Dolby Laboratories DM100 User Manual

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DM100 Bitstream Analyzer

Volume

V Ref

V Ref

DolbyDolbyPCM

Digital E

Enter

Esc

Error

Power

Status

Mon

Setup

Gen

Shift

LCD

P1 P2

P3

P4

Bitstream Analyzer

Model DM100Model DM100

RS-232

Mon

Gen

Esc

Power

Setup

Up/Down Buttons

Hold for two seconds to
turn DM100 on or off

Shift [LCD]

Momentarily enables or
disables LCD backlight

Shift [P1-P4]

Selects user-assigned custom
presets

Status

Switches display to top-level
status menu; shows details of
input or output bitstream

Resets internal settings to
quickly allow monitoring of
input bitstreams. Does not
change output mode.

Turns on generator, and displays
bitstream select menu; pressing
again generates next bitstream
in list

Switches display to
top-level setup menu;
use to set DM100 options

Moves display up one level
in menu tree, or aborts
current operation

Scroll through status or
setup menu trees; changes
settings

Enter

Moves down one level in
current menu item, or selects
currently displayed option;
also used to switch bottom
line of LCD between graphic
or numeric display from certain
status menu items

Volume Buttons

Control level of speaker
or headphone output (speaker
is disabled when headphone
is used)

LEDs

Error

PCM, Dolby Digital,
Dolby E

V Ref

Flashing Red: Low battery

Flashing Red:
Red:

Error counter changed

Error condition
See Error Stats menu, Section 3.2.8
for these functions

Green: Receiving indicated input
signal

Green:

Off:

Flashing Green:

A valid video reference
input signal is present, and unit
is in a mode that requires it

Current mode does not require

a video reference

Current mode requires
a video reference and it is invalid or
not present

Interface
Connector

For test bitstream uploads,
data logging, and firmware
upgrades

Flashing Green:

Flashing Green:

(equal on/off)
Decode Format setting does
not match the input

(long on)
AES3 channel status is being modified
in Passthrough Mode. See Section 4.3.

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual

i

Dolby Laboratories, Inc.

Corporate Headquarters

Dolby Laboratories, Inc.

100 Potrero Avenue
San Francisco, CA 94103-4813
Telephone [phone]
Fax [phone]

www.dolby.com

European Headquarters

Dolby Laboratories, Inc.

Wootton Bassett
Wiltshire, SN4 8QJ, England
Telephone [phone]
Fax [phone]

Dolby and the double-D symbol are registered trademarks of Dolby Laboratories. Surround EX is a
trademark of Dolby Laboratories. Toslink is a trademark of Toshiba Corporation. Windows is a
registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks remain the property of their
respective owners.
 2003 Dolby Laboratories Inc. All rights reserved.
S03/13416/14616 Issue 2 Part No. 91751

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual

iii

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 About the DM100..................................................1-1

