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LDDS75 LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual 1 / 30
LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
Document Version: 1.4
Image Version: v1.1.4
Version
Description
Date
1.0
Release
2020-Jun-09
1.1
Add mechanical drawing, Add UART Connection for different hardware
2020-Nov-5
1.2
Update Beam Map
2020-Dec-28
1.3
Update Battery Option
2021-Mar-17
1.4
Update to use TTN v3, update to firmware v1.1.4
2021-May-13
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1. Introduction 4
1.1 What is LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor 4
1.2 Features 5
1.3 Specification 5
1.3.1 Rated environmental conditions 5
1.3.2 Effective measurement range Reference beam pattern 6
1.4 Applications 6
1.5 Pin mapping and power on 7
2. Configure LDDS75 to connect to LoRaWAN network 8
2.1 How it works 8
2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) 9
2.3 Uplink Payload 15
2.3.1 Battery Info 15
2.3.2 Distance 15
2.3.3 Interrupt Pin 15
2.3.4 DS18B20 Temperature sensor 16
2.3.5 Sensor Flag 16
2.3.6 Decode payload in The Things Network 16
2.4 Uplink Interval 16
2.5 Show Data in Datacake IoT Server 17
2.6 Frequency Plans 20
2.6.1 EU863-870 (EU868) 20
2.6.2 US902-928(US915) 20
2.6.3 CN470-510 (CN470) 20
2.6.4 AU915-928(AU915) 21
2.6.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) 21
2.6.6 KR920-923 (KR920) 22
2.6.7 IN865-867 (IN865) 22
2.7 LED Indicator 22
2.8 Firmware Change Log 23
2.9 Mechanical 23
2.10 Battery Analysis 23
2.10.1 Battery Type 23
2.10.2 Replace the battery 24
3. Configure LDDS75 via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink 25
3.1 Access AT Commands 25
3.2 Set Transmit Interval Time 26
3.3 Set Interrupt Mode 28
4. FAQ 29
4.1 What is the frequency plan for LDDS75? 29
4.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? 29
5. Trouble Shooting 29
5.1 Why I can’t join TTN V3 in US915 / AU915 bands? 29
5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work 29
6. Order Info 30
7. Packing Info 30
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8. Support 30
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1. Introduction
1.1 What is LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor
The Dragino LDDS75 is a LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor for Internet of Things solution.
It is used to measure the distance between the sensor and a flat object. The distance
detection sensor is a module that uses ultrasonic sensing technology for distance
measurement, and temperature compensation is performed internally to improve the
reliability of data. The LDDS75 can be applied to scenarios such as horizontal distance
measurement, liquid level measurement, parking management system, object proximity and
presence detection, intelligent trash can management system, robot obstacle avoidance,
automatic control, sewer, bottom water level monitoring, etc.
It detects the distance between the measured object and the sensor, and uploads the value
via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
The LoRa wireless technology used in LDDS75 allows device to send data and reach
extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum
communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
LDDS75 is powered by 4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery; It is designed for long term
use up to 10 years*.
Each LDDS75 pre-loads with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these
keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect if there is network coverage, after
power on.
*Actually lifetime depends on network coverage and uplink interval and other factors
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1.2 Features
LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
Ultra low power consumption
Distance Detection by Ultrasonic technology
Flat object range 280mm - 7500mm
Accuracy: ±(1cm+S*0.3%) (S: Distance)
Cable Length : 25cm
Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
AT Commands to change parameters
Uplink on periodically
Downlink to change configure
IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
1.3 Specification
1.3.1 Rated environmental conditions
Item
Minimum value
Typical value
Maximum value
Unit
Remarks
Storage
temperature
-25
25
80 ℃
Storage
humidity
65%
90%
RH
(1)
Operating
temperature
-15
25
60 ℃
Working
humidity
65%
80%
RH
(1)
Remarks: (1) a. When the ambient temperature is 0-39 ℃, the maximum humidity is 90%
(non-condensing)
b. When the ambient temperature is 40-50 ℃, the highest humidity is the
highest humidity in the natural world at the current temperature (no
condensation)
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1.3.2 Effective measurement range Reference beam pattern
(1) The tested object is a white cylindrical tube made of PVC, with a height of 100cm and a
diameter of 7.5cm.
(2) The object to be tested is a "corrugated cardboard box" perpendicular to the central axis
of 0 °, and the length * width is 60cm * 50cm.
