Dolphin STM 429J User Manual

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

Patent protected:

WO98/36395, DE 100 25 561, DE 101 50 128, WO 2004/051591, DE 103 01 678 A1, DE 10309334, WO 04/109236, WO 05/096482, WO 02/095707, US 6,747,573, US 7,019,241

Observe precautions! Electrostatic sensitive devices!

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

REVISION HISTORY

The following major modifications and improvements have been made to the first version of this document:

No

Major Changes

1.0

Initial version

1.1

Added marking and STM 425J.

1.2

Editorial corrections.

1.3

Changed PCB / System Drawings – STM 425J and STM 429J. Added radio certificate.

1.31

Changed helical antenna picture

2.0

Update of revision with consolidation and small corrections.

Published by EnOcean GmbH, Kolpingring 18a, 82041 Oberhaching, Germany www.enocean.com, info@enocean.com, phone ++49 (89) 6734 6890

Important!

This information describes the type of component and shall not be considered as assured characteristics. No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions or inaccuracies. Circuitry and specifications are subject to change without notice. For the latest product specifications, refer to the EnOcean website: http://www.enocean.com. As far as patents or other rights of third parties are concerned, liability is only assumed for modules, not for the described applications, processes and circuits. EnOcean does not assume responsibility for use of modules described and limits its liability to the replacement of modules determined to be defective due to workmanship. Devices or systems containing RF components must meet the essential requirements of the local legal authorities. The modules must not be used in any relation with equipment that supports, directly or indirectly, human health or life or with applications that can result in danger for people, animals or real value. Components of the modules are considered and should be disposed of as hazardous waste. Local government regulations are to be observed. Packing: Please use the recycling operators known to you.

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

TABLE OF CONTENT

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................. 4

1.1 Basic functionality ......................................................................................... 4

1.2 Technical data ............................................................................................... 4

1.3 Physical dimensions ....................................................................................... 5

1.4 References ................................................................................................... 7

1.5 Environmental conditions ............................................................................... 7

1.6 Ordering Information ..................................................................................... 7

2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ............................................................................ 8

2.1 Block diagram ............................................................................................... 8

2.2 Radio telegram .............................................................................................. 8

2.3 Secure radio telegram .................................................................................... 8

2.3.1 Switching between modes .......................................................................... 8

2.3.2 Encrypted communication – enhanced security mode ..................................... 9

2.3.3 Security Teach-In – enhanced security mode ................................................ 9

2.3.3.1 PSK Security Teach-in - optional ......................................................... 10

2.4 Transmit timing ........................................................................................... 10

2.5 Energy consumption .................................................................................... 11

3 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION ....................................................................... 12

3.1 Antenna Details ........................................................................................... 12

3.2 Transmission range ..................................................................................... 13

3.3 Connecting an external backup battery .......................................................... 13

3.4 Mounting 429J into a housing ........................................................................ 14

3.5 PSK Labelling .............................................................................................. 15

3.5.1 Included Information: .............................................................................. 15

3.5.2 QR-Code Specification .............................................................................. 15

4 AGENCY CERTIFICATIONS ............................................................................ 16

5 Label Information ........................................................................................ 17

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

1.1 Basic functionality

The radio transmitter modules and 429J from EnOcean enable the implementation of a wireless magnet contact sensor. Powered by a solar cell, it works absolutely maintenance-free. An integrated energy store allows operation for several days even in total darkness. Key applications are window and door sensors. STM 429J supervise an integrated reed contact and report every status change immediately (open <> closed). In addition a sign of life signal is transmitted every 20-30 minutes. A LRN button and a TX indicator LED are pre-installed on the PCB. On STM 429J they are oriented upwards. When the LRN button is pressed then a special teach-in signal will be sent. STM 429J operate at 928.35MHz using FSK modulation. STM 429J in enhanced mode provides enhanced security features with encrypted communication.