Chapter 2 Getting Started

2.1 Power..................................................................... 2-1

Battery Installation.....................................2-1

[Power] Button........................................... 2-2

Battery Low LED....................................... 2-2

Auto-Power Off.......................................... 2-2

2.2 Rear Belt Clip/Stand..............................................2-3

2.3 Inputs .....................................................................2-4

Dolby Digital.............................................. 2-4

Dolby E ...................................................... 2-4

PCM ........................................................... 2-4

Other...........................................................2-4

Video.......................................................... 2-4

2.4 Outputs ..................................................................2-5

Headphone Output .....................................2-5

Speaker Output........................................... 2-5

2.5 Hookup .................................................................. 2-6

2.6 Quick Start.............................................................2-7

Making Your First Reading .......................2-7

Generating a Bitstream............................... 2-7

2.7 Advanced Features ................................................2-8

Measuring the Latency of Equipment ........2-8

Measuring Audio/Video Frequency Drift .. 2-8

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual

iv

Chapter 3 Operation: Status Mode

3.1 Main Status Screen................................................ 3-1

Dolby

E .....................................................3-2

Dolby Digital ............................................. 3-3

PCM ........................................................... 3-3

NULL Data ................................................ 3-4

Pause Data.................................................. 3-4

Data Type X............................................... 3-4

3.2 The Status Menus .................................................. 3-5

3.2.1 Dolby E Metadata Input Menu...................3-6

Px Prog Desc.............................................. 3-7

Px Dialogue Lev ........................................ 3-7

Px Channel Mode....................................... 3-8

Px LFE Channel......................................... 3-8

Px Bitstrm Mode........................................ 3-8

Px Line Mode Pro ...................................... 3-9

Px RF Mode Pro......................................... 3-9

Px RF Ov Protect ....................................... 3-9

Px Center Dwnmx...................................... 3-10

Px Srnd Dwnmx......................................... 3-10

Px Dolby Srnd............................................ 3-10

Px Mixing Level ........................................3-11

Px Room Type ........................................... 3-11

Px Copyright .............................................. 3-11

Px Orig Bitstrm..........................................3-11

Px Extnd Bitstrm........................................ 3-12

Px DC Filter ............................................... 3-13

Px Lowpass Filt.......................................... 3-13

Px LFE Filter.............................................. 3-13

Px Srnd 3dB Attn ....................................... 3-13

Px Srnd Ph Shift......................................... 3-13

Px Begin Gain............................................3-13

Px End Gain ............................................... 3-13

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual

v

3.2.2 Dolby Digital Metadata Input Menu.......... 3-14

DD Dialogue Lev .......................................3-15

DD Channel Mode ..................................... 3-15

DD LFE Channel .......................................3-15

DD Data Rate .............................................3-16

DD Bitstrm Mode....................................... 3-16

DD Line Mode Pro.....................................3-17

DD RF Mode Pro ....................................... 3-17

DD Center Dwnmx ....................................3-17

DD Srnd Dwnmx .......................................3-18

DD Dolby Srnd ..........................................3-18

DD Mixing Level .......................................3-18

DD Room Type.......................................... 3-19

DD Copyright.............................................3-19

DD Orig Bitstrm.........................................3-19

DD Extnd Bitstrm ......................................3-20

DD Dual Mono MD ................................... 3-21

DD Format .................................................3-22

DD Sample Rate......................................... 3-22

DD Bitstream ID ........................................ 3-22

DD Stream #............................................... 3-23

3.2.3 AES3 Status Menu..................................... 3-24

3.2.4 Input Level Menu.......................................3-26

3.2.5 Generator Status Display............................3-27

3.2.6 Video Reference Status Display.................3-28

3.2.7 Timecode Status Display............................3-29

3.2.8 Error Stats Menu ........................................3-30

3.2.9 DM100 Firmware Version .........................3-31

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual

vi

Chapter 4 Operation: Setup Mode

Introduction ................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Monitor Control..................................................... 4-2

4.2 Gen Control ........................................................... 4-4

4.3 AES3 Output ......................................................... 4-6

4.4 User Presets ........................................................... 4-8

4.5 I/O Control ............................................................ 4-9

4.6 System Settings ..................................................... 4-10

Chapter 5 Reference Information

5.1 Data Transfer......................................................... 5-1

Test Bitstream Loading.............................. 5-1

Data Logging .............................................5-1

Firmware Upgrade ..................................... 5-2

Data Transfer Error Messages.................... 5-2

5.2 Unit Reset.............................................................. 5-3

Restore Default Settings ............................ 5-3

Hardware Reset.......................................... 5-3

5.3 Connector Pinout Information............................... 5-4

5.3.1 RS-232 Serial Port ..................................... 5-4

5.3.2 XLR Connectors ........................................ 5-4

5.3.3 Headphone Connector................................ 5-4

5.4 DM100 Specifications........................................... 5-5

5.5 System Block Diagram.......................................... 5-2

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual

1-1

Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1 About the DM100

The Dolby® DM100 is a hand-held diagnostic tool that can
monitor or generate Dolby Digital, Dolby E, and PCM
bitstreams. The unit allows audio systems integrators and service
engineers to quickly test the integrity and composition of these
signals throughout a facility. The DM100 is intended for use in
broadcast, cable, DBS, and postproduction facilities, as well as
DVD mastering and home theater installation.

