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Gate
Retrigger
Output
A-140
ADSR
Attack
Decay
System A - 100
1. Introduction
Module A-140 (ADSR) is an envelope generator,
and, since it puts out control voltages, counts as one
of the modulation devices in a modular system.
As soon as the gate input receives sufficient voltage,
the ADSR generates a variable voltage, changing in
time, called an envelope. This varying voltage is
output in normal (positive) and inverted form, and can
be used, eg., for voltage controlled modulation of a
VCO, VCF, or VCA, or for processing other modules’
inputs and outputs.
ADSR A-140
Output
Inverse
Output
ADSR
Control
Sustain
Release
Time
Range
The shape of the envelope is governed by four parameters: Attack, Decay, Sustain and Release (see Fig.
1 on page 3).
The envelope is started (triggered) by a gate signal
either from the INT.GATE voltage on the system bus,
or, if a signal is put into it, from the gate input socket.
The envelope can also be re-triggered, ie. start from
scratch again, each time a trigger signal is sensed at
the Retrig. input socket, when the gate is still open
(see Fig. 2 on page 5).
1
A-140
ADSR
System A - 100
doepfer
2. ADSR overview
A-140
ENVELOPE GEN.
Gate
➊
Retrig.
➋
Output
➌
Output
➍
Inverse
Output
➎
HLM
Time
Range
0
0
0
0
ADSR
A
10
D
10
S
10
R
10
ADSR
Control
➀
➁
➂
➃
➄
➅
Controls:
A: Attack time control
1
2 D: Decay time control
S: Sustain level control
3
R: Release time control
4
5 ADSR Control:LED envelope state indicator
Time Range
6
:Three-position range switch
In / Outputs:
Gate: Input for gate voltage
!
" Retrig.: Input for re-trigger voltage
Output
§
Output: ditto
$
% Inverse Output: responds to a gate signal by
:Output:
responds to a gate signal by
putting out the voltage envelope set
by the controls.
putting out an inversion of the voltage
envelope set by the controls.
2
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V0 V
➨
System A - 100
ADSR A-140
3. Controls
The ADSR puts out a varying voltage, called an envelope, whenever a gate signal is sensed (see Fig. 1).
Attack
Time
approx. +8 V
On
Fig. 1: An ADSR envelope and its parameters
Decay
Time
Sustain
Level
Release
Time
Time
+3 ... +12
Off
1 A
With this control you set the envelope’s attack time.
Whenever the envelope is triggered - via the internal
gate, a ‘note on’ command via a MIDI/CV interface, or
a gate signal at gate input 1 - a control voltage is
output at sockets 3 and 4, rising to maximum in the
time set by this control.
2 D
This control sets the decay time: the time it takes for
the control voltage output to fall to the level set by S,
the sustain control.
3 S
This control sets the sustain level of the envelope the steady-state voltage level after the decay phase.
This level remains the same until the gate is closed.
4 R
This control sets the release time of the envelope. As
soon as the gate signal finishes, for instance when the
key that triggered the envelope is released, or a note
off command is received via a MIDI/CV interface, the
control voltage falls to zero, at a rate set by this
control.
3
A-140
ADSR
System A - 100
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5 ADSR Control
LED 5 gives a visual indication of the envelope voltage
at the output.
6 Time Range
This 3-position rotary switch lets you select the right
time range for your requirements. The three positions
are:
H (high): up to minutes
•
• M (medium): standard mid-range
(low): down to less than 100 µsec
• L
4. In / Outputs
! Gate
Socket ! is the ADSR’s gate input.
H The gate input is a switched socket, normalled
to the
INT. GATE circuit
gate signal on this circuit (for instance from a
keyboard) will trigger the ADSR, even without
an input to socket !.
If on the other hand you connect a gate signal to
socket !, then the connection with the system bus is
broken, and the ADSR is triggered from this socket
instead.
If you want, you can undo the normalling to the system
bus more permanently, by turning the A-100 off, removing the A-140 module, and taking out the little red
jumper in the top right-hand corner of the circuit
board.
on the
system bus
. A
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System A - 100
ADSR A-140
" Retrig.
Socket " is the ADSR’s retrigger input, which can be
connected, for instance, to the output from an LFO.
That means that while the gate is open, the envelope
re-triggers every time it senses a pulse from the LFO
(see Fig. 2).
ADSR
Gate
Retrig.
: Envelope re-trigger system
Fig. 2
§ Output • $ Output
Whenever the ADSR is triggered, these
outputs
the envelope voltage as defined by the Attack, Decay,
Sustain and Release parameters (see Fig. 3).
carry
% Inverse Output
The Inverse Output carries exactly the same voltage
envelope as the ordinary outputs but inverted - with
negative instead of positive voltages (see Fig. 3).
Output
8 V
0 V
Fig. 3
AD
S
: normal and inverted envelopes
R
Inverse
Output
0 V
- 8 V
A
DS
R
5
A-140
ADSR
System A - 100
doepfer
5. User examples
The envelope generated by the ADSR can be used for
most kinds of modulation:
• ADSR - VCA
Modulation of loudness / amplification over time.
ADSR - VCA for voltage control of any in /
•
output processes, with the process time controlled by the A, D, S, and R parameters.
• ADSR - VCF
Modulation of the cut-off frequency produces a
constantly evolving sound spectrum.
• ADSR - VCO (PWM)
Modulation of the pulse width of a VCO produces a
constantly changing timbre.
ADSR - VCO (FM)
•
Modulation of the pitch control voltage produces
variation in pitch as a note progresses (and at very
short envelope settings produces variation of timbre).
• ADSR - VCP
Modulation of the phase shift of an A-125 VCP
produces variation in phase shift as a note progresses. For this function slow settings of A, D and
R parameters should be used.
• ADSR - VCLFO
Control of the frequency of an A-147 VCLFO produces variation in
gresses. For this function slow settings of A, D and
R parameters should be used.
Examples and further notes can be found in the manuals for the individual modules.
LFO frequency
as a note pro-
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6. Patch-Sheet
System A - 100
ADSR A-140
The following diagrams of the module can help
you recall your own Patches. They’re designed so
that a complete 19” rack of modules will fit onto an
A4 sheet of paper.
Photocopy this page, and cut out the pictures of
this and your other modules. You can then stick
them onto another piece of paper, and create a
diagram of your own system.
Make multiple copies of your composite diagram,
and use them for remembering good patches and
set-ups.
P • Draw in patchleads with colored
pens.
• Draw or write control settings in the
little white circles.
A-140
Gate
0
Retrig.
HLM
Time
Range
0
0
0
Output
Output
Inverse
Output
ADSR
10
10
10
10
ADSR
Control
A
D
S
R
A-140
Gate
0
Retrig.
0
Output
0
Output
HLM
Time
Range
0
Inverse
Output
ADSR
10
10
10
10
ADSR
Control
A
D
S
R
A-140
Gate
0
Retrig.
0
Output
0
Output
HLM
Time
Range
0
Inverse
Output
ADSR
10
10
10
10
ADSR
Control
A
D
S
R
7
A-140
ADSR
System A - 100
doepfer
8
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