kernel and lift this limitation. The applicable kernel version is not yet known.
Add the following lines to the file:
#deRFusb23E00 #options usbserial vendor=0x1cf1 product=0x001a #deRFusb13E00 #options usbserial vendor=0x1cf1 product=0x001b #deRFusb13E06 #options usbserial vendor=0x1cf1 product=0x0027 #deRFusb23E06 #options usbserial vendor=0x1cf1 product=0x0025
3. Uncomment the options line for your device. This is also valid for USB sticks with JTAG connector. Example for a deRFusb:
#deRFusb23E00 options usbserial vendor=0x1cf1 product=0x001a
4. Reload the kernel modules unloaded in Step 1 modprobe usbserial
5. After connecting the device to PC or laptop USB port a new device should appear in the directory /dev. The device name is either /dev/ttyUSBx or /dev/ACMx there x is a number from 0-9.
6. Open two terminal program sessions for the devices.
7. If all is set up correctly, simply type any character into one terminal and you can see this character on the other terminal (this also works vice versa).
8. The character is received by the USB stick and transferred over air to the other USB stick, who sends the received character to the own terminal program.
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13. Radio certification
13.1. United States (FCC)
The deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG and deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG USB radio sticks comply with the requirements of FCC part 15 B and part 15 C.
The FCC certification for deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG is pending. To fulfill FCC Certification requirements, an OEM manufacturer must comply with the follow-
ing regulations: The modular transmitter must be labeled with its own FCC ID number, and, if the FCC ID is
not visible when the module is installed inside another device, the outside of the device into which the module is installed must also display a label referring to the enclosed module.
This exterior label can use wording such as the following. Any similar wording that expresses the same meaning may be used.
Sample label for USB radio stick deRFusb-23E00, deRFusb-23E06, deRFusb-23E00 JTAG and deRFusb-23E06 JTAG:
FCC-ID: XVV-ARM323E00
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must ac­cept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Note: The deRFusb-23E00 JTAG, deRFusb-23E06 and deRFusb-23E06 JTAG USB radio
sticks fulfill a Permissive Change Class 1 regarding to FCC Section 2.1043 and com­plies with the requirements of FCC part 15.
The Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that the OEM modular transmitter is labeled with its own FCC ID number. This includes a clearly visible label on the outside of the final product enclosure that displays the contents shown below. If the FCC ID is not visi­ble when the equipment is installed inside another device, the outside of the device into which the equipment is installed must also display a label referring to the enclosed equip­ment.
This equipment complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation (FCC 15.19). The internal / external antenna(s) used for this mobile transmitter must provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or oper­ate in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
Installers must be provided with antenna installation instructions and transmitter operating conditions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. This device is approved as a mobile de­vice with respect to RF exposure compliance, and may only be marketed to OEM installers. Use in portable exposure conditions (FCC 2.1093) requires separate equipment authoriza­tion.
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Modifications not expressly approved by this company could void the user's authority to op­erate this equipment (FCC section 15.21).
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital de­vice, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equip­ment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be deter­mined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the inter­ference by one or more of the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the re-
ceiver is connected
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help
Channel 26 issue
The built in transceiver AT86RF231 has an issue considering the transmitted power in the last channel 26. Because of the restricted band in United States that starts at 2483.5 MHz the limit for spurious emissions are stricter. The best solution to fulfill the FCC requirements is to set a maximum duty cycle of 29% for channel 26. This value is related to a 100ms peri­od, which means that the transceiver can transmit 29ms within a period of 100ms. This leads to a correction factor according to ANSI C63.10-2009 (clause 4.4) that decrease the meas­ured transmit value below the limit and to provide a FCC conform application.
13.2. European Union (ETSI)
The deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG and deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG USB radio sticks have been tested compliant for use in the European Union countries according to EN300328-V1.7.1 and EN301489-1-V1.8.1.
If the deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG and deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG USB radio sticks are incorpo­rated into a product, the manufacturer must ensure compliance of the final product to the Eu­ropean harmonized EMC and low-voltage/safety standards. A Declaration of Conformity must be issued for each of these standards and kept on file as described in Annex II of the R&TTE Directive.
The manufacturer must maintain a copy of the deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG and deRFusb­13E00/06/JTAG USB radio sticks documentation and ensure the final product does not ex­ceed the specified power ratings, antenna specifications, and/or installation requirements as specified in the user manual. If any of these specifications are exceeded in the final product, a submission must be made to a notified body for compliance testing to all required stand­ards.
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The “CE“ marking must be affixed to a visible location on the OEM product. The CE mark
shall consist of the initials "CE" taking the following form:
If the CE marking is reduced or enlarged, the proportions given in the above graduat-
ed drawing must be respected.