Features with built-in firmware

 Pre-installed solar cell  On-board energy storage and charging circuit  On-board LRN button (operated from above on STM 429J)  On-board TX indicator LED (pointing upwards on STM 429J)  On-board reed contact

1.2 Technical data

Antenna

Pre-installed helical antenna installed

Frequency

928.35MHz

Data rate/Modulation type

125 kbps / FSK

Radiated Output Power

Typ. 0dBm

Power Supply

Pre-installed solar cell

Illumination 50-100000 lux

Initial operation time in darkness @ 25°C

typ. 6 days, min 90 hours

if energy storage fully charged

transmission of telegram every 25 min on average

1

Operation start up time with empty energy store

typ. 2.5 min @ 400 lux / 25°C

incandescent or fluorescent light

Reed contact

1x internal, Meder MK23-90-BV14496 or MK01-I

Radio Regulations

ARIB STD-T108

Security Level Format

24-bit RLC, No RLC tx, 4-byte CMAC, VAES encryption

1

Full performance of the PAS614L energy storage is achieved after several days of operation (up to two weeks) at good illumination level. Performance degrades over life time, especially if energy storage is exposed to higher temperatures. Each 10 K drop in temperature doubles the expected life span.

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

1.3 Physical dimensions

PCB drawing STM 429J

PCB dimensions 43±0.2 x 16±0.3 x 1±0.1 mm

Module height 6 mm

Weight 5.2 g

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STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

System drawing STM 429J

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

1.4 References

[1] Security of EnOcean Radio Networks - http://www.enocean.com/en/security-

specification/

[2] Dolphin V4 Core Description - http://www.enocean.com/dolphin-v4-core-

description/

[3] Dolphin V4 API - http://www.enocean.com/en/enocean-software/ [4] AN509 Explanation of EnOcean security in applications -

http://www.enocean.com/en/application-notes/

[5] AN510 Adding Security to EnOcean Receivers -

http://www.enocean.com/en/application-notes/

[6] AN511 Advanced security in self-powered wireless applications -

http://www.enocean.com/en/application-notes/

[7] Microchip EEPROM Memory - www.microchip.com/serialeeprom/ [8] EnOcean Equipment Profiles - http://www.enocean-alliance.org/eep/

1.5 Environmental conditions

Operating temperature -20 °C … +60 °C

Storage temperature -20 °C … +60 °C, recommended2: +10 °C…+30 °C, <60%r.h.

Shelf life (in absolute darkness) 36 months after delivery3

Humidity 0% … 93% r.h., non-condensing

1.6 Ordering Information

Type

Ordering Code

STM 429J

S3061-D429

2

Recommended for maximum life of energy storage capacitor

3

Deep discharge of the PAS614L energy storage leads to degradation of performance. Therefore products have to be taken into operation after 36 months. At least the PAS614L needs to be recharged to 2.1 V.

The module shall not be placed on conductive materials, to prevent discharge of the internal energy storages3. Even materials such as conductive foam (ESD protection) may have negative impact.

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

2.1 Block diagram

A change of the reed contact status or pushing the LRN button will wake the transmitter unit to send a radio telegram immediately (reed contact position, LRN push button status, unique 32-bit sensor ID (at profile teach-in 48 bit ID), checksum). In addition a redundant retransmission signal is sent to announce the contact status even in case of no input signal changes. This signal transmitted every 20-30 min, affected at random. The transmit indicator LED flashes briefly at every radio transmission. Between the wake-up phases, the device is in sleep mode for minimum power consumption.

2.2 Radio telegram

429J transmits a radio telegram according to EnOcean Equipment Profile EEP D5-00-01 as defined in the EnOcean Equipment Profiles specification.

2.3 Secure radio telegram

The STM 429J can be operated in:

 Standard mode – no enhanced security is used. This is the common operation mode,

originally available. This is also the default factory mode.

 Security mode – communication is protected by enhanced security features. This

mode was added later in module evolution.

2.3.1 Switching between modes

STM 429J can be switched from normal mode to secure mode and vice versa by long press of the LRN Button (Wake 1).

The behaviour of the LRN button is following:

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

1. Button is pressed – LED flashes briefly Teach-in is performed according to the actual

mode.