1.4 Applications
Horizontal distance measurement
Liquid level measurement
Parking management system
Object proximity and presence detection
Intelligent trash can management system
Robot obstacle avoidance
Automatic control
Sewer
Bottom water level monitoring
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1.5 Pin mapping and power on
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2. Configure LDDS75 to connect to LoRaWAN network
2.1 How it works
The LDDS75 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to
join LoRaWAN network. To connect a LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys
in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LDDS75. If there is coverage of the LoRaWAN
network, it will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the
keys from the server, you can use AT Commands to set the keys in the LDDS75.
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2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA)
Following is an example for how to join the TTN V3 LoRaWAN Network. Below is the
network structure; we use the LG308 as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
The LG308 is already set to connected to TTN V3 network , so what we need to now is
configure the TTN V3 server.
Step 1: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from LDDS75.
Each LDDS75 is shipped with a sticker with the default device keys, user can find this sticker
in the box. it looks like below.
For OTAA registration, we need to set APP EUI/ APP KEY/ DEV EUI. Some server might no
need to set APP EUI.
Enter these keys in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:
Add APP EUI in the application
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You can also choose to create the device manually.
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Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
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Step 2: Power on LDDS75
Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The switch must be set in FLASH position).
Step 3: The LDDS75 will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to
upload messages to TTN V3 and you can see the messages in the panel.
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2.3 Uplink Payload
LDDS75 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
Uplink payload includes in total 4 bytes.
Payload for firmware version v1.1.4. . Before v1.1.3, there is on two fields: BAT and Distance
2.3.1 Battery Info
Check the battery voltage for LDDS75.
Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
2.3.2 Distance
Get the distance. Flat object range 280mm - 7500mm.
For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x0B 0x05, the distance between the
sensor and the measured object is
0B05(H) = 2821 (D) = 2821 mm.
➢ If the sensor value is 0x0000, it means system doesn’t detect ultrasonic sensor.
➢ If the sensor value lower than 0x0118 (280mm), the sensor value will be invalid. Since
v1.1.4, all value lower than 280mm will be set to 0x0014(20mm) which means the value
is invalid.
2.3.3 Interrupt Pin
This data field shows if this packet is generated by interrupt or not. Click here for the hardware
and software set up.
Example:
0x00: Normal uplink packet.
0x01: Interrupt Uplink Packet.
Size(bytes)
2 2 1 2 1
Value
BAT
Distance
(unit: mm)
Digital Interrupt
(Optional)
Temperature
( Optional )
Sensor Flag
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2.3.4 DS18B20 Temperature sensor
This is optional, user can connect external DS18B20 sensor to the +3.3v, 1-wire and GND pin .
and this field will report temperature.
Example:
If payload is: 0105H: (0105 & FC00 == 0), temp = 0105H /10 = 26.1 degree
If payload is: FF3FH : (FF3F & FC00 == 1) , temp = (FF3FH - 65536)/10 = -19.3 degrees.
2.3.5 Sensor Flag
0x01: Detect Ultrasonic Sensor
0x00: No Ultrasonic Sensor
2.3.6 Decode payload in The Things Network
While using TTN V3 network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
The payload decoder function for TTN V3 is here:
LDDS75 TTN V3 Payload Decoder:
http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LDDS75/Payload_Dec
oder/
2.4 Uplink Interval
The LDDS75 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this
interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link:
http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Comm
ands#Change_Uplink_Interval
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2.5 Show Data in Datacake IoT Server
Datacake provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in
TTN V3, we can use Datacake to connect to TTN V3 and see the data in Datacake. Below are
the steps:
Step 1: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at
this time.
Step 2: To configure the Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add
integration. To add the Datacake integration, perform the following steps:
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Step 3: Create an account or log in Datacake.
Step 4: Search the LDDS75 and add DevEUI.
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After added, the sensor data arrive TTN V3, it will also arrive and show in Datacake.
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2.6 Frequency Plans
The LDDS75 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with
different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
2.6.1 EU863-870 (EU868)
Uplink:
868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
868.8 - FSK
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
2.6.2 US902-928(US915)
Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
Uplink:
903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
Downlink:
923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
2.6.3 CN470-510 (CN470)
Used in China, Default use CHE=1
Uplink:
486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Downlink:
506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
2.6.4 AU915-928(AU915)
Default use CHE=2
Uplink:
916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Downlink:
923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
2.6.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923)
Default Uplink channel:
923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
Additional Uplink Channel:
(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
AS920~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore:
922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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AS923 ~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand,
Vietnam:
923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
2.6.6 KR920-923 (KR920)
Default channel:
922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
2.6.7 IN865-867 (IN865)
Uplink:
865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
2.7 LED Indicator
The LDDS75 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
➢ Blink once when device power on.
➢ The device detects the sensor and flashes 5 times.