The CE marking must have a height of at least 5mm except where this is not possible
on account of the nature of the apparatus.
The CE marking must be affixed visibly, legibly, and indelibly.
More detailed information about CE marking requirements you can find at "DIRECTIVE 1999/5/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL" on 9 March 1999 at section 12.
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14. Ordering information
The product name includes the following information:
deRF xxxx - x x x xx x
Revision Features Size Flash Memory Frequency Range Product / Chipset
Table 13: Product name code
Product name code
Information
Code
Explanation
Comments
Product / Chipset
usb
USB radio stick
Frequency range 1
868/915 MHz
2
2.4 GHz
Flash memory
3
256 kB
Size
E
USB stick
Features
00
chip antenna
On-board
06
chip antenna, 2 GB flash
On-board
00 JTAG
chip antenna 10-pin connector
JTAG + DEBUG
06 JTAG
chip antenna, 2 GB flash 10-pin connector
JTAG + DEBUG
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Table 14: Ordering information
Ordering information
Part number
Product name
Comments
BN-031805
deRFusb-23E00 NO FW
USB radio stick for 2.4 GHz delivered with a fitting case no pre-flashed firmware
BN-033202
deRFusb-23E00 JTAG WUART FW
USB radio stick for 2.4 GHz with assembled JTAG connector pre-flashed with Wireless UART firmware
BN-031075
deRFusb-23E06 NO FW
USB radio stick for 2.4 GHz with 2 GB flash delivered with a fitting case no pre-flashed firmware
BN-033203
deRFusb-23E06 JTAG WUART FW
USB radio stick for 2.4 GHz with 2 GB flash with assembled JTAG connector pre-flashed with Wireless UART firmware
BN-031807
deRFusb-13E00 NO FW
USB radio stick for Sub-GHz delivered with a fitting case no pre-flashed firmware
BN-033206
deRFusb-13E00 JTAG WUART FW
USB radio stick for Sub-GHz with assembled JTAG connector pre-flashed with Wireless UART firmware
BN-031539
deRFusb-13E06 NO FW
USB radio stick for Sub-GHz with 2 GB flash delivered with a fitting case no pre-flashed firmware
BN-033207
deRFusb-13E06 JTAG WUART FW
USB radio stick for Sub-GHz with 2 GB flash with assembled JTAG connector pre-flashed with Wireless UART firmware
BN-028337
SAM-ICE-Adapter
program and debug interface adapter for USB radio sticks
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15. Revision notes
Although the boards provide a CLKM connection from the radio transceiver to the micro con­troller, this connection is rarely used by any firmware. From performance measurements on the 2.4 GHz USB sticks deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG this CLKM connection has a slight influ­ence on the packet error rate in channel 26 resulting in less range and a higher packet error rate in general on this channel. Therefore we strongly recommend all users to check their firmware settings and ensure that the CLKM signal from the transceiver will be disabled in all situations.
Up to now no other technical problems, malfunctions or critical issues are not known for the deRFusb-23E00/06/JTAG and deRFusb-13E00/06/JTAG USB radio sticks.
16. References
[1] AT86RF212-ZU: AVR Low Power 700/800/900 MHz Transceiver for IEEE802.15.4-
2006, IEEE802.15.4-2009, ZigBee, 6LoWPAN, and ISM Applications; Datasheet; 8186-MCU Wireless-02/10
[2] AT86RF231-ZU: AVR Low Power 2.4 GHz Transceiver for ZigBee, IEEE802.15.4,
6LoWPAN, RF4CE, SP100, WirelessHART, and ISM Applications; Datasheet; 8111C-MCU Wireless-09/09
[3] User Manual deRFusb Firmware Update, Version 1.3; 06/2012, http://www.dresden-
elektronik.de
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dresden elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh Enno-Heidebroek-Straße 12 01237 Dresden GERMANY
Tel. +49 351 - 31850 0 Fax +49 351 - 31850 10 www.dresden-elektronik.de E-mail wireless@dresden-elektronik.de
Trademarks and acknowledgements
• ZigBee
®
is a registered trademark of the ZigBee Alliance.
• 802.15.4™ is a trademark of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). These trademarks are registered by their respective owners in certain countries only. Other
brands and their products are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective hold­ers and should be noted as such.
Disclaimer
This note is provided as-is and is subject to change without notice. Except to the extent pro­hibited by law, dresden elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh makes no express or implied war­ranty of any kind with regard to this guide, and specifically disclaims the implied warranties and conditions of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. dresden elektronik in­genieurtechnik gmbh shall not be liable for any errors or incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing, performance or use of this guide.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose other than the purchaser’s personal use, without the written permission of dres­den elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh.
Copyright © 2012, dresden elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh. All rights reserved.
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