2. Button is hold a. If released in period < 10 seconds then actual mode is kept. No further ac-

tion.

b. If hold for at least 10 seconds then the actual mode is changed (standard ->

secure or secure -> standard). LED flashes briefly. Teach-in is performed according to the actual (new) mode.

3. Button is released – no action.

Upon entry into secure mode, a secure teach-in telegram is sent by STM 429J.

Mode change features can be suppressed by configuration flag. If flag set module will not enter secure mode after long press, but stay in standard mode. By default mode change feature is enabled.

Before changing the operating mode please make sure to clear the device from all receivers which have been taught to work with this device before. Otherwise the receiver will ignore the telegrams and the application will not work.

The flag for actual mode itself is stored in non-volatile memory. After power down reset the previous selected mode is active. Therefore mode change is limited to 50 times. In normal application scenario only very few are required.

The factory delivery mode of the STM 429J is standard – not encrypted. This mode is common mode originally available. Secure mode was added in later product upgrades.

The mode change feature can be suppressed by a configuration parameter. By default mode change is enabled.

2.3.2 Encrypted communication – enhanced security mode

In Enhanced mode the data link (DL) content is always protected with advanced security features. Normal operation DL and also Teach-in DL are protected in the same way. The security features used are configured by the Security Level format - SLF. This parameter is set by default to the highest possible level:

 24-bit RLC,  No RLC tx,  4-byte CMAC,  VAES encryption

To add security features to the communication the Normal operation DL and Teach-in DL are encapsulated into a secured telegram. The data content of the telegram is not changed. Please refer to the EnOcean Security Specification for details.

2.3.3 Security Teach-In – enhanced security mode

To enable security communication the STM 429J has to send a security teach-in telegram to the other communication partner and so inform him about the used security profile, keys and initial RLC. The security teach-in has to take place before any other communication can be executed (profile teach-in included). To trigger the transmission of the teach-in telegram LRN button is pressed. The security teach-in telegram is transmitted before the profile

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

teach-in. The following profile teach-in telegram is already protected by advanced security features.

The process of sending security teach-in telegram and profile teach-in telegram is triggered by once pressing the LRN button.

The behaviour of the LRN button in enhanced mode is following:

1. Button is pressed

2. Security teach-in is send.

3. Profile teach-in is send.

2.3.3.1 PSK Security Teach-in - optional

The Security Teach-in telegram carries the information of KEY and RLC. This information is either sent as plain text (as is) or it is protected by the pre-shared key - PSK. The PSK must be in printed on the transmitting device. To use PSK teach-in, the PSK must be read by the end-user and entered into the other communication partner. For this purpose the EnOcean radio interface cannot be used. The PSK can be entered trough a user interface or semi-automated by a code reader.

For details on the PSK Teach-in please refer to the EnOcean Security Speification.

PSK feature is disabled by default. To enable PSK feature the execute configuration in Dolphin Suite.

2.4 Transmit timing

The setup of the transmission timing allows avoiding possible collisions with data packages of other EnOcean transmitters as well as disturbances from the environment. With each transmission cycle, 3 identical subtelegrams are transmitted within 25 ms. The transmission of a subtelegram lasts approximately 1 ms. The delay between the three transmission bursts is affected at random.

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

2.5 Energy consumption

Charge needed for one measurement and transmit cycle: ~80 µC Charge needed for one measurement cycle without transmit: ~10 µC

Calculations are performed on the basis of electric charges because of the internal linear voltage regulator of the module. Energy consumption varies with voltage of the energy storage while consumption of electric charge is constant.

From these values the following typical performance parameters at room temperature have been calculated:

Wake and

transmit cycle [s]

Operation Time in darkness

[h] when storage fully

charged

Required reload time [h] at 200 lux

within 24 h for continuous operation

1500

175

1.8

Assumptions:

 Internal storage PAS614L-VL3 (after several days of operation at good illumination

level) with 0.25 F, Umax=3.2 V, Umin=2.3 V, T=25 °C

 Consumption: Transmit cycle 80 µC, measurement cycle 10 µC  Pre-installed solar cell ECS 300, operating values 3 V and 5 µA @ 200 lux fluorescent

light

 Current proportional to illumination level (not true at very low levels!)