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➢ Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
➢ Blink once when device transmit a packet.
2.8 Firmware Change Log
Firmware download link:
http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/
Firmware Upgrade Method:
http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Firmware_Upgrade_Instruction_for_STM32_base_
products#Introduction
2.9 Mechanical
2.10 Battery Analysis
2.10.1 Battery Type
The LDDS75 battery is a combination of a 4000mAh or 8500mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a
Super Capacitor. The battery is non-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2%
per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
The battery related documents as below:
● Battery Dimension,
● Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet, Tech Spec
● Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet, Tech Spec
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2.10.2 Replace the battery
You can change the battery in the LDDS75.The type of battery is not limited as long as the
output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery
and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1
and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main
board.
The default battery pack of LDDS75 includes a ER18505 plus super capacitor. If user can’t
find this pack locally, they can find ER18505 or equivalence, which will also work in most
case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5
minutes)
JST-XH-2P
connector
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3. Configure LDDS75 via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink
User can configure LDDS75 via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.
➢ AT Command Connection: See FAQ.
➢ LoRaWAN Downlink instruction for different platforms:
http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Use_Note_for_Server
There are two kinds of commands to configure LDDS75, they are:
➢ General Commands.
These commands are to configure:
✓ General system settings like: uplink interval.
✓ LoRaWAN protocol & radio related command.
They are same for all Dragino Device which support DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack. These
commands can be found on the wiki:
http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_Downlink_Command
➢ Commands special design for LDDS75
These commands only valid for LDDS75, as below:
3.1 Access AT Commands
LDDS75 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter
to connect to LDDS75 for using AT command, as below.
Or if you have below board, use below connection:
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In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to 9600 to access the serial console for
LDDS75. LDDS75 will output system info once power on as below:
3.2 Set Transmit Interval Time
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Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.
AT Command: AT+TDC
Command Example
Function
Response
AT+TDC=?
Show current transmit Interval
30000
OK
the interval is 30000ms = 30s
AT+TDC=60000
Set Transmit Interval
OK
Set transmit interval to 60000ms
= 60 seconds
Downlink Command: 0x01
Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.
If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s Transmit Interval to
0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
➢ Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E // Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds
➢ Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C // Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds
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3.3 Set Interrupt Mode
Feature, Set Interrupt mode for GPIO_EXIT.
AT Command: AT+INTMOD
Command Example
Function
Response
AT+INTMOD=?
Show current interrupt mode
0
OK
the mode is 0 = No interruption
AT+INTMOD=2
Set Transmit Interval
0- (Disable Interrupt),
1- (Trigger by rising and falling
edge),
2- (Trigger by falling edge)
3- (Trigger by rising edge)
OK
Set transmit interval to 60000ms
= 60 seconds
Downlink Command: 0x06
Format: Command Code (0x06) followed by 3 bytes.
This means that the interrupt mode of the end node is set to 0x000003=3 (rising edge
trigger), and the type code is 06.
➢ Example 1: Downlink Payload: 06000000 // Turn off interrupt mode
➢ Example 2: Downlink Payload: 06000003 // Set the interrupt mode to rising edge trigger
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4. FAQ
4.1 What is the frequency plan for LDDS75?
LDDS75 use the same frequency as other Dragino products. User can see the detail from this
link:
http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_Frequency_Band#Introduction
4.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region?
You can follow the instructions for how to upgrade image.
When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download.
5. Trouble Shooting
5.1 Why I can’t join TTN V3 in US915 / AU915 bands?
It is due to channel mapping. Please see below link:
http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=LoRaWAN_Communication_Debug#Notice_of_US9
15.2FCN470.2FAU915_Frequency_band
5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work
In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check
if you already include the ENTER while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t
send ENTER while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
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6. Order Info
Part Number: LDDS75-XX-YY
XX: The default frequency band
● AS923: LoRaWAN AS923 band
● AU915: LoRaWAN AU915 band
● EU433: LoRaWAN EU433 band
● EU868: LoRaWAN EU868 band
● KR920: LoRaWAN KR920 band
● US915: LoRaWAN US915 band
● IN865: LoRaWAN IN865 band
● CN470: LoRaWAN CN470 band
YY: Battery Option
● 4: 4000mAh battery
● 8: 8500mAh battery
7. Packing Info
Package Includes:
➢ LDDS75 LoRaWAN Distance Detection x 1
Dimension and weight:
➢ Device Size: cm
➢ Device Weight: g
➢ Package Size / pcs : cm
➢ Weight / pcs : g
8. Support
● Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different
timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as
soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
● Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models,
accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to
support@dragino.com
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