The DM100 accepts input signals via XLR, BNC, and Toslink

™

connectors. The unit identifies the format of the input signal and
activates the appropriate built-in decoder. The decoded analog
signal, sent to a standard 1/8-inch stereo headphone jack, can be
switched to monitor any two decoded channels, while a small
built-in speaker can monitor the sum of any channel pair. A
front-panel LCD displays Dolby Digital and Dolby E metadata
information. Six front-panel LEDs indicate critical bitstream and
system status information.

A set of Dolby Digital, Dolby E, and PCM test bitstreams is
stored in internal, nonvolatile RAM, and can be changed in the
field via software download. The selected test bitstream is
produced simultaneously on all output connectors. The unit can
receive and decode an input signal while simultaneously
generating a test bitstream. The DM100 also features a pass­through mode that allows modification of the input signal’s AES
channel status bits before passing the signal to the output
connectors. (The input signal can be monitored simultaneously.)

The DM100 also includes system level tests, such as latency
measurements, and the ability to check the clock
synchronization between audio and video signals.

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual

2-1

Chapter 2

Getting Started

2.1 Power

The DM100 is powered by four standard AA 1.5 V batteries or
from an external 6V, 800 mA DC power supply via the power
input connector. The internal batteries are disconnected when
the external DC power supply is used.

Battery Installation

Push the cover in
the direction shown
to slide it out.

Insert four AA
batteries,
alternating the
positive and
negative terminals,
and replace the
cover.

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual Getting Started

2-2

Dead Battery…

[Power] Button

To turn on the DM100, press and hold the [Power] button down
for two seconds. The display reads as shown for approximately
one second while a self-test diagnostic runs.

The power-on process ends with the DM100 operating in the
last-used state. If the diagnostic test fails, the Error LED lights
and an error message is displayed.

To turn off the DM100, press [Power] again. The display reads
“Power Off” and the unit shuts off.

Note: Any changes made to the system settings may be lost if the unit is

powered off by unplugging the external power supply, unless batteries
are installed.

Battery Low LED

The front-panel battery LED flashes when the
batteries are nearly discharged. If the battery
voltage drops below a usable level, the
DM100 display reads “Dead Battery” and the
unit shuts off.

Auto-Power Off

When the DM100 is powered from batteries (external power
supply not connected), the unit can be set to turn itself off after a
selectable number of minutes with no user activity (5, 10, 15, or
30 minutes). This feature can be disabled. The factory default
setting is 15 minutes.

The wait time is set from the Setup menu under System Settings,
Power Management. See Section 4.6 for more information.

Model DM100

Unit Name

Power Off…

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual Getting Started

2-3

External DC Power Supply

When powered from the external power supply, the Power
Management setting is ignored and the unit remains switched on.
The LCD backlight and keypad backlights are also enabled,
overriding the LCD Backlight setting. See Section 4.6 for more
information.

2.2 Rear Belt Clip/Stand

The pull-out clip on the rear of the DM100 can be used as a
handy belt clip or a stand. Raise the clip by following these two
steps:

1. Lift to release

2. Pull up

2

1

2

1

1 LIFT TO UNLATCHLIFT TO UNLATCH

2 PULL OUTPULL OUT

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual Getting Started

2-4

2.3 Inputs

Each input connector (XLR, BNC, or Toslink™) is active when
specifically selected, or, if the input selection is set to autodetect,
the first input with a valid AES3 signal becomes the active
input. See Section 4.5 for setting the input select function. See
the specifications in Section 5.4 for details on supported sample
rates, impedances, and more.

The digital input format can be Dolby

®

Digital, Dolby E, or

PCM.

Dolby Digital

The DM100 accepts 16- and 32-bit Dolby Digital bitstreams. It
also accepts AES3 data that contains multiple Dolby Digital
bitstreams (i.e., one 16-bit mode bitstream in each AES3
channel).

Dolby E

The DM100 accepts 16-, 20-, and 24-bit Dolby E bitstreams at
NTSC (29.97 fps), PAL (25 fps), 23.98 fps, 24 fps, and 30 fps
rates.

PCM

If the input signal does not contain a header indicating that a pre­encoded bitstream is being received, the DM100 assumes the
input signal is PCM audio.

Other

The DM100 also accepts non-audio data over AES3. In this
case, the LCD indicates that data is being received and the audio
output mutes.

Video

The unit can use an analog composite NTSC or PAL black burst
reference video signal for signal generation, via the Ref Video
RCA connector. The input is internally terminated at 75Ω.

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual Getting Started

2-5

2.4 Outputs

The XLR and BNC output connectors are always active. The
Toslink connector is enabled when it is selected.

The digital output signal can be:

Pass-through Dolby Digital, Dolby E, or PCM.

The output clock is locked to the digital input.

Or

An internally generated Dolby Digital, Dolby E, or PCM test
bitstream.

The output clock can be locked to an internal 48 kHz clock, a digital input
signal, or to 48 kHz derived from the video reference input. See Section 4.5
for more information.

Headphone Output

The headphone output is used to monitor the decoded
Dolby Digital, Dolby E, or PCM signal. Front-panel buttons
adjust the headphone volume.

Speaker Output

The speaker output is used to monitor the decoded Dolby
Digital, Dolby E, or PCM signal when headphones are not being
used. The signal is a mono version of the headphone output.
Front-panel buttons adjust the speaker volume.

Note: When listening to Dolby Digital bitstreams on the speaker output, RF

Mode compression is always applied, regardless of the
DD Compression setting in the Monitor Control Setup menu.
See Section 4.1 for more information.

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual Getting Started

2-6

2.5 Hookup

Figure 2-1 shows the locations for connecting components to the
DM100.

Figure 2-1 Connections

Note: References to the front-panel buttons are shown using brackets

throughout this manual (e.g., “[Status]”). References to multiple-button
combinations mean sequences, not simultaneous button presses. Press
the first button, release, and then press the next button.

Power Adapter

Part Numbers: 54065 USA

54066 UK
54067 Europe
54068 Australia

RCA F to BNC M

Part Number 70218

Ref Video In
BNC F to RCA M

Part Number 70217

Toslink Cable

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual Getting Started

2-7

2.6 Quick Start

The DM100 is designed to be easy and intuitive to use. Follow
these simple procedures to begin taking your first readings and
generating your first test streams.

Making Your First Reading

1. Turn on the unit by pressing [Power].

2. Connect the input signal to the appropriate connector.

3. Press [Mon]. This resets all the internal monitoring setup

functions to the defaults.

The LEDs should display the signal type received, and the
display shows information about the incoming signal. If you
cannot see this information, press [Status], then use [Enter],
[Esc], and the [Up/Down] buttons to navigate through the status
menus to view information about the incoming signal. See
Section 3.2 for additional information.

Adjust the audio level with the dedicated [Volume] buttons.

Generating a Bitstream

1. Press [Gen] once. This turns the generator on and outputs a

PCM test signal.

2. To select other test streams, continue to press [Gen].

Different clock sources can be used for the generator; these can
be selected in the Gen Clock Source menu:
Setup / I/O Control / Gen Clock Source
See Section 4.5 for more information.

To read the current status of the generator, press [Status] and
navigate using the [Down] button until Generator Enter to
View is displayed. Press [Enter] to see the current settings. See
Section 3.2.5 for more information.

You can even connect the output of the DM100 to the input.
Doing this allows you to listen to the test stream and view all of
the streams’ settings.

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual Getting Started

2-8

2.7 Advanced Features

Measuring the Latency of Equipment

The DM100 can be used to measure the latency of other audio
equipment. At user-defined intervals, the DM100 generates a
short burst of white noise, then measures the time taken for the
signal to return.

Set the DM100 to measure latency by following these steps:

1. Go to the Gen Control / Output Mode setup menu, and

select Latency Test (see Section 4.2).

2. Connect the Digital Out from the DM100 to the

equipment to be measured.

3. Connect the output of the equipment to be measured to

the DM100’s Digital Input.

Different clock sources used for the generator can be set in the
I/O Control / Gen Clock Source setup menu (see Section 4.5).
The time interval between the noise bursts can be set in the
Gen Control / Noise Burst Rate setup menu (see Section 4.2).

To read the measured latency, press [Status] and navigate using
the [Down] button until Generator ENTER to View is
displayed. Press [Enter] to display the measured latency in either
AES samples or milliseconds (see Section 3.2.5).

Measuring Audio/Video Frequency Drift

The DM100 determines if an AES digital audio or reference
signal is frequency-locked to a video black burst reference
signal. The unit locks to the video reference, then measures the
frequency difference between the Digital In input and the video
reference.

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual Getting Started

2-9

Set the unit to measure frequency drift as follows:

1. Go to the Gen Control / Output Mode setup menu, and

select A/V Freq Drift (see Section 4.2).

2. Connect a 29.97 or 25 fps video reference to DM100’s

V Ref input.

3. Connect the test AES signal to the DM100’s Digital In.

Read the measured frequency drift between the AES and video
signals by pressing [Status] and then navigating using the
[Down] button until Generator / Enter to View is displayed.
Press [Enter] to read the measured frequency drift (see
Section 3.2.5). The display indicates frequency difference in
AES samples: a positive number indicates the AES input signal
is faster than the video reference. Therefore, if the two signals
are locked, the display will read “0 samples.” Pressing [Enter]
resets the counter.

Modifying the Pass Through Output Signal

The DM100 can be used to repair improperly authored audio
streams. When in Pass Through mode, the DM100 can modify
channel status bits in the first and third bytes of the AES3 signal.
In addition, the output audio channels can be skewed or swapped
to correct improper channel alignment (see Section 4.5).

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual

3-1

Chapter 3

Operation: Status Mode

After power-on, the DM100 defaults to Status mode, with the
top-level main status screen displayed. Status mode is used for
displaying, monitoring, and analyzing the input bitstream.

Note: References to the front-panel buttons are shown using brackets

throughout this manual (e.g., “[Status]”). References to multiple-button
combinations mean sequences, not simultaneous button presses. Press
the first button, release, and then press the next button.

3.1 Main Status Screen

The main status screen is the top level of the status menu tree. It
displays one of the following possible combinations of
information. The display shown below gives a typical example:

The following pages describe the information displayed on the
second line for each type of input data.

Dolby Digital B

3/2L 448kbps

Active Input Connector

A

Set to Autodetect

B

Set to BNC

X

Set to XLR

O

Set to Optical

Input Data Type
Dolby E

Valid Dolby E bitstream

Dolby Digital

Valid 32-bit Dolby Digital
bitstream

DD/PCM

Valid 16-bit Dolby Digital
packed in Left channel

PCM/DD

Valid 16-bit Dolby Digital
packed in Right channel

DD/DD

Two valid Dolby Digital
bitstreams

PCM

Valid PCM bitstream

NULL data

NULL data type bitstream

Pause data

Pause data type bitstream

Data Type X

Other data type bitstream

No Input

No incoming bitstream

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual Operation: Status Mode

3-2

Dolby E

When the incoming bitstream is Dolby

®

E, the following

information will be displayed:

Dolby E B

5.1+2 24bit

16bit

Bit Depth

20bit
24bit

Program Configuration

5.1+2

5.1+2x1
4+4
4+2x2
4+2+2x1
4+4x1
4x2
3x2+2x1
2x2+4x1
2+6x1
8x1

5.1
4+2
4+2x1
3x2
2x2+2x1
2+4x1
6x1
4
2+2
2+2x1
4x1

7.1

7.1scrn

Invalid Dolby E program

configuration

*******

Dolby® DM100 User’s Manual Operation: Status Mode

3-3

Dolby Digital

When the incoming bitstream is Dolby Digital, the following
information will be displayed:

PCM

When the incoming bitstream is PCM, and the DM100 has
locked to it, the following information will be displayed:

56kbps
64kbps
80kbps
96kbps
112kbps
128kbps
160kbps
192kbps
224kbps
256kbps
320kbps
384kbps
448kbps
512kbps
576kbps
640kbps

“L”means the LFE–
enabled bit is set in the
bitstream

Dolby Digital B

3/2L 448kbps

1+1
1/0
2/0
3/0
2/1
3/1
2/2
3/2
3/0L
2/1L
3/1L
2/2L
3/2L

PCM B

44.1 kHz

48 kHz

44.1 kHz
32 kHz

Unknown Rate