These values are calculated, the accuracy is about +/-20%! The performance varies over temperature and may be strongly reduced at extreme temperatures.

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

3 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION

3.1 Antenna Details

Antenna location recommendation

429J without host PCB 429J with host PCB

Host PCB

GND plane

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

3.2 Transmission range

The main factors that influence the system transmission range are type and location of the antennas of the receiver and the transmitter, type of terrain and degree of obstruction of

the link path, sources of interference affecting the receiver, and “Dead” spots caused by

signal reflections from nearby conductive objects. Since the expected transmission range strongly depends on this system conditions, range tests should categorically be performed before notification of a particular range that will be attainable by a certain application.

The following figures for expected transmission range are considered as a rough guide only:

 Line-of-sight connections: Typically 30 m range in corridors, up to 100 m in halls  Plasterboard walls / dry wood: Typically 30 m range, through max. 5 walls  Ferroconcrete walls / ceilings: Typically 10 m range, through max. 1 ceiling  Fire-safety walls, elevator shafts, staircases and supply areas should be considered as

screening.

The angle at which the transmitted signal hits the wall is very important. The effective wall thickness – and with it the signal attenuation – varies according to this angle. Signals should be transmitted as directly as possible through the wall. Wall niches should be avoided. Other factors restricting transmission range:

 Switch mounted on metal surfaces (up to 30% loss of transmission range)  Hollow lightweight walls filled with insulating wool on metal foil  False ceilings with panels of metal or carbon fiber  Lead glass or glass with metal coating, steel furniture

The distance between EnOcean receivers and other transmitting devices such as computers, audio and video equipment that also emit high-frequency signals should be at least

0.5 m.

A summarized application note to determine the transmission range within buildings is available as download from www.enocean.com.

3.3 Connecting an external backup battery

In case there is not sufficient light available for operation with solar cell an external 3 V Lithium backup battery can be connected to the module at the soldering pads shown below:

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

3.4 Mounting 429J into a housing

The figure below shows an example of a housing in which the module can be mounted (with antenna pointing to the left). Design data of the housing and the modules is available in .igs format.

To prevent damage, please make sure not to exert shear force (side force within the plane of the solar cell) onto the solar cell or the module itself! The maximum vertical force onto the solar cell must not exceed 4 N and should be homogeneously distributed! Bending of the PCB must be avoided!

Please make sure that the housing covers 0.5 mm at the solar cell edges. Within 0.5 mm off the edge flaking is possible due to the cutting process.

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STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

3.5 PSK Labelling

For the PSK information a specific QR code is placed on the module itself.

Information of the QR code:

3.5.1 Included Information:

[ID:XXXXXXXX KY:YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY]

ID: 3 CHARS XX 8 CHARS FREESPACE 1 CHARS KY: 3 CHARS YY 32 CHARS

= 47 CHARS

3.5.2 QR-Code Specification

QR-Code Version: 3 (29x29 pixel) Error Correction Level: Q (25% error correction) Mode: Alphanumeric Mode Character Capacity: 47

Keep off area around the code: 2 Pixel (Up, Down, Left and Right) Pixel Size: min. 4x4 points per Pixel

600dpi x 600dpi Resolution:

1 Print Point: 0.0423mm x 0.0423mm 1 Pixel: 0.1693mm x 0.1693mm

USER MANUAL

STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

4 AGENCY CERTIFICATIONS

STM 429J have been designed and tested to fulfil the approval requirements for ARIB STDT108 based on the built-in firmware.

When the product is placed on the Japanese market, it must carry the Specified Radio Equipment marking as shown below:

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STM 429J – Scavenger Transmitter Module

5 Label Information

1. Product name - „STM 429J“

2. Step Code „xy“

3. Date Code “KW/YY”: e.g. 15/13

4. Status „D431-z“: e.g 1

5. DMC

6. ARIB Marking, radius 3mm

7. ARIB Marking with number (003-130160)

Dolphin STM 429J User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual